KR20230061609A - Cooling apparatus for vehicle and controlling method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

An invention relating to a cooling apparatus for a vehicle and a control method thereof is disclosed to prevent overheating of a battery stack unit during high-load driving and improve the efficiency of the battery stack unit. The cooling apparatus for a vehicle of the present invention comprises: a compressed air line connected to an air compressor so that compressed air from the air compressor is discharged; a battery stack unit for supplying electrical energy to an electrical device; a heat exchanger for supplying reaction water to the battery stack unit to cool the battery stack unit; a reaction water discharge line connected to the battery stack unit so that the reaction water from the battery stack unit is discharged; and a spray nozzle unit connected to the reaction water discharge line and the compressed air line and spraying reaction water droplets to a heat exchanger to cool the heat exchanger.

Description

Vehicle cooling device and its control method {COOLING APPARATUS FOR VEHICLE AND CONTROLLING METHOD THEREOF}

The present invention relates to a vehicle cooling device and a control method thereof, and more particularly, to a vehicle cooling device capable of preventing overheating of a battery stack unit and improving efficiency of a battery stack unit during high-load operation and a control method thereof.

In general, a fuel cell is a power generation device that converts chemical energy of fuel into electrical energy by electrochemically reacting it in a fuel cell stack. Fuel cells can be applied to supply power for industrial, household and vehicle driving.

Recently, many studies on fuel cell vehicles have been conducted. In order to improve the fuel efficiency of fuel cell vehicles, an idle stop function that stops and resumes power generation of fuel cells when necessary during vehicle operation is being commercialized.

However, when the cargo load of a large truck increases or during hot weather, high-output electric energy from the fuel cell is supplied to the drive motor when the large truck is operated under high load. Therefore, when a large truck is temporarily loaded with a high load, the heat generated by the fuel cell stack increases rapidly, and the cooling performance of the radiator may not be sufficient. When the fuel cell stack is not sufficiently cooled, the energy efficiency of the fuel cell stack is rapidly reduced, and thus the driving distance may be shortened.

The background art of the present invention is disclosed in Korean Patent Publication No. 2012-0136819 (published on December 20, 2012, title of the invention: system and method for diagnosing stack deterioration of fuel cell vehicles).

The present invention has been created to improve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle cooling device capable of preventing overheating of the battery stack unit and improving the efficiency of the battery stack unit during high load operation and a control method thereof will be.

A cooling device for a vehicle according to the present invention includes: a compressed air line connected to the air compressor so that the compressed air of the air compressor is discharged; a battery stack unit supplying electric energy to an electric device; a heat exchange unit supplying reaction water to the battery stack unit to cool the battery stack unit; a reaction water discharge line connected to the battery stack unit to discharge the reaction water of the battery stack unit; and a spray nozzle unit connected to the reaction water discharge line and the compressed air line and spraying droplets of the reaction water to the heat exchange unit to cool the heat exchange unit.

An air storage tank installed in the compressed air line to store compressed air discharged from the air compressor may be further included.

A reaction water tank installed in the reaction water discharge line to store the reaction water discharged from the cell stack unit may be further included.

The injection nozzle unit may be installed to spray the reaction water droplets to a partial area of the heat exchange unit.

A plurality of spray nozzle units may be disposed around the heat exchanging unit.

The injection nozzle unit may be disposed in the center of the heat exchange unit.

The injection nozzle unit may be rotatably installed in the heat exchange unit.

an output measurement unit for measuring an output value of the battery stack unit; and a control unit controlling the spray nozzle unit so that the spray nozzle unit sprays reaction water droplets to the heat exchange unit when it is determined that the output value measured by the output measurer is equal to or greater than a preset output value.

An opening degree of the injection nozzle unit may be adjusted according to an output value measured by the output measurement unit.

A control method of a cooling device for a vehicle according to the present invention includes: discharging compressed air from an air compressor through a compressed air line; Discharging the reaction water of the cell stack unit through a reaction water discharge line; and injecting droplets of the reaction water into a heat exchange unit through an injection nozzle connected to the reaction water discharge line and the compressed air line.

