KR20230156490A - Pyrolysis apparatus for plastic wastes - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is suitable for intermittent operation in accordance with small-scale or each factory's own waste synthetic resin recycling system, and furthermore, even when the collected amount of waste synthetic resin is large, continuous operation can be performed while maintaining the thermal power of the burner. It relates to a waste synthetic resin pyrolysis device that can reduce fuel consumption and increase pyrolysis efficiency, comprising a gas combustion chamber whose interior is heated by the thermal power of a burner, a decomposition combustion chamber whose interior is heated by receiving the thermal power of the burner, and A pyrolysis tank is installed to be retractable at the top of the decomposition and combustion chamber, and waste synthetic resin is input and accommodated therein, and then receives heat from the decomposition and combustion chamber to thermally decompose the waste synthetic resin, and a pyrolysis tank that filters the generated gas pyrolyzed from the pyrolysis tank. It includes a filter and a condenser that produces recycled oil by condensing it, and the pyrolysis tank has a cylindrical shape with a hollow interior, and is retractable and retractable from above the decomposition and combustion chamber so that the open upper part protrudes to the outside from the decomposition and combustion chamber. It is installed, and is coupled to a tank frame in which the waste synthetic resin is accommodated, and an upper part of the tank frame so that it can be opened and closed, and a hook is formed on the upper surface to catch the lifting wire, and the gas is transmitted to the filter. It is characterized by including an upper cover connected to the filter.

Description

Waste synthetic resin pyrolysis device {PYROLYSIS APPARATUS FOR PLASTIC WASTES}

The present invention relates to a waste synthetic resin pyrolysis device that pyrolyzes waste synthetic resin to produce recycled oil.

As industrialization accelerates and living standards improve, demand for energy and resources is increasing. Recently, as resource and energy shortages have worsened, waste has been approached from the perspective of a resource.

In particular, the use of plastics in Korea is rapidly increasing as lifestyles become westernized. Among them, Korea's thermoplastic resin production is approximately 10 million tons, ranking 5th in the world, and thermoplastic resins discharged as waste annually are approximately 4 million tons, which is a huge amount entering the environment. It is becoming.

50% of the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin waste is incinerated, 15% is landfilled, and the remaining 35% is recycled. Thermoplastic resins have a fast combustion rate, so if sufficient oxygen is not supplied, there is a high probability of incomplete combustion. In addition, PVC contained in mixed thermoplastic resin waste is known to be the cause of HCl and dioxin emissions during the incineration process.

Therefore, despite its advantages such as high calorific value, incineration of waste thermoplastic resin is not considered a desirable alternative due to management difficulties. On the other hand, due to the fatal disadvantage of landfill in that it does not utilize resources, landfill disposal of combustible waste is being banned worldwide, and Korea is also limiting the role of landfill to landfilling incineration ash and non-recyclable waste.

Generally, recycling is divided into material recycling and chemical recycling, but recently, energy recycling is also included as a new recycling category. The material recycling is a form of recycling that converts raw materials through injection after going through a melting process or produces products through a molding process. However, because the purity is low, it is impossible to reduce it to a single expensive raw material, and demand and preference are low due to problems such as the color of the product. Chemical recycling includes pyrolysis and gasification, of which pyrolysis has recently made significant technological progress, and the economic feasibility of pyrolysis is sufficiently secured as the price of oil continues to rise.

Thermal decomposition of waste synthetic resin is a process in which waste synthetic resin is thermally decomposed by externally supplied energy and converted into gaseous products, liquid products, and solid products. The gaseous product is mainly composed of CH ₄ , C ₂ H ₆ , and C ₃ H ₈ and can be used as fuel gas, and the liquid product is a hydrocarbon compound with a carbon number of 15 or less and can be used as heavy oil or higher oil. In addition, the solid product is the main ingredient and can be used as an alternative fuel to coal, and can be used as a carbon source such as carbon black, activated carbon, and carbon nanotubes.

