KR20240003405A - Apparatus and method for managing spatiotemporal moving objects based on internet of things - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for managing space-time moving objects based on the Internet of Things, and includes a moving object recognition unit that recognizes moving objects entering and exiting a specific space through at least one IoT (Internet of Things) node installed in the specific space. ; a moving object location tracking unit that tracks the moving object when the moving object is recognized and generates current location information; a movement history management unit that obtains movement information according to a change in the location of the moving object, manages movement history based on the movement information, and monitors the current status of the moving object; and a Location Based Service (LBS) support unit that supports visit history authentication and safety services based on the current location of the moving object.

Description

Apparatus and method for managing spatiotemporal moving objects based on the Internet of Things {APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR MANAGING SPATIOTEMPORAL MOVING OBJECTS BASED ON INTERNET OF THINGS}

The present invention relates to space-time moving object management technology, and more specifically, to an IoT-based technology that can efficiently manage movement history by tracking the current location and movement path of a moving object based on the Internet of Things (IoT). It relates to an apparatus and method for managing space-time moving objects.

All moving objects in the real world have both temporal and spatial properties and have spatial properties that change with time. Such data is called spatiotemporal data. In particular, among spatiotemporal data, data that moves and changes position or shape in space depending on time is called a spatiotemporal moving object.

Moving objects are largely divided into moving points and moving regions. A moving point is an object whose location changes over time, examples of which include people, animals, vehicles, ships, and airplanes. A moving area is an object whose location and shape changes over time. Examples include typhoons, temperature changes, and cancer cells.

As technologies for obtaining spatial information of objects in a wireless environment have recently developed, demand for various location-based services targeting moving objects is rapidly increasing. In order to provide such location-based services, it is necessary to store and manage continuously changing spatial information of moving objects.

Therefore, there is a need for the development of a space-time moving object management system that can search the location of space-time moving objects and efficiently manage the history of movement information.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2016-0000892 (2016.01.06)

An embodiment of the present invention provides an IoT-based spatiotemporal moving object management device and method that can efficiently manage movement history by tracking the current location and movement path of a moving object based on the Internet of Things (IoT). We would like to provide

An embodiment of the present invention provides an IoT-based spatiotemporal moving object management device and method that can accurately recognize the current location of a moving object by measuring the distance through wireless communication between the IoT node and the moving object terminal in the space where the IoT node is installed. We would like to provide

An embodiment of the present invention seeks to provide an IoT-based spatiotemporal moving object management device and method that can support visit history authentication and safety services for a specific space by managing movement history through location tracking of moving objects.

Among embodiments, an IoT-based space-time moving object management device includes: a moving object recognition unit that recognizes a moving object entering and exiting a specific space through at least one IoT (Internet of Things) node installed in the specific space; a moving object location tracking unit that tracks the moving object when the moving object is recognized and generates current location information; a movement history management unit that obtains movement information according to a change in the location of the moving object, manages movement history based on the movement information, and monitors the current status of the moving object; and a Location Based Service (LBS) support unit that supports visit history authentication and safety services based on the current location of the moving object.

The moving object recognition unit may recognize the moving object through a Bluetooth (BLE) connection between the IoT node and the mobile terminal of the moving object.

The moving object location tracking unit transmits and receives UWB signals in a two-way ranging manner while connected via Bluetooth between the IoT node and the mobile terminal for the recognized moving object to determine the distance between the IoT node and the mobile terminal. The current location information of the moving object can be obtained from the measured distance information using the location of the IoT node as the reference point coordinates.

The movement history management unit uses a time variable to obtain a movement path including the movement distance and direction of movement from the previous position of the moving object to the current position, and determines the movement speed of the moving object based on the movement time and movement distance. Obtain and store movement information including at least one of the identification ID, time, location, movement path, movement direction, and movement speed of the moving object, and manage the movement history of the moving object based on the movement information. .

When the specific space is a hiking trail, the movement history management unit can monitor abnormal situations that occur near the hiking trail using the movement history.

When the occurrence of the abnormal situation is detected, the LBS support unit can propagate the abnormal situation to an external system and provide notification of the abnormal situation to the mobile terminal of the moving object.

