KR20230098405A - Manufacturing method of pin mirror of optical system for augmented reality - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of pin mirror of optical system for augmented reality Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0006—Arrays
- G02B3/0012—Arrays characterised by the manufacturing method
- G02B3/0031—Replication or moulding, e.g. hot embossing, UV-casting, injection moulding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00009—Production of simple or compound lenses
- B29D11/00413—Production of simple or compound lenses made by moulding between two mould parts which are not in direct contact with one another, e.g. comprising a seal between or on the edges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00865—Applying coatings; tinting; colouring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
- C03B19/02—Other methods of shaping glass by casting molten glass, e.g. injection moulding
- C03B19/025—Other methods of shaping glass by casting molten glass, e.g. injection moulding by injection moulding, e.g. extrusion
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/40—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal all coatings being metal coatings
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00009—Production of simple or compound lenses
- B29D11/00019—Production of simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces, e.g. toric faces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
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- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/70—Properties of coatings
- C03C2217/73—Anti-reflective coatings with specific characteristics
Abstract
본 발명은 핀미러 렌즈의 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, 렌즈 재료를 용융 및 사출 성형하여 렌즈 상부 및 렌즈 하부를 제조하는 단계, 상기 렌즈 상부 및 렌즈 하부의 표면에 반사코팅층을 형성하는 단계, 상기 렌즈 상부 및 렌즈 하부의 표면에 후공정 코팅을 하는 단계, 상기 렌즈 상부 및 렌즈 하부를 접합하여 핀미러 렌즈를 형성하는 단계를 포함하며, 마이크로 디스플레이 탑재형 고화각, 고분해능, 초경량 AR 디바이스용 AR 광학계에 적용할 수 있는 광학 특성을 나타내는 핀미러 렌즈의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a pin mirror lens, comprising the steps of manufacturing a lens upper part and a lower lens part by melting and injection molding a lens material, forming a reflective coating layer on the surfaces of the upper part and the lower part of the lens, and the upper part of the lens. and applying a post-process coating to the surface of the lower part of the lens, and forming a pin mirror lens by bonding the upper part and the lower part of the lens, and is applied to an AR optical system for a micro-display-mounted high-angle, high-resolution, and ultra-lightweight AR device. It relates to a method for manufacturing a pin mirror lens exhibiting optical characteristics that can be achieved.
Description
본 발명은 증강현실 광학계용 핀미러 렌즈의 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는, 마이크로 디스플레이 탑재형 고화각, 고분해능, 초경량 AR 디바이스용 AR 광학계에 적용하기 위한 핀미러 렌즈의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a pin mirror lens for an augmented reality optical system, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing a pin mirror lens for application to an AR optical system for a microdisplay-mounted high-angle, high-resolution, ultra-lightweight AR device. .
최근 증강현실(augmented reality, AR)에 대한 수요가 증가하면서 상기 AR 기술을 적용한 스마트 기기의 개발이 활발히 이루어지고 있다. AR 기기에서 핵심 기술은 광학과 디스플레이 기술로서 소형 및 경량화된 안경형 폼팩터에서 자연스러운 가상 영상과 현실세계의 융합을 위해 완성도 높은 광학 및 디스플레이 기술의 개발이 요구된다. 이를 위해서는 초경량, 초소형, 고시인성의 AR 광학 엔진을 구현할 수 있는 기술이 필요한 실정이다.Recently, as the demand for augmented reality (AR) increases, the development of smart devices to which the AR technology is applied is being actively performed. The core technologies of AR devices are optical and display technologies, and the development of high-quality optical and display technologies is required for the convergence of natural virtual images and the real world in a small and lightweight glasses-type form factor. To this end, a technology capable of implementing an ultra-light, compact, and high-visibility AR optical engine is required.
