KR20230168300A - Method for extracting nylon from wasted fish net - Google Patents
Method for extracting nylon from wasted fish net Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011846 petroleum-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
- C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
- C08J11/10—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
- C08J11/12—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by dry-heat treatment only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
- D01F6/60—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G11/00—Disintegrating fibre-containing articles to obtain fibres for re-use
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B2017/001—Pretreating the materials before recovery
- B29B2017/0015—Washing, rinsing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2377/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
폐어망으로부터 나일론을 추출하는 방법이 개시된다. 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 폐어망으로부터 나일론을 추출하는 방법은, 나일론 재질의 폐어망을 소정 크기 이하로 절단하여 폐어망 조각을 마련하는 절단 단계; 상기 폐어망 조각에서 염분 및 이물질을 제거하는 세척 단계; 상기 세척 단계에서 세척된 상기 폐어망 조각으로부터 금속 성분을 제거하는 단계; 상기 폐어망 조각을 열분해하여 나일론 모노머를 생성하는 단계;를 포함한다.A method for extracting nylon from discarded fishing nets is disclosed. A method of extracting nylon from a waste fishing net according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a cutting step of cutting a waste fishing net made of nylon to a predetermined size or less to prepare waste fishing net pieces; A washing step of removing salt and foreign substances from the waste fishing net pieces; Removing metal components from the piece of waste fishing net washed in the washing step; and generating nylon monomer by thermally decomposing the waste fishing net pieces.
Description
본 발명은 폐어망으로부터 나일론을 추출하는 방법에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는, 사용 후 버려진 폐어망으로부터 나일론을 추출하여 재사용할 수 있는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method of extracting nylon from discarded fishing nets, and more specifically, to a method of extracting nylon from discarded discarded fishing nets and reusing them.
매년 증가하고 있는 해양 쓰레기 중 가장 많은 비중을 차지하는 것은 버려진 그물 등 폐어구인데 이는 폐어구에 해양생물이 연쇄적으로 걸려 죽는 유령어업 등 심각한 문제를 야기한다. 부산광역시가 조사한 내용에 따르면 최근 5년간 수거된 해양쓰레기는 약 4만 톤으로, 수거 및 처리를 위해 242억원의 예산이 투입되고 있다. 폐어구가 큰 비중을 차지하는 해양쓰레기는 2018년 9만여 톤에서 2020년 14만여 톤으로 크게 늘어난 상황이며 폐어구는 수산물 생산량의 약 10%를 매년 저해하고 있어 이를 해결하기 위한 대안이 촉구되고 있다.The largest proportion of marine waste, which is increasing every year, is discarded nets and other discarded fishing gear, which causes serious problems such as ghost fishing, where marine life dies by getting caught in discarded fishing gear. According to a survey by Busan Metropolitan City, about 40,000 tons of marine waste has been collected over the past five years, and a budget of 24.2 billion won is being invested for collection and disposal. Marine waste, of which discarded fishing gear accounts for a large portion, has increased significantly from approximately 90,000 tons in 2018 to approximately 140,000 tons in 2020, and discarded fishing gear is hindering approximately 10% of marine product production every year, so alternatives to resolve this problem are being urged.
나일론은 섬유용으로도 많이 사용되고 있으나, 그 외에도 타이어코드, 어망로프, 필름 등의 다양한 산업적 용도로 사용되고 있고 플라스틱 방면으로의 사용도 점차 늘어 가고 있다.Nylon is widely used for textiles, but it is also used for various industrial purposes such as tire cords, fishing net ropes, and films, and its use in plastics is gradually increasing.
일반적으로 나일론 제품은 유리 또는 수지 제품과 같이 소재의 원료 상태까지 재생하여 사용되고 있지 있다. 이는 나일론 제품의 경우 다양한 다른 소재들과의 혼용으로 인하여 재생 가능한 수준까지 완제품을 해체, 선별하는 것이 어렵기 때문이다. 그러나 공업용 포백은 폴리에스터나 나일론과 같은 석유를 원료로 한 소재가 많고 자원 절약 및 재활용의 차원에서 재생이 요구되는 실정이다.In general, nylon products, like glass or resin products, are used by recycling the material to its raw material state. This is because, in the case of nylon products, it is difficult to disassemble and select finished products to a recyclable level due to mixing with various other materials. However, many industrial fabrics are made of petroleum-based materials such as polyester and nylon, and recycling is required for resource conservation and recycling.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 폐어망으로부터 나일론을 추출하는 방법은, 사용 후 버려진 나일론 폐어망으로부터 원재료인 나일론을 용이하게 추출하여 재사용할 수 있는 나일론을 추출방법을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.The purpose of the method for extracting nylon from waste fishing nets according to an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a method of extracting nylon that can be reused by easily extracting nylon, a raw material, from waste nylon fishing nets discarded after use.
