KR20230067264A - The superconducting coil evaluating apparatus for a wind power generator and the evaluating method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention includes: a cryogenic container; a superconducting coil module housed in the cryogenic container; a support module which is connected to the cryogenic container and the superconducting coil module and supports the superconducting coil module; an armature module arranged to have an air gap with respect to the superconducting coil module; a superconducting power supply unit which supplies power to the superconducting coil module; an armature power unit which applies power to the armature module; and a control unit which changes a current applied to the armature module from the armature power unit. The present invention can be applied to evaluate performance of the superconducting coil by influencing inertia of a rotating part of a wind turbine.

Description

Superconducting coil evaluation device and method for wind power generators

The present invention relates to an evaluation apparatus and method for evaluating a superconducting coil for a wind turbine, and more particularly, to an evaluation apparatus and evaluation method for a superconducting coil for a wind turbine capable of securing evaluation reliability by realizing the same torque as the load characteristics of an actual rotor of the wind turbine. It's about how.

A wind turbine with superconducting technology is composed of a rotor in which the field of a wind turbine is replaced with a superconducting magnet. Wind turbines using superconducting magnets are advantageous for making super-large wind turbines of 10MW or higher, which are difficult to achieve with conventional wind turbines using permanent magnets. This is because the powerful magnet makes the generator smaller and easier to mount on the central shaft of the wind turbine.

An ultra-high field, high energy density, large-capacity wind turbine using a superconducting magnet must withstand the strong torque (force * length) generated when converting mechanical energy into electrical energy at -230 degrees Celsius or less. For example, when a 10MW wind power generator rotates at 9.69 rpm considering the average wind speed of 8.5 m/s in domestic waters, the rotating shaft must generate a strong torque of 10.34 MNm to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. Here, in the case of a 10MW class superconducting magnet 40-pole wind turbine, the torque applied per pole is 258.5kNM, and about 71KN is applied to the superconducting magnet of one pole when converted into force at a radius of 3.6m.

Therefore, in the case of a superconducting magnet applied to a superconducting wind power generator of 10 MW or more, it is important to verify the mechanical load characteristics of the torque load generated in the superconducting magnet in advance to secure reliability. Even a single superconducting magnet (superconducting coil) has a problem of causing an increase in overall cost due to a collision between superconducting coils and a negative effect on the entire wind power generator system when a problem with poor performance or mechanical stability occurs.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1444365 (registered on September 18, 2014)

An embodiment of the present invention is a superconducting coil evaluation device and evaluation device for a wind power generator capable of realizing the same torque as the load characteristics of an actual rotor by reflecting the influence of output change of a wind turbine according to the inertia of a rotating part of the wind turbine to the performance evaluation of the superconducting coil. It aims to provide a method.

In order to achieve the above object, an apparatus for evaluating a superconducting coil for a wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention is connected to a cryogenic container, a superconducting coil module accommodated in the cryogenic container, and a superconducting coil module connected to the cryogenic container and the superconducting coil module. A support module for supporting, an armature module arranged to have an air gap with respect to the superconducting coil module, a superconducting power supply unit for applying power to the superconducting coil module, an armature power supply unit for applying power to the armature module, and an armature power unit applied to the armature module It is characterized in that it includes a control unit that changes the current.

In addition, the superconducting power supply unit is characterized in that it charges the target magnetic field by applying direct current to the superconducting coil module.

In addition, the armature power supply unit is characterized in that it generates torque in the superconducting coil module by applying a DC current to the armature module.

Also, the control unit increases or decreases the current applied to the armature module from the first current to the second current for a predetermined time.

In addition, the superconducting coil module includes at least three or more superconducting coils, and three or more superconducting coils are connected in series along a first axis on a plane.

In addition, the armature module includes three or more armature coils corresponding to each of the three or more superconducting coils, and the armature power supply unit includes three or more DC sources for applying power to each of the three or more armature coils.

In addition, three or more armature coils are characterized in that they are sequentially arranged along the first axis.

