KR20230051092A - Pressure-resistant piston media separator, linear drive for a ship's steering gear and submarine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pressure-resistant piston media separator (10), which can operate to be reliable at a high surrounding pressure (deep diving depth). The pressure-resistant piston media separator (10) has a first piston cylinder (20) provided with a first piston (30). The piston media separator (10) has a first area (40) and a second area (50). The first area (40) is separated from the second area (50) by the first piston (30). The first area (40) comes in contact with a surrounding area. The second area (50) is connected to a hydraulic system. The pressure-resistant piston media separator (10) has a piston rod (80). The piston rod (80) is connected to the first piston (30). The pressure-resistant piston media separator (10) has a second piston cylinder (90) and a second piston (100). The second piston (100) is connected to the piston rod (80). The pressure-resistant piston media separator (10) has a third area. The third area is a closed gas volume. A size of the third area may be changed by the second piston (100).

Description

PRESSURE-RESISTANT PISTON MEDIA SEPARATOR, LINEAR DRIVE FOR A SHIP'S STEERING GEAR AND SUBMARINE}

The present invention relates to a pressure resistant piston media separator.

For example, in a linear drive for a ship's steering gear, mechanical movement takes place against an external pressure. In order to avoid acting on the external pressure, the hydraulic fluid in the internal pressure piston media separator is brought to approximately external pressure by subjecting the hydraulic fluid in the internal pressure piston media separator to the external pressure through the surrounding medium. A corresponding linear actuator for a ship's steering gear is known from DE 10 2016 204 248 A1. There, the term pressure compensating container is used as an alternative term for pressure-resistant piston media separator. The piston of the pressure-resistant piston media separator is moved in one direction by the incoming hydraulic fluid and in the other direction by the surrounding medium. However, since this piston must also have a very good seal, the piston has a corresponding frictional resistance. As a result, at low external pressures, ie at very shallow diving depths (including surfaced conditions), the pressure on the piston due to the surrounding medium, surrounding water, is not sufficient to move the piston. This can result in negative pressure on the side of the hydraulic fluid, and thus outgassing and consequently bubble formation. This leads to two problems. On the one hand, the dissolution of the air bubbles by dissolving them in the hydraulic fluid is very slow. On the other hand, air bubbles lead to unpredictable behavior. In particular, locking of the rudder position, which is performed by shutting off the hydraulic press, becomes more difficult. However, if gas bubbles exist in this area, the direction key position may change unintentionally.

DE 103 49 591 A1 discloses a submarine with a rudder and an actuator for the rudder.

It is an object of the present invention to create a pressure-resistant piston media separator that operates reliably at high ambient pressures (deep diving depths), but above all at low ambient pressures (shallow diving depths with surface travel).

This object is achieved by a pressure-resistant piston media separator having the features specified in claim 1, a linear drive having the features specified in claim 13 and a submarine having the features specified in claim 14. Advantageous refinements result from the dependent claims, the following description and the drawings.

A pressure resistant piston media separator according to the present invention has a first piston cylinder with a first piston. Preferably, the first piston and first piston cylinder have a round cross section, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In theory it is only necessary that the inner cross section of the first piston cylinder and the outer cross section of the first piston are identical. The pressure resistant piston media separator has a first region and a second region, the first region being separated from the second region by a first piston. Preferably, at least one seal is attached to the first piston, which moves with the piston and separates the two areas from each other. This seal is mounted between the piston and the piston cylinder in such a way that an exchange of medium from the first region, in particular water, and the second region, in particular hydraulic fluid, is prevented. Thus, the first region and the second region are variable in size by the displacement of the first piston. The pressure-resistant piston medium separator according to the invention is preferably arranged on a ship, particularly preferably inside a pressure body of a submarine. The first region is in contact with external pressure. To this end, the first area is connected via a line, for example and preferably around it. Particularly preferably, this line has a pressure body feedthrough and thus connects the pressure-resistant piston media separator according to the invention to the water located outside the pressure body. Particularly preferably, the first region is in contact with ambient water, in particular sea water. This results in a pressure adjustment for depth. The direct contact of the device with its surroundings causes technical challenges. On the one hand, seawater is a corrosive medium and this has to be taken into account in the materials used. On the other hand, it contains suspended solids and living organisms, which can cause problems, especially with vegetation. The second area is connected to the hydraulic system. The hydraulic system is for example and preferably part of the linear drive of the ship's steering gear. In the ship's steering gear, the drive rod for the rudder blade must be moved through the pressure body of the submarine against the ambient water pressure. By adjusting the hydraulic pressure to the ambient water pressure in the pressure-resistant piston media separator, the force required and the work to be done when adjusting the rudder blades can be reduced. Further, the pressure resistant piston medium separator has a piston rod, and the piston rod is connected to the first piston. The piston rod preferably runs through the second region. This is because the area of the first piston wetted by hydraulic fluid on the side of the second region is smaller than the area of the first piston wetted by water on the side of the first region, so that the hydraulic fluid is always at a lower pressure than the external pressure. It has the advantage that it has an overpressure of , whereby in the event of a leak the penetration of corrosive seawater into the hydraulic area can be reliably prevented.

