KR20240076465A - Pressure control devices for ship - Google Patents

Abstract

A marine storage tank according to an embodiment of the present invention has a first space inside which a fluid (liquid or gas) is stored, a first sealing wall in which the internal pressure is formed at a first pressure, and an external surface of the first sealing wall. A second sealing wall, the first sealing wall, which is provided to surround the circumference of the first sealing wall and is spaced a predetermined distance apart from the first sealing wall so as to have a second space, and is formed with a second internal pressure greater than the first pressure. The design pressure is formed as a third pressure on the wall, and when it receives a pressure greater than the third pressure, the design pressure becomes a fourth pressure on the first rupture member and the second sealing wall that communicates the first space and the second space as it ruptures. It is formed and includes a second rupture member that communicates with the second space and the outside as it ruptures when subjected to a pressure greater than the fourth pressure, and when the first sealing wall or the second sealing wall is broken, the first rupture member is ruptured due to pressure fluctuation. When the rupture member and the second rupture member rupture, fluid (liquid or gas) is discharged to the outside.

Description

Storage tanks for ships {PRESSURE CONTROL DEVICES FOR SHIP}

The present invention relates to a marine storage tank, and more specifically, to a marine storage tank that has a dual structure of an outer hull and an inner hull, thereby reducing manufacturing costs compared to a single-structure high-pressure tank.

In addition, the present invention relates to a marine storage tank that reacts immediately when the storage tank is damaged and ruptures, thereby easily discharging high-pressure fluid (liquid or gas) and preventing explosion accidents due to high-pressure leakage.

Carbon dioxide is a representative greenhouse gas, and many efforts are being made to reduce it.

One of them is the Carbon Capture & Sequestration (CCS) process, which separates carbon dioxide generated from fossil fuel combustion and isolates it from the atmosphere by burying it underground, is emerging as an alternative.

For this purpose, a marine storage tank is needed to transport carbon dioxide from a fossil fuel consumption site to a carbon dioxide landfill, and when transporting carbon dioxide with a triple point of about -56.4°C and 5.11 atm, low temperature and high pressure must be maintained to maintain it in a liquid state that is easy to handle.

However, in the case of existing marine storage tanks, they are designed and built with an independent tank installed on the hull, so there are limitations in that additional costs are required to manufacture the independent tank and the tank capacity is small compared to the size of the hull.

For this reason, when liquid carbon dioxide is transported in a hull tank similar to a membrane-type liquefied natural gas carrier (Membrane LNG), the hull must withstand high internal pressure (at least 7 bar), and in this case, excessive hull pressure is required. There have been concerns about deflection of the hull due to increased weight and pressure.

Accordingly, similar to liquefied natural gas carriers (Membrane LNG), there was a need to develop structural technology for marine storage tanks that store liquid carbon dioxide in hull tanks and allow the hull to easily withstand the high pressure of liquid carbon dioxide.

In particular, there is a need to develop carbon dioxide emission structure technology to prevent explosive damage due to a decrease in internal pressure when the tank is damaged.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2017-0037284

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a marine storage tank that can reduce manufacturing costs compared to a single-structure high-pressure tank by having a dual structure of an outer hull and an inner hull.

In addition, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a marine storage tank that can easily discharge high-pressure fluid (liquid or gas) as it immediately reacts and ruptures when the storage tank is damaged, thereby preventing explosion accidents due to high-pressure leakage.

The technical problems to be achieved in the present invention are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below. You will be able to.

In order to solve the problems described above, the present invention provides a first sealing wall, which has a first space in which a fluid (liquid or gas) is stored inside, and whose internal pressure is formed as a first pressure, and an exterior of the first sealing wall. A second sealing wall, the first sealing wall, which is provided to surround the circumference of the first sealing wall and is spaced a predetermined distance apart from the first sealing wall so as to have a second space, and is formed with a second internal pressure greater than the first pressure. The design pressure is formed as a third pressure on the wall, and when it receives a pressure greater than the third pressure, the design pressure becomes a fourth pressure on the first rupture member and the second sealing wall that communicates the first space and the second space as it ruptures. It is formed and includes a second rupture member that communicates with the second space and the outside as it ruptures when subjected to a pressure greater than the fourth pressure, and when the first sealing wall or the second sealing wall is broken, the first rupture member is ruptured due to pressure fluctuation. When the rupture member and the second rupture member rupture, fluid (liquid or gas) is discharged to the outside.

