KR20230073651A - Apparatus for generating ultrasonic inspection plan for welds having anisotropy and non-homogeneity - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus for generating an ultrasonic inspection plan according to one embodiment of the present invention may comprise: an input unit which receives welding process information of an inspection target including a welding structure, image information filming a target test piece corresponding to the welding portion of the inspection target, and welding layer separating information with respect to the welding structure; a model generating unit which generates a three-dimensional model with respect to the welding portion of the inspection target by using the welding process information, the image information and the welding layer separating information; an information mapping unit which groups each of the plurality of welding layers included in the welding area based on the image information as at least one area, calculates representative direction information with respect to each grouping area, and maps the grouping area and the representative direction information in the three-dimensional model; and a plan building unit which generates a scanning plan with respect to the inspection target based on the model. Therefore, the advancement route and sensitivity may be quantitatively deduced.

Description

Ultrasonic inspection plan generating device for welds having anisotropy and non-homogeneity

An embodiment relates to an ultrasonic inspection plan generating device and method for welded parts having anisotropy and non-homogeneity.

It is very important to evaluate the soundness of materials through non-destructive testing in the in-service inspection of power generation facilities. Currently, non-destructive testing of power generation facilities is being replaced by ultrasonic testing (UT) in radiography testing (RT) due to the strengthening of the Atomic Energy Act. UT is a non-destructive testing technique that uses the physical properties of ultrasonic waves to detect internal defects in materials and to evaluate the type, location, and size of defects. In particular, the phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT) technique, which arranges and uses several vibrators in one transducer, can change the propagation angle and focusing position through time delay, and can change the inside of the test object. It has the advantage of being able to acquire images in real time, and has recently been widely applied to inspection of welding parts such as power generation facilities and pressure vessels. Recently, many studies have been conducted on new inspection techniques such as flexible PAUT and TFM (total focusing method) to secure the reliability of PAUT.

However, dissimilar metal welds or austenitic steel welds, which are mainly used in nuclear or thermal power plants, have coarse crystal grains and show anisotropy in the direction of the crystal grains. In general, if the crystal structure of a metal is fine and homogeneous, it is possible to predict the propagation path of the beam and to easily detect defects because the propagation and straightness of the ultrasonic wave are high. However, in the case of the austenitic steel welded portion described above, anisotropy and inhomogeneity are exhibited, and phenomena such as refraction, scattering, and attenuation occur due to distortion of the beam. For this reason, it is difficult to predict the propagation path of the beam, so it is difficult to detect and evaluate defects in non-destructive testing using ultrasonic waves.

Therefore, it is required to develop a technique capable of providing high reliability for ultrasonic inspection analysis of an anisotropic and non-homogeneous welded part.

The embodiment is an ultrasonic test plan generation device for solving the problem of difficulty in detecting and evaluating defects as ultrasonic propagation is lowered due to phenomena such as refraction, scattering, and attenuation due to distortion of ultrasonic waves in a welded part showing anisotropy and inhomogeneity. is to provide

An embodiment is to provide an ultrasound examination plan generation device capable of modeling anisotropy and inhomogeneity through simulation modeling and quantitatively deriving the traveling path and sensitivity of an ultrasound beam through simulation of propagation behavior.

The problem to be solved in the embodiment is not limited thereto, and it will be said that the solution to the problem described below or the purpose or effect that can be grasped from the embodiment is also included.

An ultrasonic test plan generating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes welding procedure information of a test object including a welded structure, image information obtained by photographing a representative test piece corresponding to a welded portion of the test object, and weld layer classification for the welded structure. an input unit for receiving information; a model generating unit generating a three-dimensional model for a welded portion of the inspection target object using the welding procedure information, the image information, and the welding layer identification information; Based on the image information, each of the plurality of weld layers included in the welding area is grouped into at least one area, representative direction information for each grouping area is calculated, and the grouping area and the representative direction information are combined into the 3D Information mapping unit for mapping to the model; and a plan establishment unit generating a scan plan for the test object based on the model. include

The input unit may provide the image information to a user, and may receive identification information of a welded layer constituting the welded structure on the image information from the user.