Thermal decomposition of waste synthetic resin can be divided into high-temperature and low-temperature reactions depending on the reaction temperature, and the type and amount of products produced vary depending on the reaction temperature. For example, the higher the temperature reaction, the higher the production rate of gaseous products, and the lower the production rate of liquid and solid products, and the opposite phenomenon is observed in low-temperature reactions. Among these, the main purpose of high-temperature pyrolysis with a reaction temperature of 600℃ or higher is to generate fuel gas, but it is inferior in fuel gas generation compared to gasification, so it is not widely used in the field.

Therefore, most waste synthetic resin pyrolysis devices currently operate at low temperatures below 600°C and are installed and operated for the purpose of generating fuel oil, that is, converting it into oil. In this way, low-temperature pyrolysis devices are advantageous for generating fuel oil, and thermoplastic resin is a material suitable for meeting this purpose.

The pyrolysis device for waste synthetic resin according to the prior art includes 'Simple pyrolysis device for waste synthetic resin' in Registered Utility Model Publication No. 20-0397138, 'Pyrolysis oil regeneration device for waste synthetic resin' in Registered Utility Model Publication No. 20-0299241, and Public Patent Publication No. 20-0299241. There is ‘waste synthetic resin pyrolysis device’ under No. 10-2008-0087607.

This conventional waste synthetic resin pyrolysis device is designed to continuously pyrolyze large quantities of materials and is not suitable for intermittent operation for small-scale use or for use as a recycling system for each factory's own waste synthetic resin. In particular, foreign matter, chlorine substances, sludge, etc. generated during thermal decomposition of waste synthetic resin, which has been a problem in the past, adheres to the inside of the device, causing a decrease in thermal efficiency, difficulty in management, and a cause of failure.

In order to solve the above problems, the 'waste synthetic resin pyrolysis device' of Patent Registration No. 10-1734033 was developed, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. Specifically, the waste synthetic resin pyrolysis device according to the prior art has a gas combustion chamber 10, the inside of which is heated by the thermal power of the burner 11, and is in communication with the gas combustion chamber 10 to transmit the thermal power of the burner 11. A decomposition and combustion chamber (20) whose interior is heated, and a pyrolysis tank installed in the decomposition and combustion chamber (20), in which waste synthetic resin is introduced and accommodated, and then receiving heat from the decomposition and combustion chamber (20) to thermally decompose the waste synthetic resin. (30), and a filter (40) and a condenser (50) for producing recycled oil by filtering and condensing the generated gas pyrolyzed from the pyrolysis tank 30. At this time, the pyrolysis tank 30 includes a tank frame 31, a plurality of pyrolysis containers 32 accommodated inside the tank frame 31, and an upper part that is openable and installed on the top of the tank frame 31. Includes cover (33).

However, the waste synthetic resin pyrolysis device according to the prior art as described above is suitable for intermittent operation in accordance with small-scale or each factory's own waste synthetic resin recycling system, but is not suitable for continuous operation when a rather large amount of waste synthetic resin is accumulated. The problem is that it doesn't fit.

In other words, even if the amount of waste synthetic resin collected is small even in a small factory, if pyrolysis occurs each time it is collected, the burner 11 must be operated to increase thermal power, so based on the tank frame 31, pyrolysis is performed 2 to 3 times rather than once. This is because thermal decomposition to a certain extent can reduce fuel consumption.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 3, the tank frame 31 is fixedly installed in the decomposition and combustion chamber 20, so in order to take out the plurality of pyrolysis vessels 32 from the tank frame 32, the upper cover 33 must be opened. To open the upper cover 33, the operation of the burner 11 is stopped, the upper cover 33 is opened only after the heat in the decomposition combustion chamber 20 has sufficiently subsided, and a plurality of pyrolysis containers are removed from the tank frame 32. After taking out (32) and discharging the sludge remaining after pyrolysis, there is a problem in that a plurality of pyrolysis vessels (32) must be newly inserted into the tank frame (32) to restart the burner (11) to increase the thermal power.

The purpose of the present invention, which was devised to solve the above problems, is to be suitable for intermittent operation in accordance with small-scale or each factory's own waste synthetic resin recycling system, and furthermore, even when the collected amount of waste synthetic resin is large, the burner The aim is to provide a waste synthetic resin pyrolysis device that can operate continuously while maintaining thermal power, thereby reducing fuel consumption and increasing pyrolysis efficiency.