또한, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 폐어망으로부터 나일론을 추출하는 방법은, 나일론 폐어망으로부터 추출된 나일론의 품질이 우수하며 반복 재생 가능한 나일론을 추출방법을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.In addition, the method for extracting nylon from waste fishing nets according to an embodiment of the present invention aims to provide a method for extracting nylon extracted from waste nylon fishing nets, which has excellent quality and can be repeatedly recycled.
본 발명의 과제들은 이상에서 언급한 기술적 과제로 제한되지 않으며, 언급되지 않은 또 다른 기술적 과제들은 아래의 기재로부터 당업자에게 명확하게 이해될 수 있을 것이다.The problems of the present invention are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 폐어망으로부터 나일론을 추출하는 방법은, 나일론 재질의 폐어망을 소정 크기 이하로 절단하여 폐어망 조각을 마련하는 절단 단계; 상기 폐어망 조각에서 염분 및 이물질을 제거하는 세척 단계; 상기 세척 단계에서 세척된 상기 폐어망 조각으로부터 금속 성분을 제거하는 단계; 상기 폐어망 조각을 열분해하여 나일론 모노머를 생성하는 단계;를 포함한다.A method of extracting nylon from a waste fishing net according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a cutting step of cutting a waste fishing net made of nylon to a predetermined size or less to prepare waste fishing net pieces; A washing step of removing salt and foreign substances from the waste fishing net pieces; Removing metal components from the piece of waste fishing net washed in the washing step; and generating nylon monomer by thermally decomposing the waste fishing net pieces.
여기서, 상기 열분해는 383℃ 이상의 온도에서 수행될 수 있다.Here, the thermal decomposition may be performed at a temperature of 383°C or higher.
여기서, 상기 열분해는 600℃에서 수행될 수 있다.Here, the thermal decomposition may be performed at 600°C.
여기서, 상기 세척단계는, 공업용수를 이용하여 염분 및 이물질을 제거하는 제1세척 단계;와, 원심 분리기에서 1차 세척된 상기 폐어망 조각을 회전 시켜 염분 및 수분을 제거하는 제2세척 단계;를 포함할 수 있다.Here, the washing step includes a first washing step of removing salt and foreign substances using industrial water; and a second washing step of removing salt and moisture by rotating the waste fishing net pieces that have been primarily washed in a centrifuge. It can be included.
본 발명의 실시예들에 의하면 적어도 다음과 같은 효과가 있다.According to embodiments of the present invention, there are at least the following effects.
본 발명에 따른 폐어망으로부터 나일론을 추출하는 방법에 의하면, 사용 후 버려진 나일론 폐어망으로부터 원재료인 나일론을 용이하게 추출하여 재사용할 수 있다.According to the method for extracting nylon from waste fishing nets according to the present invention, nylon, which is a raw material, can be easily extracted from waste nylon fishing nets discarded after use and reused.
또한, 나일론 폐어망으로부터 추출된 나일론의 품질이 우수하며 반복 재생 가능하다.In addition, the quality of nylon extracted from waste nylon fishing nets is excellent and can be recycled repeatedly.
또한, 사용 후 버려진 폐어망을 이용하여 나일론을 추출함으로써 친환경적이다.Additionally, it is environmentally friendly as nylon is extracted using discarded fishing nets.
본 발명에 따른 효과는 이상에서 예시된 내용에 의해 제한되지 않으며, 더욱 다양한 효과들이 본 명세서 내에 포함되어 있다.The effects according to the present invention are not limited to the contents exemplified above, and further various effects are included in the present specification.
