KR20230067228A - Optimization method of precast concrete slab stacks for transportation - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for optimizing cargo loading of precast concrete slab stacks is disclosed. The method for optimizing cargo loading of precast concrete slab stacks of the present invention includes: a generation step of generating a temporary stack from PC slabs which satisfy reference area information among a plurality of PC slabs; a slab sorting step of sorting PC slabs with matching dunnage information among the PC slabs belonging to the temporary stack in installation order; a division step of generating one or more final stacks by dividing the temporary stack so that the number of stages is less than or equal to the maximum; and a confirmation step of generating loading area information of the one or more final stacks and comparing the information with luggage compartment area information.

Description

Cargo load optimization method of precast concrete slab stack {OPTIMIZATION METHOD OF PRECAST CONCRETE SLAB STACKS FOR TRANSPORTATION}

The present invention relates to a method for optimizing the cargo load of a precast concrete slab stack, and more particularly, to a method for optimizing the cargo load of a precast concrete slab stack configured to generate a precast concrete slab stack optimized for cargo load.

Off-Site Construction (OSC) is a growing trend in the construction industry for the purpose of improving productivity. OSC is a method of producing buildings by producing members in factories, transporting them through trailers, and assembling them on site.

Since the location where members are produced (factory) and the location where they are installed (construction site) are different, how the members are transported can have a great impact on OSC project performance. Precast Concrete (PC) is a member mainly handled by OSC. In particular, in the case of PC slab, since the number of members to be transported is large and the weight is light compared to the width, it is often transported by making a stack at the PC factory and loading it on a trailer. .

The PC Slab Stack should be able to satisfy the objectives of the main managers of the OSC project (manufacturer in the factory, driver in the transport, and installer in the construction site). The PC slab stack that key managers want is:

The production manager of the factory wants the PC slab stack to be transported safely without damage or transport accidents. This is because they do not want to incur additional costs due to additional PC production work due to damage or transportation accidents. Therefore, the plant's fabrication manager plans to target a stable PC slab stack.

Transport drivers want stable loading of the PC slab stack itself, without exceeding the legal compliance and trailer size for transport. This is because the driver is only responsible for the time and safety of the delivery schedule. Therefore, the driver of the transport focuses on error-free transport.

The installation manager at the construction site wants a PC slab stack that can satisfy the installation process, and wants to perform the installation work quickly through this. This is because when receiving a PC slab stack with a mixed installation order, an additional installation waiting space is required at the construction site, which adds to the work time required for reshuffling work, which hinders the project schedule. Therefore, installers on construction sites plan PC slab stacks with the goal of minimizing rework.

However, since the current OSC PC slab stack is manually planned by the production manager, it is very difficult to create an effective slab stack by considering all the main manager's points of view (high stable, minimal reshuffling work, none error). difficult.

If the views of key managers are not considered in advance, problems may arise: First, at a construction site, additional work issues such as reshuffling work due to slab stacks in a mixed installation order and repair work for damaged slabs due to poor dunnage positioning of slab stacks may occur. . Second, from the point of view of the production manager and operator of the factory, if an accident or serious damage occurs due to transportation with low stability, issues of reproduction and re-transportation may occur on the factory side.

Failure to construct an effective slab stack may result in additional costs and schedule delays. If OSC's logistical problems are not solved, the effective productivity that is the strength of OSC cannot be demonstrated.

In this regard, Chinese Patent Publication No. 111445180 (hereinafter referred to as 'Prior Document') discloses an optimization technique and apparatus for a cargo arrangement mode of a cargo transport vehicle and electronic equipment.

Optimization techniques and devices in the prior literature calculate the quantity of items to be transported through the parameters of the items to be transported and the width of the cargo compartment of the cargo vehicle, and select the arrangement method with the shortest batch length as the optimal arrangement method to reduce the length of the limited length. An optimization technique and device capable of placing the maximum amount of goods to be transported in a cargo hold are disclosed.

Optimization techniques and devices in the prior literature have an advantage in reducing freight transportation costs by improving cargo space utilization by finding a method of arranging goods to be transported according to the size, shape, and total quantity of goods to be transported.

