KR20230028886A - Methanol ejecting from Ethanol - Google Patents

Abstract

In a device that extracts herbal medicine and important nutrients from living organisms using ethanol as a solvent, boils an extracted solvent solution, and condenses and regenerates a solvent vapor, a trace amount of methanol extracted from the living organisms is difficult to separate because methanol dissolves well in ethanol, which is the solvent, and has a similar taste and aroma with ethanol, which is the solvent. In all living organisms, a very small amount of methanol is produced and included in a living organism during a process of ingesting, digesting and metabolizing hydrocarbon nutrients to survive. Therefore, in the device that extracts and concentrates herbal medicine and major nutrients from living organisms using ethanol as a solvent, methanol contained in ethanol must be separated in order to regenerate and reuse the ethanol, and the present invention relates to a technology regarding the same.

Description

Removal of toxic methanol contained in spirits {Methanol ejecting from Ethanol}

It relates to a technology for separating and removing methanol contained in an alcohol solution.

The main component of alcohol is ethanol, and methanol, which is produced in the process of eluting and concentrating major nutrients such as herbal medicines from living organisms using alcohol as a solvent, is a toxic substance and causes serious harm to the human body even if it is contained in a very small amount. In particular, it is easy to be included in an alcohol solution that extracts useful nutrients from living organisms. And methanol is always included in organisms, although in very small amounts.

Therefore, when using alcohol as a solvent to extract herbal medicines or important nutrients from living organisms and reusing alcohol by distillation, there must be a process to remove methanol while checking for an increase in methanol dissolved in the alcohol solution. do.

Alcohol is mainly composed of ethanol.

And the boiling temperature of ethanol is 78.3℃ at 1 atm.

To evaporate and remove only alcohol from the alcohol solution in which crude drugs and major nutrients are eluted and dissolved, and to concentrate crude drugs and major nutrients, heat up to 78.3 ° C with an electric heater or a heating source used as combustion heat to boil the alcohol, evaporate, and evaporate methanol and ethanol vapor must be separated and cooled to condense.

Therefore, there must be a heating source for evaporation and cooling water for cooling.

However, when the alcohol solution is injected into the airtight container and the "non-condensed gas" inside the airtight container is discharged to lower the internal pressure of the airtight container, the boiling temperature of the alcohol solution is lowered.

So, when the pressure inside the airtight container is lowered by discharging the air, which is the non-condensable gas inside the airtight container, with a vacuum pump, the boiling temperature of the alcohol solution inside the container is lowered and the alcohol solution is boiled with the condensation heat of the refrigerant vapor in the refrigerant circuit.

If the alcohol solution is condensed by the heat of evaporation of the condensed liquid refrigerant, a separate heating source and cooling water are not required, and the herbal medicine and major nutrients can be separated and concentrated from the diluted alcohol solution.

In addition, when condensing the alcohol solution vapor, methanol, which is harmful to the human body, contained in the alcohol solution has a higher evaporation pressure than ethanol, so that methanol vapor is separated and condensed from ethanol vapor. It is a technical task of the present invention to separate and remove trace amounts of methanol generated in the process of extracting and concentrating herbal medicine ingredients and useful nutrients from living organisms.

The means for solving the technical problem of the present invention is a regenerator for separating and concentrating the crude drug and major nutrients from the alcohol solution in which the crude drug and major nutrients are eluted from the organism, as shown in FIG. 4, one solvent solution evaporation space 200, methanol The condensing space 300 and the ethanol condensing space 400 are divided into three spaces, connected by a pipe to form an airtight space, and a space in which the refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit condenses along the outer circumferential surface of the solvent solution evaporation space 200. and put spaces in which the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit evaporates in the "methanol condensation space 300" and the "ethanol condensation space 400, respectively.

The refrigerant condensation temperature of the refrigerant circuit for air conditioning is 54.4℃ and the refrigerant evaporation temperature is 7.2℃ as the basic temperature value. At this time, the coefficient of performance of the refrigerant circuit is about "3", and when the temperature of evaporating the alcohol solution is 45-50 ℃ and the temperature of condensing the evaporated alcohol vapor is maintained at 10-15 ℃, the refrigerant circuit The coefficient of performance (COP) is maintained at about "3.6" or higher. In other words, the enthalpy of 3.6 times or more of the enthalpy of the amount of power used to operate the compressor is raised from a temperature of 10-15°C to a temperature of 45-50°C.