In addition, it is characterized in that it further comprises a database unit for storing the current value of the armature coil according to the capacity of the wind turbine.

In addition, a method for evaluating a superconducting coil for a wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a vacuum step of forming a vacuum inside a cryogenic container accommodating the superconducting coil module, and cooling the superconducting coil module accommodated in the cryogenic container to an operating temperature. A cooling step, a charging step in which power is applied to the superconducting coil module to charge it up to a target current, a power application step in which power is applied to the armature module arranged to have an air gap with respect to the superconducting coil module, and a current applied to the armature module is set to a predetermined value. and a ramping control step of increasing or decreasing the first current to the second current for a period of time.

In addition, DC current is applied to the armature module, and DC current is applied to the superconducting coil module.

According to the present invention, the effect of slowly changing the output of the wind turbine due to the inertia of the rotating part of the wind turbine can be reflected in the performance evaluation of the superconducting coil. That is, it is possible to evaluate the performance of the superconducting coil according to the actual variable operating environment.

1 is a diagram schematically showing an apparatus for evaluating a superconducting coil for a wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view showing the superconducting coil module and the support module shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a superconducting coil evaluation device for a wind power generator shown in FIG. 1 .
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the current applied to the armature module shown in FIG. 1 and the torque generated in the superconducting coil module.
5 is a graph for explaining the operation of the controller shown in FIG. 1;
6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for evaluating a superconducting coil for a wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments described below are only presented for illustrative purposes to help a clear understanding of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

Since the shape, size, ratio, angle, number, etc. disclosed in the drawings for explaining the embodiments of the present invention are exemplary, the present invention is not limited to those shown in the drawings. Like elements may be referred to by like reference numerals throughout the specification. In describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of related known technologies may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted.

When 'includes', 'has', 'consists', etc. mentioned in this specification is used, other parts may be added unless the expression 'only' is used. When a component is expressed in the singular, the plural is included unless specifically stated otherwise. In addition, in interpreting the components, even if there is no separate explicit description, it is interpreted as including the error range.

In the case of a description of a positional relationship, for example, 'on top of', 'on top of', 'at the bottom of', 'next to', etc. Or, unless the word 'directly' is used, one or more other parts may be located between the two parts.

The spatially relative terms "below, beneath", "lower", "above", "upper", etc., refer to one element or component as shown in the drawing. It can be used to easily describe the correlation between and other elements or components. Spatially relative terms should be understood as encompassing different orientations of elements in use or operation in addition to the orientations shown in the figures. For example, when flipping elements shown in the figures, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements may be placed “above” the other elements. Thus, the exemplary term “below” may include directions of both below and above. Likewise, the exemplary terms "above" or "above" can include both directions of up and down.

In the case of a description of a temporal relationship, for example, 'immediately' or 'directly' when a temporal precedence relationship is described in terms of 'after', 'following', 'next to', 'before', etc. Unless the expression is used, non-continuous cases may also be included.

Although first, second, etc. are used to describe various components, these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one component from another. Therefore, the first component mentioned below may also be the second component within the technical spirit of the present invention.

The term “at least one” should be understood to include all possible combinations from one or more related items. For example, "at least one of the first item, the second item, and the third item" means not only the first item, the second item, or the third item, but also two of the first item, the second item, and the third item. It may mean a combination of all items that can be presented from one or more.

Each feature of the various embodiments of the present invention can be partially or entirely combined or combined with each other, technically various interlocking and driving are possible, and each embodiment can be implemented independently of each other or together in a related relationship. may be

Hereinafter, a superconducting coil evaluation device 1 for a wind power generator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

1 is a diagram schematically showing a superconducting coil evaluation apparatus 1 for a wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a superconducting coil module 20 and a support module 30 shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a superconducting coil evaluation device 1 for a wind power generator shown in FIG. 1 .

