KR20240041097A - Battery module and battery pack including the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a battery cell stack in which battery cells are stacked along one direction; A coolant spray device that sprays coolant toward the battery cell stack; a cooling system that adjusts the amount of coolant sprayed through the coolant spray device; and an air circulation system having a fan device that exhausts air to form an air circulation structure for the battery cell stack.

Description

Battery module and battery pack including the same {BATTERY MODULE AND BATTERY PACK INCLUDING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to a battery module and a battery pack containing the same, and more specifically, to a battery module with improved cooling performance and a battery pack containing the same.

In modern society, as the use of portable devices such as mobile phones, laptops, camcorders, and digital cameras becomes routine, the development of technologies in fields related to the above mobile devices is becoming more active. In addition, secondary batteries that can be charged and discharged are a way to solve air pollution from existing gasoline vehicles that use fossil fuels, and are used in electric vehicles (EV), hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles ( As it is used as a power source for batteries such as P-HEV), the need for development of secondary batteries is increasing.

Currently commercialized secondary batteries include nickel cadmium batteries, nickel hydrogen batteries, nickel zinc batteries, and lithium secondary batteries. Among these, lithium secondary batteries are in the spotlight for their advantages of having little memory effect compared to nickel-based secondary batteries, allowing free charging and discharging, very low self-discharge rate, and high energy density.

These lithium secondary batteries mainly use lithium-based oxide and carbon material as positive and negative electrode active materials, respectively. A lithium secondary battery includes an electrode assembly in which positive and negative electrode plates each coated with the positive and negative electrode active materials are disposed with a separator in between, and a battery case that seals and stores the electrode assembly together with an electrolyte.

Generally, lithium secondary batteries can be classified into can-type secondary batteries in which the electrode assembly is built into a metal can and pouch-type secondary batteries in which the electrode assembly is built in a pouch of an aluminum laminate sheet, depending on the shape of the exterior material.

In the case of secondary batteries used in small devices, 2-3 battery cells are placed, but in the case of secondary batteries used in medium to large devices such as automobiles, a battery module is made by electrically connecting multiple battery cells. This is used. These battery modules have improved capacity and output by connecting multiple battery cells in series or parallel to each other to form a battery cell stack. Additionally, one or more battery modules may be mounted together with various control and protection systems such as a battery management system (BMS) and a cooling system to form a battery pack.

If the temperature of a secondary battery rises higher than the appropriate temperature, the performance of the secondary battery may deteriorate, and in severe cases, there is a risk of explosion or ignition. In particular, the temperature of a battery module or battery pack having multiple secondary batteries, that is, battery cells, can increase rapidly and severely due to the sum of heat from the multiple battery cells in a small space. In other words, in the case of a battery module in which multiple battery cells are stacked and a battery pack equipped with such battery modules, high output can be obtained, but it is not easy to remove heat generated from the battery cells during charging and discharging. If the heat dissipation of the battery cell is not performed properly, the battery cell deteriorates faster, its lifespan is shortened, and the possibility of explosion or ignition increases.

Moreover, battery modules included in vehicle battery packs are frequently exposed to direct sunlight and may be placed in high temperature conditions such as summer or desert areas.

Therefore, when constructing a battery module or battery pack, securing stable and effective cooling performance and preventing it from leading to a fire or explosion even if thermal runaway occurs are important technical challenges in addition to improving performance. It can be seen that

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a battery module and a battery pack including the same, which have improved cooling performance and at the same time have the function of extinguishing a fire caused by a thermal runaway phenomenon.

However, the problems to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned problems and can be expanded in various ways within the scope of the technical idea included in the present invention.

A battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a battery cell stack in which battery cells are stacked along one direction; A coolant spray device that sprays coolant toward the battery cell stack; a cooling system that adjusts the amount of coolant sprayed through the coolant spray device; and an air circulation system having a fan device that exhausts air to form an air circulation structure for the battery cell stack.

The cooling system may be connected to the coolant spray device, and the coolant may be cooled in the cooling system and then sprayed on the battery cell stack.

The battery module may further include a coolant recovery device that recovers a portion of the coolant sprayed on the battery cell stack.

The cooling system may be connected to the cooling water recovery device. The coolant recovered in the coolant recovery device may be cooled through the cooling system and then sprayed on the battery cell stack through the coolant spray device.

A cooling water supply pipe may be connected to the cooling water recovery device.

