KR20230097320A - A transport tray made of biodegradable plastic - Google Patents
A transport tray made of biodegradable plastic Download PDFInfo
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- KR20230097320A KR20230097320A KR1020210186708A KR20210186708A KR20230097320A KR 20230097320 A KR20230097320 A KR 20230097320A KR 1020210186708 A KR1020210186708 A KR 1020210186708A KR 20210186708 A KR20210186708 A KR 20210186708A KR 20230097320 A KR20230097320 A KR 20230097320A
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- chitosan
- biodegradable
- biodegradable plastic
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- 229920000704 biodegradable plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N linoleic acid group Chemical class C(CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC)(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002889 oleic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 abstract description 35
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 241000238424 Crustacea Species 0.000 description 11
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 229920006167 biodegradable resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229920002988 biodegradable polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004621 biodegradable polymer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000331 Polyhydroxybutyrate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005015 poly(hydroxybutyrate) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000218 poly(hydroxyvalerate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003232 aliphatic polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920003174 cellulose-based polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0006—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid
- C08B37/0024—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid beta-D-Glucans; (beta-1,3)-D-Glucans, e.g. paramylon, coriolan, sclerotan, pachyman, callose, scleroglucan, schizophyllan, laminaran, lentinan or curdlan; (beta-1,6)-D-Glucans, e.g. pustulan; (beta-1,4)-D-Glucans; (beta-1,3)(beta-1,4)-D-Glucans, e.g. lichenan; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0027—2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-glucans; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/003—Chitin, i.e. 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-(beta-1,4)-D-glucan or N-acetyl-beta-1,4-D-glucosamine; Chitosan, i.e. deacetylated product of chitin or (beta-1,4)-D-glucosamine; Derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L5/00—Compositions of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08L1/00 or C08L3/00
- C08L5/08—Chitin; Chondroitin sulfate; Hyaluronic acid; Derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 생분해성 플라스틱에 대한 것으로 보다 구체적으로는 화학수지 원료 중 일부를 천연 고분자 물질로 대체하는데, 상기 천연 고분자 물질을 키토산추출물이 아니라 키토산을 추출하고 버려지는 산업폐기물을 재가공한 키토산폐기물분말을 이용함으로써 생분해 능력이 뛰어나고, 가격이 저렴하면서도 기계적, 열적 특성이 뛰어나며, 자연상태에서 유해물질을 발생함이 없이 생분해되는 생분해성 플라스틱으로 제조된 플라스틱제품, 상세하게는 운반용 트레이 제작을 제공하는 것이다.The present invention relates to biodegradable plastics, and more specifically, replaces some of the chemical resin raw materials with natural polymeric materials. The natural polymeric material is not chitosan extract, but chitosan is extracted and discarded industrial waste is reprocessed to produce chitosan waste powder. To provide a plastic product made of biodegradable plastic, which has excellent biodegradability, low price, excellent mechanical and thermal properties, and is biodegradable without generating harmful substances in a natural state, in particular, the production of a transport tray.
Description
본 발명은 생분해성 플라스틱에 대한 것으로 보다 구체적으로는 화학수지 원료 중 일부를 천연 고분자 물질로 대체하는데, 상기 천연 고분자 물질을 키토산추출물이 아니라 키토산을 추출하고 버려지는 산업폐기물을 재가공한 키토산폐기물분말을 이용함으로써 생분해 능력이 뛰어나고, 가격이 저렴하면서도 기계적, 열적 특성이 뛰어나며, 자연상태에서 유해물질을 발생함이 없이 생분해되는 생분해성 플라스틱에 대한 것이다.The present invention relates to biodegradable plastics, and more specifically, replaces some of the chemical resin raw materials with natural polymeric materials. The natural polymeric material is not chitosan extract, but chitosan is extracted and discarded industrial waste is reprocessed to produce chitosan waste powder. The present invention relates to biodegradable plastics that have excellent biodegradability, are inexpensive, have excellent mechanical and thermal properties, and are biodegradable without generating harmful substances in a natural state.
