KR20240029348A - Novel Eutreptiella sp. strain and method for producing fatty acid from the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a novel Utreptiella genus strain and a method for producing fatty acids using the same, and more specifically, to a Utreptiella genus strain having the ability to produce fatty acids; And it relates to a method for producing fatty acids, comprising culturing a strain of the genus Eutreptiella and extracting fatty acids from the strain.

Description

Novel Eutreptiella genus strain and method for producing fatty acids using the same {Novel Eutreptiella sp. strain and method for producing fatty acid from the same}

The present invention relates to a novel strain of the Eutreptiella genus and a method for producing fatty acids using the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a new strain of the Eutreptiella genus and a method for producing fatty acids using the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a new microalgae (Eutreptiella sp) containing a high lipid content and a large amount of useful fat components from domestic seawater. .) It relates to strains and methods for producing fatty acids using them.

As the world's population grows, the need for additional food sources, especially nutritious food sources that are inexpensive to produce, is increasing. In addition, at least in most developed countries, many people currently rely on meat as a staple in their diets, contributing significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, and developing new products that have the same taste and nutrition as traditional foods but with less harmful effects on the environment. Food production is necessary. Since most higher animals, including humans, cannot smoothly synthesize polyunsaturated fatty acids necessary for normal biological functions on their own, they must consume polyunsaturated fatty acids as essential nutrients, and the World Health Organization recommends that they consume more than 1g of ALA, EPA, and DHA per day. It is recommended to consistently consume polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Microalgae are commonly found in aquatic environments such as the ocean and freshwater, and are members of the ecosystem as primary producers that perform photosynthesis. Microalgae contain many essential nutrients, including vitamins, minerals, and amino acids, as well as essential fatty acids such as DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) and EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid), so they are not only used as feed or biological fertilizer, but also as raw materials for health functional foods. is attracting attention. For example, Korean Patent No. 10-1506554 discloses a method for extracting omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids.

In addition, microalgae are renewable and have high value as a sustainable bioenergy resource. Currently, damage and problems are occurring all over the world due to the greenhouse gas problem resulting from the indiscriminate use of fossil energy and the resulting climate change. Therefore, the global demand for renewable and sustainable energy resources is increasing exponentially every year. Bioenergy, unlike fossil energy, is an eco-friendly energy that does not generate carbon dioxide. Organic carbon compounds with accumulated energy are created through a photosynthesis process that captures carbon dioxide and solar energy, and energy is extracted from the stored biomass.

As an example, biodiesel is produced in the form of methyl ester or ethyl ester through the transesterification process of fatty acids contained in biomass produced from microalgae, and glycerol is produced as a by-product. Unlike petroldiesel, biodiesel is an eco-friendly energy that emits significantly lower toxic substances when burned.

However, one of the biggest challenges in microalgae biodiesel production is reducing the cost of lipid extraction, which accounts for most of the total production energy consumption. Accordingly, it can be easily extracted from strains without the use of organic solvents, and furthermore, if algae with high fatty acid content such as omega-3 is provided, it is expected to contribute to the production of raw materials for functional foods and bioenergy.

Accordingly, one aspect of the present invention is to provide a new strain with high fatty acid content.

Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently producing fatty acids from the new strain.

According to one aspect of the present invention, a novel Utreptiella genus strain having fatty acid production ability is provided.

According to another aspect of the present invention, culturing a strain of the genus Eutreptiella; And a method for producing fatty acids is provided, including the step of extracting fatty acids from the strain.

The Eutreptiella sp. strain of the present invention is capable of autotrophically biosynthesizing long-chain fatty acid lipids, and further produces palmitic acid (C16:0) and hexadecatetraenoic acid (C16:4). , and microalgae biodiesel components including oleic acid (C18:1) are also produced as major components. In particular, the long-chain fatty acids produced by the present invention contain a high content of omega-3 fatty acids such as alpha-linolenic acid, EPA, and DHA, and are expected to be used in high value-added industries and bio-oil industries using these components. Since cells have the characteristic of forming colonies and settling during culture, it is expected that it will also provide a production cost reduction effect in the microalgae culture process.

Figures 1(a) and (b) show the taxonomic tree of the novel Eutreptiella sp. AG60758 strain of the present invention.
Figure 2 shows the light microscope observation results (Figure 2(a)) and electron microscope observation results (Figures 2(b) and (c)) of the new Eutreptiella sp. KCTC 19016P strain.
Figure 3 is a photograph showing the biomass of the new Eutreptiella sp. KCTC 19016P strain before drying (a) and the biomass after drying (b).
Figure 4 shows a growth curve graph of the new Eutreptiella sp. KCTC 19016P strain.
Figure 5 is a graph comparing the fatty acid content of the new Eutreptiella sp. KCTC 19016P strain and other microalgae.
Figure 6 is a graph showing the fatty acid composition analysis of the new Eutreptiella sp. KCTC 19016P strain using gas chromatography.
Figure 7 is a composition graph of the total fatty acid content of the new Eutreptiella sp. KCTC 19016P strain.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings. However, the embodiments of the present invention may be modified into various other forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.