대한민국 공개특허공보 10-2020-0105687호에서는 실제-세계 이미지 위에 재배치된 가상 이미지의 뷰가 핀포인트 미러들의 집합을 통해 실질적으로 투명한 매질을 응시하는 사용자에게 제공하는 AR 광학 엔진이 개시되어 있는데, 상기 핀포인트 미러를 통해 이미지를 처리하는 기술이 상기 AR 광학 엔진의 핵심기술이다. 이 경우, 상기 핀포인트 미러의 정밀도와 품질에 의해 AR 광학 엔진의 성능이 결정된다고 볼 수 있다.Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2020-0105687 discloses an AR optical engine that provides a view of a virtual image relocated on a real-world image to a user gazing at a substantially transparent medium through a set of pinpoint mirrors. A technology of processing an image through a pinpoint mirror is a core technology of the AR optical engine. In this case, it can be seen that the performance of the AR optical engine is determined by the precision and quality of the pinpoint mirror.
따라서 상기 핀포인트 미러, 즉, 핀미러 렌즈의 개량을 통해 종래의 AR 광학 엔진에 비해 경소형, 고화각, 고분해능, 고투과율의 특성을 가지는 AR 광학 엔진을 설계 및 제작할 수 있을 것이다.Therefore, through the improvement of the pinpoint mirror, that is, the pinmirror lens, it will be possible to design and manufacture an AR optical engine having characteristics of compact size, high angle of view, high resolution, and high transmittance compared to conventional AR optical engines.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 종래기술의 문제점을 감안하여 안출된 것으로서, 핀미러 렌즈의 제조방법을 개선함으로써 고품질의 AR 광학 엔진에 적용할 수 있는 핀미러 렌즈를 제공하는 것을 그 목적으로 한다.An object of the present invention is to provide a pin mirror lens that can be applied to a high-quality AR optical engine by improving a manufacturing method of a pin mirror lens.
상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 핀미러 렌즈의 제조방법은 렌즈 재료를 용융 및 사출 성형하여 렌즈 상부 및 렌즈 하부를 제조하는 단계, 상기 렌즈 상부 및 렌즈 하부의 표면에 반사코팅층을 형성하는 단계, 상기 렌즈 상부 및 렌즈 하부의 표면에 후공정 코팅을 하는 단계, 상기 렌즈 상부 및 렌즈 하부를 접합하여 핀미러 렌즈를 형성하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.In order to achieve the above object, the manufacturing method of the pin mirror lens of the present invention comprises the steps of manufacturing a lens upper part and a lower lens part by melting and injection molding a lens material, forming a reflective coating layer on the surface of the upper lens part and the lower part of the lens It is characterized in that it comprises the step of applying a post-process coating to the surface of the upper lens and lower lens, and forming a pin mirror lens by bonding the upper and lower lenses.
이때, 상기 렌즈 재료는 사이클로올레핀 고분자(cyclo olefin polymer: COP)나 유리를 사용할 수 있다.At this time, the lens material may use a cyclo olefin polymer (COP) or glass.
또한, 상기 반사코팅층은 알루미늄(Al), 은(Ag), 또는 금(Au)을 증착하여 이루어진 반사막 및 상기 반사막의 표면에 크롬(Cr)을 증착하여 형성된 크롬 반사막으로 이루어질 수 있다.In addition, the reflective coating layer may include a reflective film formed by depositing aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), or gold (Au) and a chromium reflective film formed by depositing chromium (Cr) on the surface of the reflective film.
본 발명에 따른 제조방법을 적용하면 고품질의 AR 광학 엔진에 적용할 수 있는 핀미러 렌즈를 제조하는 효과를 달성할 수 있다.Applying the manufacturing method according to the present invention can achieve the effect of manufacturing a pin mirror lens applicable to a high-quality AR optical engine.
도 1은 본 발명의 렌즈를 제조하기 위한 사출 공정 순서도이다.
도 2는 핀미러 렌즈의 접합 구조를 나타낸 예시도이다.
도 3은 반사코팅층의 재질에 따른 반사율을 측정한 결과이다.1 is a flow chart of an injection process for manufacturing a lens of the present invention.
2 is an exemplary view showing a bonding structure of a pin mirror lens.
3 is a result of measuring the reflectance according to the material of the reflective coating layer.