If the specific space is a stamp tour destination and the IoT node is installed at the authentication location of the stamp tour destination, the LBS support unit responds when visit authentication is requested from the mobile terminal while the IoT node and the mobile terminal are connected via Bluetooth (BLE). Electronic stamps can be automatically issued to mobile devices.

Among embodiments, an Internet of Things-based spatiotemporal moving object management method includes the steps of recognizing a moving object entering and exiting a specific space through at least one IoT (Internet of Things) node installed in the specific space; When the moving object is recognized, tracking the moving object and generating current location information; Obtaining movement information according to a change in the location of the moving object, managing movement history based on the movement information, and monitoring the current status of the moving object; and supporting visit history authentication and safety services based on the current location of the moving object.

The disclosed technology can have the following effects. However, since it does not mean that a specific embodiment must include all of the following effects or only the following effects, the scope of rights of the disclosed technology should not be understood as being limited thereby.

The IoT-based spatiotemporal moving object management device and method according to an embodiment of the present invention can efficiently manage the movement history by tracking the current location and movement path of the moving object based on the Internet of Things (IoT). there is.

The IoT-based spatiotemporal moving object management device and method according to an embodiment of the present invention can accurately recognize the current location of the moving object by measuring the distance through wireless communication between the IoT node and the moving object terminal in the space where the IoT node is installed. there is.

The IoT-based spatiotemporal moving object management device and method according to an embodiment of the present invention can support visit history authentication and safety services for a specific space by managing movement history through location tracking of moving objects.

1 is a diagram illustrating an IoT-based space-time moving object management system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the system configuration of the space-time moving object management device in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the functional configuration of the spatiotemporal moving object management device in FIG. 1.
Figure 4 is a flowchart explaining the IoT-based space-time moving object management method according to the present invention.
Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a visit history authentication service support process in the IoT-based space-time moving object management device according to the present invention.

Since the description of the present invention is only an example for structural or functional explanation, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as limited by the examples described in the text. In other words, since the embodiments can be modified in various ways and can have various forms, the scope of rights of the present invention should be understood to include equivalents that can realize the technical idea. In addition, the purpose or effect presented in the present invention does not mean that a specific embodiment must include all or only such effects, so the scope of the present invention should not be understood as limited thereby.

Meanwhile, the meaning of the terms described in this application should be understood as follows.

Terms such as “first” and “second” are used to distinguish one component from another component, and the scope of rights should not be limited by these terms. For example, a first component may be named a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be named a first component.

When a component is referred to as being “connected” to another component, it should be understood that it may be directly connected to the other component, but that other components may exist in between. On the other hand, when a component is referred to as being “directly connected” to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components in between. Meanwhile, other expressions that describe the relationship between components, such as "between" and "immediately between" or "neighboring" and "directly neighboring" should be interpreted similarly.

Singular expressions should be understood to include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and terms such as “comprise” or “have” refer to implemented features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or them. It is intended to specify the existence of a combination, and should be understood as not excluding in advance the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

For each step, identification codes (e.g., a, b, c, etc.) are used for convenience of explanation. The identification codes do not explain the order of each step, and each step clearly follows a specific order in context. Unless specified, events may occur differently from the specified order. That is, each step may occur in the same order as specified, may be performed substantially simultaneously, or may be performed in the opposite order.

All terms used herein, unless otherwise defined, have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention pertains. Terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as consistent with the meaning they have in the context of the related technology, and cannot be interpreted as having an ideal or excessively formal meaning unless clearly defined in the present application.

1 is a diagram illustrating an IoT-based space-time moving object management system according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the spatiotemporal moving object management system 100 may include an IoT node 110, a mobile terminal 130, a spatiotemporal moving object management device 150, a database 170, and an external system 190. there is.

