KR20240040354A - Smart Film and Smart window for car having the same and Smart Film Module for Car having the Same - Google Patents

Abstract

A smart film, a smart window for a vehicle equipped with the same, and a smart film module for a vehicle equipped with the same are disclosed. The smart film module for a vehicle according to one aspect of the present invention is attached to each glass of a vehicle window including at least one of the front glass of the vehicle, the left glass of the driver's seat, the right glass of the driver's seat, the left glass of the passenger seat, the right glass of the passenger seat, and the rear glass. Smart film whose light transmittance is controlled to be transparent or opaque by current control; A control unit connected to a driving control module that determines the driving mode and environmental conditions of the vehicle and controlling the light transmittance of the smart film installed on the vehicle window according to the driving mode and environmental conditions of the vehicle identified through the driving control module; includes; can do.

Description

Smart film, smart window for vehicle equipped with same, and smart film module for car equipped with same {Smart Film and Smart window for car having the same and Smart Film Module for Car having the Same}

The present invention relates to a smart film module, and more specifically, to a smart film controlled according to the driving mode and environment of the vehicle.

Generally, cars are equipped with windshields on the front, rear, and sides for the purpose of ensuring visibility and ventilation for the driver and passengers, and a sunroof may also be provided on the roof of the car.

When driving a vehicle, tinting is applied to the vehicle's glass or the windows of the vehicle are tinted to reduce driver's visibility and increase indoor temperature due to direct sunlight, and to protect privacy.

As the density of tinting and coloring as described above increases, the direct sunlight blocking effect and privacy protection effect can be increased.

However, there is a problem that the density of tinting and coloring may be too thick or may interfere with the driver's vision when driving at night.

Additionally, because the tinting density remains constant, it is difficult to provide optimized visibility in ever-changing driving situations.

For example, when reversing, visibility through the rear windshield must be secured to ensure rearward visibility, but the rear window is generally tinted at a darker concentration than the front windshield, so there is a problem of poor visibility when reversing.

In addition, if the tinting is too dark, it is impossible to check from the outside whether there are occupants inside the vehicle, making it an easy target for crimes such as theft. In addition, if infants or pets are left in the car in the summer or winter, it is difficult to detect from the outside. there is.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide a smart film that can control the light transmittance according to the driving mode and environment to provide optimal visibility to the driver and ensure the safety of passengers, and to provide the same. The task is to provide smart windows for vehicles and smart film modules for vehicles equipped with them.

The problems of the present invention are not limited to the problems mentioned above, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below.

In order to solve the above problem, according to one form of the present invention, a liquid crystal layer in which the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules is adjusted according to the application of electric current; a transparent electrode thin film layer disposed on one side of the liquid crystal layer to apply an electric signal to the liquid crystal layer; a metal layer disposed on the other side of the liquid crystal layer to apply an electric signal to the liquid crystal layer and at the same time block sunlight irradiated from the outside; a pair of transparent layers disposed on outer surfaces of the metal layer and the transparent electrode thin film layer, respectively, and made of transparent synthetic resin; A smart film including a terminal portion connected to the transparent electrode thin film layer and the metal layer and formed to receive an electrical signal from the outside is provided.

It is disposed on the outside of any one of the pair of transparent layers and is formed to be attached to the inner side of at least one of the front windshield, driver's seat left glass, driver's right glass, passenger seat left glass, passenger seat right glass, rear glass, and sunroof of the vehicle. It may include an adhesive layer.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a vehicle window including at least one of the front glass of the vehicle, the left glass of the driver's seat, the right glass of the driver's seat, the left glass of the passenger seat, the right glass of the passenger seat, and the rear glass and sunroof; A smart window for a vehicle including the aforementioned smart film attached to the vehicle window may be provided.

The smart film is attached to the inner surface of the vehicle window, or the vehicle window includes a first glass layer disposed toward the outside of the vehicle; It includes a second glass layer disposed toward the inside of the vehicle, and the smart film may be disposed between the first glass layer and the second glass layer.

The terminal portion of the smart film extends to the outside of the vehicle window, and the extended portion is bent to cover an edge of one of both surfaces of the vehicle window while surrounding the end of the vehicle window. can be attached to the surface of

The smart film may have either a normal mode or a reverse mode driving method.

A plurality of smart films electrically partitioned from each other are disposed on the vehicle window so as not to overlap each other, and each smart film disposed on the vehicle window may have an independent terminal portion.

According to another form of the present invention, it is attached to each glass of a vehicle window including at least one of the front glass of the vehicle, the left glass of the driver's seat, the right glass of the driver's seat, the left glass of the passenger seat, the right glass of the passenger seat, the rear glass, and the sunroof. The smart film of any one of claims 3 to 8, the light transmittance of which is controlled to be transparent or opaque by current control; A control unit connected to a driving control module that determines the driving mode and environmental conditions of the vehicle and controlling the light transmittance of the smart film installed on the vehicle window according to the driving mode and environmental conditions of the vehicle identified through the driving control module; includes a. A smart film module for vehicles is provided.

The driving control module determines whether the vehicle is powered on/off, the mode status of the transmission, the steering angle of the steering wheel transmitted through the steering angle sensor, the operation of the turn signal light, the temperature inside the vehicle transmitted through the temperature sensor, and the irradiation amount transmitted through the sensor. Receives at least one piece of information among the amount of ?Z light irradiated to the vehicle and whether or not an impact is transmitted to the vehicle transmitted through an impulse sensor, and the control unit receives information received through the driving control module, The light transmittance of the smart film attached to the front glass, left driver's seat glass, right driver's seat glass, left passenger seat glass, right passenger seat glass, rear window, and sunroof of the vehicle window can be individually controlled.

The control unit, as information transmitted through the driving control module, controls the smart film attached to the vehicle window to a set light transmittance when the vehicle is turned on and the vehicle's transmission is in a driving or neutral state, and controls the driving control. This is information transmitted through a module, and when the vehicle's transmission is selected to be in reverse, the smart film attached to the rear glass of the vehicle window is discolored to control it to be transparent, or it is attached to the left driver's seat glass and the right driver's seat window among the vehicle windows. The smart film is controlled to discolor transparently, and as information transmitted through the driving control module, when the vehicle's turn signal lamp is activated or the steering angle of the vehicle's steering wheel is rotated more than a set angle, the glass on the left side of the driver's seat and the right side of the driver's seat Control the discoloration of the smart film attached to the glass on the side where the turn signal is activated or the direction in which the handle is rotated to make it transparent, and when the vehicle's impulse transmitted through the impulse sensor is more than the set value, the vehicle window All attached smart films are transparently discolored, and the control unit determines that the temperature inside the vehicle transmitted through the temperature sensor as information transmitted through the driving control module is within the standard temperature range, and that the vehicle's transmission is in a parked state. When selected, the smart film attached to the vehicle window is controlled to be opaque for a preset time from the time the vehicle's transmission is selected to the parking state, and after the preset time, the smart film attached to the vehicle window is made transparent. Control, and when the temperature inside the vehicle transmitted through the temperature sensor as information transmitted through the driving control module is outside the standard temperature range, the smart film attached to the vehicle window can be transparently controlled.

The smart film is controlled opaquely by the control unit. When the average transmittance measured every 10 nm from 380 to 780 nm is 0.3 to 15%, the average transmittance measured every 50 nm from 350 to 2100 nm is 0.3 to 8%, and the average transmittance from 380 to 780 nm is 10 nm. The average reflectance measured every 50 nm is 1.5 to 6.5%, the average reflectance measured every 50 nm is 33 to 47%, and the turbidity can be 85 to 99.7%.

Among the vehicle windows, the smart film attached to the left glass of the driver's seat and the right glass of the driver's seat controls the color change of the area corresponding to the side mirror provided on the outside of the side of the vehicle independently from the remaining area, and the control unit is configured to control the driving control module. When the vehicle's transmission is in a driving or neutral state and the vehicle's turn signal light is activated, information transmitted through The discoloration of the film can be controlled to be transparent.

Among the vehicle windows, the smart film attached to the left glass of the driver's seat and the right glass of the driver's seat controls the discoloration of the area corresponding to the side mirror provided on the outside of the side of the vehicle independently from the remaining area, and transmits the information transmitted through the driving control module. As information, when the vehicle's transmission is selected to be in reverse, the smart film in the side mirror areas of the rear glass, the left glass of the driver's seat, and the right glass of the driver's seat can be controlled to change color to transparent.