이하 본 발명을 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
본 발명에 따른 핀미러 렌즈의 제조방법은 렌즈 재료를 용융 및 사출 성형하여 핀미러 렌즈를 제조하는 단계, 상기 핀미러 렌즈의 표면에 반사코팅층을 형성하는 단계, 상기 핀미러 렌즈의 표면에 후공정 코팅을 하는 단계, 상기 핀미러 렌즈를 접합하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.A method for manufacturing a pin mirror lens according to the present invention comprises the steps of manufacturing a pin mirror lens by melting and injection molding a lens material, forming a reflective coating layer on the surface of the pin mirror lens, and post-processing on the surface of the pin mirror lens. It is characterized in that it comprises the step of coating, and the step of bonding the pin mirror lens.
상기 핀미러 렌즈는 핀 구조의 형성을 위하여 상부와 하부로 나누어 사출성형한 후 이를 접합하는 공정에 의해 제조된다.The pin mirror lens is manufactured by a process of bonding the upper and lower parts after injection molding to form a pin structure.
도 1을 참조하여 상기 렌즈 재료를 용용 및 사출 성형하여 핀미러 렌즈를 제조하는 단계를 설명하면 다음과 같다.Referring to FIG. 1, steps for manufacturing a pin mirror lens by melting and injection molding the lens material are as follows.
먼저 금형이 닫힌 상태(도 1(a))에서 금형 내에 용융된 렌즈 재료를 주입하여 채운다(도 1(b)). 상기 금형을 냉각하여 상기 주입된 렌즈 재료를 경화시키고(도 1(c)), 상기 금형을 개방하며(도 1(d)), 상기 금형을 가열하면 제조된 핀미러 렌즈가 이형된다(도 1(e)). 이후 가열된 금형을 닫아 도 1(a)의 상태를 만들고 다시 렌즈를 제조하는 공정을 반복 수행하게 된다.First, with the mold closed (FIG. 1(a)), the mold is filled with molten lens material (FIG. 1(b)). The mold is cooled to harden the injected lens material (FIG. 1(c)), the mold is opened (FIG. 1(d)), and the manufactured pin mirror lens is released by heating the mold (FIG. 1(d)). (e)). Thereafter, the heated mold is closed to make the state of FIG. 1 (a), and the process of manufacturing the lens is repeated again.
상기 핀미러 렌즈는 높은 가공 정밀도가 요구되기 때문에 렌즈 재료의 선택과 이형성을 고려한 금형 재질 및 설계가 필수적이다. 또한, 상기 압출 성형에 의해 제조된 렌즈는 상부와 하부로 나뉘어 있기 때문에 도 2에서와 같이 상부와 하부를 접합해야 하며, 이 경우 투과성, 접착력, 및 신뢰성이 요구된다.Since the pin mirror lens requires high processing precision, it is essential to select a lens material and design a mold material considering releasability. In addition, since the lens manufactured by the extrusion molding is divided into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part and the lower part must be joined as shown in FIG. 2, and in this case, permeability, adhesion, and reliability are required.
