KR20240062925A - 3 dimensional printing apparatus using multi-phase material - Google Patents

Abstract

In the present invention, a multi-phase 3D printing device is disclosed. The multi-phase 3D printing device includes a stage that provides a support base for the sculpture to be printed, a first material in a paste or slurry form that forms the outline of the sculpture, and a structure surrounded by the outline of the sculpture formed of the first material. A paste or slurry containing first and second discharge nozzles arranged on the stage to each discharge a liquid second material filling the filling space, and a mixture of ceramic particles and a matrix in which ceramic particles are dispersed, connected to the first discharge nozzle. An extrusion device for extruding the first material toward the first discharge nozzle so as to discharge the first material, and connected to the second discharge nozzle, takes a metal block as input, and melts the metal block through the second discharge nozzle. A heating funnel for melting the metal block and a slow cooling space for the first and second materials accumulated on the stage from the first and second discharge nozzles while accommodating the stage to discharge the second material of the liquid metal flow. It includes a heating chamber for providing.
According to the present invention, while having a simplified structure for manufacturing a sculpture, it is possible to shorten the production time of the sculpture, and to produce a sculpture with a smooth surface, beautiful appearance, and reduced internal defects such as voids and thermal stress. A multi-phase 3D printing device capable of forming is provided.

Description

Multi-phase 3D printing apparatus {3 dimensional printing apparatus using multi-phase material}

The present invention relates to a multi-phase 3D printing device.

A 3D printing device is a device used to mold a sculpture with a specific shape. For example, a sculpture can be manufactured by stacking each layer of the sculpture using the sliced section data of the sculpture to be molded as input. . For example, in these 3D printing devices, the three-dimensional shape of the object to be printed is created as digital data through computer modeling, differentiated into a two-dimensional plane, and then the differentiated materials are continuously stacked. Sculptures with dimensional shapes can be produced.

One embodiment of the present invention includes a multi-phase 3D printing device that can shorten the manufacturing time of a sculpture.

One embodiment of the present invention includes a multi-phase 3D printing device with a simplified structure for manufacturing sculptures.

One embodiment of the present invention includes a multi-phase 3D printing device capable of forming a sculpture with a smooth surface and beautiful appearance while reducing internal defects such as voids and thermal stress.

In order to solve the above problems and other problems, the multi-phase 3D printing device of the present invention,

A stage that provides a support base for the sculpture to be formed;

First and second discharges arranged on the stage to respectively discharge a paste-like or slurry-like first material that forms the outline of the sculpture and a liquid second material that fills the filling space surrounded by the outline of the sculpture formed of the first material. Nozzle;

an extrusion device connected to the first discharge nozzle and configured to extrude the first material in the form of a paste or slurry in which ceramic particles and a matrix in which the ceramic particles are dispersed are mixed, so as to extrude the first material toward the first discharge nozzle;

a heating funnel connected to the second discharge nozzle, receiving the metal block as an input, and discharging a second material of liquid metal flow in which the metal block is melted through the second discharge nozzle, for melting the metal block; and

It includes a heating chamber for accommodating the stage and providing a slow cooling space for the first and second materials accumulated on the stage from the first and second discharge nozzles.

For example, the inner diameter of the second discharge nozzle may be smaller than the diameter corresponding to the longest dimension of the metal block injected from the inlet at the top of the heating funnel connected to the second discharge nozzle at the bottom.

For example, the inner diameter of a metal block formed in the shape of a disk is 50 mm, which is the diameter of the disk,

The inner diameter of the second discharge nozzle may be 0.1 mm to 4 mm, for example, 1 mm to 2 mm.

For example, the heating funnel is Y-shaped so that the inner diameter gradually decreases from the inner diameter of the inlet at the top where the metal block is input to the inner diameter of the second discharge nozzle at the bottom where the second material of the metal flow is discharged. can be formed.

For example, a first heat source for melting a metal block introduced into the heating funnel is wound along the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel.

For example, the first heat source may be disposed between a heating funnel having a second discharge nozzle formed at the bottom facing the stage and a discharge unit having a first discharge nozzle formed at the bottom facing the stage.

For example, the multi-phase 3D printing device may further include an embedding block for embedding the first and second discharge nozzles together.

For example, the embedding block may bury and fix the first and second discharge nozzles so that the distance between the first and second discharge nozzles is maintained between 3m and 50mm. For example, the embedding block may , the distance between the first and second discharge nozzles can be maintained at approximately 25 mm.

For example, the buried block is formed from the bottom of the heating funnel and the discharge unit, where the first and second discharge nozzles are formed, to a height exposing the inlet at the top of the heating funnel and the fitting end at the top of the discharge unit,

A connecting tube for mediating the transfer of the first material between the extrusion device and the extrusion device may be inserted into the fitting end of the upper end of the discharge unit.

For example, the embedded block surrounds the first heat source wound on the outer circumferential surface of the heating funnel, is spaced apart from the first heat source wound on the outer circumferential surface of the heating funnel, and extends parallel to the outer circumferential surface of the heating funnel. Units can be surrounded together.

For example, the discharge unit extends along a diagonal direction that simultaneously follows the height direction and the radial direction of the heating funnel so as to be parallel to the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel, and extends toward the stage from a bottleneck forming the minimum inner diameter of the heating funnel. The first discharge nozzle and the second exposed nozzle extending from the bend of the discharge unit toward the stage may extend parallel to each other.

For example, the second temperature of the heating funnel and the first temperature of the discharge unit may satisfy the relationship of second temperature > first temperature.

For example, the temperature difference between the first and second temperatures may be induced according to thermal resistance formed from the insulating material of the embedded block filling between the heating funnel extending parallel to each other and the discharge unit.

For example, the second temperature of the heating funnel is set to a sufficiently high temperature above the melting point of the metal block,

The first temperature of the discharge unit may be set to a sufficiently low temperature at which vaporization or volatilization of the matrix mixed with the first material can be suppressed.

For example, the third temperature of the slow cooling space of the heating chamber is, in the relationship between the second temperature of the heating funnel and the first temperature of the discharge unit, the relationship of second temperature > third temperature > first temperature. You can be satisfied.

For example, the third temperature of the slow cooling space of the heating chamber may be set to a sufficiently high temperature that can induce vaporization or volatilization of the matrix mixed with the first material in the slow cooling space.

For example, the embedding block and the heating chamber are configured to allow the flow of the first and second materials from the first and second discharge nozzles embedded in the embedding block toward the stage accommodated in the slow cooling space of the heating chamber. It can be connected up and down via a hall.

For example, the landfill block is,

an upper block embedding a heating funnel and a discharge unit including first and second discharge units at the bottom, respectively; and

It may include a lower block that is formed in the shape of a plate with an area expanded from the upper block and covers the upper part of the slow cooling space.

For example, the heating chamber may include a plurality of partition walls that cover the sides of the slow cooling space while contacting the lower block through a stepped interface.

For example, adjacent partition walls forming corners of the heating chamber may abut against each other through a stepped interface.

For example, the heating chamber provides an assembly position where the plurality of partition walls are seated, and an opening is formed for penetration of a connecting rod that mediates a power connection between a stage inside the slow cooling space and an actuator outside the slow cooling space. further comprising a bottom wall,

The multi-phase 3D printing device may further include a bellows cover attached to the bottom wall to cover the opening through a link structure that extends in parallel with the connecting rod and expands and contracts as the actuator rises and falls. .

For example, the multi-phase 3D printing device,

a first heat source for melting the metal block wound along the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel and introduced into the heating funnel; and

It may further include a second heat source formed in the heating chamber to control the cooling rate of the first and second materials accumulated on the stage from the first and second discharge nozzles.

For example, during tact-time to form a sculpture,

The first operation time from the start of operation to the end of operation of the first heat source and the second operation time from the start to end of operation of the second heat source may have a relationship of first operation time < second operation time. there is.

For example, during tact-time to form a sculpture,

The second heat source may be operated to control the cooling rate of the sculpture even after operation of the first heat source is terminated.

For example, the multi-phase 3D printing device may not be equipped with sintering equipment to solidify the sculpture to complete a solid sculpture.

For example, the first and second discharge nozzles may operate together and discharge positions for the first and second materials may be formed simultaneously on the stage.

For example, the flow rate of the first material discharged onto the stage from the first discharge nozzle may be smaller than the flow rate of the second material discharged from the second discharge nozzle onto the stage. .

For example, the volume of the outline of the sculpture formed from the first material may be smaller than the volume of the sculpture itself formed from the second material.

For example, the extrusion device includes first and second hoppers into which ceramic particles and matrix are respectively introduced, a transfer pipe connected to the first and second hoppers, and a rotational drive inside the transfer pipe to produce the first and second hoppers. In addition to forming the first material by mixing the ceramic particles and matrix introduced from the hopper, it may include a rotating screw that forcibly transfers the first material along the direction of the transfer pipe.

For example, the flow rate of the first material discharged from the first discharge nozzle onto the stage may be controlled from the rotation speed of the rotating screw driven inside the transfer pipe.

For example, the flow rate of the second material discharged from the second discharge nozzle onto the stage can be controlled from the pressure of the gas filled on the liquid level of the second material of the metal flow inside the heating funnel. , for example, can be controlled from the pressure of noble gases.

According to the present invention, while having a simplified structure for manufacturing a sculpture, it is possible to shorten the production time of the sculpture, and to produce a sculpture with a smooth surface, beautiful appearance, and reduced internal defects such as voids and thermal stress. A multi-phase 3D printing device capable of forming is provided.

1 shows an overall perspective view of a multi-phase 3D printing device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the molding of a sculpture that is to be formed by the multi-phase 3D printing device shown in FIG. 1, and is a plan view showing some of the configurations of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the molding of a sculpture that is a target of the multi-phase 3D printing device shown in FIG. 1, and is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III′ in FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the molding of a sculpture that is the object of modeling by the multi-phase 3D printing device shown in FIG. 1, from the first and second discharge positions on the stage where different first and second materials are discharged. A drawing is shown to explain the outline of the formed sculpture and the molding of the sculpture that fills the filling space surrounded by the outline of the sculpture.
FIG. 5 is for explaining the extrusion device shown in FIG. 1, and shows a schematic configuration of the extrusion device shown in FIG. 1.
Figures 6 and 7 are diagrams for explaining the outline of the sculpture formed from the first and second discharge positions on the stage where the first and second materials are discharged, and the molding of the sculpture filling the filling space surrounded by the outline of the sculpture. , drawings are shown to explain a drive mode in which the first and second materials are ejected in a temporal sequential relationship, and a drive mode in which the first and second materials are ejected simultaneously.
FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of a portion of the multi-phase 3D printing device shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 9 shows an exploded perspective view for explaining the assembly between the heating funnel, the discharge unit, and the first heat source embedded in the embedding block shown in FIG. 8.
Figure 10 shows an exploded perspective view to explain the airtight assembly between the buried block and the heating chamber.
FIG. 11 shows an exploded perspective view to explain the discharge hole formed in the buried block shown in FIG. 10.
12 shows a configuration in which the flow rate (volume passing through the cross-sectional area per unit time) or discharge rate of the second material in the heating funnel is controlled depending on the sealing cover disposed on the heating funnel and the internal pressure of the gas filled in the sealing cover. A drawing to explain is shown.
Figure 13(a) shows the temperature profile of the first temperature T1 in the heating funnel 10 followed as the target temperature furnace and the temperature profile of the discharge unit 20 during the tact-time in which one molded product is manufactured. A diagram showing an exemplary temperature profile of temperature T2 is shown.
FIG. 13(b) is a diagram illustrating the temperature profile of the third temperature T3 in the heating funnel 10, which is followed as the target temperature during the tact-time during which one molding is manufactured, A diagram showing an exemplary gentle profile of the third temperature (T3) for slow cooling of the sculpture is shown.
14(a) and 14(b) show the transfer amount of the stage S required to move to the same target position according to the gap g between the different first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a. A drawing is shown to schematically explain the change.
15 and 16 show the power connection between the stage (S) and the actuator (A), which provides a support base for the sculpture shown in FIG. 1, and the opening of the heating chamber 50 regardless of the driving of the actuator (A) ( Different drawings are shown to explain the bellows cover (ZC) for sealing the bellows cover (ZC) and the link structure (L) connected to the bellows cover (ZC).

Hereinafter, with reference to the attached drawings, a multi-phase 3D printing device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described.

1 shows an overall perspective view of a multi-phase 3D printing device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the molding of a sculpture that is to be formed by the multi-phase 3D printing device shown in FIG. 1, and is a plan view showing some of the configurations of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the molding of a sculpture that is a target of the multi-phase 3D printing device shown in FIG. 1, and is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III′ of FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the molding of a sculpture that is the object of modeling by the multi-phase 3D printing device shown in FIG. 1, on the stage (S) from which different first and second materials (M1 and M2) are discharged. A drawing is shown to explain the outline of the sculpture formed from the first and second discharge positions P1 and P2 and the molding of the sculpture filling the filling space FS surrounded by the outline of the sculpture.

FIG. 5 is for explaining the extrusion device 80 shown in FIG. 1, and shows a schematic configuration of the extrusion device 80 shown in FIG. 1.