According to the invention, the pressure resistant piston media separator has a second piston cylinder and a second piston. Also, the second piston is connected to the piston rod. Accordingly, the direction of movement of the first piston in the first piston cylinder and the second piston in the second piston cylinder are the same, preferably coaxial. The pressure resistant piston media separator has a third region, the third region being a closed gas volume. The third area can be changed in size by movement of the second piston. In effect, the second piston cylinder with the third region and the second piston thus represents an integrated gas spring. As a result, pressurization in a very compact design allows the hydraulic system to extract hydraulic fluid from the second region and thus move it against friction when the force to displace the first piston must come from the surrounding water. This is possible by means of the stroke travel of the internal pressure piston media separator in order to allow sufficient force to act on the first piston for areas of low external pressure, for example during surface travel.

The first piston and the second piston are arranged and connected by a piston rod in such a way that when the first region is enlarged, the third region is enlarged, and when the first region is reduced, the third region is reduced.

Particularly preferably, the first piston cylinder and the second piston cylinder are arranged immediately adjacent to each other.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the third region is composed of the fourth region and the fifth region. The fourth region is arranged inside the second piston cylinder and the fifth region is arranged outside the second piston cylinder. The fourth region and the fifth region are connected to each other in a gas conducting manner. This makes it relatively easy to adjust the pressure profile across all positions of the first piston and thus, for example, the rudder position of a steering gear of a connected vessel. Accordingly, the size of the fourth region can assume a minimum size even close to zero in the extreme case of the maximum size of the second region and thus the minimum size of the first region. However, without the fifth volume, the pressure would be extremely large, which could be made possible by a larger dead volume increasing the size or, as in this advantageous embodiment, the fifth area reducing the size. It can be achieved by concatenated volumes in

In a further embodiment of the invention, the fifth region at least partially, preferably completely surrounds the second piston cylinder. This enables a particularly compact design.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the third region has a filling valve. This allows the pressure in the third zone to be adjusted in a targeted manner. After filling, the filling valve is closed so that the third region is a closed volume of gas.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the volume of the fifth region corresponds to 1 to 5 times the maximum volume of the fourth region.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the third region has a pressure of 2 bar to 5 bar at the center position of the first piston in the first piston cylinder. The center position of the first piston is a position in the middle between the two end positions of the first piston.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the pressure in the first zone is between 1.5 bar and 3.5 bar higher than the pressure in the second zone.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the third zone is filled with an inert gas, preferably nitrogen. As a result, the corrosive properties of oxygen or moisture, for example, can be easily avoided.

