KR20230148623A - Grain threshing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention involves entering various dried grain stalks, such as sesame stalks, perilla stalks, and soybean stalks that require threshing, into an upright threshing tank, striking the threshing portion of the grain stalk, and threshing grains such as sesame seeds and soybeans at the threshing portion. Regarding a grain threshing device,
In the present invention, a threshing tank having a threshing space with an entrance and exit at the top and an outlet at the bottom; A driving unit disposed upright in the threshing space of the threshing tank and having a rotating shaft that rotates by receiving rotational force from the driving unit; A striking arm fixed to one point of the rotating shaft and rotating with the rotating shaft to hit the threshing portion of the grain stand erected in the threshing space; And arranged in the threshing space of the threshing tank, the threshing space is divided upper and lower into a striking room arranged with the striking arm and a collection room for collecting the threshed grain, and the gumbul and the gum separated from the threshing area of the grain stand by hitting by the striking arm. It is characterized by including a partition screen that separates the threshed grain through particle size selection and collects the threshed grain in the collection chamber.

Description

Grain threshing apparatus {Grain threshing apparatus}

The present invention relates to a grain threshing device. More specifically, the present invention relates to a grain threshing device, and more specifically, to erect various dried grain stalks such as sesame stalks, perilla stalks, and soybean stalks that require threshing into a threshing tank, and to strike the threshing portion of the grain stalk to remove the grain from the threshing portion. This relates to a grain threshing device that threshes grains such as sesame seeds, perilla seeds, and soybeans.

Traditionally, in order to thresh sesame seeds, perilla seeds, etc., a certain area of land is first leveled in the center of the farmland where these crops are grown, and then a mat is placed on top of it. After laying a base made of sturdy fabric such as vinyl or a tent, the sufficiently dried crops to be threshed are arranged on the base and struck using a threshing tool such as a torique to separate the grains and remove impurities such as foreign substances. Threshing grains were obtained through the sorting process.

In this striking method, the threshed grain separated from the ovary flies far and leaves the substrate laid on the ground, causing considerable loss. The crop that has been struck first is turned over and spread on the substrate, and then the crop is struck again. The threshing method also could not avoid the inefficiency of requiring a lot of labor.

In order to improve the inefficiency of traditional agriculture, various types of power threshing machines are being released for more efficient harvesting using power, and new methods are being proposed day by day.

Representatively, in Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-2051491, threshing performance can be improved by increasing the threshing rate of coarse grains such as sesame or perilla seeds, which have small particles and are difficult to de-seed, and are equipped with a threshing drum and a threshing drum located below it. We propose a mixed grain threshing machine that allows optimal threshing performance by adjusting the installation status of the net by having a structure that can be adjusted according to the shape and size of the mixed grains,

Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1840374 proposes a sesame threshing device that threshes the sesame seeds contained in the threshing area by repeatedly vibrating, hitting, and compressing the threshing area of dried sesame seeds.

However, looking at the current status of agricultural fields, most crops with low yields, such as sesame and perilla seeds, are grown on small farmland of about 50 pyeong to 300 pyeong, and considering that the amount of threshing work is small, heavy power thresher, which usually weighs more than 100 kg, is used on the bottom. Moving to the center of uneven and rugged farmland requires considerable inconvenience and labor, and when the amount of crops to be threshed is not large, it actually results in inefficiency of the work.

Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-2051491 Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1840374

The purpose of the present invention, which was devised to solve the above problems, is to thresh grain by hitting the threshing part of the grain stand that stands up and enters the threshing tank, and the pods removed from the threshing part together with the threshing grain by the blow. The aim is to provide a grain threshing device that reduces the load on the device and improves the collection efficiency of threshed grain through selective removal of gums such as the like.

The above object is achieved by the following configuration provided by the present invention.

The grain threshing device according to the present invention,

A threshing tank having a threshing space with an entrance and exit at the top and an outlet at the bottom;

A driving unit disposed upright in the threshing space of the threshing tank and having a rotating shaft that rotates by receiving rotational force from the driving unit;

A striking arm fixed to one point of the rotating shaft and rotating with the rotating shaft to hit the threshing portion of the grain stand erected in the threshing space; and

Arranged in the threshing space of the threshing tank, the threshing space is divided upper and lower into a striking room arranged with the striking arm and a collection room for collecting the threshed grain, and the gumbul and threshing separated from the threshing area of the grain stand by hitting by the striking arm. It is characterized by comprising a compartment screen that separates grains through particle size selection and collects the threshed grains in the collection chamber.