6 and 7 show the outline of the sculpture formed from the first and second discharge positions (P1, P2) on the stage (S) where the first and second materials (M1, M2) are discharged, and the filling surrounded by the outline of the sculpture. This is a drawing to explain the molding of a sculpture that fills the space FS. It shows a driving mode in which the first and second materials M1 and M2 are discharged in a temporal sequential relationship, respectively, and the first and second materials M1 ,Drawings are shown to explain each driving mode in which the discharge of M2) occurs simultaneously.

FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of a portion of the multi-phase 3D printing device shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 9 shows an exploded perspective view for explaining the assembly between the heating funnel 10, the discharge unit 20, and the first heat source 15 embedded in the embedding block 40 shown in FIG. 8.

Figure 10 shows an exploded perspective view for explaining the airtight assembly between the buried block 40 and the heating chamber 50.

FIG. 11 shows an exploded perspective view to explain the discharge hole 40`` formed in the buried block 40 shown in FIG. 10.

12 shows the flow rate of the second material (M2) in the heating funnel (10) according to the internal pressure of the sealing cover (1) disposed on the heating funnel (10) and the gas (RG) filled in the sealing cover (1). A diagram is shown to explain a configuration in which the rate (volume passing through the cross-sectional area per unit time) or discharge rate is controlled.

Figure 13(a) shows the temperature profile of the first temperature T1 in the heating funnel 10 followed as the target temperature furnace and the temperature profile of the discharge unit 20 during the tact-time in which one molded product is manufactured. A diagram showing an exemplary temperature profile of temperature T2 is shown.

FIG. 13(b) is a diagram exemplarily showing the temperature profile of the third temperature T3 in the heating funnel 10, which is followed as the target temperature during the tact-time during which one molding is manufactured, A diagram showing an exemplary gentle profile of the third temperature (T3) for slow cooling of the sculpture is shown.

14(a) and 14(b) show the transfer amount of the stage S required to move to the same target position according to the gap g between the different first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a. A drawing is shown to schematically explain the change.

15 and 16 show the power connection between the stage (S) and the actuator (A), which provides a support base for the sculpture shown in FIG. 1, and the opening of the heating chamber 50 regardless of the driving of the actuator (A) ( Different drawings are shown to explain the bellows cover (ZC) for sealing the bellows cover (ZC) and the link structure (L) connected to the bellows cover (ZC).

Referring to the drawings, a multi-phase 3D printing device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a stage (S) that provides a support base for the sculpture to be printed, and a paste-like or slurry-like agent that forms the outline of the sculpture. A first material (M1) and a liquid second material (M2) arranged on the stage (S) that fill the filling space (FS) surrounded by the outline of the sculpture formed of the first material (M1), respectively. The second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) are connected to the first discharge nozzle (10a) to discharge the first material (M1) in the form of paste or slurry, which is a mixture of ceramic particles and a matrix in which ceramic particles are dispersed. 1 An extrusion device 80 for extruding the first material M1 toward the discharge nozzle 10a, connected to the second discharge nozzle 20a, and using a metal block as an input, the second discharge nozzle 20a The first and second discharge nozzles accommodate a heating funnel 10 for melting the metal block and a stage S to discharge the second material M2 of the liquid metal flow through which the metal block is molten. It may include a heating chamber 50 for providing a slow cooling space 50' for the first and second materials M1 and M2 accumulated on the stage S from 10a and 20a.

A multi-phase 3D printing device according to an embodiment of the present invention provides first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a according to sliced section data of a 3D object to be printed. A three-dimensional sculpture can be formed from the accumulation of the second materials (M1, M2).

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first material M1 for forming the outline of the sculpture to be modeled may be formed in a paste or slurry form in which ceramic particles and a matrix in which the ceramic particles are dispersed are mixed, More specifically, the first material M1 may be formed in a paste or slurry form in which ceramic particles and a matrix to provide fluidity of the ceramic particles are mixed. In one embodiment of the present invention, the matrix is mixed with a plurality of ceramic particles to accommodate a plurality of ceramic particles in a dispersed form to form a first material (M1) in the form of a paste or slurry in which the plurality of ceramic particles are dispersed. As a base material, for example, it may have a fluid phase, such as a liquid or gel phase, and may include water (H2O) to provide fluidity to a plurality of ceramic particles. In one embodiment of the present invention, the matrix may include water (H20) as a vehicle for imparting fluidity to the ceramic particles, and in addition, for example, a binder for controlling the viscosity of the first material (M1). may not be included. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first material M1 may include a plurality of ceramic particles and water (H2O) as a matrix in which the plurality of ceramic particles are dispersed. Meanwhile, the second material M2 for forming the sculpture itself within the outline of the sculpture may be formed of liquid metal, and more specifically, may be formed of liquid metal flow.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first and second materials M1 and M2 may be prepared from different first and second raw materials through different pretreatment processes, for example, in the form of paste or slurry. Since the first material (M1) in the liquid phase and the second material (M2) in the liquid phase are different materials and have different fluidity, the first and second materials (M1, M2) are each processed through different pretreatment processes. It can be supplied onto the stage (S).

Regarding the first material (M1), the first material (M1) may be formed of a paste-like or slurry-like composite material in which solid ceramic particles and a liquid (or gel-like) vehicle and/or binder are mixed, , for example, ceramic particles may have a particle size on the μm scale. This first material (M1) may be less fluid than the second material (M2), which is formed as a paste or slurry with dispersed ceramic particles and is formed as a liquid metal or metal flow, and has different material phases. The first discharge nozzle 10a uses extrusion to form a homogeneous mixture (or dispersed at a homogeneous concentration) between the ceramic particles (solid phase) and the matrix (liquid or gel phase) accommodated by the ceramic particles. The first material (M1) can be forcibly transferred through the connecting pipe 70 connected to the first discharge nozzle 10a.

For example, the extrusion device 80 for extruding the first material (M1) includes a first hopper 81 into which ceramic particles forming the solid component of the first material (M1) are input, and accommodating the ceramic particles. It may include a second hopper 82 into which the matrix forming a paste or slurry form is input, and the ceramic particles and matrix input from the first and second hoppers 81 and 82 are injected into the extrusion device 80. They are introduced together into the transfer pipe 83, and can be mixed with each other through the rotating screw 85 formed inside the transfer pipe 83 and transferred along the supply direction toward the stage S, for example, an extrusion device. The first material (M1) is between the discharge port (80a) of (80) and the discharge unit (20) including the first discharge nozzle (10a) formed on the stage (S) or the first discharge nozzle (10a) at the bottom. On the stage (S) via the connection pipe 70 that mediates transport and through the first discharge nozzle 10a at the bottom of the discharge unit 20 along the discharge unit 20 embedded in the embedding block 40 to be described later. can be discharged. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the upstream end of the connecting pipe body 70 may be connected to the discharge port 80a of the extrusion device 80, and the downstream end of the connecting pipe body 70 may be connected to the lower end of the connecting pipe body 70. It may be connected to the discharge unit 20 including the first discharge nozzle 10a.

Regarding the second material M2, the second material M2 is a liquid metal or metal flow formed from a heating funnel 10 that takes a solid metal block as input and heats the input metal block to the melting point or higher. It may be formed, and the molten metal or metal flow in the internal space of the heating funnel 10 may be discharged onto the stage S through the second discharge nozzle 20a forming the lower end of the heating funnel 10. .

In other words, in one embodiment of the present invention, the raw material (second raw material) of the second material M2 is in the heating funnel 10 including the second discharge nozzle 20a at the bottom from which the second material M2 is discharged. ) by inserting a low melting point metal block and heating the heating funnel 10 above the melting point of the metal block, a liquid metal flow forming the second material M2 can be formed. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the low melting point metal block as the raw material (second raw material) of the second material (M2) may be formed into a disk shape with a low height and slimmed down size. The longest dimension of the melting point metal block may correspond to the diameter of the disk, and the diameter of the low melting point metal block may be approximately 50 mm. In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating funnel 10 that discharges the metal flow using the low-melting point metal block as input may be formed in an approximately Y-shaped funnel shape, and the low-melting point metal block is input. The inner diameter of the second discharge nozzle 20a at the bottom, through which the metal flow is discharged, may be formed to be smaller than the inner diameter of the inlet at the top. For example, the inner diameter of the upper inlet into which the low-melting point metal block is input may be formed to be larger than the longest dimension of the low-melting point metal block. In contrast, the low-melting point metal block is inside the heating funnel 10. The inner diameter of the second discharge nozzle 20a at the bottom, through which the metal flow formed by melting is discharged, may be formed to be smaller than the longest dimension of the low melting point metal block. More specifically, the longest dimension of the low melting point metal block may correspond to the diameter of the disk in the disk shape of the low melting point metal block, and when the diameter of the disk is formed to be approximately 50 mm, in one embodiment of the present invention, 2 The inner diameter of the discharge nozzle 20a may be formed to be about 0.1 mm to 4 mm, which is smaller than 50 mm, which is the diameter of the solid disk, for example, about 1 mm to 2 mm.

Throughout this specification, the vertical direction (Z1) or the height direction (Z1) refers to the direction in which the first and second materials (M1, M2) are discharged from the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) onto the stage (S). It may correspond to a direction in which the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) and the stage (S) through which each of the first and second materials (M1 and M2) are discharged are spaced apart from each other. For example, the bottom and top of the heating funnel 10 are the near end relatively adjacent to the stage S and the near end relatively distant from the stage S among both ends of the heating funnel 10 along the height direction Z1. It may mean a distant end, and similarly, the lower and upper ends of the discharge unit 20 are the near end relatively close to the stage S and the far end relatively far from the stage S among both ends of the discharge unit 20. It may mean an end.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating funnel 10 may be configured to discharge the first material M1 onto the stage S through the first discharge nozzle 10a formed at the bottom, The discharge unit 20 may be configured to discharge the second material M2 onto the stage S through the second discharge nozzle 20a formed at the bottom. As will be described later, the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20 may be buried together in the embedding block 40, and the embedding block 40 includes the heating funnel 10 and the discharging unit 20. By embedding and fixing the position, the gap between the first discharge nozzle 10a forming the bottom of the heating funnel 10 and the second discharge nozzle 20a forming the bottom of the discharge unit 20 can be defined. In one embodiment of the present invention, the buried block 40 surrounds the first heat source 15 wound on the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel 10 and is controlled by the first heat source 15. The internal space of the heating funnel 10 can be insulated from the surrounding environment so as to maintain the temperature of the internal space at a second temperature (T2) above the melting point of the metal block, and the heating can be performed by interposing the first heat source 15 therebetween. The temperature of the discharge unit 20 disposed on the opposite side of the funnel 10 can be maintained at the first temperature T1, which is higher than the temperature of the surrounding environment or room temperature but lower than the melting point of the metal block. In one embodiment of the present invention, the buried block 40 may be formed of an insulating material, and is located between the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20 for discharging the first and second materials M1 and M2, respectively. It is possible to induce a temperature difference by creating a thermal resistance between them. For example, the internal second temperature T2 of each heating funnel 10 is formed above the melting point of the metal block while the discharge unit 20 ) can be maintained at a temperature lower than the melting point of the metal block but higher than the temperature of the surrounding environment or room temperature.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating funnel 10 may be formed in an approximately Y-shaped funnel shape whose inner diameter is gradually reduced from the inner diameter of the inlet at the top to the inner diameter of the second discharge nozzle 20a at the bottom. In this case, the discharge unit 20 may be extended in an inclined diagonal shape so as to extend parallel to the heating funnel 10, and the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20 extending parallel to each other may be located at the upper end. A constant distance can be maintained along the height direction Z1 from to the second discharge nozzle 20a and the first discharge nozzle 10a at the bottom. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the heating funnel 10 extends in a funnel shape whose inner diameter is gradually reduced in the radial directions (Z2, Z3) along the height direction (Z1), and then moves to the stage (S). A lower second discharge nozzle 20a extending linearly along the height direction Z1 may be formed, and the discharge unit 20 extending parallel to the heating funnel 10 may be formed in the height direction Z1. and a first discharge nozzle 10a that extends diagonally to simultaneously follow the radial directions Z2 and Z3 and then extends linearly along the height direction Z1 toward the stage S. In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20 form deformation points at the positions of the second discharge nozzle 20a and the first discharge nozzle 10a, respectively, and the heating funnel ( 10), a bottleneck of the minimum inner diameter may be formed or a bending of the discharge unit 20 may be formed. In one embodiment of the present invention, the bottleneck of the heating funnel and the bend of the discharge unit may be formed at the same level along the height direction.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20 may extend parallel to each other to maintain the same spacing at the same level along the height direction Z1, and the heating funnel 10 And the discharge unit 20 includes the second discharge nozzle 20a and the first discharge nozzle 20a from the top to the bottom while maintaining the same distance as the gap between the second discharge nozzle 20a and the first discharge nozzle 10a forming each lower end. 1 It may extend up to the discharge nozzle (10a).

In one embodiment of the present invention, a first heat source 15 interposed between the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20 and an embedded block that fills the gap between the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20. Through (40), the temperatures of each heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20 can be maintained at different first and second temperatures T1 and T2, for example, the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20. By forming thermal resistance through the insulating material of the embedded block 40 that fills the gap between the units 20, the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20 are maintained at different second temperatures T2 and first temperatures, respectively. It can be maintained as (T1).