In another embodiment of the invention, the third region has a pressure of between 1.5 bar and 3.5 bar at the end position of the first piston with the minimum second volume of the second region in the first piston cylinder.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the first region is connected to the surroundings via a filter. In particular, the filter serves to keep out suspended particles and, above all, life forms that can settle inside. A disadvantage is that the filter exhibits flow resistance. However, this can be compensated for in a simple way by the effect of the third region.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the piston rod has a first feedthrough. The first feedthrough extends from the side of the first piston facing the first region to the side of the second piston facing away from the fourth region. The first feed-through may be closed. As a result, during the primary filling of the first region with seawater, air in the first region can be discharged in a simple and reliable manner. This is particularly advantageous if the pressure-resistant piston media separator is arranged vertically, ie the first region is arranged below the first piston.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the first piston has a first seal to the first area and a second seal to the second area. The first piston also has a test cavity between the first and second seals. The first piston and piston rod have a second feed-through, which connects the test chamber to the side of the second piston facing away from the fourth region. As long as the two seals, the first seal and the second seal, are airtight, nothing happens. If the first seal leaks, seawater can pass outward into the test cavity and through the test cavity into the second cavity and be detected. It is therefore evident that the first seal is leaking and therefore needs to be replaced. If the second seal leaks, hydraulic fluid can pass outwardly into and through the test cavity into the second feedthrough and be detected. It is therefore evident that the second seal is leaking and therefore needs to be replaced. Detection can be performed purely visually or with the aid of suitable sensors.

In a further aspect, the invention relates to a linear drive for a ship's steering gear with a pressure-resistant piston media separator according to the invention. The linear actuator is preferably designed according to DE 10 2016 204 248 A1 with only the pressure-resistant piston medium separator according to the invention.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the linear drive is electrically actuated.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the linear drive has a first linear drive area and a second linear drive area, the first linear drive area and the second linear drive area being filled with hydraulic fluid. When the linear drive is displaced, the volumes of the first linear drive area and the second linear drive area are changed. The first linear drive section and the linear drive section are fluidly connected to the second section of the pressure resistant piston media separator. Particularly preferably, the connection between the second section of the pressure-resistant piston media separator and the first linear drive section and the connection between the second section and the second linear drive section of the pressure-resistant piston media separator are each separately closed, for example by a valve. It can be. Preferably, the connection between the first linear drive area and the second linear drive area is closed, whereby the linear drive is fixed in its position.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the volume of the second region of the pressure-resistant piston media separator is the sum of the volumes of the second linear drive region and the first linear drive region at the stop of the linear drive and at the opposite stop of the linear drive. greater than or equal to a volume difference between the sum of the volumes of the second linear drive area and the first linear drive area.

In a further aspect, the present invention relates to a submarine equipped with a pressure-resistant piston media separator according to the present invention. Preferably, a pressure-resistant piston medium separator is arranged inside the pressure body of the submarine, and a first region of the pressure-resistant piston medium separator is connected to the periphery of the submarine. To this end, the connection between the first region and the surroundings has a pressure body feedthrough.

Hereinafter, a pressure resistant piston medium separator according to the present invention will be described below in more detail based on an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawings.

1 is an example of a pressure resistant piston media separator.

1 schematically illustrates an exemplary pressure-resistant piston media separator 10 not to scale in cross section. The part of the pressure-resistant piston medium separator 10 shown on the left consists of a first piston cylinder 20 in which a first piston 30 is movably arranged. On one side, here on the left side, a first region 40 is arranged which is at ambient pressure via a connection to the ambient 60 , for example a seawater connection. On the other hand, hydraulic fluid is arranged in the second region 50 , and hydraulic fluid can be supplied and removed through connection to the hydraulic system 70 . The piston rod 80 also runs in the second region 50 .

A second piston cylinder 90 with a second piston 100 is essential. The second piston 100 is also connected with the piston rod 80 to perform the same movement as the first piston 30 . In order to make the gas-tight third region as compact as possible, it is in the example shown a fourth region 110 within the second piston cylinder 90 and a fifth region 120 surrounding the second piston cylinder on the outside. It consists of By means of the filling valve 140 the gas pressure inside the third zone can be adjusted in a targeted manner, in particular with nitrogen. Here, the fourth region 110 and the fifth region 120 are connected through a gas conduction connection 130 .

To facilitate the initial water filling of the first area 40, the piston rod 80 has a first feed-through closure 160 easily accessible from the outside along the side of the second piston 100. It has a through 150, so that water from the surroundings cannot penetrate inside in normal operation. Thus, however, the feedthrough closure 160 must be able to withstand the maximum immersion pressure.