The IoT node 110 may be installed indoors or outdoors in a specific area or building and connected to the mobile terminal 130 and the space-time moving object management device 150 through a network. In one embodiment, the IoT node 110 may correspond to a reference point for location recognition of a moving object. For example, the IoT node 110 is a fixed node and may use a point of reference (maker). Here, the IoT node 110 can measure the distance to the mobile terminal 130 through signal transmission and reception while being connected to the mobile terminal 130 for communication. The IoT node 110 may transmit reference point coordinates and measured distance information to the space-time moving object management device 150. In one embodiment, the IoT node 110 may be implemented by being included in the space-time moving object management device 150, unlike Figure 1, and in this case, the IoT node 110 constitutes the space-time moving object management device 150. It can perform the role of the moving object recognition unit 310.

The mobile terminal 130 may correspond to a terminal device operated by a moving object. In an embodiment of the present invention, a moving object can be understood as an object whose location changes over time, and in particular, a user. Additionally, the mobile terminal 130 may correspond to a computing device capable of performing operations by being connected to the IoT node 110 and the space-time moving object management device 150. For example, the mobile terminal 130 may be implemented as a smartphone, laptop, or tablet PC, but is not necessarily limited thereto, and may also be implemented as a variety of devices that a user, who is a moving object, can carry while moving.

Additionally, the mobile terminal 130 may install and execute a dedicated program or application (or app) for interworking with the IoT node 110 and the space-time moving object management device 150. The mobile terminal 130 can provide a dedicated interface in the process of using the dedicated service provided by the space-time moving object management device 150 through a dedicated app, and the information collected or updated through this is stored in the space-time moving object management device ( 150).

In addition, the mobile terminal 130 may be connected to the IoT node 110 and the space-time moving object management device 150 through a network, and a plurality of mobile terminals 130 may be connected to the IoT node 110 and the space-time moving object management device ( 150) can also be connected at the same time.

The space-time moving object management device 150 may be implemented as a server corresponding to a computer or program that recognizes the location of a moving object and manages its movement history. Additionally, the space-time moving object management device 150 may support location-based services through the IoT node 110. That is, the space-time moving object management device 150 can create a network grid through the IoT nodes 110 and recognize the current location of the moving object based on the reference point coordinates. In addition, the spatiotemporal moving object management device 150 can be wirelessly connected to the IoT node 110 and the mobile terminal 130 through Bluetooth, WiFi, a communication network, etc., and exchange data through the network.

The database 170 may correspond to a storage device that stores current location information and movement history information of a moving object in conjunction with the space-time moving object management device 150. The database 170 may store spatiotemporal data such as the identifier, movement path, movement speed, and location effective time of the moving object, but is not necessarily limited thereto, and may store information collected or processed in various forms during the process of managing spatiotemporal moving objects. You can.

The external system 190 may correspond to a computing device that operates independently of the space-time moving object management device 150, may be connected to the space-time moving object management device 150 through a network, and may be connected to the space-time moving object management device 150 through a network, and may be used to control the moving object through interconnection. Operations for location-based visit history authentication and safety support can be performed. For example, the external system 190 may correspond to a system operated by an external organization that can provide authentication by stamping when actually visiting a national park stamp tour location.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the system configuration of the space-time moving object management device in FIG. 1.

Referring to FIG. 2, the space-time moving object management device 150 may include a processor 210, a memory 230, a user input/output unit 250, and a network input/output unit 270.

The processor 210 can execute an IoT-based spatiotemporal moving object management procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and manage the memory 230 that is read or written in this process, and can manage the volatile memory 230 in the memory 230. The synchronization time between memory and non-volatile memory can be scheduled. The processor 210 can control the overall operation of the space-time moving object management device 150, and is electrically connected to the memory 230, the user input/output unit 250, and the network input/output unit 270 to facilitate data flow between them. You can control it. The processor 210 may be implemented as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) of the space-time moving object management device 150.

The memory 230 may be implemented as a non-volatile memory such as a solid state disk (SSD) or a hard disk drive (HDD) and may include an auxiliary memory used to store all data required for the space-time moving object management device 150. and may include a main memory implemented as volatile memory such as RAM (Random Access Memory). Additionally, the memory 230 can store a set of instructions for executing the IoT-based space-time moving object management method according to the present invention by being executed by the electrically connected processor 210.