The first temperature (T1) may correspond to a temperature lower than the melting point of the metal block and higher than the temperature of the surrounding environment or room temperature, and the second temperature (T2) may correspond to a temperature higher than the melting point of the metal block. In one embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature T1 of the discharge unit 20 is ceramic among the first materials M1 discharged from the first discharge nozzle 10a forming the bottom of the discharge unit 20. A first material (M1) forming the outline of the sculpture on the stage (S) at a sufficiently low temperature to maintain the paste or slurry phase of the first material (M1) while suppressing vaporization or volatilization of the matrix in which the particles are dispersed. In order to suppress the heat treatment effect of rapid cooling and quenching of the liquid second material (M2) that forms the sculpture itself while in contact, in other words, the material in contact with the first material (M1) that forms the outline of the sculpture It may correspond to a sufficiently high temperature to maintain slow cooling of the second material (M2) from contact between the first and second materials (M1, M2) to induce the heat treatment effect of annealing on the second material (M2). Meanwhile, the second temperature T2 of the heating funnel 10 or the second temperature T2 of the internal space of the heating funnel 10 may correspond to a temperature higher than the melting point of the metal block, and the second temperature T2 of the heating funnel 10 may correspond to a temperature higher than the melting point of the metal block. of the internal space of the heating funnel 10 to melt the metal block introduced into the internal space and discharge the liquid second material M2 through the second discharge nozzle 20a forming the lower end of the heating funnel 10. 2 Temperature (T2) may correspond to a temperature above the melting point of the metal block. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first heat source 15 is wound along the outer circumferential surface of the heating funnel 10 and adjusts the temperature of the inner space of the heating funnel 10 to a temperature higher than the melting point of the metal block. It can be maintained at the temperature T2, and the internal space of the heating funnel 10 can be insulated from the surrounding environment through the embedded block 40 surrounding the first heat source 15 wound on the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel 10. It is possible to maintain the internal space of the heating funnel 10 through the insulation material of the embedded block 40 that fills the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel 10 around which the first heat source 15 is wound and the discharge unit 20. It is possible to form a thermal resistance that can induce a temperature difference between the 2 temperature (T2) and the first temperature (T1) of the discharge unit 20. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature (T1) is lower than the melting point of the metal block and corresponds to a temperature of the surrounding environment or higher than room temperature, and the second temperature (T2) is lower than the melting point of the metal block. It may correspond to a temperature above the melting point, and accordingly, the first temperature (T1) of the discharge unit 20 < the second temperature (T2) of the heating funnel 10, or the second temperature T2 of the internal space of the heating funnel 10. The relationship may be satisfied, and the first heat source 15 involved in the first temperature T1 of the discharge unit 20 and the second temperature T2 of the heating funnel 10 are discharge units extending parallel to each other. (20) and the heating funnel 10, but may be disposed closer to the heating funnel 10 to form a relatively high second temperature T2, for example, the first heat source. (15) may be wound on the outer circumferential surface of the heating funnel 10, and the insulating material of the embedded block 40 may be interposed between the first heat source 15 wound on the outer circumferential surface of the heating funnel 10. The discharge unit 20 may be disposed.

Throughout this specification, the embedding block 40 burying the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20 together means that the embedding block 40 occupies all of the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20. Rather than meaning that they are completely buried, the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) forming the bottom of the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20 are completely buried, but the inlet into which the metal block is inserted is The inlet forming the top of the heating funnel 10 is exposed so that the position of the device can be visually confirmed, and the top of the discharge unit 20, into which the connection pipe 70 connected to the extrusion device 80 is inserted, is exposed. It can be meant comprehensively. For example, with respect to the position of the heating funnel 10 buried in the embedding block 40, the embedding block 40 buries most of the heating funnel 10 around which the first heat source 15 is wound. , the upper part of the heating funnel 10 can be exposed from the inlet forming the upper end of the heating funnel 10 until the level of the winding time when the first heat source 15 begins to be wound. In one embodiment of the present invention, the buried block 40 may provide insulation from the surrounding environment to block heat loss from the first heat source 15 wound on the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel 10. To this end, in one embodiment of the present invention, the embedding block 40 can embed the heating funnel 10 from at least the winding point of the first heat source 15 to the winding end point, for example, heating It can be exposed from the inlet formed at the top of the funnel 10 to the time before the winding of the first heat source 15.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the embedding block 40 buries most of the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20, and includes the inlet forming the upper end of the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20. The fitting end (20b) forming the top can be exposed, and includes the top of the heating funnel (10) for inserting the metal block and the top of the discharge unit (20) for connecting the connection pipe body (70). The upper portions of the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20 can be exposed with sufficient margin. Meanwhile, in one embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the inlet forming the upper end of the heating funnel 10 and the fitting end 20b forming the upper end of the discharge unit 20, the upper part of the buried block 40 has a heating funnel. The electrical contact point 15a of the first heat source 15 surrounding the outer peripheral surface of (10) may be exposed, and the electrical contact point 15a of the first heat source 15 may be electrically connected to other surrounding components. It may protrude to the highest level, for example higher than the fitting end 20b of the inlet and discharge unit 20 of the heating funnel 10 along the height direction Z1, so that interference can be blocked. It can protrude up to

In one embodiment of the present invention, the embedding block 40 can embed the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20 together with the first heat source 15, and the heating funnel 10 ) and the discharge unit 20 together, the embedding block 40 is formed from the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a that form the bottom of the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20, respectively. , It can be connected to a heating chamber 50 to accommodate the stage S on which the second materials M1 and M2 are accumulated and to provide a slow cooling space 50' of the sculpture formed by supporting the stage S. there is. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the buried block 40 and the heating chamber 50 are connected to a slow cooling space 50 in which the stage S is received from the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a. `) can be connected vertically through a discharge hole (40``) to allow the flow of the first and second materials (M1, M2).

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first and second materials M1 and M2 discharged from the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20 embedded in the embedding block 40 are stored in the heating chamber 50. It can be accumulated on the stage (S) disposed in the slow cooling space (50'), and in this way, the embedding block (40) and the heating chamber (50) allow the flow of the first and second materials (M1, M2). can be fluidly connected to each other to allow. Through this specification, the embedded block 40 and the heating chamber 50 are fluidly connected to each other, meaning that the first and second heat from the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20 embedded in the embedded block 40 This may mean that the material (M1, M2) can accumulate on the stage (S) disposed in the heating chamber (50), in this sense, the embedding block (40) and the heating chamber (50) are in fluid contact with each other. Being connected means that the inner space of the heating funnel 10 embedded in the embedding block 40 (the inner space of the heating funnel 10 in which the second material M2 is accommodated) and the inner space of the discharge unit 20 (the first material M1 is The internal space of the discharge unit 20 accommodated is connected to the slow cooling space 50' of the heating chamber 50, the slow cooling space 50' where stage S is accommodated, and the internal space of these heating funnels 10, the discharge unit 20 This may mean that the internal space of and the slow cooling space 50' of the heating chamber 50 form one connected space.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the slow cooling space 50' of the heating chamber 50, which provides a support base for the sculpture, can be sealed through assembly of the embedding block 40 and the heating chamber 50. At this time, the slow cooling space 50' of the heating chamber 50 is sealed through the assembly of the embedding block 40 and the heating chamber 50, meaning that the embedding block 40 and the heating chamber 50 have a fluid flow with each other. They can be connected to each other to form one space, and one space formed in this way, for example, the inner space of the heating funnel 10 in which the second material (M2) is accommodated, the discharge in which the first material (M1) is accommodated The internal space of the unit 20 and the slow cooling space 50' of the heating chamber 50 where the stage S is disposed form a single space fluidly connected to each other, and an embedded block ( This may mean that one space is sealed as the 40) and the heating chamber 50 are assembled together. In one embodiment of the present invention, a sealing cover 1 that seals the inlet of the heating funnel 10 may be disposed on the inlet of the heating funnel 10 exposed at the top of the buried block 40, for example For example, heating from the inner space of the heating funnel 10 according to the pressure of the gas RG filled in the inner space of the heating funnel 10 sealed by the sealing cover 1 that seals the inner space of the heating funnel 10. The flow rate (volume passing through the cross-sectional area per unit time) or discharge speed of the second material M2 discharged from the second discharge nozzle 20a forming the bottom of the funnel 10 may be controlled. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, a metal flow molten from a metal block is provided in the inner space of the heating funnel 10, and a gas (RG) that exerts a predetermined pressure on the liquid level of the metal flow, e.g. For example, gas RG containing air may be filled, and in one embodiment of the present invention, the pressure of the gas RG is adjusted or decreased to control the second discharge nozzle 20a that forms the bottom of the heating funnel 10. It is possible to control the flow rate (volume passing through the cross-sectional area per unit time) or discharge speed of the second material (M2) discharged from ). For example, the gas RG filled in the inner space of the heating funnel 10 may contain a rare gas, and may prevent oxidation of the metal flow formed in the inner space of the heating funnel 10 and increase the flow rate of the metal flow. rate (volume passing through the cross-sectional area per unit time) or discharge speed can be controlled. As such, in one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid second material (M2) passes through a flow rate (cross-sectional area per unit time) from the pressure of the gas (RG) filled in the inner space of the heating funnel (10). Volume) or discharge speed can be controlled, and the first material (M1) in the paste or slurry phase is determined by the flow rate from the rotation speed of the rotary screw (85) rotated inside the transfer pipe (83) of the extrusion device (80). rate, volume passing through the cross-sectional area per unit time) or discharge speed can be controlled. In this way, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first and second materials M1 and M2, which form the outlines of different sculptures and the sculpture itself in different materials, are adjusted to each flow rate (M1, M2) through different control mechanisms. The flow rate (volume passing through the cross-sectional area per unit time) or discharge rate can be controlled.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the buried block 40 and the heating chamber 50 may form one space fluidly connected to each other, for example, the buried block 40 and the heating chamber 50 A space can be sealed from the assembly of. In one embodiment of the present invention, the internal space of the heating funnel 10 is set to a second temperature (T2) above the melting point of the metal block, and the first temperature (T1) is set to a first temperature (T1) lower than the melting point of the metal block and higher than room temperature. First and second materials (M1) discharged from the internal space of the discharge unit 20 and the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a forming the heating funnel 10 and the lower end of the discharge unit 20. , The slow cooling space 50' in which the stage S on which M2) is accumulated can form a space connected to each other to allow the flow of the first and second materials M1 and M2, and the embedded block ( Through assembly between the heating chamber 40) and the heating chamber 50, one space connected to each other can be insulated from the outside. For example, the buried block 40 and the heating chamber 50 may form a sealing connection to each other through a stepped interface (stepped assembly part ST1) to block communication of internal heat or external cold air. In one embodiment of the present invention, different first and second heat sources 15 and 55 are provided to the buried block 40 and the heating chamber 50, which form a sealing connection with each other, for example, operated independently of each other. By installing the first and second heat sources 15 and 55, the second temperature T2 of the heating funnel 10 embedded in the embedding block 40 and the first temperature T1 of the discharge unit 20 and , the temperature profile of the slow cooling temperature of the sculpture formed on the stage (S) or the third temperature (T3) for slow cooling is controlled independently from each other, and fluid flow is used with each other for the discharge of the first and second materials (M1, M2). The buried block 40 and the heating chamber 50 have a stepped interface between them to airtightly seal and insulate the space formed by the buried block 40 and the heating chamber 50 connected to the surrounding environment. A sealing connection to each other can be formed through the assembly parts ST1 and ST2). Through the present specification, heating embedded in a space formed by the embedding block 40 and the heating chamber 50 through assembly of the embedding block 40 and the heating chamber 50, for example, within the embedding block 40 The inner space of the funnel 10, the inner space of the discharge unit 20, and the slow cooling space 50' inside the heating chamber 50 are sealed as one space fluidly connected to each other, or heat and cold from the surrounding environment. Insulating to block the inflow and outflow of the heating funnel 10, for example, is premised on the premise that the inlet of the heating funnel 10 exposed at the top of the buried block 40 is sealed. In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating funnel 10 ) A sealing cover (1) may be placed on the inlet. Meanwhile, the connection pipe 70 connected to the discharge port 80a of the extrusion device 80 is inserted into the fitting end 20b of the discharge unit 20 exposed at the top of the embedding block 40, so that the embedding block 40 ) is exposed to the top of the embedding block 40 so that the inflow and outflow of internal heat or external cold air is blocked through the inlet of the heating funnel 10 and the fitting end 20b of the discharge unit 20. The inlet of the heating funnel 10 and the fitting end 20b of the discharge unit 20 can be insulated from the surrounding environment.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the assembly of the buried block 40 and the heating chamber 50 may include a sealing engagement between the buried block 40 and the heating chamber 50, and in one embodiment of the present invention In, the buried block 40 and the heating chamber 50 may form a sealing connection to each other through a stepped interface (assembly parts ST1 and ST2). More specifically, the buried block 40 may include an assembly portion (ST1) with the heating chamber 50 formed on the bottom wall of the buried block 40 and the lower block 42 that define the upper part of the heating chamber 50. The heating chamber 50 may include a partition wall 50a disposed to contact the step surface of the assembly part ST1. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the buried block 40 includes an upper block 41 formed at a relatively high height to bury most of the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20. It may include a lower block 42 formed with an area expanded from 41, and an assembly part ST1 for sealing coupling with the heating chamber 50 may be formed at the bottom of the lower block 42. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the assembly portion (ST1) may include a step surface formed along the edge of the lower block 42, and is heated to contact the step surface of the assembly portion (ST1). As the partition wall 50a of the chamber 50 is assembled upright, a slow cooling space 50′ surrounded by the lower block 42 of the buried block 40 and the partition wall 50a of the heating chamber 50 is formed. It can be. A second heat source 55 may be formed on the partition wall 50a of the heating chamber 50 forming the slow cooling space 50'. The second heat source 55 is accommodated in the receiving channel 50``` of the partition wall 50a forming the slow cooling space 50`, and is formed to surround the stage S providing a support base for the sculpture. The cooling rate of the first and second materials M1 and M2 accumulated on the stage S from the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a can be controlled. More specifically, in one embodiment of the present invention, a solid sculpture can be formed by cooling the liquid metal flow filled in the filling space (FS) surrounded by the outline of the sculpture formed of the first material (M1), wherein the sculpture Since thermal stress may accumulate locally due to deviations in the cooling rate of the self-forming liquid metal flow, the falling temperature profile per hour (temperature profile of the third temperature T3) is gently controlled to induce uniform cooling. This can be done, and the second heat source 55 adjusts the temperature of the slow cooling space 50' that accommodates the stage S on which the first and second materials M1 and M2 are accumulated so that the heat treatment effect of annealing can be achieved. The temperature (third temperature T3) of the slow cooling space 50' can be controlled. In one embodiment of the present invention, the second heat source 55 has a gentle profile per hour of cooling of the second material (M2) filling the filling space (FS) surrounded by the outline of the sculpture formed of the first material (M1). The cooling rate of the liquid second material (M2) can be controlled to follow the (temperature profile of the third temperature (T3)), and the stage (S) where the first and second materials (M1, M2) are discharged together ) by controlling the temperature (third temperature (T3)) of the slow cooling space (50') accommodating the relatively low temperature first material (M1) according to the contact between the first and second materials (M1, M2). A slow cooling space that accommodates the stage (S) through which the first and second materials (M1, M2) are discharged together so that the heat treatment effect of quenching does not occur on the second material (M2) in contact with the first material (M1). The third temperature (T3) of (50') can be controlled. In one embodiment of the present invention, the second material (M2) discharged at a second temperature (T2) equal to or higher than the melting point of the metal block may be liquid and have relatively abundant fluidity, but may be in the form of a paste or slurry in which ceramic particles are dispersed. The first material (M1) may have relatively poor fluidity, and for this purpose, the temperature of the first material (M1) or the discharge unit 20 containing the first material (M1) is lower than the second temperature (T2). 1 temperature (T1), which is low enough so that, for example, vaporization or volatilization of the matrix in which the ceramic particles are dispersed (e.g., water H20 as a vehicle to impart fluidity to the ceramic particles) is prevented. Can be set to temperature. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature (T1) of the first material (M1) and the second temperature (T2) of the second material (M2) discharged onto the stage (S) are 2 The relationship of temperature (T2) > first temperature (T1) can be satisfied, and in this case, the first temperature (T1) corresponds to a sufficiently low temperature that the matrix of the first material (M1) is not vaporized or volatilized. The third temperature (T3) of the slow cooling space (50') is a temperature higher than the first temperature (T1) to form the outline of a solid or near-solid sculpture through vaporization or volatilization of the matrix in which the ceramic particles are dispersed. It can be set to . For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first material (M1) discharged onto the stage (S) or the first temperature (T1) of the discharge unit 20 in which the first material (M1) is accommodated, The second material (M2) discharged onto the stage (S) or the second temperature (T2) of the heating funnel (10) in which the second material (M2) is accommodated, and the slow cooling space (50') accommodating the stage (S) ) of the third temperature (T3) may satisfy the relationship of second temperature (T2) > third temperature (T3) > first temperature (T1). In one embodiment of the present invention, the second temperature T2 is a multi-phase 3D printing device including different spaces where different target temperatures (e.g., first to third temperatures T1 to T3) are set. It may correspond to the highest temperature above the melting point of the metal block, and may be maintained constant over time by inputting a target temperature above the melting point of the metal block, and may be maintained at a constant temperature under the control of the first heat source 15. there is. The insulation material of the embedding block 40 is embedded with the first heat source 15 using the first heat source 15 as a heat source and fills the gap between the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a. The first temperature T1 of the discharge unit 20 spaced apart from the heating funnel 10 or the first heat source 15 surrounding the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel 10 with a thermal resistance formed therebetween is also set to a second temperature. Similar to (T2), it can be kept constant over time, for example, the distance between the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) to provide a constant second temperature (T2) and constant thermal resistance. The first temperature T1 of the discharge unit 20 can also be maintained constant over time due to the insulating material of the buried block 40.