The model generating unit may generate the 3D model by generating a preliminary model based on the welding procedure information and correcting a shape of a welded layer of the preliminary model based on the image information and the welded layer identification information.

The input unit receives grain direction information about the welded structure, and the information mapping unit generates the grouping area by grouping regions in which a difference value of the grain direction information is within a predetermined angular range in each of a plurality of welded layers. And, an average value of a plurality of grain direction information included in the grouping area may be calculated as representative direction information for the grouping area.

The plan establishment unit may generate a scan plan by setting at least one of a wavelength type of ultrasound, a frequency of ultrasound, an amplitude of ultrasound, a type of ultrasound, and a scanning angle range according to representative direction information for each grouped area.

According to the embodiment, there is an advantage in being able to create and provide an ultrasonic test plan that can reflect anisotropy and non-homogeneity of the welded portion of the test object.

It is possible to provide high reliability of ultrasonic inspection results for welded parts having anisotropy and non-homogeneity.

Since ultrasonic inspection plans can be created with a small amount of computation, it has the advantage of providing high portability, such as real-time use at construction sites.

Various advantageous advantages and effects of the present invention are not limited to the above description, and will be more easily understood in the process of describing specific embodiments of the present invention.

1 is a diagram showing an ultrasonic inspection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a block diagram of an ultrasound examination plan generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a flowchart of a method for generating an ultrasound examination plan according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Since the present invention can make various changes and have various embodiments, specific embodiments are illustrated and described in the drawings. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, and should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Terms including ordinal numbers such as second and first may be used to describe various components, but the components are not limited by the terms. These terms are only used for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, a second element may be termed a first element, and similarly, a first element may be termed a second element, without departing from the scope of the present invention. The terms and/or include any combination of a plurality of related recited items or any of a plurality of related recited items.

It is understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected or connected to the other element, but other elements may exist in the middle. It should be. On the other hand, when an element is referred to as “directly connected” or “directly connected” to another element, it should be understood that no other element exists in the middle.

Terms used in this application are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this application, the terms "include" or "have" are intended to designate that there is a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, but one or more other features It should be understood that the presence or addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof is not precluded.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related art, and unless explicitly defined in the present application, they should not be interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal meaning. don't

Hereinafter, the embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the same or corresponding components regardless of reference numerals are given the same reference numerals, and overlapping descriptions thereof will be omitted.

1 is a diagram showing an ultrasonic inspection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

An ultrasonic inspection system according to an embodiment of the present invention may be a system that performs non-destructive inspection on an object including a welded structure. In particular, the ultrasonic inspection system according to an embodiment of the present invention is a phased array ultrasonic testing device (Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing, It may be a system that performs non-destructive testing using PAUT). In the case of a welded structure exhibiting anisotropy and non-homogeneity, distortion of the beam occurs, and it is difficult to detect defects and predict the path of the beam, thereby reducing the reliability of inspection results. The ultrasound examination system according to an embodiment of the present invention solves this problem through the ultrasound examination plan generating device 200 .

Referring to FIG. 1 , an ultrasound examination system according to an embodiment of the present invention may include an imaging device 100 , an ultrasound examination plan generation device 200 , and an ultrasound examination device 300 .

First of all, the imaging device 100 may refer to a device that generates image information by capturing an object to be examined. According to an embodiment, the imaging device 100 may be a device that scans an electron beam on the surface of a material and observes a shape or configuration of a surface of a material by reflected electrons or secondary electrons from the surface. The imaging device 100 may be a scanning electron microscope (SEM). According to an embodiment, the imaging device 100 may be a device that observes an object by detecting backscattered electrons that are reflected when accelerating electrons are injected into the object. The imaging device 100 may be a backscattered electron diffraction (EBSD) analyzer.

