KR20230134493A - Bistatic detection-tracking reference signal - Google Patents

Abstract

In one aspect, the first wireless node and the second wireless node communicate a bistatic detection request and a response to the bistatic detection request to coordinate setup of a bistatic detection procedure. The first wireless node transmits a set of detection signals to one or more target objects according to a bistatic detection procedure. The second wireless node measures a set of reflections of a set of sensing signals reflected from one or more target objects according to a bistatic sensing procedure.

Description

Bistatic detection-tracking reference signal

[0001] Aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to wireless communications, and more particularly to bistatic sensing and/or tracking.

[0002] First generation analog wireless phone service (1G), second generation (2G) digital wireless phone service (including intermediate 2.5G and 2.75G networks), third generation (3G) high-speed data, Internet-enabled wireless service, and fourth generation (4G). Wireless communication systems have been developed over various generations including services (eg, Long Term Evolution (LTE) or WiMax). There are several different types of wireless communication systems currently in use, including cellular and personal communications service (PCS) systems. Examples of known cellular systems include cellular analog advanced mobile phone system (AMPS), and code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), and Global System for Mobile communication (GSM). ) and other digital cellular systems.

[0003] The fifth generation (5G) wireless standard, referred to as New Radio (NR), calls for higher data rates, a much larger number of connections, and better coverage, among other improvements. The 5G standard, according to the Next Generation Mobile Networks Alliance, is designed to deliver data rates of tens of megabits per second to tens of thousands of users each, delivering 1 gigabit per second to dozens of workers on an office floor. To support large-scale sensor deployments, hundreds of thousands of simultaneous connections must be supported. As a result, the spectral efficiency of 5G mobile communications should be significantly improved compared to the current 4G standard. Moreover, signaling efficiencies should be improved and latency should be substantially reduced compared to current standards.

[0004] 5G enables the utilization of mmW RF signals for wireless communication between network nodes such as base stations, user equipment (UEs), vehicles, factory automation machinery, etc. However, mmW RF signals can also be used for other purposes.

[0005] The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects disclosed herein. Accordingly, the following summary should not be considered a comprehensive overview of all contemplated aspects, nor should the following summary identify key or critical elements relating to all contemplated aspects or limit the scope associated with any particular aspect. should not be regarded as doing so. Accordingly, the following summary has the sole purpose of presenting certain concepts relating to one or more aspects relating to the mechanisms disclosed herein in a simplified form to precede the detailed description that is presented below.

[0006] In one aspect, a method of operating a first wireless node includes, between the first wireless node and the second wireless node, a bistatic sensing request and a bistatic sensing to coordinate setup of a bistatic sensing procedure. communicating a response to the request; and transmitting a set of detection signals to one or more target objects according to a bistatic detection procedure.

[0007] In some aspects, a bistatic sensing request is transmitted by a first wireless node to a second wireless node, and a response to the bistatic sensing request is received at the first wireless node from the second wireless node.

[0008] In some aspects, the bistatic sensing request is a beam swept by the first wireless node across a plurality of transmit beams.

[0009] In some aspects, the method includes sending another bistatic sensing request to a third wireless node to coordinate setup of another bistatic sensing procedure.

[0010] In some aspects, a bistatic sensing request is received at a first wireless node from a second wireless node, and a response to the bistatic sensing request is transmitted by the first wireless node to the second wireless node.

[0011] In some aspects, the first wireless node corresponds to a user equipment (UE) and the second wireless node corresponds to a base station, or the second wireless node corresponds to the UE and the first wireless node corresponds to the base station, or the second wireless node corresponds to the UE and the first wireless node corresponds to the base station. Either the first wireless node and the second wireless node correspond to base stations, or the first wireless node and the second wireless node correspond to UEs.

[0012] In some aspects, the method includes communicating a reference signal for timing calibration with a second wireless node.

[0013] In some aspects, both a bistatic detection request and a reference signal for timing correction are received at the first wireless node from a second wireless node, or both a bistatic detection request and a reference signal for timing correction are received from the first wireless node. is transmitted to the second wireless node.

[0014] In some aspects, the bistatic detection request, the response to the bistatic detection request, or both are communicated via a wireless communication link or a wired communication link.

[0015] In some aspects, the wireless or wired communication link is pre-configured before the bistatic detection procedure is triggered, or is set up in association with the bistatic detection procedure.

[0016] In some aspects, the bistatic detection request, the response to the bistatic detection request, or both are communicated over a wireless communication link, and the bistatic detection request, the response to the bistatic detection request, or both are connected to a DCI (DCI). It is associated with downlink control information (UCI), uplink control information (UCI), sidelink control information (SCI), medium access control command element (MAC CE), physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH), or radio resource configuration (RRC) signaling.

[0017] In some aspects, the response to the bistatic sensing request includes an indication of the location of the individual wireless node transmitting the response to the bistatic sensing request, an indication of acceptance or rejection of the bistatic sensing request, or a combination thereof. .

[0018] In some aspects, the method includes communicating a reference signal with a second wireless node.

[0019] In some aspects, both a response to a bistatic detection request and a reference signal for timing calibration are received at the first wireless node from a second wireless node, or both a response to a bistatic detection request and a reference signal for timing calibration are received at the first wireless node. The signal is transmitted by the first wireless node to the second wireless node.

[0020] In some aspects, the reference signal corresponds to a reference signal for timing calibration, or the reference signal corresponds to a reference signal for positioning.

[0021] In some aspects, the timing of the reference signal is indicated or pre-configured by the bistatic detection request.

[0022] In some aspects, the method includes receiving a measurement report from a second wireless node, wherein the measurement report is a response to a set of reflections of a set of sensing signals from one or more target objects. Includes one or more measurements by .

[0023] In some aspects, the one or more measurements include one or more time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurements between a reference time and a set of time of arrival (ToA) associated with a set of reflections at the second wireless node, a second It includes at least one distance between the wireless node and one or more target objects, at least one angle of arrival (AoA) of one or more target objects, at least one positioning estimate of one or more target objects, or a combination thereof.

[0024] In some aspects, the bistatic sensing procedure is triggered periodically, semi-permanently, or aperiodically.

[0025] In some aspects, the bistatic detection procedure is triggered periodically or semi-permanently, and the bistatic detection procedure includes a plurality of bistatic devices whose setup is coordinated by communication of bistatic detection requests and responses to the bistatic detection requests. Corresponds to one of the detection procedures.

[0026] In some aspects, reference signals for timing, positioning, or both are communicated between the first wireless node and the second wireless node for each of a plurality of bistatic sensing procedures, and a bistatic sensing request and a bistatic sensing request. A response to is communicated for an initial bistatic detection procedure among the plurality of bistatic detection procedures and is then omitted for one or more subsequent bistatic detection procedures among the plurality of bistatic detection procedures.

[0027] In one aspect, a method of operating a second wireless node includes, between the second wireless node and the first wireless node, a bistatic detection request and a response to the bistatic detection request to coordinate setup of a bistatic detection procedure. communicating; and measuring a set of reflections of a set of sensing signals transmitted by the first wireless node and reflected from one or more target objects according to a bistatic sensing procedure.

[0028] In some aspects, a bistatic sensing request is transmitted by a second wireless node to a first wireless node, and a response to the bistatic sensing request is received from the first wireless node to the second wireless node.

[0029] In some aspects, the bistatic sensing request is beam swept by the second wireless node across a plurality of transmit beams.

[0030] In some aspects, the method includes sending another bistatic sensing request to a third wireless node to coordinate setup of another bistatic sensing procedure.

[0031] In some aspects, a bistatic sensing request is received at a second wireless node from a first wireless node, and a response to the bistatic sensing request is transmitted by the second wireless node to the first wireless node.

[0032] In some aspects, the first wireless node corresponds to a user equipment (UE) and the second wireless node corresponds to a base station, or the second wireless node corresponds to the UE and the first wireless node corresponds to the base station, or the second wireless node corresponds to the UE and the first wireless node corresponds to the base station. One wireless node and a second wireless node correspond to base stations, or the first wireless node and a second wireless node correspond to UEs.

[0033] In some aspects, the method includes communicating a reference signal for timing calibration with a first wireless node.

[0034] In some aspects, both a bistatic detection request and a reference signal for timing correction are received at a second wireless node from a first wireless node, or both a bistatic detection request and a reference signal for timing correction are received at a second wireless node. is transmitted to the first wireless node.

[0035] In some aspects, the bistatic detection request, the response to the bistatic detection request, or both are communicated via a wireless communication link or a wired communication link.

[0036] In some aspects, the wireless or wired communication link is pre-configured before the bistatic detection procedure is triggered, or is set up in association with the bistatic detection procedure.

[0037] In some aspects, the bistatic detection request, the response to the bistatic detection request, or both are communicated over a wireless communication link, and the bistatic detection request, the response to the bistatic detection request, or both are connected to a DCI (DCI). It is associated with downlink control information (UCI), uplink control information (UCI), sidelink control information (SCI), medium access control command element (MAC CE), Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH), or radio resource configuration (RRC) signaling.

[0038] In some aspects, the response to the bistatic sensing request includes an indication of the location of the individual wireless node transmitting the response to the bistatic sensing request, an indication of acceptance or rejection of the bistatic sensing request, or a combination thereof. .

[0039] In some aspects, the method includes communicating a reference signal with a first wireless node.

[0040] In some aspects, both a response to a bistatic detection request and a reference signal for timing correction are received at a second wireless node from a first wireless node, or both a response to a bistatic detection request and a reference signal for timing correction are received. The signal is transmitted by the second wireless node to the first wireless node.

[0041] In some aspects, the reference signal corresponds to a reference signal for timing calibration, or the reference signal corresponds to a reference signal for positioning.

[0042] In some aspects, the timing of the reference signal is indicated or pre-configured by the bistatic detection request.

[0043] In some aspects, the method includes transmitting a measurement report to the device including one or more measurements based on the measurement.

[0044] In some aspects, one or more measurements include one or more time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurements between a reference time and a set of time of arrivals (ToA) associated with a set of reflections at a second wireless node, a second It includes at least one distance between the wireless node and one or more target objects, at least one angle of arrival (AoA) of one or more target objects, at least one positioning estimate of one or more target objects, or a combination thereof.

[0045] In some aspects, the bistatic sensing procedure is triggered periodically, semi-permanently, or aperiodically.

[0046] In some aspects, the bistatic detection procedure is triggered periodically or semi-permanently, and the bistatic detection procedure includes a plurality of bistatic devices whose setup is coordinated by communication of bistatic detection requests and responses to the bistatic detection requests. Corresponds to one of the detection procedures.

[0047] In some aspects, reference signals for timing, positioning, or both are communicated between the first wireless node and the second wireless node for each of a plurality of bistatic sensing procedures, and a bistatic sensing request and a bistatic sensing request. A response to is communicated for an initial bistatic detection procedure of the plurality of bistatic detection procedures and then omitted for one or more subsequent bistatic detection procedures of the plurality of bistatic detection procedures.

[0048] In one aspect, the first wireless node includes: memory; at least one transceiver; and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the at least one transceiver, the at least one processor configured to coordinate setup of a bistatic sensing procedure between the first wireless node and the second wireless node. , communicating a bistatic detection request and a response to the bistatic detection request; And it is configured to transmit a set of detection signals to one or more target objects according to a bistatic detection procedure.

[0049] In one aspect, the second wireless node includes: memory; at least one transceiver; and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the at least one transceiver, the at least one processor configured to coordinate setup of a bistatic sensing procedure between the second wireless node and the first wireless node. , communicating a bistatic detection request and a response to the bistatic detection request; and measure reflections of a set of detection signals transmitted by the first wireless node and reflected from one or more target objects according to a bistatic sensing procedure.

[0050] In one aspect, the first wireless node includes means for communicating, between the first wireless node and the second wireless node, a bistatic detection request and a response to the bistatic detection request to coordinate the setup of a bistatic detection procedure. ; and means for transmitting a set of detection signals to one or more target objects according to a bistatic detection procedure.

[0051] In one aspect, the second wireless node includes means for communicating, between the second wireless node and the first wireless node, a bistatic detection request and a response to the bistatic detection request to coordinate setup of a bistatic detection procedure. ; and means for measuring a set of reflections of a set of sensing signals transmitted by the first wireless node and reflected from one or more target objects according to a bistatic sensing procedure.

[0052] In one aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions includes one or more instructions, where, when executed by one or more processors of the first wireless node, the first wireless node cause to communicate, between the first wireless node and the second wireless node, a bistatic detection request and a response to the bistatic detection request, to coordinate the setup of a bistatic detection procedure; Then, a set of detection signals are transmitted to one or more target objects according to a bistatic detection procedure.

[0053] In one aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions includes one or more instructions, where, when executed by one or more processors of the second wireless node, the second wireless node cause to communicate, between the second wireless node and the first wireless node, a bistatic detection request and a response to the bistatic detection request, to coordinate the setup of a bistatic detection procedure; and measure a set of reflections of a set of detection signals transmitted by the first wireless node and reflected from one or more target objects according to a bistatic sensing procedure.

[0054] Other objects and advantages associated with the aspects disclosed herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on the accompanying drawings and detailed description.

[0055] The accompanying drawings are presented to aid in illustrating examples of one or more aspects of the disclosed subject matter, and are provided solely for illustration and not limitation of the examples.
[0056] Figure 1 illustrates an example wireless communication system in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
[0057] FIGS. 2A and 2B illustrate example wireless network structures in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
[0058] Figures 3A-3C are simplified block diagrams of some example aspects of components that may be used in wireless communication nodes and configured to support communications as taught herein.
[0059] Figure 4A illustrates an example monostatic radar system.
[0060] Figure 4B illustrates an example bistatic radar system.
[0061] Figure 5 is an example graph showing radio frequency (RF) channel response over time.
[0062] Figure 6 illustrates an example single target beam management use case for bistatic radio frequency sensing.
[0063] Figure 7 illustrates an example multi-target beam management use case for bistatic radio frequency sensing.
[0064] Figure 8A illustrates an example scanning phase using bistatic radio frequency sensing.
[0065] Figure 8B illustrates an example tracking phase using bistatic radio frequency sensing.
[0066] Figure 9 illustrates an example use case for multi-target detection using bistatic radio frequency sensing.
[0067] Figure 10 illustrates an example use case for target group detection using bistatic radio frequency sensing.
[0068] Figure 11 illustrates an example use case of single sided beam management for bistatic radio frequency sensing.
[0069] Figure 12 illustrates an example process of wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0070] Figure 13 illustrates an example process of wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0071] Figure 14 illustrates an example implementation of the processes of Figures 12-13, respectively, in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure.
[0072] Figure 15 illustrates an example implementation of the processes of Figures 12-13, respectively, in accordance with another aspect of the disclosure.