In the step of discharging the compressed air of the air compressor of the braking device through the compressed air line, the compressed air may be stored in an air storage tank installed in the compressed air line.

In the step of discharging the reaction water of the cell stack through the reaction water discharge line, the reaction water may be stored in a reaction water tank installed in the reaction water discharge line.

The step of injecting droplets of the reaction water into the heat exchange unit by the injection nozzle unit connected to the reaction water discharge line and the compressed air line may include measuring an output value of the battery stack unit by an output measuring unit; and controlling, by the controller, the injection nozzle unit to spray the reaction water droplets to the heat exchange unit when it is determined that the output value measured by the output measurement unit is greater than or equal to a preset output value.

The spray nozzle unit may spray reaction water droplets to a partial area of the heat exchange unit.

An opening degree of the injection nozzle unit may be adjusted according to an output value measured by the output measurement unit.

According to the present invention, since the heat exchange unit is air-cooled by external air and cooled by the phase change and latent heat of evaporation of the reaction water droplets sprayed from the injection nozzle unit, the cooling performance of the heat exchange unit can also be rapidly increased as required during high-load operation of the vehicle. can Since the cooling performance of the heat exchange unit is remarkably improved, the reaction water cooled in the heat exchange unit can sufficiently cool or dissipate heat from the battery stack. Therefore, it is possible to quickly cope with overheating of the battery stack part even when the vehicle is temporarily operated with a high load.

In addition, according to the present invention, the compressed air stored in the air storage tank can be quickly supplied to the heat exchange unit during high-load operation of the vehicle. In addition, since compressed air at a constant pressure is quickly and continuously supplied to the injection nozzle unit during high-load operation of the vehicle, cooling performance of the heat exchange unit can be rapidly improved even during high-load operation of the vehicle.

In addition, according to the present invention, since the reaction water stored in the reaction water tank is quickly supplied to the spray nozzle unit when the vehicle is operated with a temporarily high load, it is possible to prevent a driving delay of the spray nozzle unit.

1 is a circuit diagram schematically illustrating a cooling device for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a circuit diagram schematically illustrating a battery stack unit and a heat exchange unit of a cooling device for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 and 4 are diagrams schematically showing a reaction water droplet injection structure of a spray nozzle unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 and 6 are diagrams schematically illustrating an example of an operating state of a spray nozzle unit in a cooling device for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 and 8 are diagrams schematically showing another example of an operating state of a spray nozzle unit in a cooling device for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a diagram schematically illustrating a state in which a spray nozzle unit is installed in a central portion of a heat exchanger in a cooling device for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a diagram schematically illustrating a state in which a spray nozzle unit is rotatably installed in a central portion of a heat exchanger in a cooling device for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a flowchart illustrating a control method of a cooling device for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a cooling device for a vehicle and a control method thereof according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the process of explaining the vehicle cooling device and its control method, the thickness of lines or the size of components shown in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity and convenience of description. In addition, terms to be described later are terms defined in consideration of functions in the present invention, which may vary according to the intention or custom of a user or operator. Therefore, definitions of these terms will have to be made based on the content throughout this specification.

1 is a circuit diagram schematically showing a cooling device for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram schematically showing a battery stack and a heat exchanger of the cooling device for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 and 2, a vehicle cooling device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a compressed air line 110, a battery stack unit 120, a heat exchange unit 130, and a reaction water discharge line 140. and a spray nozzle unit 150.

The braking device 10 includes an air reservoir 11 in which compressed air of a certain pressure is received. A relay valve 12 is connected to the liver bore, and a rear brake 13 is connected to the relay valve 12 by a pipe. The front brake 14 is connected to the reservoir 11 by a pipe, and the brake pedal 15 is installed in the pipe connecting the reservoir 11 and the front brake 14. An air compressor 17 is connected to the reservoir 11 by a pipe, and an air pressure regulator 16 is installed in the pipe between the reservoir 11 and the air compressor 17.

