KR20230063225A - Exhaust gas treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

According to an embodiment of the present invention, an exhaust gas treatment apparatus is provided. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas treatment apparatus comprises: an exhaust pipe supplying, a selective catalytic reduction reactor, exhaust gas containing soot generated from a combustion engine, and an inlet connected to the combustion engine and an outlet connected to the selective catalytic reduction reactor; a wing installed inside the exhaust pipe between the inlet and the outlet to generate centrifugal force by rotating the exhaust gas; a soot collection tank formed by opening or protruding at least a portion of the exhaust pipe between the wing and the outlet, and collecting soot contained in the exhaust gas; and a spray nozzle spraying at least one among ammonia, an ammonia solution, and urea water into the exhaust pipe between the inlet and the outlet, and stretchable in the longitudinal direction of the exhaust pipe so that the position of a nozzle end can change. Therefore, nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas can be effectively removed in the selective catalytic reduction reactor.

Description

Exhaust gas treatment apparatus {Exhaust gas treatment apparatus}

The present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment device, and more particularly, to an exhaust gas treatment device capable of improving the effect of removing nitrogen oxides in a selective catalytic reduction reactor by effectively separating soot, an inflammable substance contained in exhaust gas. It is about.

In general, various engines installed in ships generate power by burning fuel, and exhaust gas generated during the combustion of fuel contains harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur oxides (SOx). Since these harmful substances are a major cause of air pollution, it is necessary to remove them from exhaust gas. In general, sulfur oxides are removed using a wet scrubber, and nitrogen oxides are removed using a selective catalytic reduction (SCR). The selective catalytic reduction reactor injects urea water into the exhaust gas discharged from the engine, passes it through a catalyst layer, and reacts ammonia and nitrogen oxides generated by thermal decomposition of urea water, thereby converting the nitrogen oxides into water and nitrogen.

Meanwhile, soot, which is an inflammable material due to incomplete combustion of fuel, is also introduced into the selective catalytic reduction reactor. The soot adheres to the catalyst of the selective catalytic reduction reactor and interferes with the reaction of ammonia and nitrogen oxides. Therefore, in the prior art, a soot blower was installed in the selective catalytic reduction reactor to separate the soot attached to the catalyst, but there is a problem in that the soot blower is structurally complicated and manufacturing and installation costs increase as a separate soot blower is installed.

Accordingly, there is a need for an exhaust gas treatment device capable of improving the nitrogen oxide removal effect by separating the soot included in the exhaust gas with a simple structure.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1758217 (2017.07.10.)

A technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas treatment device capable of improving the nitrogen oxide removal effect in a selective catalytic reduction reactor by effectively separating soot, which is an inflammable material, contained in exhaust gas.

The technical problems of the present invention are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

An exhaust gas treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above technical problem supplies exhaust gas containing soot generated from a combustion engine to a selective catalytic reduction reactor, and includes an inlet portion connected to the combustion engine and An exhaust pipe including an outlet connected to the selective catalytic reduction reactor, a wing part installed inside the exhaust pipe between the inlet and the outlet, and generating centrifugal force by rotating the exhaust gas, and the wing and the outlet At least a part of the exhaust pipe between the parts is formed by opening or protruding, and a soot collection tank for collecting the soot contained in the exhaust gas, and ammonia, ammonia aqueous solution, and an injection nozzle that injects at least one of urea water and is expandable along the longitudinal direction of the exhaust pipe so that the position of the nozzle end is variable.

The injection nozzle may extend in length toward the inlet or the outlet.

The spray nozzle may include a storage tank located outside the exhaust pipe and storing at least one of the ammonia, the aqueous ammonia solution, and the urea solution; one end connected to the storage tank and the other end penetrating the exhaust pipe in a radial direction to It may include a fixed tube located inside the exhaust pipe, and a flexible tube coupled vertically to the fixed tube, having the nozzle end coupled to the end, and having a length that is flexible.

The expansion tube may pass through the center of the wing unit.

The fixing pipe is located inside the exhaust pipe between the inlet and the wing, and the extension pipe extends in length and may pass through the center of the wing.

In the exhaust pipe, a stepped portion may be formed in the exhaust pipe between the inlet portion and the outlet portion, the inner diameter of which decreases stepwise in a direction in which the exhaust gas moves.

The wing part may be located between the inlet part and the stepped part, and the soot collection tank may be located between the wing part and the stepped part.

In the soot collection tank, a soot outlet for collecting the soot may be formed adjacent to the stepped portion.