According to the present invention, a new Eutreptiella genus strain having fatty acid production ability is provided, and more specifically, the Eutreptiella sp. strain is Eutreptiella gymnastica, more preferably Deposited at the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KCTC) with deposit number KCTC 19016P on July 18, 2022. It may be the Eutreptiella gymnastica KCTC 19016P strain.

The new Utraptiella gymnastica new strain of the present invention has a high lipid content and contains a large amount of useful fat components, and the fatty acids include palmitic acid (C16:0) and hexadecatetraenoic acid (C16). :4), and one or more fatty acids of C ₁₆ to C ₁₈ selected from the group consisting of oleic acid (C18:1); and one or more omega-3 fatty acids selected from the group consisting of palmitic acid (C16:0), hexadecatetraenoic acid (C16:4), and oleic acid (C18:1).

The fatty acid consists of alpha-linolenic acid, EPA, and DHA, which are omega-3 fatty acids, and about 37% by weight of long chain fatty acid (C14:0 ~ C24:1) of the total weight of lipids produced. It can be used in the high value-added industry and bio-oil industry using DHA, and due to the characteristics of cells forming colonies and settling during culture, it is expected to be economically desirable in the microalgae culture process and provide a production cost reduction effect. In particular, the fatty acid of the present invention contains 35 to 40% by weight, for example, 37 to 38% by weight of omega-3 fatty acid based on the weight of total fatty acids.

In addition, the biomass color of the Eutreptiella sp. strain of the present invention, for example, the Eutreptiella gymnastica KCTC 19016P strain, is orange to reddish brown, so it can be formulated as a food or nutritional supplement. If possible, it can reduce consumers' aversion to color.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for producing fatty acids using the strain of the present invention is provided, and all technical details described in relation to the above-mentioned Utreptiella genus strain can be equally applied. In more detail, the method for producing fatty acids of the present invention includes culturing a strain of the genus Eutreptiella; and extracting fatty acids from the strain.

In the step of cultivating the Utreptiella genus strain, the growth conditions for the strain include a culture temperature of 15°C to 30°C, a culture pH of 4 to 8 for 4 to 60 days, for example, 6 to 24 days. , Preferably, it can be cultured for 8 to 20 days, and the strain culture medium can be a medium commonly used in the art.

The step of extracting fatty acids from the strain includes harvesting the biomass of the strain from which the medium components have been removed through a centrifugation process; Converting fatty acids into fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) form through a transesterification reaction by drying the harvested biomass and adding at least one solution selected from the group consisting of acetyl chloride and methanol; And it may be performed by adding normal-hexane to the result of the converting step to move the fatty acid methyl ester to the normal-hexane layer.

The transesterification reaction may be performed at 60 to 90°C for 30 minutes to 12 hours, for example, at 70 to 90°C for 30 minutes to 2 hours.

Afterwards, normal-hexane is added to the reaction solution, and the fatty acid methyl ester in the methanol layer can be separated by extracting the fatty acid into the normal-hexane layer through a liquid: liquid extraction process. However, the extraction method is not limited to this, and any method known in the art can be used.

The extraction solvent may be selected from the group consisting of pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, toluene, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, acetone, chloroform, methanol, and mixed solvents thereof.

The extracting step may be performed using at least one extraction solvent selected from the group consisting of an acid catalyst, alcohol, and organic solvent. For example, the extracting step may be performed using pentane, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, toluene, It may be performed using at least one selected from the group consisting of methylene chloride, acetyl chloride, methyl acetate, acetone, chloroform, methanol, and ethanol.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail through specific examples. The following examples are merely examples to aid understanding of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example

1. Isolation and identification of strains

Samples were collected from seawater in the northern waters of Jeju Island using a 20 μm mesh plankton net, and cells similar to those of the Eutreptiella genus were separated using an optical microscope. At this time, the detailed separation process is as follows.

Samples were first cultured in a 48-well plate containing f/2 liquid medium (Marine Water Enrichment Solution, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Missouri, USA). Afterwards, single cells were separated from the sample using a Pasteur tube whose end was heated and transformed into a capillary tube. The isolated single cells were transferred to a 12-well plate containing f/2 medium and cultured at a temperature of 23°C, a light intensity of 50 μE m ^-2 s ^-1 , and 12:12 h (light:dark).

As a result of analyzing the homology of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene sequence and the chloroplast SSU gene sequence for molecular biological identification of the strain, it was identified as a strain of the genus Eutreptiella, as shown in Figure 1, and was identified as Eutreptiella gymnastica. It was named AG60758. The strain was deposited at the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KCTC) with deposit number KCTC 19016P on July 18, 2022.

Meanwhile, the results of optical microscopy and electron microscopy observation of the strain are as shown in FIG. 2, and the biomass of the strain before drying (FIG. 3(a)) and the biomass after drying (FIG. 3(b)) are shown. It is shown in Figure 3.