The coolant recovery device may include a chamber portion located below the battery cell stack, and a portion of the sprayed coolant may collect in the chamber portion.

The cooling system can cool and dehumidify air introduced from the outside. The air cooled and dehumidified by the cooling system passes through the battery cell stack and is then discharged to the outside through the fan device, thereby forming an air circulation structure.

The cooling system may include an evaporator, compressor, condenser, and expansion valve.

The cooling water may be cooled by passing through the evaporator, and the air may be cooled and dehumidified by passing through the evaporator.

When the temperature of the battery cell stack is below the reference temperature, the cooling system may stop spraying coolant from the coolant spray device and operate only the fan device.

When the temperature of the battery cell stack is above the reference temperature and below the critical temperature, the cooling system may operate the fan device and operate the coolant spray device to spray coolant.

When the temperature of the battery cell stack is above the critical temperature, the cooling system may set the coolant spray amount of the coolant spray device to the maximum.

Each of the battery cells may be stacked while stored in a cell cover having electrical insulation and corrosion resistance to form the battery cell stack.

Protrusions may be formed on at least one surface of the cell cover.

A flow path may be formed between the protrusions, and the air may flow along the flow path formed between the protrusions and pass through the battery cell stack.

The coolant may be sprayed on the surface of the cell cover.

A battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention includes at least one of the battery modules.

According to embodiments of the present invention, a cooling system that controls the amount of coolant sprayed directly into the battery cells and a fan device for air cooling are included in the battery module to achieve an additional cooling effect due to evaporation of the coolant, The cooling performance of the battery module can be improved.

In addition, when an abnormally high temperature environment due to thermal runaway of battery cells is detected, coolant is sprayed to the maximum level, thereby extinguishing a fire caused by the thermal runaway phenomenon.

The effects of the present invention are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the claims.

1 is a schematic perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing one of the battery cells included in the battery cell stack of FIG. 1.
Figure 3 is a perspective view showing a cell cover according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figures 4 and 5 are perspective and side views showing the battery cell of Figure 2 inserted into the cell cover of Figure 3.
Figure 6 is a plan view showing a portion of the battery cell stack included in the battery module of Figure 1.
Figure 7 is a diagram roughly expressing the configuration of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 8 is a flowchart for explaining a method of operating a cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the attached drawings, various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present invention. The invention may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

In order to clearly explain the present invention, parts that are not relevant to the description are omitted, and identical or similar components are assigned the same reference numerals throughout the specification.

In addition, the size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily shown for convenience of explanation, so the present invention is not necessarily limited to what is shown. In the drawing, the thickness is enlarged to clearly express various layers and regions. And in the drawings, for convenience of explanation, the thicknesses of some layers and regions are exaggerated.

Additionally, when a part of a layer, membrane, region, plate, etc. is said to be “on” or “on” another part, this includes not only cases where it is “directly above” another part, but also cases where there is another part in between. . Conversely, when a part is said to be “right on top” of another part, it means that there is no other part in between. In addition, being “on” or “on” a standard part means being located above or below the standard part, and it necessarily means being “on” or “on” the direction opposite to gravity. no.

In addition, throughout the specification, when a part is said to "include" a certain component, this means that it may further include other components rather than excluding other components, unless specifically stated to the contrary.

In addition, throughout the specification, when referring to “on a plane,” this means when the target portion is viewed from above, and when referring to “in cross section,” this means when a cross section of the target portion is cut vertically and viewed from the side.

Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 2 is a diagram showing one of the battery cells included in the battery cell stack of Figure 1.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the battery module 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a battery cell stack 120 in which battery cells 110 are stacked along one direction, and a battery cell stack 120. ), a cooling system 200 that adjusts the spray amount of coolant (C) sprayed through the coolant spray device 300, and a battery cell stack 120. It includes an air circulation system 500 having a fan device 510 that exhausts air (A) to form an air circulation structure for air circulation.

The battery cell 110 according to this embodiment may be a pouch-type battery cell and may have a rectangular sheet-like structure. For example, the battery cell 110 according to this embodiment may have a structure in which two electrode leads 130 face each other and protrude from one end and the other end, respectively.

In particular, referring to Figure 2, the battery cell 110 according to this embodiment has two electrode leads 130 facing each other from one end 114a and the other end 114b of the cell body 113, respectively. It has a protruding structure. More specifically, the electrode lead 130 is connected to an electrode assembly (not shown) and protrudes from the electrode assembly (not shown) to the outside of the battery cell 110.

