KR20230021532A - Battery installation and uninstallation system and method for electric vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery coupling and decoupling system and method for an electric vehicle and, more specifically, to a battery coupling and decoupling system and method for an electric vehicle, which can decouple a battery to solve various problems that arise when the battery is charged while an electric vehicle travels, enables the battery discharged by traveling to be replaced with a charged battery, and allows a battery module to be strongly coupled or easily decoupled from the electric vehicle by using vacuum force in a process of replacing the battery so that the battery can be replaced completely and automatically within one minute. According to the present invention, the battery coupling and decoupling system comprises: a battery module; a battery coupling unit; a sealing unit; a gap space; an air valve; and a vacuum pump.

Description

Battery coupling and separation system and method for electric vehicles {Battery installation and uninstallation system and method for electric vehicles}

The present invention relates to a system and method for coupling and separating a battery of an electric vehicle, and more particularly, in order to solve various problems occurring in battery charging that occur in driving an electric vehicle, the battery is configured to be separated and discharged by driving. In the process of exchanging the battery, the battery module is firmly coupled to the electric vehicle using the power of vacuum and configured to be easily separated, so that the battery module can be completely recharged within 1 minute. It relates to a battery coupling and separation system and method for an electric vehicle configured to be automatically exchanged.

In addition, in order to secure the safety of the vehicle and the driver from battery fires that frequently occur in electric vehicles, the battery module can be separated from the electric vehicle by itself in the event of a fire. After the battery module is separated, the auxiliary battery power and It relates to a battery coupling and separation system and method for an electric vehicle that can escape from the risk of fire by quickly moving the vehicle to a safe area from a battery module burning on the ground using a condenser.

In addition, in a fully autonomous electric vehicle in the future, the battery is not charged with a cable, but is automatically exchanged at the battery exchange center and automatically recharged so that the driver gets off the vehicle and directly cable The convenience and safety of self-driving electric vehicles to be put into practical use in the near future by not only eliminating the inconvenience of connecting the device to a charging port, but also ensuring the driver's safety in the event of a battery fire that may occur while the driver is asleep while driving completely autonomously. It relates to a battery coupling and separation system and method for an electric vehicle that secures.

An electric vehicle is a vehicle that runs using electric energy stored in a battery as a power source. Compared to conventional vehicles that use fossil fuels, electric vehicles have environmentally friendly characteristics such as no harmful gas emission and less noise and vibration, which has led to the production of electric vehicles. and supply is gradually accelerating, and the combination of electric vehicles and autonomous driving is actively promoted.

Despite the many advantages of electric vehicles, all-in-one electric vehicles take a long time to charge the battery fixed to the vehicle, and it is difficult to secure a parking space with charging facilities, and the space must be vacated immediately to other electric vehicles once charging is complete. Due to many constraints, drivers are not only very uncomfortable with charging electric vehicles, but disputes often arise.

High-speed charging, which is used to shorten the long charging time, which is the most inconvenient for drivers, not only shortens the battery life greatly, but also increases the risk of fire. Charging is concentrated only at a specific time, which overloads the power supply network, increases the risk of blackout, and causes extreme operation imbalance of electricity supply facilities. In contrast, a high-speed charging device for an electric vehicle is charging five times higher rates.

In addition, an all-in-one electric vehicle with a fixed battery is exposed to external temperature as it is during the charging process, which reduces the charging efficiency and shortens the lifespan. There are many problems with the integrated battery method, such as difficulty in recycling because the specifications of the batteries generated and discarded are also different.

Recently, fires have frequently occurred in electric vehicles. The battery deterioration phenomenon that causes battery fires is caused by the conversion of lithium into ions and metals at the positive and negative electrodes of the battery while repeating charging and discharging of the battery of the electric vehicle. When the dendrite is formed, the insulation breakdown of the battery occurs, and a large amount of current flows to this part in an instant, causing a fire. A great loss of property occurs.