According to the present invention, soot, which is an inflammable substance included in exhaust gas, can be separated from the front end of the selective catalytic reduction reactor and collected in the soot collection tank. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the soot from adhering to the catalyst of the selective catalytic reduction reactor and interfering with the reaction of ammonia and nitrogen oxides, and thus, nitrogen oxides included in exhaust gas in the selective catalytic reduction reactor can be effectively removed.

In addition, since the injection nozzle is extensible in the longitudinal direction of the exhaust pipe, the position of the nozzle end can be varied, so that at least one of ammonia, aqueous ammonia, and urea water can be easily mixed with the exhaust gas.

1 is a diagram showing an exhaust gas treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of part A of FIG. 1 cut in the longitudinal direction.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 2;
4 is an exemplary view showing a disposition state of injection nozzles.
5 is an operation diagram for explaining the operation of the exhaust gas treatment device.

Advantages and features of the present invention, and methods of achieving them, will become clear with reference to the detailed description of the following embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but may be implemented in various different forms, and only these embodiments make the disclosure of the present invention complete, and common knowledge in the art to which the present invention belongs. It is provided to completely inform the person who has the scope of the invention, and the present invention is only defined by the scope of the claims. Like reference numbers designate like elements throughout the specification.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5, an exhaust gas treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

1 is a diagram showing an exhaust gas treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

An exhaust gas treatment device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is a device for removing soot included in exhaust gas generated in a combustion engine (EG) and supplied to a selective catalytic reduction reactor (SCR) through an exhaust pipe 10. , for example, can be applied to ships.

The exhaust gas treatment device 1 may separate soot, which is an inflammable material included in the exhaust gas, from the front of the selective catalytic reduction reactor (SCR) and collect it in the soot collection tank 30 . Therefore, it is possible to prevent the soot from adhering to the catalyst of the selective catalytic reduction reactor (SCR) and interfering with the reaction of ammonia and nitrogen oxides. can be effectively removed. In addition, since the injection nozzle 40 is extensible in the longitudinal direction of the exhaust pipe, the position of the nozzle end 41 can be varied, so that at least one of ammonia, aqueous ammonia, and urea water can be easily mixed with the exhaust gas. there is

Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4, the exhaust gas treatment device 1 will be described in detail.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the longitudinal direction of part A of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is an exemplary view showing the arrangement of spray nozzles.

An exhaust gas treatment device 1 according to the present invention includes an exhaust pipe 10, wing parts 20, a soot collection tank 30, and a spray nozzle 40.

The exhaust pipe 10 is a pipe for supplying exhaust gas including soot generated from the combustion engine EG to the selective catalytic reduction reactor (SCR), and includes an inlet 10a connected to the combustion engine EG and a selective catalyst. It includes an outlet part 10b connected to the reduction reactor (SCR). That is, the exhaust gas flows into the inlet 10a of the exhaust pipe 10 and is discharged through the outlet 10b. Combustion engines (EG) usually burn fossil fuels to generate various powers required for ships, so exhaust gases are generated by burning fossil fuels, and the generated exhaust gases contain a large amount of nitrogen oxides and soot due to incomplete combustion. may be included. Nitrogen oxides included in the exhaust gas cause air pollution and soot deteriorates the function of the selective catalytic reduction reactor (SCR), so it is necessary to remove them from the exhaust gas. Nitrogen oxides are removed in a selective catalytic reduction reactor (SCR), and since the selective catalytic reduction reactor (SCR) is a known technology, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. Soot may be collected in a soot collection tank 40 to be described later. A stepped portion 11 may be formed inside the exhaust pipe 10 .

The stepped portion 11 is a portion whose inner diameter decreases stepwise in a direction in which the exhaust gas moves, and may be formed inside the exhaust pipe 10 between the inlet portion 10a and the outlet portion 10b. For example, the inner diameter of the exhaust pipe 10 decreases along the stepped portion 11 so that the inner diameter d2 of the outlet portion 10b is smaller than the inner diameter d1 of the inlet portion 10a. As the stepped portion 11 is formed inside the exhaust pipe 10, when the wing portion 20, which will be described later, generates centrifugal force in the exhaust gas, soot separated from the exhaust gas due to its relatively heavy and large particles is placed on the stepped portion 11. It is caught and cannot flow into the outlet part 10b, and thus, it is possible to prevent soot from flowing into the selective catalytic reduction reactor (SCR).