Meanwhile, the battery cell 110 is made by bonding both ends 114a and 114b of the cell case 114 and one side 114c connecting them with an electrode assembly (not shown) stored in the cell case 114. It can be manufactured by doing. In other words, the battery cell 110 according to this embodiment has a total of three sealing parts 114sa, 114sb, and 114sc, and the sealing parts 114sa, 114sb, and 114sc have a structure that is sealed by a method such as heat fusion. , the other side may be formed as a folding portion 115. The cell case 114 may be made of a laminate sheet including a resin layer and a metal layer.

In FIG. 2, only the battery cell 110 with the electrode leads 130 protruding in both directions has been described. However, as another embodiment of the present invention, a unidirectional pouch-type battery cell with the electrode leads protruding in one direction is also used. Of course it is possible.

These battery cells 110 may be composed of a plurality, and the plurality of battery cells 110 are stacked so as to be electrically connected to each other to form the battery cell stack 120. In particular, as shown in FIG. 1, the battery cells 110 may be stacked in one direction while standing upright to form the battery cell stack 120. For example, in Figure 1, the one direction corresponds to a direction parallel to the y-axis. Accordingly, one electrode lead 130 of the battery cells 110 may protrude toward the x-axis direction, and the other electrode lead 130 may protrude toward the -x-axis direction. This battery cell stack 120 can be accommodated in the module frame 600.

The coolant spray device 300 according to this embodiment has no particular limitations on its shape as long as it can spray the coolant C supplied from the cooling system 200 toward the battery cell stack 120. For example, the coolant spray device 300 may be in the form of a cooling pipe. A plurality of nozzles are formed in the coolant spray device 300 in the form of a cooling pipe, so that the coolant spray device 300 can spray coolant C directly onto the battery cell stack 120.

The air circulation system 500 is an air cooling device provided in the battery module 100. In order to form an air circulation structure for the battery cell stack 120, the air circulation system 500 consists of a duct 520 that introduces external air (A) into the battery module 100 and air (A). It may include a fan device 510 for exhausting air. That is, the air (A) introduced from the duct 520 passes through the battery cell stack 120 and is discharged to the outside through the fan device 510. The heat radiated from the battery cell stack 120 is discharged together with the air (A).

The cooling system 200 is connected to the coolant spray device 300 and can supply coolant C to the coolant spray device 300. In particular, the coolant C may be cooled in the cooling system 200 and then sprayed onto the battery cell stack 120 through the coolant spray device 300.

Additionally, the cooling system 200 may be connected to the duct 520 of the air circulation system 500. That is, the cooling system 200 cools and dehumidifies the air (A) introduced from the outside, and the air (A) cooled and dehumidified by the cooling system 200 is inside the battery module 100 through the duct 520. may flow into. Thereafter, the air (A) passes through the battery cell stack 120 and is discharged to the outside through the fan device 510, thereby forming an air circulation structure.

The cooling system 200 according to this embodiment cools the coolant (C) before being sprayed and simultaneously cools and dehumidifies the air (A) before flowing into the battery module 100, thereby forming the battery module 100. ) cooling performance can be further improved.

In the case of conventional air-cooled battery modules, only a heat dissipation method using air circulation was applied. However, in the case of the battery module 100 according to the present embodiment, not only the air circulation system 500 but also the coolant spray device 300 is additionally provided, so that in addition to the heat discharge effect due to the circulating air (A), the battery cell ( 110), an additional cooling effect was sought to be obtained due to the evaporation of the coolant (C) sprayed. The air (A) circulating inside the battery module 100 not only discharges the heat radiated from the battery cell stack 120, but also promotes evaporation of the coolant (C) sprayed on the surface of the battery cell 110. I order it. During the process of evaporation of the coolant (C), an additional cooling effect may occur due to absorption of the heat of vaporization of the coolant (C).

Moreover, since both the coolant (C) and the air (A) are cooled in the cooling system 200 and then sprayed and introduced into the battery cell stack 120, the cooling effect may be more excellent. In addition, since the coolant (C) and air (A) are each cooled by a single cooling system (200), it is excellent from the perspective of space utilization inside the battery module (100).

The specific cooling structure of the cooling system 200, as well as the coolant circulation structure and air circulation structure, will be described in more detail below with reference to FIG. 7.