As the compressed air of the reservoir 11 is supplied to the rear brake 13 and the front brake 14, the rear brake 13 and the front brake 14 operate on the rear drive wheel (not shown) and the front drive wheel (not shown). ) to brake. The air compressor 17 compresses external air and supplies it to the reservoir 11.

The compressed air line 110 is connected to the air compressor 17 so that the compressed air of the air compressor 17 of the braking device 10 is discharged. The compressed air discharged from the air compressor 17 flows through the compressed air line 110 .

The battery stack unit 120 supplies electrical energy to an electric device (not shown). The battery stack unit 120 accommodates a plurality of fuel cell cells. The cell stack unit 120 constitutes a part of a fuel cell system (not shown). The electric device includes a driving motor unit, an air conditioner, various sensors, and the like.

The heat exchange unit 130 cools the battery stack unit 120 by supplying reaction water to the battery stack unit 120 . The heat exchange unit 130 is air-cooled by air introduced from the front grill of the vehicle. The heat exchange unit 130 includes a heat exchanger 131 disposed at a rear side of the front grill, and a cooling fan 135 that blows air passing through the heat exchanger 131 to the battery stack unit 120 . The reaction water discharged from the cell stack unit 120 is introduced into the heat exchanger 131 and then cooled, and the reaction water cooled in the heat exchanger 131 is supplied to the cell stack unit 120 to form the battery stack unit 120. Cool down. Here, the reaction water functions as cooling water for cooling the battery stack unit 120 after being cooled in the heat exchanger 131 .

The heat exchange unit 130 is connected to the reaction water circulation line 143. The reaction water circulation line 143 is connected to the battery stack unit 120, and a reaction water pump 146 is installed in the reaction water circulation line 143 to flow the reaction water along the reaction water circulation line 143. The first bypass line 144 and the second bypass line 145 are connected to the reaction water circulation line 143, and the portion where the first bypass line 144 and the reaction water circulation line 143 are connected A first bypass valve 148 is installed, and a second bypass valve 149 is installed at a portion where the second bypass line 145 and the reaction water circulation line 143 are connected. The reaction water discharge line 140 is connected to the reaction water circulation line 143, and the reaction water tank 170 is installed in the reaction water discharge line 140. A reaction water inlet valve 141 and a reaction water discharge valve 142 are installed in the reaction water discharge line 140 .

An output measurement unit 121 to be described below is installed in the battery stack unit 120 to measure an output value of the battery stack unit 120, and the output measurement unit 121 is electrically connected to the control unit 123. A heater unit 147 is installed in the second bypass line 145 . A COD heater may be applied as the heater unit 147 . The heater unit 147 heats the battery stack unit 120 to remove water and oxygen remaining in the battery stack unit 120 so that the reaction water generated in the battery stack unit 120 does not freeze in winter.

The reaction water discharge line 140 is connected to the battery stack unit 120 so that the reaction water of the battery stack unit 120 is discharged. The reaction water discharge line 140 is connected to a section in which the reaction water is discharged in the reaction water circulation line 143 and extends from the battery stack unit 120 toward the heat exchange unit 130.

The injection nozzle unit 150 is connected to the reaction water discharge line 140 and the compressed air line 110 and sprays droplets of the reaction water to the heat exchange unit 130 to cool the heat exchange unit 130 . The compressed air supplied from the compressed air line 110 forms an injection pressure of the spray nozzle unit 150 to spray the reaction water supplied from the reaction water discharge line 140 in the form of droplets. Therefore, the heat exchanger 130 is cooled by the external air and the reaction water droplets.

At this time, as the reaction water is sprayed by the pressure of the high-pressure air from the injection nozzle unit 150, the phase changes into a droplet state due to a rapid pressure drop. At this time, fine droplets of the reaction water sprayed from the injection nozzle unit 150 are sprayed onto the surface of the heat exchange unit 130, and the heat exchange unit 130 is rapidly cooled by the latent heat of evaporation of the reaction water. As such, since the heat exchange unit 130 is cooled by the phase change of the reaction water and the latent heat of vaporization, the cooling efficiency of the heat exchange unit 130 can be remarkably improved. Since the cooling efficiency of the heat exchange unit 130 is improved, the reaction water cooled in the heat exchange unit 130 cools the battery stack unit 120, thereby significantly improving the cooling efficiency of the battery stack unit 120.