However, since the optimization techniques and devices in the prior literature relate to the optimized loading of general cargo, they cannot properly reflect the cargo loading characteristics of the PC slab stack desired by key managers. Therefore, it is required to plan to be transported considering the characteristics of the PC slab stack and to develop a loading optimization method specific to the OSC project.

Chinese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 111445180 (published date: 2020.07.24)

The purpose of the present invention is to reflect all the cargo loading characteristics of the PC slab stack desired by key managers, plan to be transported in consideration of the characteristics of the PC slab stack, and achieve loading optimization specific to the OSC project. It is to provide a method for optimizing the cargo loading of a slab stack.

According to the present invention, the above object is, according to the present invention, a generation step of generating a temporary stack with the PC slabs satisfying reference area information among a plurality of PC slabs; a slab sorting step of arranging the PC slabs having the same Dunnage information among the PC slabs belonging to the temporary stack in an installation order; a division step of generating one or more final stacks by dividing the temporary stack to be less than or equal to the maximum number of stages; and a confirmation step of generating loading area information of the one or more final stacks and comparing them with luggage area information.

In the sorting step, after arranging the PC slabs matching the Dunnage information in the order of installation, it is determined whether or not the PC slab does not belong to the temporary stack exists, and if the PC slab does not belong to the temporary stack exists, If confirmed, the temporary stack may be further created by changing the reference area information in the generating step.

The reference area information satisfies the following formula,

Here, AREA _PICKED is the area of the PC slab with the maximum area among the plurality of PC slabs, AREA _REMAIN is the area of the PC slab that does not belong to the temporary group among the plurality of PC slabs, and Tolerance can be a user input value of 0 to 1.

In the sorting step, the PC slab for which the dunnage information is inconsistent may be returned to a state prior to the creation of the temporary stack.

In the dividing step, if the maximum number of stages is greater than the number of stages of the temporary stack, one final stack may be generated without dividing the temporary stack.

In the dividing step, if a value obtained by dividing the number of temporary stacks by the maximum number of stages exceeds 1, the temporary stack may be divided by the maximum number of stages to generate a plurality of final stacks.

In the dividing step, if the remainder obtained by dividing the number of stages of the temporary stack by the maximum stage is 1, the temporary stack may be divided by the maximum stage - 1 to generate two final stacks.

The loading area information may include a total width and a total length of one or more final stacks disposed on a plane, and the luggage compartment area information may include a width and a length of a luggage compartment.

The checking step may include a stack sorting step of arranging the one or more final stacks in ascending order based on the maximum width of the PC slab; a arranging step of sequentially arranging the one or more final stacks in order of columns and rows on the plane under the condition that the total width of the one or more final stacks does not exceed the width of the luggage compartment; and determining whether the total width and total length of the one or more final stacks are less than or equal to the width and length of the luggage compartment.

A calculation step of calculating the number of reshuffling work for the one or more final stacks by the formula below,

Here, Reshuffling Work is the number of reworks, Total number of movements is the number of movements that can occur for the final stack to work in the installation order, and Optimal number of movements is the number of movements that occur when the final stack is arranged in the installation order. can

A calculation step of calculating stability for the one or more final stacks by the formula below,

Here, Stability of the i ^th Slab (%) is the stability of each PC slab in the final stack, Area of the i ^th Slab is the area of any one PC slab in the final stack, and Overlapping area of under Slab (s ) and i ^th Slab may be the overlapping area of any one PC slab in the final stack and the PC slab(s) below it.

According to the present invention, by performing the generation step, slab alignment step, division step, confirmation step, and calculation step, all cargo loading characteristics of the PC slab stack desired by key managers are reflected, and transported in consideration of the characteristics of the PC slab stack It is possible to provide a method for optimizing the loading of precast concrete slab stacks to achieve load optimization specific to the OSC project.