In addition, the present invention connects the first sealing wall and the second sealing wall to form a sealed space surrounding the first rupture member and the second rupture member in the second space, and has a third pressure equal to the second pressure inside the second space. It further includes a guide partition forming a third space having pressure, and the guide partition is an discharge path for the fluid (liquid or gas) when the first rupture member and the second rupture member rupture. guide.

In addition, the present invention further includes an opening means provided on the guide partition wall to selectively open the guide partition wall, and the opening means opens when a difference occurs in the second pressure and the third pressure to separate the second space and the third pressure. By connecting the three spaces, the second pressure and the third pressure are controlled equally.

In addition, a communication port connecting the second space and the third space is formed in the guide partition, and the opening means has one end provided in the second space, the other end of which is drawn out to the third space through the communication port, and expands and contracts in the longitudinal direction. It includes a possible elastic member and an opening and closing member provided in the third space and integrally formed at the other end of the elastic member and formed to be larger than the diameter of the communication opening, wherein the opening and closing member is formed so that a difference occurs in the second pressure and the third pressure. It flows in the longitudinal direction of the elastic member, opening or closing the communication port.

In addition, the present invention further includes a pressure control means for controlling the pressure of the second space so that the second pressure in the second space is maintained, and the pressure control means uses air or an inert gas as a medium in the second space. By maintaining the difference from the first pressure, the pressure received by the first sealing wall is controlled to be lower than the design pressure, thereby stably storing the fluid (liquid or gas).

According to one embodiment of the present invention, as it has a dual structure of an outer hull and an inner hull, it has the effect of reducing manufacturing costs compared to a high pressure tank of a single structure.

In addition, when the storage tank is damaged, it reacts immediately and ruptures, thereby easily discharging high-pressure fluid (liquid or gas), thereby preventing an explosion due to high-pressure leakage.

The effects that can be obtained from the present invention are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below. will be.

1 is a diagram briefly showing a storage tank for a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a diagram showing a guide partition according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a diagram showing an opening means according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figures 4 and 5 are diagrams showing the discharge path of the storage object when damage occurs in the marine storage tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

The detailed description set forth below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings is intended to illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and is not intended to represent the only embodiments in which the invention may be practiced.

In order to clearly explain the present invention in the drawings, parts unrelated to the description may be omitted, and the same reference numerals may be used for identical or similar components throughout the specification.

In an embodiment of the present invention, expressions such as “or”, “at least one”, etc. may represent one of words listed together, or a combination of two or more.

Hereinafter, in the embodiments of the present invention, the size, thickness, and shape of each component are exaggerated for convenience of explanation, and actual marine storage tanks may have different sizes and shapes.

In addition, the connection structure of the illustrated wiring is briefly shown for convenience, and other connection forms may be applied, and the upper, lower, and side parts, etc. are indicated based on predetermined components, but this is for convenience of explanation. For this purpose, it may be interpreted in a different direction from the indicated direction depending on the rotation or arrangement of the device.

Hereinafter, a marine storage tank according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

1 is a diagram briefly showing a storage tank for a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, a marine storage tank 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a first sealing wall 110 and a second sealing wall 120.

The first sealing wall 110 has a first space 10 in which fluid (liquid or gas) is stored, and the internal pressure is formed as the first pressure.

Here, the contents stored in the first space 10 may be, for example, liquid carbon dioxide. In addition, various contents may be stored, and a first pressure suitable for storage may be formed.