In this way, unlike the first and second temperatures T1 and T2 of each heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20, the third temperature T3 of the slow cooling space 50' of the heating chamber 50 can be controlled with a gentle temperature profile over time, and can be controlled over time to follow a preset gentle temperature profile through control of the second heat source, that is, to induce the heat treatment effect of annealing while following a gentle temperature profile. It can be set to a temperature that gradually decreases according to the temperature profile that changes. Accordingly, the third temperature T3 of the slow cooling space 50' of the heating chamber 50 is the first and second temperatures. Unlike (T1, T2), it may correspond to a temperature that changes over time. As described above, the first to third temperatures (T1 to T3) may satisfy the relationship of second temperature (T2) > third temperature (T3) > first temperature (T1), in which case, The third temperature T3 may correspond to the highest temperature in a temperature profile that gradually decreases over time. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the slow cooling space 50' of the heating chamber 50 may be maintained at a constant third temperature T3 during the period in which the discharge of the first material M1 continues. It can be maintained at a relatively high temperature suitable for vaporization or volatilization of the matrix among the first materials (M1) discharged onto the stage (S), and enters a slow cooling section in which the third temperature (T3) is gently lowered. The third temperature (T3) can be gradually lowered. At this time, the third temperature T3 is the section in which the discharge of the first material M1 continues on the stage S (or the discharge of at least one of the first and second materials M1 and M2). During the continuous section), the highest temperature suitable for vaporization or volatilization of the matrix of the first material (M1) is maintained, and then the discharge of the first material (M1) is completed and surrounded by the outline of the sculpture of the first material (M1). After the discharge of the second material M2 filling the filling space FS is completed and the exterior of the sculpture is substantially formed, a slow cooling section in which the third temperature T3 is gradually lowered can be entered. Otherwise, in the section where the discharge of the first and second materials (M1, M2) onto the stage (S) continues, the third part of the slow cooling space (50') of the heating chamber (50) accommodating the stage (S) When lowering the temperature (T3), the gentle temperature profile of slow cooling is contrary to the purpose of inducing uniform cooling inside the sculpture and eliminating thermal stress or residual stress due to deviation in cooling rate, rather than the stage ( S) Depending on the cumulative order of each layer (for example, each layer of the second material M2) discharged onto the sculpture, a deviation in the cooling rate may be induced inside the sculpture and cause thermal stress or residual stress.

The multi-phase 3D printing device according to an embodiment of the present invention may include different spaces controlled by different first to third temperatures (T1 to T3), and the first to third temperatures (T1). ~T3) may have a size relationship as described above, and in this case, the first and second temperatures (T1, T2) may be maintained constant over time, while the third temperature (T3) may be maintained constant over time. It is possible to follow a gentle temperature profile for slow cooling, and at this time, the third temperature (T3), which is compared with the first and second temperatures (T1, T2) that are kept constant, is a gentle temperature profile for slow cooling. It may correspond to the highest temperature (for example, the highest temperature maintained in the section where the discharge of the first and second materials (M1, M2) continues).

As previously described, the embedding block 40 and the heating chamber 50 assembled along the vertical direction Z1 may be fluidly connected to each other to allow discharge of the first and second materials M1 and M2. , More specifically, the buried block 40 and the heating chamber 50 are fluidically connected to each other through a discharge hole 40`` to allow discharge of the first and second materials M1 and M2. The discharge hole 40 `` can be formed in the lower block 42 connected to the upper block 41 that buries most of the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20, and each heating It may include two different discharge holes 40`` connected to the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a forming the bottom of the funnel 10 and the discharge unit.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the buried block 40 includes an upper block 41 formed at a relatively high height to bury most of the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20, and a lower portion of the upper block 41. It may be formed as an expanded area with a relatively low height and include a lower block 42 to cover the slow cooling space 50' of the heating chamber 50. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the upper block 41 and the lower block 42 may be formed in a substantially hexahedral shape, and the upper block 41 and the upper block (41) formed at a relatively high height ( 41) may include a lower block 42 formed as an expanded plate of relatively low height.

Regarding the first material (M1), the first material (M1) may be formed of a paste-like or slurry-like composite material in which solid ceramic particles and a liquid matrix in which the ceramic particles are dispersed are mixed, for example, , the ceramic particles may have a particle size on the μm scale. In one embodiment of the present invention, the ceramic particles may include a mixture of ceramic particles having different sizes, and by mixing ceramic particles of different particle sizes, an appropriate gap is secured between the ceramic particles of different particle sizes. This can provide a space to accommodate the matrix, and the ceramic particles of different particle sizes accumulated on the stage (S) fill the pores, for example, filling the pores between the ceramic particles of relatively large particle diameters by making them relatively small. As ceramic particles of different particle sizes are filled, the first material (M1), which is a mixture of ceramic particles of different particle sizes, has solid shape stability (e.g., the shape of particles of different sizes filling the voids) through vaporization or volatilization of the matrix. It is possible to form the outline of a sculpture with height stability (provided according to the height stability). Meanwhile, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first material M1 may include water (H2O) as a matrix that accommodates the solid ceramic particles and the dispersed ceramic particles. In one embodiment of the present invention, the matrix may include dispersed ceramic particles and provide fluidity to the ceramic particles. This first material (M1) may be less fluid than the second material (M2), which is formed as a paste or slurry with dispersed ceramic particles and is formed as a liquid metal or metal flow, and has different material phases. The first material (M1) is discharged using extrusion to form a homogeneous mixture (or dispersed at a homogeneous concentration) between the ceramic particles (solid phase) and the matrix (liquid or gel phase) accommodated by the ceramic particles. The first material (M1) can be forcibly transported through the discharge unit 20 including the first discharge nozzle 10a at the bottom and the connection pipe 70 connected to the fitting end 20b of the discharge unit 20. there is.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a low melting point metal is used as a raw material (second raw material) of the second material (M2) in the heating funnel (10) connected to the second discharge nozzle (20a) through which the second material (M2) is discharged. By inserting the block and heating the heating funnel 10 above the melting point of the metal block, a liquid metal flow forming the second material M2 can be formed. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the low melting point metal block as the raw material (second raw material) of the second material (M2) may be formed into a disk shape with a low height and slimmed down size. The longest dimension of the melting point metal block may correspond to the diameter of the disk, and the diameter of the low melting point metal block may be approximately 50 mm. In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating funnel 10 that discharges the metal flow by taking the low-melting-point metal block as input may be formed in a substantially Y-shaped funnel shape, and the low-melting-point metal block is input. The inner diameter of the second discharge nozzle 20a through which the metal flow is discharged may be formed to be smaller than the inner diameter of the inlet into which the low-melting point metal block is injected. In other words, the inner diameter of the inlet into which the low-melting point metal block is injected is that of the low-melting point metal block. It can be formed in a size larger than the longest dimension. In contrast, the inner diameter of the second discharge nozzle (20a) through which the metal flow formed by melting the low-melting point metal block in the heating funnel 10 is discharged is the low-melting point metal block. It can be formed in a size smaller than the longest dimension. More specifically, the longest dimension of the low melting point metal block may correspond to the diameter of the disk in the disk shape of the low melting point metal block, and when the diameter of the disk is formed to be approximately 50 mm, in one embodiment of the present invention, 2 The inner diameter of the discharge nozzle 20a may be 0.1 mm to 4 mm, which is smaller than 50 mm, which is the diameter of the solid disk, for example, 1 mm to 2 mm.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a may be fixed in position while being embedded in a single embedding block 40 with a predetermined distance between them. The first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a can be positioned adjacent to each other through the buried block 40. For example, the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20, respectively including first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a at the bottom facing the stage S, are located within the embedding block 40. The heating funnel 10 may be arranged to maintain a constant distance from each other, for example, the heating funnel 10 may be formed in a Y-shaped funnel shape to maintain a constant distance from each other at different levels along the height direction Z1, The discharge unit 20 may extend along a diagonal direction that simultaneously follows the height direction (Z1) and the radial directions (Z2, Z3) so as to be parallel to the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel (10). For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20 extend along a diagonal direction that simultaneously follows the height direction (Z1) and the radial direction (Z2, Z3). , first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a at the bottom extending vertically along the height direction Z1 toward the stage S may be formed. For example, the heating funnel 10 may form a deformation point of the bottleneck to which the first discharge nozzle 10a is connected, and the discharge unit 20 may form a bent point to which the second discharge nozzle 20a is connected. A deformation point can be formed.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the gap g between the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a secured from the buried block 40 may be about 3 mm to 50 mm, for example, the first , the gap g between the second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a may be approximately 25 mm. As will be described later, in one embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a secured from the buried block 40 is the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a. ) Depending on the driving mode, for example, unlike the driving mode in which the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) are operated in a temporal sequential relationship, the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) are operated simultaneously. In the operating mode, the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) are discharged in accordance with the gap between the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) by the liquid metal flow of the second material (M2) discharged from the second discharge nozzle (20a). 2 The gap formed between the discharge positions (P1, P2) of the first and second materials (M1, M2) discharged from the discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) may be filled, for example, the second material (M2) The gap between the first and second discharge positions (P1, P2) will be filled from the metal flow of the second material (M2) flowing from the discharge position (P2) toward the discharge position (P1) of the first material (M1). You can. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first and second materials M1 and M2, respectively forming the outline of the sculpture and the sculpture itself, are simultaneously operated by the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a. Accordingly, unlike the first material (M1), which is discharged together on the stage (S) and has poor fluidity, the second material (M2), which has relatively rich fluidity, is discharged from the discharge position (P2) of the second material (M2). The material (M1) can flow toward the discharge position (P1), filling the filling space (FS) surrounded by the outline of the sculpture formed from the first material (M1) and creating an empty space (void) inside the sculpture. may not be formed. In this way, in the driving mode in which the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a are operated simultaneously, the first and second materials M1 and M2 discharged together from the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a are Contact can be formed by touching each other, and accordingly, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) at the bottom through which the first and second materials (M1, M2) are discharged. ) through the embedding block 40 that embeds the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20, and together with the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20, the first heat source 15 In addition, the first and second temperatures (T1, T2) of each of the first and second materials (M1, M2) can be controlled through the embedding block 40. In other words, the first and second temperatures T1 and T2, which are higher than room temperature but different from each other, are generated from the operation of the first heat source 15 and the insulation material of the embedded block 40 interposed between the heating funnel 10 and the discharge nozzle. It can be controlled (prevention of rapid cooling of the second material M2 due to contact between the first and second materials M1 and M2).

