KR20240075711A - Battery Life Management System and Battery Charging Method Using the Same - Google Patents

Abstract

This document is about a battery life management system and a battery charging method using it.
For this purpose, a method of performing charging using a battery life management system includes obtaining required charging curve information for each type of device including the battery to be charged; Predict in advance a time section in which the change in charging power changes rapidly at a predetermined rate or more based on the required charging curve information; And it includes limiting the charging power charged to the device including the battery in the pre-estimated time section, and reducing the change in charging power within the time section below the predetermined rate.

Description

Battery Life Management System and Battery Charging Method Using the Same}

The following description is about a battery life management system and a battery charging method using the same. Specifically, a system for managing charging to increase battery life based on the charging profile information required for each type of device including the battery to be charged, and the same. This is about the charging method used.

Recently, as the use of electric vehicles (EVs) has expanded, the supply of electric vehicle chargers is increasing. Additionally, as fast charging of electric vehicles becomes an issue, assessing battery life prediction, expected usage time, and degree of recyclability are emerging as important issues.

However, as a result of the applicant's actual operation of an electric vehicle charging station, the high-speed charging output of electric vehicles is not constant and shows drastic changes in certain sections. Such rapid changes in output can shock batteries (especially lithium-ion batteries (LIB), which are the most popular), and can also affect the conversion elements of the PCS (Power Conversion System). In addition, due to the nature of LIB in which lithium ions are intercalated within a specific structure, instantaneous changes in electric field may have a negative effect on the structure.

In addition, various electrically driven mobile devices such as UAV (Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle) and personal mobility are being proposed as mobile devices that require battery charging, as well as current electric vehicles, and the requirements for each type of device containing such a battery to be charged have been proposed. A system for managing charging to increase battery life based on charging profile information is required.

In order to solve the problem described above, in one aspect of the present invention, a system for managing charging to increase battery life based on charging profile information required for each type of device including a battery to be charged and a charging method using the same are provided. We would like to provide

In addition, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the device including the battery to be charged is an electric vehicle (EV), a request is made to the electric vehicle over time based on one or more of the manufacturer, vehicle type, or vehicle model of the electric vehicle. Based on the charging curve representing the amount of charging power, it is proposed to increase battery life by predicting in advance the section where the change in charging power per unit time is more than a predetermined standard and smoothing the charging curve.

In addition, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the battery life extension charging method described above is defined as an advanced electric charging service, and a service model that provides a life extension charging service according to the user's selection is proposed.

In addition, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is proposed to additionally provide an ESS (Energy Storage System) capable of high-speed charging to suppress the instantaneous voltage drop in the grid and to perform distinct roles for each section of the charging curve. do.

The problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below. You will be able to.

In one aspect of the present invention for solving the problems described above, there is a method of performing charging using a battery life management system, comprising: obtaining required charging curve information for each type of device including a battery to be charged; Predict in advance a time section in which the change in charging power changes rapidly at a predetermined rate or more based on the required charging curve information; And limiting the charging power charged to the device including the battery in the pre-estimated time period, and reducing the change in charging power within the time period to below the predetermined rate, based on a battery life management system. Suggest a charging method.

In another aspect of the present invention, a memory that stores charging curve information required for each type of device including a battery to be charged; a processor configured to predict in advance a time section in which a change in charging power changes rapidly at a predetermined rate or higher based on the charging curve information stored in the memory; and limiting the charging power charged to the device including the battery in the time interval predicted in advance by the processor, and performing charging to reduce the change in charging power within the time interval below the predetermined rate. A battery life management system including a charger is proposed.

In another aspect of the present invention, in a method of performing charging by charging service type in a battery charging service providing system, when a charging service user selects a general charging service in the battery charging service providing system, the battery to be charged is providing the device with an amount of charging power according to charging curve information required by the device; And when the user selects an advanced charging service in the battery charging service provision system, the amount of charging power is limited and provided to the device in a time section when the change in the amount of charging power according to the charging curve information rapidly changes at a predetermined speed or more. We propose a charging method for each charging service type, including:

In another aspect of the present invention, in a battery charging service providing system that performs charging by charging service type, a charging service user may use any one or more of a plurality of types of charging service including advanced electric charging service and general charging service. An interface configured to allow selection; a memory that stores charging curve information required by a device containing a battery to be charged; When the general charging service is selected through the interface, the amount of charging power according to the charging curve information is provided to the device, and when the advanced charging service is selected through the interface, the amount of charging power according to the charging curve information is provided to the device. We propose a battery charging service providing system that includes a processor configured to limit the amount of charging power and provide it to the device in a time section where the change rapidly changes at a predetermined rate or higher.

