KR20230087387A - Method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving signal in communication system - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving signals in a communication system are disclosed. The intermediate node method includes receiving first control information including an on/off instruction from a base station; and determining whether communication between the base station and the terminal is relayed according to the on/off instruction, and when the on/off instruction indicates on, the communication between the base station and the terminal is relayed, and the on/off instruction is relayed. If the indication indicates off, communication between the base station and the terminal is not relayed.

Description

Method and device for transmitting and receiving signals in a communication system

The present disclosure relates to communication technology, and more particularly, to a technology for transmitting and receiving signals in an intermediate node.

Along with the development of information and communication technology, various wireless communication technologies are being developed. Representative wireless communication technologies include long term evolution (LTE) and new radio (NR), which are defined in the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) standard. LTE may be one wireless communication technology among 4th generation (4G) wireless communication technologies, and NR may be one wireless communication technology among 5th generation (5G) wireless communication technologies.

For the processing of rapidly increasing wireless data after the commercialization of 4G communication systems (eg, communication systems supporting LTE), the frequency band (eg, frequency bands below 6 GHz) of the 4G communication system as well as the 4G communication system A 5G communication system (eg, a communication system supporting NR) using a frequency band higher than the frequency band (eg, a frequency band of 6 GHz or higher) is being considered. The 5G communication system may support eMBB (enhanced Mobile BroadBand), URLLC (Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication), and mMTC (massive machine type communication). Discussion on the 6G communication system after the 5G communication system is in progress.

Meanwhile, an intermediate node for relaying communication between a base station and a terminal may be introduced into a communication system. The intermediate node may receive a signal from the base station and transmit the corresponding signal to the terminal. In addition, the intermediate node may receive a signal from the terminal and transmit the signal to the base station. Depending on the situation of the communication system, a relay operation of an intermediate node may not be required. In this case, methods for controlling the operation of the intermediate node are needed.

An object of the present disclosure to solve the above problems is to provide a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving signals in an intermediate node.

A method of an intermediate node according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure for achieving the above object includes receiving first control information including an on/off instruction from a base station; and determining whether communication between the base station and the terminal is relayed according to the on/off instruction, and when the on/off instruction indicates on, the communication between the base station and the terminal is relayed, and the on/off instruction is relayed. If the indication indicates off, communication between the base station and the terminal is not relayed.

The method of the intermediate node may further include relaying communication between the base station and the terminal when the on/off indication indicates the on, wherein in the relaying of the communication, the first message received from the base station is relayed. An operation of transmitting 1 signal to the terminal, an operation of transmitting a second signal generated at the intermediate node to the terminal, an operation of transmitting a third signal obtained by multiplexing the first signal and the second signal to the terminal, An operation of transmitting the fourth signal received from the terminal to the base station, an operation of transmitting a fifth signal generated at the intermediate node to the base station, or an operation of transmitting a sixth signal obtained by multiplexing the fourth signal and the fifth signal. An operation of transmitting to the base station may be performed.

The on/off instruction may be classified into a DL on/off instruction and a UL on/off instruction, and if the DL on/off instruction indicates DL on, the intermediate node may perform DL communication with the terminal, , If the DL on / off indication indicates DL off, the intermediate node may not perform the DL communication with the terminal, and if the UL on / off indication indicates UL on, the intermediate node may transmit to the base station UL communication may be performed for the base station, and if the UL on/off indication indicates UL off, the intermediate node may not perform the UL communication with the base station.

The first information may further include beam information of the intermediate node used to relay communication between the base station and the terminal.

The DL Rx beam and DL Tx beam of the intermediate node may be independently controlled by the base station.

The method of the intermediate node may further include receiving second control information from the base station, and when the first control information and the second control information are received in the same time interval, the first control information and the second control information may include the same information element, and the same information element may be at least one of the on/off instruction or beam information.

The method of the intermediate node may further include transmitting an ACK for the first control information to the base station.

The SCS of the intermediate node may be greater than or equal to the SCS of the terminal.

The first control information may be reflected in the intermediate node after an application time.

A method of a base station according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure for achieving the above object includes transmitting first control information including an on/off instruction to an intermediate node relaying communication between the base station and a terminal; and performing communication with the terminal according to the on/off instruction, wherein when the on/off instruction indicates on, communication between the base station and the terminal is relayed by the intermediate node, and the on/off instruction If the indication indicates off, communication between the base station and the terminal is performed without relaying the intermediate node.

The first information may further include beam information of the intermediate node used to relay communication between the base station and the terminal.

The DL Rx beam and DL Tx beam of the intermediate node may be independently controlled by the base station.

The method of the base station may further include transmitting second control information to the intermediate node, and when the first control information and the second control information are transmitted in the same time interval, the first control information and the second control information may include the same information element, and the same information element may be at least one of the on/off instruction or beam information.

The method of the base station may further include receiving an ACK for the first control information from the terminal.

An intermediate node according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure for achieving the above object includes a processor, wherein the intermediate node receives first control information including an on/off instruction from the base station; And cause to determine whether to relay the communication between the base station and the terminal according to the on / off instruction, and if the on / off instruction indicates on, the communication between the base station and the terminal is relayed, and the on / off instruction If indicates off, communication between the base station and the terminal is not relayed.

The processor may further cause the intermediate node to relay communication between the base station and the terminal if the on/off indication indicates the on, and when relaying the communication, the first signal received from the base station to the terminal, transmitting the second signal generated at the intermediate node to the terminal, transmitting a third signal obtained by multiplexing the first signal and the second signal to the terminal, the terminal Transmitting the fourth signal received from the base station to the base station, transmitting the fifth signal generated at the intermediate node to the base station, or transmitting a sixth signal obtained by multiplexing the fourth signal and the fifth signal to the base station. The operation of transmitting to can be performed.

The on/off instruction may be classified into a DL on/off instruction and a UL on/off instruction, and if the DL on/off instruction indicates DL on, the intermediate node may perform DL communication with the terminal, , If the DL on / off indication indicates DL off, the intermediate node may not perform the DL communication with the terminal, and if the UL on / off indication indicates UL on, the intermediate node may transmit to the base station UL communication may be performed for the base station, and if the UL on/off indication indicates UL off, the intermediate node may not perform the UL communication with the base station.

The first information may further include beam information of the intermediate node used to relay communication between the base station and the terminal.

The processor may further cause the intermediate node to receive second control information from the base station, and when the first control information and the second control information are received in the same time interval, the first control information and The second control information may include the same information element, and the same information element may be at least one of the on/off instruction or beam information.

The processor may further cause the intermediate node to transmit an ACK for the first control information to the base station.

According to the present disclosure, a base station can control the operation of an intermediate node by transmitting an on/off instruction to the intermediate node. When the on/off indication indicates on, the intermediate node may relay communication between the base station and the terminal. When the on/off indication indicates off, the intermediate node may not relay communication between the base station and the terminal. That is, the operation of the intermediate node may be turned on or off according to the situation of the communication system. Therefore, communication can be efficiently performed in a communication system including an intermediate node.

1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a communication system.
2 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of a communication node constituting a communication system.
3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a control plane of an intermediate node.
4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a data plane of an intermediate node.
5 is a block diagram illustrating a first embodiment of an intermediate node.
6 is a block diagram illustrating a second embodiment of an intermediate node.
7 is a block diagram illustrating a third embodiment of an intermediate node.
8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a signal processing method at an intermediate node.
9 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a second embodiment of a signal processing method in an intermediate node.
10 is a block diagram illustrating a fourth embodiment of an intermediate node.
11 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a common pattern and a UE-specific pattern in a TDD scenario.
12 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a method for processing an RCI format in an intermediate node.
13 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a second embodiment of a method for processing an RCI format in an intermediate node.
14 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a third embodiment of a method for processing an RCI format in an intermediate node.
15 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of transmission power at an intermediate node.
16 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a second embodiment of transmission power at an intermediate node.
17 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a method of deriving a time unit to which a constant amplification gain is applied.

Since the present disclosure can make various changes and have various embodiments, specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail. However, this is not intended to limit the present disclosure to specific embodiments, and should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Terms such as first and second may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. These terms are only used for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, a first element may be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element may be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The term "and/or" includes any combination of a plurality of related listed items or any of a plurality of related listed items.

In embodiments of the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of combinations of one or more of A and B”. Also, in embodiments of the present disclosure, “one or more of A and B” may mean “one or more of A or B” or “one or more of combinations of one or more of A and B”.