[0073] Aspects of the disclosure are presented in the following description and associated drawings, with various examples provided for illustrative purposes. Alternative aspects may be devised without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Additionally, well-known elements of the disclosure will not be described in detail or will be omitted so as not to obscure relevant details of the disclosure.

[0074] The words “exemplary” and/or “example” are used herein to mean “serving as an example, illustration, or illustration.” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” and/or “example” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects. Likewise, the term “aspects of the disclosure” does not require that all aspects of the disclosure include the discussed feature, advantage or mode of operation.

[0075] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the information and signals described below may be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description below are useful in part to a particular application and in part to the desired design. , may be expressed by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof, depending in part on the corresponding technology, etc.

[0076] Additionally, many aspects are described, for example, in terms of sequences of actions to be performed by elements of a computing device. Various actions described herein may be performed by specific circuits (e.g., application specific integrated circuits (ASICs)), by program instructions executed by one or more processors, or by a combination of the two. It will be recognized that it exists. Additionally, such sequence(s) of actions described herein may be performed by any of the sequence(s) storing a corresponding set of computer instructions that, when executed, cause or instruct the associated processor of the device to perform the functionality described herein. It may be considered to be embodied entirely within a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium in the form of a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. Accordingly, the various aspects of the disclosure may be implemented in many different forms, all of which are considered within the scope of the claimed subject matter. Additionally, for each of the aspects described herein, a corresponding form of any such aspect may be described herein, for example, as “logic configured to perform” the described action.

[0077] As used herein, the terms “user equipment (UE)” and “base station” are not intended to be specific or limited to any particular radio access technology (RAT), unless otherwise noted. In general, The UE may be any wireless communication device (e.g., mobile phone, router, tablet computer, laptop computer, tracking device, wearable (e.g., smartwatch, glasses) used by the user to communicate over a wireless communication network. , augmented reality (AR)/virtual reality (VR) headset, etc.), vehicles (e.g., cars, motorcycles, bicycles, etc.), Internet of Things (IoT) devices, etc. The UE may be mobile. or may be stationary (e.g., at certain times) and in communication with a radio access network (RAN). As used herein, the term “UE” refers to “access terminal” or “AT” , “client device”, “wireless device”, “subscriber device”, “subscriber terminal”, “subscriber station”, “user terminal” or UT, “mobile device”, “mobile terminal”, “mobile station”, or these may be referred to interchangeably as variations of In general, UEs may communicate with the core network via the RAN, and through the core network, UEs may be connected to external networks, such as the Internet, and with other UEs. Of course, other mechanisms may be used to connect UEs to the core network and/or the Internet, such as through wired access networks, wireless local area network (WLAN) networks (e.g. based on IEEE 802.11, etc.), etc. It is also possible for

[0078] A base station may operate according to one of several RATs to communicate with UEs, depending on the network in which it is deployed, and alternatively: an access point (AP), a network node, a NodeB, an evolved NodeB (eNB), -It may be referred to as next generation eNB (eNB), New Radio (NR) Node B (also referred to as gNB or gNodeB), etc. A base station may be used primarily to support wireless access by UEs, including supporting data, voice and/or signaling connections for supported UEs. In some systems, the base station may provide purely edge node signaling functions, while in other systems, the base station may provide additional control and/or network management functions. The communication link that allows UEs to transmit signals to the base station is called an uplink (UL) channel (e.g., reverse traffic channel, reverse control channel, access channel, etc.). The communication link that allows a base station to transmit signals to UEs is called a downlink (DL) or forward link channel (eg, paging channel, control channel, broadcast channel, forward traffic channel, etc.). As used herein, the term traffic channel (TCH) may refer to an uplink/reverse or downlink/forward traffic channel.

[0079] The term “base station” may refer to a single physical transmission-reception point (TRP), or to multiple physical TRPs, which may or may not be co-located. For example, if the term “base station” refers to a single physical TRP, the physical TRP may be the base station's antenna that corresponds to the base station's cell (or several cell sectors). When the term “base station” refers to multiple co-located physical TRPs, the physical TRPs are the physical TRPs of the base station (e.g., as in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system or when the base station uses beamforming). ) can be an array of antennas. When the term "base station" refers to a number of non-colocated physical TRPs, the physical TRPs are either a distributed antenna system (DAS) (a network of spatially separated antennas connected to a common source through a transmission medium) or a RRH (a network of spatially separated antennas connected to a common source through a transmission medium). It may be a remote radio head) (a remote base station connected to the serving base station). Alternatively, the non-colocated physical TRPs may be a serving base station that receives measurement reports from the UE and a neighboring base station whose reference RF signals (or simply “reference signals”) the UE is measuring. Because a TRP is the point at which a base station transmits and receives wireless signals, as used herein, references to transmitting from or receiving at a base station should be understood to refer to a specific TRP of the base station.

[0080] In some implementations that support positioning of UEs, a base station may not support wireless access by UEs (e.g., may not support data, voice, and/or signaling connections for UEs). , may instead transmit reference signals to be measured by the UEs to the UEs, and/or receive and measure signals transmitted by the UEs. This base station may be referred to as a positioning beacon (e.g., when transmitting signals to UEs) and/or a location measurement unit (e.g., when receiving and measuring signals from UEs).

[0081] “RF signals” include electromagnetic waves of a defined frequency that transmit information through the space between a transmitter and receiver. As used herein, a transmitter may transmit a single “RF signal” or multiple “RF signals” to a receiver. However, a receiver may receive multiple “RF signals” corresponding to each transmitted RF signal due to the propagation characteristics of RF signals through multipath channels. The same transmitted RF signal on different paths between a transmitter and receiver may be referred to as a “multipath” RF signal. As used herein, an RF signal may also be referred to simply as a “signal” or as a “wireless signal” when it is clear from the context that the term “signal” refers to a wireless signal or RF signal.

[0082] 1, an example wireless communication system 100 is shown. A wireless communication system 100 (which may also be referred to as a wireless wide area network (WWAN)) may include various base stations 102 and various UEs 104. Base stations 102 may include macro cell base stations (high power cellular base stations) and/or small cell base stations (low power cellular base stations). In one aspect, the macro cell base station includes eNBs and/or ng-eNBs for which the wireless communication system 100 corresponds to an LTE network, or gNBs for which the wireless communication system 100 corresponds to an NR network, or both. and small cell base stations may include femtocells, picocells, microcells, etc.

[0083] Base stations 102 may collectively form a RAN and are connected to the core network 170 (e.g., evolved packet core (EPC) or 5G core (5GC)) via backhaul links 122. Interfacing and through core network 170 to one or more location servers 172 (which may be part of core network 170 or may be external to core network 170). In addition to other functions, base stations 102 may perform transmission of user data, radio channel encryption and decryption, integrity protection, header compression, mobility control functions (e.g., handover, dual connectivity), and intercell interference. Inter-cell interference coordination, connection setup and teardown, load balancing, distribution for non-access stratum (NAS) messages, NAS node selection, synchronization, RAN sharing, multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS), subscribers and equipment It may perform functions related to one or more of tracking, RAN information management (RIM), paging, positioning, and delivery of warning messages. Base stations 102 may communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via EPC/5GC) via backhaul links 134, which may be wired or wireless.

[0084] Base stations 102 may communicate wirelessly with UEs 104 . Each of the base stations 102 may provide communications coverage for a respective geographic coverage area 110 . In one aspect, one or more cells may be supported by base station 102 in each geographic coverage area 110. A “cell” is a logical communication entity used for communication with a base station (e.g., over some frequency resource referred to as a carrier frequency, component carrier, carrier, band, etc.), and operates over the same or different carrier frequencies. It may be associated with an identifier (e.g., physical cell identifier (PCI), virtual cell identifier (VCI), cell global identifier (CGI)) for distinguishing cells. In some cases, different cells use different protocol types (e.g., machine-type communication (MTC), narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), enhanced protocols (eMBB) that can provide access to different types of UEs. mobile broadband, or others). Since a cell is supported by a specific base station, the term “cell” may refer to either or both the logical communication entity and the base station that supports it, depending on the context. Additionally, since a TRP is typically the physical transmission point of a cell, the terms “cell” and “TRP” may be used interchangeably. In some cases, the term “cell” also refers to a base station's geographic coverage area (e.g., sector), insofar as a carrier frequency can be detected and used for communications within some portion of the geographic coverage areas 110. ) can refer to.

[0085] Neighboring macro cell base station 102 geographic coverage areas 110 may partially overlap (e.g., in a handover area), but some of the geographic coverage areas 110 may be within a larger geographic coverage area 110 may substantially overlap. For example, small cell base station 102' may have a geographic coverage area 110' that substantially overlaps the geographic coverage area 110 of one or more macro cell base stations 102. A network that includes both small cell and macro cell base stations may be known as a heterogeneous network. The heterogeneous network may also include home eNBs (HeNBs) that can provide services to a limited group known as a closed subscriber group (CSG).

[0086] Communication links 120 between base stations 102 and UEs 104 may include uplink (also referred to as reverse link) transmissions from UE 104 to base station 102 and/or base station ( may include downlink (also referred to as forward link) transmissions from 102) to UE 104. Communication links 120 may use MIMO antenna technology including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and/or transmit diversity. Communication links 120 may traverse one or more carrier frequencies. The allocation of carriers may be asymmetric for the downlink and uplink (eg, more or fewer carriers may be allocated for the downlink than for the uplink).

[0087] The wireless communication system 100 is a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point (AP) that communicates with WLAN stations (STAs) 152 via communication links 154 in an unlicensed frequency spectrum (e.g., 5 GHz). )(150) may be further included. When communicating in unlicensed frequency spectrum, WLAN STAs 152 and/or WLAN AP 150 may use clear channel assessment (CCA) or listen before talk (LBT) before communicating to determine whether a channel is available. The procedure can be performed.

[0088] Small cell base station 102' may operate in licensed and/or unlicensed frequency spectrum. When operating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, small cell base station 102' may utilize LTE or NR technology and may use the same 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum as used by WLAN AP 150. A small cell base station 102' utilizing LTE/5G in an unlicensed frequency spectrum may boost coverage for the access network and/or increase the capacity of the access network. NR in unlicensed spectrum may be referred to as NR-U. LTE in unlicensed spectrum may be referred to as LTE-U, licensed assisted access (LAA), or MulteFire.

[0089] The wireless communication system 100 may further include a millimeter wave (mmW) base station 180 , capable of operating at mmW frequencies and/or near mmW frequencies, in communication with the UE 182 . EHF (extremely high frequency) is the RF part of the electromagnetic spectrum. EHF has a range from 30 GHz to 300 GHz and a wavelength from 1 millimeter to 10 millimeters. Radio waves in this band may be referred to as millimeter waves. Near mmW can be extended down to a frequency of 3 GHz with a wavelength of 100 millimeters. The super high frequency (SHF) band extends from 3 GHz to 30 GHz and is also referred to as centimeter wave. Communications using the mmW/near mmW radio frequency band have high path loss and relatively short range. The mmW base station 180 and UE 182 may utilize beamforming (transmit and/or receive) over the mmW communication link 184 to compensate for the extremely high path loss and short range. Additionally, it will be appreciated that in alternative configurations, one or more base stations 102 may also transmit using mmW or near mmW and beamforming. Accordingly, it will be appreciated that the foregoing examples are examples only and should not be construed as limiting on the various aspects disclosed herein.

[0090] Transmission beamforming is a technique for focusing RF signals in a specific direction. Typically, when a network node (eg, a base station) broadcasts an RF signal, it broadcasts the signal in all directions (omni-directionally). With transmit beamforming, a network node determines where a given target device (e.g., a UE) is located (relative to the transmit network node) and projects a stronger downlink RF signal in that specific direction, thereby Provides a faster and stronger RF signal (in terms of data rate) to the receiving device(s). To change the directionality of an RF signal when transmitting, a network node can control the phase and relative amplitude of the RF signal in each of one or more transmitters that are broadcasting the RF signal. For example, a network node may have an array of antennas (a "phased array" or "antenna") that generates a beam of RF waves that can be "steering" to point in different directions without actually moving the antennas. (referred to as “array”) may be used. Specifically, by supplying RF current from the transmitter to individual antennas with a precise phase relationship, radio waves from the separate antennas are combined to increase radiation in desired directions but suppress radiation in undesired directions. Erase it.

[0091] The transmit beams may be quasi-collocated, which means that the transmit beams have the same parameters regardless of whether the transmit antennas of the network node itself are physically colocated or not, so that the transmit beams have the same parameters as the receiver (e.g. , means that it appears to the UE). There are four types of quasi-collocation (QCL) relationships in NR. Specifically, a given type of QCL relationship means that certain parameters regarding the second reference RF signal on the second beam can be derived from information about the source reference RF signal on the source beam. Accordingly, if the source reference RF signal is QCL type A, the receiver can use the source reference RF signal to estimate the Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, and delay spread of a second reference RF signal transmitted on the same channel. If the source reference RF signal is QCL type B, the receiver can use the source reference RF signal to estimate the Doppler shift and Doppler spread of a second reference RF signal transmitted on the same channel. If the source reference RF signal is QCL Type C, the receiver can use the source reference RF signal to estimate the Doppler shift and average delay of a second reference RF signal transmitted on the same channel. If the source reference RF signal is QCL type D, the receiver can use the source reference RF signal to estimate the spatial reception parameters of the second reference RF signal transmitted on the same channel.