Figure 3 is a perspective view showing a cell cover according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figures 4 and 5 are perspective and side views showing the battery cell of Figure 2 inserted into the cell cover of Figure 3.

Referring to FIGS. 2 to 5 together, each of the battery cells 110 according to this embodiment is stacked while stored in a cell cover 110C having electrical insulation and corrosion resistance to form a battery cell stack 120. can do.

There are no special restrictions on the material applied to the cell cover (110C) as long as it has electrical insulation and corrosion resistance. The cell cover 110C is a structure that is hollow on the inside and open in both directions, and at least one battery cell 110 can be stored inside the cell cover 110C. That is, one battery cell 110 can be stored in one cell cover 110C, and a plurality of battery cells 110 can be stored in one cell cover 110C.

The coolant C sprayed from the coolant spray device 300 may be sprayed on the surface of the cell cover 110C where the battery cell 110 is stored. Since the cell cover (110C) has electrical insulation properties, it can prevent short circuits from occurring due to the sprayed coolant (C).

Figure 6 is a plan view showing a portion of the battery cell stack included in the battery module of Figure 1.

Referring to FIG. 6 together with FIGS. 3 to 5 , protrusions 110P may be formed on at least one surface of the cell cover 110C. The protrusion 110P may be protruding in a direction perpendicular to one surface of the cell cover 110C. When the battery cells 110 stored in the cell cover 110C are stacked in one direction, a flow path F may be formed between the protrusions 110P. That is, between adjacent battery cells 110, the space between the protrusions 110P may become a flow path F through which air A flows. As the air (A) introduced from the duct 520 passes through the battery cell stack 120, the air (A) flows along the flow path F formed between the protrusions 110P and flows through the battery cell stack ( 120) can be passed. The air (A) flowing through the flow path (F) not only discharges the heat radiated from the battery cell 110, but also promotes evaporation of the coolant (C) sprayed on the surface of the cell cover (110C).

Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 7 and the like, the specific cooling structure of the cooling system 200, as well as the coolant circulation structure and the air circulation structure, will be described in detail. Figure 7 is a diagram roughly expressing the configuration of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 7 together, the battery module 100 according to this embodiment includes a cooling system 200, a coolant spray device 300, and an air circulation system 500, as described above. In FIG. 7 , for convenience, the flow of coolant (C) is indicated by a dotted arrow and a water drop shape, and the flow of air (A) is indicated by a thick arrow.

The coolant spray device 300 may be in the form of a cooling pipe and is located at the top of the battery cell stack 120 to spray coolant (C) on the surface of the battery cells 110, specifically the surface of the cell cover 110C. It can be sprayed. A plurality of nozzles may be formed in the coolant injection device 300 in the form of a cooling pipe, and the injection ports of these nozzles may be set small to spray the coolant C in the form of a kind of mist.

The battery module 100 according to this embodiment may further include a coolant recovery device 400 that recovers a portion of the coolant C sprayed on the battery cell stack 120. The cooling system 200 may be connected to the coolant spray device 300 and the coolant recovery device 400, respectively. As described above, the coolant C cooled in the cooling system 200 is sprayed onto the battery cell stack 120 through the coolant spray device 300. A portion of the remaining coolant C that has not been evaporated may be collected in the coolant recovery device 400. Specifically, the coolant recovery device 400 may include a chamber portion 410 located below the battery cell stack 120 and a connection pipe 420 connecting the chamber portion 410 and the cooling system 200. there is. A portion of the sprayed coolant C may collect in the chamber portion 410 and be supplied back to the cooling system 200 through the connection pipe 420. A separate pump device (not shown) may be provided to supply the coolant C collected in the chamber portion 410 back to the cooling system 200. That is, the coolant C recovered in the coolant recovery device 400 may be cooled through the cooling system 200 and then sprayed on the battery cell stack 120 through the coolant spray device 300. A portion of the sprayed coolant C may be collected again in the coolant recovery device 400. The battery module according to this embodiment may have the cooling water circulation structure described above.

A cooling water supply pipe 430 may be separately connected to the cooling water recovery device 400. The cooling water supply pipe 430 may be connected to an external cooling water supply source. In the cooling water circulation structure described above, a portion of the cooling water C continues to evaporate, so the total amount of circulating cooling water continues to decrease. A coolant supply pipe 430 may be connected to the coolant recovery device 400 to maintain the total amount of circulating coolant. That is, the height of the coolant (C) collected in the chamber portion 410 is measured in real time, and when the collected coolant (C) decreases below a certain amount, additional coolant (C) can be supplied through the coolant supply pipe 430.