Next, the ultrasound examination plan generation device 200 may generate a scan plan for an examination object by using image information captured by the imaging device 100 and welding procedure information. According to an embodiment of the present invention, since an object to be inspected may have a welded structure exhibiting anisotropy and inhomogeneity, it is necessary to generate a scan plan reflecting the anisotropy and inhomogeneity of the welded structure in order to obtain reliable inspection results. Accordingly, the ultrasound examination plan generating apparatus 200 generates a 3D model of the examination object reflecting anisotropy and non-homogeneity based on the image information and welding procedure information, and generates a scan plan based on the 3D model. Details thereof will be described below with reference to the drawings. The ultrasound examination plan generation device 200 may be implemented as a computing device including a processor and a memory.

Next, the ultrasound examination apparatus 300 may be a device that examines an examination target based on a scan plan. The ultrasound examination device 300 may be selected as a device having specifications and standards according to a scan plan. Ultrasound inspection station projects an ultrasound beam to an inspection object according to a scan plan to inspect the inspection object. According to an embodiment, the ultrasonic testing apparatus 300 may be a phased array ultrasonic testing apparatus.

2 is a block diagram of an ultrasound examination plan generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2 , an ultrasound examination plan generation apparatus 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include an input unit 210, a model generator 220, an information mapping unit 230, and a plan establishment unit 240. can

The input unit 210 may receive welding procedure information of a test object including a welded structure, image information obtained by photographing a representative test piece corresponding to a welded portion of the test object, and welding layer classification information for the welded structure.

Specifically, the input unit 210 may receive welding procedure information for the selected inspection object. In one embodiment, the input unit 210 may receive welding procedure information from the database of the ultrasound examination plan generation device 200 after the examination target is selected. In one embodiment, the input unit 210 may receive welding procedure information from an external server or an external storage device after a test object is selected. In one embodiment, the input unit 210 may receive welding procedure information for the selected inspection object from the user. To this end, the input unit 210 may provide a user interface so that the user can input welding procedure information.

The input unit 210 may receive image information obtained by photographing a representative test piece corresponding to a welded portion of an object to be inspected. Here, the representative test piece may refer to an object on which a weld is formed according to welding procedure information corresponding to welding procedure information of an object corresponding to the test object. Image information may be generated by imaging a representative test piece with the imaging device 100 described above. Image information of the representative test piece may be pre-stored in the database, and the input unit 210 may receive image information of the representative test piece from the database after the test subject is selected.

Meanwhile, in another embodiment, the input unit 210 may receive image information obtained by photographing an object to be examined. The input unit 210 may receive image information from the imaging device 100 that captures the object to be examined.

The input unit 210 may receive welding layer identification information. To this end, the input unit 210 may provide image information to a user, and may receive identification information of a welding layer constituting a welding structure on the image information from the user. For example, the input unit 210 may provide image information to a user through a display device, and the user may receive classification information of a welding layer constituting a welded structure by displaying classification information of a welding layer on the corresponding image information. there is. To this end, the display device may have a touch screen function capable of inputting information, but is not limited thereto, and information may be input using various input tools such as a mouse or a keyboard.

The model generating unit 220 may generate a 3D model for a welded portion of an inspection object using welding procedure information, image information, and welded layer identification information.

Specifically, the model generation unit 220 may generate a preliminary model based on welding procedure information. Also, the model generation unit 220 may generate a 3D model by correcting the shape of the weld layer of the preliminary model based on the image information and the weld layer classification information.

The information mapping unit 230 groups each of the plurality of weld layers included in the welding area into at least one area based on the image information, calculates representative direction information for each grouping area, and provides the grouping area and representative direction information. It can be mapped to a 3D model.

According to an embodiment, the information mapping unit 230 may generate a grouping region by grouping regions in which a difference value of grain direction information is within a predetermined angular range in each of a plurality of weld layers. The image information may include crystal grain direction information on the welded structure.

The information mapping unit 230 may calculate an average value of a plurality of grain direction information included in the grouping area as representative direction information for the grouping area.

The plan establishment unit 240 may create a scan plan for the examination object based on the model.

The plan establishment unit 240 may generate a scan plan by setting at least one of a wavelength type of ultrasound, a frequency of ultrasound, an amplitude of ultrasound, a type of ultrasound, and a scanning angle range according to representative direction information for each grouped area. Types of ultrasound may include transverse waves and longitudinal waves.