Preferably, the partition screen unit is configured to include a screen member in which screening holes of a set grain size are formed, and the rotation axis rotates along the upper surface of the screen member to disperse the threshed grain and gumball located on the upper surface of the screen member. A sorting scraper unit is formed.

More preferably, a gumball discharge passage is formed on the side wall of the threshing tank where the compartment screening unit is disposed, so that the gumballs spread to the outside of the screening member are discharged to the outside along the gumbul discharge path formed on the side wall of the threshing tank.

In addition, a diffusion guide member forming a spiral guideway is disposed on the upper surface of the net member,

By the scraping action of the sorting scraper unit, the threshed grains and gums located on the upper part of the screen member spread outward along the spiral guideway, and the threshed grains fall by their own weight into the collection chamber along the sorting holes of the screen member and are discharged. It is configured to move outward along the spiral guideway and be discharged to the outside along the gumball discharge path formed on the side wall of the threshing tank.

In addition, a cyclone sorting unit is added to the outlet disposed at the bottom of the threshing tank.

As described above, the grain threshing device according to the present invention has a centrifugal striking action through the striking arm, a sorting and discharge action including a partition screen and a sorting scraper, and cyclone separation of the threshed grains sorted and discharged to provide pure threshing. Water harvesting is possible.

In particular, the sorting discharge structure enables rapid sorting and discharge of gum and threshed grains through the organic action of the screen member, diffusion guide member, and sorting scraper part, thereby increasing the collection efficiency of threshed grain and increasing the load within the device through rapid discharge of gum. It has the specificity of minimizing occurrence.

1 to 3 show the overall configuration of the grain threshing device proposed as a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
Figures 4 to 5 are operational state diagrams showing the process of threshing grain through a grain threshing device proposed as a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the grain threshing device proposed as a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

Figures 1 to 3 show the overall configuration of the grain threshing device proposed as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 4 to 5 show threshing of grain through the grain threshing device proposed as a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It is a state diagram showing the process.

The grain threshing device (1) proposed as a preferred embodiment of the present invention physically strikes the threshing portion of various grain stalks such as sesame stalks, perilla seed stalks, and soybean stalks dried in the open field or in a threshing yard, etc., thereby removing the sesame seeds from the threshing portion. It is a device for harvesting threshed grains such as perilla seeds and beans.

The grain threshing device (1) is a hollow threshing tank (10) having a threshing space (11) in which an entrance (12a) is formed at the top and an outlet (13a) is formed at the bottom, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. and; A driving unit 20 arranged upright in the threshing space 11 of the threshing tank 10 and having a rotating shaft 22 that rotates by receiving rotational force from the driving unit 21; It includes a striking arm 30 that is fixed to one point of the rotating shaft 21 and rotates within the threshing space 11, standing upright in the threshing space 11 and hitting the threshing portion of the inserted grain stand.

According to this embodiment, the threshing tank 10, the driving unit 20, and the striking arm unit 30 are attached to a management machine having a self-traveling function, etc., and move to an open field or threshing yard requiring threshing work through the management machine, thereby threshing. The work can be performed, and each of these components is mounted on a transport frame 70 equipped with moving wheels 71, so that they can be moved to an open field or threshing yard that requires threshing work through the transport frame 70. .

As in the present embodiment, the drive unit 21 constituting the drive unit 20 is an internal combustion engine mounted on an electric motor or a manager that generates rotational force by electricity, and generates the rotational force required for threshing through the rotation shaft 22. provided to.

The threshing tank 10 is made of a funnel-shaped hollow body with a large diameter in the upper part where the entrance and exit (12a) is formed and a relatively small diameter in the lower part where the outlet (13a) is formed, through the entrance and exit (12a) with a wide diameter. It promotes stable entry and exit of grain stands requiring threshing, and also stably collects threshed grains from the grain belt through the outlet (13a) whose diameter gradually narrows.

And, at the upper part of the threshing tank 10 where the entry and exit 12a is formed, a shaft support bar 23 is disposed across the upper end of the rotating shaft 22 upright in the threshing space 11 in a rotating structure, The rotation shaft 22 is fixed upright in the central part of the threshing space 11 through the shaft support bar 23 and rotates in one direction by the rotational force provided from the drive unit 21.