For example, in a driving mode in which the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a are operated simultaneously, the gap g between the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a is the second discharge nozzle 20a. ) of the second material (M2) discharged from (e.g., the viscosity or viscosity of the second material M2 that determines the fluidity) and the flow rate of the second material (M2) (e.g., the second material (e.g., the viscosity or viscosity of the second material M2 that determines the flow rate) It may be determined according to the flow characteristics of the second material (M2), such as the inner diameter of the discharge nozzle 20a or the pressure of the second discharge nozzle 20a. For example, as the fluidity of the second material (M2) increases, and the second material (M2) increases. As the flow rate of the material M2 increases, the gap g between the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a may be designed to increase, and the gap g between the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a may be designed to increase. Even if the gap (g) increases slightly, the first and second materials (M1, M2) corresponding to the gap (g) between the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) based on relatively high fluidity and flow rate. The gap between the discharge positions (P1, P2) can be sufficiently filled. Conversely, as the fluidity of the second material (M2) decreases and the flow rate of the second material (M2) decreases, the gap (g) between the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) can be designed to decrease. , despite the relatively low fluidity and flow rate of the second material (M2), the first and second materials (M1, M2) corresponding to the gap (g) between the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) The gap g between the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a can be formed sufficiently narrow so that the gap between the discharge positions P1 and P2 can be sufficiently filled.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the fluidity of the second material (M2) can be controlled from the first heat source (15) for forming the liquid second material (M2) using a metal block as an input, 2 The flow rate of the material (M2) is determined by the pressure of the gas (RG) injected into the inlet of the heating funnel (10) including the second discharge nozzle (20a) at the bottom where the second material (M2) is discharged or the pressure of the inlet. 2 It can be controlled according to the pressure of the gas (RG) applied to the liquid surface of the material (M2). For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, a sealing cover 1 may be placed on the inlet of the heating funnel 10, and a space between the sealing cover 1 and the liquid level of the second material M2 filled in the inlet may be placed. Gas (RG) may be injected to block oxidation of the second material (M2). And, by controlling the pressure of the gas RG that pressurizes the liquid surface of the second material M2 toward the second discharge nozzle 20a, the flow rate of the second material M2 discharged from the second discharge nozzle 20a can be controlled.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) are formed from the gap (g) between the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) to prevent empty spaces (voids) of the sculpture to be molded. It may be required to fill the gap between the discharge positions (P1, P2) of the two materials (M1, M2), and from the fluidity and flow rate of the second material (M2) discharged from the second discharge nozzle (20a), the first, The gap (g) between the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) can be designed to be sufficiently narrow to fill the gap between the discharge positions (P1, P2) of the second materials (M1, M2). .

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a are discharged from the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a onto the stage S, respectively, using the sliced section data of the three-dimensional object to be molded as input. 2 Maximum maximum for translationally driving the stage S along a two-dimensional plane to control the first and second discharge positions P1 and P2 of the materials M1 and M2 to the respective first and second target positions. For the purpose of reducing the stroke, the gap between the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a may be designed to be sufficiently narrow. In one embodiment of the present invention, the first discharge positions (P1, P2) of the first material (M1) for forming the outline of the sculpture on the stage (S) to form the same sculpture, and the first discharge positions (P1, P2) for forming the sculpture itself The second discharge positions (P1, P2) of the second material (M2) can be controlled to the same first and second target positions, respectively, and the gap (g) between the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) As this increases, the stroke of the stage S for controlling the first and second discharge positions P1 and P2 to the same first and second target positions, respectively, may increase. In other words, as the gap g between the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a increases, the stroke of the stage S required for manufacturing the same sculpture needs to be expanded to a wide span, As the gap g between the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a decreases, the stroke of the stage S required for manufacturing the same sculpture can be reduced to a narrow span, in other words, the stroke of the stage S required for manufacturing the same sculpture can be reduced to a narrow span. For the stroke of the stage (S) of the span, a larger volume sculpture can be produced. For example, the fact that the stroke of the stage (S) is extended to a wide span means that, for example, each of the second and third actuators (A2 and A3) for translationally driving the stage (S) on a two-dimensional plane This may mean that the driving width or span needs to be expanded, and also that the size of the slow cooling space 50' that accommodates the stage S needs to be expanded wider, resulting in a sculpture of the same size. This may mean that the cost of the printing device will increase while having the same manufacturing capability. For example, when the spacing (g) between the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) is designed to be different from each other, the second discharge nozzle (20a) is moved to the target position where the first discharge nozzle (10a) is located. The transfer amount of the stage (S) required to move or to move the target position on the stage (S) facing the first discharge nozzle (10a) to a position facing the second discharge nozzle (20a) is: The narrower the gap between the second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a, the further it can be shortened (see FIG. 14).

In one embodiment of the present invention, the gap (g) between the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) is filled according to the gap (g) between the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a). The thermal resistance formed from the insulating material of the embedded block 40 may change, and accordingly, the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a at the bottom through which the first and second materials M1 and M2 are discharged. ) may affect the temperature difference between the first and second temperatures (T1, T2) of the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20 including. For example, the second temperature T2 of the heating funnel 10 may be controlled directly from the first heat source 15 surrounding the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel 10, but the first temperature of the discharge unit 20 ( T1) can be indirectly controlled depending on the distance from the heating funnel 10 or the distance from the first heat source 15 surrounding the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel 10, and the heating funnels 10 extending parallel to each other Depending on the distance between the discharge unit 20 and the distance between each heating funnel 10 and the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a forming the lower end of the discharge unit 20, the discharge unit 20 ) of the first temperature (T1) can be controlled. In one embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature (T1) of the discharge unit 20 from which the first material (M1) is discharged is capable of suppressing vaporization or volatilization of the matrix included in the first material (M1). It can be formed at a sufficiently low temperature, but high enough to not rapidly cool the second material (M2), which forms the sculpture itself while in contact with the first material (M1) that forms the outline of the sculpture on the stage (S). In order to control the first temperature (T1) of the first material (M1) to an appropriate level, the gap (g) between the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) can be designed appropriately. . For example, the spacing between the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a varies from different perspectives as follows, for example, 1) the stroke of the stage S for forming the same sculpture Designing the gap (g) between the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) to be sufficiently narrow to shorten it, and as a compromise, 2) a buried block that buries between the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) The first and second discharge nozzles 10a, 20a) The gap (g) between them can be made sufficiently wide (suppressing evaporation or volatilization of the matrix due to an excessively high first temperature T1).

In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating funnel 10, which discharges the liquid metal flow by taking the solid metal block as input, has a second inner diameter through which the liquid metal flow is discharged that is larger than the inner diameter of the inlet into which the solid metal block is input. The inner diameter of the discharge nozzle 20a may be formed in an approximately Y-shaped funnel shape with a smaller size. In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating funnel 10 is formed in a Y-shaped funnel shape, meaning that the second discharge nozzle 20a forms the lower end of the heating funnel 10 from the inlet forming the upper end of the heating funnel 10. ), and it may mean that it has a funnel shape with a circular ring-shaped cross-section from the inlet at the top to the second discharge nozzle 20a at the bottom. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the second discharge nozzle 20a may discharge the second material M2 through a circular cross-sectional area in which the inner diameter can be defined. For example, the heating funnel 10 is formed in a shape in which the inner diameter gradually decreases along the height direction Z1 from the inlet at the top until it reaches the second discharge nozzle 20a at the bottom. The second discharge nozzle 20a may be formed to have a constant inner diameter while forming a bottleneck with a minimum inner diameter at (20a).

In one embodiment of the present invention, a first heat source 15 for heating the metal block inserted into the heating funnel 10 to a melting point or higher may be wound around the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel 10. In one embodiment of the present invention, the first heat source 15 wound on the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel 10 can form the highest second temperature T2 above the melting point of the metal block, and the heating funnel 10 ) The second heat source 55 formed in the heating chamber 50 accommodating the stage (S) through which the second material (M2) is discharged forms a third temperature (T3) lower than the second temperature (T2). You can. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the second temperature (T2) may be set to be higher than the melting point of the metal block, and the third temperature (T3) may be lower than the second temperature (T2) and form a paste phase. Alternatively, the temperature may be set to a high enough level to enable vaporization or volatilization of the matrix containing the plurality of ceramic particles dispersed to form the first material M1 on the slurry. And, the first temperature (T1) of the discharge unit 20 containing the first material (M1) is lower than the second temperature (T2) and the third temperature (T3), and is higher than room temperature, but the first material (M1) is lower than the second temperature (T2) and the third temperature (T3). The temperature may be set to a low level to suppress evaporation or volatilization of the matrix that provides the fluidity of M1), for example, evaporation or volatilization of the matrix from the first material (M1) accumulated on the stage (S). The temperature may be maintained lower than the third temperature T3 in the heating chamber 50, which can induce volatilization.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating funnel 10 may be formed of a ceramic series having electrical insulation, thermal insulation, and fire resistance. The first heat source 15 may be formed in a form wound along the outer circumferential surface of the heating funnel 10, or may be formed in a form continuously wound along the outer circumferential surface of the heating funnel 10 along a spiral shape. For example, the first heat source 15 may be provided as a heat wire wound along the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel 10. In one embodiment of the present invention, the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel 10 and/or the embedded block 40 facing the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel 10 is configured to accommodate a heating wire forming the first heat source 15. A concave receiving channel 40' may be formed, and the concave receiving channel 40' may be formed continuously in a spiral shape along the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel 10. In one embodiment of the present invention, the first heat source 15 may be provided as a heating wire wound along the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel 10, and is wound along the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel 10 having electrical insulation. , it is possible to prevent the flow of metal flow contained in the heating funnel 10 from being disturbed by the current of the heating wire or the electromagnetic force induced from the current. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the heating funnel 10 includes the inner space of the heating funnel 10 filled with the second material M2 and the heating funnel 10 around which the first heat source 15 is wound. ) By forming electrical insulation between the outer circumferential surface of the heating funnel 10, the electromagnetic influence between the flow of the metal flow filled in the inner space of the heating funnel 10 and the heating wire wound on the outer circumferential surface of the heating funnel 10, for example, metal It can provide insulation to exclude electromagnetic influences that could disrupt the flow.

The first heat source 15 may be connected to a first switch to control the temperature (second temperature T2) of the internal space of the heating funnel 10, and the heating wire may be operated through on/off control of the first switch. By turning on/off, the temperature of the internal space of the heating funnel 10 can be set to a second temperature (T2) above the melting point of the metal block. For example, a direct current (constant current) of a certain magnitude may flow through the first heat source 15 according to switch on/off control, and the on/off control of the constant magnitude direct current may cause the constant magnitude of the direct current to be interrupted. In order to form an electromagnetic force through the flow of alternating current and induce an intermittent flow of the second discharge nozzle 20a forming the bottom of the heating funnel 10, for example, in the form of a droplet. In order to induce dripping, the configuration of the conductor to which alternating current is applied may be different.