상기 렌즈 재료로는 사이클로올레핀 고분자(cyclo olefin polymer: COP)나 유리를 사용할 수 있다. 이러한 예로는 Zeonex사의 E48R을 들 수 있는데, 상기 ER48R은 유리전이온도가 139℃로서 용융 수지 온도가 265 내지 295℃이며, 성형 온도가 95 내지 135℃이므로 본 발명의 제조방법을 적용할 때 적합한 소재인 것으로 나타났다. As the lens material, cyclo olefin polymer (COP) or glass may be used. An example of this is Zeonex's E48R, which has a glass transition temperature of 139 ° C, a melt temperature of 265 to 295 ° C, and a molding temperature of 95 to 135 ° C. appeared to be
또한, 렌즈의 가공성 및 표면 거칠기를 감소시키기 위하여 상기 사이클로올레핀 고분자에 폴리카보네이트를 혼합하면 표면 성질이 향상되는 것으로 나타났다. 예를 들어, E48R(사이클로올레핀 고분자)을 용융 및 사출성형하여 제조된 렌즈와 E48R(사이클로올레핀 고분자) 및 Teijin사의 L-1250Z100(폴리카보네이트)를 6:1의 중량비로 배합한 혼합 수지를 용융I 및 사출성형하여 제조된 렌즈를 비교하면 전자의 경우 표면 거칠기가 10㎚ 이하였으나, 후자의 경우 표면 거칠기가 7㎚ 이하로서 표면 거칠기가 향상되는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 후속 공정은 반사코팅층 형성 및 후공정에 따른 핀 미러 렌즈의 물성을 향상시키는 결과로 이어지는 것으로 나타났다.In addition, it was found that surface properties were improved when polycarbonate was mixed with the cycloolefin polymer in order to reduce processability and surface roughness of the lens. For example, a lens manufactured by melting and injection molding E48R (cycloolefin polymer) and a mixed resin containing E48R (cycloolefin polymer) and Teijin's L-1250Z100 (polycarbonate) at a weight ratio of 6:1 are melted. Comparing the lenses manufactured by injection molding, the former had a surface roughness of 10 nm or less, but the latter had a surface roughness of 7 nm or less, indicating that the surface roughness was improved. It was found that the subsequent process leads to the formation of the reflective coating layer and the improvement of the physical properties of the pin mirror lens according to the post process.
또한, 본 발명에서 상기 렌즈 재료를 이용한 렌즈 성형 공정은 금형의 재질에 따라서도 렌즈의 제조 효율을 향상시킬 수 있다. 이러한 금형으로는 플라스틱 금형강을 사용할 수 있다. 구체적으로 몰드를 형성하는 플레이트로 탄소강인 SM45C를 사용하고, 몰드 베이스로 플라스틱 금형강인 HP1-A , HP-4A, HP-4MA 중 어느 하나를 사용하고, 코어의 소재로는 XPM, stavax, P20, STD61, moldmax 중 어느 하나를 사용하여 금형을 제조하면 상기 렌즈 재료의 성형 및 이형 과정에서의 불량을 최소화할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.In addition, the lens molding process using the lens material in the present invention can improve the manufacturing efficiency of the lens depending on the material of the mold. As such a mold, plastic mold steel can be used. Specifically, carbon steel SM45C is used as a plate forming the mold, and one of plastic mold steels HP1-A, HP-4A, and HP-4MA is used as the mold base, and XPM, stavax, P20, It was found that if a mold was manufactured using either STD61 or moldmax, defects in the process of molding and releasing the lens material could be minimized.
상기 금형을 제조하는 방법은 금형 코어의 설계, 금형 코어 가공, 제조된 금형의 형상 값을 확인하고 형상을 보정, 제조된 금형 코어의 표면 코팅 처리를 통해 제조할 수 있다. 이때, 상기 금형 코어의 초정밀 가공을 위하여 DTM(diamond trunning machine)을 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. 또한, 상기 금형의 형상정도 및 표면조도는 FTS 및 UA3P 등의 분석장치를 이용하여 분석하며 목적하는 값에 미치지 못할 경우 상기 형상 보정을 통해 금형의 품질을 향상시킬 수 있다. 또한, 상기 금형 코어에 코팅 처리함으로써 이형막을 형성하는데, 상기 렌즈 재료를 사용하는 경우 금형에 융착되거나 쿠모리 현상 등의 불량이 발생하지 않는 것으로 나타났다.The method of manufacturing the mold can be manufactured through designing the mold core, processing the mold core, checking the shape value of the manufactured mold, correcting the shape, and processing the surface of the manufactured mold core. At this time, it is preferable to use a diamond trunning machine (DTM) for ultra-precision processing of the mold core. In addition, the shape degree and surface roughness of the mold are analyzed using analysis devices such as FTS and UA3P, and if they do not reach the desired value, the quality of the mold can be improved through the shape correction. In addition, a release film is formed by coating the mold core, and when the lens material is used, it was found that defects such as fusion to the mold or Kumori phenomenon do not occur.