The second sealing wall 120 is spaced apart from the first sealing wall 110 by a predetermined distance so as to have a second space 20 outside the first sealing wall 110 and surrounds the first sealing wall 110. It is provided to surround the device, and the internal pressure is formed as a second pressure greater than the first pressure.

For example, when a high pressure of about 7 bar is required for storage of fluid (liquid or gas), the first pressure inside the first sealing wall 110 is formed at about 7 bar, and the second sealing wall 120 The internal second pressure is formed at about 4 bar, and the external atmosphere can be at about 1 bar.

At this time, the first sealing wall 110 and the second sealing wall 120 each only need to withstand a pressure of 3 bar, so manufacturing costs can be significantly reduced compared to a conventional storage tank designed to withstand a pressure of about 7 bar. There is an effect.

As an example, the marine storage tank 100 of the present invention described above may be applied to a hull, where the first sealing wall 110 is the inner hull and the second sealing wall 120 is the outer hull. (Outer Hull)

In this case, similar to a membrane-type liquefied natural gas carrier (Membrane LNG), liquid carbon dioxide is stored in the hull tank, that is, the inner hull, and the hull is designed to easily withstand the high pressure of liquid carbon dioxide. When operating as a ballast, high pressure can be applied to the space formed by the outer double hull, that is, the outer hull, used as a ballast tank, so that the hull can easily withstand the pressure.

In the case of having a double-structured hull like this, the inner hull and outer hull each have to withstand only 3 bar, so weight reduction and deflection of the hull due to pressure can be reduced, compared to the conventional single hull. There are significant cost savings in design and manufacturing compared to structural pressure tanks.

However, in the case of a hull with such double pressure, when the outer hull is damaged, there is concern about rapid and explosive damage to the inner hull due to a decrease in pressure between the outer hull and the inner hull.

In order to prevent this problem, the marine storage tank 100 of the present invention installs a rupture member that preferentially ruptures when the design pressure is exceeded, thereby rapidly releasing the fluid (liquid or gas) stored in the first space 10 into the atmosphere. A emitting structure was adopted.

Continuing to refer to Figure 1, the marine storage tank 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a first rupture member 111 and a second rupture member 121.

The first rupture member 111 is formed with a design pressure of a third pressure on the second sealing wall 120 and the first sealing wall 110, and ruptures when it receives a pressure greater than the third pressure, thereby creating a first space ( 10) and the second space 20.

The second rupture member 121 has a design pressure of the fourth pressure on the second sealing wall 120, and ruptures when it receives a pressure greater than the fourth pressure, thereby communicating the second space 20 with the outside. Do it.

As an example, the first rupture member 111 and the second rupture member 121 may be provided in the form of a rupture panel or a rupture disk.

At this time, when the first sealing wall 110 or the second sealing wall 120 is damaged and the internal pressure changes, a pressure greater than the design pressure is applied to the first rupture member 111 and the second rupture member 121. As it ruptures, fluid (liquid or gas) can be quickly discharged to the outside.

For example, the design pressure of the second rupture member 121 may be provided at about 4 bar, in this case, between the first space 10 and the third space 30, and the outside and the third space 30. As soon as the pressure difference exceeds about 4 bar, each space is ruptured to connect the spaces, thereby discharging fluid and gas to the outside.

Here, when the storage object is carbon dioxide, unlike crude oil or LNG, it is not flammable and does not cause immediate marine pollution when leaked to the outside, so it has the advantage that it can be released to the outside in an emergency.

However, when storing objects other than carbon dioxide, a separate storage space may be provided outside the storage tank to prevent the fluid (liquid or gas) discharged through the second rupture member 121 from leaking into the atmosphere. there is.

At this time, a discharge portion connected to the receiving space may be formed on the outside of the second rupture member 121 to transport the discharged fluid (liquid or gas) to the receiving space.

Accordingly, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the storage tank is resolved, making it possible to prevent secondary explosion accidents caused by high-pressure leakage.

In addition, the marine storage tank 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a guide partition wall 130 for guiding the discharge path of the above-described fluid (liquid or gas).