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, an apparatus 1 for evaluating a superconducting coil for a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention is for applying an output change due to inertia to the weight of a rotor of a wind turbine to evaluate a superconducting coil. . To this end, an apparatus for evaluating superconducting coils for wind power generators (1) includes a cryogenic container (10), a superconducting coil module (20), a support module (30), an armature module (40), a superconducting power supply unit (50), and an armature power supply unit (60). and a control unit 70.

The cryogenic container 10 may maintain its inside at a cryogenic temperature. The cryogenic container may be cooled to an operating temperature of 30K to 40K by a cryogenic freezer (not shown). A plurality of insulating members (not shown, multi-layer insulation) may be disposed on the inner wall of the cryogenic vessel 10 to shield radiant heat. For example, 30 to 50 insulating members may be disposed. Accordingly, the effect of convection on the superconducting coil module 20 can be minimized. The cryogenic container 10 may be maintained in a vacuum state by a vacuum forming device not shown.

The superconducting coil module 20 is accommodated in the cryogenic container 10 . The support module 30 is connected to the cryogenic container 10 and the superconducting coil module 20 . The support module 30 supports the superconducting coil module 20 . A plurality of support modules 30 may be arranged. The support module 30 may be GFRP (Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic). Accordingly, the support module 30 can support high torque and minimize heat transfer conducted from the outside.

The armature module 40 is disposed to have an air gap with respect to the superconducting coil module 20 . The superconducting power supply unit 50 applies power to the superconducting coil module 20 . The armature power supply unit 60 applies power to the armature module 40 . The controller 70 changes the current applied to the armature module 40 from the armature power supply unit 60 . As an example, the controller 70 may increase or decrease the current applied to the armature module 40 from the first current to the second current for a predetermined time. That is, the control unit 70 causes a change amount of the current applied to the armature module 40 with respect to time. Accordingly, it is possible to simulate and apply a slowly changing output change due to the inertia of the weight of the rotor or the like of the wind power generator. The second current may be larger or smaller than the first current.

Here, the superconducting power supply unit 50 applies direct current to the superconducting coil module 20 . Accordingly, the superconducting coil module 20 may be charged with a target magnetic field. In addition, the armature power supply unit 60 applies direct current to the armature module 40 to generate torque in the superconducting coil module 20 . When evaluating the specific capacity of the wind power generator, the armature power supply unit 60 applies a specific DC current value to the armature module 40 so that the torque of the superconducting coil module 20 can be evaluated. That is, it is possible to evaluate the superconducting coil module 20 according to the capacity of the wind power generator in a simple and easy way. In addition, it is possible to evaluate the torque of the superconducting coil module 20 without rotation of the superconducting coil module 20 . Therefore, the structure of the superconducting coil evaluation device 1 for a wind power generator is simple, and the manufacturing and evaluation costs are low.

The superconducting coil module 20 includes at least three or more superconducting coils. Three or more superconducting coils are connected in series along a first axis (X) on a plane. Therefore, since the superconducting coil module 20 does not need to be arranged circularly with respect to the rotation axis, the structure is simple and manufacturing is easy. Meanwhile, among the three or more superconducting coils, superconducting coils disposed between the superconducting coils disposed on both edges are used for torque evaluation. This is because an accurate evaluation is possible only when the influence of adjacent superconducting coils is applied. When the number of superconducting coils is 4 or more, evaluation of the plurality of superconducting coils is possible because a plurality of superconducting coils are disposed between the superconducting coils disposed on both edges.

As an example, the superconducting coil module 20 may include a first superconducting coil 200, a second superconducting coil 210, and a third superconducting coil 220. The first superconducting coil 200, the second superconducting coil 210, and the third superconducting coil 220 are connected in series along the first axis (X). Accordingly, the first superconducting coil 200, the second superconducting coil 210, and the third superconducting coil 220 may define three poles. In this case, the second superconducting coil 210 may be used for torque evaluation.