On the other hand, the vehicle may be temporarily driven with a high load when the vehicle goes up an inclined road with a large cargo load or during hot weather such as summer. In a temporary high-load driving period of the vehicle, since the driving motor unit is driven at high speed, the output value of electricity in the battery stack unit 120 rapidly rises, causing the battery stack unit 120 to rapidly heat up or overheat. For example, the amount of heat dissipation of the battery stack unit 120 is required to be approximately 100 kW when the vehicle is normally operated, but the amount of heat dissipation from the battery stack unit 120 may be required to be approximately 200 kW or more when the vehicle is temporarily operated with a high load. As the amount of heat dissipation required of the battery stack unit 120 rapidly increases when the vehicle is operated under a temporary high load, the cooling performance of the heat exchange unit 130 is required to be increased.

In the present invention, since the heat exchange unit 130 is air-cooled by external air and cooled by the phase change of the reaction water droplets sprayed from the injection nozzle unit 150 and the latent heat of evaporation, the heat exchange unit 130 Cooling performance can also be dramatically increased as required. Since the cooling performance of the heat exchange unit 130 is significantly improved, the reaction water cooled in the heat exchange unit 130 can sufficiently cool or dissipate heat from the battery stack unit 120 . Therefore, it is possible to quickly cope with overheating of the battery stack unit 120 even when the vehicle is temporarily operated with a high load.

3 and 4 are diagrams schematically illustrating a reaction water droplet injection structure of an injection nozzle unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 and 4, the vehicle cooling device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an air storage tank 160, a reaction water tank 170, a pressure forming line 180, and a pressure forming valve 190 ) is further included.

The air storage tank 160 is installed in the compressed air line 110 so that the compressed air discharged from the air compressor 17 is stored. A safety valve 161 is connected to the air storage tank 160 to adjust the internal pressure. When the air compressor 17 does not compress the compressed air required for the braking device 10, the compressed air may be stored in the air storage tank 160 in advance. Therefore, the compressed air stored in the air storage tank 160 can be quickly supplied to the heat exchanger 130 when the vehicle is driven with a high load. In addition, since compressed air at a constant pressure is quickly and continuously supplied to the injection nozzle unit 150 during high-load operation of the vehicle, the cooling performance of the heat exchange unit 130 can be rapidly improved even during high-load operation of the vehicle.

A supply control valve 111 may be installed in the compressed air line 110 to control whether compressed air is supplied to the injection nozzle unit 150 and the reaction water tank 170 to be described later. The supply control valve 111 according to an embodiment of the present invention is disposed at the rear end of the air storage tank 160, that is, between the air storage tank 160 and the spray nozzle unit 150. The supply control valve 111 opens the compressed air line 110 when the spray nozzle unit 150 sprays, and supplies the compressed air stored in the air storage tank 160 to the spray nozzle unit 150 and the reaction water tank 170. inflow into The supply control valve 111 closes the compressed air line 110 when the injection operation of the spray nozzle unit 150 is stopped so that the compressed air stored in the air storage tank 160 is supplied to the spray nozzle unit 150 and the reaction water tank ( 170) is blocked. The supply control valve 111 may be exemplified by various types of solenoid valves that open and close the compressed air line 110 by an electronic control signal. In addition, a regulator for adjusting the pressure of compressed air supplied to the injection nozzle unit 150 to be described later may be additionally installed in the compressed air line 110 .

The reaction water tank 170 is installed in the reaction water discharge line 140 to store the reaction water discharged from the cell stack unit 120 . Therefore, since the reaction water stored in the reaction water tank 170 is quickly supplied to the spray nozzle unit 150 when the vehicle is operated with a temporarily high load, the operation delay of the spray nozzle unit 150 can be prevented. The volume of the reaction water tank 170 may be set to have a value corresponding to the volume of reaction water required for one injection of the spray nozzle unit 150 .