The first piston 30 also has a first seal 170 to the water side of the first region 40 and a second seal 180 to the hydraulic side of the second region 50 . A test cavity 190 is arranged between the seals 170 , 180 connected to the second feedthrough 200 so as to be able to detect leakage of one of these seals 170 , 180 . Thus, in case of leakage of the first seal 170, seawater can pass into the outer region of the second piston 100 and be easily detected. Likewise, in case of leakage of the second seal 180, hydraulic fluid can pass into the outer region of the second piston 100 and be easily detected.

10 pressure-resistant piston media separator
20 first piston cylinder
30 first piston
40 first area
50 second area
Connection to 60 periphery
70 Connection to hydraulic system
80 piston rod
90 second piston cylinder
100 2nd piston
110 Fourth area
120 Fifth Area
130 gas conductive connection
140 filling valve
150 first feedthrough
160 feedthrough closure
170 First Seal
180 second seal
190 test joint
200 2nd feedthrough

Claims (14)

As a pressure-resistant piston media separator (10),
The pressure resistant piston media separator (10) has a first piston cylinder (20) with a first piston (30), the piston media separator (10) comprises a first area (40) and a second area (50). The first region 40 is separated from the second region 50 by the first piston 30, the first region 40 contacts the surroundings, and the second region 50 is connected to a hydraulic system, the pressure-resistant piston medium separator 10 has a piston rod 80, the piston rod 80 is connected to the first piston 30,
The pressure-resistant piston media separator 10 has a second piston cylinder 90 and a second piston 100, the second piston 100 is connected to the piston rod 80, and the pressure-resistant piston media separator ( 10) has a third region, said third region being a closed gas volume, the size of said third region being variable by means of said second piston (100), characterized in that the pressure-resistant piston media separator (10) ). According to claim 1,
The third region consists of a fourth region 110 and a fifth region 120, the fourth region 110 being arranged in the second piston cylinder 90, the fifth region 120 comprising Pressure-resistant piston media separator (10), characterized in that arranged outside the second piston cylinder (90), the fourth region (110) and the fifth region (120) are gas conductively connected to each other. According to claim 2,
The pressure-resistant piston media separator (10), characterized in that the fifth region (120) is arranged surrounding the second piston cylinder (90). According to claim 2 or 3,
The pressure-resistant piston media separator (10), characterized in that the third region has a filling valve (140). According to any one of claims 2 to 4,
Pressure-resistant piston media separator (10), characterized in that the volume of the fifth region (120) corresponds to 1 to 5 times the maximum volume of the fourth region (110). According to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The pressure-resistant piston medium separator (10), characterized in that the third region has a pressure of 2 bar to 5 bar at the center position of the first piston (30) in the first piston cylinder (20). According to any one of claims 1 to 6,
Pressure-resistant piston media separator (10), characterized in that the pressure in the first region (40) is 1.5 bar to 3.5 bar higher than the pressure in the second region (50). According to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Pressure-resistant piston media separator (10), characterized in that the third zone is filled with an inert gas, preferably nitrogen. According to any one of claims 1 to 8,
Characterized in that the third region at the end position of the first piston (30) having the smallest second volume of the second region (50) in the first piston cylinder (20) has a pressure of 1.5 bar to 3.5 bar. , the pressure-resistant piston media separator (10). According to any one of claims 1 to 9,
The pressure-resistant piston media separator (10), characterized in that the first region (40) is connected to the surroundings through a filter. According to any one of claims 1 to 10,
The piston rod 80 has a first feed-through 150, and the first feed-through 150 extends from the side of the first piston 40 facing the first area 40 to the fourth area. A pressure-resistant piston media separator (10), characterized in that it extends from (110) to the side of the second piston (100) facing away from it, wherein the first feedthrough (150) can be closed. According to any one of claims 1 to 11,
The first piston (30) has a first seal (170) to the first area (40) and a second seal (180) to the second area (50), the first piston (30) having a test cavity (190) between the first seal (170) and the second seal (180), the first piston (30) and the piston rod (80) having a second feedthrough (200), characterized in that the second feedthrough (200) connects the test cavity (190) to the side of the second piston (100) facing away from the fourth region (110). ). Linear drive for a ship's steering gear with a pressure-resistant piston medium separator (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 12. A submarine having a pressure-resistant piston medium separator (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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