Among the vehicle windows, a plurality of smart films that are electrically separated from each other are disposed on the sunroof so as not to overlap each other in the front and rear directions of the vehicle, and the control unit can independently control each of the smart films disposed on the sunroof.

According to the above configuration, the smart film according to the present invention, the smart window for a vehicle equipped with the same, and the smart film module for a vehicle equipped with the same optimally control the light transmittance of the vehicle window according to the driving mode such as forward driving, backward driving, and rotation of the car. Therefore, it blocks direct sunlight, protects privacy, and secures the driver's field of view.

In addition, the smart film according to the present invention, the smart window for a vehicle equipped with the same, and the smart film module for a vehicle equipped with the same control the light transmittance of the vehicle window according to the parking time and temperature, thereby protecting privacy and promoting the safety of passengers. It works.

The effects of the present invention are not limited to the effects described above, and should be understood to include all effects that can be inferred from the configuration of the invention described in the detailed description or claims of the present invention.

Figure 1 is a diagram showing a car to which a smart film for vehicles is applied according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of a smart film for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a smart film for vehicles according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a diagram showing the process of producing a smart film for vehicles according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a diagram showing a smart window for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 6 is a diagram showing a smart window for a vehicle in which a smart film is applied to double-laminated glass according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing double-laminated glass on which the terminal portion of the smart film of FIG. 6 is formed.
Figure 8 is a diagram showing a smart window for a vehicle in which a plurality of smart films are disposed on the window for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 9 is a diagram showing when a vehicle equipped with a smart film module for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is in a forward driving mode.
Figure 10 is a diagram showing when a vehicle equipped with a smart film module for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is in parking mode, and Figure 10 (a) shows when the vehicle is parked within a preset time. This is a diagram, and Figure 10(b) is a diagram showing after a preset time has elapsed after the vehicle is parked.
Figure 11 is a diagram showing when a vehicle equipped with a smart film module for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is in reverse mode.
Figure 12 is a diagram showing when a vehicle equipped with a smart film module for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is rotated.
Figure 13 is a diagram showing when an impact is applied to a vehicle equipped with a smart film module for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 14 is a diagram showing a smart film attached to the front left and right windshields of a smart film module for a vehicle according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 15 is a diagram showing when a vehicle equipped with a smart film module for a vehicle according to another embodiment of the present invention is rotated.
Figure 16 is a diagram showing when a vehicle equipped with a smart film module for a vehicle according to another embodiment of the present invention is in reverse mode.
Figure 17 is a diagram showing when a smart film module for a vehicle according to another embodiment of the present invention is applied to a sunroof.

Hereinafter, with reference to the attached drawings, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present invention. The present invention may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. In order to clearly explain the present invention, parts not related to the description have been omitted in the drawings, and identical or similar components are given the same reference numerals throughout the specification.

The words and terms used in this specification and claims are not to be construed as limited in their usual or dictionary meanings, but according to the principle that the inventor can define terms and concepts in order to explain his or her invention in the best way. It must be interpreted with meaning and concepts consistent with technical ideas.

Therefore, the embodiments described in this specification and the configuration shown in the drawings correspond to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and do not represent the entire technical idea of the present invention, so the configuration may be replaced by various alternatives at the time of filing of the present invention. There may be equivalents and variations.

In this specification, terms such as “comprise” or “have” are intended to describe the presence of features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, but are not intended to describe the presence of one or more other features. It should be understood that it does not exclude in advance the possibility of the existence or addition of elements, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

A component being “in front,” “rear,” “above,” or “below” another component means that it is in direct contact with the other component, unless there are special circumstances. This includes not only those placed at the “bottom” but also cases where another component is placed in the middle. In addition, the fact that a component is "connected" to another component includes not only being directly connected to each other, but also indirectly connected to each other, unless there are special circumstances.

Hereinafter, a smart film module for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Figure 1 is a diagram showing a car to which a smart film for a vehicle is applied according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of a smart film for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the smart film module 100 for a vehicle according to this embodiment may include a smart film 110 and a control unit 120.

The vehicle 10 is equipped with a plurality of windows made of transparent glass to secure the driver's view and provide lighting and ventilation.

Generally, a front glass 21 and a rear glass 26 are provided, a driver's left glass 22 on the left and right sides of the front seat, a right driver's seat glass 23, a left passenger glass 24 on the left and right sides of the rear seat, and a right passenger glass ( 25) may be provided. Additionally, depending on the vehicle model, a sunroof 27 may be provided on the roof.

Of course, the arrangement of these vehicle windows may vary depending on the type of vehicle and the number of seats.

In addition, the vehicle 10 is equipped with a transmission to transmit the driving force of the engine or motor, which is the power source, to the driving wheels, and collects information from various devices or sensors of the vehicle 10 to collect information from the vehicle 10, including the power source and transmission. An ECU (40) that controls various devices (10) may be provided.

In addition, the vehicle 10 includes a temperature sensor 31 that measures the indoor temperature of the vehicle 10, a radiation sensor 32 that measures the amount or intensity of sunlight irradiated to the vehicle 10, and a sensor that controls the transmission. A transmission control unit 33, a steering angle sensor 34 that measures the steering angle of the steering wheel, and an impact sensor 36 that detects whether an accident or the like has occurred in the vehicle may be provided.

Additionally, the ECU 40 of the vehicle 10 can detect whether the turn signal switch 35 is activated. In addition, an emergency button 37 may be provided that allows the occupants to notify the outside world in case of an emergency such as a crime, accident, or fire.

The ECU (40) of the vehicle (10) includes the temperature sensor, dose sensor (32), transmission control unit, steering angle sensor (34), turn signal switch (35), impulse sensor (36), and emergency button (37). ), etc., to understand information input from sensors and devices and to control various devices installed in the vehicle 10.

The smart film 110 includes the front glass 21, the left driver's seat glass 22, the right driver's seat glass 23, the left passenger seat glass 24, the right passenger seat glass 25, and the rear glass 26 of the vehicle 10. ) and each glass of a vehicle window including the sunroof 27, and the light transmittance can be controlled to be transparent or opaque by current control of the control unit 120.

That is, the smart film 110 includes a smart film 121 attached to the windshield 21, a smart film 122 attached to the left glass 22 of the driver's seat, and a smart film attached to the right glass 23 of the driver's seat. (123), smart film 124 attached to the left glass 24 of the passenger seat, smart film 125 attached to the right glass 25 of the passenger seat, smart film 126 attached to the rear glass 26, and sunroof It may include a smart film 127 attached to (27).

The smart film 110 is controlled to be transparent or opaque by controlling the current and is made to adjust the light transmittance. As shown in FIG. 3, a transparent electrode thin film ( An ITO) layer 113 may be formed, and a metal layer 115 that simultaneously serves as an electrode may be formed on the other side of the liquid crystal layer 111.

Additionally, transparent layers 117a and 117b made of transparent synthetic resin may be formed on the outer surfaces of the transparent electrode thin film layer 113 and the metal layer 115. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) may be used as a material for the transparent layers 117a and 117b.

Additionally, a transparent adhesive layer 119 may be provided on one side of the transparent layer 117a to be attached to the glass of the vehicle 10.

At this time, the metal layer 115 can perform an electrode function and also serve as a heat shield, so it can also prevent a temperature increase in the vehicle 10 due to direct sunlight.

By controlling the signal applied to the liquid crystal layer 111 through the transparent electrode thin film layer 113 and the metal layer 115, the arrangement of the liquid crystal layer 111 can be changed and the light transmittance can be controlled.

At this time, the transparent electrode thin film layer 113 has a thickness range of 5 ~ 100 nm, the metal layer 115 has a thickness range of 5 ~ 200 nm, and the transparent layers (117a, 117b) have a thickness range of 25 ~ 188㎛. The adhesive layer has a thickness ranging from 5 to 30㎛ and may be formed of acrylic or silicone-based.

Figure 4 is a diagram showing the process of manufacturing the smart film 110. When manufacturing the smart film 110, as shown in (a) of FIG. 4, a metal layer 115 can be formed by sputtering on one side of either transparent layer 117a or 117b. In addition, as shown in (b) of FIG. 4, the transparent electrode thin film layer 113 can be formed on one side of the other of the transparent layers 117a and 117b by similarly sputtering.