[0092] In receive beamforming, a receiver uses a receive beam to amplify RF signals detected on a given channel. For example, the receiver may increase the gain setting and/or adjust the phase setting of the array of antennas in a particular direction to amplify RF signals received from that direction (e.g., increase the gain level of the RF signals). can be increased). Therefore, when a receiver is said to be beamforming in a particular direction, it means that the beam gain in that direction is higher compared to the beam gains along other directions, or that the beam gain in that direction is higher than that of all other receive beams available to the receiver in that direction. This means that it is the highest compared to the beam gain at . This means stronger received signal strength of RF signals received from that direction (e.g., reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), etc. ).

[0093] The received beams may be spatially related. The spatial relationship means that the parameters for the transmit beam for the second reference signal can be derived from information about the receive beam for the first reference signal. For example, the UE may receive one or more reference downlink reference signals (e.g., positioning reference signals (PRS), tracking reference signals (TRS), phase tracking reference signals (PTRS), cell-specific reference signals (CRS) from the base station. ), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS), primary synchronization signals (PSS), secondary synchronization signals (SSS), synchronization signal blocks (SSBs), etc.). The UE then sends one or more uplink reference signals (e.g., uplink positioning reference signals (UL-PRS), sounding reference signals (SRS), demodulation reference signals (DMRS) to the base station based on the parameters of the received beam. ), PTRS, etc.) can form a transmission beam for transmitting.

[0094] Note that the “downlink” beam can be either a transmit beam or a receive beam depending on the entity that forms it. For example, if the base station is forming a downlink beam to transmit a reference signal to the UE, the downlink beam is the transmission beam. However, if the UE is forming a downlink beam, this is the receive beam that receives the downlink reference signal. Similarly, an “uplink” beam can be either a transmit beam or a receive beam depending on the entity that forms it. For example, if the base station is forming an uplink beam, this is an uplink receive beam, and if the UE is forming an uplink beam, this is an uplink transmit beam.

[0095] In 5G, the frequency spectrum in which wireless nodes (e.g., base stations 102/180, UEs 104/182) operate is divided into multiple frequency ranges: FR1 (450 to 6000 MHz), FR2 (24250 MHz) to 52600 MHz), FR3 (above 52600 MHz) and FR4 (between FR1 and FR2). In a multi-carrier system, such as 5G, one of the carrier frequencies is referred to as the “primary carrier” or “anchor carrier” or “primary serving cell” or “PCell”, and the remaining carrier frequencies are “secondary carriers”. or referred to as “secondary serving cells” or “SCells”. In carrier aggregation, the anchor carrier is the cell utilized by the UE 104/182 and the UE 104/182 performs an initial radio resource control (RRC) connection establishment procedure or initiates an RRC connection re-establishment procedure. It is a carrier that operates on the primary frequency (e.g., FR1). The primary carrier carries all common and UE-specific control channels and may (but is not always) the carrier of the licensed frequency. A secondary carrier is a carrier operating on a second frequency (e.g., FR2) that can be configured once an RRC connection is established between the UE 104 and the anchor carrier and can be used to provide additional radio resources. am. In some cases, the secondary carrier may be a carrier of an unlicensed frequency. The secondary carrier may contain only the necessary signaling information and signals, for example, signals that are UE-specific may not be present in the secondary carrier, as both primary uplink and downlink carriers are typically UE-specific. -Because it is specific. This means that different UEs 104/182 within a cell may have different downlink primary carriers. The same goes for uplink primary carriers. The network may change the primary carrier of any UE 104/182 at any time. This is done, for example, to balance the load on different carriers. Since a "serving cell" (whether PCell or SCell) corresponds to the carrier frequency/component carrier on which some base station is communicating, the terms "cell", "serving cell", "component carrier", "carrier frequency", etc. are used interchangeably. Can be used interchangeably.

[0096] For example, continuing to refer to FIG. 1, one of the frequencies utilized by macro cell base stations 102 may be the anchor carrier (or “PCell”), and may be the Other frequencies utilized by base station 180 may be secondary carriers (“SCells”). Simultaneous transmission and/or reception of multiple carriers allows the UE 104/182 to significantly increase its data transmission and/or reception rates. For example, two 20 MHz aggregated carriers in a multi-carrier system would theoretically result in a two-fold increase in data rate (i.e., 40 MHz) compared to that achieved by a single 20 MHz carrier.

[0097] The wireless communication system 100 further includes a UE 164 capable of communicating with a macro cell base station 102 over a communication link 120 and/or with a mmW base station 180 over a mmW communication link 184. can do. For example, macro cell base station 102 may support a PCell, mmW base station 180 and one or more SCells for UE 164 may support one or more SCells for UE 164.

[0098] The wireless communication system 100 is indirectly coupled to one or more communication networks, via one or more device-to-device (D2D) peer-to-peer (P2P) links (referred to as “sidelinks”). It may further include one or more UEs, such as UE 190. In the example of FIG. 1 , UE 190 connects one of the UEs 104 to a D2D P2P link 192 connected to one of the base stations 102 (e.g., through which UE 190 indirectly connects to cellular connectivity). can be obtained) and the WLAN STA 152 has a D2D P2P link 194 connected to the WLAN AP 150 (through which the UE 190 can indirectly obtain WLAN-based Internet connectivity). In one example, D2D P2P links 192 and 194 may be supported with any well-known D2D RAT, such as LTE Direct (LTE-D), WiFi Direct (WiFi-D), Bluetooth®, etc.

[0099] 2A, an example wireless network architecture 200 is shown. For example, 5GC 210 (also referred to as Next Generation Core (NGC)) functionally supports control plane functions 214 (e.g., UE registration, authentication, network access, gateway selection, etc.) and user plane functions. Functions 212 (e.g., UE gateway function, access to data networks, IP routing, etc.), which operate cooperatively to form a core network. User plane interface (NG-U) 213 and control plane interface (NG-C) 215 connect gNB 222 to 5GC 210 and specifically control plane functions 214 and user plane functions. Connect to (212). In an additional configuration, ng-eNB 224 also supports 5GC 210 via NG-C 215 for control plane functions 214 and NG-U 213 for user plane functions 212. ) can be connected to. Additionally, ng-eNB 224 may communicate directly with gNB 222 via backhaul connection 223. In some configurations, new RAN 220 may have only one or more gNBs 222 , while other configurations include one or more of both ng-eNBs 224 and gNBs 222 . gNB 222 or ng-eNB 224 may communicate with UEs 204 (e.g., any of the UEs shown in FIG. 1). Another optional aspect may include a location server 230 that can communicate with 5GC 210 to provide location assistance for UEs 204. Location server 230 may be implemented as a plurality of separate servers (e.g., physically separate servers, different software modules on a single server, different software modules distributed across multiple physical servers, etc.). Or, alternatively, each may correspond to a single server. Location server 230 is configured to support one or more location services for UEs 204 that may be connected to location server 230 via the core network, i.e. 5GC 210 and/or via the Internet (not shown). It can be configured. Additionally, location server 230 may be integrated into a component of the core network, or alternatively, may be external to the core network.

[00100] 2B, another example wireless network architecture 250 is shown. For example, 5GC 260 may functionally be viewed as control plane functions provided by an access and mobility management function (AMF) 264, and user plane functions provided by a user plane function (UPF) 262. can, and they operate cooperatively to form a core network (i.e., 5GC 260). User plane interface 263 and control plane interface 265 connect ng-eNB 224 to 5GC 260 and specifically to UPF 262 and AMF 264, respectively. In a further configuration, gNB 222 may also be connected to 5GC 260 via control plane interface 265 to AMF 264 and user plane interface 263 to UPF 262. Additionally, ng-eNB 224 may communicate directly with gNB 222 via backhaul connection 223, with or without using gNB direct connectivity to 5GC 260. In some configurations, new RAN 220 may have only one or more gNBs 222 , while other configurations include one or more of both ng-eNBs 224 and gNBs 222 . gNB 222 or ng-eNB 224 may communicate with UEs 204 (e.g., any of the UEs shown in FIG. 1). The base stations of the new RAN 220 communicate with the AMF 264 over the N2 interface and with the UPF 262 over the N3 interface.

[00101] The functions of AMF 264 include registration management, connection management, reachability management, mobility management, legitimate interception, and session management (SM) messages between the UE 204 and the session management function (SMF) 266. Transport, transparent proxy services for routing SM messages, access authentication and access authorization, transport for short message service (SMS) messages between UE 204 and a short message service function (SMSF) (not shown), and Includes SEAF (security anchor functionality). AMF 264 also interacts with the authentication server function (AUSF) (not shown) and UE 204, and receives intermediate keys established as a result of the UE 204 authentication process. For authentication based on a universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) subscriber identity module (USIM), AMF 264 retrieves secure material from the AUSF. The functions of AMF 264 also include security context management (SCM). The SCM receives a key from SEAF that it uses to derive access-network specific keys. The functionality of AMF 264 also includes location service management for regulatory services, location service messages between UE 204 and location management function (LMF) 270 (acting as location server 230). Transmission, transmission of location service messages between the new RAN 220 and LMF 270, allocation of an EPS bearer identifier for interoperability with the evolved packet system (EPS), and UE 204 mobility event notification. Additionally, AMF 264 also supports functionality for non-3GPP access networks.

[00102] The functions of UPF 262 include (if applicable) acting as an anchor point for intra-/inter-RAT mobility, external PDU (if applicable) for interconnection to a data network (not shown), protocol data unit), providing packet routing and forwarding, packet inspection, user plane policy rule enforcement (e.g. gating, redirection, traffic steering), lawful interception (user plane collection), Traffic usage reporting, quality of service (QoS) handling for the user plane (e.g. uplink/downlink rate enforcement, reflective QoS marking on the downlink), uplink traffic verification (service data flow (SDF) vs. QoS flow mapping), transport level packet marking on the uplink and downlink, downlink packet buffering and downlink data notification triggering, and transmission and forwarding of one or more “end markers” to the source RAN node. UPF 262 may also support transmission of location services messages across the user plane between UE 204 and a location server, such as a secure user plane location (SUPL) location platform (SLP) 272.

[00103] The functions of SMF 266 include session management, UE Internet protocol (IP) address allocation and management, selection and control of user plane functions, configuration of traffic steering in UPF 262 to route traffic to the appropriate destination, and QoS. and control of some of the policy enforcement and downlink data notifications. The interface through which SMF 266 communicates with AMF 264 is referred to as the N11 interface.

[00104] Another optional aspect may include LMF 270, which may communicate with 5GC 260 to provide location assistance for UEs 204. LMF 270 may be implemented as multiple separate servers (e.g., physically separate servers, different software modules on a single server, different software modules distributed across multiple physical servers, etc.) Or, alternatively, each may correspond to a single server. LMF 270 may be configured to support one or more location services for UEs 204 that may connect to LMF 270 via the core network, 5GC 260, and/or via the Internet (not illustrated). there is. SLP 272 may support similar functionality as LMF 270, but LMF 270 supports the control plane (e.g., using interfaces and protocols intended to convey signaling messages rather than voice or data). While capable of communicating with AMF 264, new RAN 220, and UEs 204, SLP 272 may communicate with data and and/or communicate with UEs 204 and external clients (not shown in FIG. 2B) via the user plane (using protocols intended to carry voice).

[00105] In one aspect, LMF 270 and/or SLP 272 may be integrated into a base station, such as gNB 222 and/or ng-eNB 224. When integrated into gNB 222 and/or ng-eNB 224, LMF 270 and/or SLP 272 may be referred to as a “location management component” or “LMC.” However, as used herein, references to LMF 270 and SLP 272 include when LMF 270 and SLP 272 are components of a core network (e.g., 5GC 260) and Includes both LMF 270 and SLP 272 when they are components of a base station.

[00106] 3A, 3B, and 3C, some example components that may be integrated into UE 302 (which may correspond to any of the UEs described herein) to support file transfer operations: (represented by corresponding blocks), base station 304 (which may correspond to any of the base stations described herein), and a network described herein (including location server 230 and LMF 270) A network entity 306 is shown (which may correspond to or implement any of the functions). It will be appreciated that these components may be implemented in different types of devices (eg, in an ASIC, system-on-a-chip (SoC), etc.) in different implementations. The illustrated components may also be integrated into other devices of the communication system. For example, other devices in the system may include components similar to those described to provide similar functionality. Additionally, a given device may include one or more of the components. For example, a device may include multiple transceiver components that enable the device to operate on multiple carriers and/or communicate via different technologies.

[00107] UE 302 and base station 304 each have wireless wide area network (WWAN) transceivers 310 and 350 configured to communicate via one or more wireless communication networks (not shown), such as an NR network, an LTE network, a GSM network, etc. Includes each. WWAN transceivers 310 and 350 are configured to communicate with at least one designated RAT (e.g., NR, LTE, GSM, etc.) over the wireless communication medium of interest (e.g., some set of time/frequency resources in a particular frequency spectrum). ) may be connected to one or more antennas 316 and 356, respectively, to communicate with other network nodes such as other UEs, access points, base stations (e.g., eNBs, gNBs), etc. WWAN transceivers 310 and 350 are configured to transmit and encode signals 318 and 358 (e.g., messages, indications, information, etc.), respectively, and, in accordance with a designated RAT, signals 318 and 350, respectively. 358) (e.g., messages, indications, information, pilots, etc.), respectively. Specifically, transceivers 310 and 350 include one or more transmitters 314 and 354, respectively, to transmit and encode signals 318 and 358, respectively, and to receive signals 318 and 358, respectively. and one or more receivers 312 and 352, respectively, for decoding.

[00108] UE 302 and base station 304 also, in at least some cases, include wireless local area network (WLAN) transceivers 320 and 360, respectively. WLAN transceivers 320 and 360 communicate with other UEs, access points, base stations, etc. via at least one designated RAT (e.g., WiFi, LTE-D, Bluetooth®, etc.) over the wireless communication medium of interest. Each may be connected to one or more antennas 326 and 366 to communicate with other network nodes of the same type. WLAN transceivers 320 and 360 are configured to transmit and encode signals 328 and 368 (e.g., messages, indications, information, etc.), respectively, and, in accordance with a designated RAT, signals 328 and 360, respectively. 368) (e.g., messages, indications, information, pilots, etc.), respectively. Specifically, transceivers 320 and 360 include one or more transmitters 324 and 364, respectively, to transmit and encode signals 328 and 368, respectively, and to receive signals 328 and 368, respectively. and one or more receivers 322 and 362, respectively, for decoding.