As an alternative to solving many problems of these all-in-one batteries, it is possible to separate the battery from the electric vehicle, charge it slowly with sufficient time in an external facility that maintains a constant temperature, and then exchange the charged battery with a discharged battery at a battery exchange center. Although this method is effective, since the process of separating and combining for battery replacement relies on an external battery exchange device, not only does it take a lot of cost to construct a device that mechanically fastens and separates bolts, but it also requires high precision, making it difficult to adjust positional errors. It takes time and it takes a long time to replace the battery, so it has not been put to practical use yet.

In addition, if the battery is configured to be exchanged with an external mechanical device, the electric vehicle cannot separate the battery on its own when a fire occurs, so in the event of a battery fire, the vehicle is also burned down like the existing all-in-one battery, so there is no help from an external device. There is a need for a new system in which the electric vehicle quickly connects and separates the battery by itself without receiving it.

In particular, if a battery fire occurs in a fully autonomous electric vehicle to be introduced in the future, if the vehicle cannot disconnect the battery by itself, it will not be possible to protect the driver who is unaware of the fire by falling asleep in autonomous driving.

Accordingly, the present invention is to solve the above problems of the prior art, using vacuum pressure of air made by a small vacuum pump installed in an electric vehicle so that the battery of the electric vehicle can be replaced in a short time of less than 1 minute. Its purpose is to construct a new method for quickly combining and separating battery modules, and to provide an electric vehicle battery coupling and separation system capable of automatically adjusting positional errors that occur when a charged battery module is inserted.

In addition, the purpose is to provide an electric vehicle battery separation system that is faster and more convenient than refueling an engine vehicle because it can automatically complete the charging of the battery module without the driver getting off the battery while automatically exchanging the battery within one minute.

In addition, by configuring the battery module to be separated and combined from the electric vehicle, the battery module is proactively separated from the electric vehicle in an emergency situation where a fire occurs, and the electric vehicle is emergency moved in the area affected by the fire of the separated battery module. An object of the present invention is to provide a coupling/separation system for an electric vehicle battery that safely protects an electric vehicle and a driver.

In addition, the purpose is to provide an electric vehicle battery separation system that can increase safety and reliability against fire in fully autonomous driving by securing sufficient safety against battery fire that may occur in autonomously driving electric vehicles.

The tasks of the present invention are not limited to the tasks mentioned above, and other tasks not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below.

In order to solve the above problems, the battery coupling and separation system of an electric vehicle according to the present invention, in an electric vehicle for charging by exchanging battery modules, a battery module separated and coupled from the electric vehicle, and a vehicle floor of the electric vehicle A battery coupling portion accommodating the battery module from the surface to the bottom, a sealing unit sealing between the battery module and the battery coupling portion, and a space formed by the battery module, the battery coupling portion, and the sealing unit, An air valve that opens and closes an air passage installed in the space between the spaces, and a vacuum pump that closes the air valve and sucks in air from the space to make the air pressure in the space below atmospheric pressure. By changing the air pressure in the space, the batteries are coupled and separated.

In addition, the coupling force created by the vacuum pressure acting on the area of the interspace is configured to be three times or more of the weight of the battery module to maintain the coupling of the battery module and the battery coupling part.

In addition, a vacuum tank installed between the interspace and the vacuum pump may be included to instantaneously lower the air pressure in the interspace.

In addition, the battery module may further include an insertion wheel provided at an upper corner.

In addition, the sealing unit comprises a first contact member constituting a part of the upper surface of the battery module and formed of a closed curve, and a second contact member constituting a part of the battery coupling part and in close contact with the first contact member at a predetermined gap or less. It includes an adhesion member and a sealing member completely sealing the gap between the first adhesion member and the second adhesion member so as to seal the air in the space between them.

In addition, it further includes a coupling unit for preventing horizontal movement between the battery module and the battery coupling unit, wherein the coupling unit is attached to the upper surface of the battery module and includes a first coupling member made of concavo-convex portions, and a vertical direction. When the air pressure in the interspace is lowered to atmospheric pressure or less, the second coupling member is composed of a second coupling member composed of a concavo-convex portion opposite to the first coupling member and attached to the bottom of the upper surface of the battery coupling portion having high flexibility. It can move toward the coupling member and come into close contact with it.