The wing portion 20 generates centrifugal force by rotating the exhaust gas, and the exhaust pipe 10 between the inlet portion 10a and the outlet portion 10b, more specifically, the inlet portion 10a and the stepped portion 11 It may be installed inside the exhaust pipe 10 between. The shape of the wings 20 is not limited, but for example, a cylindrical body disposed in the center of the exhaust pipe 10 and radially arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the body are refracted along the circumferential direction of the exhaust pipe 10. And the end may be made of a plurality of blades fixed inside the exhaust pipe (10). That is, the wing part 20 is fixedly installed inside the exhaust pipe 10, and the exhaust gas can be rotated while flowing along the wing surface of the blade. As the wing 20 rotates the exhaust gas to generate centrifugal force, as described above, the relatively heavy and large-sized soot is separated from the exhaust gas by the centrifugal force and moves away from the center of the exhaust pipe 10, and the soot collection tank 30 ) can be easily captured. In addition, since the exhaust gas is converted into a turbulent flow, at least one of ammonia, ammonia aqueous solution, and urea water sprayed from the injection nozzle 40 to be described later can be easily mixed with the exhaust gas.

The soot collection tank 30 collects the soot contained in the exhaust gas, and the exhaust pipe 10 between the wing part 20 and the outlet part 10b, more specifically, the wing part 20 and the stepped part 11 ) At least a part of the exhaust pipe 10 between them may be formed by opening or protruding. For example, the soot collection tank 30 may be formed by partially penetrating the exhaust pipe 10 between the wing portion 20 and the stepped portion 11, or between the wing portion 20 and the stepped portion 11. The exhaust pipe 10 may be formed to partially protrude toward the center of the exhaust pipe 10 . However, the soot collection tank 30 is not limited to being formed by opening or protruding at least a portion of the exhaust pipe 10 between the wing portion 20 and the stepped portion 11, and is separated from the exhaust gas by centrifugal force. Any structure is possible as long as the suit can be filtered and collected. Hereinafter, a structure in which the soot collection tank 30 is formed by opening a part of the exhaust pipe 10 between the wing portion 20 and the stepped portion 11 will be described with more emphasis.

In the soot collection tank 30, the soot outlet 30a for collecting soot is formed by opening the exhaust pipe 10 between the wing portion 20 and the stepped portion 11 and formed adjacent to the stepped portion 11. can That is, the soot separated from the exhaust gas by the centrifugal force moves away from the center of the exhaust pipe 10 and is collected in the soot collection tank 30 through the soot outlet 30a. Since the soot outlet 30a is formed adjacent to the stepped portion 11, as described above, the soot is caught on the stepped portion 11 and is easily discharged through the soot outlet 30a without flowing into the outlet portion 10b. It can be. The exhaust pipe 10 is at least partially expanded between the inlet part 10a and the outlet part 10b so that the inner diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the stepped part 11 and the expansion part 12 in which the soot collection tank 30 is formed Since it includes, the soot discharged through the soot outlet 30a can be collected in the expansion part 12 constituting the inner space of the soot collection tank 30. The expansion part 12 may be formed to be larger than the soot outlet 30a and extend toward the wings 20 from the outside of the exhaust pipe 10 in order to prevent the collected soot from escaping back to the soot outlet 30a. . In addition, the soot collection tank 30 may have a soot discharge hole (not shown) through which collected soot is discharged to the outside. The soot discharge hole may be closed by a cover (not shown) such as a manhole, and may be selectively opened and closed by a user when necessary. If necessary, a drain pipe (not shown) may be connected to the soot discharge hole to immediately discharge the collected soot.

The injection nozzle 40 injects at least one of ammonia, aqueous ammonia, and urea solution into the exhaust pipe 10 between the inlet part 10a and the outlet part 10b, and is expandable along the length direction of the exhaust pipe 10. Thus, the position of the nozzle end 41 can be varied. At this time, the spray nozzle 40 may extend in length toward the inlet portion 10a or the outlet portion 10b. By varying the position of the nozzle end 41, it is possible to adjust the time or distance at which at least one of ammonia, aqueous ammonia, and urea water sprayed through the nozzle end 41 and the exhaust gas flow together and mix, thereby adjusting the mixing. It can be made more easily, and accordingly, the reaction between ammonia and nitrogen oxides can be effectively performed in the selective catalytic reduction reactor (SCR), so that the removal rate of nitrogen oxides can be increased.