도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 폐어망으로부터 나일론을 추출하는 방법의 순서도
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 폐어망으로부터 나일론을 추출하는 방법의 수거된 폐어망 나일론의 사진
도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 폐어망으로부터 나일론을 추출하는 방법의 절단부 도면이다.1 is a flow chart of a method for extracting nylon from waste fishing nets according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a photograph of nylon from waste fishing nets collected in a method of extracting nylon from waste fishing nets according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a cutaway view of a method for extracting nylon from a waste fishing net according to an embodiment of the present invention.
본 발명은 다양한 변환을 가할 수 있고 여러 가지 실시예를 가질 수 있는 바, 특정 실시예를 도면에 예시하고 이에 대해 상세한 설명에 상세하게 설명한다. 본 발명의 효과 및 특징, 그리고 그것들을 달성하는 방법은 도면과 함께 상세하게 후술되어 있는 실시예를 참조하면 명확해질 것이다. 그러나 본 발명은 이하에서 개시되는 실시예에 한정되는 것이 아니라 다양한 형태로 구현될 수 있으며, 본 발명의 사상 및 기술 범위에 포함되는 모든 변경, 균등물 내지 대체물을 포함하는 것으로 이해되어야 한다. The present invention can be modified in various ways and can have various embodiments, and specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the detailed description. The effects and features of the present invention and methods for achieving them will become clear by referring to the embodiments described in detail below along with the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but may be implemented in various forms, and should be understood to include all changes, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and technical scope of the present invention.
설명에 앞서 상세한 설명에 기재된 용어에 대해 설명한다. 이하의 실시예에서, 제1, 제2 등의 용어는 한정적인 의미가 아니라 하나의 구성 요소를 다른 구성 요소와 구별하는 목적으로 사용되었다. 따라서, 이하에서 언급되는 제1 구성요소는 본 발명의 기술적 사상 내에서 제2 구성요소일 수도 있음은 물론이다. 또한, 단수의 표현은 문맥상 명백하게 다르게 뜻하지 않는 한, 복수의 표현을 포함한다. 또한, '포함하다' 또는 '가지다' 등의 용어는 명세서상에 기재된 특징, 숫자, 단계, 동작, 구성요소, 부품 또는 이들을 조합한 것이 존재함을 의미하는 것이고, 하나 이상의 다른 특징들 또는 구성요소가 부가될 가능성을 미리 배제하는 것은 아니다. Prior to explanation, terms used in the detailed description will be explained. In the following embodiments, terms such as first and second are used not in a limiting sense but for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another component. Therefore, it goes without saying that the first component mentioned below may also be a second component within the technical spirit of the present invention. Additionally, singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In addition, terms such as 'include' or 'have' mean the presence of features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or a combination thereof described in the specification, and one or more other features or components. This does not preclude the possibility of addition.
또한, 도면에서는 설명의 편의를 위하여 구성 요소들이 그 크기가 과장 또는 축소될 수 있다. 예컨대, 도면에서 나타난 각 구성의 크기 및 두께는 설명의 편의를 위해 임의로 나타내었으므로, 본 발명이 반드시 도시된 바에 한정되지 않는다.Additionally, in the drawings, the sizes of components may be exaggerated or reduced for convenience of explanation. For example, the size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are shown arbitrarily for convenience of explanation, so the present invention is not necessarily limited to what is shown.
이하, 본 발명에 따른 일 실시예를 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 상세히 설명한다. 첨부 도면을 참조하여 설명함에 있어, 동일하거나 대응하는 구성요소는 동일한 도면 부호를 부여하고 이에 대해 중복되는 설명은 생략한다.Hereinafter, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. In the description with reference to the accompanying drawings, identical or corresponding components are assigned the same reference numerals and duplicate descriptions thereof are omitted.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 폐어망으로부터 나일론을 추출하는 방법은, 사용 후 버려진 나일론 폐어망으로부터 원재료인 나일론을 용이하게 추출하여 재사용할 수 있으며, 추출된 나일론의 품질이 우수하며 반복 재생 가능한 나일론을 추출하는 방법에 관한 것이다.The method for extracting nylon from waste fishing nets according to an embodiment of the present invention can easily extract and reuse nylon, a raw material, from waste nylon fishing nets discarded after use, and extracts nylon that has excellent quality and can be repeatedly recycled. It's about how to do it.