Figure 2 is a diagram showing a guide partition according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, the guide partition wall 130 surrounds the first rupture member 111 and the second rupture member 121 in the second space 20 and forms a sealed space. and the second sealing wall 120, and form a third space 30 inside which has a third pressure equal to the second pressure.

This guide partition 130 serves to guide the discharge path of the fluid (liquid or gas) when the first rupture member 111 and the second rupture member 121 rupture. do.

As this guide partition 130 is provided, when the first rupture member 111 ruptures, the diffusion of the fluid (liquid or gas) in the first space 10 into the second space 20 is minimized and the third By increasing the pressure of the space 30, rupture of the second rupture member 121 can be facilitated.

Due to this, there is an advantage of guiding the movement path of the fluid (liquid or gas) more safely so that the fluid (liquid or gas) in the first space 10 passes through the third space 30 and is discharged directly toward the discharge unit. there is.

In addition, the marine storage tank according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include an opening means.

Figure 3 is a diagram showing an opening means according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, the opening means 140 is provided on the guide partition 130 and functions to selectively open the guide partition 130.

This opening means 140 opens when a difference occurs in the second pressure and the third pressure and connects the second space 20 and the third space 30, thereby making the second pressure and the third pressure equal. Control.

The opening means 140 may be composed of detailed components such as an elastic member 142 and an opening and closing member 143. At this time, the guide partition 130 has a second space 20 and a third space 30. A connecting communication port 141 may be formed.

The elastic member 142 has one end provided in the second space 20, the other end of which is drawn out into the third space 30 through the communication port 141, and may be provided to be flexible in the longitudinal direction, as an example. , may be provided in the form of a spring.

The opening and closing member 143 is provided in the third space 30 and is formed integrally with the other end of the elastic member 142, so that as a difference occurs in the second pressure and the third pressure, the opening and closing member 143 moves in the longitudinal direction of the elastic member 142. It may be arranged to flow to open or close the communication port 141.

At this time, the opening and closing member 143 may be formed larger than the diameter of the communication opening 141 so that it does not pass from the third space 30 to the second space 20 when caught in the communication opening 141. .

The form of this opening means 140 is not limited to the above description, and connects the second space 20 and the third space 30 by selectively opening and closing the guide partition 130 according to the pressure difference. Any form that can be blocked can be applied.

As the marine storage tank of the present invention further includes the above-described opening means 140, the blocking effect of the guide bulkhead 130 blocking the second space 20 and the third space 30 is maintained, but the two spaces are maintained. By communicating a part of the space, the internal pressure can be kept the same.

As a result, pressure fluctuations in the third space 30 become possible, and as the pressure difference between the first space 10 and the outside increases, the first rupture member 111 or the second rupture member 121 becomes easier. It has the advantage of being able to induce rupture.

In addition, the marine storage tank of the present invention may further include a pressure control means for controlling the pressure of the second space so that the second pressure of the second space is maintained.

Referring again to FIG. 1, the pressure control means 150 includes a pressure pump 151 that supplies pressure to the second space 20, and a pressure control valve (Pressure) that discharges the pressure in the second space 20 to the outside. It may be composed of a relief valve (PSV) (152).

For example, when the pressure of the second space 20 becomes lower than the preset pressure range, the pressure pump 151 is operated to increase the pressure, and when the pressure of the second space 20 exceeds the preset range , by operating the pressure control valve 152 to discharge pressure to the outside, the internal pressure can be controlled to maintain the set range.

The pressure control means 150 may also be provided in the first space 10, and the form of its provision is not limited to the above description, and various methods may be applied.

As the marine storage tank of the present invention further includes such pressure control means 150, the difference between the first pressure and the second pressure is maintained, and the pressure received by the first sealing wall 110 is controlled to be lower than the design pressure. , It has the effect of storing fluid (liquid or gas) more stably.

In addition, the above-described pressure control means 150 can use air or an inert gas as a medium for the second space 20, and the inert gas includes helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), Krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), and radon (Rn) gases may be provided.