In addition, the striking arm portion 30 disposed on the rotating shaft 22 is fixed to one point of the rotating shaft 22, and includes an arm bracket 31 having a plurality of female joint pins 31a formed in a radial structure on the outside, and ; It includes a centrifugal striking arm 32 that connects the inner end to the female joint pin 31a of the arm bracket 31 with a hinge structure and is deployed in a radial structure within the threshing space 11 by centrifugal force caused by one-way rotation. .

Here, the centrifugal striking arms 32 that centrifugally strike the threshing portion of the grain rack can be made of hard materials such as metal rods, but are preferably made of an elastic material that can be elastically bent by external force to provide a threshing space (11). ) to achieve standardized threshing of grains such as sesame seeds, perilla seeds, or soybeans by flexibly hitting the threshing area of the grain stand standing upright.

Therefore, the striking arm unit 30 rotates in one direction with the rotation axis 22 as shown in Figure 4, and each centrifugal striking arm 32 is deployed in a radial structure by the centrifugal force generated in this process to form the threshing space 11. The centrifugal striking arms 32, whose centrifugal force is attenuated while standing upright and striking the threshing area of the grain stand entered, are hinged and folded through the joint pin end 31a, temporarily interfering with the threshing area. It is resolved.

Meanwhile, in this embodiment, a unique sorting structure is used to select and discharge the threshed grain from the threshing portion of the grain belt by hitting the striking arm 30 in the threshing space 11 and the gums such as pods that have fallen together with the grain. By providing, the threshed grains from the threshing part of the grain rack are collected along the discharge port (13a), and the gums that have fallen from the threshing part of the grain belt are separated from the threshing grain and are selected and discharged to the side of the threshing tank (10).

The sorting discharge structure provided in this embodiment is disposed in the threshing space 11 of the threshing tank 10, and the threshing space 11 includes a striking chamber 12 in which a striking arm 30 is disposed, and a threshing chamber 12. A partition screen 40 formed to be divided up and down into a collection chamber 13 for discharging and collecting the threshed grains; It includes a sorting scraper unit 50 that is fixed to the rotation shaft 22 and scrapes the upper surface of the partition screen unit 40 while rotating in one direction.

In addition, on the side wall of the threshing tank 10 where the partition screen 40 is formed, the gums transferred to the edge of the partition screen 40 by the scraping action of the sorting scraper 50 are discharged. One or more gums discharge channels. (14) is formed.

The partition screen unit 40 includes a screen member 41 in which screening holes 41a of a set particle size are formed and divides the threshing space 11 into a striking chamber 12 and a collection chamber 13 up and down; It includes a diffusion guide member 42 that is stacked and disposed on the upper surface of the netting member 41 to form a spiral guide path 42a on the upper surface of the netting member 41.

Here, the diffusion guide member 42 can shape the netting member 41 itself to form a spiral guideway 42a on the upper part of the netting member 41, and this is also within the scope of the present invention. .

However, in this embodiment, the plate-shaped diffusion guide member 42 of a set thickness having a spiral guideway 42a divided by a step structure is arranged to be stacked on the upper surface of the net member 41, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 As can be seen, the threshing grains are dispersed within the spiral guideway (42a) divided by a stepped structure on the upper surface of the screen member (41) and pass through the sorting holes (41a) of the screen member (41) into the collection chamber (13). ensure that it is captured.

In other words, threshed grains that are relatively lower in height than the step are discharged only through the sorting holes (41a) of the screening member (41) formed in the lower part, and gums such as pods that are relatively higher in height than the step are discharged through the spiral guideway (42a). It moves outward and is discharged to the outside through the gum discharge passage (14).

In addition, a gumball discharge path 14 is formed on the side wall of the threshing tank 10 where the partition screen 40 is disposed, and the gumballs induced to diffuse to the outside of the screen member 11 are contained in the threshing tank 10. It is discharged to the outside through the gum discharge channel 14 formed on the side wall.

Preferably, an annular sorting brush guard 43 on which a sorting brush layer 43a made of a plurality of brushes is formed is disposed on the edge of the screen member 41 constituting the partition screen part 40, Prevents the leakage of threshed grains to the outside through the gum discharge passage (14).

Therefore, the gum that moves by being guided to the edge of the screen member 41 by the sorting scraper unit 50 penetrates the sorting brush layer 43a of the sorting brush guard 43 and is formed on the side wall of the threshing tank 10. It is discharged to the outside along the gum discharge path 14, while the threshed grain is shielded by the sorting brush layer 43a and passes through the sorting holes 41a of the screen member 41 to be collected in the collection chamber 13. .