In embodiments for the above-described method and system, the device including the battery may include an electric vehicle, and the memory may determine the charging time based on one or more of the manufacturer, vehicle type, or vehicle model of the electric vehicle. It may be configured to store the charging curve information to indicate the amount of charging power required by the electric vehicle.

The charger limits the charging power charged to the electric vehicle based on a signal from the processor within the amount of charging power required by the electric vehicle according to the charging time to smooth the slope of the change in the amount of charging power over time. It is desirable to be configured.

In addition, the battery life management system may be configured to be included in a battery charging service providing system, wherein the charging service user may use a plurality of types of charging including an advanced electric charging service or a general charging service. It may include an interface configured to select one of the services, and the battery life management system may be configured to be activated when the advanced electric charging service is selected through the interface.

Specifically, the advanced charging service may include a battery life extension charging service and a fast charging service, and the battery life management system may select the battery life extension charging service in the battery charging service providing system. It can be activated.

At this time, the interface of the battery charging service providing system may be configured to display changes in expected lifespan when the battery life management system is activated.

It is desirable that the battery life management system additionally includes an ESS (Energy Storage System).

The ESS may be configured to suppress the instantaneous voltage drop of the grid.

Specifically, the charging curve includes a low-speed charging section in which the charging time section in which the State of Charge (SoC) of the battery to be charged increases above the first standard, and charging at a low charging power below the second standard, ESS may be configured to assist power provided from the grid in a FR (Frequency Regulation) manner. Through this, ramping of power provided from the grid can be reduced.

In addition, the charging curve includes a fast charging section in which the SoC (State of Charge) of the battery to be charged is low below the first standard and a high-speed charging section in which the charging power is higher than the second standard, and the ESS is It may be configured to provide auxiliary power in a section where power provided from the grid is temporarily interrupted.

The ESS is preferably an ESS that supports an instantaneous charging speed above a predetermined standard, and in particular, it is proposed to be an ESS based on VIB (Vanadium Ion Battery).

According to the embodiments of the present invention as described above, a system for managing charging to increase battery life can be implemented based on charging profile information required for each type of device including a battery to be charged.

In addition, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the device including the battery to be charged is an electric vehicle (EV), the change in charging power per unit time is based on one or more of the manufacturer, vehicle type, or vehicle model of the electric vehicle. By predicting the large section in advance and smoothing the charging curve, the impact on the vehicle/battery can be reduced, and through this, battery life can be increased.

In addition, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the battery life extension charging method described above is defined as an advanced electric charging service, and the life extension charging service can be provided according to the user's selection.

In addition, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an ESS capable of high-speed charging is additionally provided to suppress the instantaneous voltage drop in the grid and reduce power ramping, especially in the low-speed charging section, thereby increasing battery life.

The effects that can be obtained from the present invention are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below. will be.

Figure 1 is a diagram to explain the concept of profiling each charging curve according to various types of vehicles in the battery life management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 and 3 are diagrams for explaining the concept of obtaining charging curve information for each vehicle type according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a diagram for explaining the concept of extending battery life according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a diagram for explaining the concept of providing an advanced electric charging service according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figures 6 and 7 are diagrams to explain the concept of providing grid power to a charger according to embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the concept of performing charging to increase battery life for each charging curve section using ESS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 9 is a diagram for explaining the battery type applied to the ESS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is a diagram for explaining the structure of VIB ESS according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the attached drawings, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present invention. However, the present invention may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. In order to clearly explain the present invention in the drawings, parts unrelated to the description are omitted, and similar parts are given similar reference numerals throughout the specification.

Throughout the specification, when a part is said to “include” a certain element, this means that it may further include other elements rather than excluding other elements, unless specifically stated to the contrary.

As described above, one aspect of the present invention seeks to provide a system for managing charging to increase battery life based on charging profile information required for each type of device including a battery to be charged, and a charging method using the same.

Figure 1 is a diagram to explain the concept of profiling each charging curve according to various types of vehicles in the battery life management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

When looking at an electric vehicle as an example as a device containing a battery to be charged, as shown in FIG. 1, one or more of the manufacturer, vehicle type, or vehicle model of the electric vehicle is used (e.g., 10, 20 in FIG. 1). , 30, 40), a charging curve representing the amount of charging power required for the electric vehicle over time can be obtained.