The injection nozzle 40 may include a storage tank 42, a fixed pipe 43, and an expansion pipe 44. The storage tank 42 is a tank for storing at least one of ammonia, aqueous ammonia, and urea water, and may be located outside the exhaust pipe 10 . When two or more of ammonia, aqueous ammonia, and urea solution are stored in the storage tank 42, the storage tank 42 may be partitioned with a partition wall or the like to prevent mixing of the stored fluids. A fixing pipe 43 is connected to the storage tank 42 . The fixing pipe 43 is a pipe for supplying at least one of ammonia, aqueous ammonia, and urea water stored in the storage tank 42, one end connected to the storage tank 42 and the other end penetrating the exhaust pipe 10 in the radial direction It may be located inside the exhaust pipe 10. However, it is not limited to that the fixing pipe 43 is connected to the storage tank 42 to receive at least one of ammonia, ammonia aqueous solution, and urea solution, and if necessary, ammonia, ammonia aqueous solution, and urea solution A pipe supplying at least one of them may be connected.

An expansion pipe 44 is connected to the fixed pipe 43 . The expansion pipe 44 is vertically connected to the fixed pipe 43, the nozzle end 41 is coupled to the end, and the length can be expanded along the longitudinal direction of the exhaust pipe 10. For example, the expansion tube 44 may include a cylinder coupled to the fixed tube 43, a piston coupled to be slidably movable inside the cylinder, and a motor for driving the piston, and the like. In the expansion tube 44, the nozzle end 41 is located at the front end of the wing 20 in the initial state in which the length is not extended, and when the length is extended, the nozzle end 41 passes through the center of the wing 20. It may be located at the rear end of the wing part 20 . When the expansion tube 44 is extended, the nozzle end 41 passes through the center of the wing 20 and is located at the rear end of the wing 20, so that even if the exhaust gas rotates and flows by the wing 20, the expansion tube 44 (44) can be fixed to the center of the exhaust pipe 10 without being shaken, so it can be structurally stable, and ammonia, ammonia aqueous solution, and urea solution sprayed to the center of the exhaust gas rotating through the wings 20 At least one of them spreads by centrifugal force and can be easily mixed with the exhaust gas. However, the nozzle end ( 41) is not limited to being located at the rear end of the wing portion 20, and the installation structure of the injection nozzle 40 may be variously modified.

For example, in the injection nozzle 40, as shown in (a) of FIG. 4, the fixed pipe 43 penetrates the exhaust pipe 10 between the wing part 20 and the stepped part 11, 44 may pass through the center of the wing 20 so that the nozzle end 41 may face the inlet 10a. In this case, since at least one of ammonia, ammonia aqueous solution, and urea solution is injected into the exhaust gas before passing through the wings 20, at least one of the sprayed ammonia, ammonia solution, and urea solution and the exhaust gas are injected into the wing unit 20. It can be easily mixed by rotating while passing through. In addition, the expansion tube 44 is not limited to being formed through the center of the wing portion 20, and if necessary, the expansion tube 44, as shown in (b) of FIG. 4, the wing portion It may be formed separately from (20). Even when the expansion pipe 44 is formed separately from the wing portion 20, the nozzle end 41 may face the inlet portion 10a or the outlet portion 10b. As shown in (b) of FIG. 4, the injection nozzle 40 is installed at a position opposite to the soot collection tank 30, and the expansion pipe 44 is installed between the stepped portion 11 and the outlet portion 10b. In the case of expansion and contraction, the injection nozzle 40 may inject the aqueous ammonia solution or urea solution at a point after the exhaust gas passes through the soot collection tank 30. The injection nozzle 40 injects the aqueous ammonia solution or the urea solution at a point after the exhaust gas has passed through the soot collection tank 30, thereby preventing large-mass liquid particles from being collected in the soot collection tank 30 together with the soot. can do.

The exhaust gas treatment device 1 may be formed as a single piece and installed between the combustion engine (EG) and the selective catalytic reduction reactor (SCR), or may be formed in a unit form and formed in a plurality of units between the combustion engine (EG) and the selective catalytic reduction reactor. (SCR) may be connected in series.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 5, the operation of the exhaust gas treatment device 1 will be described in more detail.

5 is an operation diagram for explaining the operation of the exhaust gas treatment device.

The exhaust gas treatment device 1 according to the present invention may separate soot, which is an inflammable material, from the exhaust gas at the front of the selective catalytic reduction reactor (SCR) and collect it in the soot collection tank 30. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the soot from adhering to the catalyst of the selective catalytic reduction reactor (SCR) and interfering with the reaction of ammonia and nitrogen oxides. can be effectively removed. In addition, since the injection nozzle 40 is extensible in the longitudinal direction of the exhaust pipe, the position of the nozzle end 41 can be varied, so that at least one of ammonia, aqueous ammonia, and urea water can be easily mixed with the exhaust gas.