2. Culture of Eutreptiella genus strains

The Eutreptiella strain obtained in above 1. was grown in a 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask containing 100 mL of f/2 medium at a temperature of 23°C, light intensity of 50 μE m ^-2 s ^-1 , stirring 120 rpm, 12:12 h (light :dark) conditions were cultured for a period of 24 days. At this time, the growth curve of the strain was as shown in Figure 4.

3. Confirmation of fatty acid composition of Eutreptiella genus strains

The Eutreptiella strain obtained in above 1. was grown in a 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask containing 100 mL of f/2 medium at a temperature of 23°C, light intensity of 50 μE m ^-2 s ^-1 , stirring 120 rpm, 12:12 h (light :dark) conditions for 24 days, and then centrifuged at 7,000 g for 10 minutes at 4°C to harvest the biomass.

After freeze-drying the harvested biomass, 5% (v/v) acetyl chloride/methanol solution (acetyl chloride:methanol = 5:100 (volume ratio)) was added to convert fatty acids into fatty acid methyl esters through transesterification reaction. To convert to the FAME form, a direct-transferesterification reaction is performed, and by adding n-hexane, the fatty acid methyl ester in the methanol layer is extracted through a liquid-liquid extraction process with the n-hexane layer to produce myristic acid (C14:0). The long-chain fatty acid content above was analyzed separately, and compared with the three strains from the research results of the previous paper.

As a result, as shown in Table 1 and Figure 5 below, it was confirmed that the fatty acid content of the Eutreptiella genus strain was high, and in particular, the fatty acid content of the Eutreptiella gymnastica AG60758 strain of the present invention was significantly high. .

[Table 1] Comparison of fatty acid composition of the Eutreptiella gymnastica AG60758 strain of the present invention, other Eutreptiella genus strains, and two other types of microalgae

Meanwhile, as a result of analyzing external standard materials (Supelco 37 component FAME Mix, CRM47885, Supelco, USA) using gas chromatography, it was confirmed that EPA, DHA, etc. were included, as shown in Figure 6.

In addition, the total fatty acid composition of the Eutreptiella genus strain was analyzed using the peak area value as a result of the analysis. As a result, as shown in Figure 7, the Eutreptiella genus strain contains useful fat components at a level of 37% of the total long-chain fatty acids. It was confirmed that it is composed of omega-3 fatty acids such as ALA, EPA, and DHA.

In addition, it was confirmed that the biomass color of the Eutreptiella sp. KCTC 19016P strain was dark reddish brown. Unlike existing microalgae, which are dark green, they are orange to reddish-brown in color, which can reduce consumers' aversion to color when formulated into foods or nutritional supplements.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and variations are possible without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention as set forth in the claims. This will be self-evident to those with ordinary knowledge in the field.

Claims (11)

Eutreptiella sp. strain having the ability to produce fatty acids.
According to claim 1, wherein the Eutreptiella genus strain is Eutreptiella gymnastica KCTC 19016P strain, Eutreptiella genus strain.
The method of claim 1, wherein the fatty acid is C 16 to C 18, one or more selected from the group consisting of palmitic acid (C16:0), hexadecatetraenoic acid (C16:4), and oleic acid ( _C18 : ₁ ). fatty acids; and one or more omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids selected from the group consisting of palmitic acid (C16:0), hexadecatetraenoic acid (C16:4), and oleic acid (C18:1). strain.
Culturing a Utreptiella genus strain; and
A method for producing fatty acids, comprising the step of extracting fatty acids from the strain.
The method of claim 4, wherein the Eutreptiella genus strain is Eutreptiella gymnastica KCTC 19016P strain.
The method of claim 4, wherein the fatty acid is C 16 to C 18, one or more selected from the group consisting of palmitic acid (C16:0), hexadecatetraenoic acid (C16:4), and oleic acid ( _C18 : ₁ ). fatty acids; and at least one omega-3 unsaturated fatty acid selected from the group consisting of palmitic acid (C16:0), hexadecatetraenoic acid (C16:4), and oleic acid (C18:1).
The method of claim 4, wherein the fatty acid comprises 35 to 40% by weight of omega-3 fatty acid based on the weight of total fatty acids.
The method of claim 4, wherein the extracting step includes harvesting biomass from which medium components have been removed through a centrifugation process;
Converting fatty acids into fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) form through a transesterification reaction by drying the harvested biomass and adding at least one solution selected from the group consisting of acetyl chloride and methanol; and
Adding n-hexane to the result of the conversion step to move the fatty acid methyl ester to the n-hexane layer.
A method for producing fatty acids, which is carried out including.
The method of claim 4, wherein the transesterification reaction is performed at 60 to 90° C. for 30 minutes to 12 hours.
The method of claim 4, wherein the extracting step is performed using at least one selected from the group consisting of an acid catalyst, alcohol, and organic solvent.
The method of claim 4, wherein the extracting step is performed using at least one selected from the group consisting of pentane, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, toluene, methylene chloride, acetyl chloride, methyl acetate, acetone, chloroform, methanol, and ethanol. Method for producing fatty acids.