Other objects, specific advantages and novel features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description and preferred embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

In order to achieve the above object, the waste synthetic resin pyrolysis device according to the present invention has a gas combustion chamber whose interior is heated by the thermal power of a burner, and a hot air inlet at the lower left side communicates with the gas combustion chamber to receive the thermal power of the burner. A decomposition combustion chamber that is heated on the inside and discharges the heated internal heat through a hot air discharge port on the upper right side, is installed to be retractable and removable at the top of the decomposition combustion chamber, and after the waste synthetic resin is introduced and received therein, the decomposition combustion chamber It includes a pyrolysis tank that receives heat to thermally decompose the spent synthetic resin, a filter and a condenser that filters and condenses the gas generated from the pyrolysis tank to produce recycled oil, and the pyrolysis tank is a cylinder with a hollow interior. It has a shape, is installed to be retractable and removable above the decomposition and combustion chamber so that the open upper part protrudes outward from the decomposition and combustion chamber, and is coupled to a tank frame in which the waste synthetic resin is accommodated, and an upper part of the tank frame so as to be openable and closed. A locking ring is formed on the upper surface to catch the lifting wire, and it is characterized by including an upper cover connected to the filter to transmit the generated gas to the filter.

In addition, the pyrolysis tank includes a first pyrolysis tank and a second pyrolysis tank, and the first pyrolysis tank is pulled upward from the decomposition combustion chamber after pyrolysis of the first pyrolysis tank while the thermal power of the burner is maintained. and introducing the second pyrolysis tank, which is on standby, into the decomposition and combustion chamber to continuously perform pyrolysis.

In addition, the pyrolysis tank is a plurality of tanks, each of which contains the waste synthetic resin, and each of which is placed upright inside the tank frame or is removed from the inside of the tank frame to the outside after the waste synthetic resin is pyrolyzed. It is characterized in that it further includes a pyrolysis vessel.

In addition, the tank frame of the pyrolysis tank includes a plurality of heat transfer pipes, each of which protrudes upward from the bottom, and each of the pyrolysis vessels is placed between the heat transfer pipes of the tank frame and mounted upright. do.

In addition, each of the pyrolysis vessels includes a sludge receiver that is open at the top and closed on the lower and left and right sides, a cylindrical holding net whose lower part is detachably coupled to the upper part of the sludge receiver and a mesh net is formed on the side, It is characterized in that it includes a handle installed on the upper part of the holding net.

The waste synthetic resin pyrolysis device according to the present invention is suitable for intermittent operation in accordance with small-scale or each factory's own waste synthetic resin recycling system, and further, maintains the thermal power of the burner even when the collected amount of waste synthetic resin is large. Continuous operation can be performed, which has the effect of reducing fuel consumption and increasing pyrolysis efficiency.

1 is a configuration diagram showing a pyrolysis device for waste synthetic resin according to the prior art;
Figure 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the main part of the decomposition combustion chamber and the pyrolysis tank in the embodiment of Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a main sectional side view showing the process of removing the pyrolysis vessel after opening the upper cover of the pyrolysis tank after completion of pyrolysis in the embodiment of Figure 2;
Figure 4 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a waste synthetic resin pyrolysis device according to the present invention;
Figure 5 is a side cross-sectional view of the main portion of the decomposition combustion chamber and the pyrolysis tank in the embodiment of Figure 4;
Figures 6 and 7 are main sectional side views showing the process of introducing the second pyrolysis tank into the decomposition and combustion chamber after the pyrolysis of the first pyrolysis tank is completed and withdrawn from the decomposition and combustion chamber in the embodiment of Figure 5;
Figure 8 is a perspective view showing the tank frame and pyrolysis vessel of the pyrolysis tank in the embodiment of Figure 5,
Figure 9 is a plan view of the embodiment of Figure 8;
Figures 10 and 11 are perspective views of the main portion showing the process of attaching and detaching the sludge receiver and holding net of the pyrolysis vessel in the embodiment of Figure 9.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the waste synthetic resin pyrolysis device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 11, the waste synthetic resin pyrolysis device according to the present invention includes a gas combustion chamber 100, a decomposition combustion chamber 200, a pyrolysis tank 300, a filter 400, and a condenser 500, The pyrolysis tank 300 includes a tank frame 310 and an upper cover 320, and may further include a pyrolysis vessel 330. In addition, the pyrolysis tank 300 is individually divided into a first pyrolysis tank 301 and a second pyrolysis tank 302 and are installed to be drawn in and out of the decomposition and combustion chamber 200.