The charging power of an electric vehicle can be set in various ways, but in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, when the charging amount over time is indicated based on one or more of the manufacturer, vehicle type, or vehicle model of the electric vehicle, a similar charging curve is shown. You can check that this is being profiled.

In Figure 1, it is assumed that in the charging curve for each vehicle type, the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents charging power amount. In this way, when securing the profile of the charging curve for each vehicle type, the battery life management system according to this embodiment ensures that the change in power required by/supplied to the vehicle per unit time exceeds a predetermined standard, as indicated by reference numeral 10a. It is proposed to predict the rapidly changing section 10a in advance and smooth the charging curve.

2 and 3 are diagrams for explaining the concept of obtaining charging curve information for each vehicle type according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

In the following description, the state of the battery can be representatively expressed based on the state-of-charge (SoC), and the charge/discharge speed of the battery can be explained based on the charge/discharge rate (C-Rate). You can.

First, the charging rate and/or the discharging rate of the battery can be controlled by the charging/discharging rate (C-Rate). Charge/discharge rate (C-Rate) refers to the measurement of current used to charge and/or discharge a battery. For example, discharging a specific battery at 1C-Rate or 1C means that a battery with a capacity of 10Ah (i.e., the amount of electricity when 10A (ampere) current flows for 1 hour) is fully charged and discharges at 10A for 1 hour. It means that (ampere) can be discharged.

By measuring a battery charged at a specific C-Rate, you can check its state of charge (SoC).

Specifically, FIG. 2 is a graph showing the charging strategy of vehicle model A of company A, where 210 in FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change in charging power and SoC over time, and 220 in FIG. 2 is the degree of change in output power per unit time. This is a drawing showing .

As shown in Figure 2, it can be seen that Company A's charging strategy for vehicle model A has a strategy of slowly changing the charging speed to stably increase SOC for each section. Specifically, 220 in Figure 2 represents the output power per unit time. It can be confirmed that the degree of change is maintained within a certain range.

Meanwhile, FIG. 3 is a graph showing the charging strategy of company B's vehicle model C. 310 in FIG. 3 is a graph showing the change in charging power and SoC over time, and 320 in FIG. 3 shows the degree of change in output power per unit time. This is the drawing shown.

Company B's vehicle charging strategy, unlike Company A shown in Figure 2, has a method of gradually changing output when the SOC enters a specific section, and therefore, rapid changes in output may occur whenever the section changes. As shown at 310 in FIG. 3, it can be confirmed that the output change usually occurs within a few seconds, and as shown at 320 in FIG. 3, it can be confirmed that there is a time section in which the degree of change in output power per unit time is large. .

Figure 4 is a diagram for explaining the concept of extending battery life according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As described above with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, in one embodiment of the present invention, the battery life is improved by controlling the charger by predicting in advance the section 410a to 410e in which the degree of change in output power per unit time is more than a predetermined standard. It is proposed to increase . Referring to 320 in FIG. 3, the standard for calculating the section in which the degree of output change is greater than a predetermined standard was selected as a section with a change of more than 3 kW per second, but this is an example, and the predetermined standard is that of the processor/charger/PCS, which will be described later. It can be set in various ways depending on performance/configuration, etc.

In summary, the method of performing charging using the battery life management system according to this embodiment includes charging curve information required for each type of device (e.g., electric vehicle, UAV, etc.) including the battery to be charged, as shown in FIG. 2 and obtained as shown in FIG. 3, and based on this, the time intervals 410a to 410e in which the change in charging power rapidly changes at a predetermined speed or higher on the required charging curve information can be predicted in advance.

For the charging curve information required for each type of electric vehicle, etc., it is preferable to use information already obtained through repeated experiments rather than acquiring it in real time. Based on one or more of the vehicle type or vehicle model, the electric vehicle, etc. can be charged according to the charging time. It can be obtained through the amount of charging power required by the target device and stored in the memory.

In this way, in the previously predicted time intervals 410a to 410e, the charger according to the present embodiment limits the charging power charged to the object battery, thereby reducing the change in charging power within the time interval below the predetermined standard. I suggest doing it.

The amount of power over time indicated by the charging curve shown in FIG. 4 represents the amount of charging strategy required by each charging target device over time. When smoothing the charging curve to extend battery life, the charging target device changes depending on time. Providing charging power beyond the required charging strategy may not have much meaning. In other words, if smoothing is performed by supplying power exceeding the charging amount according to the charging curve, the intended effect of extending battery life may not be achieved.