In addition, when an emergency situation such as a fire occurs in the battery module, the electric vehicle opens the air valve to supply air to the interspace to increase the air pressure to atmospheric pressure, and the battery module is moved to the battery coupling part by gravity. It is withdrawn from and is separated by falling to the lower plane of the electric vehicle.

In addition, electricity for moving the electric vehicle from which the battery module is separated may be supplied as high-voltage electricity to a traveling motor by storing low-voltage electricity of an auxiliary battery in a condenser.

In addition, the electric vehicle may be an autonomous vehicle that drives by itself without a driver driving.

A battery coupling and separation method of an electric vehicle according to the present invention includes a battery coupling portion formed at the bottom of the electric vehicle, a battery module detachably coupled to the battery coupling portion, and a space between the battery coupling portion and the battery module. A method of coupling and separating a battery of an electric vehicle of an electric vehicle battery coupling and separation system in which battery modules are separated and coupled by changing air pressure, wherein the electric vehicle enters a battery exchange center, and air is supplied to the space between the electric vehicles. A battery module separation step of supplying air pressure to atmospheric pressure to separate the discharged battery module from the battery coupling part and lowering the discharged battery module into a lower exchange space using an external insertion unit; A battery module exchanging step of exchanging the battery module discharged in the space with a pre-charged battery module, and inserting the charged battery module exchanged in the exchanging space into the battery coupling part using the insertion unit and vacuum pump A battery module coupling step of coupling the charged battery module to the battery coupling part by making the air pressure in the interspace less than atmospheric pressure, and an electric vehicle advancing step of moving the electric vehicle out of the battery exchange center.

In addition, in the battery module separation step, the insertion unit capable of vertically moving the battery module vertically rises in the direction of the battery coupling part by itself and contacts the discharged battery module, and the air valve A battery module coupling release step of releasing the coupling between the battery coupling portion and the discharged battery module by removing the vacuum pressure by supplying air to the interspace by opening the space, and the insertion unit descends together with the discharged battery module. and a first lowering step of the insertion unit in which the discharged battery module is lowered onto the horizontal moving unit of the exchange space.

In addition, in the battery module coupling step, the insertion unit capable of vertically moving the battery module vertically raises the charged battery module located in the horizontal movement unit of the exchange space in the direction of the battery coupling part. An ascent step, a position error elimination step of removing a position error between the charged battery module and the battery coupling portion by an insertion wheel installed on the charged battery module while the charged battery module is inserted into the battery coupling portion; A battery module fixing step of fixing the charged battery module to the battery coupling part by closing the air valve in the interspace to stop air movement, and making the air pressure in the interspace below atmospheric pressure with the vacuum pump to charge the battery module It may include a battery module fastening step of fastening the battery module to the battery coupling part, and a second lowering step of the insertion unit in which the insertion unit descends alone.

In addition, when a fire occurs in the battery module, an emergency separation step of separating the battery module by supplying air to the space between the electric vehicle, pulling it out from the battery coupling part by gravity, and dropping it to a lower plane of the electric vehicle. and an emergency moving step of moving the electric vehicle from which the battery module is separated to a safe location away from the battery module that has fallen due to fire using electricity stored in an auxiliary battery.

According to the battery coupling and separation system and method of the present invention, one or more of the following effects are provided.

First, when the vacuum pressure is created by sucking the air in the space between the battery coupling part and the battery module of the electric vehicle by sealing it with a sealing unit, the vacuum pump creates a bonding force that is more than three times the weight of the battery module generated in the space between the battery. If the module is firmly fixed and the air valve is opened to remove the vacuum pressure, the battery module can be easily separated by its own weight and the battery module can be replaced within 1 minute.

Second, the insertion of the battery module automatically adjusts the positional error of the battery coupling part by the insertion wheel installed on the battery module, inserts it quickly and accurately, and supports the sealing unit to maintain the vacuum pressure in the space between the battery modules. And in the separation of the battery module, it has the advantage of being able to quickly replace the battery module in the electric vehicle to complete the charge by playing a sliding role so that the discharge is good.