본 발명의 제조방법에 적용되는 탄화텅스텐 재질의 몰드에 대한 성형성을 평가한 결과 이형 반응성이 양호하고 내부결함이 관찰되지 않아 우수한 물성을 가지는 것으로 나타났다.As a result of evaluating the formability of the mold made of tungsten carbide applied to the manufacturing method of the present invention, it was found that the mold release reactivity was good and internal defects were not observed, so that it had excellent physical properties.
본 발명의 제조방법에 의해 제조된 핀미러 렌즈는 초고화질(4K) 영상 표시 장치에 대응 가능하며 경소형, 고화각, 고분해능, 고투과율의 광학 엔진에 적용되어야 하며, 구체적으로 본 발명에 따라 제조된 핀미러 렌즈를 적용하는 경우 광학 엔진의 시야각이 80° 이상, 4K 해상도 지원이 가능하며, 외부광 투과도가 80% 이상이고 각해상도가 45 PPD 이상이며, 투시영상 비점수차가 0.125 이하이고, 가상영상 색 외곡 CIExy가 0.1 이하인 광학 엔진을 얻을 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 이러한 핀미러 렌즈는 미러 형상정밀도가 5㎛ 이하고 매우 정밀한 가공이 가능한 것으로 나타났다.The pin mirror lens manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention can correspond to an ultra-high definition (4K) image display device and should be applied to an optical engine with a small size, high angle of view, high resolution, and high transmittance. Specifically, manufactured according to the present invention If a pin mirror lens is applied, the viewing angle of the optical engine is 80° or more, 4K resolution is supported, the external light transmittance is 80% or more, the angular resolution is 45 PPD or more, the astigmatism of the fluoroscopic image is 0.125 or less, and the virtual It was shown that an optical engine with an image color distortion CIExy of 0.1 or less can be obtained. In addition, such a pin mirror lens has a mirror shape accuracy of 5 μm or less, and very precise processing is possible.
상기 압출 성형에 의해 제조된 핀미러 렌즈는 표면에 반사코팅층을 형성해야 하는데, 상기 반사코팅층은 알루미늄(Al), 은(Ag), 또는 금(Au)으로 이루어진 반사막을 증착하여 형성될 수 있다. 특히, 가시광 반사율을 높일 수 있도록 상기 반사막을 증착한 후 표면에 크롬(Cr) 반사막을 증착할 수 있다.The pin mirror lens manufactured by the extrusion molding should form a reflective coating layer on the surface, and the reflective coating layer may be formed by depositing a reflective film made of aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), or gold (Au). In particular, a chromium (Cr) reflective film may be deposited on the surface after depositing the reflective film to increase the visible light reflectance.
구체적으로 상기 반사코팅층은 5 내지 20㎚ 두께의 반사막을 증착하여 형성한 후 상기 반사막의 표면에 5 내지 10㎚ 두께의 크롬 반사막을 증착하여 형성할 수 있다. 이러한 반사코팅층의 형성을 통해 반사율을 높일 수 있다.Specifically, the reflective coating layer may be formed by depositing a reflective film having a thickness of 5 to 20 nm and then depositing a chromium reflective film having a thickness of 5 to 10 nm on the surface of the reflective film. Through the formation of such a reflective coating layer, reflectance can be increased.
