KR20230041486A - Battery device including different kinds of cells - Google Patents
Battery device including different kinds of cells Download PDFInfo
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- KR20230041486A KR20230041486A KR1020210125180A KR20210125180A KR20230041486A KR 20230041486 A KR20230041486 A KR 20230041486A KR 1020210125180 A KR1020210125180 A KR 1020210125180A KR 20210125180 A KR20210125180 A KR 20210125180A KR 20230041486 A KR20230041486 A KR 20230041486A
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- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000399 iron(III) phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/34—Gastight accumulators
- H01M10/345—Gastight metal hydride accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/00047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with provisions for charging different types of batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
- H02J7/0045—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 이종 셀을 포함하는 전력 장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a power device including heterogeneous cells.
현재 상용되고 있는 스마트 폰(smart phone), 태블릿(tablet) PC 등의 모바일(mobile) 전자 장치에 전원을 공급하기 위해 필수적으로 사용되는 것이 바로 배터리(battery)이다. 상기 배터리는 일반적으로 재충전이 가능한 2차 전지로 구성되는데, 상기 2 차 전지의 종류로는 니켈-카드뮴(Ni-Cd) 전지, 니켈-수소(Ni-MH) 전지, 납축전지(Lead_Acid), 리튬 이온(Li-ion) 전지, 리튬 폴리머(Li-Po) 전지 등을 들 수 있다.A battery is essentially used to supply power to mobile electronic devices such as smart phones and tablet PCs that are currently commercially available. The battery is generally composed of a rechargeable secondary battery, and the types of the secondary battery include a nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) battery, a nickel-hydrogen (Ni-MH) battery, a lead_acid battery, and a lithium battery. An ion (Li-ion) battery, a lithium polymer (Li-Po) battery, etc. are mentioned.
일반적으로, 배터리 팩(pack)은 하나 또는 그 이상의 셀(cell)로 구성될 수 있다. 이 경우, 상기 배터리 팩 내에 다수의 배터리 셀이 존재한다 하더라도, 상기 배터리 셀은 단일한 종류의 배터리 셀로 구성되는 것이 일반적이다. 예를 들어, 태블릿 PC의 경우, 리튬 이온 배터리 셀 3개가 병렬로 연결되어 하나의 배터리 팩을 구성할 수 있다.In general, a battery pack may consist of one or more cells. In this case, although a plurality of battery cells exist in the battery pack, the battery cells are generally composed of a single type of battery cell. For example, in the case of a tablet PC, three lithium ion battery cells may be connected in parallel to form one battery pack.
본 발명의 목적들은 다음의 상세한 설명과 첨부한 도면으로부터 보다 명확해질 것이다.The objects of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 의하면, 전력 장치는, 제1 배터리 셀; 상기 제1 배터리 셀과 다른 종류의 제2 배터리 셀; 상기 제1 배터리 셀과 상기 제2 배터리 셀 중 어느 하나를 외부 단자에 연결하는 제어기를 포함한다.According to one embodiment of the present invention, a power device includes a first battery cell; a second battery cell of a different type from the first battery cell; and a controller connecting one of the first battery cell and the second battery cell to an external terminal.
상기 제1 배터리 셀은 리튬이온 셀일 수 있다.The first battery cell may be a lithium ion cell.
상기 제2 배터리 셀은 니켈-수소 셀일 수 있다.The second battery cell may be a nickel-hydrogen cell.
상기 전력 장치는 상기 제1 및 제2 배터리 셀을 실장하는 하우징을 더 포함할 수 있다.The power device may further include a housing in which the first and second battery cells are mounted.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 의하면 배터리의 충전시간을 대폭 축소할 수 있으며, 배터리의 수명을 연장할 수 있다.According to an embodiment of the present invention, the charging time of the battery can be greatly reduced and the life of the battery can be extended.
도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 전력 장치를 개략적으로 나타내는 블록도이다.
도 2는 도 1에 도시한 전력 장치를 개략적으로 나타내는 도면이다.1 is a schematic block diagram of a power device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating the power device shown in FIG. 1 .
이하, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예들을 첨부된 도 1 내지 도 2를 참고하여 더욱 상세히 설명한다. 본 발명의 실시예들은 여러 가지 형태로 변형될 수 있으며, 본 발명의 범위가 아래에서 설명하는 실시예들에 한정되는 것으로 해석되어서는 안 된다. 본 실시예들은 당해 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 본 발명을 더욱 상세하게 설명하기 위해서 제공되는 것이다. 따라서 도면에 나타난 각 요소의 형상은 보다 분명한 설명을 강조하기 위하여 과장될 수 있다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying FIGS. 1 and 2 . Embodiments of the present invention may be modified in various forms, and the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described below. These embodiments are provided to explain the present invention in more detail to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Accordingly, the shape of each element shown in the drawings may be exaggerated to emphasize a clearer description.