Therefore, if a vacuum space with low leakage can be maintained at about 1 Torr for several hours in the inner space of the container of the regenerator, and an alcohol solution from which crude drugs and major nutrients are eluted from living organisms is injected, the evaporation pressure of the substances contained in the alcohol solution inside the container is reduced. The pressure varies depending on

If the spirit solution contains methanol with the highest evaporation pressure, the pressure inside the container according to the temperature of the evaporation space will maintain the pressure according to the evaporation pressure of methanol. will maintain the pressure accordingly.

So, in order to check whether methanol, which is toxic to the human body, is included in the alcohol solution according to the temperature and pressure of the regeneration vessel,

In the temperature and pressure graph of ethanol and methanol, when the temperature of the "solvent solution evaporation space 200" is maintained at 50 ° C, 210 mmHg is maintained when only ethanol is present in the solution, but when methanol is present, depending on the number of molecules of methanol present The pressure is maintained at a pressure higher than 210 mmHg.

So, by opening the "damper motor opening/closing valve (DMV1)" connected to the "methanol condensing space (300)" and opening the opening/closing valves (VA1, VB1) of the refrigerant circuit, the liquid refrigerant vapor is released into the refrigerant evaporation space of the methanol condensing space (300). Since the methanol vapor is condensed, the internal pressure of the regeneration vessel is lowered. When all the methanol vapor contained in the solution is evaporated and liquefied, the pressure drop inside the regeneration vessel is stopped and the "damper motor opening/closing valve (DMV1) connected to the "methanol condensation space (300)" when maintaining the temperature and pressure of the ethanol temperature and pressure graph Close ", open the "damper motor opening/closing valve (DMV2)" connected to the "ethanol condensing space (400)", and open the refrigerant circuit opening/closing valves (VA2, VB2) connected to the refrigerant evaporation space of the "ethanol condensing space (400)". Since the liquid refrigerant flows into the refrigerant evaporation space of the ethanol condensing space 400 and evaporates, the ethanol vapor in the "ethanol vapor condensing space 400" is condensed and separated and regenerated.

By removing methanol, a toxic substance contained in the solvent, herbal medicines and major nutrients extracted from living organisms do not contain methanol, a toxic substance, and at the same time maintain the boiling temperature of ethanol below 50 ° C. When ethanol is evaporated and condensed from the solution using condensation heat and evaporation heat, ethanol vapor, which is inflammable and harmful to the natural environment, is not organic to the natural environment, protecting the natural environment and eluting herbal medicines and useful nutrients from living organisms at a low temperature of 50℃ or less. As a result, the molecular structure of herbal medicines and useful nutrients is not modified, and at the same time, methanol, which is toxic to crude medicines and important nutrients eluted from living organisms, is removed to improve the quality of herbal medicines and important nutrients obtained from living organisms and further reduce power consumption. There are possible economic benefits.

Figure 1: Configuration diagram of an extractor for extracting herbal medicines and major nutrients contained in living organisms
Figure 2: Structure of the discharge valve for discharging the solution extracted from the extractor
Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit of the regenerator
Figure 4: Structural diagram of the regenerator according to the invention
Figure 5: Overall configuration diagram of extraction and regeneration apparatus according to the invention
Figure 6: Schematic diagram of electrical and electronic control according to the invention

An apparatus for implementing the present invention

The extractor 100, which dissolves crude drugs and useful nutrients from living organisms in ethanol solvent, and the flow rate that is stirred when agitating (Agitate) the solution in which crude drugs and major nutrients are eluted from living organisms in the extractor 100 A solvent solution outlet valve that does not affect flux),

A solvent solution evaporator (200) that boils a solution in which herbal medicines and useful nutrients eluted from organisms are dissolved, a condensation vessel (300) that condenses methanol vapor that boils and evaporates at a lower temperature than ethanol, and a condensation vessel (400) that condenses ethanol vapor. consists of

As shown in FIG. 1, in the extractor 100, the flow-flux of the solvent solution generated by the rotation of the agitator blades at the bottom of the extraction vessel moves only up and down, and the solvent solution flowing up and down and the outer wall of the extraction vessel by minimizing the generation of centrifugal force In order to minimize the frictional force with the wing, the rotational direction of the wing is concave in an oval shape (114), and the solution discharge valve at the bottom of the extractor (100) matches the upper surface of the valve with the bottom surface of the container as shown in FIG. It does not interfere with the flow rate of the solution and at the same time prevents the solution from pooling.

The heat source for evaporating and condensing the solution is all due to the heat of condensation and endotherm of evaporation in the refrigerant circuit, so the value of the heat to boil the solution and the heat to condense the vapor of the boiled solution must always be kept the same.