알루미늄, 은, 금을 증착하여 평균 10㎚ 두께의 반사막을 형성한 후 표면에 다시 평균 5㎚ 두께의 크롬 반사막을 형성하여 하고 반사코팅층을 형성한 후 각각의 반사코팅층에 대한 내부 반사율을 측정한 결과는 도 3과 같다. 도 3의 결과를 살펴보면, 알루미늄-크롬을 증착하는 경우 200㎚에서 5㎛의 넓은 파장대에서 높은 반사율을 나타내었다. 반면, 은-크롬과 금-크롬을 증착한 경우 각각 500, 600㎚ 이상의 파장대에서 높은 반사율을 나타내었다. 따라서 광대역에서의 반사율을 확보하기 위해서는 알루미늄-크롬을 증착하여 반사코팅층을 형성하는 것이 가장 바람직한 것으로 나타났으며, 높은 파장대에서의 반사율을 확보하는 용도로 은-크롬이나 금-크롬을 증착하여 반사코팅층을 형성할 수도 있는 것으로 나타났다.After depositing aluminum, silver, and gold to form a reflective film with an average thickness of 10 nm, a chromium reflective film with an average thickness of 5 nm was formed on the surface, and after forming a reflective coating layer, the internal reflectance of each reflective coating layer was measured. is the same as in FIG. 3. Looking at the results of FIG. 3, when aluminum-chrome was deposited, high reflectance was exhibited in a wide wavelength range of 200 nm to 5 μm. On the other hand, when silver-chrome and gold-chrome were deposited, high reflectance was exhibited in the wavelength range of 500 and 600 nm or more, respectively. Therefore, in order to secure the reflectance in a broadband, it was found that it is most desirable to form a reflective coating layer by depositing aluminum-chrome, and to secure reflectance in a high wavelength band, silver-chrome or gold-chrome is deposited to form a reflective coating layer. has been shown to be able to form
상기 핀미러 렌즈의 표면에 상기 반사코팅층을 형성한 후에 상기 핀미러 렌즈의 표면에 후공정 코팅을 할 수 있다. 상기 후공정 코팅은 이온빔을 이용한 광학 코팅으로서 가시광 영역의 투과를 1% 이하로 줄여 핀미러 렌즈의 효율을 크게 향상시킬 수 있다. 또한, 상기 후공정 코팅에서 김서림 방지(anti-fog) 코팅 처리를 하여 외부 환경에 따른 광학 특성의 저하가 없는 핀미러 렌즈를 제조할 수도 있다.After forming the reflective coating layer on the surface of the pin mirror lens, post-coating may be performed on the surface of the pin mirror lens. The post-process coating is an optical coating using an ion beam, and can significantly improve the efficiency of the pin mirror lens by reducing transmission in the visible light region to 1% or less. In addition, anti-fog coating treatment may be performed in the post-coating process to manufacture a pin mirror lens having no deterioration in optical characteristics due to an external environment.
상기 후공정 코팅을 마친 상기 핀미러 렌즈는 도 2에서와 같이 렌즈 상부와 하부로 나뉘어 제작되는데, 이는 사출 성형에 의해 핀홀을 제조하기 곤란하기 때문이다. 상기 렌즈 상부 및 하부를 접합함으로써 핀홀이 형성된 핀미러 렌즈가 완성되는데, 이때 접합부위의 접착력뿐만 아니라 접합부위에서의 투과성이 확보되어야 한다. 따라서 상기 접합공정은 UV 경화형 접착제를 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. 이러한 UV 경화형 접착제로는 Norland Optical Adhesive와 같은 시판되는 제품을 사용할 수 있다.The pin mirror lens after the post-coating process is manufactured by dividing the lens upper and lower parts as shown in FIG. 2, because it is difficult to manufacture a pinhole by injection molding. By bonding the upper and lower parts of the lens, a pin mirror lens having a pinhole is completed. At this time, not only the adhesive strength of the bonding area but also the permeability of the bonding area must be secured. Therefore, it is preferable to use a UV curable adhesive in the bonding process. A commercially available product such as Norland Optical Adhesive can be used as such a UV curable adhesive.
본 발명 제조방법에 의해 제조된 핀미러 렌즈를 적용한 광학 엔진은 증강현실을 구현하기 위한 광학계에서 요구되는 성능수준을 모두 충족하여 다양한 형태의 증강현실 디바이스에 적용할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 성능수준은 다음과 같이 정의된다.It was found that the optical engine applying the pin mirror lens manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention can be applied to various types of augmented reality devices by satisfying all the performance levels required in the optical system for realizing augmented reality. These performance levels are defined as:
먼저, 시야각은 화면의 정면 중심에서 사용자가 가상화면 영상을 바라볼 때 사용자의 눈과 가상화면의 상하좌우 끝점에 해당하는 곳이 이루는 각도로서 가로, 세로, 그리고 대각선 방향의 각도를 측정하여 구한다.First, the viewing angle is an angle between the user's eyes and the top, bottom, left, and right endpoints of the virtual screen when the user looks at the virtual screen image from the front center of the screen, and is obtained by measuring angles in horizontal, vertical, and diagonal directions.