- ESS 배터리 운영현황 및 문제점- ESS battery operation status and problems
· 출력 다변화 및 순간적인 정격 전류용량 이상의 과부하 출력으로 인한 ESS 배터리 수명 저하 문제Deterioration of ESS battery life due to output diversification and overload output exceeding the momentary rated current capacity
· 충전시작시 급격한 전위차 발생에 따른 배터리 부담 가중Increased battery burden due to rapid potential difference at the start of charging
· ESS 배터리 출력 부족으로 인한 전압 강하 문제· Voltage drop problem due to lack of ESS battery output
· 정격이상의 출력으로 인한 배터리 화재 등 안전 사고 문제Safety accident problems such as battery fire due to output above rated
- 과부하 대응 가능 병렬 운전 ESS용 배터리 뱅크 설계- Battery bank design for parallel operation ESS capable of handling overload
· 최근 일본, 중국을 중심으로 충전 30 C-rate, 방전 50 C-rate 이상의 고성능 니켈 수소 배터리가 개발됨Recently, high-performance nickel-metal hydride batteries with a charging rate of 30 C-rate and a discharge rate of 50 C-rate or more have been developed, mainly in Japan and China.
· 주 배터리 80%(리튬계열 배터리, 에너지 저장용) 및 보조 배터리20%(고성능 니켈수소, 과부하 대응 및 에너지 저장 보조용)를 활용한 병렬 운전 ESS용 배터리 뱅크 설계 (지적재산권 확보 가능), Battery bank design for parallel operation ESS using 80% main battery (lithium-based battery, for energy storage) and 20% auxiliary battery (high-performance nickel-metal hydride, for overload response and energy storage assistance) (intellectual property rights can be secured),
· 순간적 과부하 damping을 통한 주 배터리 수명연장 및 충방전 속도 향상Extends main battery life and improves charge/discharge speed through instantaneous overload damping
· 경제성, 순간과부하 대응 능력, 설치 용량 등을 고려한 주 배터리와 보조배터리의 최적 조합 비율 연구A study on the optimal combination ratio of main battery and sub-battery considering economic feasibility, ability to cope with momentary overload, installed capacity, etc.
- 최적 병렬 운전을 위한 ESS용 운영 제어기 설계 및 알고리즘 개발- Operation controller design and algorithm development for ESS for optimal parallel operation
· 병렬운전 제어 가능 ESS용 배터리 운영 제어기(BMS) 설계Design of battery operation controller (BMS) for ESS capable of controlling parallel operation
· 주 배터리와 보조 배터리의 방전 특성 연구 및 이를 통한 방전 구간 최적 제어 알고리즘 개발Research on discharge characteristics of main battery and auxiliary battery and development of optimal control algorithm for discharge section through this study
· 주 배터리와 보조 배터리의 충방전량 및 패턴 연구 및 이를 통한 최적 병렬 운전 제어 알고리즘 개발 (지적재산권 확보 가능)Research on charge/discharge amount and pattern of main battery and auxiliary battery and development of optimal parallel operation control algorithm (possible to secure intellectual property rights)
· 과부하 검출 알고리즘 및 ESS 수명 연장을 위한 보조 배터리 활용 극대화 알고리즘 개발Development of an overload detection algorithm and an algorithm to maximize the use of auxiliary batteries to extend the lifespan of ESS
* 출력안정성 향상 및 배터리 수명연장 * Improved output stability and extended battery life
- 기존의 ESS 배터리의 경우 한 종류의 배터리시스템으로 출력용량이 배터리 사양으로 국한됨- Existing ESS batteries are one type of battery system, and the output capacity is limited to the battery specifications.
- 보통의 ESS에 사용되는 배터리의 경우 설치비용의 부담으로 인하여 고가의 고출력 셀을 사용하기 어려움- In the case of batteries used in normal ESS, it is difficult to use expensive high-output cells due to the burden of installation cost
- 주 출력은 주 배터리가 부담하며, 순간적인 과부하나 돌입전류 등에 의한 배터리 충격을 고출력 Ni-MH 배터리가 완화하여 출력 안정 및 배터리 수명을 향상 시킬 수 있음 - The main output is borne by the main battery, and the high-output Ni-MH battery can mitigate the battery impact caused by momentary overload or inrush current to improve output stability and battery life.
* 설치 면적의 축소화 가능* Possible to reduce the installation area
- ESS의 사용특성에 따라 사용시간은 짧으나 최대 출력용량 산정으로 인하여 많은 용량의 배터리를 설치하는 경우가 있음(UPS, 풍력발전출력안정화용)- Depending on the usage characteristics of the ESS, the usage time is short, but due to the calculation of the maximum output capacity, there are cases where a battery with a large capacity is installed (UPS, for stabilizing the output of wind power generation)
- 고성능 Ni-MH 배터리를 병렬구성하여 시스템을 구성할 경우 배터리 설비용량을 대폭 축소할 수 있으며, 설치면적 또한 축소가 가능함 - If the system is composed of high-performance Ni-MH batteries in parallel, the battery capacity can be significantly reduced and the installation area can also be reduced.