The user input/output unit 250 includes an environment for receiving user input and an environment for outputting specific information to the user, and includes an input adapter such as, for example, a touch pad, a touch screen, an on-screen keyboard, or a pointing device. It may include an output device including a device and an adapter such as a monitor or touch screen. In one embodiment, the user input/output unit 250 may correspond to a computing device connected through a remote connection, and in such case, the space-time moving object management device 150 may be performed as an independent server.

The network input/output unit 270 provides a communication environment for connection to the user terminal 150 through a network, for example, a local area network (LAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), a wide area network (WAN), and It may include an adapter for communication such as VAN (Value Added Network). Additionally, the network input/output unit 270 may be implemented to provide short-range communication functions such as WiFi and Bluetooth or wireless communication functions of 4G or higher for wireless transmission of learning data.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the functional configuration of the spatiotemporal moving object management device in FIG. 1.

Referring to FIG. 3, the space-time moving object management device 150 includes a moving object recognition unit 310, a moving object location tracking unit 330, a movement history management unit 350, and a location-based services (LBS) support unit. It may include 370 and a control unit 390.

The moving object recognition unit 310 can recognize a moving object through a wireless communication connection with a nearby mobile terminal 130. In one embodiment, the moving object recognition unit 310 may be wirelessly connected to the mobile terminal 130 using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). Here, the moving object recognition unit 310 may correspond to the IoT node 110, and in that case, it is installed in a specific space and is a reference point for recognizing moving objects in the specific space and measuring the location of the recognized moving object. This can be.

The moving object recognition unit 310 is connected to a nearby mobile terminal 130 through BLE scanning and can recognize the moving object by receiving moving object identification information from the mobile terminal 130. Here, the moving object identification information may correspond to the ID of the mobile terminal 130, and for example, if the mobile terminal 130 is a smartphone, it may include the corresponding phone number, subscriber name, etc.

The moving object location tracking unit 330 is activated when a moving object is recognized and can track the mobile terminal 130 of the moving object to generate current location information. In one embodiment, the moving object location tracking unit 330 measures the distance to the moving object through ultra-wideband (UWB) communication with the mobile terminal 130 and provides current location information of the moving object based on the measured distance. can be obtained. UWB is a safe system for wireless transmission that can coexist with other radio communication technologies without interfering with wireless communication systems. It has a high data transmission rate, precise area estimation, and the ability to penetrate materials, enabling accurate location tracking.

In one embodiment, the moving object location tracking unit 330 may measure the area between the moving objects from three fixed IoT nodes 110 whose locations are known and estimate the location of the moving object through triangulation. The moving object location tracking unit 330 may measure the distance to the mobile terminal 130 by transmitting and receiving a UWB signal with the mobile terminal 130 while connected to the mobile terminal 130 by BLE. Here, the distance measurement can be calculated using Time of Flight (ToF) and Angle of Arrival (AoA) methods. ToF is a form of ranging that measures distance using the travel time of a signal. AoA calculates the angle of each received signal through the signal arrival time and antenna spacing at each antenna, and can determine the signal transmission direction from this.

The moving object location tracking unit 330 can measure the distance using the round trip time between the transmitting and receiving devices of the UWB signal by applying the Two Way Ranging method, a type of TOF, to the moving object, which is as follows. It can be defined as Equation 1.

[Equation 1]

Here, TroundA is the first round-trip time of the UWB signal between the BLE-connected fixed node and the mobile node, that is, the IoT node 110 and the mobile terminal 130 of the moving object, TreplyA is the second round-trip time, and Tp is the average time. This means round trip time. By multiplying the Tp value by the propagation speed C, you can obtain the distance between two nodes.

The moving object location tracking unit 330 may obtain the current location information of the moving object in the form of coordinate values expressed in latitude and longitude based on the reference point coordinates and measured distance information. In one embodiment, the moving object location tracking unit 330 may obtain current location information of the moving object in real time.

The movement history management unit 350 may manage movement history based on changes in the location of the moving object. In one embodiment, the movement history management unit 350 may use the time variable (t) to obtain the movement path of the object, including the movement distance and direction of movement from the previous location of the moving object to the current location. Additionally, the movement history management unit 350 may obtain the movement speed of the moving object based on the movement time and movement distance. The movement history management unit 350 may store movement information including the identification ID, time, location, movement path, movement direction, and movement speed of the moving object. The movement history management unit 350 may manage the movement history of a moving object based on movement information.