도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 폐어망으로부터 나일론을 추출하는 방법의 순서도이다.Figure 1 is a flowchart of a method for extracting nylon from waste fishing nets according to an embodiment of the present invention.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 폐어망으로부터 나일론을 추출하는 방법(S1000)은, 절단 단계(S100)와, 세척 단계(S200)와, 금속 성분 제거 단계(S300)와, 열분해 단계(S400)를 포함한다.The method (S1000) for extracting nylon from waste fishing nets according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a cutting step (S100), a washing step (S200), a metal component removal step (S300), and a thermal decomposition step (S400). do.
일반적으로 사용 후 버려진 어망 즉 폐어망은 난분해성이기 때문에 분해되지 않고 원형 그대로 침적되고, 장기간에 걸쳐 폐기된 것이 축적되어 오면서 양적으로도 무시 못할 정도로 많아져 어장이 황폐화되는 문제점이 있다. 또한, 어폐류의 산란과 서식을 방해하며, 해난 사고의 원인이 되고, 어망에 부착되 금속 추는 납 등의 중금속으로 이루어져 해양 오염을 가중시키는 문제점이 있다.In general, fishing nets discarded after use, or discarded fishing nets, are non-decomposable, so they do not decompose and are deposited in their original form. As the discarded nets accumulate over a long period of time, the quantity becomes so large that it cannot be ignored, causing the problem of desolation of fishing grounds. In addition, it interferes with the spawning and habitat of fish and waste products, causes marine accidents, and the metal weights attached to fishing nets are made of heavy metals such as lead, which increases marine pollution.
일반적으로 폐어망의 재질은 폴리에틸렌(Polyethylene)과 나일론(Nylon)으로 이루어지며, 두 성분을 혼합하여 어망을 제조하는 경우는 거의 없고, 사용 용도에 따라 폴리에틸렌 또는 나일론을 단독 원료로 이용하여 어망을 제조한다. 본 실시예에서는 나일론 폐어망으로부터 원재료인 나일론을 추출한다.In general, the material of waste fishing nets is made of polyethylene and nylon. Fishing nets are rarely manufactured by mixing the two components, and polyethylene or nylon is used as the sole raw material depending on the intended use. . In this example, nylon, a raw material, is extracted from waste nylon fishing nets.
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 폐어망으로부터 나일론을 추출하는 방법의 수거된 폐어망 나일론의 사진이며, 도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 폐어망으로부터 나일론을 추출하는 방법의 절단부 도면이다.Figure 2 is a photograph of nylon collected from waste fishing nets in a method for extracting nylon from waste fishing nets according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 3 is a view of a cut portion of a method for extracting nylon from waste fishing nets according to an embodiment of the present invention.
절단 단계(S100)는 수거된 폐어망을 일정 크기 이하로 절단하는 단계이다. The cutting step (S100) is a step of cutting the collected waste fishing nets to a certain size or less.
절단 단계(S100)에서 수거된 폐어망은 호퍼(110)를 통해 절단부(100)로 내부로 투입되며, 절단부(100) 내부에 마련된 커터 등의 절단 수단을 통해 절단될 수 있다.The waste fishing net collected in the cutting step (S100) is introduced into the
여기서 절단 수단은 액츄에이터(120)를 통해 왕복 이송되는 제1커터(130)와, 제1커터(130)에 대향되며 고정 설치되는 제2커터(140)를 포함한다.Here, the cutting means includes a
폐어망은 호퍼(110)를 통해 제1커터(130)와 제2커터(140) 사이의 공간으로 낙하되며, 제1커터(130)가 유압식 액츄에이터(120)에 의해 왕복 이송되면서 폐어망을 제2커터(140) 측으로 이동시키면서 절단할 수 있다. 여기서 제1커터(130)는 유압식 액츄에이터(120)의 전단에 설치된 가압판(150)에 장착될 수 있다. 즉, 가압판(150)에 의해 폐어망이 제2커터(140) 측으로 가압 밀착되며, 이 과정에서 제1커터(130)와 제2커터(140)에 의해 절단될 수 있다.The waste fishing net falls into the space between the
이 때 폐어망은 절단부(100)로 투입 전 수작업에 의해 예비 절단될 수 있다. 이를 통해 절단부(100)에 과한 로드가 걸리는 것을 방지할 수 있으며, 보다 용이하게 소정 크기 이하로 절단될 수 있다.At this time, the waste fishing net may be preliminarily cut by hand before being input into the
세척 단계(S200)는 폐어망이 소정 크기 이하로 절단된 폐어망 조각에 함유된 염분 및 이물질을 제거하는 단계이다. 세척 단계(S200)는 제1세척 단계(S210)와 제2세척 단계(S220)를 포함한다.The washing step (S200) is a step of removing salt and foreign substances contained in pieces of the waste fishing net cut to a predetermined size or less. The washing step (S200) includes a first washing step (S210) and a second washing step (S220).