* ESS 종합효율 향상* ESS overall efficiency improvement
- 고성능 Ni-MH 배터리는 내부저항이 상당히 작고 발열이 낮아 잦은 충방전에도 탁월한 효율 특성을 보임- High-performance Ni-MH batteries have very low internal resistance and low heat generation, so they show excellent efficiency even during frequent charging and discharging.
- 주 배터리의 충방전 피로를 완화시켜 ESS 종합효율 향상이 기대됨- It is expected to improve overall ESS efficiency by relieving fatigue from charging and discharging of the main battery
* 배터리 화재 예방* Battery fire prevention
- 과도한 충방전에 의한 배터리 과열 및 화재 발생 가능성 증가- Increased possibility of battery overheating and fire due to excessive charging and discharging
- 배터리 셀 표면온도 측정으로 셀의 과열상태 판단 곤란으로 열폭주에 따른 화재감지 어려움(표면온도 50℃의 경우 셀 내부 온도는 150℃ 이상)- It is difficult to detect a fire due to thermal runaway because it is difficult to determine the overheating state of the cell by measuring the surface temperature of the battery cell (if the surface temperature is 50℃, the cell internal temperature is 150℃ or higher)
- 충방전시 Ni-MH 배터리에서 발생하는 수소를 검출하여 셀 내부 온도 예측이 가능한 시스템 구축 가능- Possible to build a system capable of predicting the internal temperature of the cell by detecting hydrogen generated from the Ni-MH battery during charging and discharging
* 기존의 보조배터리를 활용한 ESS 운영시스템과의 차별성* Differentiation from the existing ESS operating system using auxiliary batteries
- 기존의 보조배터리를 활용한 ESS 운영시스템은 단순히 보조 배터리를 병렬로 연결하여 별도의 전자적인 제어 없이 물리. 화학적으로 연계되어 동작하는 시스템이었으나, 본 개발과제를 통해 개발되는 시스템은 이종의 배터리 상태를 모니터링하고 출력을 제어함으로서 기술적 우위에 있다고 판단됨. - The ESS operating system using the existing sub-battery simply connects the sub-battery in parallel to operate physically without separate electronic control. It was a system that operated chemically, but the system developed through this development task was judged to have a technological advantage by monitoring the state of different types of batteries and controlling the output.
- 그밖에, 본 발명은 리튬이온(Li-ion) 셀과 니켈-수소 셀(Ni-MH)을 예로 들어 설명하고 있으나, 이와 달리, 니켈-카드뮴(Ni-Cd), 리튬 폴리머(Li-Po) 전지, 리튬인산철(Li-FePO4) 가운데 선택될 수 있으며, 다른 종류로 결정될 수 있다.- In addition, the present invention is described by taking a lithium ion (Li-ion) cell and a nickel-hydrogen cell (Ni-MH) as examples, but, unlike this, nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd), lithium polymer (Li-Po) It can be selected among batteries, lithium iron phosphate (Li-FePO4), and can be determined by other types.
- 서로 다른 복수의 셀은 서로 다른 충방전율을 가지며, 이를 통해 충방전특성을 상호 보완할 수 있다.- A plurality of different cells have different charge and discharge rates, and through this, charge and discharge characteristics can be mutually supplemented.
- 복수의 셀은 하우징에 실장된 상태에서 충방전될 수 있으며, 필요에 따라 선택된 하나의 셀만 쉽게 교체가 가능하다.- A plurality of cells can be charged and discharged while mounted on the housing, and only one selected cell can be easily replaced as needed.
- 제어기는 복수의 셀에 외부 전원을 동시 또는 선택적으로 공급할 수 있으며, 복수의 셀로부터 동시 또는 선택적으로 외부에 전원을 공급할 수 있다.- The controller can simultaneously or selectively supply external power to a plurality of cells, and can simultaneously or selectively supply external power from a plurality of cells.
본 발명을 바람직한 실시예들을 통하여 상세하게 설명하였으나, 이와 다른 형태의 실시예들도 가능하다. 그러므로, 이하에 기재된 청구항들의 기술적 사상과 범위는 바람직한 실시예들에 한정되지 않는다.Although the present invention has been described in detail through preferred embodiments, other forms of embodiments are also possible. Therefore, the spirit and scope of the claims set forth below are not limited to the preferred embodiments.
Claims (3)
상기 제1 배터리 셀과 다른 종류의 제2 배터리 셀;
상기 제1 배터리 셀과 상기 제2 배터리 셀 중 어느 하나를 외부 단자에 연결하는 제어기를 포함하는, 전력 장치.a first battery cell;
a second battery cell of a different type from the first battery cell;
A power device comprising a controller connecting one of the first battery cell and the second battery cell to an external terminal.
상기 제1 배터리 셀은 리튬이온 셀이며,
상기 제2 배터리 셀은 니켈-수소 셀인, 전력 장치.According to claim 1,
The first battery cell is a lithium ion cell,
Wherein the second battery cell is a nickel-hydrogen cell.
상기 전력 장치는 상기 제1 및 제2 배터리 셀을 실장하는 하우징을 더 포함하는, 전력 장치.According to claim 1,
The power device further comprises a housing in which the first and second battery cells are mounted.
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