1 and 2 are diagrams showing various examples of PC slab stacks.
3A and 3B are flowcharts of a method for optimizing cargo loading of a precast concrete slab stack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing IBD and OBD calculated in Phase 3, that is, the slab alignment step, of the method for optimizing the loading of a precast concrete slab stack of FIG. 3A.
FIG. 5 is a view showing the allowable position of dunage determined in Phase 3, that is, the slab alignment step, of the method of optimizing the cargo loading of the precast concrete slab stack of FIG. 3A.
6 and 7 are views showing Phase 4, that is, a stack alignment step, of the method for optimizing the loading of a precast concrete slab stack of FIG. 3B.
Figure 8 (a) is a diagram showing an example of Phase 1 of the method of optimizing the cargo loading of the precast concrete slab stack of Figure 3A.
Figure 8 (b) is a view showing an example of Phase 2, that is, the generation phase of the method of optimizing the cargo loading of the precast concrete slab stack of Figure 3A.
9 is a view showing an example of Phase 3, that is, a slab alignment step, of the method for optimizing the loading of a precast concrete slab stack of FIG. 3A.
FIG. 10 is a view showing an example of Phase 5, that is, a confirmation step, of the method for optimizing the loading of a precast concrete slab stack of FIG. 3B.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, in describing the present invention, descriptions of already known functions or configurations will be omitted to clarify the gist of the present invention.

The cargo loading optimization method (S100) of the precast concrete slab stack of the present invention reflects all the cargo loading characteristics of the PC slab stack 100 desired by key managers, and considers the characteristics of the PC slab stack 100 to be transported. This is done to achieve loading optimization specific to the OSC project.

Six considerations that the production manager of the factory considers when stacking the PC slab 101 are shown in [Table 1] below.

Consideration Type Description Degree of Consideration Factory Transport site (C1) Stack stability Goal A shape that can stably hold the entire load, such as a pyramid shape, is desirable. ○ ○ ○ (C2) Installation Sequence of Slabs Goal When configuring the PC Slab Stack, it is desirable to match the installation order. × × ○ (C3) Vertical Location of Dunnage Constraint Place it at the same coordinates above and below Dunnage. ○ × ○ (C4) Horizontal Location of Dunnage Constraint Dunnage uses at least two, and places them at L/4 ~ L/5 points at both ends of the PC. ○ × ○ (C5) Maximum number of PC Slabs Constraint To load on the trailer, the number of loading stages of the PC Slab Stack is maintained at x stages. △ ○ △ (C6) Dimension of PC Slab Stacks Constraint It is not possible to load beyond the loading standard (length) of the trailer. △ ○ △

When the production manager of the factory makes the PC slab stack 100, it is difficult to make an effective PC slab stack 100 for the successful execution of the OSC project because C2, C5, and C6 can be relatively ignored. In addition, C1 and C2 are targets that can be used to evaluate whether the stack is good, and C3 to C6 are constraints that must be observed when making the PC slab stack 100 to prevent damage to members and comply with laws. 1 and 2 are views showing various examples of the PC slab stack 100. As shown in FIG. 1, unlike a panel member, in the PC slab stack 100, a dunnage 200 must be included between each PC slab 101. The numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 written for each PC slab 101 are arbitrary numbers for distinguishing the PC slabs 101.

Hardened concrete may be damaged by impact during transportation, and if the damage is serious, it cannot be used at a construction site, so a dunage 200 that serves as a buffer when creating the PC slab stack 100 is required. As shown in FIG. 1(b), in order for the dunage 200 to effectively act as a buffer, the dunage 200 must be placed on the same vertical and horizontal lines.

As shown in FIG. 1, since the PC slab 101 can be seriously damaged during transportation if the related constraints of the Dunnage 200 are not observed, the size of the members constituting the PC slab stack 100 Depending on the case, the PC slab stack 100 needs to be divided. The details of the six considerations are as follows.

Stability of PC Slab Stack (C1)

As shown in FIG. 2 (a), a shape capable of stably maintaining the entire load is preferable, such as a pyramid shape or a box shape. As shown in FIG. 2(b), the inverted pyramid shape can show good performance in reshuffling, but is disadvantageous in terms of stability. If the stability (stability) of the PC slab stack 100 is 70% or more, it can be considered stable.

Installation Sequence of Slabs (C2)

When a construction site manager receives the PC slab stack 100 and proceeds with installation work, the PC slab stack 100 is created by considering the installation order of the PC slab 101 so that reshuffling work can occur to a minimum. Should be. As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the worker at the construction site must put down the topmost member 3 and member 2 of the PC slab stack 100 on the ground and install member 1, so rework is performed twice will experience As shown in FIG. 2(b), since the optimal case is to install all once (three times), rework becomes zero. From a rework perspective, Figure 2(b) can be viewed as a better PC slab stack 100.