Similar to the heating funnel 10, the buried block 40 may be formed of a ceramic series having electrical insulation, thermal insulation, and fire resistance. The embedding block 40 may be formed in a substantially hexahedral shape, and the embedding block 40 formed in a hexahedral shape has an upper portion formed at a relatively high height to bury most of the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20. It may include a block 41 and a lower block 42 formed in the shape of a plate with an area expanded from the upper block 41. In addition, a discharge unit ( An extrusion device 80 connected to the discharge unit 20 via a connecting pipe 70 may be disposed between the fitting end 20b of the 20).

The lower block 42 may form a slow cooling space 50' together with the partition wall 50a of the heating chamber 50, and more specifically, may define the upper part of the slow cooling space 50'. For example, a stepped assembly part ST1 may be formed on the four edges of the lower block 42 to form a stepped interface with the partition wall 50 of the heating chamber 50 and to be coupled to the partition wall 50 of the heating chamber 50 . For example, when the upper edge of the partition wall 50a of the heating chamber 50 is assembled to come into contact with the stepped assembly part ST1 of the lower block 42, the heating chamber 50 and the lower block 42 A sealing bond may be formed between them through a stepped interface. Meanwhile, in one embodiment of the present invention, the heating chamber 50 may include a total of four partition walls 50a arranged to face each other along different second and third directions Z2 and Z3, respectively. , a sealing connection can be formed between the partition walls 50a that are assembled to each other to form a corner while contacting each other, forming a stepped interface with each other through the stepped assembly part ST2.

The heating chamber 50 may be formed of a ceramic series having electrical insulation, thermal insulation, and fire resistance. The heating chamber 50 may be formed in a substantially hexahedral shape, and the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a are discharged from the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a in the slow cooling space 50' of the heating chamber 50 formed in a hexahedron shape. , the stage (S) on which the second materials (M1, M2) are accumulated can be accommodated. The heating chamber 50 may include four partition walls 50a surrounding the outer periphery of the slow cooling space 50', and the four partition walls 50a forming the heating chamber 50 may include the slow cooling space 50'. ) can form a heating chamber 50 that provides a slow cooling space 50' by being assembled to come into contact with the assembly part ST1 of the lower block 42 defining the upper part of the block 42. The heating chamber 50 may further include a bottom wall 50b that defines the lower part of the slow cooling space 50' while providing an assembly position where the four partition walls 50a are seated. An opening 50`` is formed on the bottom wall 50b of the heating chamber 50 to allow power connection between the stage S and the actuator A, first to third actuators A1 to A3, , the connecting rod 100, which provides a power connection between the stage S and the actuator A that provides driving power to the stage S, penetrates through the opening 50``, thereby connecting the stage S and the actuator ( A) They can be connected to each other for power.

The connecting rod 100, which provides a power connection between the stage (S) and the actuator (A, first to third actuators A1 to A3), follows both the rising and falling movement of the actuator (A) and the translational movement on a two-dimensional plane. Three-dimensional movement of the stage (S) can be generated. At this time, the link structure (L) connected to the bellows cover (ZC) is a guide block (GB, for example, third actuator A3) that is raised and lowered according to the driving of the actuator (A, first to third actuators A1 to A3). The distance between the guide block GB) and the bellows cover ZC that is applied on the bottom wall 50b of the heating chamber 50 and seals the opening 50`` of the bottom wall 50b is adaptively adjusted. While expanding and contracting, the opening (50``) of the bottom wall (50b) is always sealed regardless of the driving of the actuator (A, first to third actuators A1 to A3), thereby blocking the inflow and outflow of internal heat and external cold air. .

The opening (50``) formed in the bottom wall (50b) of the heating chamber (50) can be sealed regardless of the raising and lowering drive of the actuator (A) by the bellows cover (ZC) that covers the opening (50``). It extends in parallel with the connecting rod 100 connecting the actuator (A, for example, the guide block GB of the third actuator A3) and the stage (S), and the actuator (A, for example, the third actuator A3) The bellows cover (ZC) connected to the link structure (L) that adaptively expands and contracts between the guide block (GB) of and the bottom wall (50b) of the heating chamber (50) opens ( 50``) can be sealed.

Although not shown in the drawing, the discharge unit 20 embedded in the embedding block 40 along with the heating funnel 10 may be formed of different materials, for example, a metal material. It may be formed of different materials, including a core portion that forms the exterior of the unit 20 and a ceramic-based shell portion surrounding the core portion. In one embodiment of the present invention, the core portion of the metal material forms the skeleton of the discharge unit 20, and can form a smooth surface (or inner diameter) for discharging the first material M1, and has excellent It can be formed of a metal material such as stainless steel with moldability, and the shell portion surrounding the core part of the metal material can be formed of a ceramic series with electrical insulation, thermal insulation, and fire resistance. In one embodiment of the present invention, the discharge unit 20 forms the core portion of the discharge unit 20 with a metal material to transfer heat or heat from the first heat source 15 surrounding the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel 10. Depending on the delivery, the temperature of the discharge unit 20 can be set to a first temperature (T1) higher than room temperature, and a ceramic-based shell portion surrounding the outside of the core portion is formed, together with the heating funnel 10, By forming the discharge unit 20 and the buried block 40 of the same or similar ceramic series, close contact can be formed between them, and the problem of separation of dissimilar materials due to different material properties is fundamentally eliminated. can do. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the heating funnel 10 and the discharge unit 20, which are embedded together in the embedding block 40, are formed of the same or similar ceramic series as the embedding block 40, Separation problems between heterogeneous materials with different material properties can be prevented. Similarly, the embedded block 40 and the heating chamber 50, which together form the slow cooling space 50' of the heating chamber 50 through close contact with each other, are also formed of the same or similar ceramic series, thereby ensuring close contact between them. Through contact, the inflow and outflow of heat and cold air between the inside and outside of the slow cooling space 50' can be blocked.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the buried block 40 and the heating chamber 50 may be formed in a hexahedral shape to form a tight coupling with each other. In various embodiments of the present invention, the buried block 40 and the heating chamber 50 may be formed in various polygonal or rounded shapes other than a hexahedron. In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating chamber 50 may accommodate a stage (S) that provides a support base for the sculpture, and may provide a location where the sculpture formed on the stage (S) is cooled. In one embodiment of the present invention, a metal flow is formed from the heating and melting of a low melting point metal block as the second material (M2) forming the sculpture itself, and the metal flow thus formed is applied to the outline of the sculpture of the first material (M1). The sculpture can be formed by filling the filling space (FS) surrounded by the solid phase by cooling, or more specifically, slow cooling, the liquid metal flow filled in the filling space (FS) surrounded by the outline of the first material (M1). A sculpture can be formed. In this way, by cooling the liquid metal flow to form a solid sculpture, internal defects such as empty spaces (voids) inside the sculpture can be removed, for example, the second material (M2) that forms the sculpture itself. As a result, the second material (M2) in the form of paste or slurry, which is formed by mixing metal powder, a vehicle to provide fluidity, and a binder to control viscosity, is discharged onto the stage (S) to form the appearance of the sculpture, and then Compared to the comparative example in which a solid sculpture is completed through sintering the second material (M2) in the paste or slurry phase through laser irradiation, it is possible to form a sculpture with reduced internal defects such as empty spaces (voids). there is.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the filling space (FS) surrounded by the first material (M1) forming the outline of the sculpture is filled with a liquid metal flow and the liquid metal flow is cooled to form a solid sculpture, thereby forming an empty space. It is possible to form a sculpture with reduced internal defects such as voids, and the third temperature (T3) of the slow cooling space (50') can be controlled to control the cooling rate of the sculpture formed from the liquid metal flow. By allowing cooling of the sculpture within the heating chamber 50, slow cooling of the sculpture can be induced, and in particular, the slow cooling space 50' of the heating chamber 50 where the stage S, which provides a support base for the sculpture, is accommodated. By controlling the third temperature (T3) of the sculpture, the cooling rate of the sculpture can be controlled through this, and by cooling the sculpture at a relatively low cooling rate at which annealing heat treatment can be performed, the inside of the sculpture can be cooled according to the cooling deviation depending on the position of the sculpture. It can relieve residual stress, such as thermal stress, that may accumulate in the . For example, the cooling rate at which annealing heat treatment is performed may have a relatively gentle slope in the profile of the temperature falling per hour. In contrast, the cooling rate at which quenching heat treatment is performed is the temperature falling per hour. This may mean that the profile of has a steep slope. Unlike in the present invention, if the cooling rate of the sculpture is not controlled, for example, the cooling of the sculpture is not slowly cooled with a gentle temperature profile, but is rapidly cooled, for example, as in the case where the cooling of the sculpture is performed at room temperature. Alternatively, if the sculpture is cooled rapidly with a rapid temperature profile, quenching heat treatment is performed rather than annealing heat treatment, so thermal stress or residual stress may be induced from local temperature deviations inside the sculpture, and quenching heat treatment may occur. As a result of heat treatment, it becomes very brittle and can be easily broken or damaged by external shock. In one embodiment of the present invention, a solid sculpture is formed through slow cooling of the sculpture, and the cooling rate of the sculpture is controlled to a gentle temperature profile at which annealing heat treatment can be performed, so that the sculpture is relatively uniform without causing temperature deviation inside the sculpture. It can be cooled to a certain temperature, and therefore, it may not cause residual stress such as thermal stress, and can provide toughness that is strong against external shock, so it is possible to form a sculpture with excellent impact resistance.

In one embodiment of the present invention, slow cooling is performed with a gentle temperature profile in which annealing heat treatment is performed, and for this purpose, the temperature (third temperature T3) of the internal space of the heating chamber 50 accommodating the stage S on which cooling is performed ) can be controlled. In one embodiment of the present invention, a second heat source 55 may be installed in the heating chamber 50, and the sculpture can be slowly cooled at a controlled cooling rate through operation of the second heat source 55. there is. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first heat source 15 and the second heat source 55 may be operated at or near the same time, such that the heating funnel 10 from the first heat source 15 ) can be heated and maintained at a high temperature above the melting point of the metal block (corresponding to the second temperature T2), and the liquid metal flow discharged from the heating funnel 10 from the second heat source 55 can be maintained at a gentle temperature. It can be cooled slowly depending on the profile. For example, in various embodiments of the present invention, the first and second heat sources 15 and 55 may be operated in a sequential relationship in time, but, for example, the molten material from the first heat source 15 2 The first and second heat sources 15 and 55 are operated at the same time or almost simultaneously so that the temperature control (temperature control for the third temperature T3) of the slow cooling space 50 ′ accommodating the metal flow of the material M2 is not delayed. Operation or operation may be initiated, and rapid cooling of the second material (M2) discharged onto the stage (S) accommodated in the slow cooling space (50') is prevented, and the matrix of the first material (M1) is prevented from vaporizing or volatilizing. To provide a suitable temperature environment, the first and second heat sources 15 and 55 may be operated simultaneously. However, the first and second heat sources 15 and 55 each have different target set temperatures. For example, the first heat source 15 has a constant temperature of the second temperature T2 above the melting point of the metal block. However, since the second heat source 55 can be controlled to target the third temperature T3, which fluctuates along a gentle temperature profile per hour to control the cooling rate of the sculpture, the present invention In one embodiment, the first and second heat sources 15 and 55 may be driven independently from each other.

The second heat source 55 operates separately from the first heat source 15 to cool the internal temperature of the heating chamber 50 at a slow cooling rate suitable for annealing heat treatment. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first heat source 15 and the second heat source 55 may be connected to separate first and second switches and controlled on/off, respectively, and each setting PID control is performed on the first heat source 15 and the second heat source 55 using the temperature calculated from the constant second temperature T2 or the set cooling rate (time-varying third temperature T3) as the target temperature value. It can be.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a solid sculpture can be formed by discharging a metal-flowing second material (M2) and slowly cooling the second material (M2) accumulated on the stage (S), and the sculpture itself. The first heat source 15 may be operated to discharge the second material M2, that is, to melt the metal block as the second material M2, and the second heat source 15 may be operated to form the second material M2. The second heat source 55 may be operated to slowly cool the material M2. In various embodiments of the present invention, the first and second heat sources 15 and 55 may be operated simultaneously or sequentially. Then, after the shape of the sculpture is completed by filling the second material (M2) into the filling space (FS) surrounded by the outline of the sculpture of the first material (M1) formed on the stage (S), in other words, After the discharge of the second material (M2) from the heating funnel (10) is terminated, the operation of the first heat source (15) may be terminated, and thereafter, the cooling rate for the slow cooling space (50') of the sculpture is controlled. To this end, operation of the second heat source 55 can be continued. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first and second heat sources 15 and 55 may be operated simultaneously or the operation of the second heat source may be continued while the operation of the first heat source 15 is stopped. there is. In other words, during the tact-time to complete one sculpture, the operation time of the first heat source 15 (first operation time) and the operation time of the second heat source (second operation time) are , may have the following size relationship (first operation time < second operation time). For example, the second heat source 55 may operate during the entire tek-time of multi-phase 3D printing, whereas the first heat source 15 may operate during a shorter than the entire tek-time of multi-phase 3D printing. It can be operated during any time. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the operating time of the second heat source (second operating time) includes a slow cooling time for slowly cooling the sculpture to follow a gentle temperature profile, and accounts for a significant portion of the total tek-time. Since it includes a slow cooling time that occupies, it can be set longer than the operation time (first operation time) of the first heat source 15 that does not include this slow cooling time.