[00109] Transceiver circuitry including at least one transmitter and at least one receiver may include an integrated device (e.g., implemented as a transmitter circuit and a receiver circuit in a single communication device), in some implementations. may include a separate transmitter device and a separate receiver device, or may be implemented in other ways in other implementations. In one aspect, the transmitter includes a plurality of antennas, such as an antenna array (e.g., antennas 316, 326, 356, 366))) or may be coupled thereto. Similarly, the receiver may include a plurality of antennas, such as an antenna array (e.g., antennas 316, 326, 356, 366) that allow an individual device to perform receive beamforming, as described herein. It may include or be coupled therewith. In one aspect, the transmitter and receiver may share the same plurality of antennas (e.g., antennas 316, 326, 356, 366), such that each device may receive or transmit only at certain times. You can do it, but you can't do both at the same time. The wireless communication device (e.g., one or both of transceivers 310 and 320 and/or 350 and 360) of base station 304 and/or UE 302 may also include a NLM (NLM) for performing various measurements. network listen module), etc.

[00110] UE 302 and base station 304 also, in at least some cases, include satellite positioning systems (SPS) receivers 330 and 370. SPS receivers 330 and 370 receive SPS signals 338 and 378, such as global positioning system (GPS) signals, global navigation satellite system (GLONASS) signals, Galileo signals, Beidou signals, and NAVIC (Global Positioning System) signals. Each may be connected to one or more antennas 336 and 376 to receive Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (QZSS), Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS), etc. SPS receivers 330 and 370 may include any suitable hardware and/or software for receiving and processing SPS signals 338 and 378, respectively. SPS receivers 330 and 370 request appropriate information and operations from other systems, and determine positions of UE 302 and base station 304 using measurements obtained by any suitable SPS algorithm. Perform the necessary calculations.

[00111] Base station 304 and network entity 306 each include at least one network interfaces 380 and 390 for communicating with other network entities. For example, network interfaces 380 and 390 (e.g., one or more network access ports) may be configured to communicate with one or more network entities via a wired-based or wireless backhaul connection. In some aspects, network interfaces 380 and 390 may be implemented as transceivers configured to support wire-based or wireless signal communication. This communication may involve sending and receiving, for example, messages, parameters and/or other types of information.

[00112] UE 302, base station 304, and network entity 306 also include other components that may be used with operations as disclosed herein. UE 302 includes processor circuitry that implements a processing system 332 to provide functionality related to, for example, RF sensing and to provide other processing functionality. Base station 304 includes a processing system 384 to provide functionality related to RF sensing, for example, as disclosed herein, and to provide other processing functionality. Network entity 306 includes a processing system 394 to provide functionality related to RF sensing, for example, as disclosed herein, and to provide other processing functionality. In one aspect, processing systems 332, 384, and 394 may include, for example, one or more general purpose processors, multi-core processors, ASICs, digital signal processors (DSPs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc. or other programmable logic devices or processing circuitry.

[00113] UE 302, base station 304, and network entity 306 have memory components 340, 386 for maintaining information (e.g., information indicating reserved resources, thresholds, parameters, etc.) and 396) (e.g., each including a memory device). In some cases, UE 302, base station 304, and network entity 306 may include RF sensing components 342, 388, and 398, respectively. RF sensing components 342, 388, and 398 include processing systems 332, 384 that, when executed, cause UE 302, base station 304, and network entity 306 to perform the functionality described herein. and 394), respectively, or may be hardware circuits that are part of them. In other aspects, RF sensing components 342, 388, and 398 may be external to processing systems 332, 384, and 394 (e.g., may be part of a modem processing system, or other processing system (which can be integrated with). Alternatively, RF sensing components 342, 388, and 398, when executed by processing systems 332, 384, and 394 (or modem processing system, other processing system, etc.), may cause UE 302, base station ( 304), and memory modules (as shown in FIGS. 3A-3C) stored in memory components 340, 386, and 396, respectively, that enable network entity 306 to perform the functionality described herein. there is.

[00114] UE 302 processes to provide motion and/or orientation information independent of motion data derived from signals received by WWAN transceiver 310, WLAN transceiver 320, and/or SPS receiver 330. It may include one or more sensors 344 coupled to system 332 . By way of example, sensor(s) 344 may include an accelerometer (e.g., a micro-electrical mechanical systems (MEMS) device), a gyroscope, a geomagnetic sensor (e.g., a compass), an altimeter (e.g., a barometric altimeter) and/or any other type of motion detection sensor. Moreover, sensor(s) 344 may include multiple different types of devices, and combine their outputs to provide motion information. For example, sensor(s) 344 may use a combination of multi-axis accelerometer and orientation sensors to provide the ability to compute positions in 2D and/or 3D coordinate systems.

[00115] Additionally, the UE 302 may be configured to provide indications (e.g., audible and/or visual indications) to the user and/or to the user (e.g., a sensing device, such as a keypad, touch screen, microphone, etc.). In operation) includes a user interface 346 for receiving user input. Although not shown, base station 304 and network entity 306 may also include user interfaces.

[00116] Referring to processing system 384 in more detail, in the downlink, IP packets from network entity 306 may be provided to processing system 384. The processing system 384 may implement functionality for the RRC layer, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, radio link control (RLC) layer, and medium access control (MAC) layer. The processing system 384 performs broadcasting of system information (e.g., master information block (MIB), system information blocks (SIB)), RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC RRC layer functionality associated with measurement configuration for connection modification and RRC disconnection), inter-RAT mobility, and UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression/decompression, security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification) and handover support functions; Transmission of upper layer packet data units (PDUs), error correction through automatic repeat request (ARQ), concatenation, segmentation and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs), re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and RLC data RLC layer functionality associated with reordering of PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, reporting scheduling information, error correction, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.

[00117] Transmitter 354 and receiver 352 may implement layer-1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. Layer-1, which includes the physical (PHY) layer, includes error detection on transport channels, forward error correction (FEC) coding/decoding of transport channels, interleaving, rate matching, mapping onto physical channels, and mapping of physical channels. May include modulation/demodulation and MIMO antenna processing. The transmitter 354 may use various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase-shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), M-phase-shift keying (M-PSK), M-QAM (M- Handles mapping to signal constellations based on quadrature amplitude modulation. The coded and modulated symbols can then be split into parallel streams. Each stream can then be mapped to an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) subcarrier, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., pilot) in the time and/or frequency domain, and then inverse fast (IFFT). They can be combined together using a Fourier transform to create a physical channel carrying a time domain OFDM symbol stream. The OFDM symbol stream is spatially precoded to generate multiple spatial streams. Channel estimates from the channel estimator can be used for spatial processing as well as to determine coding and modulation schemes. Channel estimates may be derived from channel condition feedback and/or reference signals transmitted by UE 302. Each spatial stream can then be provided to one or more different antennas 356. Transmitter 354 may modulate the RF carrier into individual spatial streams for transmission.

[00118] At UE 302, receiver 312 receives signals via its respective antenna(s) 316. The receiver 312 restores the information modulated on the RF carrier and provides the information to the processing system 332. Transmitter 314 and receiver 312 implement layer-1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. Receiver 312 may perform spatial processing on the information to restore any spatial streams destined for UE 302. If multiple spatial streams are destined for UE 302, they may be combined by receiver 312 into a single OFDM symbol stream. Receiver 312 then converts the OFDM symbol stream from the time-domain to the frequency domain using a fast Fourier transform (FFT). The frequency domain signal includes a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on each subcarrier, and the reference signal, are recovered and demodulated by determining the most likely signal constellation points transmitted by base station 304. These soft decisions may be based on channel estimates computed by a channel estimator. The soft decisions are then decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signals that were originally transmitted by base station 304 on the physical channel. Data and control signals are then provided to processing system 332 that implements layer-3 and layer-2 functionality.

[00119] In the uplink, processing system 332 provides demultiplexing between transport and logic channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover IP packets from the core network. Processing system 332 is also responsible for error detection.

[00120] Similar to the functionality described with respect to downlink transmission by base station 304, processing system 332 provides RRC layer functionality associated with capturing system information (e.g., MIB, SIBs), RRC connections, and measurement reporting. ; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression/decompression and security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification); RLC layer functionality associated with transmission of upper layer PDUs, error correction via ARQ, concatenation, segmentation and reassembly of RLC SDUs, re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto transport blocks (TBs), demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, reporting of scheduling information, and error correction through hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ). , provides MAC layer functionality associated with priority handling and logical channel prioritization.

[00121] Channel estimates derived by a channel estimator from a feedback or reference signal transmitted by base station 304 may be used by transmitter 314 to select appropriate coding and modulation schemes and enable spatial processing. Spatial streams generated by transmitter 314 may be provided to different antenna(s) 316. Transmitter 314 may modulate the RF carrier into individual spatial streams for transmission.

[00122] Uplink transmissions are processed at base station 304 in a manner similar to that described with respect to the receiver functionality at UE 302. Receiver 352 receives signals through its respective antenna(s) 356. Receiver 352 restores information modulated on the RF carrier and provides the information to processing system 384.

[00123] In the uplink, processing system 384 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover IP packets from UE 302. . IP packets from processing system 384 may be provided to the core network. Processing system 384 is also responsible for error detection.

[00124] For convenience, UE 302, base station 304, and/or network entity 306 are shown in FIGS. 3A-3C as including various components that may be configured according to various examples described herein. However, it will be appreciated that the illustrated blocks may have different functionality in different designs.

[00125] The various components of UE 302, base station 304, and network entity 306 may communicate with each other via data buses 334, 382, and 392, respectively. The components of FIGS. 3A-3C can be implemented in a variety of ways. In some implementations, the components of FIGS. 3A-3C may be implemented with one or more circuits, such as one or more processors and/or one or more ASICs (which may include one or more processors). . Here, each circuit may use and/or integrate at least one memory component to store information or executable code used by the circuit to provide such functionality. For example, some or all of the functionality represented by blocks 310-346 may be implemented by the processor and memory component(s) of UE 302 (e.g., by execution of appropriate code and/or by the processor can be implemented (by appropriate configuration of components). Similarly, some or all of the functionality represented by blocks 350-388 may be implemented by the processor and memory component(s) of base station 304 (e.g., by execution of appropriate code and/or processor components). can be implemented by appropriate configuration of Additionally, some or all of the functionality represented by blocks 390-398 may be implemented by the processor and memory component(s) of network entity 306 (e.g., by execution of appropriate code and/or a processor component). can be implemented by appropriate configuration of For simplicity, various operations, operations and/or functions are described herein as being performed “by a UE,” “by a base station,” “by a positioning entity,” etc. However, as will be appreciated, such operations, operations and/or functions may actually involve specific components or combinations of components of a UE, base station, positioning entity, etc., such as processing systems 332, 384, 394, This may be accomplished by transceivers 310, 320, 350, and 360, memory components 340, 386, and 396, RF sensing components 342, 388, and 398, and the like.

[00126] Wireless communication signals transmitted between a UE and a base station (e.g., RF signals configured to carry OFDM symbols) may be reused for environmental sensing (also referred to as “RF sensing” or “radar”). The use of wireless communication signals for environmental sensing is, among other things, consumer-level radar with advanced detection capabilities that enable touchless/device-free interaction with devices/systems. can be considered. The wireless communication signals may be cellular communication signals, such as LTE or NR signals, WLAN signals, etc. As a specific example, wireless communication signals may be OFDM waveforms such as those utilized in LTE and NR. High frequency communication signals, such as mmW RF signals, are particularly advantageous for use as radar signals because higher frequencies at least provide more accurate range (distance) detection.

[00127] There are different types of radars in general, and in particular monostatic and bistatic radars. Figures 4A and 4B illustrate two of these various types of radar. Specifically, FIG. 4A is a diagram 400 illustrating a monostatic radar scenario, and FIG. 4B is a diagram 430 illustrating a bistatic radar scenario. In Figure 4A, base station 402 may be configured for full duplex operation, such that the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) are co-located. For example, the transmitted radio signal 406 may reflect from a target object, such as a building 404, and a receiver on the base station 402 is configured to receive and measure the reflected beam 408. This is a typical use case for conventional or traditional radar. 4B, base station 405 may be configured as a transmitter (Tx) and UE 432 may be configured as a receiver (Rx). In this example, the transmitter and receiver are not co-located, that is, they are separated. Base station 405 may be configured to transmit a beam, such as an omni-directional downlink RF signal 406, that can be received by UE 432. A portion of the RF signal 406 may be reflected or refracted by the building 404, and the UE 432 may receive the reflected signal 434. This is a typical use case for wireless communication-based (e.g., WiFi-based, LTE-based, NR-based) RF sensing. Note that although FIG. 4B illustrates using the downlink RF signal 406 as the RF sensing signal, uplink RF signals can also be used as RF sensing signals. As shown, in the downlink scenario, the transmitter is the base station 405 and the receiver is the UE 432, while in the uplink scenario, the transmitter is the UE and the receiver is the base station.

[00128] Referring in more detail to Figure 4B, base station 405 transmits RF sensing signals (e.g., PRS) to UE 432, but some of the RF sensing signals reflect from a target object, such as building 404. do. The UE 404 may measure the ToAs of the RF signal 406 received directly from the base station and the ToAs of the reflected signal 434 reflected from the target object (e.g., building 404).

[00129] Base station 405 may be configured to transmit a single RF signal 406 or multiple RF signals to a receiver (e.g., UE 432). However, UE 432 may receive multiple RF signals corresponding to each transmitted RF signal due to the propagation characteristics of RF signals through multipath channels. Each path may be associated with a cluster of one or more channel taps. Generally, the time at which the receiver detects the first cluster of channel taps is considered the ToA of the RF signal on the line-of-site (LOS) path (i.e., the shortest path between the transmitter and receiver). The later clusters of channel taps were reflected from objects between the transmitter and receiver and are therefore considered to have followed non-LOS (NLOS) paths between the transmitter and receiver.