3 is a flowchart of a method for generating an ultrasound examination plan according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The ultrasound examination plan generation method described in FIG. 3 may be implemented using at least one of the ultrasound examination system and the ultrasound examination plan generation apparatus described above.

Referring to FIG. 3 , first, the input unit 210 may receive welding procedure information of a test object including a welding structure (S310).

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the welding procedure information may include information about welding of the inspection target.

For example, the welding procedure information may include information about the overall structure and welding structure of the inspection object. The welding procedure information may include information about the size, shape, structure, etc. of a member to be welded, and welding structure information about the thickness and the like of a welded layer formed according to the welding procedure.

For example, the welding procedure information may include information about a welding process of a test object and a filler metal used for welding.

As described above, the present invention enables a precise ultrasound examination of the inspection object to be performed by receiving various information about the inspection object including the welded structure and using it to establish a scan plan.

Then, the input unit 210 may receive image information obtained by photographing a representative test piece corresponding to the welded portion of the test object (S320).

According to an embodiment, the image information of the representative test piece may be a macro tissue image captured by the imaging device 100 such as a scanning microscope. According to another embodiment, the image information of the representative test piece may be a micro tissue image captured by the imaging device 100 such as a backscattered electron diffraction pattern analyzer.

When the image information is a macro structure image, the user can grasp the structure of the weld layer or the direction of crystal grains with the naked eye. In the case of a macro-tissue image, compared to a micro-tissue image, the size of data is small and the imaging device 100 for imaging is easy to use, so that less resources are consumed for equipment configuration and operation. However, in the case of a macro structure image, there may be cases in which the structure of a welding layer or the direction of crystal grains cannot be grasped depending on the inspection object. In this case, the present invention may generate a scan plan using a microtissue image as image information.

Then, the input unit 210 may receive input of welding layer identification information for the welding structure (S330). At this time, the input unit 210 may provide the image information input in step S330 to the user, and receive classification information of the welding layer constituting the welding structure on the image information from the user. For example, the user may input welding layer classification information by drawing along the outline of the welding layer on the image information provided from the input unit 210 .

Also, the input unit 210 may receive crystal grain direction information from a user. The input unit 210 may receive input of classification information of the welded layer from the user and then input crystal grain direction information for each welded layer. According to an embodiment, the user may input welding layer classification information by drawing a direction line according to the direction of the grains identified on the image information provided from the input unit 210 . The welding layer classification information may be input for each weld layer classified based on the welding layer classification information.

Then, the model generation unit 220 may generate a preliminary model based on the welding procedure information (S340). As described above, the welding procedure information includes information on the overall structure and welding structure of the inspection object, and the model generating unit 220 uses the information on the overall structure and welding structure included in the welding procedure information to generate 3 A dimensional dictionary model can be created.

Then, the model generation unit 220 may generate a 3D model by correcting the shape of the welded layer of the preliminary model based on the image information and the welded layer classification information (S350). The preliminary model generated by the model generation unit 220 is generated based on welding procedure information and may represent an ideal structure. However, since errors in the process and deformation due to the surrounding environment may occur during the welding process, the welding structure of the actual inspection object and the welding structure of the preliminary model may be different from each other. This may cause an error in a scan plan for the test object. Accordingly, the model generation unit 220 may generate a three-dimensional model having a high degree of similarity to an actual test object by correcting the preliminary model generated based on the welding procedure information discussed above through the input welding layer identification information.

Next, the information mapping unit 230 may group each of the plurality of welding layers included in the welding area into at least one area based on the image information (S360). That is, grouping regions may be created for each welding layer, and when the welding layers are different, they cannot be selected as the same grouping region.

According to an embodiment, the information mapping unit 230 may generate a grouping region by grouping regions in which a difference value of grain direction information is within a predetermined angular range in each of a plurality of weld layers. In this case, the crystal grain direction information may be expressed as an angle value with respect to a predetermined reference line. For example, the crystal grain direction information may be expressed as an angle value with the thickness direction of the test object as a reference line. For example, the information mapping unit 230 may determine that the adjacent crystal grain direction information is included in the same grouping area when the difference value is within a predetermined angular range. According to an embodiment, when the difference value of adjacent crystal grain direction information is within 5 degrees, it may be determined that they are included in the same grouping area. If a value larger than 5 degrees is determined as a predetermined angle range in the judgment criterion, the difference value is preferably within 5 degrees because too few grouping areas are created and welding characteristics cannot be reflected.