And, as shown in (c) of FIG. 4, transparent layers 117a and 117b on which the metal layer 115 is formed are stacked on one side of the liquid crystal layer 111, and the transparent electrode thin film layer is formed on the other side of the liquid crystal layer 111. (113) can be stacked and then cured.

Additionally, a transparent adhesive layer 119 may be laminated on one side of either of the transparent layers 117a and 117b.

Therefore, the smart film 110 can be cut to fit the shape of the glass of the car window to be attached and then attached to the glass through the transparent adhesive layer 119. Or, conversely, it may be cut into a glass shape after being attached to a car window through the transparent adhesive layer 119.

And, after the transparent layers 117a and 117b are formed, a terminal portion 116 connected to the transparent electrode thin film layer 113 and the metal layer 115 and formed to receive an electric signal from the outside may be formed.

As glass applied to automobile windows, a single layer of glass may be applied depending on the vehicle type and the installation location of the window, or a double-laminated glass made of two pieces of glass bonded together may be applied.

Figure 5 is a diagram showing a smart film 110 attached to a single layer of glass 20. When the smart film 110 is applied to a single-layer glass, the transparent adhesive layer 119 of the smart film 110 is attached to the inner surface of the vehicle window 20, which is a single-layer glass, so that the smart film 110 is a vehicle window. (20) can be applied to create smart windows for vehicles.

At this time, the terminal portion 116 of the smart film 110 may be placed on the edge of the side opposite to the side of the smart film 110 in contact with the vehicle window 20.

In the drawing, the terminal unit 116 is shown as an example of being placed on the lower side of the smart film 110, but it can be placed on the lower side as well as the side or top as needed.

By inserting the terminal 41, which is electrically connected to the control unit 120, which will be described later, into the terminal unit 116, the smart film 110 can be electrically connected to the control unit 120.

Figure 6 is a diagram showing the smart film 110 applied to the double-laminated glass 20', and Figure 7 is a diagram showing the terminal portion 116 of the smart film 110 applied to the double-laminated glass 20'. It is a drawing.

Double laminated glass 20' is glass that is laminated by placing a film, etc. between a pair of glasses for safety or sound insulation. This double-laminated glass 20' does not scatter into pieces even if broken and can provide functionality such as sound insulation and solar ray blocking depending on the properties of the disposed film, so it can be used in areas greatly related to safety, such as the windshield 21 of a vehicle. It can be applied to or to luxury cars.

When the smart film 110 is applied to the double-laminated glass 20', as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the first glass layer 20'a is disposed toward the outside of the vehicle and toward the inside of the vehicle. A smart film 110 may be placed between the second glass layers 20'b.

At this time, the terminal portion 116 of the smart film 110 extends to the outside of the vehicle window 20', and the extended portion surrounds the end of the vehicle window 20' while forming the vehicle window 20'. ) may be attached to the surface of the vehicle window in a bent state so as to cover the edge of one of both surfaces of the window.

At this time, the terminal portion 116 of the smart film may be attached to the surface facing the inside of the vehicle among both surfaces of the vehicle window 20'. Of course, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be attached to the surface of the vehicle window 2-' facing the outside of the vehicle. Additionally, the terminal portion 116 of the smart film may be formed on at least one of the lower side, upper side, left side, or right side of the vehicle window 20'.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, a cover tape 118 covers the end of the terminal portion 116 of the smart film to prevent foreign substances from penetrating between the terminal portion 116 and the vehicle window 20'. etc. may be provided.

Additionally, the smart film 110 may have either a normal mode or a reverse mode driving method.

In the smart film driven in the normal mode, the liquid crystal layer 111 of the smart film 110 is opaque when power is not applied, and the liquid crystal layer 111 becomes transparent when power is applied. You can.

In addition, the smart film driven in the reverse mode has an additional alignment film (not shown) disposed on both sides of the liquid crystal layer, and, contrary to the normal mode method, is transparent when power is not applied and is transparent when power is not applied. Once approved, it may become opaque.

Therefore, the smart film 110 having the normal mode or reverse mode driving method can be applied to the vehicle window 20 described above. At this time, the same smart film 110 may be applied to all vehicle windows 20, or one of the normal mode or reverse mode smart films may be applied to some of the vehicle windows 20, and the remaining smart films 110 may be applied to the vehicle windows 20. An appropriate smart film can be selected and applied depending on the position of the vehicle window 20, such as applying another one.

For example, a smart film with a transparent reverse mode operation method is applied to the front glass 21, which must ensure visibility even when power is lost in an unexpected situation, and normally blocks sunlight when power is not applied. A smart film with a normal mode driving method can be applied to the sunroof 27 that needs to be operated.

In addition, one smart film may be disposed in one vehicle window, but if necessary, a plurality of smart films electrically separated from each other may be disposed in one vehicle window. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of smart films, such as the first smart film 110a and the second smart film 110b, can be placed on a single vehicle window 20.

At this time, each smart film may have an independent first terminal portion 116a and a second terminal portion 116b. That is, the first smart film 110a may include a first terminal portion 116a, and the second smart film 110b may include a second terminal portion 116b. Additionally, since the first terminal portion 116a and the second terminal portion 116b are provided independently of each other, the first smart film 110a and the second smart film 110b can be driven independently of each other.

At this time, the first smart film (110a) and the second smart film (110b) do not overlap each other and can be arranged adjacently so that there is no empty space between the first smart film (110a) and the second smart film (110b). there is.

Meanwhile, the control unit 120 is connected to each smart film 110 and connected to a driving control module that determines the driving mode and environmental conditions of the vehicle 10, that is, the ECU 40, and operates through the ECU 40. By controlling the current signal applied to each smart film 110 installed on the vehicle window according to the driving mode and environmental conditions of the vehicle 10, the light transmittance of the smart film 110 attached to each glass is individually adjusted. You can control it.

The control unit 120 may be integrated into the ECU 40 of the vehicle 10 described above, or may be installed separately and connected to the ECU 40 by wire or wirelessly.

Alternatively, if necessary, a temperature sensor 31 and an irradiated light sensor may be installed in the control unit 120.

As described above, the control unit 120 can control the light transmittance of the smart film 110 according to the driving mode of the vehicle 10.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating each window of the vehicle 10 when the vehicle 10 is traveling forward.

When the vehicle 10 is traveling forward, the engine or motor of the vehicle 10 is on, and the transmission may be in a driving (D) or neutral (N) state.

When the vehicle 10 is driving forward, the control unit 120 detects from the ECU 40 of the vehicle 10 that the engine or motor of the vehicle 10 is in the on state and the transmission is in drive (D) or neutral ( N) status information is received, and at this time, each of the smart films 110 attached to the vehicle window can be controlled to a light transmittance set by the user or set by the manufacturer.

For example, the smart film 121 attached to the front glass 21 is set to have a visible light transmittance of 70% or more, and the smart film 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127 attached to the front and rear left and right glass and the rear glass ) can be set so that the visible light transmittance is 50% or less. Of course, this visible light transmittance can be changed or adjusted as needed, such as changes in the amount of sunlight irradiated during the day or night and in shaded areas.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing each window of the vehicle 10 when the driving mode of the vehicle 10 is in the parking state, and (a) in FIG. 10 shows a preset time from the time the vehicle 10 enters the parking state. This is a diagram illustrating a time within 10 seconds, and Figure 10(b) is a diagram illustrating a preset time after the vehicle 10 enters the parking state.

When the vehicle 10 is in a parked state, the transmission of the vehicle 10 may be in a parked (P) state.

When the driver operates the transmission of the vehicle 10 to the park (P) state, the control unit 120 receives information that the transmission is in the park state from the ECU 40 of the vehicle 10, as shown in FIG. 10 (a) As shown, when the temperature inside the vehicle 10 transmitted through the temperature sensor 31 of the vehicle 10 is within the standard temperature range, a preset time is elapsed from the time the transmission of the vehicle 10 is selected to the parking state. All of the smart films (121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127) attached to the vehicle window can be controlled to be opaque.

At this time, controlling the smart film attached to the vehicle window to be opaque means that the saturation of the vehicle window to which the smart film is attached becomes darker than usual or immediately before, and the visible light transmittance decreases compared to usual or immediately before.

In addition, transparently controlling the smart film attached to the vehicle window also means that the saturation of the vehicle window to which the smart film is attached becomes lighter than usual or just before, so that the visible light transmittance increases compared to usual or just before.