[00130] Thus, referring back to FIG. 4B, RF signal 406 follows the LOS path between base station 405 and UE 432, and reflected signal 434 is directed to building 404 (or other target object). represents the RF sensed signal along the NLOS path between the base station 405 and the UE 432, due to reflections from. Base station 405 may have transmitted multiple RF sense signals (not shown in FIG. 4B), some of which follow a LOS path and others along an NLOS path. Alternatively, base station 405 may have transmitted a single RF sense signal in a sufficiently wide beam such that a portion of the RF sense signal follows a LOS path and a portion of the RF sense signal follows an NLOS path.

[00131] Based on the speed of light and the difference between the ToA of the LOS path and the ToA of the NLOS path, UE 432 can determine the distance to building 404. Additionally, if the UE 432 is capable of receive beamforming, the UE 432 can determine the general direction relative to the building 404 as the direction of the reflected signal 434, which is the direction of the reflected signal 434 received along the NLOS path. This is an RF detection signal. The UE 432 may then optionally report this information to the transmitting base station 405, an application server associated with the core network, an external client, a third-party application, or some other entity. Alternatively, UE 432 may report ToA measurements to base station 405 or another entity, and base station 405 may determine the distance to and optionally a direction to the target object.

[00132] If the RF detection signals are uplink RF signals transmitted by the UE 432 to the base station 405, the base station 405 performs uplink detection signals, just as the UE 432 performs based on downlink RF signals. Note that we will perform object detection based on RF signals.

[00133] 5, an example graph 500 is shown depicting the RF channel response at a receiver (e.g., any of the UEs or base stations described herein) over time. In the example of Figure 5, the receiver receives multiple (4) clusters of channel taps. Each channel tap represents the multipath that the RF signal follows between a transmitter (e.g., any of the UEs or base stations described herein) and a receiver. That is, the channel tap represents the arrival of the RF signal on multipath. Each cluster of channel taps indicates that the corresponding multipaths followed essentially the same path. Due to the RF signals being transmitted on different transmit beams (and therefore at different angles), or due to the propagation characteristics of RF signals (potentially following widely different paths due to reflections), or both. Different clusters may exist.

[00134] Under the channel illustrated in Figure 5, the receiver receives a first cluster of two RF signals on channel taps at time T1 and a second cluster of five RF signals on channel taps at time T2, and , receiving a third cluster of 5 RF signals on channel taps at time T3, and receiving a fourth cluster of 4 RF signals on channel taps at time T4. In the example of FIG. 5 , since the first cluster of RF signals at time T1 arrives first, it is assumed to be a LOS data stream (i.e., a data stream that arrives via LOS or the shortest path) and in FIG. 4B May correspond to the illustrated LOS path (e.g., RF signal 406). The third cluster at time T3 consists of the strongest RF signals and may correspond to the NLOS path (e.g., reflected signal 434) illustrated in FIG. 4B. Note that although Figure 5 illustrates clusters of 2 to 5 channel taps, as will be appreciated, the clusters may have more or fewer channel taps than the number illustrated.

[00135] 6, an example single target beam management use case 600 for bistatic radio frequency sensing is shown. Use case 600 includes a base station 602, such as a 5G NR gNB, configured to transmit a plurality of beamformed signals along different azimuths and/or elevations, and configuring the gain of the signals based on the angle of arrival. and a UE 610 configured to utilize receive beamforming to improve reception. Base station 602 may be configured to generate N different reference beams and various azimuths, elevations, and/or beam widths. In one example, beams transmitted by base station 602 may be based on SS blocks, CSI-RS, TRS or PRS resource sets. Other sensing and tracking reference signals may also be used. UE 610 is configured to utilize phase shifters and other software and hardware techniques to generate received beams, such as first received beam 612, second received beam 614, and third received beam 616. It can be. UE 610 may also be configured to utilize beam forming for transmitted beams. Base station 602 may transmit a first reference signal 604 (which may be reflected) in the direction of a target object, such as building 404, and UE 610 may transmit the reflected signal 606 to a first reference signal 604. It can be received by the reception beam 612. The reflected signal 606 represents the NLOS path of the first reference signal 604 for the UE 610. Base station 602 also transmits a second reference signal 608 on the second beam. In one example, the second reference signal 608 may be quasi-QCLed with the first reference signal 604. The UE 610 receives the second reference signal 608 by the second receive beam 614. The second reference signal 608 is the LOS path for UE 610.

[00136] In operation, the UE 610 may be configured to report channel responses for each of the first and second reference signals 604, 608 to the base station 602 or another serving cell, and the base station 602 may It may be configured to manage transmit and receive beam pairs for sensing. For example, base station 602 may be configured to provide transmit and receive beam identification information to UE 610 to track an object, such as building 404. Beam identification information may be a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) transmitted in a DCI message containing configurations such as QCL relationships between transmit and receive beams.

[00137] With further reference to FIG. 6 , with reference to FIG. 7 , an example multi-target use case 700 for bistatic radio frequency sensing is shown. Use case 700 extends single target use case 600 of FIG. 6 by including a second target. The second target may be the second building 704 as an example, but is not limited thereto. The number and nature of targets may vary based on the environment and radio sensing application. In use case 700, base station 602 transmits a third reference signal 702 that is reflected by a second building 704, and the resulting reflected signal 708 is transmitted to a second reception signal of UE 610. Detected by beam 614. The UE 610 may report the channel response to the third reference signal 702 with an indication that the measurement was obtained with the second received beam 614. Base station 602 is configured to manage beam pairs associated with a second target (i.e., third reference signal 702 and second received beam 614). Additional targets and corresponding beam pairs may also be managed by base station 602. Base station 602 may be configured to track one or more of the targets and thus provide corresponding beam pair information to UE 610 as QCL/TCI for the individual targets.

[00138] 8A, an example scanning phase 800 using bistatic radio frequency sensing is shown. Base station 802 is an example of base station 304 and is configured to transmit a plurality of beamformed reference signals at varying azimuths, elevations, and/or beam widths. Reference signals may be SS blocks, CSI-RS, TRS, PRS, or a sensing-scanning reference signal (SSRS) configured for RF sensing applications. UE 810 is an example of UE 302 and may be configured to perform receive beam scanning along different azimuths, elevations and/or beam widths relative to the orientation of UE 810. In operation, base station 802 may transmit one or more of the reference signals in a sequential order (i.e., beam sweeping), and UE 810 is configured to beam sweep through different receive beams. Scanning phase 800 may be used to initially detect potential objects to be tracked through RF sensing. For example, the first reference signal 804 may be reflected by the first object 820a, and the first reflected reference signal 804a may be detected by the UE 810. UE 810 may cycle through different receive beams, such as first receive beam 812, second receive beam 814, and third receive beam 816. As shown in FIG. 8A , the first reflected reference signal 804a may be received by the first receive beam 812 . The UE 810 may also detect the second reference signal 805 via the LOS path by the second received beam 814 . Beam sweeping on the base station 802 may produce a third reference signal 806 that is reflected on the second object 820b, and the third reflected reference signal 806a is on the third received beam 816. Received by UE 810.

[00139] In one aspect, UE 810 may be configured to detect a target based on RSRP of received signals. For example, UE 810 may report that RSRP values associated with first reference signal 804 and third reference signal 806 exceed a threshold. The threshold may be a fixed value, or it may be scaled based on the RSRP of the LOS signal, such as the second reference signal 805. UE 810 is configured to report one or more channel measurements (e.g., RSRP, RSRQ, SINR) associated with received reference signals to base station 802 or another network node. Measurements obtained during the scanning phase 800 may be used for the subsequent tracking phase.

[00140] With further reference to Figure 8A, and with reference to Figure 8B, an example tracking phase 850 using bistatic radio frequency sensing is shown. Continuing with the example of FIG. 8A , base station 802 (or another network node of communication system 100) may decide to track one or more of the objects detected in scanning phase 800. For example, base station 802 may choose to track first object 820a and send beam configuration information to UE 810 to enable UE 810 to track first object 820a. will be sent to Beam configuration information may include reference signal information and reception beam configuration information for the UE 810. Base station 802 may utilize a sensing-tracking reference signal (STRS) based on first reference signal 804 to track or refine measurements associated with the first object. In one example, the STRS may be QCLed with the corresponding SSRS (i.e., first reference signal 804). SS blocks, CSI-RS, TRS and PRS can be used as STRS. Other reference signals may also be developed and used as STRS. Beam configuration information transmitted to the UE 810 may be transmitted through RRC, Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC-CE), DCI, or other signaling protocols. Upon receiving beam configuration information, UE 810 may use the first received beam 812 with STRS, for example, to detect first object 820a.

[00141] Base station 802 may be configured to track multiple targets based on the number of reference signals that base station 802 can generate. In one aspect, base station 802 may be configured to track one object for each reference signal. For example, the base station 802 can track the second object 820b by generating a second STRS based on the third reference signal 806. Beam configuration information transmitted to the UE 810 includes beam parameters for the second STRS provided by the UE 810 during the scanning phase 800 and corresponding received beam information (e.g., the third received beam 816 ))) may be included. Accordingly, UE 810 may be configured to track both first object 820a and second object 820b. Additional objects may be tracked, up to the number of reference signals generated by base station 802.

[00142] 9, an example use case 900 for multi-target detection using bistatic radio frequency sensing is shown. In contrast to the examples of FIGS. 8A-8B where each target can be identified with a single reference signal, use case 900 highlights scenarios where multiple targets are detected with a single reference signal. For example, base station 902 is an example of base station 304 and is configured to transmit a plurality of beamformed reference signals at varying angles, elevations, and/or beam widths. The first reference signal 904 may be configured as SSRS and/or STRS and is received by UE 910 via multiple paths. For example, the first reference signal 904 may be reflected from the first target 920a and received by the first receive beam 912. The first reference signal 904 may be received via a LOS path by the second receive beam 914. The first reference signal 904 may also be reflected from the second target 920b and received through the third receiving beam 916. Because the first and second targets 920a-920b are associated with the same reference signal, the first reference signal 904 is not sufficient to uniquely identify each target. In this use case, UE 910 may be configured to assign explicit target identification to distinguish targets. UE 910 may be configured to distinguish targets based on different received beams. For example, the RSRP for the first reference signal 904 may exceed a threshold when received on the first receive beam 912 and when received on the third receive beam 916. The UE 910 may assign a first identification (e.g., target 1) to the first target 920a and a second identification (e.g., target 2) to the second target 920b. . Target identifications and corresponding reference signal identification information may be reported to base station 902.

[00143] 10, an example use case 1000 for target group detection using bistatic radio frequency sensing is shown. In contrast to the examples of FIGS. 8A-8B where each target can be identified by a single reference signal and the use case of FIG. 9 where each target can be identified by different receive beams, use case 1000 uses a single reference signal. Emphasis is placed on scenarios where multiple targets are detected by signal and a single received beam. For example, base station 1002 is an example of base station 304 and is configured to transmit a plurality of beamformed reference signals at varying angles, altitudes, and/or beam widths. The first reference signal 1004 may be configured as SSRS and/or STRS and is received by UE 1010 via multiple paths. For example, the first reference signal 1004 can be reflected from the first target 1020a and the second target 1020b and received by the first receive beam 1012. The first reference signal 1004 may also be received via the LOS path by the second receive beam 1014. Because the first and second targets 1020a - 1020b are associated with the same reference signal and the same received beam, the combination of the first reference signal 1004 and the first received beam 1012 produces the targets 1020a - 1020b. It is insufficient to uniquely identify each one. In this use case, UE 1010 may be configured to assign a target group identification to identify first and second targets 1020a-1020b as a target group. The RSRP for the first reference signal 1004 may exceed a threshold when received on the first receive beam 1012. In one example, UE 1010 may be configured to decompose a target group into separate targets based on clusters and channel taps. The UE 1010 may assign a target group identification (eg, target group 1) to the first target 1020a and the second target 1020b. Target group identifications and corresponding reference signal identification information may be reported to base station 1002.

[00144] 11, an example use case 1100 for single side beam management for bistatic radio frequency sensing is shown. In contrast to the examples of FIGS. 8A-8B where each target can be identified with a single reference signal, use case 1100 highlights scenarios where multiple groups of targets are detected with a single reference signal. For example, base station 1102 is an example of base station 304 and is configured to transmit a plurality of beamformed reference signals at varying angles, elevations, and/or beam widths. The first reference signal 1104 may be configured as SSRS and/or STRS and is received by the UE 1110 via multiple paths. For example, the first reference signal 1104 may be reflected from the first target 1105a and the second target 1105b and received by the first receive beam 1112. The first reference signal 1104 may be received by the second receive beam 1114 via a LOS path and via an NLOS path, including reflections from the third target 1106. The first reference signal 1104 may also be reflected from the fourth target 1108 and received through the third reception beam 1116. Since all of the targets in FIG. 11 are associated with the same reference signal (i.e., first reference signal 1104), the first reference signal 1104 is not sufficient to uniquely identify each target. In this use case, UE 1110 may be configured to assign explicit target group identifications to distinguish between target groups. In one aspect, target groups may be based on receive beams 1112, 1114, and 1116. For example, the first target group includes the first target 1105a and the second target 1105b, the second target group includes the third target 1106, and the third target group includes the fourth target. Includes (1108). The relative locations and number of objects within target groups are examples only and not limitations. UE 1110 may utilize wider or narrower receive beams and may be configured to distinguish targets based on different receive beams and corresponding reference signal measurements. For example, the RSRP for the first reference signal 1104 may exceed a threshold when received on the first receive beam 1112, the second receive beam 1114, and the third receive beam 1116. As shown in Figure 11, the first reference signal 1104 is not detected (or RSRP is below the threshold) on the fourth receive beam 1118. UE 1110 assigns a first target group identification (e.g., target group 1) to first target 1105a and second target 1105b, and assigns a second target group identification (e.g., target group 1) to target 1106. For example, target group 2) may be assigned, and a third target group identification (e.g., target group 3) may be assigned to the fourth target 1108. Target group identifications and corresponding reference signal identification information may be reported to base station 1102. In one aspect, UE 1110 may be configured to provide RSRP values and an indication of the corresponding received beam to base station 1102, and base station 1102 (or another network node) may be configured to assign target group identifications. You can.