Exhaust gas containing nitrogen oxides and soot generated in the combustion engine EG is introduced into the inlet 10a of the exhaust pipe 10 and rotated while passing through the wing 20 to generate centrifugal force. As the centrifugal force is generated in the exhaust gas, the heavy and large-sized soot is separated from the exhaust gas and deviates from the center of the exhaust pipe 10, and is discharged through the soot outlet 30a formed in the exhaust pipe 10 to the soot collection tank 30. are captured in Since the soot outlet 30a is formed adjacent to the stepped portion 11, the soot may be caught on the stepped portion 11 and discharged through the soot outlet 30a without flowing into the outlet portion 10b. Simultaneously or sequentially, at least one of ammonia, aqueous ammonia, and urea water stored in the storage tank 42 may be supplied to the expansion pipe 44 through the fixed pipe 43. At least one of ammonia, aqueous ammonia, and urea water supplied to the expansion pipe 44 passes through the wings 20 and is sprayed to the center of the rotating exhaust gas, spreads by centrifugal force, and can be easily mixed with the exhaust gas. At this time, the expansion and contraction pipe 44 expands and contracts along the longitudinal direction of the exhaust pipe 10 so that the injected fluid and the exhaust gas can be easily mixed, and the position of the nozzle end 41 can be varied.

After the soot is removed, the exhaust gas with only nitrogen oxides remaining is mixed with at least one of ammonia, aqueous ammonia, and urea water injected from the injection nozzle 40, and then supplied to the selective catalytic reduction reactor (SCR) through the outlet part 10b. . Since the exhaust gas from which soot is removed is supplied to the selective catalytic reduction reactor (SCR), the reaction between ammonia and nitrogen oxides is increased in the selective catalytic reduction reactor (SCR), so that nitrogen oxides included in the exhaust gas can be effectively reduced.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can be implemented in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. you will be able to understand Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood as illustrative in all respects and not limiting.

1: Exhaust gas treatment device
10: exhaust pipe 10a: inlet
10b: exit part 11: stepped part
12: extension part 20: wing part
30: soot collection tank 30a: soot outlet
40: injection nozzle 41: nozzle end
42: storage tank 43: fixed pipe
44: expansion pipe
EG: combustion engine SCR: selective catalytic reduction reactor

Claims (7)

an exhaust pipe supplying exhaust gas containing soot generated from a combustion engine to a selective catalytic reduction reactor, and including an inlet portion connected to the combustion engine and an outlet portion connected to the selective catalytic reduction reactor;
a wing part installed inside the exhaust pipe between the inlet part and the outlet part and generating centrifugal force by rotating the exhaust gas;
A soot collection tank formed by opening or protruding at least a portion of the exhaust pipe between the wing portion and the outlet portion and collecting the soot included in the exhaust gas; and
Exhaust including an injection nozzle for injecting at least one of ammonia, aqueous ammonia, and urea solution into the exhaust pipe between the inlet and the outlet and being flexible along the longitudinal direction of the exhaust pipe so that the position of the nozzle end is variable gas handling device. According to claim 1,
The injection nozzle is an exhaust gas treatment device that extends in length toward the inlet or the outlet. The method of claim 2, wherein the injection nozzle,
A storage tank located outside the exhaust pipe and storing at least one of the ammonia, the ammonia aqueous solution, and the urea water;
A fixed pipe having one end connected to the storage tank and the other end penetrating the exhaust pipe in a radial direction and located inside the exhaust pipe, and
An exhaust gas treatment device comprising an expansion and contraction tube vertically coupled to the fixed tube, the nozzle end coupled to an end, and having an expansion and contraction in length. According to claim 3,
The fixed pipe is located inside the exhaust pipe between the inlet and the wing,
The expansion pipe is extended in length and passes through the center of the wing portion. The method of claim 1, wherein the exhaust pipe,
An exhaust gas treatment device having a step portion formed inside the exhaust pipe between the inlet portion and the outlet portion, the inner diameter of which decreases stepwise in a direction in which the exhaust gas moves. According to claim 5,
The wing portion is located between the inlet portion and the stepped portion,
The soot collection tank is an exhaust gas treatment device located between the wing portion and the stepped portion. According to claim 6,
The soot collection tank is an exhaust gas treatment device in which a soot discharge port for collecting the soot is formed adjacent to the stepped portion.

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