Additionally, the reference temperature range may be a room temperature range where humans can reside, for example, from 0 degrees Celsius to 30 degrees Celsius. Of course, this reference temperature range may be set differently as needed.

The reason for controlling the smart film 110 attached to the vehicle window to be opaque for a preset time from the time the transmission of the vehicle 10 is selected to the parking state is to block the occupants' privacy from external view until the occupants are ready to get off. This is to protect the vehicle 10 and at the same time prevent the occupants from becoming targets of crime by making it difficult to determine who is on board the vehicle 10 and when they are getting off.

In addition, the control unit 120 can transparently control all of the smart films 110 attached to the vehicle window after a preset time has elapsed from the time the transmission of the vehicle 10 is selected to the parking state.

This is to help with rescue by allowing the child or pet to be discovered from the outside to discover who is inside the vehicle 10 when a child or pet is left inside the vehicle 10. In addition, if the window is kept opaque when parking for a long time, criminals can break into the inside of the vehicle 10 and board it for a long time. Therefore, the intrusion of criminals can be prevented by transparently controlling the vehicle window after a preset time.

Meanwhile, in a situation where the transmission is selected in the parking state, if the temperature inside the vehicle 10 transmitted to the control unit 120 through the temperature sensor 31 is a harsh environment outside the reference temperature range, the control unit 120 ) transparently controls all of the smart films (121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127) attached to the vehicle window, making it easy to discover people or animals inside the vehicle (10) from the outside. can be promoted.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating each window of the vehicle 10 when the vehicle 10 is in a reverse driving mode.

When the vehicle 10 is in a reverse state, the transmission of the vehicle 10 may be in a reverse (R) state.

When the driver operates the transmission of the vehicle 10 to the reverse (R) state, the control unit 120 receives information from the ECU 40 of the vehicle 10 that the transmission is in the reverse state, as shown in FIG. 11. Likewise, the smart film 126 attached to the rear glass 26 of the vehicle 10 can be controlled transparently.

This is because the driver needs to have a rear view when reversing, so by transparently controlling the smart film 126 attached to the rear glass 26 of the vehicle 10, a better rear view can be provided to the driver. there is.

In addition, when the transmission is in a reverse state, the control unit 120 can transparently control the smart films 122 and 123 attached to the left driver's seat glass 22 and the right driver's seat glass 23 of the vehicle 10. there is.

This is to control the driver's seat left glass 22 and the driver's seat right glass 23 to be transparent so that the driver can check the side mirror because the driver secures the rear view through the side mirror 28 when reversing.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating each window of the vehicle 10 when the vehicle 10 rotates.

As shown in FIG. 12, when the driver activates the turn signal lamp 29 for reasons such as changing lanes, the control unit 120 operates the turn signal lamp 29 among the driver's seat left glass 22 and the driver's seat right glass 23. ) can be controlled to discolor the smart film 122 attached to the glass on the operating side to make it transparent, allowing the driver to easily see the sides and rear through the side mirror 28.

That is, when the left turn signal is activated, the smart film 122 on the left glass 22 of the driver's seat is discolored and controlled to become transparent, and when the right turn signal is activated, the smart film 123 on the right driver's seat glass 23 is controlled to be transparent. Discoloration can be controlled.

Alternatively, when the emergency lights are activated and both turn signals blink together, the smart films 122 and 123 on the front left and driver's seat right windows 22 and 23 may be controlled to become transparent.

Alternatively, the driver may steer the car due to driving on a curve or changing lanes.

At this time, steering angle information of the steering wheel may be transmitted to the control unit 120 through the ECU 40 of the vehicle 10 through the steering angle sensor 34.

When the steering angle of the steering wheel of the vehicle 10 is rotated more than a set angle, the control unit 120 is attached to the glass in the direction in which the steering wheel is rotated, among the driver's seat left glass 22 and the driver's seat right glass 23. By controlling the discoloration of the smart films 122 and 123 to make them transparent, it is possible to ensure visibility in the corresponding direction or side and rear visibility through the side mirror.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing each window of the vehicle 10 when an impact is applied to the vehicle 10.

Accidents may occur while driving, stopping, or parking. In this case, in order to safely and easily rescue the vehicle, the situation inside the vehicle 10 must be easily visible from the outside of the vehicle 10.

The impulse sensor 36 installed in the vehicle 10 monitors the acceleration applied to the vehicle 10, and the information collected from the impulse sensor 36 in the ECU 40 determines whether an impact is applied to the vehicle 10. It is possible to determine whether an accident occurred, and if more than the set amount of impact (acceleration value) is input, it can be determined that an accident has occurred.

Therefore, when an impact sufficient to be judged as an accident is applied to the vehicle 10, the control unit 120 controls all smart films 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, and 127 attached to the vehicle windows to become transparent. By doing so, it is possible to easily determine the situation inside the vehicle 10 from outside the vehicle 10.

Hereinafter, a smart film 110 module for vehicles according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Figure 14 is a diagram showing a smart film 110 attached to the front left and right windshields of a smart film 110 module for a vehicle according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The smart film 110 module for a vehicle according to this embodiment includes a smart film 110 attached to a vehicle window similar to the smart film 110 module for a vehicle in the above-described embodiment, and a control unit 120 that controls the smart film 110. ) may include.

The smart film 110 and the control unit 120 attached to the vehicle window according to this embodiment may be similar or identical to the smart film 110 and the control unit 120 of the above-described embodiment.

However, since the shape of the smart film 110 attached to the glass disposed on the left and right sides of the driver's seat, such as the driver's seat left glass 22 and the driver's seat right glass 23, is different, the description of this embodiment differs from the above-described embodiment. I will mainly explain the parts.

Similar to the above-described embodiment, smart films 122 and 123 may be attached to the glass disposed on the left and right sides of the driver's seat, such as the driver's seat left glass 22 and the driver's seat right glass 23. In this case, the smart film ( The area corresponding to the side mirror 28 provided on the outer side of the vehicle (122, 123) may be provided to be discolored independently of the remaining areas.

Here, the area corresponding to the side mirror of the smart films 122 and 123 attached to the glass disposed on the left and right sides of the driver's seat will be referred to as the first area 222a, and the remaining area will be referred to as the second area 222b. .

That is, as shown in FIG. 14, the first area 222a of the driver's seat left glass 22 and the driver's seat right glass 23 may be cut and attached separately, or the driver's seat left glass 22 and the driver's seat right glass 23 may be separately cut and attached. The first area 222a of the smart films 122 and 123 attached to the glass 23 may be provided to be controlled independently of the second area 222b. The control unit 120 may be provided to independently control the first area 222a and the second area 222b.

As shown in FIG. 15, when the driver activates the turn signal or steers the steering wheel due to changing lanes or driving on a curve, the control unit 120 controls one of the driver's seat left glass 22 and the driver's seat right glass 23. The first area (222a) of the smart film (122, 123) attached to the glass on the side where the turn signal is activated is discolored to control to make it transparent so that the driver can easily see the sides and rear through the side mirror (28). By controlling the discoloration of the first area 222a of the smart film 110 attached to the glass in the direction in which the handle is rotated to transparent, the field of view in the corresponding direction or the side and rear views through the side mirror 28 can be secured. .

In addition, as shown in FIG. 16, when the driver operates the transmission in the reverse (R) state, the smart film 110 attached to the rear glass 26 of the vehicle 10, the left glass 22 of the driver's seat, and By controlling the discoloration of the first area (222a) of the smart film (122, 123) attached to the driver's seat right glass (23) to transparent, the rear view through the rear glass (26) and the side view through the side mirror (28) are provided to the driver. Can provide rear visibility.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 17, when the vehicle 10 is equipped with a sunroof 27, or especially in the case of a vehicle equipped with a sunroof with a large area such as a panoramic sunroof or a wide sunroof, the sunroof is As described above with reference to FIG. 8, one or more smart films such as the first smart film 127a and the second smart film 127b may be provided. At this time, the first smart film 127a and the second smart film 127b are arranged in the front and rear directions of the vehicle 10 and can be controlled or manipulated to be transparent or opaque depending on the angle of incidence of sunlight or the operation of the passenger. there is.

Of course, it can be applied similarly to vehicles with not only a sunroof but also a ceiling made of glass.