Therefore, when the flow rate of refrigerant flowing into the evaporator is controlled by the flow rate control method of patent registration number 1021715770000, the superheat of the refrigerant vapor sucked into the compressor inside the refrigerant compressor case is always constant, and the refrigerant vapor sucked into the compressor inside the refrigerant compressor case The coefficient of performance (COP) of the refrigerant circuit maintains the best when the superheat of the

The temperature standards for the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioner are condensation temperature 54.4℃ and evaporation temperature 7.2℃.

However, the evaporation temperature of methanol at 1 atmospheric pressure is 64.7℃ and the evaporation temperature of ethanol is 78.3℃. Exhaust to maintain vacuum.

At this time, when the activated carbon filter 500 composed of "carbon microtube" is placed on the suction side of the vacuum pump and the gas inside the container is discharged, organic vapors such as methanol and ethanol that are flammable and harmful to the global environment are not discharged together with the uncondensed gas. don't let

The solvent regenerator (FIG. 4) is divided into three spaces: "solvent solution evaporation space 200" for boiling solvent, "space 300 for condensing methanol vapor", and "space 400 for condensing ethanol vapor". The space where methanol vapor is condensed and the space where ethanol vapor is condensed are separated by damper motor opening/closing valves (DMV1, DMV2), and are selectively opened and closed according to the pressure and temperature inside the container.

When the temperature of the solvent solution evaporation space 200 is 50 ° C with the two on-off valves DMV1 and DMV2 closed, if the pressure inside the space maintains 210 mmHg or more, which is the ethanol evaporation pressure, the solvent solution contains methanol. indicate

At this time, as the valve (DMV1) is opened, the liquid refrigerant is controlled by the "refrigerant flow control valve according to patent registration number 1021715770000", and as the valves (VA1, VB1) are opened, through the refrigerant evaporation space of the methanol vapor condensation space (300) As it circulates, only methanol vapor is condensed, and the condensed liquid methanol falls by the earth's gravity and collects below, and the amount of condensed methanol is measured by the laser beam level sensor.

And when all the methanol in the solvent solution is evaporated and condensed in the "space for condensing methanol vapor (300)", the "temperature and pressure of the solvent solution evaporation space (200) is the saturation evaporation temperature (50 ℃) according to the physical properties of ethanol and Maintain the saturated evaporation pressure (210mmHg).

At this time, the valve (DMV1) is closed, the valve (DMV2) is opened, and then the refrigerant circuit opening and closing valves (VA2, VB2) are opened, and the liquid refrigerant evaporates in the refrigerant evaporation space of the "ethanol vapor condensation space (400)", so the ethanol vapor is condensed. It accumulates in the "ethanol vapor condensation space 400".

The condensed recovered ethanol solution is filled into the extractor container through the pump according to the operation of the extractor, and the insufficient amount according to the amount of the solvent solution filled is supplemented from the ethanol supplement tank 600 and the ethanol solution filled in the supplement tank 600 The amount of is always sensed and replenished by the liquid column detection sensor.

Figure 1
101: hard plate 102: confidential clutch
103: extraction vessel body 104: vessel inner viewing window
105: solution heating medium oil space 106: rotating bearing for stirring blades
107: permanent magnet coupling 108: deceleration motor
109: solution discharge valve 110: manual on/off valve
111: crystal glass tube 112: liquid column detection beam sense
113: manual on-off valve 114: stirring rotary blade
115: screen net 116: perspective light source
Figure 3
T : Temperature sense TIC : Temperature indicating controller
P: Pressure sensor PIC: Pressure indicating regulator
INV: power frequency variable controller FM: blower driving motor
Figure 4
200: solvent solution evaporation space 300: methanol vapor condensation space
400: ethanol vapor condensation space
MV: motor-operated on-off valve
DMV1 : Methanol vapor condensation space opening/closing damper valve
DMV2 : Damper valve for opening/closing of ethanol vapor condensation space
VA1, VB1: Refrigerant circuit opening/closing valve for methanol vapor condensation
VA2, VB2: Refrigerant circuit opening/closing valve for ethanol vapor condensation
Fig. 5
500: activated carbon filter 600: ethanol supplement tank
COMP: Refrigerant compressor PUMP: Ethanol solution transfer pump
VC1: Condensed ethanol discharge valve VC2: Refill tank ethanol discharge valve
Fig. 6
PC: Computer HMI: Command control driving panel
PLC: Program controller SCADA: Instruction control and operation software
TPR: Semiconductor Power Controller

Claims (5)