The information mapping unit 230 may calculate representative direction information for each grouping area (S370). The information mapping unit 230 may calculate an average value of a plurality of grain direction information included in the grouping area as representative direction information for the grouping area.

For example, the information mapping unit 230 may calculate an average value of a plurality of grain direction information included in the grouping area as representative direction information for the grouping area. In this case, the average value is an example, and the information mapping unit 230 may calculate the median of the plurality of grain direction information as representative direction information or calculate the mode of the plurality of grain direction information as representative direction information.

The information mapping unit 230 may map the grouping area and representative direction information to the 3D model (S380).

The plan establishment unit 240 may generate a scan plan for the examination object based on the 3D model to which the grouping area and representative direction information are mapped (S390).

The plan establishment unit 240 may generate a scan plan by setting at least one of a wavelength type of ultrasound, a frequency of ultrasound, an amplitude of ultrasound, a type of ultrasound, and a scanning angle range according to representative direction information for each grouped area. The term '~unit' used in this embodiment means software or a hardware component such as a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or ASIC, and '~unit' performs certain roles. However, '~ part' is not limited to software or hardware. '~bu' may be configured to be in an addressable storage medium and may be configured to reproduce one or more processors. Therefore, as an example, '~unit' refers to components such as software components, object-oriented software components, class components, and task components, processes, functions, properties, and procedures. , subroutines, segments of program code, drivers, firmware, microcode, circuitry, data, databases, data structures, tables, arrays, and variables. Functions provided within components and '~units' may be combined into smaller numbers of components and '~units' or further separated into additional components and '~units'. In addition, components and '~units' may be implemented to play one or more CPUs in a device or a secure multimedia card.

Although the above has been described with reference to the embodiments, this is only an example and does not limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs will not deviate from the essential characteristics of the present embodiment. It will be appreciated that various variations and applications are possible. For example, each component specifically shown in the embodiment can be modified and implemented. And differences related to these modifications and applications should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

100: imaging device
200: Ultrasound test plan generating device
210: input unit
220: model generation unit
230: information mapping unit
240: planning department
300: ultrasonic inspection device

Claims (5)

An input unit for receiving welding procedure information of a test object including a welded structure, image information obtained by photographing a representative test piece corresponding to a welded portion of the test object, and welding layer identification information for the welded structure;
a model generating unit generating a three-dimensional model for a welded portion of the inspection target object using the welding procedure information, the image information, and the welding layer identification information;
Based on the image information, each of the plurality of weld layers included in the welding area is grouped into at least one area, representative direction information for each grouping area is calculated, and the grouping area and the representative direction information are combined into the 3D model. Information mapping unit for mapping to; and
a plan establishment unit generating a scan plan for the test object based on the model; An apparatus for generating an ultrasound examination plan comprising: According to claim 1,
The input unit,
An ultrasonic examination plan generating device that provides the image information to a user and receives classification information of a weld layer constituting the weld structure on the image information from the user. According to claim 1,
The model generator,
Create a preliminary model based on the welding procedure information,
Ultrasonic examination plan generation device for generating the three-dimensional model by correcting the weld layer shape of the preliminary model based on the image information and the weld layer identification information. According to claim 1,
The input unit,
Receive grain direction information for the welded structure,
The information mapping unit,
Creating the grouping region by grouping regions in which the difference value of the grain direction information is within a predetermined angular range in each of the plurality of weld layers;
An ultrasound examination plan generating device that calculates an average value of a plurality of crystal grain direction information included in the grouping area as representative direction information for the grouping area. According to claim 1,
The planning department,
An ultrasound examination plan generating device configured to generate a scan plan by setting at least one of an ultrasound wavelength type, an ultrasound frequency, an ultrasound amplitude, an ultrasound type, and a scanning angle range according to representative direction information for each grouped area.

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