It is understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected or connected to the other element, but other elements may exist in the middle. It should be. On the other hand, when an element is referred to as “directly connected” or “directly connected” to another element, it should be understood that no other element exists in the middle.

Terms used in the present disclosure are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present disclosure, terms such as "comprise" or "having" are intended to indicate that there is a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, but one or more other features It should be understood that the presence or addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof is not precluded.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related art, and unless explicitly defined in the present disclosure, they should not be interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal meaning. don't

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail. In order to facilitate overall understanding in describing the present disclosure, the same reference numerals are used for the same components in the drawings, and redundant descriptions of the same components are omitted.

A communication system to which embodiments according to the present disclosure are applied will be described. A communication system to which embodiments according to the present disclosure are applied is not limited to the content described below, and embodiments according to the present disclosure may be applied to various communication systems. Here, the communication system may be used in the same sense as a communication network.

In an embodiment, “setting an operation (eg, transmission operation)” means “setting information for the corresponding operation (eg, information element, parameter)” and/or “performing the corresponding operation”. It may mean that the "instructing information" is signaled. "Setting an information element (eg, parameter)" may mean that a corresponding information element is signaled. Signaling is system information (SI) signaling (eg, system information block (SIB) and / or transmission of MIB (master information block)), RRC signaling (eg, RRC message, RRC parameter, and / or upper layer transmission of parameters), MAC control element (CE) signaling (eg, transmission of MAC messages and/or MAC CE), or PHY signaling (eg, downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), and/or transmission of sidelink control information (SCI).

1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a communication system.

Referring to FIG. 1, a communication system 100 includes a plurality of communication nodes 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2, 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6). In addition, the communication system 100 includes a core network (eg, a serving-gateway (S-GW), a packet data network (PDN)-gateway (P-GW), and a mobility management entity (MME)). can include more. When the communication system 100 is a 5G communication system (eg, a new radio (NR) system), the core network includes an access and mobility management function (AMF), a user plane function (UPF), a session management function (SMF), and the like. can include

The plurality of communication nodes 110 to 130 may support communication protocols (eg, LTE communication protocol, LTE-A communication protocol, NR communication protocol, etc.) defined in the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) standard. The plurality of communication nodes 110 to 130 are CDMA (code division multiple access) technology, WCDMA (wideband CDMA) technology, TDMA (time division multiple access) technology, FDMA (frequency division multiple access) technology, OFDM (orthogonal frequency division) multiplexing) technology, filtered OFDM technology, CP (cyclic prefix)-OFDM technology, DFT-s-OFDM (discrete Fourier transform-spread-OFDM) technology, OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access) technology, SC (single carrier)-FDMA technology, NOMA (Non-orthogonal Multiple Access) technology, GFDM (generalized frequency division multiplexing) technology, FBMC (filter bank multi-carrier) technology, UFMC (universal filtered multi-carrier) technology, SDMA (Space Division Multiple Access) technology, etc. can support Each of the plurality of communication nodes may have the following structure.

2 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of a communication node constituting a communication system.

Referring to FIG. 2 , a communication node 200 may include at least one processor 210, a memory 220, and a transceiver 230 connected to a network to perform communication. In addition, the communication node 200 may further include an input interface device 240, an output interface device 250, a storage device 260, and the like. Each component included in the communication node 200 may be connected by a bus 270 to communicate with each other.

However, each component included in the communication node 200 may be connected through an individual interface or an individual bus centered on the processor 210 instead of the common bus 270 . For example, the processor 210 may be connected to at least one of the memory 220, the transmission/reception device 230, the input interface device 240, the output interface device 250, and the storage device 260 through a dedicated interface. .

The processor 210 may execute a program command stored in at least one of the memory 220 and the storage device 260 . The processor 210 may refer to a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), or a dedicated processor on which methods according to embodiments of the present disclosure are performed. Each of the memory 220 and the storage device 260 may include at least one of a volatile storage medium and a non-volatile storage medium. For example, the memory 220 may include at least one of a read only memory (ROM) and a random access memory (RAM).

Referring back to FIG. 1, the communication system 100 includes a plurality of base stations (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2), a plurality of terminals 130- 1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6). Each of the first base station 110-1, the second base station 110-2, and the third base station 110-3 may form a macro cell. Each of the fourth base station 120-1 and the fifth base station 120-2 may form a small cell. The fourth base station 120-1, the third terminal 130-3, and the fourth terminal 130-4 may belong to the cell coverage of the first base station 110-1. The second terminal 130-2, the fourth terminal 130-4, and the fifth terminal 130-5 may belong to the cell coverage of the second base station 110-2. The fifth base station 120-2, the fourth terminal 130-4, the fifth terminal 130-5, and the sixth terminal 130-6 may belong to the cell coverage of the third base station 110-3. there is. The first terminal 130-1 may belong to the cell coverage of the fourth base station 120-1. The sixth terminal 130-6 may belong to the cell coverage of the fifth base station 120-2.

Here, each of the plurality of base stations 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, and 120-2 is a NodeB (NB), an evolved NodeB (eNB), a gNB, an advanced base station (ABS), and a HR -BS (high reliability-base station), BTS (base transceiver station), radio base station, radio transceiver, access point, access node, radio access station (RAS) ), MMR-BS (mobile multihop relay-base station), RS (relay station), ARS (advanced relay station), HR-RS (high reliability-relay station), HNB (home NodeB), HeNB (home eNodeB), It may be referred to as a road side unit (RSU), a radio remote head (RRH), a transmission point (TP), a transmission and reception point (TRP), and the like.

Each of the plurality of terminals 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, and 130-6 includes user equipment (UE), terminal equipment (TE), advanced mobile station (AMS), HR-MS (high reliability-mobile station), terminal, access terminal, mobile terminal, station, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile It may be referred to as a portable subscriber station, a node, a device, an on board unit (OBU), and the like.

Meanwhile, each of the plurality of base stations 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, and 120-2 may operate in different frequency bands or may operate in the same frequency band. Each of the plurality of base stations 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, and 120-2 may be connected to each other through an ideal backhaul link or a non-ideal backhaul link, and , information can be exchanged with each other through an ideal backhaul link or a non-ideal backhaul link. Each of the plurality of base stations 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, and 120-2 may be connected to the core network through an ideal backhaul link or a non-ideal backhaul link. Each of the plurality of base stations 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, and 120-2 transmits a signal received from the core network to a corresponding terminal 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, and 130 -4, 130-5, 130-6), and signals received from corresponding terminals 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6 are transmitted to the core network can be sent to

In addition, each of the plurality of base stations 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, and 120-2 transmits multi-input multi-output (MIMO) (eg, single user (SU)- MIMO, MU (multi user)-MIMO, massive MIMO, etc.), CoMP (coordinated multipoint) transmission, carrier aggregation (CA) transmission, transmission in unlicensed band, direct communication between devices (device to device communication, D2D) (or proximity services (ProSe)), Internet of Things (IoT) communication, dual connectivity (DC), and the like may be supported. Here, each of the plurality of terminals 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, and 130-6 is a base station 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1 , 120-2) and operations supported by the base stations 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, and 120-2 may be performed. For example, the second base station 110-2 can transmit a signal to the fourth terminal 130-4 based on the SU-MIMO scheme, and the fourth terminal 130-4 uses the SU-MIMO scheme. A signal may be received from the second base station 110-2. Alternatively, the second base station 110-2 may transmit a signal to the fourth terminal 130-4 and the fifth terminal 130-5 based on the MU-MIMO scheme, and the fourth terminal 130-4 And each of the fifth terminal 130-5 may receive a signal from the second base station 110-2 by the MU-MIMO method.

Each of the first base station 110-1, the second base station 110-2, and the third base station 110-3 may transmit a signal to the fourth terminal 130-4 based on the CoMP scheme, and The terminal 130-4 may receive signals from the first base station 110-1, the second base station 110-2, and the third base station 110-3 by CoMP. Each of the plurality of base stations 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, and 120-2 includes a terminal 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, and 130-4 belonging to its own cell coverage. , 130-5, 130-6) and a CA method. Each of the first base station 110-1, the second base station 110-2, and the third base station 110-3 controls D2D between the fourth terminal 130-4 and the fifth terminal 130-5. and each of the fourth terminal 130-4 and the fifth terminal 130-5 may perform D2D under the control of the second base station 110-2 and the third base station 110-3, respectively. .