The pressure forming line 180 is branched from the compressed air line 110 and communicates with the reaction water tank 170. When the supply control valve 111 is opened, the pressure forming line 180 diverges a portion of the compressed air transmitted from the air storage tank 160 to the spray nozzle unit 150 to flow into the reaction water tank 170 let it Accordingly, the pressure forming line 180 forms pressure by compressed air inside the reaction water tank 170 when the spray nozzle unit 150 sprays, so that the reaction water stored in the reaction water tank 170 is spray nozzle unit ( 150) can be induced to be rapidly supplied.

The pressure forming valve 190 controls the communication state between the discharge line 140 for the reaction water tank 170 and the pressure forming line 180. More specifically, the pressure forming valve 190 allows the reaction water to flow into the reaction water tank 170 by opening the discharge line 140 when the injection nozzle unit 150 is not operating, and the pressure forming line 180 is closed to block the inflow of compressed air into the reaction water tank 170. In addition, the pressure forming valve 190 closes the discharge line 140 during the injection operation of the injection nozzle unit 150 to block the inflow of the reaction water into the reaction water tank 170, and the pressure forming line 180 It is opened to allow the introduction of compressed air into the reaction water tank 170.

In this case, a separate branch discharge path is provided in the discharge line 140 to discharge the reaction water of the discharge line 140 through a separate path when the spray nozzle unit 150 sprays, and the spray nozzle unit 150 does not work. At the same time, it is possible to form a smooth flow of reaction water by performing a role of preventing differential pressure.

The pressure forming valve 190 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a rotating part 191, a first opening/closing part 192, and a second opening/closing part 193.

The rotation unit 191 is installed to be rotatable in both directions around a central axis inside the reaction water tank 170. The rotating part 191 may be disposed between the point where the discharge line 140 and the pressure forming line 180 communicate with the reaction water tank 170.

The first opening/closing part 192 and the second opening/closing part 193 extend from the rotating part 191 and open or close the discharge line 140 and the pressure forming line 180 according to the direction of rotation of the rotating part 191 .

The first opening/closing part 192 and the second opening/closing part 193 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be formed to have the shape of wings respectively extending from both sides of the rotating part 191 . The first opening/closing part 192 and the second opening/closing part 193 may be inclined at a predetermined angle along the circumferential direction of the rotating part 191 . The first opening/closing part 192 and the second opening/closing part 193 adjust the communication state of the discharge line 140 and the pressure forming line 180 with respect to the reaction water tank 170 in opposite ways according to the direction of rotation of the rotating part 191. do. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, when the rotating part 191 is rotated in one direction (counterclockwise direction), the first opening/closing part 192 opens the discharge line 140, and the second opening/closing part 193 closes the pressure forming line 180. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4 , when the rotating part 191 is rotated in the other direction (clockwise direction), the first opening/closing part 192 closes the discharge line 140, and the second opening/closing part 193 closes the pressure forming line. (180) open.

The weight of the first opening/closing portion 192 may be greater than that of the second opening/closing portion 193 . Accordingly, the first opening/closing unit 192 may maintain the open state of the discharge line 140 by rotating the rotating unit 191 to one side by its own weight when the injection nozzle unit 150 is not operating. The weight of the first opening/closing part 192 rotates to the other side by the pressure of the compressed air flowing into the reaction water tank 170 through the pressure forming line 180 when the spray nozzle part 150 sprays the rotating part 191. Various design changes are possible within the possible range.

5 and 6 are diagrams schematically illustrating an example of an operating state of a spray nozzle unit in a cooling device for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are cooling devices for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a diagram schematically showing another example of the operating state of the injection nozzle unit in the device.

Referring to FIGS. 5 to 8 , the injection nozzle unit 150 is installed to spray reaction water droplets to a partial region of the heat exchange unit 130 . The injection nozzle unit 150 may be installed on a downstream side of a front grille of a vehicle through which outside air is introduced. One or more reaction water inlets 132 and one or more reaction water outlets 133 are connected to the heat exchange unit 130 . A plurality of injection nozzle units 150 may be installed in the jig unit disposed on the circumference of the heat exchange unit 130 .