As shown in FIG. 3, the smart film according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a transparent electrode thin film layer 113, a metal layer 115, and a liquid crystal layer 111 interposed between the transparent electrode thin film layer 113 and the metal layer 115. ) and transparent layers 117a and 117b provided on one or both sides of the liquid crystal display.

First, before explaining each layer provided in the smart film 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the smart film 100 according to the present invention must satisfy both conditions (1) and (2) below. Explain why.

If the average transmittance measured every 10 nm in the wavelength of 380 ~ 780 nm of the smart film is low, the desired visibility may not be achieved after power is applied, and if the average transmittance measured every 10 nm in the wavelength of 380 ~ 780 nm of the smart film is high. In this case, if power is not applied, invisibility may not be achieved at the desired level. In addition, if the average transmittance measured every 50 nm in the wavelength of 350 ~ 2100 nm of the smart film is low, the desired visibility may not be achieved when power is applied, and the average transmittance measured every 50 nm in the wavelength of 350 ~ 2100 nm of the smart film is low. If this is high, invisibility may not be achieved at the desired level when power is not applied, and heat insulation performance may be poor. In addition, if the average reflectance measured every 10 nm in the wavelength of 380 ~ 780 nm of the smart film is low, invisibility may not be achieved at the desired level when power is not applied, and measured every 10 nm in the wavelength of 380 ~ 780 nm of the smart film. If the average reflectance is high, visibility may be reduced when power is applied. In addition, if the average reflectance measured every 50 nm in the smart film's wavelength of 350 ~ 2100 nm is low, the heat shielding performance may deteriorate, and invisibility may not be achieved at the desired level when power is not applied. If the average reflectance measured every 50 nm at ~2100 nm is high, the desired visibility may not be achieved when power is turned on. In addition, if the turbidity of the smart film is low, invisibility may not be achieved at the desired level when power is not applied, and heat shielding performance may be reduced, and if the turbidity of the smart film is high, the desired visibility may not be achieved when power is applied. You can.

Accordingly, the smart film must exhibit a predetermined average transmittance and average reflectance at a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm, a predetermined average transmittance and average reflectance at a wavelength of 350 to 2100 nm, and a predetermined turbidity. Accordingly, the smart film according to the present invention ( 100) is designed to satisfy both conditions (1) and (2) below.

As condition (1) And, preferably, It can be, and as condition (2) And, preferably, It can be.

At this time, a is the average transmittance (%) measured every 10 nm at a wavelength of 380 ~ 780 nm, b is the average transmittance (%) measured every 50 nm at a wavelength of 350 ~ 2100 nm, and c is 10% at a wavelength of 380 ~ 780 nm. The average reflectance (%) measured every nm, d represents the average reflectance (%) measured every 50 nm at a wavelength of 350 to 2100 nm, and e represents the turbidity (%).

If in condition (1) above If is less than 0.017, the desired visibility may not be achieved after power is applied. If it exceeds 1.75, invisibility may not be achieved at the desired level when power is not applied, and heat insulation performance may be poor. Additionally, in condition (2) above, If is less than 1.1, invisibility may not be achieved at the desired level when power is not applied, and heat insulation performance may be poor. If it exceeds 33.5, the desired visibility may not be achieved when power is turned on.

Hereinafter, each layer provided in the smart film 100 will be described.

First, the transparent electrode thin film layer 113 will be described.

The transparent electrode thin film layer 113 is disposed on one side of the liquid crystal layer 111, which will be described later, and supplies the applied power to the liquid crystal layer 111 when power is applied, thereby rotating/driving the liquid crystal included in the liquid crystal layer 111. It performs the function of changing the physical properties of the smart film depending on whether power is applied or not.

The transparent electrode thin film layer 113 can be used without limitation as long as it is a material capable of performing the above-described functions in the art, and may preferably include any one or more of a conductive polymer, a conductive metal, a conductive nanowire, or a metal oxide. and, more preferably, it may contain a metal oxide, and even more preferably, it may be ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), which may be more advantageous for achieving the purpose of the present invention.

Additionally, the transparent electrode thin film layer 113 may have a thickness of 3 to 150 nm, and preferably may have a thickness of 4 to 130 nm. If the thickness of the electrode layer is less than 3 nm, the reaction speed may be reduced due to high resistance, and the desired level of invisibility may not be achieved when power is not applied. If the thickness of the electrode layer exceeds 150 nm, the transmittance by wavelength may decrease. It may be degraded, and visibility may be reduced when power is applied.

In addition, the transparent electrode thin film layer 113 may have a sheet resistance of 5 to 250 Ω/□ (Ω/sq), and preferably may have a sheet resistance of 8 to 230 Ω/□. If the sheet resistance of the electrode layer is less than 5Ω/□, the transmittance for each wavelength may be reduced and visibility may be reduced when power is applied. If the sheet resistance is more than 250 Ω/□, the reaction speed may be reduced due to high resistance, If power is not applied, the desired level of invisibility may not be achieved.

Next, the metal layer 115 will be described.

The metal layer 115, along with the transparent electrode thin film layer 113 described above, is disposed on the other side of the liquid crystal layer 111, which will be described later, and supplies the applied power to the liquid crystal layer 111 when power is applied. ) performs the function of changing the physical properties of the smart film depending on whether or not power is applied by rotating/driving the liquid crystal included in the smart film 100, and at the same time, it performs the function of improving the heat shielding performance of the smart film 100. In other words, the metal layer serves as an electrode that rotates/drives the liquid crystal and also exhibits heat shielding performance.

The metal layer 115 can be used without limitation as long as it is a material capable of performing the functions described above in the art, but is preferably made of gold, silver, copper, aluminum, platinum, titanium, iron, nickel, chromium, palladium, indium, One or more types selected from the group consisting of metals containing at least one of tin and zinc, alloys containing at least two of the above metals, and metal oxides containing at least one of the above metals may be used, and are more preferred. Metals containing any one or more of gold, silver, copper, aluminum, nickel, chromium, indium, tin, and zinc, alloys containing any two or more of the above metals, and metals containing any one or more of the above metals. One or more types selected from the group consisting of oxides may be used.

Meanwhile, the metal layer 115 may be implemented as a multi-layered metal layer (not shown) to include at least two metal-derived layers. Preferably, the multi-layered metal layer may include 3 to 7 metal-derived layers. , more preferably 3 to 6 metal-derived layers, and even more preferably 3 to 5 metal-derived layers. When the metal layer 115 is implemented as a multi-layered metal layer (not shown) to include at least two metal-derived layers, the effect of the present invention is less than 3 or more than 7 metal-derived layers of the multi-layered metal layer. may not be achieved at the desired level.

The metal layer 115 may have a thickness of 3 to 250 nm, and preferably may have a thickness of 4 to 230 nm. If the thickness of the metal layer is less than 3 nm, the heat shielding performance may be reduced, the reaction speed may be reduced due to high resistance, and the desired level of invisibility may not be achieved when power is not applied, and the thickness of the metal layer may be 250 nm. If it exceeds ㎚, the transmittance for each wavelength may decrease and visibility may decrease when power is applied.

In addition, the metal layer 115 may have a sheet resistance of 3 to 70 Ω/□, and preferably may have a sheet resistance of 4 to 55 Ω/□. If the sheet resistance of the metal layer is less than 3Ω/□, the transmittance for each wavelength may be reduced and visibility may be reduced when power is applied, and if the sheet resistance exceeds 70Ω/□, heat shielding performance may be reduced, and the resistance is high and the reaction Speed may decrease and the desired level of invisibility may not be achieved when power is not applied.

Next, the liquid crystal layer 111 interposed between the transparent electrode thin film layer 113 and the metal layer 115 will be described.

The liquid crystal layer 111 functions to change the physical properties of the smart film by changing its state to transparent, translucent, or opaque when power is applied. Specifically, when power is not applied to the liquid crystal layer 111, the liquid crystal is provided in a random orientation, and when power is applied to the liquid crystal layer 111, the liquid crystal is aligned in a direction (ㅣ) parallel to the thickness direction of the smart film. The physical properties can be changed by being rotated/driven.

The liquid crystal layer 111 can be used without limitation as long as it has a liquid crystal layer composition that can be commonly used in the art, and therefore, this is not particularly limited in the present invention.

Additionally, the liquid crystal layer 111 may have a thickness of 3 to 40 μm, and preferably may have a thickness of 6 to 35 μm. If the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is less than 3㎛, the desired level of invisibility may not be achieved when power is not applied, and the change in physical properties according to power application may be minimal, and if the thickness exceeds 40㎛, the transmittance for each wavelength may decrease. and visibility may be reduced when power is turned on.