최근 들어, 플라스틱 폐기물에 의한 환경오염을 방지 관점에서, 세계 각국의 주요 연구 기관이나 기업에 의해 많은 종류의 생분해성 플라스틱 또는 필름에 대한 연구가 이루어지고 있으며, 이들 중 일부는 이미 실용화 단계에 접어든 예도 있다. 일반적으로 생분해성 고분자로 상업화되어 있는 생분해성 플라스틱들은 크게 보면, 화학적인 합성에 의해 인공적으로 제조되는 화학 합성 생분해성 플라스틱과 자연계에 존재하는 천연 고분자 물질들이 있는데, 모두 가격 측면에서 고가이다. 화학적인 합성법에 의해 생분해성을 갖는 물질은 지방족 폴리 에스테르계 생분해성 플라스틱이 가장 대표적이다. 그러나 화학합성 생분해성 고분자도 생분해성은 있지만 기존 범용 플라스틱인 폴리에틸렌 등과 비교해 볼 때 가격이 6∼7배 정도로서 아직까지 고가이다. 따라서 환경 친화적인 측면뿐만 아니라 사업적인 측면을 고려할 때 생분해성 고분자의 가격을 기존 플라스틱 가격으로 낮추어야 하는 실정이다. 그러나 이들 화학 합성 생분해성 플라스틱들은, 그간의 수많은 노력에도 불구하고, 본격적으로 수지 재료로서 이용하기에는 극복되어야 할 점들이 많다. 즉, 낮은 기계적 물성과 열적 안정성, 천연 고분자 물질에 비해 낮은 생분해성, 그리고, 비록 대량생산이 가능하지만 높은 원료 가로 인해서 기존의 범용성 수지에 비해 최소 7∼8배 이상인 제조 원가 등 향후의 전망이 그리 밝지 않다. 천연의 고분자 물질들 중에서 수지 재료로서의 이용이 유망한 것은 유형별로 각각 3∼4종류가 있다. 이들을 생성원에 따라 간략히 분류해 보면, 미생물 유래 폴리머인 PHB (polyhydroxybutyrate), PHV (polyhydroxyvalerate)와 식물유래 폴리머인 스타치(Starch), 리그닌(Lignin), 및 동물 유래 폴리머인 키틴-키토산(Chitin-Chitosan) 등이 있다. 그러나 현재 이용되고 있는 이와 같은 범주의 키토산 용도는 키토산이 가지고 있는 기능적 가능성 중 생체적합성이나 분해성 등 극히 일부만을 실용화한 것으로서, 키토산의 우수한 기계적 성능을 이용하지는 못하고 있다. 그 이유는 키토산(chitosan)이 수십만-수백만에 이르는 고분자량의 셀룰로스(cellulose)계 고분자 유도체로서, 키토산에 의해 제조된 필름이나 성형품의 물성은 기존의 합성 고분자 물질들과 비교하여 최상위 수준이나, 융점이 없고, 산성 수용액에만 용해되고, 더욱이 거의 유일한 용제인 초산 수용액에서 조차 용해성이 그다지 좋지 못하기 때문이다. 이와 같은 이유로 현재까지 천연의 키틴으로부터 탈아세틸 처리된 그대로의 분말 형태 또는 필름이나 파이버 형태로 밖에 이용되지 못하고 그 이외의 형태 특히 구조재로서의 이용이 불가능하다는 문제가 있다.Recently, from the viewpoint of preventing environmental pollution caused by plastic waste, research on many types of biodegradable plastics or films has been conducted by major research institutes or companies around the world, and some of these have already entered the commercialization stage. Yes. In general, biodegradable plastics commercialized as biodegradable polymers include chemically synthesized biodegradable plastics artificially manufactured by chemical synthesis and natural polymers existing in nature, both of which are expensive in terms of price. As for materials having biodegradability by chemical synthesis, aliphatic polyester-based biodegradable plastics are the most representative. However, although chemically synthesized biodegradable polymers have biodegradability, they are still expensive, about 6 to 7 times more expensive than polyethylene, which is a general-purpose plastic. Therefore, considering the business aspect as well as the environmentally friendly aspect, the price of the biodegradable polymer has to be lowered to the price of the conventional plastic. However, these chemically synthesized biodegradable plastics, despite numerous efforts so far, have many points to be overcome to be used as resin materials in earnest. In other words, low mechanical properties and thermal stability, low biodegradability compared to natural polymer materials, and, although mass production is possible, the future prospects are not very promising due to the high raw material cost, which is at least 7 to 8 times higher than conventional general-purpose resins. not bright Among the natural polymer materials, there are 3 to 4 types of materials that are promising for use as resin materials. If we briefly classify them according