제1세척 단계(S210)에서는 폐어망에 잔류하는 염분, 염료 및 기타 이물질을 효과적으로 제거하기 위하여 나일론 폐어망 중량 대비 피리딘 5 ~ 30중량%와 공업용 세제 5 ~ 10 중량%를 첨가하고, 공업 용수를 5 내지 10배 첨가하여 세정을 실시한다. In the first washing step (S210), in order to effectively remove salt, dye, and other foreign substances remaining in the waste fishing net, 5 to 30% by weight of pyridine and 5 to 10% by weight of industrial detergent are added relative to the weight of the nylon waste fishing net, and 5 to 10% by weight of industrial water is added. Wash by adding 10 times the amount.
이 때 세정시간은 바람직하게 30분 이상이며, 보다 바람직하게는 60분간 세정한다.At this time, the cleaning time is preferably 30 minutes or more, and more preferably 60 minutes.
피리딘의 첨가량이 나일론 폐어망 대비 5중량% 미만인 경우, 염료 등의 불순물 제거가 용이하지 않고, 30중량%를 초과하면, 투입량 대비 경제성이 저하될 수 있다. If the amount of pyridine added is less than 5% by weight compared to the nylon waste fishing net, it is not easy to remove impurities such as dyes, and if it exceeds 30% by weight, economic feasibility may decrease compared to the amount added.
공업용 세제의 첨가량은 나일론 폐어망 대비 5중량% 미만이면 염분 및 기타 부착된 불순물의 제거가 용이치 않고, 10중량%를 초과하면 세제의 수세가 용이치 않고 경제성이 저하될 수 있다. 공업용수는 나일론 폐어망 중량 대비 5배 미만이면 세정 효과가 떨어지고, 10배를 초과하면 경제성이 저하될 수 있다. If the amount of industrial detergent added is less than 5% by weight compared to the nylon waste fishing net, it is difficult to remove salt and other attached impurities, and if it exceeds 10% by weight, it is difficult to flush the detergent and economic efficiency may be reduced. If the amount of industrial water is less than 5 times the weight of the waste nylon fishing net, the cleaning effect is reduced, and if it exceeds 10 times, the economic feasibility may decrease.
제1세척 단계(S210)를 통해 폐어망 조각에 함유된 염분 및 이물질이 1차 제거된다.Through the first washing step (S210), salt and foreign substances contained in the waste fishing net pieces are first removed.
제2세척 단계(S220)에서는 1차 세척된 폐어망 조각이 원심분리기로 투입된다.In the second washing step (S220), the first washed waste fishing net pieces are put into a centrifuge.
본 실시예에서 원심분리기 내부에는 블레이드가 설치되며, 모터로부터 동력을 받아 고속으로 회전된다.In this embodiment, a blade is installed inside the centrifuge and rotates at high speed by receiving power from a motor.
폐어망 조각들은 블레이드의 회전에 따라 고속 회전된다. 이 과정에서 폐어망 조각들은 보다 작은 크기들로 절단된다.Pieces of waste fishing net are rotated at high speed as the blade rotates. In this process, pieces of waste fishing net are cut into smaller sizes.
원심분리기 내부로는 주기적으로 물이 공급된다. 이 물을 통해서 원심분리기 내부의 온도가 소정 온도 이상으로 상승되는 것이 방지되며, 물에 의해 제1세척 단계(S210)에서 제거되지 못한 염분과 이물질들이 2차 제거된다.Water is periodically supplied into the centrifuge. This water prevents the temperature inside the centrifuge from rising above a predetermined temperature, and salts and foreign substances that were not removed in the first washing step (S210) are secondarily removed by the water.
또한, 물에 의한 윤활작용에 의해 폐어망 조각들 상호 간의 마찰이 줄어들게 된다.Additionally, the friction between pieces of waste fishing net is reduced due to the lubrication of water.
금속 성분 제거단계(S300)는 세척된 폐어망 조각들로부터 금속 성분을 제거하는 단계이다.The metal component removal step (S300) is a step of removing metal components from the washed waste fishing net pieces.