Next, operating methods of a communication node in a communication system will be described. Even when a method (for example, transmission or reception of a signal) performed in a first communication node among communication nodes is described, a second communication node corresponding thereto is described as a method performed in the first communication node and a method (eg, signal transmission or reception) For example, receiving or transmitting a signal) may be performed. That is, when the operation of the terminal is described, the corresponding base station may perform an operation corresponding to the operation of the terminal. Conversely, when the operation of the base station is described, a terminal corresponding thereto may perform an operation corresponding to the operation of the base station.

In order to reduce the error rate of data, a low modulation and coding scheme (MCS) level (eg, low MCS index) may be applied. In order to prevent the size of a field indicated by downlink control information (DCI) from increasing, the most frequently used MCS(s) may be selected. Then, in order to apply a low MCS, repeated transmission operation can be supported. Since the modulation rate of quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) is the lowest, an effect of further lowering the code rate may occur. In particular, since transmit power is limited in uplink (UL) transmission, repeated transmission operations may be performed in the time domain rather than the frequency domain.

Enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB) traffic and Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication (URLLC) traffic can use low MCS for different purposes. eMBB traffic can use low MCS for reach extension. On the other hand, URLLC traffic can use a low MCS to reduce latency and obtain a low error rate. Since the necessary requirements are different, eMBB traffic can be repeatedly transmitted even if a delay occurs, and URLLC traffic can be transmitted using a new MCS (eg, low MCS) rather than repeated transmission. A new MCS may be established by an RRC message and/or DCI.

To support repeated transmission for eMBB traffic in the time domain, physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) repetition (eg, PUSCH repetition type A) may be introduced. In this case, the PUSCH allocated in units of slots may be repeatedly transmitted. To extend the reach, time resources may be allocated to a plurality of slots. When PUSCH repetition type A is used, time resources may be configured by RRC messages and/or DCI. The number of repetitions of PUSCH transmission may be indicated by an RRC message, and the time resource for transmitting the PUSCH in the first slot is DCI (eg, type 2 CG (configured grant) or dynamic grant) or RRC message (eg, type 1 CG).

In order to support URLLC traffic, it may be desirable for a UE to perform frequent reception operations in DL (downlink) resources and/or frequent transmission operations in UL (uplink) resources. In a time division duplex (TDD) system, a terminal may operate based on a half duplex scheme. Accordingly, the support time of DL traffic and/or UL traffic may increase according to a slot pattern. On the other hand, in a frequency division duplex (FDD) system, a UE may utilize DL resources and UL resources. Therefore, the problems described above in the TDD system may not occur in the FDD system. An FDD system may use two or more carriers. When two or more serving cells are configured in the UE in the TDD system, the UE can utilize DL and UL resources.

CA (carrier aggregation) may be configured in the terminal, and PCell and SCell (s) may be activated. Depending on whether a common search space (CSS) set is included, a cell may be classified as a PCell or a SCell. For example, a PCell may include a CSS set, and a SCell may not include a CSS set. To reduce delay time in a communication system supporting URLLC traffic, slots having different patterns may be set and/or instructed to the terminal.

A small cell or an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node may be deployed to widen the coverage area. The throughput of a small cell or IAB may vary depending on the quality of the backhaul. It can be costly to secure backhaul. In order to solve this problem, a relay device can be placed in a communication system and can deliver a high-quality signal to a terminal. Relay devices may be classified into several types depending on how they transmit signals. A relay device supporting many functions can provide performance similar to that of a base station. Deployment of relay devices supporting fewer functions may be possible at low cost. In the present disclosure, a relay device may support a function of forming a beam for terminals and may support a minimum function for transmitting data to terminals. The base station may transmit a signal to control the relay device. For example, the base station may transmit configuration information (eg, parameter, control information) to the relay device. The relay device may receive signals (eg, configuration information, parameters, and control information) from the base station. In the present disclosure, a relay device may be referred to as a relay terminal, a relay node, a relay, or an intermediate node.

1. Model of intermediate nodes

The intermediate node may receive a signal from the base station and transmit the signal to the terminal. The intermediate node may receive the signal of the terminal and transmit the signal to the base station. The intermediate node may relay communication between the base station and the terminal. A signal in this disclosure may include a signal and/or a channel. In the transmission operation described above, an intermediate node may amplify a signal. Also, the intermediate node may perform an additional beam forming function.

The base station may transmit a signal to control the intermediate node. An intermediate node may receive a signal from a base station and may perform operations related to the control plane and/or data plane to recognize or interpret the signal. For example, radio resource control (RRC) signaling may be transmitted and received between an intermediate node and a base station. A data channel may be transmitted and received between an intermediate node and a base station according to dynamic scheduling. A radio link through which transmission and reception between an intermediate node and a base station is performed may be referred to as a control link (C-link, control-link). Since the intermediate node operates as a kind of terminal controlled by the base station through a control link, it may be referred to as Network Controlled Repeater-Mobile Termination (NCR-MT).

3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a control plane of an intermediate node.

Referring to FIG. 3, the intermediate node may include an RRC layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and a physical (PHY) layer.

4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a data plane of an intermediate node.

Referring to FIG. 4, an intermediate node may relay transmission of a data channel between a base station and a terminal using a radio frequency (RF) layer. A relay function of an intermediate node may be referred to as Network Controlled Repeater-Forwarding (NCR-Fwd).

5 is a block diagram illustrating a first embodiment of an intermediate node.

Referring to FIG. 5 , an intermediate node may receive a signal from a base station and amplify the signal. Signal amplification may be performed by a high power amplifier (HPA) included in an intermediate node. In addition, the intermediate node may decode data by performing a decoding operation on the signal received from the base station. In this case, signals received from the base station may be diverged inside the intermediate node. For example, the received signal may be split into signal 1 (Signal-1) and signal 2 (Signal-2). Signal 1 may mean "branched signal 1", and signal 2 may mean "branched signal 2". The signal strength of each of signal 1 and signal 2 may be less than that of a previous signal (eg, a received signal).

The branched signal 1 may be transferred to an amplifier (HPA) of an intermediate node. The branched signal 2 may be transmitted to a receiver of an intermediate node (eg, a receiver including a decoder). The signal branching operation may be performed in a passband or an intermediate (IF) band. The branched signal 2 may be processed in base-band, and the processed signal may be transmitted to a decoder. The intermediate node may obtain a result of the decoder (eg, a control message of the base station).

The base station's messages (eg, data channels and/or control channels) may be received at intermediate nodes. For example, an intermediate node may decode a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) received from a base station and check an RRC message or a MAC message. The intermediate node may check a downlink control information (DCI) message by decoding a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) received from the base station.

6 is a block diagram illustrating a second embodiment of an intermediate node.

Referring to FIG. 6, an intermediate node may receive a signal from a base station and may perform an amplification operation or a decoding operation on the corresponding signal. That is, an intermediate node can perform one operation at a specific time. In this case, the signal received at the intermediate node may be transferred to a decoder or an amplifier (HPA). Since the intermediate node performs only one operation at a specific time, both the link between the base station and the intermediate node and the link between the intermediate node and the terminal may not be activated.

The radio link between the intermediate node and the terminal may be connected (eg, activated) only at a specific time, and the radio link between the intermediate node and the terminal may not be connected at times other than the specific time. The base station may allocate a signal and/or channel (eg, synchronization signal block (SSB), PDDCH, PDSCH, etc.) received by the intermediate node. The aforementioned signals and/or channels do not need to be received at the terminal. An intermediate node and a terminal may not be able to simultaneously receive signals and/or channels from a base station.

The intermediate node may receive a signal from the terminal and transmit the signal to the base station. An intermediate node may generate a signal and transmit the signal to a base station or a terminal.

7 is a block diagram illustrating a third embodiment of an intermediate node.

Referring to FIG. 7 , an intermediate node may receive signal 1 (signal-1) from a terminal. The intermediate node may generate signal 2 (signal-2). The intermediate node can transmit signal 1 and signal 2 simultaneously. That is, the intermediate node can transmit signal 1 and signal 2 by multiplexing them. Signal 1 and signal 2 may be orthogonal. The radio resources of signal 1 and the radio resources of signal 2 may overlap (eg, partially overlap). The multiplexing operation of signal 1 and signal 2 can be performed in pass band or IF band. For the multiplexing operation of signal 1 and signal 2, detailed implementation of the intermediate node may be different.