Some of the spray nozzle units 150 spray the reaction water droplets to some areas for a preset time and then stop, and the remaining spray nozzle units 150 spray the reaction water droplets to other partial areas for a preset time. . At this time, a single injection type in which the plurality of injection nozzle parts 150 spray the reaction water droplets while rotating one by one, a dual injection type in which the plurality of injection nozzle parts 150 spray the reaction water droplets while rotating one by one, a plurality of injection An omnidirectional spraying type in which the nozzle unit 150 simultaneously sprays reaction water droplets may be selectively applied.

The spray time and spray area of the spray nozzle unit 150 are determined by the control unit 123 in consideration of the output value of the battery stack unit 120, the required heat dissipation amount of the battery stack unit 120, the size and cooling capacity of the heat exchange unit 130, and the like. ) can be stored in advance. For example, when driving a high load such as loading a large amount of cargo or driving on a hill, the inlet temperature of the heat exchanger 130 is approximately 85 ° C or higher or the cooling water flow rate of the heat exchanger 130 increases, and the reaction water pump 146 and cooling In order to reduce the power consumption of the fan 135, the injection timing and injection duration of the injection nozzle unit 150 may be preset in consideration of the operating characteristics of the battery stack unit 120.

In addition, the spraying period and spraying area of the spraying nozzle unit 150 may consider a method of sequentially spraying by dividing the area of the heat exchanger 131 or a spraying direction and spraying area of reaction water droplets for each driving mode of the vehicle.

In addition, the injection pressure of the injection nozzle unit 150 is set in the range of approximately 1-3 bar, and the above-mentioned injection pressure range may be determined in consideration of the outside air temperature and the inlet temperature of the heat exchanger 131 of the cooling water.

9 is a view schematically showing a state in which a spray nozzle unit is installed in the center of a heat exchanger in a cooling device for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 9 , the injection nozzle unit 150 is installed in the center of the heat exchange unit 130 to radially spray the reaction water droplets. Therefore, the entire heat exchange unit 130 can be rapidly cooled by the reaction water droplets sprayed from the spray nozzle unit 150 .

10 is a diagram schematically illustrating a state in which a spray nozzle unit is rotatably installed in a central portion of a heat exchanger in a cooling device for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 10 , the injection nozzle unit 150 is rotatably installed at the center of the heat exchange unit 130 . Since the injection nozzle unit 150 sprays reaction water droplets while being rotated to the heat exchange unit 130, the heat exchange unit 130 may be cooled as a whole at regular intervals. The rotational speed of the spray nozzle unit 150 may be appropriately selected in consideration of the size of the heat exchange unit 130, the output value of the battery stack unit 120, and the required cooling performance.

The vehicle cooling device 100 includes an output measurement unit 121 that measures an output value of the battery stack unit 120, and when it is determined that the output value measured by the output measurement unit 121 is equal to or greater than a preset output value, the spray nozzle unit 150 ) further includes a control unit 123 for controlling the injection nozzle unit 150 to spray the reaction water droplets to the heat exchange unit 130. When the battery stack unit 120 measures the electric energy supplied to the driving motor unit of the vehicle, it is possible to accurately determine whether the vehicle is being operated with a high load or a normal load. Therefore, in the present invention, the power measurement unit 121 is installed in the battery stack unit 120 to determine whether the vehicle is operated under high load, and when the vehicle is operated under high load, reaction water droplets are sprayed to the heat exchange unit 130 to heat the exchange unit ( 130) to cool. In addition, as the heat exchange unit 130 is cooled, the cooling performance of the battery stack unit 120 can be sufficiently secured.

The opening of the injection nozzle unit 150 may be adjusted according to the output value measured by the output measuring unit 121 . Therefore, since the amount of reaction water droplets injected from the injection nozzle unit 150 can be adjusted, the cooling performance of the heat exchange unit 130 can be adjusted to correspond to the required heat dissipation amount of the battery stack unit 120 .

A control method of a cooling device for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention configured as described above will be described.