to their production sources, PHB (polyhydroxybutyrate) and PHV (polyhydroxyvalerate), which are microbial-derived polymers, starch and lignin, which are plant-derived polymers, and chitin-chitosan, which are animal-derived polymers. Chitosan) and others. However, the use of chitosan in this category currently being used is only a small part of the functional potential of chitosan, such as biocompatibility and degradability, and does not utilize the excellent mechanical performance of chitosan. The reason is that chitosan is a cellulose-based polymer derivative with a high molecular weight ranging from hundreds of thousands to millions, and the physical properties of films or molded products made of chitosan are the highest level compared to existing synthetic polymer materials, but the melting point This is because it is soluble only in acidic aqueous solutions and, moreover, has poor solubility even in aqueous acetic acid, which is almost the only solvent. For this reason, there is a problem that until now it has been used only in the form of a powder or film or fiber as it is deacetylated from natural chitin, and it is impossible to use it in other forms, especially as a structural material.
이에, 본 발명의 목적은 상기와 같은 종래 기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로서, 화학수지 원료 중 일부를 천연 고분자 물질로 대체함에 있어 키토산추출물이 아니라 키토산을 추출하고 버려지는 산업폐기물을 재가공한 키토산폐기물분말을 이용함으로써 가격이 저렴하면서도 물성 및 생분해능력이 우수한 생분해성 플라스틱을 대량으로 제공하는 것이다. 본 발명의 다른 목적은 키토산 폐기물 분말과 수지가 컴파운딩된 생분해성 플라스틱 조성물을 제공하는 것이다. 본 발명의 또 다른 목적은 분해 시 유해 물질 발생이 거의 없고, 기계적, 열적특성이 우수한 생분해성 플라스틱으로 제조된 운반용 트레이 제조방법을 제공하는 것이다.Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, and in replacing some of the chemical resin raw materials with natural polymeric materials, chitosan extract, not chitosan extract, and industrial waste reprocessed chitosan waste By using the powder, a large amount of biodegradable plastic having excellent physical properties and biodegradability while being inexpensive is provided. Another object of the present invention is to provide a biodegradable plastic composition in which chitosan waste powder and resin are compounded. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a transport tray made of biodegradable plastic, which generates little harmful substances during decomposition and has excellent mechanical and thermal properties.
상술한 본 발명의 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명은 미생물에 의한 생분해 및 산화로 자연분해되는 생분해성수지 조성물로서, 수지 100중량부 당 키토산폐기물분말 1-50중량부 및 첨가제 0.001-30 중량부를 포함하는 생분해성 플라스틱 조성물을 제공한다. 본 발명은 생분해성 플라스틱 조성물로 제조되는 것을 특징으로 하는 생분해성 플라스틱 운반용 트레이를 제공한다.In order to achieve the above object of the present invention, the present invention is a biodegradable resin composition that is naturally degraded by biodegradation and oxidation by microorganisms, and contains 1-50 parts by weight of chitosan waste powder and 0.001-30 parts by weight of additives per 100 parts by weight of resin. It provides a biodegradable plastic composition comprising The present invention provides a biodegradable plastic transport tray, characterized in that made of a biodegradable plastic composition.