Vertical Location of Dunnage (C3)

In one PC slab stack 100, the dunage 200 must be equally vertically positioned. As shown in FIG. 1(a), if the top and bottom positions of the dunage 200 are not the same, this is because the PC slab 101 is damaged during transportation.

Horizontal Location of Dunnage (C4)

When placing the dunage 200 on one PC slab 101, the position of the dunage 200 should be at L/4 to L/5 points from both ends of the PC slab 101. This is because it is most stable against the bending moment when the dunnage 200 at both ends of L/4 to L/5 of the PC slab 101 is located.

Maximum number of PC Slabs (C5)

In order for the PC slab stack 100 to be transported on a flat-trailer, the maximum number of stages must not be exceeded. This is because when the PC slab stack 100 is loaded in the luggage compartment TA of the trailer, transportation efficiency can be maintained according to the number of stacking stages.

Dimension of PC Slab Stacks (C6)

In order to be transported on a trailer (Flat-Trailer), the PC slab stack 100 must be reviewed for trailer specifications. This is because there is a risk of traffic accidents with other vehicles if the load exceeds the trailer's specifications according to the Road Act.

3A and 3B are flowcharts of a method (S100) for optimizing the cargo loading of a precast concrete slab stack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the method for optimizing the cargo loading of a precast concrete slab stack according to an embodiment of the present invention (S100) is made to create a precast concrete slab stack optimized for cargo loading, It includes step S110, slab alignment step S120, division step S130, confirmation step S140 and calculation step S150.

Phase 1 described in FIG. 3 is a step in which the user inputs an input value before the generating step (S110). Phase 2 means the generation step (S110). Phase 3 means the slab alignment step (S120). Phase 4 means the division step (S130). Phase 5 means a confirmation step (S140). Phase 6 means the calculation step (S150). The input, output, and related considerations of each stage are shown in [Table 2] below.

Phase Function Input Output Consideration One Input data and parameters Project context, expert judgment Slab dimension, trailer dimension, installation sequence, tolerance, max layer, offset between stacks - 2 Make a preliminary stack by tolerance Slab dimension, tolerance Preliminary stack C1 3 Develop a stack with stackability and installation sequence Preliminary stack, slab dimension, installation sequence Developed stack C2, C3, C4 4 Divide stacks by maximum layer Developed stacks, maximum layer Finalized stacks C5 5 Check loaderability of stacks Finalized stacks, trailer dimensions, Loaderability for trailers C6 6 Calculate and report metrics Finalized stacks, loaderability for trailer Stability and reshuffling work for each stack -

As shown in FIG. 3A, in Phase 1, the person in charge of production management of the factory inputs information on the PC slab 101 to be transported and Tolerance, Maximum layer, and Offset values. Among the input information, the PC slab 101 information is delivered to Phase 2. The PC slab 101 information includes dimensions such as length, width, and height, and an installation order.

Tolerance determines the allowable maximum area difference between PC slabs 101 that can be bundled into the same PC slab stack 100, maintains the stability of the PC slab stack 100 at a certain level or more, and simultaneously manages production. It is necessary to show the manager several alternatives.

Tolerance can be input in units of 0 to 1, 0 to 100%, and the like. For example, if the production manager sets Tolerance to 30%, the computer may group PC slabs 101 having a difference in area within 30% into one PC slab stack 100.

In addition, the person in charge of production management determines the maximum number of PC slabs 101 that one PC slab stack 100 can have in order to prevent overturning in the member transportation process and to comply with transportation laws. For example, when the maximum number of stages is 3, one PC slab stack 100 can configure up to three stages of PC slabs 101.

Offset value (Offset between stacks) means a distance that must be separated between PC slab stacks 100 to prevent damage to members during loading, transportation and installation, and allows the production manager to arbitrarily set. The offset value means the distance between the PC slab stacks 100 when the PC slab stacks 100 are loaded on the luggage compartment TA of the trailer.