세척이 완료된 폐어망 조각들은 건조과정을 거친 후 열분해를 위해 이송 컨베이어 벨트를 통해 이송된다.After the washed waste fishing net pieces go through a drying process, they are transferred through a transfer conveyor belt for pyrolysis.
여기서, 이송 컨베이어 벨트의 하면에는 자석이 장착되어 폐어망 조각에서 미처 제거되지 못한 금속 성분들이 제거된다.Here, a magnet is installed on the bottom of the transfer conveyor belt to remove metal components that were not yet removed from the waste fishing net pieces.
열분해 단계(S400)는 폐어망 조각을 열분해하여 나일론 모노머를 생성하는 단계이다.The pyrolysis step (S400) is a step of generating nylon monomer by pyrolyzing pieces of waste fishing net.
도 4는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 폐어망으로부터 나일론을 추출하는 방법의 열분해 단계를 거친 폐어망 사진이다.Figure 4 is a photograph of a waste fishing net that has gone through the pyrolysis step of the method for extracting nylon from a waste fishing net according to an embodiment of the present invention.
나일론은 열분해 과정에서, 라디칼 반응에 의해 단계별로 분해 과정을 거치면서 나일론 모노머가 생성된다.Nylon undergoes step-by-step decomposition through a radical reaction during thermal decomposition, creating nylon monomers.
나일론 열분해 반응은 두 가지 형태로 진행될 수 있다. 나일론 결합 사슬의 종단에서 모노머가 분해 생성되는 경우와 나일론 결합 사슬의 중간에서 모노머가 분해 생성되는 형태이다.Nylon thermal decomposition reaction can proceed in two forms. There are two types: one in which monomers are decomposed and produced at the end of the nylon bond chain, and the other in which monomers are decomposed and produced in the middle of the nylon bond chain.
외부에서 에너지가 공급되면서 결합력이 가장 불안정한 C-N 결합사슬이 끊어지면서 라디칼을 형성하는데, 종단반응의 경우 나일론 결합사슬 끝에서 분해가 일어나며, 중단 반응의 경우 나일론 결합사슬의 중간에서 분해가 일어난다.As energy is supplied from the outside, the C-N bond chain, which has the most unstable bonding force, breaks, forming radicals. In the case of a termination reaction, decomposition occurs at the end of the nylon bond chain, and in the case of an interruption reaction, decomposition occurs in the middle of the nylon bond chain.
구체적인 반응 기작은, 나일론의 C-N 결합사슬이 끊어지면서 고분자 라디칼과 저분자 라디칼을 형성하고, 고분자 라디칼이 저분자 라디칼의 아민기(-NH2)의 수소(H)를 제거하여 고분자의 아민 화합물로 안정화된다. 반면에 수소를 잃은 저분자 라디칼은 고리화되면서 나일론의 모노머를 형성한다.The specific reaction mechanism is that the C-N bond chain of nylon is broken, forming a high molecular radical and a low molecular radical, and the high molecular radical is stabilized as a high molecular amine compound by removing the hydrogen (H) of the amine group (-NH2) of the low molecular radical. On the other hand, low-molecular radicals that have lost hydrogen are cyclized and form nylon monomers.
본 실시예에서 나일론의 열분해는 383℃ 이상에서 수행되며, 바람직하게는 600℃ 에서 수행된다.In this example, thermal decomposition of nylon is performed at 383°C or higher, and preferably at 600°C.
나일론 모노머를 중합한 다음 펠릿 형태로 성형함으로써 나일론 재생 칩으로 만들어질 수 있다. 중합 시 이산화티탄을 0.1 내지 3중량% 혼합하여 중합한 다음, 펠릿 형태로 성형하여 나일론 재생 칩을 제조할 수 있다.Nylon recycled chips can be made by polymerizing nylon monomers and then molding them into pellets. During polymerization, 0.1 to 3% by weight of titanium dioxide is mixed, polymerized, and then molded into pellets to produce nylon recycled chips.
상술한 바와 같이, 본 발명에 의하면, 사용 후 버려진 나일론 폐어망으로부터 원재료인 나일론을 용이하게 추출하여 재사용할 수 있으며, 추출된 나일론의 품질이 우수하며 반복 재생 가능한 나일론을 추출하는 방법이 제공된다.As described above, according to the present invention, nylon, a raw material, can be easily extracted and reused from waste nylon fishing nets discarded after use, and the extracted nylon is of excellent quality and provides a method for extracting nylon that can be repeatedly recycled.