Meanwhile, in the air circulation system 500 according to this embodiment, the air (A) introduced through the duct 520 from the outside of the battery module 100 passes through the cooling system 200 and is cooled and dehumidified. , may pass through the battery cell stack 120 and be discharged to the outside again through the fan device 510.

In this way, the cooling system 200 according to this embodiment has the function of cooling the coolant C before being sprayed and simultaneously cooling and dehumidifying the air A before being introduced into the battery module 100. It can be done. As long as it can perform these functions, there is no particular limitation on the specific configuration of the cooling system 200. Additionally, since there are no restrictions on the location of the cooling system 200, the cooling system 200 may be located inside or outside the module frame 600.

The cooling system 200 may have a normal cooling structure for cooling coolant (C) and air (A), which are objects to be cooled. As an example, the cooling system 200 may include an evaporator 210, a compressor 220, a condenser 230, and an expansion valve 240. A separate refrigerant circulates inside the cooling system 200, and the refrigerant becomes high temperature and high pressure through the compressor 220. After the refrigerant, which is at high temperature and high pressure, moves to the condenser 230, its temperature decreases and it is liquefied. Afterwards, as the refrigerant passes through the expansion valve 240, the pressure changes to low, and the distance between particles of the refrigerant increases, lowering the temperature. The refrigerant that reaches the evaporator 210 is vaporized and lowers the surrounding temperature.

According to this embodiment, the cooling water (C) can be cooled while passing through the evaporator 210, and the air (A) can be cooled and dehumidified while passing through the evaporator 210. Since there is no particular limitation on the number of evaporators 210, individual evaporators 210 for cooling the coolant (C) and air (A) may be provided inside the cooling system 200. In another embodiment, it is possible to cool both the coolant (C) and the air (A) in one evaporator 210. An advantage of this embodiment is that after cooling both the coolant (C) and the air (A), the evaporation of the coolant (C) is used to cool the battery module 100. In addition, an advantage of this embodiment is that the space utilization inside the battery module 100 can be increased because the coolant (C) and air (A) are each cooled by a single cooling system (200).

Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 8, how the cooling system 200 according to this embodiment adjusts the injection amount of coolant C will be described in detail. Figure 8 is a flowchart for explaining a method of operating a cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 8 , the cooling system 200 according to this embodiment can adjust the injection amount of coolant (C) by adjusting the amount of coolant (C) supplied to the coolant spray device 300. .

When the battery module 100 is driven and the battery cells 110 included in the battery module 100 are repeatedly charged and discharged, the fan device 510 operates to circulate air (A).

At this time, if the temperature of the battery cell stack 120 is below the reference temperature, the cooling system 200 may stop spraying the coolant (C) of the coolant spray device 300 and operate only the fan device 510. The cooling system 200 does not supply coolant C to the coolant spray device 300 and operates only the fan device 510 to maintain only air-cooled cooling. For example, the reference temperature may be set to a temperature of 35 degrees Celsius or more and 40 degrees Celsius or less. If the temperature is below the set reference temperature, no additional cooling effect due to evaporation of the coolant C is required, so only the fan device 510 can be operated.

Next, when the temperature of the battery cell stack 120 is above the reference temperature and below the critical temperature, the cooling system 200 operates the fan device 510 and the coolant spray device 300 sprays coolant (C). It can be operated to do so. That is, the cooling system 200 can supply cooled coolant C to the coolant spray device 300. When the temperature of the battery cell stack 120 exceeds the reference temperature, it is determined that an additional cooling effect due to evaporation of the coolant C is needed, and the coolant C may be sprayed. That is, when the temperature of the battery cell stack 120 is above the reference temperature and below the critical temperature, both the coolant circulation structure and the air circulation structure can proceed. Additionally, the injection amount of coolant (C) may be set to gradually increase in steps of 5 degrees Celsius between the reference temperature and the critical temperature.