The inside of the gas combustion chamber 100 is heated by the thermal power of the burner 110, as shown in FIG. 4. The burner 110 is ignited by injected gas to generate thermal power, and can also receive and reuse waste gas remaining after thermal decomposition of waste synthetic resin. This gas combustion chamber 100 is connected to the hot air inlet 210 of the decomposition combustion chamber 200, which will be described later, and transmits the generated thermal power.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the decomposition combustion chamber 200 has a heat inlet 210 at the lower left side in communication with the gas combustion chamber 100, and the interior is heated by receiving the thermal power of the burner 110, and the upper right side The heated internal heat is discharged through the hot air outlet 220. This decomposition combustion chamber 200 is a furnace formed integrally with the gas combustion chamber 100, and receives the thermal power generated through the burner 110 of the gas combustion chamber 100 and transfers it to the pyrolysis tank 300, which will be described later.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the thermal decomposition tank 300 is installed to be retractable and removable from the upper part of the decomposition and combustion chamber 200, and after waste synthetic resin (not shown) is introduced and accommodated therein, the decomposition and combustion chamber 200 The waste synthetic resin is thermally decomposed by receiving heat from the. When the waste synthetic resin is thermally decomposed in the pyrolysis tank 300, it is converted into gaseous products, liquid products, and solid products. The gaseous product is mainly composed of CH ₄ , C ₂ H ₆ , and C ₃ H ₈ and can be used as fuel gas, and the liquid product is a hydrocarbon compound with a carbon number of 15 or less and can be used as heavy oil or higher oil. In addition, the solid product is the main ingredient and can be used as an alternative fuel to coal, and can be used as a carbon source such as carbon black, activated carbon, and carbon nanotubes.

Here, the solid product remains inside the pyrolysis tank 300 as sludge, and the evaporated liquid product and gaseous product are filtered through a filter 400, which will be described later, and then passed through a condenser 500, and the liquid product is converted into recycled oil. produced, the gaseous product can be collected as fuel gas, or the waste gas can be reused to generate thermal power in the burner 110, as shown in FIG. 4.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the filter 400 and the condenser 500 filter the pyrolyzed gas generated from the pyrolysis tank 300 and then condense it to produce recycled oil. Since the filtration and condensation process of the filter 400 and the condenser 500 is a widely known technology, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

As described above, the general thermal decomposition process of the composite resin thermal decomposition device and the processing process of the products generated after thermal decomposition were examined. Here, solid products remain inside the pyrolysis tank 300 and cause a decrease in thermal efficiency, difficulty in management, and breakdown. The present invention seeks to solve this problem through a pyrolysis tank 300 with a unique configuration. In addition, even when the collected amount of waste synthetic resin is large, continuous operation can be performed while maintaining the thermal power of the burner 110, thereby reducing fuel consumption, and the pyrolysis tank 300 is disassembled to increase pyrolysis efficiency. It has the feature of being installed so that it can be drawn in and out of the combustion chamber 200.

First, in order to perform continuous operation, the specific configuration of the pyrolysis tank 300 includes a tank frame 310 and an upper cover 320 as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7. The tank frame 310 has a cylindrical shape with a hollow interior, and is installed to be retractable and removable above the decomposition and combustion chamber 200 so that the open upper part protrudes outward from the decomposition and combustion chamber 200, and the spent synthetic resin is inside. In addition, the upper cover 320 is coupled to the upper part of the tank frame 310 so that it can be opened and closed, and a hook 321 is formed on the upper surface so that the lifting wire 322 is caught, and the generated gas is It is connected to the filter 400 to deliver it to the filter 400.