8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a signal processing method at an intermediate node.

Referring to FIG. 8 , the intermediate node can generate a multiplexed signal by multiplexing signal 1 (signal-1) and signal 2 (signal-2), and can amplify the multiplexed signal in common. The strength of signal 1 (P ₁ ) and the strength of signal 2 (P ₂ ) may be determined as transmission power scheduled by the base station. For example, the strength of signal 2 (P ₂ ) may be derived from the strength of signal 1 (P ₁ ) and the strength of a signal transmitted by an intermediate node (P _R ). The signal strength may be derived as the average power of OFDM symbols.

)을 고려하면, P₂는 아래 수학식이 성립하도록 결정될 수 있다.The intermediate node may estimate the strength (P ₁ ) of signal 1 and derive the strength (P ₂ ) of signal 2 by momentarily reflecting P ₁ . For example, transmission power of an intermediate node may be fixed to P _R . Alternatively, the amplification gain of the intermediate node (

), P ₂ can be determined so that the following equation holds.

)은 가변적일 수 있다. 또는, 증폭 이득(

)은 고정된 값일 수 있다. P₂를 결정하기 위해 소정의 처리 시간은 필요할 수 있다.amplification gain (

) can be variable. Alternatively, the amplification gain (

) may be a fixed value. Some processing time may be required to determine P ₂ .

9 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a second embodiment of a signal processing method in an intermediate node.

)의 관계는 아래 수학식 2와 같을 수 있다. 증폭 이득(

)은 가변적일 수 있다. 또는, 증폭 이득(

)은 고정된 값일 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 9, the intermediate node may amplify signal 1 (signal-1) and signal 2 (signal-2) through an amplifier (HPA), and multiplex the amplified signal 1 and the amplified signal 2 to multiplex signal can be generated. The strength of signal 1 (P ₁ ), the strength of signal 2 (P ₂ ), the signal strength of the intermediate node (P _R ), and the amplification gain of the amplifier (

) may be as shown in Equation 2 below. amplification gain (

) can be variable. Alternatively, the amplification gain (

) may be a fixed value.

The intermediate node may estimate the strength (P ₁ ) of signal 1 and derive the strength (P ₂ ) of signal 2 by momentarily reflecting P ₁ . Some processing time may be required to determine P ₂ .

10 is a block diagram illustrating a fourth embodiment of an intermediate node.

Referring to FIG. 10 , an intermediate node may perform a signal transmission operation or a signal generation operation. That is, an intermediate node can perform one operation at a specific time. To perform both operations, the intermediate node must be able to multiplex signal-1 and signal-2. Multiplexing can be performed in pass band, IF band, or base band. The intermediate node must acquire the sum of digital signals or sum of analog signals for multiplexing operation. Since significant processing operations are required for this operation, it is desirable for intermediate nodes to perform only one operation.

At the intermediate node, an Rx antenna array and a Tx antenna array may be distinguished. The reason is that an intermediate node suppresses self-interference occurring in full-duplex communication. In order to suppress self-interference, the Rx beam and the Tx beam may not be independently determined at the intermediate node, the Rx beam and the Tx beam may be correlated with each other, and interference between the Rx beam and the Tx beam may be determined to be minimized.

When an intermediate node operates in a TDD system, an antenna array of the intermediate node may be used as a Tx antenna array at a first time by a circulator and may be used as an Rx antenna array at a second time. In a terminal, a receiving end and a transmitting end may be implemented asymmetrically. For example, a receiving end of a terminal may have 4 antennas, and a transmitting end of a terminal may have 2 antennas. In the middle node, the size of the Rx antenna array and the size of the Tx antenna array may be the same. In this case, in the beam management procedure of the intermediate node, alignment or correspondence between the Tx beam and the Rx beam can be simplified.

A link (eg, a radio link) between an intermediate node and a base station may be referred to as a backhaul link, a fronthaul link, a control link (C-link), or a feeder link. A link (eg, a radio link) between an intermediate node and a terminal may be referred to as an access link or a service link.

Beam management in each of the control link, the backhaul link, and the access link may be performed independently. Base stations and/or intermediate nodes may be involved in beam management of backhaul links. The base station and/or the intermediate node may manage beams of the backhaul link according to technical specifications. Intermediate nodes and/or terminals may be involved in beam management of the access link. The terminal can manage the beam of the access link according to the technical standard regardless of the existence of the intermediate node. For the beam management procedure of the access link, it is desirable that the beams of the control link and the backhaul link are stably managed.

2. TDD configuration

TDD scenarios can be considered. TDD slot patterns can be divided into common patterns and UE-specific patterns. The base station may transmit system information including common pattern information to the terminal. Alternatively, in the RRC connection procedure between the base station and the terminal, the base station may transmit an RRC message including common pattern information to the terminal. The terminal may obtain common pattern information from the base station. The common pattern may be interpreted as a pattern of slots commonly applied to a plurality of terminals.

After that, the base station may configure the terminal-specific pattern to the terminal through RRC signaling. The UE-specific pattern may be an independent slot pattern for each UE. The terminal may obtain terminal-specific pattern information from the base station. When a terminal-specific pattern is set for a terminal, the terminal may interpret a pattern of a slot by applying the corresponding terminal-specific pattern. Some of the flexible (FL) symbols configured for the UE may be dynamically configured as downlink (DL) symbols or uplink (UL) symbols. A UE may receive a DL signal and/or a DL channel using a DL symbol. A UE may receive a UL signal and/or a UL channel using a UL symbol. The terminal may receive DCI indicating the slot format. Based on the information included in the DCI, the terminal may consider some of the FL symbols as DL symbols and may consider other parts of the FL symbols as UL symbols.

For one FL symbol, terminal 1 can regard the corresponding FL symbol as a DL symbol, terminal 2 can regard the corresponding FL symbol as a UL symbol, and terminal 3 can regard the corresponding FL symbol as an FL symbol can be considered

11 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a common pattern and a UE-specific pattern in a TDD scenario.

Referring to FIG. 11, DL may mean DL symbol (s) or DL intervals, UL may mean UL symbol (s) or UL intervals, and FL may refer to FL symbol (s) or FL intervals can do. The FL symbol regarded by terminal 1 may be different from the FL symbol regarded by terminal 2. Depending on the specific DCI format received from the base station, a switching boundary between DL and UL in UE 1 may be different from a switching boundary between DL and UL in UE 2.

The intermediate node must switch between DL and UL based on one of the switching boundary of terminal 1 and switching boundary of terminal 2. An intermediate node may not perform a switching operation between DL and UL. In this case, assuming that the antenna array is divided into DL and UL to support full-duplex operation, the antenna array may be directed in an unnecessary direction. Therefore, considering performance and efficiency, it is desirable for an intermediate node to perform a switching operation between DL and UL.

The base station may instruct or set the TDD UL-DL change boundary (eg, switching boundary) to the intermediate node using RRC signaling, DCI, and/or repeater control information (RCI). RCI may mean control information for an intermediate node. Each of DCI and RCI may mean control information. The intermediate node may obtain information of a change boundary of TDD UL-DL from the base station. The base station may configure a serving cell for communication between the intermediate node and the base station in the intermediate node, and may indicate an active bandwidth part (BWP) to the intermediate node using DCI and/or RCI. The intermediate node may obtain serving cell information and/or active BWP information from the base station.

The change boundary of the TDD UL-DL derived by the intermediate node may be given at one timing. One timing may be at the border of two OFDM symbols or in the middle of one OFDM symbol in the active BWP of the intermediate node. Timing may be directed to intermediate nodes based on the method(s) below. A change boundary of TDD UL-DL may be referred to as a DL-UL boundary.

As one method for indicating the timing (ie, DL-UL boundary), the DL-UL boundary may depend only on RRC signaling. In the RRC connection procedure, a reference numerology (eg, cyclic prefix (CP) length, subcarrier spacing (SCS)) may be set in an intermediate node. The base station may transmit reference numerical information to the intermediate node using RRC signaling. The intermediate node may obtain reference numerology information from the base station. An intermediate node may derive a DL-UL boundary using reference numerology information. The reference SCS can be classified into a reference DL SCS and a reference UL SCS. The reference DL SCS and the reference UL SCS may be independently set in the intermediate node.

Method 2-1: An intermediate node may derive a DL-UL boundary using a reference SCS.