If air is used as a medium in the second space 20, air in the atmosphere can be drawn and used immediately without the need to prepare a separate storage gas, which has the advantage of convenient operation and cost reduction.

Furthermore, in one embodiment, the present invention provides a case where it is impossible to control and control the pressure through the above-described pressure control means 150, that is, the preset pressure range of the first space 10 or the second space 20 is controlled. If it exceeds, a danger signal may be provided to be output.

The danger signal may be prepared to include at least one of light, sound, and vibration. The light signal may be provided in the form of an LED (Light Emitting Diode) and may be provided to blink at regular intervals to increase visibility.

These danger signals may be transmitted to a control center or to mobile devices such as worker terminals and manager terminals, and may also be provided as objects to be worn on the body.

For example, in order for a worker to check an alarm transmitted to a mobile device, operation on the mobile device is required, so there is a risk that alarms on the mobile device cannot be checked in real time at the work site.

Additionally, if the worker is not equipped with a mobile device, there is a problem in that there is no means to notify the worker of a dangerous situation.

Accordingly, the marine storage tank according to an embodiment of the present invention may be provided to transmit a danger signal to work clothes or articles that workers must wear on their bodies at work sites.

In other words, when transmitting a danger signal, the worker can immediately recognize the danger signal without any additional operation through light, sound, vibration, etc., thus minimizing the time it takes to recognize the danger signal and improving the recognition success rate. .

In the above, we looked at the configuration of a marine storage tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Below, a pressure control method using a marine storage tank according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail.

Figures 4 and 5 are diagrams showing the discharge path of the storage object when damage occurs in the marine storage tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, when a crack or fracture occurs on the first sealing wall 110, fluid (liquid or gas) primarily flows out from the first space 10 to the second space 20.

Because of this, the pressure of the second space 20 becomes higher than the internal pressure of the third space 30, so the fluid (liquid or gas) in the second space 20 flows into the third space ( 30), so that the pressures of the second space 20 and the third space 30 become the same.

Afterwards, as the pressure of the third space 30 gradually increases, the pressure difference with the outside exceeds the design pressure of the second rupture member 121, causing the second rupture member 121 to rupture, thereby The fluid in (30) is discharged to the outside.

In addition, as the third pressure of the third space 30 is rapidly reduced, the difference with the first pressure of the first space 10 exceeds the fourth pressure, which is the design internal pressure of the second rupture member 121. As a result, the first rupture member 111 is ruptured, and the fluid (liquid or gas) is quickly discharged to the outside through the third space 30.

Next, referring to FIG. 5, when a crack or breakage occurs on the second sealing wall 120, the pressure of the second space 20 inside the second sealing wall 120 gradually decreases, and the second space 20 decreases. As the pressure difference between 20 and the third space 30 occurs, the opening means 140 opens to connect the second space 20 and the third space 30.

Accordingly, the pressure in the third space 30 moves to the second space 20, and as the pressure gradually leaks out due to damage to the second sealing wall 120, the second space 20 and the third space 20 The pressure in the space 30 gradually decreases.

Afterwards, as the pressure difference between the first space 10 and the third space 30 exceeds the design pressure of the first rupture member 111, the first rupture member 111 is ruptured and the first space ( 10) The fluid (liquid or gas) flows out into the third space 30.

As a result, the third pressure in the third space 30 rapidly increases, and as the difference between the external and third pressure exceeds the design pressure of the second rupture member 121, the second rupture member 121 It ruptures and the fluid (liquid or gas) is quickly discharged to the outside through the third space 30.

In the above-described embodiments, the second space 20 and the third space 30 adopt a structure separated with a guide partition wall 130 therebetween.

Therefore, in both cases where either the first sealing wall 110 or the second sealing wall 120 is damaged, leakage of fluid (liquid or gas) into the second space 20 is minimized and the guide There is an advantage that the discharge path can be easily guided to move along the partition wall 130.

Using the marine storage tank according to an embodiment of the present invention described above can provide the following advantages.