At this time, the pyrolysis tank 300 includes a first pyrolysis tank 301 and a second pyrolysis tank 302, respectively, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, and the thermal decomposition tank 300 is maintained while the thermal power of the burner 110 is maintained. After thermal decomposition of the first pyrolysis tank 301, the first pyrolysis tank 301 is withdrawn upward from the decomposition and combustion chamber 200, and the waiting second pyrolysis tank 302 is placed in the decomposition and combustion chamber 200. Thermal decomposition can be carried out continuously by introduction. In order to pull in and out of the first pyrolysis tank 301 and the second pyrolysis tank 302, a lifting wire 322 is installed through a crane (not shown) through a hook 321 formed on each upper cover 320. After fixing it, you can raise, lower, and move it.

That is, the waste synthetic resin pyrolysis device according to the present invention installs the pyrolysis tank 300 to be retractable from the decomposition and combustion chamber 200, and divides it into a first pyrolysis tank 301 and a second pyrolysis tank 302. Since pyrolysis can be performed efficiently, fuel consumption can be reduced and pyrolysis efficiency can be improved through continuous operation while maintaining the thermal power of the burner 110 even when the collected amount of waste synthetic resin is large.

In addition, in order to prevent solid products from remaining inside the pyrolysis tank 300, the waste synthetic resin is accommodated inside each of the pyrolysis tanks 300, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, and each is attached to the tank frame ( It may further include a plurality of pyrolysis containers 330 that are placed upright inside the tank 310 or are removed from the inside of the tank frame 310 to the outside after the waste synthetic resin is pyrolyzed.

That is, the waste synthetic resin pyrolysis device according to the present invention does not directly inject the waste synthetic resin into the tank frame 310, but rather contains the waste synthetic resin through a separate pyrolysis container 330 and then attaches the pyrolysis container 330 to the tank frame. Injected into the interior of (310). Accordingly, the sludge remaining after the waste synthetic resin is pyrolyzed remains inside the pyrolysis vessel 330, and the pyrolysis vessel 330 can be removed from the tank frame 310 to easily dispose of the sludge, which is a solid product. There is.

At this time, a separate pyrolysis vessel 330 is placed inside the tank frame 310, and since waste synthetic resin is contained inside the pyrolysis vessel 330, heat transfer efficiency may be reduced. In order to prevent this, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the tank frame 310 of the pyrolysis tank 300 includes a plurality of heat transfer pipes 311 each protruding upward from the bottom surface, and the pyrolysis vessel ( 330) Each is placed between each of the heat transfer pipes 311 of the tank frame 310 and held upright.

That is, the thermal power of the burner 110 transmitted to the decomposition combustion chamber 200 is transmitted through the side of the tank frame 310 as well as the lower surface of the tank frame 310, and in particular through the heat transfer pipe 311 to the tank frame ( 310) maximizes heat transfer efficiency to the inside. In addition, without the need to provide a separate stand to hold the pyrolysis vessel 330, it is placed between the heat transfer tubes 311 and stands upright, allowing the heat transferred from the heat transfer tube 311 to be transmitted more efficiently. .

Meanwhile, when thermal decomposition is performed while the waste synthetic resin is contained inside the pyrolysis vessel 330, the waste synthetic resin melts and becomes liquefied, and is gradually gasified, leaving sludge, etc. as the final solid product. The thermal decomposition vessel 330 requires a structure that matches the phase change of the waste synthetic resin contained therein during the thermal decomposition process.

That is, each of the pyrolysis vessels 330 may include a sludge receiver 331, a holding net 332, and a handle 333, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. The sludge receiver 331 is open at the top and closed at the bottom and left and right sides, preventing waste synthetic resin from being discharged to the outside when liquefied, and the final remaining sludge remains after vaporization. The holding net 332 has a cylindrical shape with its lower part detachably installed on the upper part of the sludge receiving 331 and a mesh net formed on the side. It holds the waste synthetic resin vertically and transfers heat through the mesh net. It is to raise it. The handle 333 is installed on the upper part of the holding net 332, and as the name suggests, it may be a protruding knob that can be held by hand, or may be shaped like a semi-ring as shown in the drawing. This handle is installed to facilitate insertion or removal of the pyrolysis vessel 330 into the tank frame 310. It is not meant to be held by hand as a handle, but to ensure convenience of transportation using a crane, etc. It is for.