As shown in FIG. 3A, Phase 2, that is, the generation step (S110) reflects C1, and among the plurality of PC slabs 101, the PC slabs 101 that satisfy the reference area information are the number of PC slabs 101. A bundle, that is, a temporary stack (100A; preliminary stack) is created. The reference area information satisfies the following [Equation 1].

Here, AREA _PICKED is the area of the PC slab 101 of the maximum area among the plurality of PC slabs 101, and AREA _REMAIN is the area of the PC slab 101 that does not belong to the temporary group among the plurality of PC slabs 101, Tolerance is a user input value between 0 and 1.

Tolerance can also be a user input value from 0 to 100%. In this case, [Equation 1] may be as follows.

When Tolerance is a user input value of 0 to 100%, if Tolerance is 100, it means that all PC slabs 101 can be contained in one PC slab stack 100. In this case, since the PC slabs 101 can be stacked according to the installation order, it is very advantageous in terms of reshuffling. However, in terms of stability, it is very disadvantageous because an unstable temporary stack 100A can be created.

On the other hand, if the Tolerance is 0, the PC slab 101 is inevitably stacked based on the area of the PC slab 101, so the temporary stack 100A is configured in the same box shape as the pyramid, which is the most stable shape. In this case, it is advantageous in terms of stability, but very disadvantageous in terms of reshuffling. Therefore, the production manager inputs a tolerance value between 0 and 100.

The method by which the computer creates the PC slab 101 as the temporary stack 100A is as follows. The computer first calculates the area of each PC slab 101 using the information received through Phase 1 as in the formula below, and arranges the PC slabs 101 in descending order (S111).

Area of PC slab 101 = Length × Width

At this time, the length (length) is the length of the PC slab 101 in the long direction, and the width (width) is the length of the PC slab 101 in one direction. Then, the computer includes all the PC slabs 101 in the unstacked list, and selects the PC slab 101 (hereinafter 'maximum slab') having the largest area among them (S112).

Then, among the PC slabs 101 included in the unstacked list, all of the PC slabs 101 that satisfy the formula below are found (S113), and the temporary stack 100A is configured (S114) by grouping them together with the largest slab.

Area of a slab > Area of the picked slab × (1 - tolerance)

As shown in FIG. 3A, the slab sorting step (S120) is a step of arranging the PC slabs 101 whose Dunnage 200 information matches among the PC slabs 101 belonging to the temporary stack 100A in the order of installation am.

In Phase 3, the computer receives the temporary stack (100A) and considers the dunnage boundary (inner boundary for dunnage; IBD, outer boundary for dunnage; OBD) and the installation sequence (reflecting C2, C3, and C4). Create a PC slab stack 100 that can be stacked with

Since the Dunnage 200 must be placed at the L/4 to L/5 point at both ends of the slab, the computer is the closest position (Inner bound) to the center of the PC slab 101 where the PC slab 101 can be placed. The outer bound is calculated by the following formulas (S121), and it is determined whether the dunage 200 information of all PC slabs 101 belonging to the temporary stack 100A is identical (S122).

The dunnage 200 under the PC slab 101 must be located between the inner bound and the outer bound, that is, in the allowed position of dunnage.

4 is a diagram showing IBD and OBD calculated in Phase 3, that is, the slab alignment step (S120) of the method for optimizing the cargo load of the precast concrete slab stack (S100) of FIG. 3A.

As shown in FIG. 4, the area of the PC slab 101 is 4,000 (= 100 × 40), the inner bound is 25 (= 100/4), and the outer bound is 30 (= (3 × 100)/ 10), the dunage 200 can be placed at a distance between 25 and 30 from the center of the PC slab 101 in the length direction.

FIG. 5 is a view showing the allowable position of the dunnage 200 determined in Phase 3 of the method for optimizing the loading of precast concrete slab stacks (S100) of FIG. 3A, that is, in the slab alignment step (S120).

As shown in FIG. 5(a), if all the dunnages 200 in the temporary stack 100A overlap in their allowed positions, the temporary stacks 100A can be stacked in any arrangement. Therefore, the number of reshuffling work is minimized by arranging in the installation sequence (S124).