That is, the sorting scraper unit 50 disposed on the rotating shaft 22 rotates along the upper surface of the partition screen unit 40 and separates the threshed grain and gumball that fell on the upper surface of the screen member 41 into a spiral guideway (42a). ) expands and spreads outward along, and in this process, the threshed grain is discharged downward into the collection chamber 13 through each sorting hole 41a formed in the screen member 41, and the blackened grain is discharged downward into the spiral guideway 42a. It spreads outward and is guided and transported laterally, and is finally discharged to the outside along the gumbul discharge path.

Therefore, the grain threshing device 1 according to the present embodiment has a unique sorting discharge structure including a section screen unit 40 and a sorting scraper unit 50, and quickly removes the threshed grains and gums that have fallen from the threshing area of the grain stand. By sorting and discharging separately, the phenomenon of a large amount of gum remaining in the threshing space 11, which reduces the threshing efficiency and overloading the device, is prevented, and the threshing grain is discharged together with the gum, reducing the collection efficiency of the threshing grain. This phenomenon can be prevented.

In addition, at the outlet (13a) where the threshed grain is collected by the sorting discharge structure, a cyclone sorting unit 60 for removing foreign substances remaining in the grain is disposed to separate the threshed grain and the foreign material remaining in the grain. do.

The cyclone sorting unit 60 includes a transfer pipe 61 that provides a movement path for the threshed grain collected through the discharge port 13a, as shown in FIG. 4; A blowing unit 62 that forcibly blows and discharges the threshed grain collected in the discharge port 13a along the transfer pipe 61; It includes a cyclone collector 63 that centrifuges the threshed grain discharged along the transfer pipe 61 by the blowing force provided through the blowing unit 62, and separates and discharges the threshed grain and foreign matter by the deviation of its own weight. .

Here, the cyclone collector 63 consists of a hollow cone-shaped body with a foreign matter discharge pipe formed at the top and a thressing collecting hole formed at the bottom, and rotates the threshed grain supplied along the transfer pipe 61 along the inner wall to collect the threshed grain. is discharged through the threshing grain collection port (63b) by its own weight, and foreign matter that is relatively lighter than the grain is discharged to the outside through the foreign material discharge pipe (63a) to collect the threshed grain from which the foreign material has been removed.

1. Grain threshing device
10. Threshing tank 11. Threshing space
12. Batting room 12a. Entrance
13. Collection room 13a. outlet
14. Gumbul discharge route
20. Drive unit 21. Drive unit
22. Rotating shaft 23. Axial support
24. Axial support bar
30. Strike arm 31. Arm bracket
31a. Joint pin end 32. Centrifugal striking arm
40. Block receptacle 41. Receptacle member
41a. Screening hole 42. Absence of diffusion guide
42a. Spiral taxiway 43. Sorting brush guard
43a. Sorting brush layer
50. Sorting scraper section 51. Scraper layer
60. Cyclone selection and collection unit 61. Transfer pipe
62. Blowing unit 63. Cyclone collector
63a. Foreign matter discharge pipe 63b. Threshing trap
70. Transport frame 71. Mobile wheels

Claims (4)

A threshing tank having a threshing space with an entrance and exit at the top and an outlet at the bottom;
A driving unit disposed upright in the threshing space of the threshing tank and having a rotating shaft that rotates by receiving rotational force from the driving unit;
A striking arm fixed to one point of the rotating shaft and rotating with the rotating shaft to hit the threshing portion of the grain stand erected in the threshing space; and
Arranged in the threshing space of the threshing tank, the threshing space is divided upper and lower into a striking room arranged with the striking arm and a collection room for collecting the threshed grain, and the gumbul and threshing separated from the threshing area of the grain stand by hitting by the striking arm. A grain threshing device comprising a partition screen that separates grains through particle size selection and collects the threshed grains in a collection chamber. The method of claim 1, wherein the partition screen unit includes a screen member in which screening holes of a set grain size are formed,
A grain threshing device, characterized in that the rotating shaft is formed with a sorting scraper portion that rotates along the upper surface of the screen member and disperses the threshed grain and gum located on the upper surface of the screen member. The method of claim 2, wherein a gum discharge passage is formed on the side wall of the threshing tank in which the compartment screening unit is disposed, and the gum fat spread to the outside of the screening member is configured to be discharged to the outside along the gum discharge passage formed on the side wall of the threshing tank. A grain threshing device characterized by: The grain threshing device according to claim 1, wherein a cyclone sorting unit is added to the outlet disposed at the bottom of the threshing tank.