As another method for indicating timing (ie, DL-UL boundary), the DL-UL boundary may be derived based on RCI (eg, RCI format). The intermediate node may receive the RCI format from which information about the DL-UL boundary and other information is derived. At this time, the intermediate node may apply the SCS of the active BWP. In the present disclosure, RCI and RCI format may be used in the same meaning.

Method 2-2: The intermediate node may derive a DL-UL boundary using the SCS of the active BWP.

SCS applied to DL-UL switching may be limited. "When the SCS of the terminal is narrow (eg, 15 kHz) and the SCS of the intermediate node is wide (eg, 30 kHz)", the boundary at which UL-DL switching occurs may be different from the boundary of the symbol of the terminal . The base station may perform scheduling so that the above situation does not occur. Alternatively, the base station may configure a narrow SCS (eg, an SCS for deriving a DL-UL boundary) in an intermediate node so that the above situation does not occur. That is, the SCS for deriving the DL-UL boundary may not be wider than the SCS of terminals connected to the intermediate node.

)는 단말(들)에 적용되는 SCS(

) 이하일 수 있다. (즉,

) Method 2-3: SCS applied to DL-UL switching at the intermediate node (

) is the SCS applied to the terminal (s) (

) or less. (in other words,

)

For another example, the DL-UL boundary of an intermediate node needs to be precisely expressed. This is because not only intermediate nodes but also DL-UL boundaries of neighboring base stations can be considered. In order to flexibly apply a TDD pattern (eg, a TDD UL-DL pattern) according to a traffic ratio, an SCS applied to DL-UL switching by an intermediate node may be set high.

)는 단말(들)에 적용되는 SCS(

) 이상일 수 있다. (즉,

) Method 2-4: SCS applied to DL-UL switching at the intermediate node (

) is the SCS applied to the terminal (s) (

) can be more than (in other words,

)

For example, an SCS applied by an intermediate node to DL-UL switching may be different from an SCS applied to an active BWP or TDD related slot pattern.

3. On/off signaling

If no scheduling is allocated to a terminal communicating with a base station through an intermediate node, the intermediate node may amplify only noise and deliver the amplified noise to the terminal. Therefore, when the base station does not need to use the intermediate node, it is preferable that the intermediate node does not transmit any signals. The base station may instruct the intermediate node not to use an amplifier of an intermediate node (eg, an amplifier used for transmission of signals and/or channels) depending on whether scheduling is assigned. The above indication (hereinafter referred to as “off indication”) may mean that the amplification gain of the intermediate node is 0 or almost 0. Alternatively, the above-described off indication may mean that transmission power of an intermediate node is 0 or nearly 0. The off indication may indicate that the intermediate node does not perform a transmission operation. The off indication may mean at least one of a link off state, a transmit operation off state on a link, a transmit beam off state on a link, a receive operation off state on a link, or a receive beam off state on a link. Here, the link may be a backhaul link, a control link, and/or an access link. The off indication may not be signaled to intermediate nodes.

Alternatively, the base station may instruct the intermediate node to use the amplifier of the intermediate node. The above indication may be referred to as an “on indication”. The on indication may indicate that the intermediate node performs a transmission operation. The on indication may mean at least one of the on state of a link, the on state of a transmit operation in a link, the on state of a transmit beam in a link, the on state of a receive operation in a link, or the on state of a receive beam in a link. Here, the link may be a backhaul link, a control link, and/or an access link. Signaling of on/off indication may be introduced due to dynamic scheduling of the base station. The base station may transmit an on/off indication to the intermediate node using a specific RCI format. The intermediate node may determine whether to relay communication between the base station and the terminal based on the on/off instruction. When the on/off indication indicates on (eg, on state), the intermediate node may relay communication between the base station and the terminal. If the on/off indication indicates off (eg, off state), the intermediate node may not relay communication between the base station and the terminal.

Method 3-1: An intermediate node may receive an RCI format capable of deriving on/off indication information from a base station.

Both the NCR-Fwd function and the NCR-MT function can be considered in the DL operation and the UL operation of the intermediate node. The DL operation of the intermediate node is multiplexed with the DL data of the NCR-MT (eg, DL data using a control link) and the DL data of the terminal (eg, DL data transmitted using a backhaul link and an access link). It may be an operation of receiving data. Similarly, the UL operation of the intermediate node is based on the UL data of the NCT-MT (e.g., UL data using a control link) and the UL data of the UE (e.g., UL data transmitted using a backhaul link and an access link). It may be an operation of transmitting multiplexed data. Depending on the capability of the intermediate node, the UL data of the NCR-MT and the UL data of the terminal are based on at least one of a time division multiplexing (TDM) method, a frequency division multiplexing (FDM) method, or a spatial division multiplexing (SDM) method. can be transmitted

DL operation and UL operation can be distinguished, on/off instructions for DL operations can be dynamically signaled, and on/off instructions for UL operations can be dynamically signaled. An on/off instruction for a DL operation may be referred to as a “DL on/off instruction”. An on/off indication for UL operation may be referred to as a “UL on/off indication”. Even when an off instruction (eg, a DL off instruction and/or a UL off instruction) is received, the intermediate node may transmit or receive data with the base station.

Method 3-2: The on/off indication signaled to the intermediate node may be divided into a DL on/off indication and a UL on/off indication, and an on indication (eg, a DL on indication and/or a UL on indication) It may mean performing a transmission operation of a signal and / or channel, and an off instruction (eg, a DL off instruction and / or a UL off instruction) may mean not performing a transmission operation of a signal and / or channel can

In the present disclosure, the on/off instruction may include at least one of an on instruction, an off instruction, a DL on instruction, a DL off instruction, a UL on instruction, or a UL off instruction. The base station may set or instruct the intermediate node an SCS for interpreting the on/off indication. The SCS for interpreting the on/off indication may be the SCS of the active BWP applied in the RCI format. The intermediate node may obtain an SCS from the base station for interpreting the on/off indication. The DL on/off indication may follow the DL SCS, and the DL SCS may be indicated to an intermediate node. The UL on/off indication may follow the UL SCS, and the UL SCS may be indicated to an intermediate node. In the FDD system, the DL on/off instruction and the UL on/off instruction are preferably distinguished from each other.

According to the proposed method, in a procedure for measuring a DL signal and/or channel in an intermediate node, a measurement value can be distinguished according to an on/off instruction received from a base station. According to technical specifications, measurement time (eg, slot) can be divided into two types. For example, measurement time may be divided into measurement time 1 and measurement time 2. The base station may instruct or set measurement time 1 and/or measurement time 2 to the intermediate node (or terminal). A measurement assumption for measurement time 1 at the intermediate node (or terminal) may be different from a measurement assumption for measurement time 2 at the intermediate node (or terminal). The measurement assumption may be an assumption about the strength of the signal transmitted by the base station and/or the strength of interference. Therefore, the SINR (signal to interference plus noise ratio) expected by the intermediate node at measurement time 1 is It may be different from the SINR you expect. The base station may transmit classification information for the above-described measurement times through RRC signaling.

The intermediate node may receive an RCI format (or DCI format) from the base station, and may derive an on/off indication at a specific time based on information included in the RCI format (or DCI format). According to method 3-2, the on/off indication may indicate whether the intermediate node performs a signal and/or channel transmission operation.

4. How to receive RCI format

Intermediate nodes can detect RCI formats in a specific set of search spaces. The RCI format may include at least one of TDD pattern information, TDD UL-DL switching information, on/off indication (eg, on/off information), power control information, or beam information. The beam information may indicate a beam of an intermediate node used to relay communication between the base station and the terminal. The RCI format may include basic information for operation of an intermediate node. The intermediate node may feed back hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ)-acknowledgement (ACK) (or information corresponding to HARQ-ACK) for the RCI format to the base station. The RCI format may schedule data to be decoded by an intermediate node. Alternatively, the RCI format may not schedule data.

Processing time for RCI format reception and decoding operations at the intermediate node may be required. Processing time (eg, processing time 1 and processing time 2) according to the capability of the intermediate node may be applied.

12 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a method for processing an RCI format in an intermediate node.

Referring to FIG. 12, an intermediate node may reflect RCI format information after a predetermined time (eg, application delay) from the time of receiving the RCI format.

Method 4-1: The delay time (eg, the delay time applied to the RCI format) may be expressed from the last symbol of a control resource set (CORESET) in which the RCI format is received.