또한, 해상도는 디스플레이의 표현의 세밀함 정도를 나타내는 지표로서, 화면의 가로, 세로에 배치된 픽셀(Pixel)의 개수로 결정한다.In addition, the resolution is an index indicating the degree of detail of the expression of the display, and is determined by the number of pixels arranged horizontally and vertically on the screen.
또한, 외부광 투과도는 렌즈에 입사한 투과광의 강도를 입사광의 강도로 나눈 값으로 구한다.In addition, the external light transmittance is obtained by dividing the intensity of the transmitted light incident on the lens by the intensity of the incident light.
또한, 광학계의 무게는 광학렌즈, 광원 및 이를 지지하는 구조물을 포함하는 광학계 전체 무게, 단안 기준으로 정한다.In addition, the weight of the optical system is determined based on the total weight of the optical system including the optical lens, the light source and the structure supporting it, and the monocular standard.
또한, 각해상도는 화면 중심부 가로 방향 기준 시야각 10도안에서 관찰되는 픽셀 숫자를 10으로 나눈 값으로 구한다.In addition, the angular resolution is obtained by dividing the number of pixels observed within a viewing angle of 10 degrees in the horizontal direction of the center of the screen by 10.
또한, 투시영상 비점수차는 증강현실 렌즈의 왜곡으로 인하여 관찰되는 현실 영상의 수직 방향 및 수평 방향 굴절력 차이로부터 구한다.In addition, the astigmatism of the perspective image is obtained from the difference in refractive power in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the real image observed due to the distortion of the augmented reality lens.
또한, 가상영상 색 왜곡은 패널의 기준 위치에서 측정된 흰 상자 영역의 CIE 1931 색좌표와 이에 상응하는 가상 영상의 기준 위치에서 측정된 영상의 색좌표 차이로부터 구한다.In addition, the virtual image color distortion is obtained from the difference between the CIE 1931 color coordinates of the white box area measured at the reference position of the panel and the color coordinates of the image measured at the corresponding reference position of the virtual image.
또한, 미러 형상정밀도는 렌즈 핀미러 형상이 설계와 벗어난 정도로부터 구한다.In addition, the mirror shape accuracy is obtained from the extent to which the lens pin mirror shape deviate from the design.
또한, PMD 측정정밀도/측정시간은 시료 표면에 문양을 형성하지 않고 반사된 문양의 변형을 측정하는 위상 측정 편향법을 통한 측정 정밀도 및 측정시간으로부터 구한다.In addition, the PMD measurement accuracy/measurement time is obtained from the measurement accuracy and measurement time through the phase measurement deflection method that measures the deformation of the reflected pattern without forming a pattern on the sample surface.
이러한 성능지표를 바탕으로 SMPTE (영화/텔레비전 기술자 협회)권장 HDTV의 시야각 30도 및 고품질영화 장비 전문 기업인 THX사의 권장기준 시야각 36도의 영상을 두부 및 안구의 가로방향 회전 범위 약 100도 이내에서 관찰할 수 있는 조건에서 시야각을 측정할 때 카메라 시스템의 동공을 아이릴리프를 기준으로 회전시킬 때, 가상 영상의 수평 및 수직 가장자리를 보게되는 상하 좌우 회전 각도를 측정하여 수직, 수평 시야각으로 정의하고 측정된 수직, 수평 시야각을 피타고라스 정리를 통해 대각 시야각으로 환산. 카메라의 초점 거리는 가상 영상의 초점거리로 고정. 카메라의 화각은 2도 이상의 시야각을 구현할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.Based on these performance indicators, images with a viewing angle of 30 degrees for HDTVs recommended by SMPTE (Association of Motion Picture and Television Engineers) and 36 degrees recommended by THX, a company specializing in high-quality movie equipment, can be observed within about 100 degrees of horizontal rotation of the head and eyes. When measuring the angle of view under possible conditions, when the pupil of the camera system is rotated based on the eye relief, the vertical and horizontal angles of rotation at which the horizontal and vertical edges of the virtual image are viewed are measured, defined as vertical and horizontal angles of view, and the measured vertical , Converting the horizontal viewing angle to the diagonal viewing angle through the Pythagorean theorem. The focal length of the camera is fixed to the focal length of the virtual image. It was found that the angle of view of the camera can implement a viewing angle of more than 2 degrees.