이상과 같은 본 발명에 따른 생분해성 플라스틱 조성물 및 이를 사용하여 제조되는 생분해성 플라스틱 운반용 트레이는 다음과 같은 효과가 있다. 본 발명의 생분해성 플라스틱 조성물은 일상생활에서 많이 사용되는 플라스틱 운반용 트레이 특히 필름 및 포장용기의 원료로 사용될 수 있으며, 이를 사용하여 제조되는 생분해성 플라스틱 운반용 트레이는 사용 후 폐기 시 토양중의 미생물에 의하여 자동분해가 가능하다. 본 발명의 생분해성 플라스틱 조성물은 산업폐기물인 갑각류 슬러지를 건조, 분쇄한 분말인 키토산 폐기물 분말(키토산, 키틴 및 이들의 유도체를 포함)을 사용하는바, 이는 천연 고분자로서 분해성이 매우 뛰어나고, 합성 고분자에서 우려되는 분해 시의 유해 물질의 발생이 없으며, 기계적, 열적 특성이 매우 우수하다는 탁월한 장점이 있다. 본 발명의 생분해성 플라스틱 조성물은 산업폐기물을 재활용하는 것인바, 종래 생분해성 합성수지는 가격이 기존의 합성수지보다 1.6∼4배 비싼 단점이 있던 것을 개선한 것으로서 생산단가를 30% 이상 절감할 수 있으며, 이에 따라 상기 조성물을 사용하여 제조되는 생분해성 운반용 트레이의 대량생산 체제를 구축할 수 있어 결과적으로는 환경오염을 크게 줄일 수 있다. 본 발명의 생분해성 플라스틱 조성물은 성형성이 우수하고 제조원가도 저렴할 뿐만 아니라, 탄산칼슘 성분이 보강되기 때문에 종래의 수지에 비해 인장강도가 우수하며 특히, 유해균의 증식에 의한 식품의 변질을 억제하는 항균력이 매우 뛰어나다.The biodegradable plastic composition according to the present invention as described above and the biodegradable plastic transport tray manufactured using the same have the following effects. The biodegradable plastic composition of the present invention can be used as a raw material for plastic transport trays, especially films and packaging containers, which are widely used in daily life. Automatic disassembly is possible. The biodegradable plastic composition of the present invention uses chitosan waste powder (including chitosan, chitin and derivatives thereof), which is a powder obtained by drying and pulverizing crustacean sludge, which is industrial waste, and is a natural polymer with excellent degradability and synthetic polymer There is no generation of harmful substances during decomposition, which is a concern in, and excellent mechanical and thermal properties are excellent. The biodegradable plastic composition of the present invention is to recycle industrial waste, and the conventional biodegradable synthetic resin is 1.6 to 4 times more expensive than conventional synthetic resins. Accordingly, a system for mass production of biodegradable transport trays manufactured using the composition can be established, and as a result, environmental pollution can be greatly reduced. The biodegradable plastic composition of the present invention not only has excellent moldability and low manufacturing cost, but also has excellent tensile strength compared to conventional resins because it is reinforced with calcium carbonate, and has antibacterial activity that inhibits deterioration of food caused by proliferation of harmful bacteria. this is very good
본 발명은 상술한 어느 하나의 생분해성 플라스틱 조성물로 제조되는 것을 특징으로 하는 생분해성 플라스틱 운반용 트레이를 제공한다. 본 발명자는 키토산-키틴 등의 천연 고분자들은 분해성이 매우 뛰어나고, 합성 고분자에서 우려되는 분해 시의 유해 물질의 발생이 없으며, 기계적, 열적 특성이 매우 우수하면서도 가격이 매우 고가이며, 대량생산 체제의 구축이 쉽지 않아 범용화하기 어려운 점 및 갑각류에서 키틴/키토산을 제조한 후에 산업폐기물로 버려지는 폐기물에 여전히 키틴/키토산이 다량 함유되어 있다는 사실에 착안하여, 생분해능이 뛰어난 본 발명의 생분해성 플라스틱을 완성시키기에 이르렀다. 본 발명의 미생물에 의한 생분해 및 산화로 자연분해되는 생분해성 플라스틱 조성물은 키틴/키토산 폐기물 분말과 수지 및 첨가제를 포함하여 구성된다. 본 발명에서는 기존제품과 동일한 또는 그 이상의 물성을 유지하면서 폐기 시 토양중의 미생물이나 태양광에 의하여 완전 분해되는 운반용 트레이에 사용가능한 생분해성 플라스틱을 개발하기 위하여, 천연고분자로서 전분보다 분해성이 우수한 키틴/키토산 폐기물 분말을 사용하였다. 