Next, the transparent layers 117a and 117b provided on one or both sides of the liquid crystal display will be described.

The transparent layers 117a and 117b may be provided on one or both sides of the liquid crystal display, preferably on both sides of the liquid crystal display. Accordingly, while performing the role of a support layer for the transparent electrode thin film layer 113 and the metal layer 115 described above, it also functions to protect the smart film 100.

The transparent layers (117a, 117b) can be made of any common material in the industry that can protect the smart film 100 while serving as a support layer for the transparent electrode thin film layer 113 and the metal layer 115 described above. It can be used without, and preferably, PET film can be used.

Additionally, the transparent layers 117a and 117b may have a thickness of 10 to 240 μm, and preferably may have a thickness of 15 to 220 μm. If the thickness of the base part is less than 10㎛, the base part may be deformed or broken during the manufacturing process, and thickness variations of the base part and/or each layer due to uneven tension of the base part may occur, resulting in appearance and optical properties (transmittance and turbidity). Defects may occur, and if the thickness of the substrate exceeds 240㎛, curl defects may occur, and problems may occur in which the desired turbidity range cannot be displayed.

Meanwhile, according to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the smart film 100 has a transparent adhesive layer 119 disposed on the back of the base portion 20 opposite to the metal layer 115. More may be included.

The transparent adhesive layer 119 functions to adhere the smart film 100 to the window 200, and can be used without limitation as long as it is a component of an adhesive layer commonly used in the industry, preferably polyester resin. , one type selected from the group consisting of a urethane resin, an acrylic resin, or a resin containing derivatives thereof may be used.

Additionally, the transparent adhesive layer 119 may have a thickness of 2 to 160 μm, and preferably may have a thickness of 3 to 150 μm. If the thickness of the adhesive layer is less than 2㎛, the adhesive strength may decrease, and if the thickness exceeds 160㎛, the cost of raw materials increases and the curing time becomes longer, resulting in a decrease in production speed and the need for a large amount of heat, which may lead to problems of increased energy consumption. Visibility may be reduced when power is applied to the smart film due to differences in surface roughness and refractive index of the adhesive layer.

Of course, the transparent adhesive layer 119 may be removed as needed.

The smart film 100 according to the present invention may have an average transmittance of 0.3 to 15% measured every 10 nm at a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm to satisfy the above-mentioned conditions (1) and (2), preferably at a wavelength of 380 nm. The average transmittance measured every 10 nm at ~ 780 nm may be 0.5 ~ 12%, and the average transmittance measured every 50 nm at a wavelength of 350 ~ 2100 nm may be 0.3 ~ 8%, preferably at a wavelength of 350 ~ 2100 nm. The average transmittance measured every 50 nm may be 0.5 to 6.5%. If the average transmittance in the wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm is less than 0.3%, or if the average transmittance in the wavelength range of 350 to 2100 nm is less than 0.3%, the desired visibility may not be achieved after power is applied. If the average transmittance at nm exceeds 15% or the average transmittance at a wavelength of 350 ~ 2100 nm exceeds 8%, invisibility may not be achieved at the desired level when power is not applied, and heat shielding performance may be poor.

In addition, the smart film 100 according to the present invention may have an average reflectance of 1.5 to 6.5% measured every 10 nm at a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm to satisfy the above-mentioned conditions (1) and (2), and preferably The average reflectance measured every 10 nm at a wavelength of 380 ~ 780 nm may be 2 ~ 6%, and the average reflectance measured every 50 nm at a wavelength of 350 ~ 2100 nm may be 33 ~ 47%, preferably at a wavelength of 350 ~ 2100 nm. The average reflectance measured every 50 nm at 2100 nm may be 35 to 45%. If the average reflectance at the wavelength of 380 ~ 780 nm is less than 1.5%, or the average reflectance at the wavelength of 350 ~ 2100 nm is less than 33%, the heat shielding performance may be reduced, and invisibility will be achieved at the desired level when power is not applied. If the average reflectance at a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm exceeds 6.5%, or the average reflectance at a wavelength of 350 to 2100 nm exceeds 47%, the desired visibility may not be achieved when power is applied.

In addition, the smart film 100 according to the present invention may have a turbidity of 85 to 99.7% to satisfy the above-mentioned conditions (1) and (2), and preferably may have a turbidity of 88 to 99.5%. If the turbidity is less than 85%, the desired level of invisibility may not be achieved when power is not applied and the heat shielding performance may be deteriorated. If the turbidity exceeds 99.7%, the desired visibility may not be achieved when power is applied. there is.

On the other hand, the smart film 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a liquid crystal layer including an electrode layer, a metal layer, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the electrode layer and the metal layer; And, a base unit provided on one or both sides of the liquid crystal part; and an average transmittance measured every 50 nm at a wavelength of 350 to 2100 nm of 0.3 to 8%, and an average transmittance measured every 50 nm at a wavelength of 350 to 2100 nm. The average reflectance is 33 to 47%. Preferably, the average transmittance measured every 50 nm in the wavelength 350 to 2100 nm may be 0.5 to 6.5%, and the average reflectance measured every 50 nm in the wavelength 350 to 2100 nm may be 35 to 45%. If the average transmittance in the wavelength range of 350 ~ 2100 nm is less than 0.3%, the desired visibility may not be achieved after power is applied. If the average transmittance in the wavelength range of 350 ~ 2100 nm exceeds 8%, the desired visibility may not be achieved when power is not applied. It may not be performed at the same level, and heat insulation performance may not be good.

On the other hand, the smart film 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention has an average transmittance measured every 10 nm at a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm, an average transmittance measured every 50 nm at a wavelength of 350 to 2100 nm, and turbidity when a voltage of 110 V is applied. At least one, preferably two or more of the average transmittance measured every 10 nm at a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm, the average transmittance and turbidity measured every 50 nm at a wavelength of 350 to 2100 nm, more preferably at least two of the average transmittance and turbidity measured every 50 nm at a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm. The average transmittance measured every 10 nm at nm, the average transmittance measured every 50 nm at a wavelength of 350 to 2100 nm, and turbidity may all change by 0.33 times or less or 3 times or more compared to the initial value, preferably compared to the initial value. It can change by 0.25 times or less or 4 times or more. Accordingly, while the physical properties can change depending on the application of power, the effect of demonstrating excellent visibility when power is applied and invisibility when power is not applied can be simultaneously displayed.

Specifically, the smart film 100 according to the present invention has an average transmittance of 60 to 90% measured every 10 nm at a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm by applying a voltage of 110 V, and preferably has a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm by applying a voltage of 110 V. The average transmittance measured every 10 nm may be 65 to 88%. In addition, the smart film 100 according to the present invention has an average transmittance of 3 to 35% measured every 50 nm at a wavelength of 350 to 2100 nm by applying a voltage of 110 V, preferably at a wavelength of 350 to 2100 nm by applying a voltage of 110 V. The average transmittance measured every 50 nm may be 4 to 33%. In addition, the smart film 100 according to the present invention may have a turbidity of 0.5 to 15% as measured by applying a voltage of 110V, preferably 1 to 13% as measured by applying a voltage of 110V.

If the average transmittance at a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm measured by applying a voltage of 110 V is less than 60%, or if the average transmittance at a wavelength of 350 to 2100 nm measured by applying a voltage of 110 V is less than 3%, visibility may be poor. If the average transmittance at a wavelength of 380 ~ 780 nm measured by applying a voltage of 110 V exceeds 90%, or the average transmittance at a wavelength of 350 ~ 2100 nm measured by applying a voltage of 110 V exceeds 35%, the heat shielding performance is reduced. This may not be good, and visibility may be reduced when power is not applied.

In addition, if the turbidity measured by applying the voltage of 110V is less than 0.5%, the heat shielding performance may be reduced and visibility may be reduced when power is not applied, and if the turbidity measured by applying the voltage of 110V exceeds 15%, visibility may be reduced. This may not be good.

The present invention will be described in more detail through the following examples, but the following examples do not limit the scope of the present invention, and should be interpreted to aid understanding of the present invention.