Therefore, in this embodiment, it is desirable to limit the charging power charged to the electric vehicle within the amount of charging power required by the electric vehicle according to the charging time to smooth the slope of the change in the amount of charging power over time.

At this time, the slope of the electric power change, which is the basis for smoothing, may be the same as the slope used when specifying the time section 410a to 410e in which the charging power changes rapidly beyond the predetermined speed.

However, in one embodiment of the present invention, as described above, the time intervals 410a to 410e in which the charging power changes rapidly above a predetermined speed are determined by the first standard (e.g. , 3 kW per second), but since the standard for smoothing within the predicted time intervals 410a to 410e is simply performed through power control in the corresponding time interval, a second standard (e.g., higher than this) is selected. , 1 kW per second), charging can also be performed in a way that extends battery life.

Figure 5 is a diagram for explaining the concept of providing an advanced electric charging service according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The electric vehicle charging system 100 shown in FIG. 5 may include an electric vehicle 120 that receives power by wire (or wirelessly) and a charger 110 that controls transmission of power to the electric vehicle 120. The charger 110 may include an interface 165 that displays the amount of power actually charged to the battery of the electric vehicle 120 and the amount of power consumed due to charging, respectively.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the battery life management system according to the embodiment described above with respect to FIG. 4 is configured to enable a charging service user to use an advanced electric charging service or It is proposed to be activated when the advanced electric charging service is selected among the general charging services 165a. That is, the electric vehicle charging system according to this embodiment provides an interface 165a that allows the user to select an advanced electric charging service, and can be configured to provide an advanced electric charging service according to the user's selection.

In the present invention, 'high-end electricity' refers to a type of charging service that extends the performance and lifespan of a vehicle, just like high-end gasoline, and provides a high level of service satisfaction even at a relatively high cost to the user. Electricity refers to the form/method/technology of charging power. Such advanced electricity may form a class of electric charging service such as optimized charging, ultra-fast charging, etc., as well as the battery life extension charging service and fast charging service 165b illustrated in FIG. 5.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in addition to displaying the charge amount 165d through the interface 165, as shown in FIG. 5, when the battery life management system is activated, the expected life change is displayed 165c. Thus, user satisfaction can be increased. This change in expected lifespan may indicate an increase in capacity predicted according to charge and discharge cycles when using an advanced charging service, compared to the capacity predicted according to charge and discharge cycles during general charging.

FIG. 5 shows an example in which the above-described interface 165 is attached to the charger 110, but this interface 165 is used for user devices (e.g., smartphones, PCs) linked to the charging system 100. Of course, it can also be provided through (e.g., etc.).

Meanwhile, in the following, we will look at the charging environment for devices that require battery charging, such as electric vehicles, in more detail, and explain the concept of assisting the power supply of the grid through ESS.

Figures 6 and 7 are diagrams to explain the concept of providing grid power to a charger according to embodiments of the present invention.

A device including a battery to be charged 630, such as an electric vehicle, may monitor the status of the battery, such as voltage/temperature, by including a BMS (Battery Management System). The power supplied to the charging device including the battery/BMS 630 is supplied in AC form from the grid 610, and is converted to DC power by the PCS or the corresponding power conversion unit 620 and supplied. You can.

In the embodiment described above with reference to FIG. 4, smoothing by limiting the power supplied to the charging target device 630 in a specific time unit is performed by limiting the power supplied to the charging target device 630 from the PCS 620. Separately from the water supply (S650) and the PCS (620), this may be performed through a processor (not shown) of the charger 110 of the embodiment of FIG. 5.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, power from the grid is not only provided to the charging target device 630, but can also be shared with the surrounding power load 640 in the place where the charger is installed. Accordingly, problems such as a temporary interruption in the power provided to the charging target device 630 may occur.

Conversely, as the use of electric vehicles has recently expanded, electric vehicle (EV) chargers are being placed in various spaces. However, the use of electric vehicle chargers increases electricity usage on the grid and can affect other electricity usage in the space. In particular, when electricity usage increases rapidly, there is a problem that the use of electric vehicle chargers is limited.

Accordingly, it is proposed to utilize ESS to stabilize the power provided to the charger as described above in the space where the charger is placed.

Generally, ESS refers to a device that stores energy in various energy storage means and then supplies the stored power back to the grid when necessary. Among these ESSs, the ESS that uses batteries as a means of energy storage is specifically referred to as BESS (Battery Energy Storage System), but in the following description, unless otherwise specified, it is assumed that the ESS is a BESS.