Third, the battery coupling part and the battery module are tightly coupled vertically with the strong bonding force created by combining the vacuum pressure, which is easy to configure and control, with the area between the spaces, and the battery module and the battery coupling unit as a coupling unit installed in the space between them. By fixing it horizontally, the battery module is fixed without being pushed or separated from the electric vehicle even by external force in any direction, so there is an advantage in economically configuring the battery exchange system.

Fourth, if a fire occurs in the battery module of the electric vehicle, the battery module can be quickly separated from the electric vehicle and the battery module is separated from the electric vehicle by supplying electricity using the auxiliary battery and the condenser to burn the battery. It has the advantage of being able to safely respond to battery fire, which is the biggest anxiety factor in electric vehicles, by moving it to a sufficiently safe distance from the module.

Fifth, self-driving electric vehicles can actively respond to battery fires that may occur while driving in self-driving electric vehicles, so even in situations where the driver can fall asleep with autonomous driving, the electric vehicles can overcome the risk of battery fire on their own. It has the advantage of increasing the safety and reliability of

The effects of the present invention are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the claims.

1 is a diagram schematically showing a state in which a battery module of an electric vehicle battery coupling/separation system according to an embodiment of the present invention is coupled to an electric vehicle.
2 is a diagram schematically showing a battery module of a battery coupling/separation system for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration for exchanging a battery module of an electric vehicle battery coupling/separation system according to an embodiment of the present invention with an external replacement device.
4 is a diagram schematically illustrating a state in which a battery module of an electric vehicle battery coupling/separation system according to an embodiment of the present invention is emergency separated from an electric vehicle.
5 is a flowchart of a method for coupling and separating a battery of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Advantages and features of the present invention, and methods of achieving them, will become clear with reference to the detailed description of the following embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but may be implemented in various different forms, and only these embodiments make the disclosure of the present invention complete, and common knowledge in the art to which the present invention belongs. It is provided to completely inform the person who has the scope of the invention, and the present invention is only defined by the scope of the claims. Like reference numbers designate like elements throughout the specification.

The size or shape of components shown in the drawings accompanying this specification may be exaggerated for clarity and convenience of description. It should be noted that in each drawing, the same configuration may be indicated by the same reference numerals. In addition, detailed descriptions of functions and configurations of known technologies that may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention may be omitted.

Terms used in this specification are used to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used herein, the singular form may include the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In addition, when a certain part "includes" a certain component throughout this specification, it means that it may further include other components unless otherwise stated.

The term 'battery module' used throughout this specification means that battery cells made of lithium batteries can be attached to and detached from an electric vehicle by connecting several to dozens of battery packs in which several to dozens are connected according to the power consumption of the electric vehicle. It means equipped to do it. In this assembly process, a battery module may be directly configured by connecting only tens to thousands of battery cells.

First, looking at batteries used in electric vehicles, lithium batteries using lithium, an element with the highest ionization tendency due to good separation of electrons, are composed of four parts: anode material, cathode material, electrolyte, and separator. Basically, a lithium battery As lithium ions move between the cathode and anode materials, charging and discharging are performed by exchanging electrons. Accordingly, battery characteristics such as capacity and lifespan of a lithium battery depend on the storage capacity of lithium ions, the movement speed, and the stability of cathode and anode materials.

First, when the battery of an electric vehicle is repeatedly charged and discharged, lithium ions do not completely move to the positive and negative electrodes inside the battery, and the battery deteriorates by forming conductive dendrites with lithium metal on the separator. This deterioration The phenomenon occurs more severely as the charging speed increases, as the temperature of the battery becomes too low or too high, and as overcharge or overdischarge occurs, rapidly shortening the lifespan of the battery.

The battery of an electric vehicle needs to be charged with a huge amount of electricity required for long-distance driving, and a lot of electricity that can be used for a week in a house of a family of four is charged at once.

In order to charge such enormous electricity, there are two methods of charging an electric vehicle: a direct charging method and an exchange charging method. First, the direct charging method is a method of charging by directly connecting wires to a battery pack fixed to a vehicle. In this case, there is a problem in that the electric vehicle cannot be operated during the charging time. In addition, since the battery pack is exposed to the outside during charging, the charging efficiency varies greatly depending on the temperature of the outside air, and it is difficult to check the deterioration state of the battery cells constituting the battery pack. There are problems that can lead to it.