The base station may transmit the RCI format periodically. The intermediate node may periodically receive the RCI format. The intermediate node may derive a transmission operation and/or a reception operation based on the information in the RCI format. Accordingly, a time when one RCI format is applied and a time when one RCI format is not applied may be distinguished from each other. An intermediate node may not reflect information derived from the RCI format before a predetermined delay time passes.

13 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a second embodiment of a method for processing an RCI format in an intermediate node.

Referring to FIG. 13, the intermediate node may apply a time point at which the received RCI format is not applied.

Method 4-2: The intermediate node may not reflect information derived from the RCI format before a predetermined delay time passes.

Meanwhile, the intermediate node may not detect the RCI format even though it expects to receive the RCI format. In this case, the intermediate node may derive a necessary operation from RCI (eg, RCI format) configured with RRC signaling. Alternatively, the intermediate node may apply an operation derived from the most recently received RCI format.

Intermediate nodes may not derive HARQ-ACK for RCI format. That is, the intermediate node may not feed back the HARQ-ACK for the RCI format to the base station. The above-described embodiment may be shown in FIGS. 12 and/or 13 .

The intermediate node may feed back information such as HARQ-ACK for the RCI format to the base station. In this case, the base station may perform an RCI format retransmission operation based on HARQ-ACK. In the retransmission operation of the RCI format, the base station may retransmit the RCI format to the intermediate node at an early time in consideration of round trip time (RTT). According to the proposed method, the base station may not retransmit the RCI format. The base station may indicate the transmission timing of the HARQ-ACK for the RCI format to the intermediate node regardless of the processing time of the intermediate node. The intermediate node may obtain information on the transmission timing of the HARQ-ACK for the RCI format from the base station, and may transmit the HARQ-ACK for the RCI format at the transmission timing.

The intermediate node may perform a decoding operation on the RCI format and generate HARQ-ACK or ACK based on a result of the decoding operation. A decoding operation for the RCI format may be a blind decoding operation. Since the intermediate node searches for the RCI format using the scrambling identifier, it can determine the ACK for the RCI format.

Method 4-3: The intermediate node may generate an ACK based on a result of a decoding operation on the RCI format. Information derived from the RCI format may be reflected after a predetermined delay time.

14 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a third embodiment of a method for processing an RCI format in an intermediate node.

Referring to FIG. 14, the intermediate node may receive the RCI format from the base station, and the timing of the PUCCH (eg, HARQ-ACK feedback) from the reception point of the RCI format (eg, the last symbol in which the RCI format is received) delay) can be derived. In addition, the intermediate node may derive a delay time (eg, application delay) required to apply the RCI format information. Information in an RCI format may be applied to a beam. The intermediate node may feed back HARQ-ACK for the corresponding RCI format to the base station after delay in applying the RCI format.

When an ACK (eg, HARQ-ACK) for the RCI format is not received from the intermediate node, the base station may determine that the RCI format is not decoded at the intermediate node. That is, the base station may determine that DTX for the RCI format has occurred in the intermediate node. If the intermediate node does not accurately reflect the RCI format, terminals connected to the base station through the intermediate node may not properly perform transmission and/or reception operations. The base station can find the cause of the above problem from the intermediate node. Therefore, the base station can control each terminal not to perform an unnecessary retransmission operation.

An intermediate node may derive information about one or more slot patterns using RCI. Information on one slot may be derived from two or more RCIs. An intermediate node may assume that information derived from two or more RCIs always coincides. Alternatively, when information derived from two or more RCIs is different, the intermediate node may use the most recently received RCI among the two or more RCIs.

Method 4-4: The intermediate node may derive information on one slot pattern from two or more RCIs, and may assume that information on one slot pattern always coincides.

Method 4-5: The intermediate node may derive information on one slot pattern from two or more RCIs, and may apply information derived from the most recently received RCI among two or more RCIs.

Beam information and/or TDD pattern (eg, TDD UL-DL pattern) may be derived from RCI. Even when an intermediate node does not receive RCI, a method of interpreting beam information and/or a TDD pattern may be defined. For example, when RCI is not received, the intermediate node may apply a default beam and may apply a common pattern as a TDD pattern.

An on/off indication may be derived from the RCI. If the intermediate node cannot derive an on/off indication from the RCI (eg, if the intermediate node does not receive the RCI), the intermediate node may assume one of an on indication and an off indication. For example, an intermediate node may assume that an on indication is set, and may transmit a signal and/or channel using a primary beam. Alternatively, the intermediate node may assume that the off indication is set, and may not forward the signal and/or channel regardless of the beam.

A plurality of RCIs may be received in the same slot (or the same time interval). In this case, the intermediate node may determine that a plurality of RCIs include the same information element (eg, on/off indication, beam information, etc.).

5. Power Control and Amplification Gain

"When the intermediate node forwards the DL signal/channel of the base station to the UE (ie, DL forwarding)", "When the intermediate node forwards the UL signal/channel of the UE to the base station (ie, UL forwarding)" , and "when the intermediate node transmits its own UL signal/channel to the base station (ie, UL transmission)" can be considered. In the present disclosure, a DL signal/channel may mean a DL signal and/or a DL channel, and a UL signal/channel may mean a UL signal and/or a UL channel.

The size of the power applied by the intermediate node may be determined according to the instructions of the base station. The power (eg, transmit power) of the intermediate node may be determined based on closed-loop control and/or open-loop control. The base station may set the open loop control parameter set(s) to the intermediate node using RRC signaling. The intermediate node may obtain the open loop control parameter set(s) from the base station. The base station may transmit an RCI or DCI including a power control command to an intermediate node. The intermediate node may obtain a power control command from the base station.

Based on the technical specifications, the size of the power of the intermediate node may be indicated by the base station. The base station may indicate the size of the amplification gain to the intermediate node. The intermediate node may obtain the size of the amplification gain from the base station. The magnitude of the received signal for UL signal/channel 1 of one UE may be different from the magnitude of the received signal for UL signal/channel 2 of a plurality of UEs.

15 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of transmission power at an intermediate node.

Referring to FIG. 15 , resources allocated for terminal a and resources allocated for terminal b may overlap (eg, partially overlap) in the time domain. Each of UE a and UE b may transmit a UL signal/channel using allocated resources. The intermediate node may receive the UL signal/channel of each of terminal a and terminal b, and may transmit the corresponding UL signal/channel to the base station. That is, the intermediate node may perform a UL delivery procedure.

The base station may instruct or set a predetermined transmit power to the intermediate node. In the UL delivery procedure, the intermediate node may use a predetermined transmit power indicated by the base station. "Amplification gain 1 when UL signal/channel 1 of terminal a is transmitted", "amplification gain 2 when UL signal/channel 1 of terminal a and UL signal/channel 2 of terminal b are transmitted", and "terminal When the UL signal of b/channel 2 is transmitted, the amplification gain 3" may be different.

In this case, in the interval of the UL channel, the transmission power of the intermediate node may be constant, and the reception power of the base station may be changed. The above problem may also occur in the DL delivery procedure. That is, in the DL transfer procedure, UL signal/channel 1 may be interpreted as DL signal/channel 1, and UL signal/channel 2 may be interpreted as DL signal/channel 2.

16 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a second embodiment of transmission power at an intermediate node.

Referring to FIG. 16 , resources allocated for terminal a and resources allocated for terminal b may overlap (eg, partially overlap) in the time domain. Each of UE a and UE b may transmit a UL signal/channel using allocated resources. The intermediate node may receive the UL signal/channel of each of terminal a and terminal b, and may transmit the corresponding UL signal/channel to the base station. That is, the intermediate node may perform a UL delivery procedure.

The base station may instruct or set a predetermined amplification gain to the intermediate node. In the UL delivery procedure, the intermediate node may use a predetermined amplification gain indicated by the base station. In this case, in the interval of the UL channel, the reception power of the base station may be constant, and the transmission power of the intermediate node may be changed. The transmit power (P _R ) indicated by the base station to the intermediate node may be interpreted as the maximum transmit power of the UL signal/channel, and the amplification gain may be derived based on the above analysis. In the DL delivery procedure, UL signal/channel 1 can be interpreted as DL signal/channel 1, and UL signal/channel 2 can be interpreted as DL signal/channel 2.

Method 5-1: The intermediate node may derive an amplification gain based on the instruction of the base station, and may transmit a signal and/or channel by constantly applying the derived amplification gain.