The movement history management unit 350 can predict the current situation of the moving object in the space through comparative analysis with data already established based on the movement history. In one embodiment, the movement history management unit 350 uses a prediction model built through learning about characteristic information about the movement of a moving object for a specific space to detect abnormalities in the current situation as a result of the prediction model from the current movement information. It can be detected. For example, the movement history management unit 350 can use the movement history to monitor distress situations such as route deviation that occur near a hiking trail.

The LBS support unit 370 may support provision of location-based services for moving objects. In one embodiment, the LBS support unit 370 may provide visit history authentication information based on the movement history of the moving object. The LBS support unit 370 is linked with the external system 190, and when a user requests authentication of a visit to a specific place through the mobile terminal 130, the LBS support unit 370 compares the user's current location with the location of the specific place requested for visit authentication and authenticates if they match. can be performed.

Additionally, when an abnormal situation occurs for a moving object, the LBS support unit 370 can propagate the abnormal situation to the external system 190 and provide notification of abnormal situations such as path departure to the mobile terminal 130 of the moving object.

The control unit 390 controls the overall operation of the space-time moving object management device 150, and controls the communication between the moving object recognition unit 310, the moving object location tracking unit 330, the movement history management unit 350, and the LBS support unit 370. It can manage control flow or data flow.

Figure 4 is a flowchart explaining the IoT-based space-time moving object management method according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, the space-time moving object management device 150 recognizes the space entry and exit of the moving object from a plurality of IoT nodes installed in indoor and outdoor spaces such as a specific area or building through the moving object recognition unit 310. It can be done (step S410). The space-time moving object management device 150 may recognize the current location of the moving object by measuring the distance to the moving object that has entered the space through the moving object location tracking unit 330 (step S430).

In addition, the spatiotemporal moving object management device 150 can manage movement history and monitor the current situation based on movement information according to changes in the location of the moving object through the movement history management unit 350 (step S450). The space-time moving object management device 150 may support visit history authentication and safety services based on the current location of the moving object through the LBS support unit 370 (step S470).

Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a visit history authentication service support process in the IoT-based space-time moving object management device according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 5, the space-time moving object management device 150 according to the present invention can support the Stamp Tour non-face-to-face authentication service.

A stamp tour is a tourist program where you go around a specific section or place and get stamps. It is common to receive a stamp book, take stamps for each place as you go around, certify them to the operator, and then receive a reward. For example, in the case of a national park stamp tour, participants receive a national park stamp tour passport distributed by the relevant park facility, travel to the national park, stamp with a characteristic stamp provided at each national park, and travel when they reach the authentication stage. You can receive a certificate and souvenir certifying it.

However, since the stamp tour system does not always keep passports but distributes them in limited quantities, it is not only difficult to obtain them when they run out, but there is also a risk of them being lost after issuance. Most of the authentication procedures, such as visit confirmation and souvenir applications, are done face-to-face. There was an inconvenience caused by this.

Recently, non-face-to-face stamp accumulation has been implemented through electronic stamp authentication when visiting major tourist attractions using a smartphone app based on GPS. However, because GPS is easy to operate, authentication can be done without actually visiting.