[00145] RF sensing as described above can be considered a consumer-level radar with advanced detection capabilities that can enable non-contact/device-free interaction with a device/system, and accurate range detection. Can leverage (or reuse) RF waveforms used for communications (e.g., 3GPP NR), such as mmWave RF signals (e.g., 3GPP NR FR2, FR2x, FR4, etc.) that may be suitable for . Various use cases for RF sensing include health monitoring (e.g. heart rate detection, respiratory rate monitoring, etc.), gesture recognition (e.g. human activity recognition, keystroke detection, sign language recognition, etc.). ), contextual information acquisition (e.g., location detection/tracking, direction finding, range estimation, etc.), automotive radar (e.g., smart cruise control, collision avoidance, etc.), etc.

[00146] Like conventional radars, NR-air-interface-based radars can estimate the range (distance), speed (Doppler), and angle (e.g., angle of arrival (AoA)) of targets. Various monostatic and bistatic RF sensing techniques suitable for NR-based RF sensing have been described above.

[00147] Monostatic sensing generally requires full duplex capability of the sensing node, as described above with respect to Figure 4A. For nearby target objects, the round-trip delay of the reflected detection signal is short. Accordingly, a sensing node may be required to transmit a sensing signal and simultaneously monitor the reflection.

[00148] In some applications, such as NR air-interface-based sensing, the sensing node may be a UE device (e.g., smartphone, industrial sensors, etc.) or a base station (e.g., TRP, IAB node, etc.) with only half-duplex capability. You can. For example, in some designs, implementation of full duplex functionality can be very challenging even for base stations.

[00149] For the class of devices without full duplex capability, bistatic sensing may be used for environmental sensing in some designs, as described above with respect to FIGS. 4B and 6-11. Unlike monostatic sensing, which can be performed autonomously by a single node, bistatic sensing requires some coordination between two (or more) counterparts. In NR, peer-to-peer (or sidelink (SL)) communication is supported between UEs.

[00150] As such, aspects of the present disclosure relate to coordination between wireless nodes to facilitate bistatic sensing procedures. This coordination may be performed between wireless nodes of various types (eg, gNB-gNB, UE-UE, UE-gNB, etc.). These aspects can provide various technical advantages, such as more accurate target object detection and tracking, more accurate environmental scanning, etc.

[00151] 12 illustrates an example process 1200 of wireless communications in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure. Process 1200 of FIG. 12 is performed by a first wireless node, which may correspond to UE 302 or BS 304, as an example.

[00152] At 1210, a first wireless node (e.g., receiver 312 or 322 or 352 or 362), transmitter 314 or 324 or 354 or 364, network interface(s) 380, processing system 332 or 384 etc.) communicates a bistatic detection request and a response to the bistatic detection request between the first and second wireless nodes to coordinate the setup of the bistatic detection procedure. In some designs, at 1210, a bistatic sensing request is transmitted by a first wireless node to a second wireless node, and a response to the bistatic sensing request is received at the first wireless node from the second wireless node. In other designs, at 1210, a bistatic sensing request is received at a first wireless node from a second wireless node, and a response to the bistatic sensing request is transmitted by the first wireless node to the second wireless node.

[00153] At 1220, a first wireless node (e.g., transmitter 314 or 324 or 354 or 364, network interface(s) 380, etc.) transmits a set of detection signals to one or more target objects according to a bistatic detection procedure. Send it to the field. As mentioned above, a set of sensing signals may be configured for both sensing and communication in some designs (eg, reference signals such as PRS, TRS, CSI-RS, etc.).

[00154] 13 illustrates an example process 1300 of wireless communications in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure. Process 1300 of FIG. 13 is performed by a second wireless node, which may correspond to UE 302 or BS 304, as an example.

[00155] At 1310, a second wireless node (e.g., receiver 312 or 322 or 352 or 362), transmitter 314 or 324 or 354 or 364, network interface(s) 380, processing system 332 or 384 etc.) communicates a bistatic detection request and a response to the bistatic detection request between the second wireless node and the first wireless node to coordinate the setup of the bistatic detection procedure. In some designs, at 1310, a bistatic sensing request is transmitted by a second wireless node to a first wireless node, and a response to the bistatic sensing request is received from the first wireless node to the second wireless node. In other designs, at 1310, a bistatic sensing request is received at a second wireless node from a first wireless node, and a response to the bistatic sensing request is transmitted by the second wireless node to the first wireless node.

[00156] At 1320, a second wireless node (e.g., receiver 312 or 322 or 352 or 362), transmitter 314 or 324 or 354 or 364, RF sensing component 342 or 388, processing system 332 or 384 etc.) measures a set of reflections of a set of sensing signals transmitted by the first wireless node and reflected from one or more target objects according to a bistatic sensing procedure.

[00157] As will be described in more detail below, processes 1200-1300 may be executed in parallel on each of the first wireless node and the second wireless node.

[00158] 12-13, and as mentioned above, a first wireless device or a second wireless device may initiate coordination of a bistatic detection procedure through transmission of a bistatic detection request. In some designs, an individual wireless node transmitting a bistatic sensing request may beam sweep (e.g., transmit in different spatial directions) the bistatic sensing request across multiple transmit beams, as described above. You can. In some designs, a set of sensing signals may include a burst of sensing signals transmitted closely together in time, such as sensing RSs. In some designs, an individual wireless node transmitting a bistatic sensing request may also transmit one or more bistatic sensing requests to one or more other wireless nodes to coordinate the setup of the bistatic sensing procedure(s). there is. In this context, each wireless node that receives a bistatic sensing request can be considered a secondary node of the initiating node. In some designs, the communication link between the first wireless node and the second wireless node may be unicast, broadcast, or multicast. For example, in a scenario where multiple 'secondary' wireless nodes are configured, a multicast or broadcast link may be used to coordinate these multiple secondary nodes simultaneously.

[00159] 12-13, in some designs, any combination of wireless node types may be deployed as a first and second wireless node (or additional 'secondary' wireless nodes as mentioned above). there is. For example, a first wireless node may correspond to a UE and a second wireless node may correspond to a base station, or a second wireless node may correspond to a UE and the first wireless node may correspond to a base station, or the first wireless node may correspond to a base station. and both wireless nodes may correspond to base stations, or both the first wireless node and the second wireless node may correspond to UEs. When both wireless nodes are base stations, in some designs, these base stations may correspond to Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) gNBs.

[00160] 12-13, in some designs, a reference signal for timing calibration may be communicated between a first wireless node and a second wireless node. In particular, in some designs, an individual wireless node transmitting a bistatic detection request may also transmit a reference signal for timing calibration (e.g., to be used as a reference time for the bistatic detection procedure). For example, both a bistatic detection request and a reference signal for timing correction may be transmitted from a first wireless node to a second wireless node, or both a bistatic detection request and a reference signal for timing correction may be transmitted from a first wireless node to a second wireless node. It may be transmitted from to the first wireless node.

[00161] 12-13, in some designs, a bistatic detection request, a response to a bistatic detection request, or both may be communicated via a wireless communication link or a wired communication link. For example, a wired communication link may include a backhaul link in a scenario where first and second wireless nodes correspond to gNBs. In some designs, a wireless or wired communication link may be pre-configured before the bistatic detection procedure is triggered, or alternatively, may be set up in conjunction with the bistatic detection procedure.

[00162] 12-13, in examples where a bistatic detection request, a response to a bistatic detection request, or both are communicated over a wireless communication link, a bistatic detection request, a response to a bistatic detection request, or Both of these include downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), sidelink control information (SCI), physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH), medium access control command element (MAC CE), or radio resource configuration (RRC) signaling. It can be related. In some designs, the bistatic sensing request may include configuration of sensing signal(s) transmitted at 1220 and/or received at 1320.

[00163] 12-13, in some designs, the response to the bistatic detection request at 1210 or 1310 is an indication of the location of the individual wireless node transmitting the response to the bistatic detection request. may include an indication of acceptance or rejection, or a combination thereof. For example, a response to a bistatic detection request at 1210 or 1310 may provide an indication of the location of an individual wireless node if the individual wireless node has self-positioning capabilities (e.g., GPS or NR-positioning). It can be included.

[00164] 12-13, in some designs, a reference signal for timing calibration (e.g., PSS/SSS, CSI-RS, etc.) may be communicated between the first and second wireless nodes. . In particular, in some designs, an individual wireless node that transmits a response to a bistatic sensing request may also transmit a reference signal. In some designs, the reference signal may correspond to a reference signal for timing correction (e.g., for timing correction associated with a bistatic detection procedure). In other designs, the reference signal may correspond to a reference signal for positioning. In some designs, the timing of the reference signal may be pre-configured or alternatively may be indicated by the bistatic detection request (eg, offset by some indicated amount of time from the bistatic detection request). For example, in some designs, the response to a bistatic detection request may be determined by measuring the round trip time (RTT) between the first and second wireless nodes (e.g., the response to the bistatic detection request may be may include information such as Rx-Tx measurements, hardware group delay, etc. to enable RTT measurements) to estimate the distance between the first and second wireless nodes, Can be used in wireless nodes.

[00165] 12-13, in some designs, the second wireless node may optionally transmit a measurement report that includes one or more measurements based on the measurement at 1320. In some designs, one or more measurements may be based on a reference time (e.g., based on the time of arrival (ToA)) of the sensing signal(s) arriving at the second wireless node via the LOS link and the second wireless node. One or more time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurements between a set of ToAs associated with a set of reflections at a node, at least one distance between a second wireless node and one or more target objects, one or more target objects It includes at least one angle of arrival (AoA), at least one positioning estimate of one or more target objects, or a combination thereof. In some designs, the second wireless node can transmit a measurement report to the first wireless node. In other designs, the second wireless node may transmit measurement reports to another entity, such as an LMF, core network component, centralized sensing component, etc. For example, in some designs, if the distance between the first and second wireless nodes is known to the second wireless node, the second wireless node can calculate the position(s) of the target object(s). In such cases, the measurement report may include the calculated position(s). In other designs, the second wireless node may report TDOA value(s) in the measurement report (e.g., in this case the entity to which the measurement report is transmitted may perform target object position calculation(s). has exist). In some designs, some or all of the measurement information from the measurement may be further propagated (eg, cooperative sensing).

[00166] 12-13, in some designs, the bistatic detection procedure is triggered periodically, semi-permanently, or aperiodically. In instances where the bistatic sensing procedure is triggered periodically or semi-permanently, in some designs, the bistatic sensing procedure at 1220 or 1320 may be comprised of a plurality of bistatic sensing procedures whose setup is coordinated by communications at 1210 or 1320. You can respond to one of them. In other words, multiple bistatic sensing procedures can be set up through a single setup phase. However, some reference signal(s) can still be exchanged for bistatic sensing procedures that omit this setup phase. In particular, in some designs, one or more reference signals for timing, positioning, or both may be communicated between the first and second wireless nodes for each of a plurality of bistatic sensing procedures, thereby The static detection request and the response to the bistatic detection request are communicated for an initial bistatic detection procedure among the plurality of bistatic detection procedures and then omitted for one or more subsequent bistatic detection procedures among the plurality of bistatic detection procedures. It can be.

[00167] 14 illustrates an example implementation of processes 1200-1300 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In Figure 14, the first wireless node corresponds to the bistatic detection procedure sender or initiator. At 1402 (e.g., as at 1210 in FIG. 12 or 1310 in FIG. 13), the first wireless node transmits a bistatic detection request to the second wireless node. At 1404, the first wireless node optionally transmits a reference signal for timing calibration to the second wireless node, which reference signal can optionally be measured and used for timing calibration at the second wireless node. At 1406 (e.g., as at 1210 in FIG. 12 or 1310 in FIG. 13), the second wireless node transmits a response to the bistatic detection request from 1402. At 1408, the second wireless node optionally transmits a reference signal (e.g., for timing and/or positioning) to the first wireless node, which reference signal is optionally used for timing calibration and/or timing correction at the first wireless node. Or it can be measured and used for positioning (e.g. RTT for distance correction). At 1410 (e.g., as at 1220 in FIG. 12), the first wireless node transmits a burst of sensing signals (e.g., across multiple beams, at different times, etc.). At least some of the transmitted detection signals contact one or more target objects 1412, which generates reflected signals. These reflected signals are received and measured by the second wireless node at 1414 (e.g., as at 1320 in FIG. 13). At 1416, the second wireless node optionally transmits a measurement report to the first wireless node (and/or one or more other components, such as LMF, etc., as mentioned above).

[00168] 15 illustrates an example implementation of processes 1200-1300 in accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure. Unlike Figure 14, in Figure 15, the second wireless node corresponds to the bistatic detection procedure sender or initiator. At 1502 (e.g., as at 1210 in FIG. 12 or 1310 in FIG. 13), the second wireless node transmits a bistatic detection request to the second wireless node. At 1504, the second wireless node optionally transmits a reference signal for timing calibration to the first wireless node, which reference signal can optionally be measured and used for timing calibration at the first wireless node. At 1506 (e.g., as at 1210 in FIG. 12 or 1310 in FIG. 13), the first wireless node transmits a response to the bistatic detection request from 1502. At 1508, the first wireless node optionally transmits a reference signal (e.g., for timing and/or positioning) to the second wireless node, which reference signal is optionally used for timing calibration and/or timing correction at the second wireless node. Or it can be measured and used for positioning (e.g. RTT for distance correction). At 1510 (e.g., as at 1220 in FIG. 12), the first wireless node transmits a burst of sensing signals (e.g., across multiple beams, at different times, etc.). At least some of the transmitted detection signals contact one or more target objects 1512, which generates reflected signals. These reflected signals are received and measured by the second wireless node at 1514 (e.g., as at 1320 in FIG. 13). At 1516, the second wireless node optionally transmits a measurement report to the first wireless node (and/or one or more other components, such as LMF, etc., as mentioned above). In some designs, the transmission of 1516 may be skipped (eg, because the second wireless node is the sender interested in the measurement data). Alternatively, the measurement report at 1516 may be sent to a separate entity (e.g., a central entity, such as an LMF, instead of and/or in addition to reporting to the first wireless node).

[00169] Although a single bistatic sensing procedure is shown in each of FIGS. 14-15 , as noted above, the adjustments at 1402-1408 or 1502-1508 can be used in other examples for multiple bistatic sensing procedures (e.g., periodic or semi-persistent) (e.g., in this case 1402 and 1406 or 1502 and 1506, the signaling may be omitted for these additional bistatic detection procedures, but 1404 and 1408 or 1504 and 1508 The signaling of can optionally still be implemented in each bistatic detection procedure).