Generally, ESS consists of a battery, BMS, PCS, and energy management system (EMS). A battery has one or more cells, a plurality of cells can form one module, and a plurality of modules can form a rack. The ESS configured in this way can be connected to the power grid, electric grid, etc. to receive power.

There are various causes that reduce power quality. Voltage fluctuations, voltage abnormalities, electronic failures, and power outages, to name a few, can cause problems.

To solve the voltage fluctuation problem, maintaining voltage and frequency is required, and measures such as transformer tap adjustment and SVG adoption can be taken. In order to solve the problem of abnormal voltage, it is necessary to prevent the spread of accidents, and measures such as adoption of LA and SA SPD and strengthening of insulation resistance can be taken. In order to solve the problem of electronic failure, it is necessary to improve the electronic environment and prevent the occurrence of failures, and measures such as optimizing the electromagnetic wave tolerance level and introducing electronic turn system can be established. In order to solve the power outage problem, increased device reliability, system redundancy, spare power, and spare maintenance are required. Measures such as introduction of emergency generator, installation of UPS, duplication of power supply and distribution equipment, deterioration diagnosis, and automatic inspection can be taken. .

More serious causes of poor power quality include harmonics and voltage dips or sags. Harmonics refer to waveforms in which a physical electric quantity corresponding to an integer multiple, such as two, three, or four times, is generated unbalanced with respect to the fundamental frequency forming a sine curve, and the instantaneous voltage drop is the rated frequency. ) refers to a phenomenon in which the voltage drops with a duration of about 0.5 to 30 cycles.

These harmonics and instantaneous voltage drops significantly affect power quality and can reduce productivity and shorten the lifespan of production equipment.

To solve harmonic problems, maintenance of voltage and frequency, prevention of disturbances, etc. are required, and measures such as suppression of sources of harmonic emission and adoption of harmonic filter (AF) can be established.

To solve the problem of instantaneous voltage drop, uninterrupted power supply and system redundancy are required, and measures such as installing a UPS, automatic stop/restart control, and securing ESS backup can be taken.

In this embodiment, it is proposed to specifically solve the instantaneous voltage drop problem by securing ESS backup.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the concept of performing charging to increase battery life for each charging curve section using ESS according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown at 810 and 820 in FIG. 8, the charging curve of the device to be charged, such as an electric vehicle, is in the charging time section when the SoC of the battery to be charged increases to the first standard or higher (e.g., SoC of 80%), It may include a low-speed charging section in which charging is performed with low charging power below the second standard (for example, 80 kW).

This low-speed charging section can be viewed as a section where power is intentionally provided at a low rate in consideration of battery stability when the SoC of the battery has increased above the first standard. Therefore, changes in the power quality of the grid in these low-speed charging sections (830a, 830b, expressed as 'ramping' unless there is confusion) create an instantaneous power shock and are most likely to cause damage to the vehicle and/or battery. It means high.

Accordingly, in one embodiment of the present invention, it is proposed to use ESS to suppress the ramping section of power provided from the grid as described above.

Specifically, in the section where the SoC of the battery of the device to be charged is high, the ESS assists the power of the grid through FR (Frequency Regulation) and supplies electricity as close to a sine wave of the correct frequency as possible to the PCS, thereby supporting the vehicle and/or vehicle battery. We propose a configuration that reduces the impact that may be applied to the device.

Meanwhile, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, since the output of the shaking grid must be quickly supported as described above, the performance change due to sudden changes in output is small, and an ESS using a battery capable of high-speed charging and discharging is used. I suggest doing this. For this purpose, ESS using water-based batteries is desirable, and among them, it is proposed to use ESS based on vanadium ion batteries (VIB).

In the explanation of FIG. 8, the explanation was focused on assisting power ramping (830a, 830b) in the section where low-speed charging is performed in relation to the life of the battery through the ESS. However, when using the ESS, the power of the grid is increased even in the high-speed charging area. This pause may reduce the impact on the vehicle/battery.

ESS battery type

In the description of the above-described embodiments, there is no need to limit the interpretation of the battery used in the ESS to a specific type. However, it is desirable that the battery applied to the ESS use a battery that can quickly support the power of the shaking grid as described above with reference to FIG. 8, and for this purpose, it is a type of water-based battery, proposed by the present applicant. This explains ESS based on vanadium ion battery (VIB).