11 is a flowchart illustrating a control method of a cooling device for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 11, the compressed air of the air compressor 17 is discharged through the compressed air line (110) (S11). At this time, compressed air is stored in the air storage tank 160 (S12). That is, when the air compressor 17 does not compress the compressed air required for the braking device 10, the compressed air may be stored in the air storage tank 160 in advance. Therefore, the compressed air stored in the air storage tank 160 can be quickly supplied to the heat exchanger 130 when the vehicle is driven with a high load.

The reaction water of the cell stack unit 120 is discharged through the reaction water discharge line 140 (S13). At this time, the reaction water is stored in the reaction water tank 170 installed in the reaction water discharge line 140 (S14). Therefore, since reaction water can be quickly supplied to the injection nozzle unit 150 when the vehicle is operated under a temporary high load, driving delay of the injection nozzle unit 150 can be prevented.

The output measurement unit 121 measures the output value of the battery stack unit 120 (S15). When the battery stack unit 120 measures the electric energy supplied to the driving motor unit of the vehicle, it is possible to accurately determine whether the vehicle is being operated with a high load or a normal load.

It is determined whether the output value measured by the output measuring unit 121 is greater than or equal to a preset output (S16). When it is determined that the output value measured by the output measuring unit 121 is less than the preset output value, the control unit 123 does not drive the spray nozzle unit 150 .

When it is determined that the output value measured by the output measurement unit 121 is equal to or greater than the preset output value, the control unit 123 controls the spray nozzle unit 150 to spray droplets of reaction water to the heat exchange unit 130 (S17). The injection pressure of the injection nozzle unit 150 may be set in the range of approximately 1-3 bar.

At this time, the spray nozzle unit 150 sprays the reaction water droplets to a partial region of the heat exchange unit 130 . Some of the spray nozzle units 150 spray the reaction water droplets to some areas for a preset time and then stop, and the remaining spray nozzle units 150 spray the reaction water droplets to other partial areas for a preset time. . At this time, a single injection type in which the plurality of injection nozzle parts 150 spray the reaction water droplets while rotating one by one, a dual injection type in which the plurality of injection nozzle parts 150 spray the reaction water droplets while rotating one by one, a plurality of injection An omnidirectional spraying type in which the nozzle unit 150 simultaneously sprays reaction water droplets may be selectively applied.

The spray time and spray area of the spray nozzle unit 150 are determined by the control unit 123 in consideration of the output value of the battery stack unit 120, the required heat dissipation amount of the battery stack unit 120, the size and cooling capacity of the heat exchange unit 130, and the like. ) can be stored in advance. For example, when driving a high load such as loading a large amount of cargo or driving on a hill, the inlet temperature of the heat exchanger 130 is approximately 85 ° C or higher or the cooling water flow rate of the heat exchanger 130 increases, and the reaction water pump 146 and cooling In order to reduce the power consumption of the fan 135, the injection timing and injection duration of the injection nozzle unit 150 may be preset in consideration of the operating characteristics of the battery stack unit 120.

After the injection nozzle unit 150 starts spraying the droplets of the reaction water, the output measurement unit 121 determines whether the output value of the battery stack unit 120 is less than a preset output (S18).

When it is determined that the output value measured by the output measuring unit 121 is less than the preset output value, the control unit 123 controls the spray nozzle unit 150 to stop spraying droplets of the reaction water to the heat exchange unit 130 (S19). .

As described above, since the heat exchange unit 130 is air-cooled by the outside air and cooled by the phase change of the reaction water droplets sprayed from the injection nozzle unit 150 and the latent heat of evaporation, the heat exchange unit 130 The cooling performance of the can also be rapidly increased as required. Since the cooling performance of the heat exchange unit 130 is significantly improved, the reaction water cooled in the heat exchange unit 130 can sufficiently cool or dissipate heat from the battery stack unit 120 . Therefore, it is possible to quickly cope with overheating of the battery stack unit 120 even when the vehicle is temporarily operated with a high load.

The present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but this is only exemplary, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications and equivalent other embodiments. will understand

Therefore, the true technical protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the claims.