If high-speed charging is used to shorten the charging time, battery cell deterioration is accelerated and battery life is greatly shortened. In addition, high-speed charging increases the instantaneous load of the power supply in proportion to the reduced charging time, so the power supply network If the proportion of electric vehicles using high-speed charging increases, extreme demand fluctuations occur, in which the peak demand for electric power surges only during the preferred charging time of electric vehicles, and the demand for power decreases sharply during non-preferred times, resulting in tremendous inefficiency of the power supply network. In addition, blackout may occur in severe cases.

Recently, as the mileage of electric vehicles increases, battery fires are increasing. When a fire occurs in a battery, the mounting structure of the battery that is transferred to the vehicle is a fundamental problem.

Dendrites formed from deterioration of the battery destroy the insulation between the positive and negative electrodes, causing a fire. In addition to burnout, there is a problem that the risk of electric shock due to high-voltage electricity is high, interfering with lifesaving or accident handling, and endangering passengers or firefighters.

As the mileage increases, the fire risk of electric vehicle batteries, which increases the possibility of battery fire, is not sufficiently considered, and the battery is fixed to the vehicle in consideration of vehicle productivity and the convenience of securing battery charging facilities. If this is done, the vehicle cannot separate the battery by itself and thus cannot solve the problem of the vehicle being burned down.

In particular, the risk of fire in electric vehicles is that, in the event of the advent of autonomous vehicles, a battery fire can be a very serious safety issue in a situation where the driver can fall asleep while driving. A battery separation method is needed to prevent the risk of fire from the battery being transferred to the vehicle by moving the vehicle to a safe area in an emergency.

The exchange charging method is a method of separating a discharged battery, charging it later in another space, and replacing it with a pre-charged battery. It is a familiar technology that has already been used in mobile phones, but an electric vehicle battery requires thousands of times more storage capacity than a mobile phone battery, so it weighs less. It is heavy, large in size, and requires a long battery life of about 10 years, so battery replacement in an electric vehicle is difficult to configure and economical, so it has not yet been put to practical use.

If the battery can be separated and charged and quickly replaced within 1 minute with the charged battery, it not only solves the driver's inconvenience of charging at once, but also prevents the enormous cost and inconvenience of construction required to secure charging facilities, and in a constant temperature environment. By charging with enough spare time, the lifespan of the battery can be extended by about two times, and since charging is performed using surplus electricity, charging costs can be reduced by using surplus electricity that is discarded without generating a charging load, and the battery condition is also improved. There are many advantages to preventing a fire by checking every time you charge and removing a bad battery.

The present invention not only provides a system and method for automatically replacing batteries within 1 minute, but also secures safety from fire by separating the battery from the occurrence of a fire and moving to a safe place in an emergency with the battery disconnected. .

In this specification, 'rise' and 'fall' express the process of vertical movement of the battery module in normal exchange, and abnormal vertical movement in which the acceleration of gravity acts as it is is expressed as 'fall'. In addition, 'insertion' and 'withdrawal' represent the steps in which the battery module enters and exits the battery coupling part, and 'coupling' and 'separation' represent the state in which the battery module is in close contact with the battery coupling unit, but is dependent on the front and back processes. The state before engagement is expressed as coupling, and the state after release is expressed as separation. 'Engagement' and 'disengagement' express the steps in which the fastening device and the coupler become locked to each other or, conversely, to the unlocked state.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings in order to explain an electric vehicle battery separation system according to embodiments of the present invention.

1 is a diagram schematically showing a state in which a battery module is coupled to an electric vehicle in an electric vehicle battery coupling/separation system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a view showing a battery coupling of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 is a diagram schematically showing a battery module of the separation system, and FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration in which the battery module of the battery coupling and separation system of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is exchanged with an external replacement device.

1, 2, and 3, in the electric vehicle 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the battery module 200 and the battery coupling part 100 form an interspace 180, and the interspace ( A process of quickly coupling and separating the battery module 200 from the electric vehicle 1 by creating and removing vacuum pressure at 180 will be described.