Figure 9 is a diagram for explaining the battery type applied to the ESS according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As mentioned above, there are various types of batteries applicable to ESS, for example, lead-acid battery, lead carbon battery, NAS (Sodium Sulfur) battery, and lithium ion battery (LIB). ), flow batteries, etc. can be used. Figure 9 (A) exemplarily shows a system to which the LIB ESS (210), which is currently receiving the most popular attention among these various ESS batteries, is applied.

LIB has high energy density and power density, is about 3 times lighter than existing lead acid batteries, and is attracting attention because it can reduce space occupancy by 50-80% with high power density. In addition, it is possible to discharge 1-2% of the charge per month and maintain a long service life, and can be considered to have 5,000 battery cycles depending on the advantages and conditions of about 10 years of use.

However, in the case of LIB, when operating as an ESS, charging and discharging are performed under the basic condition of 0.2~0.5C, and when operating at a high C-rate, continuous operation is difficult due to heat generation, and it has the disadvantage of having a high risk of fire.

Additionally, in the case of alkaline and lead batteries, they are generally operated at 0.05C (= 20 hours of discharge) to avoid battery capacity degradation (performance reduction) due to heat generation.

On the other hand, VIB developed by the present applicant refers to a secondary battery that stores/releases energy electrochemically using vanadium ions as an active material. In existing vanadium-based batteries, active materials that participate in electrochemical reactions (e.g., vanadium ions, H+ cations, water, sulfuric acid, etc.) are forcibly circulated/transferred/stored by a pump operated by external power, thereby storing/storing electrical energy. On the other hand, in VIB, the active material within the cell and/or module changes and moves ions using internal electric fields, osmotic pressure, concentration difference, etc., and the active material releases energy through an electrochemical reaction within the cell and/or module. It performs a storage/release role.

In particular, in the case of VIB, charging and discharging is possible at 0.5 to 5C (MAX 10C). In addition, since it is driven using an aqueous electrolyte, it is free from fire risk and has the advantage of being able to utilize a wide range of SoCs.

Accordingly, Figure 9(B) shows a configuration to which the VIB ESS 140 using such a VIB is applied according to an embodiment of the present invention.

For example, in the case of LIB, heat generation and battery life are affected at high output, but in the case of VIB, stable high output is possible. In addition, LIB has limitations such as 1C charging and 1C discharging, but VIB is capable of controlling input and output flow with high output. For example, when a power outage occurs in the grid 110, the VIB ESS 140 controls both the grid 110 and the charger. Since assistance is possible with high output, the use of the VIB ESS (140) has the advantage of performing very efficient ESS charging and discharging management.

In particular, in the case of VIB, there is no risk of fire due to overload, so when this VIB is applied to the ESS of this embodiment, the system of the present invention is a very effective power supply system in that it can be preferably applied while ensuring safety in various auxiliary facilities. You can do it. In addition, since safe and efficient energy supply is possible through the use of VIB ESS (140), it can be used as a very effective, safe, and eco-friendly energy supply means for energy conservation, energy environment, and carbon neutrality.

Additionally, when using the VIB ESS (140) as shown in (B) of FIG. 9, the high-speed charging and discharging performance of the VIB is utilized as described above to measure the energy measured through a plurality of power meters (211, 212, and 220). Electric power can be used more efficiently. For example, when the measured value of the power meter 212, which measures the amount of power flowing into the charger, decreases rapidly, this can be supported by high-speed discharge, and the measured value of the power meter 220, which measures the amount of power flowing into the charger, decreases significantly. If it is below a predetermined standard, the VIB ESS (140) can be charged at high speed.

Meanwhile, in the case of LIB, there is an upper and lower limit voltage, so a relatively narrow voltage range (window) is used. Specifically, when LIB reaches 0 V or a severe discharge state (lower than the above lower limit voltage), dendrite material is generated, which may cause a short circuit due to damage to the separator, resulting in thermal runaway. there is.

On the other hand, in the case of VIB, there is an upper limit voltage but no lower limit voltage, so it has the advantage of being able to use a relatively wide voltage range (window). In other words, no special problems occur even if it is in a 0 V or full power state, and it can operate more flexibly depending on the measurement status of multiple watt-hour meters.

In addition, in the case of LIB, when charging and discharging cycles are repeated, there is an irreversible reaction (surface precipitation phenomenon, solid electrolyte interphase, cracking phenomenon) due to phase change, so there is a problem of capacity difference occurring during certain cycle operation, but VIB's In this case, it has the advantage of using a reversible reaction so that there is no difference between the initial capacity and the capacity after a certain cycle of operation.