<Example 1>

First, two sheets of PET substrate (XG7PH8, Toray Advanced Materials) with a thickness of 125㎛ were prepared as the substrate. By applying a power of 2 kW with a 200 kHz pulse on one of the substrate parts, a base vacuum of 2.5 Х 10 ^-5 torr was secured, and then 5% by weight of argon gas was added based on 250 sccm (standard cubic centimeter per minute). Zinc tin oxide (ZTO) with a thickness of 35 nm, silver-palladium-copper alloy (Ag-Pd-Cu; APC) with a thickness of 15 nm, and zinc with a thickness of 35 nm were produced using a DC sputter under nitrogen gas conditions. A first laminate was formed by sequentially depositing tin oxide (ZTO) to form a metal layer including three metal-derived layers. Then, 2 kW of power was applied with a 200 kHz pulse on the other base layer to secure a base vacuum of 2.5 Х 10 ^-5 torr, and then nitrogen at a rate of 5% by weight based on argon gas of 250 sccm (standard cubic centimeter per minute) was applied. A second laminate was formed by depositing ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) with a thickness of 50 nm using a DC sputter under gas conditions to form an electrode layer.

Afterwards, a nematic liquid crystal compound, a urethane oligomer, and a thiol-based prepolymer mixture, a nucleic acid diol diacrylate monomer, and an ultraviolet photoinitiator are placed between the first and second laminates prepared above (= forming an absorption peak in the wavelength range of 380 nm. A smart film as shown in Figure 1 was prepared by coating a liquid crystal dispersion composition containing a photoinitiator) using a gap roll method and UV curing to form a liquid crystal layer with a thickness of 20㎛.

<Examples 2 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7>

Smart films were manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, but changing the type and thickness of the metal layer material, as shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

<Experimental Example 1>

For each smart film manufactured according to Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7, each smart film was attached to regular glass with an average thickness of 3 mm, and the following physical properties were evaluated and shown in Tables 1 and 2. It was.

1. Measurement of average transmittance and average reflectance for each wavelength band

For each smart film manufactured according to Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7, KS L 2016:2014, 6.3 Optical measurement using a spectrophotometer (UV-VIS-NIR Spectrophotometer, Perkin-Elmer, Lambda 950, U.S.A.) Based on the performance test, the average transmittance and average reflectance are measured at wavelengths of 380 ~ 2100 nm, respectively. By measuring the transmittance and reflectance at every 10 nm of wavelength at 380 ~ 780 nm, the average transmittance and average reflectance are measured at wavelengths of 380 ~ 780 nm, respectively. The reflectance was measured, and the average transmittance and reflectance were measured at wavelengths of 350 to 2100 nm, respectively, by measuring the transmittance and reflectance every 50 nm. At this time, the transmittance and reflectance at a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm were measured based on the electrode layer side, and the transmittance and reflectance at a wavelength of 350 to 2100 nm were measured based on the metal layer side.

2. Turbidity measurement

For each smart film manufactured according to Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7, the opacity state due to diffusion in addition to reflection or absorption was measured by transmitting light through the film (BYK, haze-gard plus ).

3. Measurement of average transmittance by wavelength (applying power)

For each smart film manufactured according to Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7, the average transmittance for each wavelength band was measured in the same manner as in "1", but the average transmittance for each wavelength band was measured by applying a voltage of 110V.

4. Turbidity measurement (power on)

For each smart film prepared according to Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7, turbidity was measured in the same manner as in “2”, except that the turbidity was measured by applying a voltage of 110V.

5. Evaluation of thermal insulation characteristics

For each smart film manufactured according to Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7, the performance was measured according to the KS L 9107 solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) measurement method of window glass film, and the The value is shown.

6. Invisibility and visibility assessment

Each smart film manufactured according to Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 was visually evaluated by 30 experts with more than 15 years of industry experience, and the invisibility before and after applying a voltage of 110 V was evaluated using the 7-point method. and visibility were evaluated respectively.

* Evaluation of invisibility before applying voltage: 1-very poor, 2-bad, 3-slightly bad, 4-average, 5-slightly good, 6-good, 7-very good.

* Visibility evaluation after applying voltage: 1-very poor, 2-bad, 3-slightly bad, 4-average, 5-slightly good, 6-good, 7-very good

division Example
One Example
2 Example
3 Example
4 Example
5 Example
6 Comparative example
One heat shield
Electrode layer stacking
structure Type/Thickness (㎚) ZTO/35 ZTO/95 ZTO/
1.5 ZTO/50 ZTO/
115 - ZTO/
2 Type/Thickness (㎚) APC/15 APC/40 APC/
One APC/50 APC/30 APC/
2.5 APC/
One Type/Thickness (㎚) ZTO/35 ZTO/95 ZTO/1.5 ZTO/50 ZTO/
115 - ZTO/
2 Total thickness (㎚) 85 230 4 150 260 2.5 5 average transmittance
(%) Wavelength 380~780㎚, "a" 5.5 0.55 11.5 2 0.1 15.5 9.1 Wavelength 350~2100㎚, "b" 3 0.55 6.4 0.51 1.2 5.9 8.2 average reflectance
(%) Wavelength 380~780㎚, "c" 4 5.8 2.1 4.6 7.1 1.4 1.7 Wavelength 350~2100㎚, "d" 40 43 35.5 41 45.4 34.3 32 Turbidity (%), "e" 94.5 99 88.5 98 99.8 81.2 90.7 Condition (1), (a ^1/3 +b ^1/2 ) ² /(c(d+e) ^1/2 ) 0.264 0.035 0.98 0.072 0.028 1.61 1.3 Condition (2), e ^1/2 /b 3.24 18.1 1.47 19.41 8.32 1.53 1.16 Wavelength 380~780㎚ average transmittance (%, voltage applied) 86.5 68.7 87.8 77.6 59 91.4 86.8 Wavelength 350~2100㎚ average transmittance (%, voltage applied) 17.5 6.6 31.2 6.5 8.3 29.8 37.4 Turbidity (%, applied voltage) 6 12.1 1.4 9.6 15.9 0.4 1.8 Solar heat gain rate (SHGC) 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.7 Invisibility (/7 points, no voltage applied) 6.7 6.8 6.7 6.8 6.8 5.8 6.7 Visibility (/7 points, voltage applied) 6.8 6.6 6.8 6.7 5.7 6.8 6.8

division Comparative example
2 Comparative example
3 Comparative example
4 Comparative example
5 Comparative example
6 Comparative example
7 Metal layer laminated structure Type/Thickness (㎚) ZTO/115 - ZTO/1 ZTO/100 ZTO/100 ZTO/1 Type/Thickness (㎚) APC/50 APC/
1.5 - APC/60 APC/70 APC/0.5 Type/Thickness (㎚) ZTO/115 - ZTO/1 ZTO/100 ZTO/100 ZTO/1 Total thickness (㎚) 280 1.5 2 260 270 2.5 Average transmittance (%) Wavelength 380~780㎚, "a" 0.1 16 14 0.4 0.4 15.4 Wavelength 350~2100㎚, "b" 0.31 7.5 8.8 0.27 0.25 8.6 Average reflectance (%) Wavelength 380~780㎚, "c" 7 1.4 4.6 6.4 7.9 1.2 Wavelength 350~2100㎚, "d" 47.5 32 34 46 48 32 Turbidity (%), "e" 99.6 84 84 98 94 84 Condition (1), (a ^1/3 +b ^1/2 ) ² /(c(d+e) ^1/2 ) 0.0123 1.83 1.66 0.021 0.016 2.27 Condition (2), e ^1/2 /b 32.19 1.22 1.0 36.7 38.78 1.07 Wavelength 380~780㎚ average transmittance (%, voltage applied) 58.8 91.6 90.2 59.7 59.6 91.1 Wavelength 350~2100㎚ average transmittance (%, voltage applied) 4.9 36.4 36.9 4.8 4.8 36.8 Turbidity (%, applied voltage) 16.2 0.5 0.6 15.9 15.5 0.6 Solar heat gain rate (SHGC) 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.7 Invisibility (/7 points, no voltage applied) 6.8 5.7 5.8 6.7 6.7 5.7 Visibility (/7 points, voltage applied) 4.9 6.8 6.7 5.2 5.2 6.7

As can be seen from Tables 1 and 2, Examples 1 to 4 satisfy all the types and thicknesses of the metal layer material according to the present invention, and Examples 5 and 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 fail to satisfy any one of them. It can be confirmed that the thermal insulation characteristics are significantly superior to those of 7, the physical properties can change depending on the power application, and the effects of excellent visibility when power is applied and excellent invisibility when power is not applied can all be achieved at the same time. .