As shown in FIG. 5(b), if the Dunnage 200 of a specific PC slab 101 of the temporary stack 100A cannot be placed in the same horizontal position as the Dunnage 200 of another PC slab 101 , the corresponding PC slab 101 is deleted from the temporary stack 100A, returned to the unstacked slab list (S123), and used to construct a new temporary stack 100A together with the remaining PC slabs 101. That is, in the sorting step, the PC slab 101 whose dunnage 200 information is inconsistent is returned to the state before the temporary stack 100A was created.

The computer repeats the processes of Phases 2 and 3 until all PC slabs 101 in the unstacked slab list form the temporary stack 100A and are aligned in the installation order.

That is, in the sorting step, after arranging the PC slabs 101 having matching Dunnage 200 information in the order of installation, it is determined whether there is a PC slab 101 that does not belong to the temporary stack 100A (S125), When the existence of the PC slab 101 that does not belong to the temporary stack 100A is confirmed, the temporary stack 100A is further created by changing the reference area information in the creation step S110. The reference area information is automatically changed in S113.

As shown in FIG. 3B, the division step (S130) is a step of generating one or more final stacks 100F by dividing the temporary stack 100A to be less than or equal to the maximum number of stages.

That is, in the division step (S130), the computer divides the temporary stacks 100A in consideration of the maximum layer set in Phase 1 to generate finalized stacks 100F for transportation. Phase 4 mirrors C5. The temporary stack 100A is divided to be less than the maximum layer input in Phase 1.

In the dividing step S130, if the maximum number of stages is greater than the number of stages of the temporary stack 100A, one final stack 100F is created without dividing the temporary stack 100A. For example, if the maximum number of stages is 4 and the number of stages of the temporary stack 100A is 3, the temporary stack 100A is converted into the final stack 100F.

In the dividing step S130, if the value obtained by dividing the number of stages of the temporary stack 100A by the maximum number of stages exceeds 1 or is 0, the temporary stack 100A is divided into the maximum number of stages to generate a plurality of final stacks 100F. For example, if the maximum number of stages is 4 and the number of stages of the temporary stack 100A is 6, a 4-stage final stack 100F and a 2-stage final stack 100F are generated.

In the division step S130, if the remainder obtained by dividing the number of stages of the temporary stack 100A by the maximum number of stages is 1, the temporary stack 100A is divided by the number of stages minus 1 to generate two final stacks 100F. For example, if the maximum number of stages is 4 and the number of stages of the temporary stack 100A is 5, a 3-stage final stack 100F and a 2-stage final stack 100F are generated.

As shown in FIG. 3B, the confirmation step (S140) is a step of generating loading area information of one or more final stacks 100F and comparing it with luggage compartment area information. That is, Phase 5 is a step for checking whether all the final stacks 100F can actually be loaded in the TA of the trailer (reflecting C6).

If all of the final stacks (100F) cannot fit in the trailer's TA, the production manager can adjust the maximum layer or tolerance to test different stack configurations or load the trailer's TA. The amount of loaded PC slabs 101 should be reduced.

Phase 5 does not specify the exact location of the final stack (100F) loaded on the trailer, but determines whether the final stack (100F) created by figuring out the dimensions of the trailer is loaded on the TA of the trailer It is a step to

As shown in FIG. 3B, the confirmation step (S140) includes a stack alignment step (S141), an arrangement step (S142), and a determination step (S143).

6 and 7 are diagrams showing Phase 4, that is, the stack alignment step (S141) of the method (S100) for optimizing the cargo loading of the precast concrete slab stack of FIG. 3B.

As shown in FIG. 6(a), in the stack sorting step (S141), the computer first sorts the final stacks 100F in ascending order based on width. At this time, the width of the final stack 100F is the maximum of the widths of the PC slabs 101 included in the final stack 100F.

As shown in FIGS. 6(b), 6(c), and 6(d), in the arrangement step (S142 to S146), the total width of one or more final stacks 100F exceeds the width of the luggage compartment TA. Under the condition (S143) not to do so, it is a step of arranging one or more sorted final stacks 100F in order of columns and rows on a plane (S144).

When one final stack (100F) is arranged, it is determined whether the remaining final stacks (100F) exist (S146), and the next final stack (100F) among the remaining final stacks (100F) is selected in order (S142) to trailer the trailer. It is placed in the upper left of the luggage compartment (TA).