[00170] In the detailed description above, it can be seen that different features are grouped together in the examples. The manner of this disclosure should not be construed as an intention that the example provisions have more features than those explicitly recited in each provision. Rather, various aspects of the disclosure may include less than all the features of individual example provisions disclosed. Accordingly, the following provisions should be considered integral to the description, each of which may itself be a separate example. Although each dependent clause may imply a particular combination with one of the other clauses in the clauses, the aspect(s) of that dependent clause are not limited to that particular combination. It will be appreciated that other example provisions may also include a combination of dependent clause aspect(s) with the claimed subject matter of any other dependent or independent clause, or a combination of any feature or other dependent and independent clause. Various aspects disclosed herein may be contradictory aspects, such as defining an element as both an insulator and a conductor, unless explicitly stated or unless it can be readily inferred that a particular combination is not intended. s), explicitly includes these combinations. Additionally, it is also intended that aspects of a provision may be included in any other independent provision, even if the provision is not directly dependent on the independent provision.

[00171] Implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses:

[00172] Clause 1. A method of operating a first wireless node comprising: communicating a bistatic detection request and a response to the bistatic detection request between the first wireless node and the second wireless node, to coordinate the setup of a bistatic detection procedure; steps; and transmitting a set of detection signals to one or more target objects according to a bistatic detection procedure.

[00173] Clause 2. The method of clause 1, wherein a bistatic detection request is transmitted by a first wireless node to a second wireless node, and a response to the bistatic detection request is received at the first wireless node from the second wireless node.

[00174] Clause 3. The method of clause 2, wherein the bistatic sensing request is a beam swept by the first wireless node across a plurality of transmit beams.

[00175] Clause 4. The method of clause 2 or clause 3, wherein the method further comprises sending another bistatic detection request to the third wireless node to coordinate setup of another bistatic detection procedure.

[00176] Clause 5. The method of clauses 1 through 4, wherein a bistatic detection request is received at the first wireless node from a second wireless node, and a response to the bistatic detection request is sent by the first wireless node to the second wireless node. is transmitted.

[00177] Clause 6. The method of clauses 1 to 5, wherein the first wireless node corresponds to a user equipment (UE) and the second wireless node corresponds to a base station, or the second wireless node corresponds to a UE and the first wireless node corresponds to a base station. correspond to a base station, or the first wireless node and the second wireless node correspond to base stations, or the first wireless node and the second wireless node correspond to UEs.

[00178] Clause 7. The method of clauses 1 to 6, wherein the method further comprises communicating a reference signal for timing calibration with the second wireless node.

[00179] Clause 8. The method of clause 7, wherein both the bistatic detection request and the reference signal for timing correction are received at the first wireless node from the second wireless node, or both the bistatic detection request and the reference signal for timing correction are received from the first wireless node. It is transmitted by the 1 wireless node to the second wireless node.

[00180] Clause 9. The method of clauses 1 through 8, wherein the bistatic detection request, the response to the bistatic detection request, or both are communicated via a wireless communication link or a wired communication link.

[00181] Clause 10. The method of clause 9, wherein the wireless communication link or the wired communication link is pre-configured before the bistatic detection procedure is triggered, or is set up in association with the bistatic detection procedure.

[00182] Clause 11. The method of clause 9 or clause 10, wherein the bistatic detection request, the response to the bistatic detection request, or both are communicated over a wireless communication link, and the bistatic detection request, the response to the bistatic detection request. , or both, downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), sidelink control information (SCI), medium access control command element (MAC CE), physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH), or radio resource configuration (RRC) Associated with signaling.

[00183] Clause 12. The method of any of clauses 1 through 11, wherein the response to the bistatic detection request comprises an indication of the location of the individual wireless node transmitting the response to the bistatic detection request, an acceptance of the bistatic detection request, or Includes an indication of refusal, or a combination thereof.

[00184] Clause 13. The method of any one of clauses 1 to 12, wherein the method further comprises communicating a reference signal with a second wireless node.

[00185] Clause 14. The method of clause 13, wherein both a response to a bistatic detection request and a reference signal for timing correction are received at the first wireless node from a second wireless node, or a response to a bistatic detection request and timing correction are received at the first wireless node. Both reference signals for are transmitted by the first wireless node to the second wireless node.

[00186] Clause 15. The method of clause 13 or clause 14, wherein the reference signal corresponds to a reference signal for timing calibration, or the reference signal corresponds to a reference signal for positioning.

[00187] Clause 16. The method of any one of clauses 13-15, wherein the timing of the reference signal is indicated or pre-configured by a bistatic detection request.

[00188] Clause 17. The method of any one of clauses 1 to 16, wherein the method further comprises receiving a measurement report from a second wireless node, wherein the measurement report comprises a set of detection signals from one or more target objects. and one or more measurements by the second wireless node of a set of reflections.

[00189] Clause 18. The method of clause 17, wherein the one or more measurements comprise one or more time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurements between a set of times of arrival (ToAs) associated with a set of reflections at the second wireless node and a reference time. , at least one distance between the second wireless node and one or more target objects, at least one angle of arrival (AoA) of one or more target objects, at least one positioning estimate of one or more target objects, or a combination thereof do.

[00190] Clause 19. The method of any one of clauses 1-18, wherein the bistatic detection procedure is triggered periodically, semi-permanently, or aperiodically.

[00191] Clause 20. The method of clause 19, wherein the bistatic detection procedure is triggered periodically or semi-permanently, and the bistatic detection procedure is coordinated in setup by communication of a bistatic detection request and a response to the bistatic detection request. Corresponds to one of a plurality of bistatic detection procedures.

[00192] Clause 21. The method of clause 20, wherein reference signals for timing, positioning or both are communicated between a first wireless node and a second wireless node for each of a plurality of bistatic sensing procedures, and a bistatic sensing request and A response to the bistatic detection request is communicated for an initial bistatic detection procedure among the plurality of bistatic detection procedures and then omitted for one or more subsequent bistatic detection procedures among the plurality of bistatic detection procedures.

[00193] Clause 22. A method of operating a second wireless node comprising: communicating a bistatic detection request and a response to the bistatic detection request between the second wireless node and the first wireless node to coordinate the setup of a bistatic detection procedure; steps; and measuring a set of reflections of a set of sensing signals transmitted by the first wireless node and reflected from one or more target objects according to a bistatic sensing procedure.

[00194] Clause 23. The method of clause 22, wherein a bistatic detection request is transmitted by a second wireless node to a first wireless node, and a response to the bistatic detection request is received from the first wireless node to the second wireless node.

[00195] Clause 24. The method of clause 23, wherein the bistatic sensing request is a beam swept by the second wireless node across a plurality of transmit beams.

[00196] Clause 25. The method of clause 23 or clause 24, wherein the method further comprises sending another bistatic detection request to the third wireless node to coordinate setup of another bistatic detection procedure.

[00197] Clause 26. The method of any one of clauses 22-25, wherein a bistatic detection request is received at a second wireless node from a first wireless node, and a response to the bistatic detection request is sent by the second wireless node. 1 is transmitted to the wireless node.

[00198] Clause 27. The method of any one of clauses 22 to 26, wherein the first wireless node corresponds to a user equipment (UE) and the second wireless node corresponds to a base station, or the second wireless node corresponds to the UE and the second wireless node corresponds to the base station. One wireless node corresponds to a base station, or the first wireless node and the second wireless node correspond to base stations, or the first wireless node and the second wireless node correspond to UEs.

[00199] Clause 28. The method of any one of clauses 22 to 27, wherein the method further comprises communicating a reference signal for timing calibration with the first wireless node.

[00200] Clause 29. The method of clause 28, wherein both a bistatic detection request and a reference signal for timing correction are received at a second wireless node from a first wireless node, or both a bistatic detection request and a reference signal for timing correction are received from a first wireless node. 2 is transmitted by the wireless node to the first wireless node.

[00201] Clause 30. The method of any of clauses 22-29, wherein the bistatic detection request, the response to the bistatic detection request, or both are communicated via a wireless communication link or a wired communication link.

[00202] Clause 31. The method of clause 30, wherein the wireless communication link or the wired communication link is pre-configured before the bistatic detection procedure is triggered, or is set up in association with the bistatic detection procedure.

[00203] Clause 32. The method of clause 30 or clause 31, wherein the bistatic detection request, the response to the bistatic detection request, or both are communicated over a wireless communication link, and the bistatic detection request, the response to the bistatic detection request. , or both, downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), sidelink control information (SCI), medium access control command element (MAC CE), physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH), or radio resource configuration (RRC) Associated with signaling.

[00204] Clause 33. The method of any of clauses 22-32, wherein the response to the bistatic detection request comprises an indication of the location of the individual wireless node transmitting the response to the bistatic detection request, an acceptance of the bistatic detection request, or Includes an indication of refusal, or a combination thereof.

[00205] Clause 34. The method of any one of clauses 22-33, wherein the method further comprises communicating a reference signal with the first wireless node.

[00206] Clause 35. The method of clause 34, wherein both a response to a bistatic detection request and a reference signal for timing correction are received at the second wireless node from the first wireless node, or a response to a bistatic detection request and timing correction are received at the second wireless node. Both reference signals for are transmitted by the second wireless node to the first wireless node.

[00207] Clause 36. The method of clause 34 or clause 35, wherein the reference signal corresponds to a reference signal for timing calibration, or the reference signal corresponds to a reference signal for positioning.

[00208] Clause 37. The method of any of clauses 34-36, wherein the timing of the reference signal is indicated or pre-configured by a bistatic detection request.

[00209] Clause 38. The method of any of clauses 22-37, wherein the method further comprises transmitting to the device a measurement report including one or more measurements based on the measurement.

[00210] Clause 39. The method of clause 38, wherein the one or more measurements comprise one or more time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurements between a set of times of arrival (ToAs) associated with a set of reflections at the second wireless node and a reference time. , at least one distance between the second wireless node and one or more target objects, at least one angle of arrival (AoA) of one or more target objects, at least one positioning estimate of one or more target objects, or a combination thereof do.

[00211] Clause 40. The method of any one of clauses 22-39, wherein the bistatic detection procedure is triggered periodically, semi-permanently, or aperiodically.

[00212] Clause 41. The method of clause 40, wherein the bistatic detection procedure is triggered periodically or semi-permanently, and the bistatic detection procedure is coordinated in setup by communication of a bistatic detection request and a response to the bistatic detection request. Corresponds to one of a plurality of bistatic detection procedures.

[00213] Clause 42. The method of clause 41, wherein reference signals for timing, positioning, or both are communicated between a first wireless node and a second wireless node for each of a plurality of bistatic sensing procedures, and a bistatic sensing request and A response to the bistatic detection request is communicated for an initial bistatic detection procedure among the plurality of bistatic detection procedures and then omitted for one or more subsequent bistatic detection procedures among the plurality of bistatic detection procedures.

[00214] Clause 43. An apparatus comprising: a memory and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory, the memory and the at least one processor configured to perform a method according to any one of clauses 1 to 42.

[00215] Clause 44. The apparatus comprises means for carrying out the method according to any one of clauses 1 to 42.

[00216] Clause 45. A non-transitory computer-readable medium stores computer-executable instructions, the computer-executable instructions causing a computer or processor to perform a method according to any one of clauses 1 to 42. Contains at least one command for

[00217] Those skilled in the art will recognize that information and signals may be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols and chips that may be referenced throughout the above description include voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles. fields, light fields or light particles, or any combination thereof.

[00218] Additionally, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of the two. will recognize To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether this functionality is implemented in hardware or software will depend on the specific application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present disclosure.

[00219] Various example logic blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with aspects disclosed herein may be implemented as general-purpose processors, DSPs, ASICs, FPGAs or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or It is designed to perform the functions described in and may be implemented or performed in any combination thereof. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. Additionally, the processor may be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

[00220] The methods, sequences and/or algorithms described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein may be implemented directly in hardware, as a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of the two. Software modules include RAM (random-access memory), flash memory, ROM (read-only memory), EPROM (erasable programmable ROM), EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable ROM), registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or may reside on any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from and write information to the storage medium. Alternatively, the storage medium may be integrated into the processor. The processor and storage media may reside in an ASIC. The ASIC may reside in a user terminal (eg, UE). Alternatively, the processor and storage medium may reside in the user terminal as separate components.

[00221] In one or more example aspects, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or the desired storage device in the form of instructions or data structures. It may include any other medium that can be used to carry or store program code and that can be accessed by a computer. Additionally, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, the Software may use coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies (such as infrared, radio, and microwaves) to access websites, servers, or other remote sources. When transmitted from, coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair pair, DSL, or wireless technologies (such as infrared, radio, and microwave) are included in the definition of medium. Disk and disc as used herein include compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), Includes floppy disks and Blu-ray discs, where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically by lasers. do. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[00222] While the foregoing disclosure represents example aspects of the disclosure, it should be noted that various changes and modifications may be made herein without departing from the scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims. do. The functions, steps and/or actions of the method claims according to aspects of the disclosure described herein do not need to be performed in any particular order. Additionally, although elements of the disclosure may be described or claimed in the singular, the plural is contemplated unless limitation to the singular is explicitly stated.