10: braking device 11: reservoir
12: relay valve 13: rear brake
14: front brake 15: brake pedal
16: air pressure regulator 17: air compressor
100: cooling device 110: compressed air line
111: supply control valve 120: battery stack unit
121: output measurement unit 123: control unit
130: heat exchange unit 131: heat exchanger
132: reaction water inlet 133: reaction water outlet
135: cooling fan 140: reaction water discharge line
141: reaction water inlet valve 142: reaction water discharge valve
143: reaction water circulation line 144: first bypass line
145: second bypass line 146: reaction water pump
147: heater unit 148: first bypass valve
149: second bypass valve 150: injection nozzle unit
160: air storage tank 161: safety valve
170: reaction water tank 180: pressure forming line
190: pressure forming valve 191: rotating part
192: first opening and closing part 193: second opening and closing part

Claims (15)

A compressed air line connected to the air compressor to discharge compressed air from the air compressor;
a battery stack unit supplying electric energy to an electric device;
a heat exchange unit supplying reaction water to the battery stack unit to cool the battery stack unit;
a reaction water discharge line connected to the battery stack unit to discharge the reaction water of the battery stack unit; and
and a spray nozzle unit connected to the reaction water discharge line and the compressed air line and injecting reaction water droplets into the heat exchange unit to cool the heat exchange unit.
According to claim 1,
The cooling device for a vehicle further comprising an air storage tank installed in the compressed air line to store the compressed air discharged from the air compressor.
According to claim 2,
The vehicle cooling device further comprises a reaction water tank installed in the reaction water discharge line to store the reaction water discharged from the battery stack unit.
According to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The spray nozzle unit is a cooling device for a vehicle, characterized in that installed to spray the reaction water droplets to a partial area of the heat exchange unit.
According to claim 4,
The cooling device for a vehicle, characterized in that a plurality of spray nozzles are disposed around the heat exchanger.
According to claim 4,
The spray nozzle part is a cooling device for a vehicle, characterized in that disposed in the center of the heat exchanging part.
According to claim 4,
The vehicle cooling device according to claim 1 , wherein the injection nozzle part is rotatably installed in the heat exchanging part.
According to claim 1,
an output measurement unit for measuring an output value of the battery stack unit; and
and a control unit controlling the spray nozzle unit so that the spray nozzle unit sprays reaction water droplets to the heat exchange unit when it is determined that the output value measured by the output measurer is equal to or greater than the preset output value.
According to claim 8,
The cooling device for a vehicle, characterized in that the opening degree of the injection nozzle unit is adjusted according to the output value measured by the output measuring unit.
Discharging compressed air from an air compressor through a compressed air line;
Discharging the reaction water of the cell stack unit through a reaction water discharge line; and
and injecting droplets of the reaction water to a heat exchange unit through an injection nozzle connected to the reaction water discharge line and the compressed air line.
According to claim 10,
In the step of discharging the compressed air of the air compressor of the braking device through the compressed air line,
Control method of a vehicle cooling device, characterized in that compressed air is stored in an air storage tank installed in the compressed air line.
According to claim 10 or 11,
In the step of discharging the reaction water of the cell stack through the reaction water discharge line,
Control method of a vehicle cooling device, characterized in that the reaction water is stored in the reaction water tank installed in the reaction water discharge line.
According to claim 12,
The step of injecting droplets of the reaction water to the heat exchange unit by the injection nozzle connected to the reaction water discharge line and the compressed air line,
measuring an output value of the battery stack unit by an output measuring unit; and
and controlling, by a control unit, the injection nozzle unit to spray reaction water droplets to the heat exchange unit when it is determined that the output value measured by the output measurement unit is equal to or greater than a preset output value.
According to claim 13,
The control method of the cooling device for a vehicle, characterized in that the spray nozzle sprays the reaction water droplets to a partial area of the heat exchange unit.
According to claim 13,
The control method of the cooling device for a vehicle, characterized in that the opening degree of the injection nozzle unit is adjusted according to the output value measured by the output measuring unit.

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