When the space 180 formed when the battery module 200 and the battery coupling part 100 meet is sealed with a sealing unit including a sealing member 211 and the air valve 150 is blocked, air movement is stopped while the battery module 200 is fixed to the battery coupling part 100. Next, when the air of the space 180 is sucked using the vacuum pump 160, vacuum pressure is created and acts on a large area of the space 180. The vacuum pressure is combined with the area to create a large binding force capable of supporting the weight of the battery module.

In the battery module 200 installed in the electric vehicle 1, an area required for the space 180 of 1 m2 (10,000 cm2) or more can be secured, and a vacuum pressure of 0.5 kg/cm2 or more can be obtained by using the vacuum pump 160. If secured, it is possible to secure a bonding force of 5 tons or more combined.

Since the vacuum pump 160 installed in the electric vehicle may take a long time to create the vacuum pressure of the space 180, a vacuum tank larger than the volume of the space between the vacuum pump 160 and the space 180 ( 170) and continuously suck air into the vacuum pump 160 while the electric vehicle is running to make the air pressure in the vacuum tank 170 less than 0.01 kg/cm 2 and create a vacuum pressure of 0.99 kg/cm 2 or more to create a space between them (180 ), when vacuum pressure is required, the vacuum valve 171 is opened to equalize the pressure between the vacuum tank 170 and the space 180, and a vacuum pressure of 0.5 kg/cm 2 or more required for the space 180 is applied for 1 second. can be obtained within

In this way, the vacuum pressure is divided into a primary vacuum pressure of 0.5 kg/cm 2 or more and a secondary vacuum pressure of 0.99 kg/cm 2 or more, and the high pressure secondary vacuum pressure is sucked by the vacuum pump 160 for a long time to form a vacuum tank 170. After securing, it is configured to secure the primary vacuum pressure, which is the low pressure required in the space 180, within 1 second.

On the other hand, when the battery module 200 is separated, if only the air valve 150 is opened to supply external air, the vacuum pressure in the space 180 is removed within 1 second, the bonding force disappears, and the battery module 200 loses its own weight. Separation is made with the battery coupling part 100.

Therefore, a sealed space 180 is formed between the battery module 200 and the battery coupling part 100, and vacuum pressure is created in the space 180 to combine, and the vacuum pressure is removed by the air valve 150 to remove the battery. Since the module 200 is separated, quick battery replacement is possible using the air pressure in the space 180, and the air valve 150 is controlled in the electric vehicle, so if a fire occurs in the battery module 200, the electric vehicle In (1), emergency separation of the battery module 200 is possible.

1 shows a state in which a battery module is coupled to a battery coupling part of an electric vehicle, and a driving motor using electric energy stored in a battery module 200 coupled to a battery coupling portion 100 formed at the bottom of an electric vehicle 1 20 is driven and the driving wheel 10 connected to the driving motor 20 is rotated to drive or stop on the driving plane 2 of the vehicle.

2 is a diagram schematically showing the battery module. In this embodiment, the battery module 200 has a rectangular shape for easy explanation of the components, but the shape is not limited to a rectangle, and the corner is composed of a circle or a partial section. It can be made into this protruding shape. The battery module 200 includes an insertion wheel 250 provided at an upper corner, and includes a second contact member 210 and a sealing member 211 composed of a closed curve, and a battery electric wiring 230 for connecting electricity. ) and a battery cooling water pipe 240 connecting the cooling water, and a second coupling member 220 preventing horizontal movement of the battery module 200.

FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration for exchanging a battery module with an external replacement device, showing a situation in which the battery module 200 is supported by an insertion unit 400, which is a part of the external replacement device. When the insertion unit 400 ascends, the battery module 200 may be inserted, and conversely, when the insertion unit 400 descends, the battery module 200 may be separated.