Claims (66)

A method of operating a first wireless node, comprising:
communicating a bistatic sensing request and a response to the bistatic sensing request between the first and second wireless nodes to coordinate setup of a bistatic sensing procedure; and
Transmitting a set of detection signals to one or more target objects according to the bistatic detection procedure
A method of operating a first wireless node, comprising: According to claim 1,
the bistatic detection request is transmitted by the first wireless node to the second wireless node, and a response to the bistatic detection request is received at the first wireless node from the second wireless node. How to operate a node. According to clause 2,
wherein the bistatic sensing request is a beam swept by the first wireless node across a plurality of transmit beams. According to clause 2,
A method of operating a first wireless node, further comprising transmitting another bistatic detection request to a third wireless node to coordinate the setup of another bistatic detection procedure. According to claim 1,
the bistatic detection request is received at the first wireless node from the second wireless node, and a response to the bistatic detection request is transmitted by the first wireless node to the second wireless node. How to operate a node. According to claim 1,
The first wireless node corresponds to a user equipment (UE) and the second wireless node corresponds to a base station, or
The second wireless node corresponds to a UE and the first wireless node corresponds to a base station, or
The first wireless node and the second wireless node correspond to base stations, or
A method of operating a first wireless node, wherein the first wireless node and the second wireless node correspond to UEs. According to claim 1,
A method of operating a first wireless node, further comprising communicating a reference signal for timing calibration with the second wireless node. According to clause 7,
Both the bistatic detection request and the reference signal for timing calibration are received at the first wireless node from the second wireless node, or
wherein both the bistatic detection request and the reference signal for timing calibration are transmitted by the first wireless node to the second wireless node. According to claim 1,
The method of operating a first wireless node, wherein the bistatic detection request, the response to the bistatic detection request, or both are communicated over a wireless communication link or a wired communication link. According to clause 9,
The wireless communication link or the wired communication link is pre-configured before the bistatic detection procedure is triggered, or is set up in association with the bistatic detection procedure. According to clause 9,
The bistatic detection request, the response to the bistatic detection request, or both are communicated over the wireless communication link, and
The bistatic detection request, the response to the bistatic detection request, or both may include downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), sidelink control information (SCI), medium access control command element (MAC CE), A method of operating a first wireless node associated with Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH) or radio resource configuration (RRC) signaling. According to claim 1,
The response to the bistatic detection request includes an indication of the location of the individual wireless node transmitting the response to the bistatic detection request, an indication of acceptance or rejection of the bistatic detection request, or a combination thereof. 1 How to operate a wireless node. According to claim 1,
A method of operating a first wireless node, further comprising communicating a reference signal with the second wireless node. According to claim 13,
Both a response to the bistatic detection request and a reference signal for timing calibration are received at the first wireless node from the second wireless node, or
A method of operating a first wireless node, wherein both a response to the bistatic detection request and a reference signal for the timing calibration are transmitted by the first wireless node to the second wireless node. According to claim 13,
The reference signal corresponds to a reference signal for timing correction, or
A method of operating a first wireless node, wherein the reference signal corresponds to a reference signal for positioning. According to claim 13,
The timing of the reference signal is indicated by the bistatic detection request or is preconfigured. According to claim 1,
further comprising receiving a measurement report from the second wireless node, wherein the measurement report is generated by the second wireless node for a set of reflections of the set of detection signals from the one or more target objects. A method of operating a first wireless node, comprising one or more measurements. According to claim 17,
The one or more measurements may include one or more time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurements between a reference time and a set of time of arrival (ToA) associated with the set of reflections at the second wireless node. At least one distance between a node and the one or more target objects, at least one angle of arrival (AoA) of the one or more target objects, at least one positioning estimate of the one or more target objects, or a combination thereof, A method of operating a first wireless node. According to claim 1,
The method of operating a first wireless node, wherein the bistatic sensing procedure is triggered periodically, semi-permanently, or aperiodically. According to clause 19,
The bistatic detection procedure is triggered periodically or semi-permanently, and
The method of operating a first wireless node, wherein the bistatic detection procedure corresponds to one of a plurality of bistatic detection procedures whose setup is coordinated by communication of the bistatic detection request and a response to the bistatic detection request. According to claim 20,
Reference signals for timing, positioning or both are communicated between the first wireless node and the second wireless node for each of the plurality of bistatic sensing procedures, and
The bistatic detection request and the response to the bistatic detection request are communicated for an initial bistatic detection procedure among the plurality of bistatic detection procedures and then for one or more subsequent bistatic detection procedures among the plurality of bistatic detection procedures. A method of operating a first wireless node, omitted for sensing procedures. A method of operating a second wireless node, comprising:
communicating a bistatic detection request and a response to the bistatic detection request between the second wireless node and the first wireless node to coordinate setup of a bistatic sensing procedure; and
measuring a set of reflections of a set of sensing signals transmitted by the first wireless node and reflected from one or more target objects according to the bistatic sensing procedure.
A method of operating a second wireless node, comprising: According to clause 22,
the bistatic detection request is transmitted by the second wireless node to the first wireless node, and a response to the bistatic detection request is received at the second wireless node from the first wireless node. How to operate a node. According to clause 23,
wherein the bistatic sensing request is a beam swept by the second wireless node across a plurality of transmit beams. According to clause 23,
A method of operating a second wireless node, further comprising transmitting another bistatic detection request to the third wireless node to coordinate the setup of another bistatic detection procedure. According to clause 22,
the bistatic detection request is received at the second wireless node from the first wireless node, and a response to the bistatic detection request is transmitted by the second wireless node to the first wireless node. How to operate a node. According to clause 22,
The first wireless node corresponds to a user equipment (UE) and the second wireless node corresponds to a base station, or
The second wireless node corresponds to a UE and the first wireless node corresponds to a base station, or
The first wireless node and the second wireless node correspond to base stations, or
A method of operating a second wireless node, wherein the first wireless node and the second wireless node correspond to UEs. According to clause 22,
A method of operating a second wireless node, further comprising communicating a reference signal for timing calibration with the first wireless node. According to clause 28,
Both the bistatic detection request and the reference signal for timing calibration are received at the second wireless node from the first wireless node, or
wherein both the bistatic detection request and the reference signal for timing calibration are transmitted by the second wireless node to the first wireless node. According to clause 22,
The bistatic detection request, the response to the bistatic detection request, or both are communicated over a wireless communication link or a wired communication link. According to claim 30,
Wherein the wireless communication link or the wired communication link is pre-configured before the bistatic detection procedure is triggered, or is set up in conjunction with the bistatic detection procedure. According to claim 30,
The bistatic detection request, the response to the bistatic detection request, or both are communicated over the wireless communication link, and
The bistatic detection request, the response to the bistatic detection request, or both may include downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), sidelink control information (SCI), medium access control command element (MAC CE), A method of operating a second wireless node associated with Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH) or radio resource configuration (RRC) signaling. According to clause 22,
The response to the bistatic detection request includes an indication of the location of the individual wireless node transmitting the response to the bistatic detection request, an indication of acceptance or rejection of the bistatic detection request, or a combination thereof. 2 How to operate a wireless node. According to clause 22,
A method of operating a second wireless node, further comprising communicating a reference signal with the first wireless node. According to clause 34,
Both a response to the bistatic detection request and a reference signal for timing calibration are received at the second wireless node from the first wireless node, or
A method of operating a second wireless node, wherein both a response to the bistatic detection request and a reference signal for the timing calibration are transmitted by the second wireless node to the first wireless node. According to clause 34,
The reference signal corresponds to a reference signal for timing correction, or
A method of operating a second wireless node, wherein the reference signal corresponds to a reference signal for positioning. According to clause 34,
The timing of the reference signal is indicated by the bistatic detection request or is preconfigured. According to clause 22,
A method of operating a second wireless node, further comprising transmitting a measurement report to the device including one or more measurements based on the measurement. According to clause 38,
The one or more measurements may include one or more time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurements between a reference time and a set of time of arrival (ToA) associated with the set of reflections at the second wireless node. At least one distance between a node and the one or more target objects, at least one angle of arrival (AoA) of the one or more target objects, at least one positioning estimate of the one or more target objects, or a combination thereof, Method of operating a second wireless node. According to clause 22,
The method of operating a second wireless node, wherein the bistatic sensing procedure is triggered periodically, semi-permanently, or aperiodically. According to claim 40,
The bistatic detection procedure is triggered periodically or semi-permanently, and
The method of operating a second wireless node, wherein the bistatic detection procedure corresponds to one of a plurality of bistatic detection procedures whose setup is coordinated by communication of the bistatic detection request and a response to the bistatic detection request. According to claim 41,
Reference signals for timing, positioning or both are communicated between the first wireless node and the second wireless node for each of the plurality of bistatic sensing procedures, and
The bistatic detection request and the response to the bistatic detection request are communicated for an initial bistatic detection procedure among the plurality of bistatic detection procedures and then for one or more subsequent bistatic detection procedures among the plurality of bistatic detection procedures. A method of operating a second wireless node, omitted for sensing procedures. As a first wireless node,
Memory;
at least one transceiver; and
At least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the at least one transceiver
Including,
The at least one processor,
communicate a bistatic detection request and a response to the bistatic detection request between the first and second wireless nodes to coordinate the setup of a bistatic detection procedure; and
To transmit a set of detection signals to one or more target objects according to the bistatic detection procedure.
A first wireless node configured. According to clause 43,
the bistatic detection request is transmitted by the first wireless node to the second wireless node, and a response to the bistatic detection request is received at the first wireless node from the second wireless node. node. According to clause 43,
the bistatic detection request is received at the first wireless node from the second wireless node, and a response to the bistatic detection request is transmitted by the first wireless node to the second wireless node. node. According to clause 43,
The first wireless node corresponds to a user equipment (UE) and the second wireless node corresponds to a base station, or
The second wireless node corresponds to a UE and the first wireless node corresponds to a base station, or
The first wireless node and the second wireless node correspond to base stations, or
A first wireless node, wherein the first wireless node and the second wireless node correspond to UEs. As a second wireless node,
Memory;
at least one transceiver; and
At least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the at least one transceiver
Including,
The at least one processor,
communicate a bistatic detection request and a response to the bistatic detection request between the second wireless node and the first wireless node to coordinate the setup of a bistatic detection procedure; and
A second wireless node, configured to measure a set of reflections of a set of sensing signals transmitted by the first wireless node and reflected from one or more target objects according to the bistatic sensing procedure. According to clause 47,
the bistatic detection request is transmitted by the second wireless node to the first wireless node, and a response to the bistatic detection request is received at the second wireless node from the first wireless node. node. According to clause 47,
the bistatic detection request is received at the second wireless node from the first wireless node, and a response to the bistatic detection request is transmitted by the second wireless node to the first wireless node. node. According to clause 47,
The first wireless node corresponds to a user equipment (UE) and the second wireless node corresponds to a base station, or
The second wireless node corresponds to a UE and the first wireless node corresponds to a base station, or
The first wireless node and the second wireless node correspond to base stations, or
A second wireless node, wherein the first wireless node and the second wireless node correspond to UEs. As a first wireless node,
means for communicating, between the first and second wireless nodes, a bistatic detection request and a response to the bistatic detection request to coordinate setup of a bistatic detection procedure; and
Means for transmitting a set of detection signals to one or more target objects according to the bistatic detection procedure
A first wireless node comprising: According to claim 51,
the bistatic detection request is transmitted by the first wireless node to the second wireless node, and a response to the bistatic detection request is received at the first wireless node from the second wireless node. node. According to claim 51,
the bistatic detection request is received at the first wireless node from the second wireless node, and a response to the bistatic detection request is transmitted by the first wireless node to the second wireless node. node. According to claim 51,
The first wireless node corresponds to a user equipment (UE) and the second wireless node corresponds to a base station, or
The second wireless node corresponds to a UE and the first wireless node corresponds to a base station, or
A first wireless node, wherein the first wireless node and the second wireless node correspond to base stations. As a second wireless node,
means for communicating, between the second wireless node and the first wireless node, a bistatic sensing request and a response to the bistatic sensing request to coordinate setup of a bistatic sensing procedure; and
Means for measuring a set of reflections of a set of sensing signals transmitted by the first wireless node and reflected from one or more target objects according to the bistatic sensing procedure.
A second wireless node comprising: According to item 55,
the bistatic detection request is transmitted by the second wireless node to the first wireless node, and a response to the bistatic detection request is received at the second wireless node from the first wireless node. node. According to item 55,
the bistatic detection request is received at the second wireless node from the first wireless node, and a response to the bistatic detection request is transmitted by the second wireless node to the first wireless node. node. According to item 55,
The first wireless node corresponds to a user equipment (UE) and the second wireless node corresponds to a base station, or
The second wireless node corresponds to a UE and the first wireless node corresponds to a base station, or
The first wireless node and the second wireless node correspond to base stations, or
A second wireless node, wherein the first wireless node and the second wireless node correspond to UEs. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a set of instructions, comprising:
The set of instructions includes one or more instructions,
The one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the first wireless node, cause the first wireless node to:
communicate, between the first and second wireless nodes, a bistatic detection request and a response to the bistatic detection request, to coordinate the setup of a bistatic detection procedure; and
A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a set of instructions for transmitting a set of detection signals to one or more target objects according to the bistatic detection procedure. According to clause 59,
The bistatic detection request is transmitted by the first wireless node to the second wireless node, and a response to the bistatic detection request is received at the first wireless node from the second wireless node. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that stores instructions. According to clause 59,
the bistatic detection request is received at the first wireless node from the second wireless node, and a response to the bistatic detection request is transmitted by the first wireless node to the second wireless node. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that stores instructions. According to clause 59,
The first wireless node corresponds to a user equipment (UE) and the second wireless node corresponds to a base station, or
The second wireless node corresponds to a UE and the first wireless node corresponds to a base station, or
A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a set of instructions, wherein the first wireless node and the second wireless node correspond to base stations. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a set of instructions, comprising:
The set of instructions includes one or more instructions,
The one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the second wireless node, cause the second wireless node to:
communicate a bistatic detection request and a response to the bistatic detection request between the second wireless node and the first wireless node, to coordinate the setup of a bistatic detection procedure; and
A non-transitory computer storing a set of instructions for measuring a set of reflections of a set of sensing signals transmitted by the first wireless node and reflected from one or more target objects according to the bistatic sensing procedure. -Readable storage medium. According to clause 63,
The bistatic detection request is transmitted by the second wireless node to the first wireless node, and a response to the bistatic sensing request is received from the first wireless node to the second wireless node. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that stores instructions. According to clause 63,
The bistatic detection request is received at the second wireless node from the first wireless node, and a response to the bistatic detection request is transmitted by the second wireless node to the first wireless node. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that stores instructions. According to clause 63,
The first wireless node corresponds to a user equipment (UE) and the second wireless node corresponds to a base station, or
The second wireless node corresponds to a UE and the first wireless node corresponds to a base station, or
The first wireless node and the second wireless node correspond to base stations, or
A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a set of instructions, wherein the first wireless node and the second wireless node correspond to UEs.