또한, 상기 시야각에서 45 PPD이상의 각해상도를 갖는 고화질 영상을 제공하기 위한 최소 화소 숫자를 통해 해상도를 측정한 결과 해상도가 우수한 것으로 나타났다.In addition, as a result of measuring the resolution through the minimum number of pixels to provide a high-quality image having an angular resolution of 45 PPD or more at the viewing angle, it was found that the resolution was excellent.
또한, 0.75 이상의 정상시력을 가진 사람이 인지 가능한 최소 각해상도 값을 얻을 수 있으며, 증강현실 렌즈의 왜곡으로 인하여 관찰되는 현실 영상의 수직 방향 및 수평 방향 굴절력 차이로부터 투시영상 비점수차를 구할 때 양호한 광학 특성을 나타내었다.In addition, the minimum angular resolution value perceptible by a person with normal vision of 0.75 or more can be obtained, and when obtaining the astigmatism of the fluoroscopic image from the difference in refractive power in the vertical and horizontal directions of the real image observed due to the distortion of the augmented reality lens, good optics characteristics were shown.
또한, 패널의 기준 위치에서 측정된 흰 상자 영역의 CIE 1931 색좌표와 이에 상응하는 가상 영상의 기준 위치에서 측정된 영상의 색좌표 차이를 통해 가상영상 색 왜곡을 측정한 결과로부터도 양호한 광학 특성을 확인하였다.In addition, good optical properties were also confirmed from the result of measuring the color distortion of the virtual image through the difference between the CIE 1931 color coordinates of the white box area measured at the reference position of the panel and the color coordinates of the image measured at the reference position of the corresponding virtual image. .
이상에서 설명한 본 발명은 전술한 실시예에 의해 한정되는 것은 아니고, 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서 여러 가지 치환, 변형 및 변경이 가능함은 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 명백한 것이다.The present invention described above is not limited by the above-described embodiments, and various substitutions, modifications, and changes are possible within the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention, which is common knowledge in the art to which the present invention belongs it is obvious to you
Claims (3)
상기 렌즈 상부 및 렌즈 하부의 표면에 반사코팅층을 형성하는 단계;
상기 렌즈 상부 및 렌즈 하부의 표면에 후공정 코팅을 하는 단계;
상기 렌즈 상부 및 렌즈 하부를 접합하여 핀미러 렌즈를 형성하는 단계;
를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 핀미러 렌즈의 제조방법.
manufacturing a lens upper part and a lower lens part by melting and injection molding a lens material;
Forming a reflective coating layer on the upper and lower surfaces of the lens;
Applying a post-process coating to the upper and lower surfaces of the lens;
bonding the upper lens and the lower lens to form a pin mirror lens;
Method for manufacturing a pin mirror lens comprising a.
상기 렌즈 재료는 사이클로올레핀 고분자(cyclo olefin polymer: COP)나 유리인 것을 특징으로 하는 핀미러 렌즈의 제조방법.
The method of claim 1,
The method of manufacturing a pin mirror lens, characterized in that the lens material is a cyclo olefin polymer (COP) or glass.
상기 반사코팅층은 알루미늄(Al), 은(Ag), 또는 금(Au)을 증착하여 이루어진 반사막 및 상기 반사막의 표면에 크롬(Cr)을 증착하여 형성된 크롬 반사막으로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 핀미러 렌즈의 제조방법.The method of claim 1,
The reflective coating layer is formed of a reflective film formed by depositing aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), or gold (Au) and a chromium reflective film formed by depositing chromium (Cr) on the surface of the reflective film. Of the pin mirror lens, characterized in that manufacturing method.
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