In the extractor 100, herbal medicines and important nutrients are extracted from living organisms using alcohol (ethanol) as a solvent, and when the alcohol solution from which the herbal medicines and important nutrients are extracted is heated and boiled, only the alcohol with a low evaporation temperature evaporates, so the herbal medicines and important nutrients are concentrated. . In a device that cools and condenses the evaporated spirit vapor and reuses it as a solvent, the solvent solution is heated and boiled with the condensation heat (45-50℃) of the refrigerant circuit without a separate heating and cooling source, so the evaporated solvent vapor is returned to the refrigerant circuit. It cools and condenses with the endotherm of evaporation (10-15℃). At this time, the coefficient of performance (COP) of the refrigerant circuit is about 3.6. So, when heating with a separate heating source and cooling and condensing, the heat amount of the heating source

In order to distill and regenerate alcohol by operating the refrigerant compressor with the power of heat loss, since the boiling temperature of ethanol as a solvent is 78.3 ° C. at atmospheric pressure, ethanol cannot be boiled by the heat of condensation of the refrigerant circuit and condensed by latent heat of evaporation under atmospheric pressure. So, if air, which is a non-condensable gas, is discharged from the airtight container, the solvent solution is injected, and the condensation temperature of the refrigerant circuit is maintained at 50 ° C, the evaporation pressure of the alcohol (ethanol) solution is maintained at 210 Torr.
So, as shown in FIG. 4, it is divided into three spaces: "solvent solution evaporation space 200", "methanol condensation space 300", and "ethanol condensation space 400", and the outer circumferential surface of "solvent solution evaporation space 200" In the refrigerant circuit condenser, the evaporator of the refrigerant circuit is placed inside the "methanol condensation space 300" and the "ethanol condensation space 400", respectively, in the "solvent solution evaporation space 200", "methanol condensation space 300", "Ethanol condensation space (400)" If the container divided into three spaces is airtight, discharging uncondensed gas, injecting solvent solution, and operating the refrigerant compressor to maintain the condensation temperature of the refrigerant circuit at 50 ℃, the solvent solution is included in the vapor. The vaporized methanol vapor and ethanol vapor maintain the internal space pressure of the regeneration vessel with the evaporation pressure according to each physical property.
However, the evaporation pressure of methanol molecules is higher than that of ethanol molecules. The above devices configured to separate and remove methanol from ethanol by separating and condensing methanol molecules and ethanol molecules using the physical properties of methanol molecules, and a solvent regeneration means for separating and removing methanol by operating the devices In the apparatus for implementing the means of item 1 above, it is divided into three spaces: "solvent solution evaporation space (200)", "methanol condensation space (300)", and "ethanol condensation space (400)", and the alcohol (ethanol) contained in the solvent A solvent solution evaporation space (200), a methanol condensation space (300), and an ethanol condensation space (400) to separate and remove wood spirit (methanol), which is toxic to the human body, from alcohol (ethanol) by using the difference in evaporation pressure of wood spirit (methanol). Solvent regeneration unit separated into three spaces. As shown in FIG. 4, in the apparatus for implementing the means of
It is divided into three spaces, "solvent solution evaporation space (200)", "methanol condensation space (300)" and "ethanol condensation space (400)", and an electric heater is placed along the outer circumferential surface of the conduit connected to the top of each space, and the solvent evaporation space When heated to a temperature slightly higher than the internal temperature of (200), the solvent vapor inherent in the pipe is not condensed in the pipe. So, according to Dalton's law of partial pressure, the pressure of the vapor inside the regeneration vessel increases when a small amount of methanol vapor is included in the ethanol vapor. That is, if the pressure of the ethanol vapor at 50 ℃ is 210 Torr, the methanol evaporation pressure of △ P according to the molecular ratio of methanol vapor is added, so the pressure inside the container becomes a pressure of 210 + △ P , and the molecular ratio of methanol contained in the vapor (Mole The value of △ P varies depending on the fraction. So, when the pressure inside the vessel is 210 + △ P , valve DMV1 opens and methanol vapor with a specific gravity lower than that of ethanol rises up along the pipe as shown in the cross section "D - D'" in FIG. Therefore, methanol vapor can be separated from ethanol vapor. In the extractor 100 for extracting useful nutrients such as crude drugs from organisms using alcohol as a solvent, the extraction solution discharge valve is aligned with the bottom surface of the container as shown in FIG. A solvent solution discharge valve of a solvent solution regenerator having the form of FIG. 2 that saves the power required and at the same time discharges all of the solution without pooling to maintain the highest extraction efficiency Since the stirrer rotary blade of FIG. 1 maintains the shape of the front end of the wing along the rotation direction in the oval half shape 114, the generation of centrifugal force generated by rotation when stirring the solution is minimized to vertically rotate the extraction container 100. It is an ethanol solvent with an elliptical half-shape (114) that saves power required for agitation by minimizing frictional force with the wall and at the same time increases the extraction efficiency of crude drugs and important nutrients from living organisms. Agitator rotary vane of extractor 100

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