)을 계산할 수 있다. 중간 노드는 증폭 이득을 소정의 시간(예를 들어, 슬롯) 동안 유지할 수 있다. For the signal y to be transmitted by the intermediate node and the signal x generated by the intermediate node, the intermediate node obtains an amplification gain (

) can be calculated. An intermediate node may maintain the amplification gain for a predetermined amount of time (eg, a slot).

According to the proposed method, the time during which the intermediate node maintains the amplification gain can be derived, and the amplification gain can be changed after the derived time. Considering one scheduling (eg, the scheduling shown in FIG. 15 or 16), all symbols allocated to terminal a and terminal b may be considered as one time unit. The intermediate node can keep the amplification gain the same at the above-mentioned time.

17 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a method of deriving a time unit to which a constant amplification gain is applied.

Referring to FIG. 17 , resources allocated for terminal a and resources allocated for terminal b may overlap (eg, partially overlap) in the time domain. Resources allocated for each of terminal a and terminal b may not overlap with resources allocated for terminal c in the time domain. When consecutive symbols are scheduled, the intermediate node may regard the consecutive symbols as one time unit and maintain the same amplification gain in one time unit. In the embodiment of Figure 17, the intermediate node may derive two time units (eg, time1, time2). At time 1, the amplification gain of the intermediate node may remain the same, and at time 2, the amplification gain of the intermediate node may remain the same. The amplification gain of the intermediate node at time 1 may be different from the amplification gain of the intermediate node at time 2. In the DL delivery procedure, UL signal/channel 1 can be interpreted as DL signal/channel 1, UL signal/channel 2 can be interpreted as DL signal/channel 2, and UL signal/channel 3 can be interpreted as DL signal/channel 3 can be interpreted as

Method 5-2: In the case of continuously delivering scheduled signals, an intermediate node may not change an amplification gain. In the case of delivering a discontinuously scheduled signal, an intermediate node may apply a new amplification gain.

A unit of time scheduled by the base station to the terminal may be a mini slot. In this case, transmission power and/or transmission timing may be changed at slot boundaries. When method 5-2 is applied, the time unit derived by the intermediate node may be smaller than a slot (or subframe).

Meanwhile, for power control for UL transmission, an intermediate node may reuse power control for UL forwarding. The intermediate node may apply an open loop control command for UL transmission to a set of closed loop control parameters for UL delivery.

6. Power headroom

The intermediate node may report power headroom to the base station. A power headroom report of an intermediate node in a DL transfer procedure, a power headroom report of an intermediate node in a UL transfer procedure, and a power headroom report of an intermediate node in a UL transmission procedure may be regarded as independent power headroom reports.

When the intermediate node is implemented as in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5, 6, 7, and/or 10, the UL transmission procedure and the UL transmission procedure may be performed simultaneously. Alternatively, only one of the UL delivery procedure and the UL transmission procedure may be performed. When the UL delivery procedure and the UL transmission procedure are performed simultaneously, the intermediate node must be able to perform power margin reporting.

According to technical specifications, a value included in the power margin report may be the difference between the maximum power of the UE and the transmit power. Here, the transmission power may be transmission power of a scheduled PUSCH or transmission power of an unscheduled PUSCH (eg, a reference PUSCH defined in technical specifications). Power margin reporting for the UL transmission procedure and the UL transmission procedure in the intermediate node may be defined differently.

According to the proposed method, when the UL transmission procedure and the UL transmission procedure are simultaneously performed in a frequency division multiplexing (FDM) method, the intermediate node uses the transmit power of the output signal of the amplifier (eg, UL amplifier) to provide power margin can be derived. In this case, the intermediate node does not need to calculate power headroom considering scheduling. The power margin may be derived from the transmit power (P _R ) itself of the intermediate node. For example, the power margin of an intermediate node may be derived based on "P _max - P _R ". P _max may be the maximum power of an intermediate node. P _R may be the transmit power of the intermediate node.

Method 6-1: An intermediate node may derive a power margin report based on its transmit power.

Intermediate nodes may only perform UL delivery procedures. According to the technical specification, the intermediate node may derive transmit power considering the allocated bandwidth and generate a power margin report based on the derived transmit power. Since the intermediate node does not separately perform a decoding operation, the allocated bandwidth may not be well defined. That is, the allocated bandwidth may be a bandwidth of a carrier of the base station (or a bandwidth of a serving cell set to an intermediate node).

According to the proposed method, when deriving a power margin report for a UL transmission procedure, an intermediate node can calculate a separate power margin value. According to technical specifications, an intermediate node may calculate power margin in units of one PUSCH occasion (or PUCCH occasion, SRS (sounding reference signal) resource). Therefore, the power of an intermediate node can have a single value. Considering the case where an intermediate node transfers signals of a plurality of terminals, the size of power may be changed.

Method 6-2: An intermediate node may derive a power margin value in a unit of time maintaining an amplification gain. The derived power margin value may be an average value of power.

When there are a plurality of time units maintaining an amplification gain in a slot, the power margin value may be derived using the first time unit (or the last time unit).

When "the intermediate node does not derive the above-mentioned time unit" or "when the intermediate node does not maintain the amplification gain", the time unit for deriving the power margin value may be fixed to one value.

Method 6-3: The power reserve value may be derived using an average value of allocated power during a predetermined slot.

According to the technical specification, the power reserve report may be derived based on actual scheduling or virtual scheduling. In a PUSCH transmission procedure based on actual scheduling, the power margin report can be derived from the amount of power allocated to the PUSCH. Assuming a virtually scheduled reference PUSCH transmission, the power margin report can be derived from the amount of power allocated to the reference PUSCH. A slot (or subframe) from which a power margin value is derived may be determined in technical specifications. In order for the intermediate node to report the power margin value to the base station in the signal transfer procedure, it is preferable that the slot from which the power margin value is derived is indicated or set by the base station.

Method 6-4: The intermediate node may determine a slot by applying a predetermined slot offset, and may derive a power margin value from the determined slot.

The base station may instruct the intermediate node of a slot in which the intermediate node performs power margin reporting. An event that triggers power margin reporting may be determined based on a timer (eg, a periodic timer, prohibit timer, etc.). According to method 6-4, the intermediate node may determine a slot from which a power margin value is derived by applying an offset from a slot (or subframe) in which a timer expires. Here, the base station may set an offset to the intermediate node through RRC signaling.

The intermediate node may perform a UL transmission procedure, a UL delivery procedure, and/or a DL delivery procedure. In this case, the intermediate node may perform power control for the DL transfer procedure and derive a power margin value for the DL transfer procedure. The intermediate node may apply a power control method for a UL delivery procedure and a method for deriving a power reserve value.

7. Interpretation method of beam information

The intermediate node may receive beam information (eg, beam indication information) from the base station. The intermediate node may derive beam information based on side control information (SCI). Beam information may be included in RCI. Each of “beam generated by intermediate node” and “beam applied by intermediate node” may be a DL Rx beam, a DL Tx beam, a UL Rx beam, and/or a UL Tx beam.

In downlink communication, an intermediate node may receive a signal from a base station, and may apply an Rx beam (eg, an Rx beam of a control link or an Rx beam of a backhaul link) in a reception operation of a signal of the base station. In a procedure for transmitting signals from the base station to the terminal(s), the intermediate node may apply a Tx beam (eg, a Tx beam of an access link). The intermediate node may receive a signal from the terminal(s) and may apply an Rx beam (eg, an Rx beam of an access link) in a signal receiving operation of the terminal(s). In a procedure for transmitting a signal of the terminal(s) to the base station, the intermediate node may apply a Tx beam (eg, a Tx beam of a backhaul link).

To distinguish the aforementioned beams, the beam of the intermediate node may be referred to as a DL Tx beam, a DL Rx beam, a UL Tx beam, or a UL Rx beam. The beams of intermediate nodes can be further divided. For example, the Rx beam of the control link and the Rx beam of the backhaul link may be separately indicated. Alternatively, in the same beam sets, the Rx beam of the control link or the Rx beam of the backhaul link may be selected identically or differently. A beam of a base station may be referred to as a Tx beam or an Rx beam, and a beam of a terminal may be referred to as a Tx beam or an Rx beam.

The base station may set the index of Rx beams (eg, transmission configuration indication (TCI) state) to the terminal through RRC signaling. The base station may indicate an Rx beam to be applied by the terminal by transmitting DCI including an index (eg, an index of a TCI state).