일반적으로 키틴은 게, 새우 등 갑각류 절족동물의 외골격과 균류나 해초류 같은 고등식물의 세포벽에 다량 함유되어 있는 물질로 자연에 셀룰로오즈 다음으로 많이 존재하는 천연고분자물질로 게나 새우등을 포함하는 갑각류 외골격을 산과 알카리로 처리하여 추출하며, 키토산은 추출된 키틴을 수산화나트륨 수용액으로 처리하여 탈아세탈화시켜 합성한다. 본 발명에서는 키토산을 추출하고 남은 폐기물, 즉 갑각류 외골격을 염산에 담가서 탄산칼슘을 용출한 뒤 알칼리와 함께 가열하여 단백질을 제거한 침전물을 잘 씻어 건조시켜 키토산을 제조한 후에 산업폐기물로 분류되어 버려지는 산업폐기물인 갑각류 슬러지를 분말로 만들어 사용하였다. 즉, 본 발명에서는 가격이 저렴하면서도 물성 및 생분해능이 우수한 생분해성 플라스틱을 대량으로 제공하기 위하여 갑각류 외골격 등에서 키틴/키토산을 제조한 후에 산업폐기물로 버려지는 갑각류 슬러지를 사용하는 것을 그 기술적 특징으로 한다. 이 때, 키토산을 제조한 후에 산업폐기물로 버려지는 갑각류 슬러지는 수분이 다량 함유되어 있어 그대로는 성형이 불가능하기 때문에 우선, 상기 갑각류 슬러지를 2일 내지 5일 동안 자연 건조시키거나 건조기를 사용하여 30분에서 2시간 정도 건조하여 수분을 95% 이상 제거한 다음 분쇄기나 맷돌 등 공지된 구성의 분쇄기를 사용하여 분말로 만드는 것이 바람직하다. 또한, 분말 입자의 크기는 향후 운반용 트레이 제조 시에 상기 입자가 플라스틱 운반용 트레이 내에서 골고루 분산 분포될 수 있게 하고, 완성된 플라스틱 운반용 트레이가 인장강도를 유지하면서도 용이하게 분해될 수 있도록 하기 위하여, 나노크기에서 밀가루 정도의 고운입자 크기로 하는 것이 바람직하다. 따라서, 본 발명에서 사용되는 키토산 폐기물 분말이란 용어는 갑각류슬러지를 건조한 후 분쇄하여 얻어지는 것으로, 상기 갑각류 슬러지에 잔류하고 있는 키토산, 키틴 및/또는 이들 유도체의 분말을 포함하는 혼합물의 개념으로 해석되어야 한다. 즉 수지, 키토산폐기물분말 및 첨가제를 포함하는 생분해성수지조성물을 통해서도 원하는 물성을 얻을 수는 있으나 상기 키토산폐기물분말이 천연 갈색을 띠고 있어 발생하는 생분해성수지의 착색효과로 인해 다양한 칼라를 표현하는데 제약을 받을 수 있는 문제점을 해결하기 위해 사용되는 것이다. 다시 말해, 키토산폐기물분말 및 첨가제를 포함하는 생분해성수지조성물에 탄산칼슘과 이산화티타늄을 상술한 함량만큼 더 첨가하게 되면 상기 키토산폐기물분말의 착색효과가 제거된 흰색의 생분해성수지를 얻을 수 있으므로, 원하는 색상의 안료를 첨가하여 다양한 칼라를 자유롭게 표현할 수 있다. 따라서 본 발명의 생분해성수지조성물로 만들 수 있는 제품의 디자인을 보다 자유롭게 할 수 있게 된다.The present invention provides a biodegradable plastic transport tray, characterized in that made of any one of the biodegradable plastic composition described above. The present inventors found that natural polymers such as chitosan-chitin are very degradable, do not generate harmful substances during decomposition, which is a concern in synthetic polymers, have excellent mechanical and thermal properties, but are very expensive, and build a mass production system. In view of the fact that it is difficult to generalize because it is not easy and that the waste discarded as industrial waste after producing chitin / chitosan from crustaceans still contains a large amount of chitin / chitosan, to complete the biodegradable plastic of the present invention with excellent biodegradability has reached The biodegradable plastic composition of the present invention, which is naturally degraded by biodegradation and oxidation by microorganisms, includes chitin/chitosan waste powder, resin, and additives. In the present invention, in order to develop a biodegradable plastic that can be used for transport trays that are completely degraded by microorganisms in the soil or sunlight when discarded while maintaining the same or higher physical properties as existing products, chitin, a natural polymer, is more degradable than starch. /Chitosan waste powder was used. In general, chitin is a substance contained in large amounts in the exoskeleton of crustacean arthropods such as crabs and shrimps and in the cell walls of higher plants such as fungi and seaweed. It is extracted by treatment with alkali, and chitosan is synthesized by treating the extracted chitin with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide to deacetalize it. In the present invention, after extracting chitosan, the remaining waste, that is, the crustacean exoskeleton, is immersed in hydrochloric acid to elute calcium carbonate, heated with alkali to remove protein, and the precipitate is washed well and dried to produce chitosan, which is classified as industrial waste and discarded. Crustacean sludge, which is a waste, was made into powder and used. That is, in the present invention, in order to provide a large amount of biodegradable plastic having excellent physical properties and biodegradability at a low price, chitin / chitosan is produced from a crustacean exoskeleton, etc., and then crustacean sludge discarded as industrial waste is used as a technical feature. At this time, since the crustacean sludge discarded as industrial waste after producing chitosan contains a large amount of moisture and cannot be molded as it is, first, the crustacean sludge is naturally dried for 2 to 5 days or 30 It is preferable to remove more than 95% of the moisture by drying in a powder for about 2 hours, and then use a grinder having a known configuration such as a grinder or a millstone to make it into powder. In addition, the size of the powder particles is determined so that the particles can be evenly distributed in the plastic transport tray when manufacturing the transport tray in the future, and the finished plastic transport tray can be easily disassembled while maintaining tensile strength. It is preferable to make the size of a fine particle about the size of wheat flour. Therefore, the term chitosan waste powder used in the present invention is obtained by drying and pulverizing crustacean sludge, and should be interpreted as a concept of a mixture containing chitosan, chitin, and/or powders of these derivatives remaining in the crustacean sludge. . That is, desired physical properties can be obtained through the biodegradable resin composition including resin, chitosan waste powder, and additives, but the chitosan waste powder has a natural brown color and is limited in expressing various colors due to the coloring effect of the biodegradable resin. It is used to solve problems that can be received. In other words, when calcium carbonate and titanium dioxide are added to the biodegradable resin composition including the chitosan waste powder and additives in the above-described amounts, a white biodegradable resin in which the coloring effect of the chitosan waste powder is removed can be obtained. Various colors can be expressed freely by adding pigments of color. Therefore, it is possible to more freely design products that can be made with the biodegradable resin composition of the present invention.
Claims (1)
The autooxidant is biodegradable plastic composition, characterized in that at least one selected from the group consisting of oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid esters, linoleic acid esters, linolenic acid esters, or stearic acid esters.
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