본 발명에서 모든 예들 또는 예시적인 용어(예를 들어, 등등)의 사용은 단순히 본 발명을 상세히 설명하기 위한 것으로서 청구범위에 의해 한정되지 않는 이상 상기 예들 또는 예시적인 용어로 인해 본 발명의 범위가 한정되는 것은 아니다. 또한 해당 기술 분야의 통상의 기술자는 다양한 수정, 조합 및 변경이 부가된 청구범위 또는 그 균등물의 범주 내에서 설계 조건 및 팩터(factor)에 따라 구성될 수 있음을 알 수 있다.The use of any examples or illustrative terms (e.g., etc.) in the present invention is merely to describe the present invention in detail, and unless limited by the claims, the scope of the present invention is limited by the examples or illustrative terms. It doesn't work. Additionally, a person skilled in the art will know that various modifications, combinations, and changes may be made according to design conditions and factors within the scope of the appended claims or equivalents thereof.
따라서, 본 발명의 사상은 상기 설명된 실시예에 국한되어 정해져서는 아니되며, 후술하는 청구범위 뿐만 아니라, 이 청구범위와 균등한 또는 이로부터 등가적으로 변경된 모든 범위는 본 발명의 사상의 범주에 속한다고 할 것이다.Accordingly, the spirit of the present invention should not be limited to the above-described embodiments, and the scope of the spirit of the present invention, as well as the claims described below, as well as any scope equivalent to or equivalently changed from this claim, shall fall within the scope of the spirit of the present invention. It will be said that it belongs.
S1000 : 폐어망으로부터 나일론을 추출하는 방법
S100 : 절단 단계
S200 : 세척 단계
S300 : 금속 성분 제거 단계
S400 : 열분해 단계S1000: Method for extracting nylon from discarded fishing nets
S100: Cutting step S200: Washing step
S300: Metal component removal step S400: Thermal decomposition step
Claims (4)
상기 폐어망 조각에서 염분 및 이물질을 제거하는 세척 단계;
상기 세척 단계에서 세척된 상기 폐어망 조각으로부터 금속 성분을 제거하는 단계;
상기 폐어망 조각을 열분해하여 나일론 모노머를 생성하는 단계;
를 포함하는 폐어망으로부터 나일론을 추출하는 방법.
A cutting step of cutting a waste fishing net made of nylon into pieces of a predetermined size or less to prepare waste fishing net pieces;
A washing step of removing salt and foreign substances from the waste fishing net pieces;
Removing metal components from the piece of waste fishing net washed in the washing step;
generating nylon monomer by pyrolyzing the waste fishing net pieces;
A method of extracting nylon from waste fishing nets comprising.
상기 열분해는 383℃ 이상의 온도에서 수행되는
폐어망으로부터 나일론을 추출하는 방법.
According to paragraph 1,
The thermal decomposition is performed at a temperature of 383°C or higher.
How to extract nylon from discarded fishing nets.
상기 열분해는 600℃에서 수행되는
폐어망으로부터 나일론을 추출하는 방법.
According to paragraph 2,
The thermal decomposition is performed at 600°C.
How to extract nylon from discarded fishing nets.
상기 세척단계는,
공업용수를 이용하여 염분 및 이물질을 제거하는 제1세척 단계;와,
원심 분리기에서 1차 세척된 상기 폐어망 조각을 회전 시켜 염분 및 수분을 제거하는 제2세척 단계;
를 포함하는 폐어망으로부터 나일론을 추출하는 방법.
According to paragraph 1,
The washing step is,
A first washing step of removing salt and foreign substances using industrial water;
A second washing step of rotating the first washed waste fishing net pieces in a centrifugal separator to remove salt and moisture;
A method of extracting nylon from waste fishing nets comprising.
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101130461B1 (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2012-04-12 | 주식회사 효성 | Method for Recycling Wasted Nylon Fish Net and Recycled Nylon filament fiber |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101130461B1 (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2012-04-12 | 주식회사 효성 | Method for Recycling Wasted Nylon Fish Net and Recycled Nylon filament fiber |
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