The IoT-based spatiotemporal moving object management device 150 according to the present invention installs an IoT node 510 at an authentication location and uses the visitor's mobile terminal as a visitor participating in the stamp tour passes the authentication location where the IoT node 510 is installed. When Bluetooth information is received from 530, automatic authentication can be performed. In other words, an electronic stamp authentication can be issued to the visitor's mobile terminal 530 only when the visitor actually visits the authentication location. To be more specific, visitors who wish to take a stamp tour can access the stamp tour management server 550 through the mobile terminal 530, apply for a stamp tour, and obtain a digital passport through procedures such as personal name authentication. (①). When a visitor who has been issued a digital passport on the mobile terminal 530 moves and is located near the authentication location of the designated stamp tour, the space-time moving object management device 150 according to the present invention uses the IoT node 510 installed at the authentication location. BLE communication is connected to a nearby mobile terminal 530 through BLE communication (②). A visitor can request visit authentication while the mobile terminal 530 is BLE connected to the IoT node 510 installed at the authentication location, and the space-time moving object management device 150 maintains BLE connection according to the visitor's visit authentication request. Visit authentication can be performed by issuing a stamp to the mobile terminal 530 (③). The space-time moving object management device 150 transmits authentication information to the stamp tour management server 550 (④), and the stamp tour management server 550 may receive the authentication information and manage authentication details. If the visitor completes the tour and is issued all stamps, he or she can apply for and receive a souvenir from the stamp tour management server 550 through the mobile terminal 530 (⑤), and the stamp tour management server 550 can register stamp tour completers. can be managed.

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and changes to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the claims below. You will understand that you can do it.

100: IoT-based spatiotemporal moving object management system
110: IoT node 130: mobile terminal
150: Space-time moving object management device 170: Database
190: external system
210: Processor 230: Memory
250: user input/output unit 270: network input/output unit
310: moving object recognition unit 330: moving object location tracking unit
350: Movement history management department 370: LBS support department
390: Control unit

Claims (8)

A moving object recognition unit that recognizes a moving object entering or leaving a specific space through at least one IoT (Internet of Things) node installed in the specific space;
a moving object location tracking unit that tracks the moving object when the moving object is recognized and generates current location information;
a movement history management unit that obtains movement information according to a change in the location of the moving object, manages movement history based on the movement information, and monitors the current status of the moving object; and
An IoT-based space-time moving object management device including an LBS (Location Based Service) support unit that supports visit history authentication and safety services based on the current location of the moving object.
The method of claim 1, wherein the moving object recognition unit
An Internet of Things-based space-time moving object management device characterized in that it recognizes the moving object through a Bluetooth (BLE) connection between the IoT node and the mobile terminal of the moving object.
The method of claim 2, wherein the moving object location tracking unit
Measure the distance between the IoT node and the mobile terminal by transmitting and receiving a UWB signal in a two-way ranging manner in a Bluetooth connection state between the IoT node and the mobile terminal for the recognized moving object, and measuring the distance between the IoT node and the mobile terminal. An Internet of Things-based space-time moving object management device characterized in that the current location information of the moving object is obtained from the distance information measured using the location of as the reference point coordinates.
The method of claim 1, wherein the movement history management unit
Using a time variable, a movement path including the movement distance and direction of movement from the previous position of the moving object to the current position is obtained, and the movement speed of the moving object is obtained based on the movement time and movement distance to determine the movement speed of the moving object. IoT-based, characterized in that it stores movement information including at least one of identification ID, time, location, movement path, movement direction, and movement speed, and manages the movement history of the moving object based on the movement information. A space-time moving object management device.
The method of claim 4, wherein the movement history management unit
When the specific space is a hiking trail, an Internet of Things-based spatiotemporal moving object management device characterized in that it monitors abnormal situations occurring near the hiking trail using the movement history.
The method of claim 5, wherein the LBS support unit
When the occurrence of the abnormal situation is detected, an Internet of Things-based space-time moving object management device characterized in that it propagates the abnormal situation to an external system and provides notification of the abnormal situation to the mobile terminal of the moving object.
The method of claim 1, wherein the LBS support unit
If the specific space is a stamp tour site and the IoT node is installed at the authentication location of the stamp tour site, and the IoT node and the mobile terminal are connected via Bluetooth (BLE), when visit authentication is requested from the mobile terminal, an electronic message is sent to the mobile terminal. An IoT-based space-time moving object management device that automatically issues stamps.
Recognizing a moving object entering or exiting a specific space through at least one Internet of Things (IoT) node installed in the specific space;
When the moving object is recognized, tracking the moving object and generating current location information;
Obtaining movement information according to a change in the location of the moving object, managing movement history based on the movement information, and monitoring the current status of the moving object; and
An Internet of Things-based space-time moving object management method comprising supporting visit history authentication and safety services based on the current location of the moving object.