As shown in FIG. 6(b), the computer sequentially selects (S142) the first final stack (S1), that is, the final stack (S1 with the smallest width), and places the top of the trailer luggage compartment (TA). Arrange the final stack (S1) on the upper left.

As shown in FIG. 7(c), if the width of the luggage compartment of the remaining trailer after the final stack S1 is disposed is smaller than the width of the final stack S2 to be disposed, in FIG. 7(d) As shown, the space A1 to the right of the previously arranged final stack S1 is designated as unusable (S135), and the next final stack S2 is disposed in the space below the arranged final stack S1. Likewise, the next final stack S3 is disposed in the space below the final stack S2 arranged in the same manner.

As shown in FIGS. 6(d) and 7(d), the determination step (S147) is a step of determining whether the total width and total length of one or more final stacks 100F are less than or equal to the width and length of the luggage compartment TA. am.

After all the final stacks (100F) are arranged, the cargo area information of the trailer luggage compartment (TA) and the loading area information of the final stacks (100F) are compared to load the final stacks (100F) into the luggage compartment (TA) of the trailer. Determine whether it is possible (loaderability).

The loading area information includes the total width and total length of one or more final stacks 100F disposed on a plane, and the luggage compartment area information includes the width and length of the luggage compartment TA. As shown in FIG. 7(d), when the total width and total length of one or more final stacks 100F exceed the specifications of the luggage compartment TA, it is output that an additional trailer may be needed to the person in charge of production management.

As shown in FIG. 3B, the calculation step (S150) is a step of calculating (S151) and reporting (S152) the number of reshuffling work and stability for one or more final stacks 100F.

The number of reshuffling work for one or more final stacks (100F) is calculated by [Equation 2] below.

Here, Reshuffling Work is the number of reworks, Total number of movements is the number of movements that can occur for the final stack (100F) to work in the order of installation, and Optimal number of movements is the number of times the final stack (100F) is arranged in the order of installation. is the number of moves that occur when

The stability of one or more final stacks 100F is calculated by [Equation 3] below.

Here, Stability of the i ^th Slab (%) is the stability of each PC slab 101 in the final stack (100F), and Area of the i ^th Slab is any one PC slab 101 in the final stack (100F) ), and the overlapping area of under slab(s) and i ^th slab is the overlapping area of one PC slab 101 in the final stack 100F and the PC slabs 101 below it.

The person in charge of production management may adjust PC slab 101 information and parameters according to the report result (S153). The method for optimizing the loading of precast concrete slab stacks (S100) according to an embodiment of the present invention quickly creates PC slab stacks 100 that meet conditions and outputs them, thereby enabling the production manager to make stacking decisions. can support

Figure 8 (a) is a diagram showing an example of Phase 1 of the method (S100) of optimizing the cargo loading of the precast concrete slab stack of Figure 3A. 8(b) is a view showing an example of Phase 2, that is, the generation step (S110) of the method (S100) for optimizing the cargo loading of the precast concrete slab stack of FIG. 3A.

9 is a diagram showing an example of Phase 3, that is, a slab alignment step (S120) of the method (S100) for optimizing the loading of a precast concrete slab stack of FIG. 3A. 10B is a view showing an example of Phase 5, that is, the confirmation step (S140) of the method (S100) for optimizing the cargo loading of the precast concrete slab stack of FIG.

8 and 9, when tolerance is 30 and maximum layer is 4, phase 2 and phase 3 are repeated about three times to create a temporary stack (100A).

As shown in FIG. 10, the three temporary stacks 100A check whether the trailer can be loaded into the TA, and output stability and the number of reshuffling work as indicators.

The result of the cargo loading optimization method (S100) of the precast concrete slab stack shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 is that three PC slab stacks (100) can be loaded on a trailer, and the stability is 81% for PC slab stack 1 (S1). , PC slab stack 2 (S2) represents 92%, PC slab stack 3 (S3) represents 100%, the number of reworks is 0, and the number of errors is 0.