First, the marine storage tank of the present invention adopts a dual structure of a first sealing wall and a second sealing wall surrounding the first sealing wall to distribute pressure, thereby reducing manufacturing costs compared to a single-structure high pressure tank. There is.

In addition, by further providing a pressure control means for controlling the pressure of the second space inside the second sealing wall, stability in storage of the contents is further improved.

In addition, it is provided with a first rupture member and a second rupture member, so that when the first sealing wall or the second sealing wall is damaged, it immediately reacts and ruptures, thereby easily discharging high-pressure fluid (liquid or gas), thereby preventing high-pressure leakage. It has the advantage of preventing safety accidents such as explosions.

Furthermore, by further providing a guide partition and an opening means, even if either the first sealing wall or the second sealing wall is damaged, the fluid (liquid or gas) stored in the first space can be safely discharged toward the discharge unit. has the advantage of being able to

The embodiments of the present invention disclosed in this specification and drawings are merely provided as specific examples to easily explain the technical content of the present invention and to facilitate understanding of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be construed as including all changes or modified forms derived based on the technical idea of the present invention in addition to the embodiments disclosed herein.

100: Marine storage tank
110: first sealing wall
111: first rupture member
120: second sealing wall
121: second rupture member
130: Guide bulkhead
140: opening means
141: Yeontong-gu
142: elastic member
143: Opening and closing member
150: Pressure control means
151: pressure pump
152: pressure control valve
10: first space
20: second space
30: Third space

Claims (5)

a first sealing wall having a first space in which a fluid (liquid or gas) is stored, and an internal pressure of which is formed as a first pressure;
It is provided to surround the circumference of the first sealing wall and is spaced apart from the first sealing wall by a predetermined distance so as to have a second space outside the first sealing wall, and the internal pressure is set to a second pressure greater than the first pressure. a second sealing wall formed;
A first rupture member whose design pressure is set to a third pressure on the first sealing wall, and which ruptures when subjected to a pressure greater than the third pressure, thereby communicating the first space and the second space; and
A design pressure is formed at a fourth pressure on the second sealing wall, and the second rupture member communicates with the second space and the outside as it ruptures when receiving a pressure greater than the fourth pressure,
A marine storage tank in which the first rupture member and the second rupture member rupture due to pressure fluctuations when the first sealing wall or the second sealing wall is damaged, thereby discharging the fluid (liquid or gas) to the outside. According to claim 1,
Connecting the first sealing wall and the second sealing wall to form a sealed space surrounding the first rupture member and the second rupture member in the second space, and having a third pressure equal to the second pressure inside the second space, It further includes a guide partition forming a third space having pressure,
The guide bulkhead is,
A marine storage tank that guides the discharge path of the fluid (liquid or gas) when the first rupture member and the second rupture member rupture. According to clause 2,
It further includes an opening means provided on the guide partition wall to selectively open the guide partition wall,
The opening means is,
A marine storage tank that opens when a difference occurs between the second pressure and the third pressure and connects the second space and the third space, thereby controlling the second pressure and the third pressure to be the same. According to clause 3,
A communication opening connecting the second space and the third space is formed in the guide partition wall,
The opening means is,
an elastic member whose one end is provided in the second space and whose other end is drawn out into the third space through the communication hole and is capable of expanding and contracting in the longitudinal direction; and
An opening and closing member is provided in the third space and integrally formed with the other end of the elastic member, and is formed to be larger than the diameter of the communication opening,
The opening and closing member is,
A marine storage tank that flows in the longitudinal direction of the elastic member as a difference occurs between the second pressure and the third pressure, opening or closing the communication port. According to claim 1,
Further comprising pressure control means for controlling the pressure of the second space so that the second pressure of the second space is maintained,
The pressure control means is,
Air or an inert gas is used as a medium in the second space,
A marine storage tank that stably stores the fluid (liquid or gas) by controlling the pressure received by the first sealing wall to be lower than the design pressure by maintaining the difference from the first pressure.

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