Meanwhile, in the case of LIB, it is impossible to use it below 20% of the actual (theoretical) SoC by connecting it to the upper/lower limit voltage as described above, but in the case of VIB, there is no lower limit voltage, so the actual (theoretical) SoC is 20% or less. It can be used in

Here, the term actual (theoretical) SoC is a concept to distinguish it from the SoC provided by the manufacturer. For safety reasons, the manufacturer generally provides the range without safety problems as 0% - 100% of the actual SoC range. In contrast, the actual (theoretical) SoC refers to an SoC that calculates the battery's full charge as 100% and full discharge as 0%.

The main characteristics of these LIBs and VIBs can be summarized as in [Table 1] below.

LIB VIB fire hazard height doesn't exist Charge/discharge rate 0.2-0.5C 0.5 - 5 C (Max 10 C) Voltage range Existence of upper and lower limit voltage There is an upper limit voltage, the lower limit voltage is Actual SoC operating below 20% Impossible possible Features when repeating cycle Irreversible reaction due to phase change reversible reaction

Figure 10 is a diagram for explaining the structure of VIB ESS according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 10, VIB ESS also includes components such as battery, BMS, PCS, and EMS.

Specifically, the battery consists of a module in which 10-20 cells are grouped starting from the smallest cell unit, multiple modules constitute a pack, and multiple packs may constitute a system level, and in response to this structure, the BMS It may also have a hierarchical structure of cell BMS (not shown), module BMS (31; level 1), pack BMS (32; level 2), and system BMS (33; level 3).

Here, each level refers to an operation level including the above-described BMS as well as other control configurations. For example, level 2 defines control with the level 1 control stage of the pack BMS 32 and control operations for the switch gear 34, and level 3 specifies the system BMS 33 and PMS 35 described above. ) can be defined. Additionally, the final level 4 may define control operations between a plurality of PMSs 35 and EMSs 36.

Here, the switch gear 34 can control the battery and power lines (contactor, precharge, fuse), and the Linear IC 37 can turn on the switch 38 by receiving a command from the pack BMS 32. there is. At this time, turning on the switch = may mean performing balancing by a resistor, and here the resistor may be a pattern resistor in which copper wires are formed in a pattern on the board.

In the embodiment described in FIGS. 9 and 10, the type of battery applied to the ESS is exemplarily described as VIB (FIGS. 9(B) and 10) in contrast to LIB (FIG. 9(A)). The type of battery applied to ESS does not need to be limited to VIB. For example, in this specification, the ESS may utilize a vanadium redox battery (VRB), a polysulfide bromide battery (PSB), or a zinc-bromine battery (ZBB).

A detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or practice the invention. Although the present invention has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, a person skilled in the art may use each configuration described in the above-described embodiments by combining them with each other.

Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

The battery life management system and battery charging method using the same according to the embodiments of the present invention as described above can be used not only for electric vehicle charging services but also for increasing the battery life of various charging devices.

Claims (25)