According to the present invention, by performing the generation step (S110), slab alignment step (S120), division step (S130), confirmation step (S140), and calculation step (S150), the PC slab stack 100 desired by the main managers The cargo loading optimization method (S100) of the precast concrete slab stack, which reflects all cargo loading characteristics, plans to be transported in consideration of the characteristics of the PC slab stack 100, and achieves loading optimization specific to the OSC project be able to provide

In the foregoing, although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described and shown, the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and it is common knowledge in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is self-evident to those who have Therefore, such modifications or variations should not be individually understood from the technical spirit or viewpoint of the present invention, and modified embodiments should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

S100: How to optimize cargo loading
S110: Generation step
S120: slab alignment step
S130: division step
S140: Confirmation step
S141: stack alignment step
S142: arrangement step
S143: Judgment step
S150: Calculation step
100: PC slab stack
100A: temporary stack
100F: final stack
101: PC slab
200: Dunnage

Claims (11)

a creation step of generating a temporary stack with PC slabs that satisfy reference area information among a plurality of PC slabs;
a slab sorting step of arranging the PC slabs having the same Dunnage information among the PC slabs belonging to the temporary stack in an installation order;
a division step of generating one or more final stacks by dividing the temporary stack to be less than or equal to the maximum number of stages; and
The cargo loading optimization method of the precast concrete slab stack, characterized in that it comprises a confirmation step of generating the loading area information of the one or more final stacks and comparing them with the cargo area information. According to claim 1,
In the sorting step, after arranging the PC slabs matching the Dunnage information in the order of installation, determining whether the PC slabs that do not belong to the temporary stack exist;
When the presence of the PC slab that does not belong to the temporary stack is confirmed, the cargo loading optimization method of the precast concrete slab stack, characterized in that to further create the temporary stack by changing the reference area information in the generating step. According to claim 1,
The reference area information satisfies the following formula,

Here, AREA _PICKED is the area of the PC slab with the maximum area among the plurality of PC slabs, AREA _REMAIN is the area of the PC slab that does not belong to the temporary group among the plurality of PC slabs, and Tolerance is a user input value of 0 to 1. A method for optimizing the loading of precast concrete slab stacks using According to claim 1,
In the aligning step, the PC slab for which the dunnage information is inconsistent is returned to a state before the temporary stack is created. According to claim 1,
In the dividing step, if the maximum number of stages is greater than the number of stages of the temporary stack, one final stack is generated without dividing the temporary stack. According to claim 1,
In the dividing step, if the value obtained by dividing the number of stages of the temporary stack by the maximum number of stages exceeds 1, the temporary stack is divided by the maximum number of stages to generate a plurality of final stacks. method. According to claim 1,
In the dividing step, if the remainder of dividing the number of stages of the temporary stack by the maximum number of stages is 1, the temporary stack is divided by the maximum number of stages -1 to create two final stacks. optimization method. According to claim 1,
The loading area information includes a total width and a total length of the one or more final stacks disposed on a plane,
The load optimization method of the precast concrete slab stack, characterized in that the luggage area information includes the width and length of the luggage compartment. According to claim 1,
The verification step is
A stack sorting step of arranging the one or more final stacks in ascending order based on the maximum width of the PC slab;
a arranging step of sequentially arranging the one or more final stacks in order of columns and rows on the plane under the condition that the total width of the one or more final stacks does not exceed the width of the luggage compartment; and
A method for optimizing cargo loading of a precast concrete slab stack, characterized in that it comprises a determining step of determining whether the total width and total length of the at least one final stack are less than or equal to the width and length of the luggage compartment. According to claim 1,
A calculation step of calculating the number of reshuffling work for the one or more final stacks by the formula below,

Here, Reshuffling Work is the number of reworks, Total number of movements is the number of movements that can occur for the final stack to work in the installation order, and Optimal number of movements is the number of movements that occur when the final stack is arranged in the installation order. Method for optimizing cargo loading of a precast concrete slab stack, characterized in that. According to claim 1,
A calculation step of calculating stability for the one or more final stacks by the formula below,

Here, Stability of the i ^th Slab (%) is the stability of each PC slab in the final stack, Area of the i ^th Slab is the area of any one PC slab in the final stack, and Overlapping area of under Slab (s ) and i ^th Slab is a method for optimizing cargo loading of a precast concrete slab stack, characterized in that the overlapped area of any one PC slab in the final stack and the PC slab (s) below it.

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