The armature module 40 may include three or more armature coils corresponding to each of the three or more superconducting coils 200, 210, and 220. In addition, the armature power supply unit 60 may include three or more DC current sources for applying power to each of the three or more armature coils. Each of the three or more DC current sources may form a closed circuit with each of the three or more armature coils. Three or more armature coils are sequentially arranged along the first axis (X). Since the armature coils are not arranged in a circular shape, the structure is simple and manufacturing is easy.

As an example, the armature module 40 may include a first armature coil 400 , a second armature coil 410 and a third armature coil 420 . The first armature coil 400, the second armature coil 410, and the third armature coil 420 are sequentially arranged along the first axis X. The first armature coil 400, the second armature coil 410, and the third armature coil 420 define three phases (U, V, W). The armature power supply unit 60 may apply different DC current values to the first armature coil 400 , the second armature coil 410 , and the third armature coil 420 .

As an example, the armature power unit 60 may include a first DC source 600 , a second DC source 610 and a third DC source 620 . The first DC source 600 applies DC current to the first armature coil 400 . The first DC source 600 and the first armature coil 400 form a closed loop. The second DC source 610 applies DC current to the second armature coil 410 . The second DC source 610 forms a closed loop with the second armature coil 410 . The third DC source 620 applies DC current to the third armature coil 420 . The third DC source 620 forms a closed loop with the third armature coil 420 . Each of the first superconducting coil 200 to the third superconducting coil 220 is spaced apart from the first armature coil 400 to the third armature coil 420 by a predetermined air gap.

Meanwhile, the apparatus 1 for evaluating superconducting coils for wind power generators according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a database unit (not shown). The database unit stores DC current values of the armature coils 400, 410, and 420 according to the capacity of the wind turbine. That is, the database unit stores DC current values for each of the plurality of armature coils 400, 410, and 420 according to a specific capacity of the wind turbine. Accordingly, it is possible to evaluate the torque of the superconducting coil module 20 by applying the DC current value for the capacity of the wind turbine to be evaluated to the armature coils 400, 410, and 420. That is, evaluation of the superconducting coil is simple and easy.

As an example, the output Pw of a wind turbine in a wind generator may be calculated by Equation 1 below.

Here, ρ = air density, A = wind turbine rotor sectional area, v = wind speed, and Cp = power factor.

In addition, the output (Pe) of the wind turbine can be calculated by the following [Equation 2].

Here, V = wind turbine output voltage, I = wind turbine output current.

Since the output of the wind turbine is determined according to the wind speed, Pw (Equation 1) and Pe (Equation 2) are the same. In Equation 2, the wind turbine output voltage (V) is a fixed voltage value determined during design. After all, what is changed by the wind speed (v) is the output (Pe) of the wind turbine, and the value of the output current (I) of the wind turbine. Therefore, the output Pe of the wind power generator can be simulated according to the current value (I in Equation 2) applied to the armature module 40 . Accordingly, it is possible to evaluate the torque of the superconducting coil module 20 according to the output Pe of the wind turbine to be evaluated.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the current applied to the armature module 40 shown in FIG. 1 and the torque generated in the superconducting coil module 20, and FIG. 5 explains the operation of the control unit 70 shown in FIG. It is a graph for

3 and 4, current (A), current (B), and current (C) are currents applied to the first armature coil 400, the second armature coil 410, and the third armature coil 420. am. Considering the inertia of the rotating part of the wind turbine, current(A), current(B), and current(C) may be changed for a predetermined time. Then, current(A), current(B), and current(C) have constant DC current values. Accordingly, it can be confirmed that the torque (radial force and tangential force) generated in the superconducting coil module 20 is gradually changed and maintained at a predetermined value.

Referring to FIG. 5 , an example of performance evaluation of the superconducting coil module 20 considering the influence of the actual variable operating environment of the wind power generator is shown. When the wind speed (blue line) decreases from a predetermined value, the current applied to the armature module 40 is gradually reduced for a predetermined time in consideration of the inertia of the rotating part of the wind power generator. Therefore, the effect of gradually changing the output of the wind turbine due to the inertia of the rotating part of the wind turbine can be applied to the evaluation of the superconducting coil.