<Comparative Example 8>

A smart film was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the metal layer including three metal-derived layers was changed to ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) with a thickness of 50 nm, which is the same material as the electrode layer.

<Experimental Example 2>

For each smart film manufactured according to Example 1 and Comparative Example 8, the performance was measured according to the solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) measurement method of KS L 9107 window glass film, and the values were shown. .

division Example
One Comparative example
8 metal layer substance type ZTO/APC/ZTO ITO Solar heat gain rate (SHGC) 0.1 0.8

As can be seen in Table 3, it can be confirmed that Example 1, which includes a metal layer according to the present invention, has significantly superior heat shield properties compared to Comparative Example 8, which includes an electrode layer rather than a metal layer.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described, the spirit of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments presented in this specification, and those skilled in the art who understand the spirit of the present invention can add or change components within the scope of the same spirit. , deletion, addition, etc., other embodiments can be easily proposed, but this will also be said to fall within the scope of the present invention.

10: vehicle 21: front glass
22: Driver's seat left glass 23: Driver's seat right glass
24: Left glass of passenger seat 25: Right glass of passenger seat
26: rear glass 27: sunroof
40: ECU 31: Temperature sensor
32: Irradiation sensor 33: Transmission control unit
34: steering angle sensor 36: impulse sensor
35: turn signal light 35: turn signal switch
37: Emergency button 110: Smart film
111: liquid crystal layer 113: transparent electrode thin film
115: metal layer 117a, 117b: transparent layer
119: transparent adhesive layer 120: control unit

Claims (14)

a liquid crystal layer in which the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules is adjusted according to the application of current;
a transparent electrode thin film layer disposed on one side of the liquid crystal layer to apply an electric signal to the liquid crystal layer;
a metal layer disposed on the other side of the liquid crystal layer to apply an electric signal to the liquid crystal layer and at the same time block sunlight irradiated from the outside;
a pair of transparent layers disposed on outer surfaces of the metal layer and the transparent electrode thin film layer, respectively, and made of transparent synthetic resin;
a terminal portion connected to the transparent electrode thin film layer and the metal layer and formed to receive an electrical signal from the outside;
Smart film containing. According to paragraph 1,
It is disposed on the outside of any one of the pair of transparent layers and is formed to be attached to the inner side of at least one of the front windshield, driver's seat left glass, driver's right glass, passenger seat left glass, passenger seat right glass, rear glass, and sunroof of the vehicle. an adhesive layer;
Smart film containing. A vehicle window including at least one of the front windshield of the vehicle, the left glass of the driver's seat, the right glass of the driver's seat, the left glass of the passenger seat, the right glass of the passenger seat, and the rear windshield and sunroof;
The smart film of claim 1 attached to the vehicle window;
Smart windows for vehicles including. According to paragraph 3,
The smart film is attached to the inner side of the vehicle window or
The vehicle window is,
A first glass layer disposed toward the outside of the vehicle;
a second glass layer disposed toward the inside of the vehicle;
Includes,
The smart film is a smart window for a vehicle, which is disposed between the first glass layer and the second glass layer. According to paragraph 3,
The terminal portion of the smart film extends to the outside of the vehicle window, and the extended portion is bent to cover an edge of one of both surfaces of the vehicle window while surrounding the end of the vehicle window. A smart window for vehicles that is attached to the surface of a car. According to paragraph 3,
The smart film is a smart window for a vehicle having a driving method of either normal mode or reverse mode. According to paragraph 3,
A smart window for a vehicle, wherein a plurality of smart films electrically partitioned from each other are disposed on the vehicle window so as not to overlap each other, and each smart film disposed on the vehicle window has an independent terminal portion. It is attached to each glass of a vehicle window including at least one of the vehicle's front windshield, driver's seat left glass, driver's seat right glass, passenger seat left glass, passenger seat right glass, rear glass, and sunroof, and is made transparent or opaque by current control. The smart film of any one of claims 3 to 8 is controlled;
A control unit connected to a driving control module that determines the driving mode and environmental conditions of the vehicle and controlling the light transmittance of the smart film installed on the vehicle window according to the driving mode and environmental conditions of the vehicle identified through the driving control module;
A smart film module for vehicles including. According to clause 8,
The driving control module is,
Whether the vehicle is turned on/off, the mode status of the transmission, the steering angle of the steering wheel transmitted through the steering angle sensor, the operation of the turn signal lamp, the temperature inside the vehicle transmitted through the temperature sensor, and the ?Z irradiated to the vehicle transmitted through the irradiation sensor. Receives at least one piece of information among the amount of light and whether or not an impact is transmitted to the vehicle transmitted through an impulse sensor,
The control unit is information received through the driving control module, and includes the light transmittance of the smart film attached to the front glass of the vehicle window, the left glass of the driver's seat, the right glass of the driver's seat, the left glass of the passenger seat, the right glass of the passenger seat, the rear glass, and the sunroof. Smart film module for vehicles that controls each individually. According to clause 9,
The control unit,
Information transmitted through the driving control module controls the smart film attached to the vehicle window to a set light transmittance when the vehicle is turned on and the vehicle's transmission is in a driving or neutral state,
As information transmitted through the driving control module, when the vehicle's transmission is selected to be in reverse, the smart film attached to the rear glass of the vehicle windows is changed to transparent, or the left glass of the driver's seat and the right driver's seat of the vehicle windows are controlled to be transparent. Controls discoloration of the smart film attached to the glass to make it transparent.
This is information transmitted through the driving control module when the vehicle's turn signal is activated or when the steering angle of the vehicle's steering wheel is rotated more than a set angle, the side on which the turn signal is activated among the left glass of the driver's seat and the right glass of the driver's seat, or Controlling the discoloration of the smart film attached to the glass in the direction in which the handle is rotated to make it transparent,
If the vehicle's impulse transmitted through the impulse sensor is greater than the set value, all smart films attached to the vehicle window are discolored and controlled to be transparent,
The control unit,
As information transmitted through the driving control module, the temperature inside the vehicle transmitted through the temperature sensor is within the standard temperature range, and when the vehicle's transmission is selected to be in the park state, from the time the vehicle's transmission is selected to be in the park state. Controls the smart film attached to the vehicle window to be opaque for a preset time, and controls the smart film attached to the vehicle window to be transparent after a preset time,
A smart film module for a vehicle that transparently controls the smart film attached to the vehicle window when the temperature inside the vehicle transmitted through the temperature sensor as information transmitted through the driving control module is outside the standard temperature range. According to clause 9,
Among the vehicle windows, the smart film attached to the left glass of the driver's seat and the right glass of the driver's seat controls discoloration of the area corresponding to the side mirror provided on the outside of the side of the car independently from the remaining area,
The control unit,
This is information transmitted through the driving control module, and when the vehicle's transmission is in a driving or neutral state and the vehicle's turn signal light is activated, the side of the glass on the side on which the turn signal light is activated among the left glass of the driver's seat and the right glass of the driver's seat A smart film module for vehicles that controls the discoloration of the smart film in the mirror area to make it transparent. According to clause 9,
Among the vehicle windows, the smart film attached to the left glass of the driver's seat and the right glass of the driver's seat controls discoloration of the area corresponding to the side mirror provided on the outside of the side of the car independently from the remaining area,
As information transmitted through the driving control module, when the transmission of the vehicle is selected to be in reverse, the smart film in the side mirror area of the rear glass, the left glass of the driver's seat, and the right glass of the driver's seat is controlled to be transparent. Smart film module. According to clause 9,
Among the vehicle windows, a plurality of smart films that are electrically divided from each other are disposed on the sunroof so as not to overlap each other in the front and rear directions of the vehicle, and the control unit independently controls the smart films disposed on the sunroof. . According to clause 9,
The smart film is controlled opaquely by the control unit. at the time,
The average transmittance measured every 10 nm at a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm is 0.3 to 15%,
The average transmittance measured every 50 nm at a wavelength of 350 ~ 2100 nm is 0.3 ~ 8%,
The average reflectance measured every 10 nm at a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm is 1.5 to 6.5%,
The average reflectance measured every 50 nm at a wavelength of 350 to 2100 nm is 33 to 47%,
Smart film module for vehicles with turbidity of 85 to 99.7%.

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