Similar to the first heat source 15, the second heat source 55 may be connected to a second switch to control the third temperature T3 of the internal space of the heating chamber 50, and the second switch It is possible to control the third temperature (T3) of the internal space of the heating chamber while turning the operation of the heating wire on/off through on/off control. For example, a direct current (constant current) of a certain magnitude may flow through the second heat source according to switch on/off control, and an intermittent flow of a constant magnitude direct current may occur from the on/off control of the constant magnitude direct current. can be formed.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the second heat source 55 maintains the third temperature T3 of the slow cooling space 50′ of the heating chamber 50 at a temperature higher than room temperature, thereby maintaining the slow cooling space 50′. It is possible to provide a favorable environment for heating and maintaining the temperature of the internal space (corresponding to the second temperature T2) of the heating funnel 10 connected to one space above the melting point of the metal block, and in this sense, the first , By simultaneously operating the second heat sources 15 and 55, power consumption for maintaining the temperature of the space formed within the buried block 40 and the heating chamber 50 fluidly connected to each other at a temperature at least higher than room temperature can be reduced. You can.

The first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) through which the first and second materials (M1, M2) are discharged are located at a height that varies from the stage (S) according to the raising and lowering drive of the stage (S). The first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) are embedded in the embedding block (40) that together forms the slow cooling space (50') in which the stage (S) is accommodated, and more specifically, the slow cooling space (50') ), while being embedded in the embedding block 40 that defines the upper part of the embedding block 40 and the heating chamber 50, it can be positioned and fixed at a certain position with respect to the heating chamber 50 according to the relative assembly position between the embedding block 40 and the heating chamber 50. . In one embodiment of the present invention, the positions of the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a may be fixed at a certain fixed position with respect to the heating chamber 50, and the bottom wall of the heating chamber 50 A connecting rod 100 or a guide block GB to which the connecting rod 100 is connected is connected through an opening 50 `` that penetrates 50b, for example, generated from the first to third actuators A1 to A3. The first, which maintains a constant fixed position within the heating chamber 50 according to the lifting and lowering drive and the two-dimensional translational movement of the guide block GB of the third actuator A3, which reflects both the raising and lowering movement and the translational movement on a two-dimensional plane. With respect to the second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a), the stage (S) power connected to the actuator (A) through the opening (50``) penetrating the heating chamber (50) targets the first and second materials (M1). , M2) can be transferred to the discharge location (P1, P2).

In various embodiments of the present invention, the first and second discharge nozzles (10a and 20a) are discharged from the first and second discharge nozzles (10a and 20a) through relative transfer between the first and second discharge nozzles (10a and 20a) and the stage (S). 2 Materials (M1, M2) may be accumulated at the first and second discharge positions (P1, P2) on the stage (S). For example, the first and second materials (M1, M2) may be accumulated on the stage (S). The first and second discharge positions P1 and P2 accumulated in the S) phase may correspond to the outline position of the sculpture and the filling position surrounded by the outline corresponding to the sculpture itself, respectively. In one embodiment of the present invention, the first and second materials (M1, M2) accumulated on the stage (S) from the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) are the first and second materials, respectively. (M1, M2) may have a different material phase from the first and second raw materials, and may produce the first and second materials (M1, M2) through different pretreatment processes for the first and second raw materials. This pretreatment process includes each of the first and second discharge nozzles (10a and 20a) or each extrusion device (80) connected to the first and second discharge nozzles (10a and 20a), mixing /pretreatment of extrusion) and a heating funnel (10, pretreatment of heating). At this time, in one embodiment of the present invention, considering the connectivity between the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a and the extrusion device 80 and the heating funnel 10, the first and second discharge nozzles 10a The position of ,20a) is fixed, but the stage (S) on which the first and second materials (M1, M2) are accumulated can be transferred from the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a), and the position is fixed. By transferring the stage (S) on which the first and second materials (M1, M2) are discharged from the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a), the first and second materials (M1, M2) are transferred on the stage (S). ) can be controlled to control the discharge positions (P1, P2) of the first and second materials (M1, M2) from which the material (M1, M2) is discharged, and the first, A stack of second materials (M1, M2) can be formed.

In various embodiments of the present invention, the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a may be operated in a temporal sequential relationship or may be operated simultaneously, for example, they are buried together in the embedding block 40 and positioned. Among the fixed first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a), the first discharge nozzle (10a) is operated to accumulate the outline of the sculpture in advance, and the operation of the first discharge nozzle (10a) is stopped and the second discharge nozzle (10a) is operated. A sculpture can be formed by operating the nozzle 20a to later fill the second material M2 in the filling space FS surrounded by the outline of the sculpture of the first material M1. For example, in the molding of such a sculpture, the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a may be operated and stopped alternately to form each layer of the sculpture, and during operation of the first discharge nozzle 10a (the first 2 While the discharge nozzle 20a is stopped), the stage S may be transferred based on section data regarding the outline of the sculpture formed from the first material M1 discharged from the first discharge nozzle 10a. 2 While the discharge nozzle 20a is in operation (while the first discharge nozzle 10a is stopped), the sculpture itself formed from the second material M2 discharged from the second discharge nozzle 20a or the outline of the first material M1 The stage (S) can be transferred based on section data about the filling space (FS) surrounded by .

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a may be operated simultaneously without a temporal relationship. For example, the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a may be operated simultaneously. 20a) may be buried by one embedding block 40 and bound at a certain distance from each other, and may be located at different positions on the stage S from the interval between the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a. The discharge positions (P1, P2) of the first and second materials (M1, M2) discharged from the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) may be spaced apart from each other . For example, the discharge positions (P1, P2) of the first and second materials (M1, M2) on the stage (S) are buried together in the embedding block 40 and the first and second discharge positions are bound to each other. It may be formed with a gap corresponding to the gap (g) between the nozzles (10a, 20a), and the discharge positions (P1, P2) of the first and second materials (M1, M2) on the stage (S) The spaced apart from each other is caused by the metal flow of the second material (M2) flowing from the discharge positions (P1, P2) of the second material (M2) toward the discharge positions (P1, P2) of the first material (M1). It can be filled.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the gap g between the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a bound by the embedding block 40 is, for example, the fluidity of the second material M2. and the first and second materials (M1, M2) corresponding to the gap (g) between the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) based on the flow characteristics of the second material (M2) such as flow rate. It can be formed sufficiently narrow to fill the gap between the discharge positions (P1, P2).

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a for discharging the first and second materials M1 and M2 having different material phases onto the stage S are, It may be formed with different inner diameters depending on the material phase of the different first and second materials M1 and M2, and is formed on the stage S from the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a formed with different inner diameters. can be discharged. In one embodiment of the present invention, the first discharge nozzle (10a) can discharge the first material (M1) in the form of paste or slurry, and the second discharge nozzle (20a) can discharge the second material (M2) in liquid form. ) can be discharged. At this time, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first material in the form of paste or slurry ( By forming the inner diameter of the first discharge nozzle 10a through which M1) is discharged to be relatively wider, the flow rates of the first and second materials M1 and M2 may be accumulated on the stage S in a balanced manner. For example, rather than the volume of the first material (M1) that forms the outline of the sculpture, the volume of the second material (M2) that forms the sculpture itself by filling the filling space (FS) surrounded by the outline of the sculpture Even if is relatively larger, the highly fluid liquid second material M2 can accumulate sufficient volume to form the sculpture itself through the relatively narrow inner diameter of the second discharge nozzle 20a.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the flow rate (volume passing through the cross-sectional area per unit time) or discharge rate of the first and second materials M1 and M2 on different materials may be controlled in different ways. . For example, the flow rate (volume passing through the cross-sectional area per unit time) or discharge speed of the first material (M1) is determined by the rotation screw (85) that is driven to rotate inside the transfer pipe (83) of the extrusion device (80). ) can be controlled according to the rotation speed of the second material (M2). In contrast, the flow rate (volume passing through the cross-sectional area per unit time) or discharge rate of the second material (M2) is controlled by the heating funnel filled with the second material (M2). It can be controlled according to the internal pressure of (10) or the internal pressure acting on the liquid level formed in the heating funnel 10 (pressure of the gas RG filled between the sealing cover 1 covering the inlet phase and the liquid level of the second material M2). .

In one embodiment of the present invention, the second material (M2) forming the sculpture as the object of modeling is formed from liquid metal or metal flow with high fluidity, thereby forming a paste phase containing metal powder and a vehicle and binder mixed with the metal powder. Alternatively, compared to the 3D printing method of the comparative example in which the sculpture itself is formed using the second material (M2) on the slurry, a sculpture with a smooth and beautiful appearance can be formed.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the outline of the sculpture and the sculpture itself can be formed using first and second materials M1 and M2 of different materials to have different fluidity, respectively. For example, the first material (M1) that forms the outline of the sculpture to limit the flow of the liquid second material (M2) while forming the filling space (FS) filled with the liquid second material (M2) is subject to its own weight. It can have relatively low fluidity so as to have height and shape stability without collapsing, and unlike the first material (M1), the second material (M2) quickly moves inside the outline of the sculpture formed from the first material (M1). It can have relatively high liquidity so that it can be filled easily. In this way, in one embodiment of the present invention, since the sculpture is formed by filling the filling space (FS) surrounded by the outline formed by the first material (M1) from a highly fluid liquid metal flow, the section data remains the same. It is possible to form all or part of the sculpture at once through one-time filling up to the required height, and the second material (M2) in the form of paste or slurry containing a binder in which metal powder is dispersed is placed on the stage (S). Each layer of the second material (M2) corresponding to a section of the sculpture is formed by dropping it in the form of droplets, and each layer of the second material (M2) is accumulated up to the entire height of the sculpture, and then sintered through laser irradiation. The manufacturing time of the sculpture can be shortened compared to 3D printing in the comparative example where the sculpture is formed by solidifying the sculpture of the second material (M2). For example, in the 3D printing of the comparative example above, each layer of the second material (M2) is accumulated up to the entire height of the sculpture by dropping the second material (M2) in the form of a droplet onto the stage (S). Compared to the present invention, which fills the filling space (FS) surrounded by the outline of the sculpture of the first material (M1) with a liquid or metal flowing second material (M2) on the stage (S), the production of the sculpture is relatively simple. Time may be delayed, and in particular, even after forming the height of the sculpture on the stage (S) by dropping the second material (M2) in the form of droplets, it is sintered using separate laser irradiation, so the second material (M2) Compared to the present invention, which completes the sculpture through cooling of the second material (M2) after filling M2), there is a disadvantage in that separate laser equipment is required and the manufacturing time is delayed.

In one embodiment of the present invention, as the first material (M1) forming the outline of the sculpture, even if the first material (M1) in the form of a paste or slurry mixed with ceramic particles and a matrix as a vehicle for providing fluidity is used. , More specifically, compared to the second material (M2), which forms the sculpture itself by applying a liquid metal flow with relatively high fluidity, a paste phase or slurry phase with somewhat lower fluidity is applied to form the outline of the sculpture. Even if it takes more ejection time to form a unit volume by stacking the first material (M1) on the stage (S) (for example, the first material (M1) to form a unit volume of the first and second materials (M1, M2) 1, When comparing the discharge times of the second materials M1 and M2, discharge time of the first material M1 > discharge time of the second material M2), in one embodiment of the present invention, the second material (M2) forming the sculpture itself Since the sculpture is formed by filling the filling space (FS) surrounded by the outline of the sculpture of the first material (M1), the total time required to manufacture the sculpture is the amount of time required to produce the sculpture by filling the filling space (FS) surrounded by the outline of the sculpture of the first material (M1). It may not be determined or delayed depending on the discharge time, and in general, the volume occupied by the sculpture itself may be larger than the volume occupied by the outline of the sculpture. Accordingly, the total time required to produce the sculpture is determined by the outline of the sculpture. The ejection time of the second material (M2) for forming the sculpture itself surrounded by the outline of the sculpture can be understood as a limiting factor rather than the ejection time of the first material (M1) for forming, and accordingly, the first, 2 The second material (M2) occupies a relatively large volume despite the size relationship (first discharge time > second discharge time) between the first and second discharge times to form the unit volume of the materials (M1, M2). The discharge time may be a limiting factor that limits the total time required to manufacture the overall sculpture, and in one embodiment of the present invention, the second material (M2) acts as a limiting factor for the total time for manufacturing the sculpture. ), by applying a liquid metal flow with relatively high fluidity, the discharge time of the second material (M2) can be shortened, and thus the total time required to manufacture the sculpture can be shortened. Unlike in the present invention, in the comparative example, a paste or slurry material with relatively less fluidity than the liquid phase is used as the material for forming the sculpture itself, so it acts as a limiting factor for the total time required to manufacture the sculpture. The ejection time of the second material M2 is delayed, and accordingly, the total time required to manufacture the sculpture may be relatively delayed.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first material M1 may be extruded from the extrusion device 80, and the rotation of the rotary screw 85 driven to rotate within the transfer pipe 83 of the extrusion device 80 Accordingly, different ceramic particles are input as raw materials (first raw materials) of the first material M1 from the first and second hoppers 81 and 82 connected to the transfer pipe 83, respectively, and the ceramic particles are provided with fluidity. The matrix to be applied can form a homogeneous mixture according to the rotation of the rotating screw 85 in the transfer pipe 83, and the transfer speed of the first material (M1) is controlled according to the rotation speed of the rotating screw 85. It can be. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the rotational speed of the rotary screw 85, which is driven to rotate within the transfer pipe 83 of the extrusion device 80, is the same as that of the discharge port 80a of the extrusion device 80. It may be linked to the transfer speed of the first material (M1) transported along the connecting pipe body 70 connected between the fitting ends 20b of the unit 20, and the discharge port to which one end of the connecting pipe body 70 is connected ( Flow rate (flow rate, volume passing through the cross-sectional area per unit time) of the first discharge nozzle 10a forming the bottom of the discharge unit 20 through the discharge unit 20 to which 80a) and the other end of the connecting pipe 70 are connected ) or can be linked to the discharge speed. In one embodiment of the present invention, while forming the first material (M1) formed in a paste phase or slurry phase in which ceramic particles and a matrix are mixed, for example, the mixing ratio of the matrix to provide fluidity to the ceramic particles is controlled. However, it is possible to control the flow rate (volume passing through the cross-sectional area per unit time) or discharge rate of the first material (M1) through forced extrusion.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first material (M1) is formed in a paste or slurry form in which ceramic particles, a vehicle, and a matrix such as a binder are mixed, for example, the ratio of the binder for controlling the viscosity or viscosity. By adjusting the components of the binder, it is possible to form a first material (M1) with a relatively high viscosity or viscosity, and the flow rate (flow rate, cross-sectional area per unit time) of the first material (M1) can be formed through forced extrusion. volume) or discharge speed can be controlled. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the height stability of the first material (M1) accumulated on the stage (S) is increased by forming the first material (M1) of relatively high viscosity or viscosity, and the first material (M1) is formed with a relatively high viscosity. Forcibly extruding the first material (M1) so that the flow rate (volume passing through the cross-sectional area per unit time) or discharge speed of the first material (M1) can be controlled separately from the viscosity or viscosity of the material (M1). It can be discharged onto the stage (S) in this way.