When the waste synthetic resin contained in the pyrolysis vessel 330 is pyrolyzed and the pyrolysis vessel 330 is removed from the tank frame 310, sludge remains inside the sludge receiver 331 of the pyrolysis vessel 330. This sludge must be treated, but it is not easy to treat the sludge with the holding net 332 coupled. Therefore, in each of the pyrolysis vessels 330, the holding net 332 can be detachably coupled to the sludge receiver 331, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, and through this, the inside of the sludge receiver 331 The sludge contained in can be easily treated.

The embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the drawings should not be construed as limiting the technical idea of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is limited only by the matters stated in the claims, and those skilled in the art can improve and change the technical idea of the present invention into various forms. Therefore, such improvements and changes will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention as long as they are obvious to those skilled in the art.

100: gas combustion chamber 110: burner
200: Decomposition combustion chamber
210: hot air inlet 220: hot air outlet
300: Pyrolysis tank
301: first pyrolysis tank 302: second pyrolysis tank
310: tank frame 311: heat transfer pipe
320: Top cover
321: Hook 322: Elevating wire
330: Pyrolysis vessel 331: Sludge receiver
332: Holding net 333: Handle
400: Filter
500: Condenser

Claims (5)

A gas combustion chamber whose interior is heated by the thermal power of the burner,
A decomposition combustion chamber in which the heat inlet at the lower left is in communication with the gas combustion chamber, the interior is heated by receiving the thermal power of the burner, and the heated internal heat is discharged through the hot air outlet at the upper right;
A pyrolysis tank installed to be retractable at the top of the decomposition and combustion chamber, and receiving the waste synthetic resin therein, receiving heat from the decomposition and combustion chamber to pyrolyze the waste synthetic resin;
It includes a filter and a condenser that filters the pyrolyzed gas generated from the pyrolysis tank and condenses it to produce recycled oil,
The pyrolysis tank is,
A tank frame that has a cylindrical shape with a hollow interior, is installed to be retractable and removable above the decomposition and combustion chamber so that the open upper part protrudes outward from the decomposition and combustion chamber, and accommodates the waste synthetic resin therein;
A waste synthetic resin, characterized in that it is coupled to the upper part of the tank frame so as to be openable, has a locking ring formed on the upper surface to catch a lifting wire, and includes an upper cover connected to the filter to transmit the generated gas to the filter. Pyrolysis device.
According to paragraph 1,
The pyrolysis tank is,
Includes a first pyrolysis tank and a second pyrolysis tank, respectively,
While the thermal power of the burner is maintained, after thermal decomposition of the first pyrolysis tank, the first pyrolysis tank is withdrawn upward from the decomposition and combustion chamber, and the waiting second pyrolysis tank is introduced into the decomposition and combustion chamber to continuously perform pyrolysis. A waste synthetic resin pyrolysis device characterized in that it performs.
According to paragraph 1,
The pyrolysis tank is,
Further comprising a plurality of pyrolysis containers in which the waste synthetic resin is accommodated, each of which is placed upright inside the tank frame or is removed from the inside of the tank frame to the outside after the waste synthetic resin is pyrolyzed. A waste synthetic resin pyrolysis device characterized in that.
According to paragraph 3,
The tank frame of the pyrolysis tank is,
Each includes a plurality of heat transfer pipes protruding upward from the bottom surface,
Each of the above pyrolysis vessels,
A waste synthetic resin pyrolysis device, characterized in that it is placed between each heat transfer pipe of the tank frame and mounted upright.
According to paragraph 4,
Each of the above pyrolysis vessels,
A sludge receiver that is open at the top and closed at the bottom and left and right sides,
A cylindrical holding net, the lower part of which is detachably coupled to the upper part of the sludge receiver, and a mesh net formed on the side,
A waste synthetic resin pyrolysis device comprising a handle installed on the top of the holding net.

Images