6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for evaluating a superconducting coil for a wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1, 3 and 6, the superconducting coil evaluation method for a wind turbine includes a vacuum step (S10), a cooling step (S20), a charging step (S30), a power application step (S40), and a ramping control step (S50). includes

In the vacuum step (S10), a vacuum is formed inside the cryogenic container 10 accommodating the superconducting coil module 20. In the cooling step (S20), the superconducting coil module 20 accommodated in the cryogenic container 10 is cooled to an operating temperature. Here, the operating temperature corresponds to the range of 30K to 40K, which is a cryogenic temperature. In the charging step (S30), power is applied to the superconducting coil module 20 to charge it up to a target current (magnetic field). Direct current is applied to the superconducting coil module 20 .

In the power application step ( S40 ), power is applied to the armature module 40 arranged to have an air gap with respect to the superconducting coil module 20 . Here, a DC current is applied to the armature module 40 . In the ramping control step ( S50 ), the current applied to the armature module 40 is increased or decreased from the first current to the second current for a predetermined time. Accordingly, the performance of the superconducting coil can be evaluated in consideration of the inertia of the rotating part of the wind turbine. Meanwhile, the method for evaluating a superconducting coil for a wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include an air gap arrangement step of arranging the armature module 40 to have a specific air gap with respect to the superconducting coil module 20 . In addition, the method for evaluating a superconducting coil for a wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention may use the apparatus 1 for evaluating a superconducting coil for a wind power generator described in FIGS. 1 to 3 .

Although the invention made by the present inventors has been specifically described according to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

1: Superconducting coil evaluation device for wind power generator
10: cryogenic container
20: superconducting coil module
30: support module
40: armature module
50: superconducting power source
60: armature power unit
70: control unit

Claims (10)

cryogenic containers;
a superconducting coil module housed in the cryogenic container;
a support module connected to the cryogenic container and the superconducting coil module to support the superconducting coil module;
an armature module arranged to have a gap with respect to the superconducting coil module;
a superconducting power supply unit for applying power to the superconducting coil module;
an armature power supply unit for applying power to the armature module; and
A superconducting coil evaluation device for a wind power generator comprising a control unit for changing a current applied to the armature module from the armature power supply unit. According to claim 1,
The superconducting power supply unit applies a direct current to the superconducting coil module to charge a target magnetic field. According to claim 1,
The armature power supply unit applies a direct current to the armature module to generate torque in the superconducting coil module. According to claim 1,
The control unit increases or decreases the current applied to the armature module from the first current to the second current for a predetermined time. According to claim 1,
The superconducting coil module includes at least three superconducting coils,
The three or more superconducting coils are superconducting coil evaluation apparatus for a wind power generator connected in series along a first axis on a plane. According to claim 5,
The armature module includes three or more armature coils corresponding to each of the three or more superconducting coils,
The armature power supply unit includes three or more direct current sources for applying power to each of the three or more armature coils. According to claim 6,
The three or more armature coils are superconducting coil evaluation apparatus for a wind power generator sequentially arranged along a first axis. According to claim 1,
Superconducting coil evaluation apparatus for a wind turbine further comprising a database unit for storing the current value of the armature coil according to the capacity of the wind turbine. A vacuum step of forming a vacuum inside the cryogenic container accommodating the superconducting coil module;
a cooling step of cooling the superconducting coil module housed in the cryogenic container to an operating temperature;
a charging step of charging up to a target current by applying power to the superconducting coil module;
a power supply step of applying power to an armature module arranged to have an air gap with respect to the superconducting coil module; and
A method of evaluating a superconducting coil for a wind power generator comprising a ramping control step of increasing or decreasing a current applied to the armature module from a first current to a second current for a predetermined time. According to claim 9,
DC current is applied to the armature module,
A superconducting coil evaluation method for a wind power generator in which a direct current is applied to the superconducting coil module.

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