In one embodiment of the present invention, in forced extrusion of the first material M1, the rotational speed of the rotary screw 85 driven inside the transfer pipe 83 of the extrusion device 80 is controlled to increase or decrease, and the extrusion device 80 The flow rate (volume passing through the cross-sectional area per unit time) or discharge speed at the first discharge nozzle (10a) connected to the discharge port (80a) of (80) can be controlled. On the other hand, in a comparative example in which the first material (M1) in the form of paste or slurry is dropped in the form of droplets, the ratio or component of the binder contained in the first material (M1) is controlled to control the first material (M1) accumulated on the stage (S). 1 When increasing the height stability of the material (M1), the flow rate (volume passing through the cross-sectional area per unit time) or discharge speed of the first material (M1) is linked to the viscosity or viscosity of the first material (M1). Because of the delay, it is necessary to compromise between the height stability of the first material (M1) and the flow rate (volume passing through the cross-sectional area per unit time) or discharge speed of the first material (M1), for example For example, unlike in one embodiment of the present invention, the height stability of the first material (M1) is increased while the flow rate (volume passing through the cross-sectional area per unit time) or discharge speed of the first material (M1) is increased. There may be limits to shortening the tech-time. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, by increasing the height stability of the first material (M1), the high filling space (FS) formed while surrounded by the relatively high outline of the first material (M1) is filled with liquid metal. The manufacturing time of the sculpture can be shortened as the flow fills it all at once, and at this time, the discharge time itself of the first material (M1) is shortened, so that, for example, it is driven within the transfer pipe 83 of the extrusion device 80. By simultaneously increasing the rotational speed of the rotating screw 85, the time for forming the outline of the first material M1 accumulated to a predetermined height is also shortened, thereby doubly shortening the tack time.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first material (M1) forms the outline of the sculpture to surround the filling space (FS) filled with the liquid second material (M2), and the second material (M2) is This means that the second material (M2) rather than the first material (M1) forms a sculpture through subsequent cooling while filling the filling space (FS) surrounded by the outline of the first material (M1). This may mean that the sculpture is completed through separation of the first material (M1) after cooling.

In various embodiments of the present invention, the second material (M2) formed of liquid metal flow fills the filling space (FS) surrounded by the outline of the first material (M1). , The discharge order of M2) is not limited. For example, after forming the outline of the sculpture through the discharge of the first material (M1), the filling space (FS) surrounded by the outline of the first material (M1) ) is not limited to filling with the second material (M2), and for example, in various embodiments of the present invention, the first and second materials facing the stage (S) providing a support base for the sculpture The discharge of (M1, M2) may be performed simultaneously without a temporal relationship. For example, even if the first and second materials (M1, M2) are discharged simultaneously toward the stage (S), the first, Depending on the differential fluidity of the second materials (M1, M2), the first material (M1) spreads widely on the plane on the stage (S) from the discharge position (P1) of the first material (M1) or does not spread and spreads the first material (M1). It can be limited to the vicinity of the discharge position (P1) of the material (M1), and accordingly, the outline of the sculpture formed by the first material (M1) can be clearly defined with height stability, for example, the present invention In one embodiment, the first material (M1) is formed in a paste phase or slurry phase in which ceramic particles, a vehicle, and a matrix such as a binder for viscosity control are mixed, and is relatively thin compared to the second material (M2). It may have low fluidity, and accordingly, the first material (M1) may have height stability based on low fluidity. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the height stability of the first material (M1) can be secured by controlling the fluidity of the first material (M1), and the outline formed by the first material (M1) can be secured. One embodiment of the present invention is to quickly fill the filling space (FS) surrounded by the outline of the first material (M1) with the second material (M2) formed by liquid metal flow while forming a relatively high height. The production time of multi-phase 3D printing according to shape can be shortened. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, two-dimensional section data of a three-dimensional sculpture can form all or part of the sculpture from one discharge of the first and second materials M1 and M2 up to the same height. .

The multi-phase 3D printing device according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a control unit (not shown) for controlling the operation of the stage (S) by obtaining data regarding the external appearance of the sculpture, wherein the control The unit accumulates the first and second materials (M1, M2) from a single discharge (single layer) of the first and second materials (M1, M2) to a height where the section data of the sculpture remains the same. The stage (S) can be transported at a relatively low speed. For example, at the first and second discharge positions (P1, P2) where the first and second materials (M1, M2) are accumulated, the first and second materials (M1, In order to accumulate M2 on the stage S to form the height of the sculpture, the stage S on which the first and second materials M1 and M2 are accumulated can be transferred at a relatively low speed.

In one embodiment of the present invention, first and second raw materials of a different form from the first and second materials (M1, M2) discharged onto the stage (S) may be input into the multi-phase 3D printing device, and may be input to each other. Since a separate process is required to process the first and second materials (M1, M2) from other first and second raw materials, they are connected to the heating funnel 10 and the extrusion device 80 that perform this pretreatment process. In consideration of this, instead of transferring the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a while maintaining a fixed position, the first and second discharge nozzles 10a and 20a From 20a), the first and second discharge positions (P1, P2) are controlled while transferring the stage (S) accommodating the first and second materials (M1, M2), thereby forming a structure surrounded by the outline of the sculpture and the outline of the sculpture. The shape of a sculpture can be formed.

A multi-phase 3D printing device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first actuator (A1) for driving the stage (S) up and down along the height direction (Z1), and a stage ( It may include second and third actuators (A2, A3) for translationally driving S) in the second and third directions (Z2, Z3), and these first to third actuators (A1 to A3) are connected to each other. The three-axis position of the stage (S) can be controlled independently, and for example, the stage (S) can be controlled to independently follow the target position in the first to third directions (Z1 to Z3). In one embodiment of the present invention, the second actuator (A2) is mounted on the guide block of the first actuator (A1) and moves the second actuator (A1) based on the position in the first direction targeted by the first actuator (A1). The actuator (A2) can follow the target position in the second direction, and the third actuator (A3) is mounted on the guide block of the second actuator (A2), so that the first and second actuators (A1, A2) ) follows the target third position of the third actuator (A3) based on the positions in the first and second directions (Z1, Z2), and as a result, the guide block (GB) of the third actuator (A3) ) The stage (S) connected to the guide block (GB) of the third actuator (A3) through the connecting rod (100) mounted on the first to third actuators (A1 to A3) follows. The position of the direction (Z1 to Z3) can be tracked three-dimensionally.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the buried block 40, the heating chamber 50, and the actuator (A) may be aligned with each other through the assembly guide rod (R). For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the embedding block 40 and the heating chamber 50 may be formed in a substantially hexahedral shape, and the assembly guide rod (R) is connected to the embedding block 40 and the heating chamber. Positional alignment between the embedding block 40 and the heating chamber 50 can be achieved through a set of assembly guide rods (R) extending across the four corners of (50), for example, when the stage (S) The buried block 40 defining the upper part of the accommodated slow cooling space 50' and the four side walls of the heating chamber 50 defining the sides of the slow cooling space 50' are aligned with each other and form an airtight sealing connection to each other. can be formed. In addition, in one embodiment of the present invention, the group of assembly guide rods (R) is arranged through positional alignment between the heating chamber 50 and the actuator (A) disposed outside the heating chamber 50, resulting in the A group of assembly guide rods (R) include an actuator (A) disposed outside the heating chamber 50, a heating chamber 50, an embedded block 40 assembled with the heating chamber 50, and an embedded block. While aligning the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) embedded in (40), the first and second discharge nozzles (10a, 20a) are discharged onto the stage (S). The discharge positions (P1, P2) of the second materials (M1, M2) can be precisely controlled.

The present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but these are merely illustrative, and various modifications and equivalent embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art. You will understand the point.

10: Heating funnel 10a: First discharge nozzle
15: first heat source 20: discharge unit
20a: second discharge nozzle 40: buried block
50: heating chamber 55: second heat source
80: extrusion unit 100: connecting rod
S: Stage A: Actuator
g: Spacing between the first and second discharge nozzles
P1, P2: Discharge positions of the first and second materials
M1: First material M2: Second material

Claims (9)

A stage that provides a support base for the sculpture to be formed;
First and second discharges arranged on the stage to respectively discharge a paste-like or slurry-like first material that forms the outline of the sculpture and a liquid second material that fills the filling space surrounded by the outline of the sculpture formed of the first material. Nozzle;
an extrusion device connected to the first discharge nozzle and configured to extrude the first material in the form of a paste or slurry in which ceramic particles and a matrix in which the ceramic particles are dispersed are mixed, so as to extrude the first material toward the first discharge nozzle;
a heating funnel connected to the second discharge nozzle, receiving the metal block as an input, and discharging a second material of liquid metal flow in which the metal block is melted through the second discharge nozzle, for melting the metal block; and
A multi-phase 3D printing device comprising a heating chamber for accommodating the stage and providing a slow cooling space for the first and second materials accumulated on the stage from the first and second discharge nozzles. According to paragraph 1,
A multi-phase 3D printing device, characterized in that the inner diameter of the second discharge nozzle is smaller than the longest dimension of the metal block injected from the inlet at the top of the heating funnel connected to the second discharge nozzle at the bottom. According to paragraph 1,
A multi-phase 3D printing device, characterized in that a first heat source for melting a metal block introduced into the heating funnel is wound along the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel. According to paragraph 3,
The first heat source is a heating funnel having a second discharge nozzle formed at a lower end facing the stage, and a discharge unit having a first discharge nozzle formed at a lower end facing the stage. Multi-phase 3D, characterized in that Printing device. According to paragraph 1,
A multi-phase 3D printing device further comprising an embedding block for embedding the first and second discharge nozzles together. According to paragraph 1,
The third temperature of the slow cooling space of the heating chamber is the second temperature of the heating funnel having the second discharge nozzle formed at the lower end facing the stage, and the second temperature of the discharge unit having the first discharge nozzle formed at the lower end facing the stage. 1. In the relationship with temperature, a multi-phase 3D printing device characterized in that it satisfies the relationship of second temperature > third temperature > first temperature. According to paragraph 1,
a first heat source for melting the metal block wound along the outer peripheral surface of the heating funnel and introduced into the heating funnel; and
Multi-phase 3D, further comprising a second heat source formed in the heating chamber to control the cooling rate of the first and second materials accumulated on the stage from the first and second discharge nozzles. Printing device. In clause 7,
During the tact-time to form a sculpture,
The first operation time from the start of operation to the end of operation of the first heat source and the second operation time from the start to end of operation of the second heat source have a relationship of first operation time < second operation time. Features a multi-phase 3D printing device. According to paragraph 1,
The flow rate of the first material discharged from the first discharge nozzle onto the stage is controlled from the rotation speed of the rotating screw driven inside the transfer pipe of the extrusion device,
The flow rate of the second material discharged from the second discharge nozzle onto the stage is controlled from the pressure of the gas filled on the liquid surface of the second material of the metal flow inside the heating funnel. 3D printing device.

Images