Next, when the temperature of the battery cell stack 120 is above the critical temperature, the cooling system 200 may set the coolant spray amount of the coolant spray device 300 to the maximum. For example, the critical temperature may be 70 degrees Celsius. When the temperature inside the battery module 100 exceeds 55 degrees Celsius, current derating is performed by the Battery Management System (BMS), so the temperature does not rise above 70 degrees Celsius. Therefore, when the temperature of the battery cell stack 120 exceeds 70 degrees Celsius, which is set as a critical temperature, it is determined that a thermal runaway phenomenon has occurred, and the coolant C can be sprayed to the maximum. At this time, the cooling water (C) functions as fire extinguishing water to extinguish the initial fire caused by thermal runaway phenomenon. That is, the battery module 100 equipped with the coolant spray device 300 according to this embodiment may have an additional cooling effect due to evaporation of the coolant (C) during normal operation, and may have an additional cooling effect due to the evaporation of the coolant (C) during abnormal operation. ) can be sprayed to the maximum to have a direct fire suppression function.

Meanwhile, the reference temperature and the critical temperature do not have uniform values, but are values that vary depending on the model of the battery module, considering the size, weight, and capacity of the applied battery module.

In this embodiment, terms indicating directions such as front, back, left, right, up, and down are used, but these terms are only for convenience of explanation and may vary depending on the location of the target object or the location of the observer. .

One or more battery modules according to this embodiment described above may be mounted together with various control and protection systems such as a Battery Management System (BMS), Battery Disconnect Unit (BDU), and a cooling system to form a battery pack.

The battery module or battery pack can be applied to various devices. Specifically, it can be applied to transportation means such as electric bicycles, electric vehicles, and hybrids, or ESS (Energy Storage System), but is not limited to this and can be applied to various devices that can use secondary batteries.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art using the basic concept of the present invention defined in the following claims are also possible. falls within the scope of rights.

100: battery module
110: battery cell
110C: Cell Cover
110P: Protrusion
200: cooling system
300: Coolant spray device
400: Coolant recovery device
500: Air circulation system
510: fan device

Claims (17)

A battery cell stack in which battery cells are stacked along one direction;
A coolant spray device that sprays coolant toward the battery cell stack;
a cooling system that adjusts the amount of coolant sprayed through the coolant spray device; and
A battery module comprising an air circulation system having a fan device that exhausts air to form an air circulation structure for the battery cell stack. In paragraph 1:
The cooling system is connected to the coolant spray device,
A battery module in which the coolant is cooled in the cooling system and then sprayed on the battery cell stack. In paragraph 2,
The battery module further includes a coolant recovery device that recovers a portion of the coolant sprayed on the battery cell stack. In paragraph 3,
The cooling system is connected to the cooling water recovery device,
The coolant recovered in the coolant recovery device is cooled through the cooling system and then sprayed on the battery cell stack through the coolant spray device. In paragraph 3,
A battery module in which a cooling water supply pipe is connected to the cooling water recovery device. In paragraph 3,
The coolant recovery device includes a chamber portion located below the battery cell stack,
A battery module in which a portion of the sprayed coolant collects in the chamber portion. In paragraph 1:
The cooling system cools and dehumidifies air introduced from the outside,
A battery module in which air cooled and dehumidified by the cooling system passes through the battery cell stack and is then discharged to the outside through the fan device to form an air circulation structure. In paragraph 1:
The cooling system is a battery module including an evaporator, compressor, condenser, and expansion valve. In paragraph 8:
The cooling water passes through the evaporator and is cooled,
A battery module in which the air is cooled and dehumidified by passing through the evaporator. In paragraph 1:
When the temperature of the battery cell stack is below the reference temperature, the cooling system stops spraying coolant from the coolant spray device and operates only the fan device. In paragraph 1:
When the temperature of the battery cell stack is above the reference temperature and below the critical temperature, the cooling system operates the fan device and operates the coolant spray device to spray coolant. In paragraph 1:
When the temperature of the battery cell stack is above the critical temperature, the cooling system sets the coolant injection amount of the coolant spray device to the maximum. In paragraph 1:
A battery module in which each of the battery cells is stored in a cell cover having electrical insulation and corrosion resistance and is stacked to form the battery cell stack. In paragraph 13:
A battery module in which protrusions are formed on at least one surface of the cell cover. In paragraph 14:
A flow path is formed between the protrusions,
A battery module in which the air flows along a flow path formed between the protrusions and passes through the battery cell stack. In paragraph 13:
A battery module in which the coolant is sprayed on the surface of the cell cover. A battery pack including at least one battery module according to claim 1.