In a method of performing charging using a battery life management system,
Obtain required charging curve information for each type of device including the battery to be charged;
Predict in advance a time section in which the change in charging power changes rapidly at a predetermined rate or more based on the required charging curve information; and
Battery life management system-based charging, which includes limiting the charging power charged to the device including the battery in the pre-estimated time section and reducing the change in charging power within the time section below the predetermined rate. method. According to claim 1,
Devices containing the battery include electric vehicles,
The charging curve information is obtained through the amount of charging power required by the electric vehicle according to charging time, based on one or more of the manufacturer, vehicle type, or vehicle model of the electric vehicle. A charging method based on a battery life management system. According to claim 2,
Reducing the change in charging power within the time interval below the predetermined speed,
A charging method based on a battery life management system, including smoothing the slope of change in the amount of charging power over time by limiting the charging power charged to the electric vehicle within the amount of charging power required by the electric vehicle according to the charging time. . According to claim 1,
The battery life management system is,
In a battery charging service provision system, a charging method based on a battery life management system that is activated when a charging service user selects an advanced electric charging service. According to claim 4,
The advanced charging service includes battery life extension charging service and fast charging service,
The battery life management system is activated when the battery life extension type charging service is selected in the battery charging service providing system. According to claim 4,
A charging method based on a battery life management system, further comprising displaying an expected life change when the battery life management system is activated. According to claim 1,
The battery life management system additionally includes an ESS (Energy Storage System),
The ESS is a battery life management system-based charging method configured to suppress the instantaneous voltage drop of the grid. According to claim 7,
The charging curve is,
In a charging time section in which the State of Charge (SoC) of the battery to be charged increases above the first standard, a low-speed charging section is charged at a low charging power below the second standard,
A charging method based on a battery life management system, wherein the ESS is configured to suppress a ramping section of power provided from the grid. According to claim 7,
The charging curve is,
In a charging time section in which the State of Charge (SoC) of the battery to be charged is lower than the first standard, a fast charging section is charged with a high charging power higher than the second standard,
The ESS is configured to provide auxiliary power in a section where power provided from the grid is temporarily interrupted. According to claim 8 or 9,
The ESS is an ESS that supports an instantaneous charging speed higher than a predetermined standard. A charging method based on a battery life management system. According to claim 10,
The ESS is a VIB (Vanadium Ion Battery)-based ESS, and a battery life management system-based charging method. In a method of performing charging by charging service type in a battery charging service provision system,
When a charging service user selects a general charging service in the battery charging service providing system, the charging power amount according to the charging curve information required by the device including the battery to be charged is provided to the device; and
When the user selects an advanced charging service in the battery charging service providing system, the amount of charging power is limited and provided to the device in a time section when the change in charging power amount according to the charging curve information rapidly changes at a predetermined speed or more. Charging methods for each type of charging service. According to claim 12,
The advanced charging service includes battery life extension charging service and fast charging service,
Limiting the amount of charging power in the time section is performed when the user selects the battery life extension charging service in the battery charging service providing system. A memory that stores required charging curve information for each type of device containing the battery to be charged;
a processor configured to predict in advance a time section in which a change in charging power changes rapidly at a predetermined rate or higher based on the charging curve information stored in the memory; and
Limiting the charging power charged to the device including the battery in the time interval predicted in advance by the processor, and performing charging to reduce the change in charging power within the time interval below the predetermined rate. A battery life management system, including a charger. According to claim 14,
Devices containing the battery include electric vehicles,
The memory stores the charging curve information to indicate the amount of charging power required by the electric vehicle according to charging time, based on one or more of the manufacturer, vehicle type, or vehicle model of the electric vehicle. According to claim 14,
The charger limits the charging power charged to the electric vehicle based on a signal from the processor within the amount of charging power required by the electric vehicle according to the charging time to smooth the slope of the change in the amount of charging power over time. Consisting of a battery life management system. According to claim 14,
The battery life management system is included and configured in a battery charging service provision system,
The battery charging service providing system includes an interface configured to allow a charging service user to select either an advanced electric charging service or a general charging service,
The battery life management system is configured to be activated when the advanced electric charging service is selected through the interface. According to claim 17,
The interface of the battery charging service providing system is,
A battery life management system, wherein the battery life management system is configured to display expected life changes when the battery life management system is activated. According to claim 14,
The battery life management system additionally includes an ESS (Energy Storage System),
The ESS is a battery life management system configured to suppress the instantaneous voltage drop of the grid. According to claim 19,
The charging curve is,
In a charging time section in which the State of Charge (SoC) of the battery to be charged increases above the first standard, a low-speed charging section is charged at a low charging power below the second standard,
The ESS is a battery life management system configured to assist power provided from the grid in a FR (Frequency Regulation) method. According to claim 19,
The charging curve is,
In a charging time section in which the State of Charge (SoC) of the battery to be charged is lower than the first standard, a fast charging section is charged with a high charging power higher than the second standard,
The ESS is configured to provide auxiliary power in a section where power provided from the grid is temporarily interrupted. The method of claim 20 or 21,
The ESS is a battery life management system that supports an instantaneous charging speed above a predetermined standard. According to claim 22,
The ESS is a battery life management system that is a VIB (Vanadium Ion Battery)-based ESS. In a battery charging service provision system that performs charging by charging service type,
an interface configured to allow a charging service user to select any one or more of a plurality of types of charging services including an advanced electric charging service and a general charging service;
a memory that stores charging curve information required by a device containing a battery to be charged;
When the general charging service is selected through the interface, the amount of charging power according to the charging curve information is provided to the device, and when the advanced charging service is selected through the interface, the amount of charging power according to the charging curve information is provided to the device. A battery charging service providing system comprising a processor configured to limit the amount of charging power and provide it to the device in a time section in which the change rapidly changes at a predetermined rate or more. According to claim 24,
The advanced charging service includes battery life extension charging service and fast charging service,
The processor is configured to limit the amount of charging power in the time period when the battery life extension charging service is selected through the interface.

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