The base station may direct or set the DL Rx beam of the intermediate node to the corresponding intermediate node. That is, the DL Tx beam of the intermediate node may be separately indicated. Even if the beam between the base station and the intermediate node (eg, the DL/UL beam pair of the control link or the backhaul link) is maintained, if only the DL Tx beam of the intermediate node (eg, the Tx beam of the access link) is changed, A beam between the base station and the terminal interpreted by the terminal (eg, a DL/UL beam pair of the terminal) may be changed. Therefore, in the beam management procedure between the terminal and the base station, the DL Tx beam of the intermediate node may be changed.

It is desirable for the base station to separately control the DL Rx beam and the DL Tx beam of the intermediate node. That is, the DL Rx beam and DL Tx beam of the intermediate node can be independently controlled by the base station. In this case, a specific format of a MAC control element (CE) may be used to control a DL Rx beam of an intermediate node. The above-described specific format of the MAC CE may be "the format of the MAC CE for indicating the TCI state to the UE" or "the format of the MAC CE for changing the TCI state of the UE". Alternatively, a separate MAC CE may be used to change the DL Tx beam of the intermediate node.

The base station may direct the DL Rx beam and DL Tx beam of the intermediate node to the corresponding intermediate node. A specific association relationship between the DL Rx beam and the DL Tx beam may be established. A specific association may be indicated to an intermediate node. According to the information indicated by the base station to the intermediate node, both the DL Rx beam (eg, the Rx beam of the control link or the Rx beam of the backhaul link) and the DL Tx beam (eg, the Tx beam of the access link) can be derived. can

The operation of the method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented as a computer readable program or code on a computer readable recording medium. A computer-readable recording medium includes all types of recording devices in which information that can be read by a computer system is stored. In addition, computer-readable recording media may be distributed to computer systems connected through a network to store and execute computer-readable programs or codes in a distributed manner.

In addition, the computer-readable recording medium may include hardware devices specially configured to store and execute program commands, such as ROM, RAM, and flash memory. The program instructions may include high-level language codes that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter as well as machine language codes such as those produced by a compiler.

Although some aspects of the present disclosure have been described in the context of an apparatus, it can also refer to a description according to a corresponding method, where a block or apparatus corresponds to a method step or feature of a method step. Similarly, aspects described in the context of a method may also be represented by a corresponding block or item or a corresponding feature of a device. Some or all of the method steps may be performed by (or using) a hardware device, such as, for example, a microprocessor, a programmable computer, or an electronic circuit. In some embodiments, at least one or more of the most important method steps may be performed by such an apparatus.

In embodiments, a programmable logic device (eg, a field programmable gate array) may be used to perform some or all of the functions of the methods described herein. In embodiments, a field-programmable gate array may operate in conjunction with a microprocessor to perform one of the methods described herein. Generally, the methods are preferably performed by some hardware device.

Although it has been described with reference to preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, those skilled in the art can variously modify and change the present disclosure within the scope not departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure described in the claims below. You will understand that you can.

Claims (20)

As a method of an intermediate node relaying communication between a base station and a terminal,
Receiving first control information including an on / off instruction from the base station; and
Determining whether to relay communication between the base station and the terminal according to the on / off instruction,
When the on / off instruction indicates on, communication between the base station and the terminal is relayed, and when the on / off instruction indicates off, communication between the base station and the terminal is not relayed,
way of the middle node. The method of claim 1,
The method of the intermediate node,
Further comprising relaying communication between the base station and the terminal when the on/off instruction indicates the on,
In the relaying of the communication, the operation of transmitting the first signal received from the base station to the terminal, the operation of transmitting the second signal generated by the intermediate node to the terminal, the first signal and the second signal Transmitting the multiplexed third signal to the terminal, transmitting the fourth signal received from the terminal to the base station, transmitting the fifth signal generated at the intermediate node to the base station, or The operation of transmitting the 6th signal multiplexed with the 4th signal and the 5th signal to the base station is performed,
way of the middle node. The method of claim 1,
The on/off instruction is classified into a downlink (DL) on/off instruction and an uplink (UL) on/off instruction, and when the DL on/off instruction indicates DL on, the intermediate node performs DL communication for the terminal When the DL on/off instruction indicates DL off, the intermediate node does not perform the DL communication with the terminal, and when the UL on/off instruction indicates UL on, the intermediate node transmits information to the base station UL communication for the base station, and if the UL on/off indication indicates UL off, the intermediate node does not perform the UL communication with the base station.
way of the middle node. The method of claim 1,
The first information further includes beam information of the intermediate node used to relay communication between the base station and the terminal.
way of the middle node. The method of claim 1,
The DL Rx beam and the DL Tx beam of the intermediate node are independently controlled by the base station.
way of the middle node. The method of claim 1,
The method of the intermediate node,
Further comprising receiving second control information from the base station,
When the first control information and the second control information are received in the same time interval, the first control information and the second control information include the same information element, and the same information element is the on/off instruction or At least one of the beam information,
way of the middle node. The method of claim 1,
The method of the intermediate node,
Transmitting an acknowledgment (ACK) for the first control information to the base station,
way of the middle node. The method of claim 1,
The subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the intermediate node is greater than or equal to the SCS of the terminal,
way of the middle node. The method of claim 1,
The first control information is reflected at the intermediate node after an application time,
way of the middle node. As a base station method,
Transmitting first control information including an on/off instruction to an intermediate node relaying communication between the base station and the terminal; and
And performing communication with the terminal according to the on / off instruction,
When the on/off instruction indicates on, communication between the base station and the terminal is relayed by the intermediate node, and when the on/off instruction indicates off, communication between the base station and the terminal is Performed without relaying of the intermediate node,
base station method. The method of claim 10,
The first information further includes beam information of the intermediate node used to relay communication between the base station and the terminal.
base station method. The method of claim 10,
The DL Rx beam and the DL Tx beam of the intermediate node are independently controlled by the base station.
base station method. The method of claim 10,
The method of the base station,
Further comprising transmitting second control information to the intermediate node;
When the first control information and the second control information are transmitted in the same time interval, the first control information and the second control information include the same information element, and the same information element is the on/off instruction or At least one of the beam information,
base station method. The method of claim 10,
The method of the base station,
Further comprising receiving an acknowledgment (ACK) for the first control information from the terminal,
base station method. As an intermediate node relaying communication between the base station and the terminal,
contains a processor;
The processor is the intermediate node,
receiving first control information including an on/off instruction from the base station; and
Causes to determine whether to relay communication between the base station and the terminal according to the on / off instruction,
When the on / off instruction indicates on, communication between the base station and the terminal is relayed, and when the on / off instruction indicates off, communication between the base station and the terminal is not relayed,
intermediate node. The method of claim 15
The processor is the intermediate node,
If the on / off instruction indicates the on, further causing communication between the base station and the terminal to be relayed,
In the case of relaying the communication, the operation of transmitting the first signal received from the base station to the terminal, the operation of transmitting the second signal generated by the intermediate node to the terminal, the first signal and the second signal Transmitting the multiplexed third signal to the terminal, transmitting the fourth signal received from the terminal to the base station, transmitting the fifth signal generated at the intermediate node to the base station, or transmitting the fourth signal to the base station. The operation of transmitting a sixth signal in which the signal and the fifth signal are multiplexed to the base station is performed,
intermediate node. The method of claim 15
The on/off instruction is classified into a downlink (DL) on/off instruction and an uplink (UL) on/off instruction, and when the DL on/off instruction indicates DL on, the intermediate node performs DL communication for the terminal When the DL on/off instruction indicates DL off, the intermediate node does not perform the DL communication with the terminal, and when the UL on/off instruction indicates UL on, the intermediate node transmits information to the base station UL communication for the base station, and if the UL on/off indication indicates UL off, the intermediate node does not perform the UL communication with the base station.
intermediate node. The method of claim 15
The first information further includes beam information of the intermediate node used to relay communication between the base station and the terminal.
intermediate node. The method of claim 15
The processor is the intermediate node,
Further causing second control information to be received from the base station;
When the first control information and the second control information are received in the same time interval, the first control information and the second control information include the same information element, and the same information element is the on/off instruction or At least one of the beam information,
intermediate node. The method of claim 15
The processor is an intermediate node,
Further causing an acknowledgment (ACK) for the first control information to be transmitted to the base station,
intermediate node.

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