Comparing Figures 1 and 3, it is possible to more clearly understand the formation of the space 180, which is the core content of the present invention. When it is raised to the position of 1, the upper surface of the battery module 200 and the second adhesion member 210 installed on the battery module 200 and the flexible sealing member 211 attached on the second adhesion member 210 are connected to the battery. Air is discharged from the air passage 151 through the air valve 150 while in close contact with the first contact member 110 of the coupling part 100 to form an interspace 180, and thus the interspace 180 is formed. Then, while blocking the air valve 150, the movement of air passing through the air passage 151 is stopped, and the battery module 200 is fixed to the battery coupling part 100.

After fixing the battery module 200 by blocking the air valve 150 in this way, when vacuum pressure is created by sucking air in the interspace 180 with the vacuum pump 160, the vacuum pressure acts on a large area of the interspace 180. The battery module 200 is firmly coupled to the battery coupling part 100 by creating a strong bonding force.

The first adhesion member 110, the second adhesion member 210, and the sealing member 211 constituted by a closed curve constitute a sealing unit to maintain the airtight state of the space 180 between the spaces 180. A vacuum pump 160 that creates vacuum pressure may be connected, and a vacuum tank 170 equipped with a vacuum valve 171 may be included between the space 180 and the vacuum pump 160.

In addition, the vehicle coolant pipe 140 and the battery coolant pipe (including the vehicle electric wiring 130 and the battery electric wiring 230 connecting electricity between the battery coupling part 100 and the battery module 200 and connecting the coolant) 240), and the first coupling member 120 on the battery coupling portion 100 side and the first coupling member 120 on the side of the battery module 200 coupled to the battery coupling portion 100 to prevent horizontal movement of the battery module 200. 2 includes a coupling member 220, and the battery module 200 includes an insertion wheel 250 for automatically removing the jamming phenomenon of the battery module 200 during the insertion process caused by a positional error in the battery coupling portion 100 ), including

The battery coupling and separation system of the electric vehicle configured as described above includes the battery module 200 that is separated and coupled from the electric vehicle 1 that is charged by exchanging the battery module 200, and the battery module from the bottom of the vehicle 1 to the bottom. A battery coupling portion 100 accommodating 200, a sealing unit sealing between the battery module 200 and the battery coupling portion 100, and a battery module 200 and the battery coupling portion 100 and the sealing unit formed by The air valve 150 that opens and closes the air passage 151 installed in the space 180 and the space 180, the air valve 150 is sealed, and then the air in the space 180 is sucked into the space between The battery module 200 can be coupled and separated by changing the air pressure of the interspace 180, including the vacuum pump 160 which makes the air pressure of 180 to a vacuum pressure below atmospheric pressure.

In the battery coupling and separation system of the electric vehicle 1 configured as described above, when the air valve 150 blocks the air passage 151 and traps the air in the space 180 at atmospheric pressure, the battery module 200 connects the battery to the battery coupling portion ( 100), and when the vacuum pump 160 sucks in air to create vacuum pressure, a bonding force is generated so that the battery module 200 is coupled to the battery coupling part 100.

In this process, it is possible to maintain the coupling between the battery module 200 and the battery coupling part 100 by configuring the bonding force created by applying the vacuum pressure to the area of the space 180 to be more than three times the weight of the battery module 200. However, since the shock load occurs up to twice the weight of the battery module 200, safety required for coupling can be secured by applying a safety factor of 1.5 to create a bonding force three times or more the weight of the battery module 200.

In this embodiment, only one embodiment is shown in which the interspace 180 is disposed in the center of the battery module 200, but it can be separated into two or more on both sides and arranged in various ways, and the battery module 200 weighing about 500 kg If the area of the space 180 between 1 m2 or more is secured and the vacuum pressure is maintained at 0.5 kg/cm 2 or more, the binding force will be a preferred configuration that secures 5,000 kg or more, which is 10 times the weight.

In addition, since it takes a very long time to create the required vacuum pressure in the space 180 by the vacuum pump 160 alone, the air pressure in the space 180 can be instantly lowered to compensate for this. It may include a vacuum tank 170 installed between the spaces 160. A vacuum tank 170 having a volume greater than or equal to the volume of the space 180 is installed between the space 180 and the vacuum pump 160. During the driving time of the electric vehicle 1, air is sucked in and the air pressure of the vacuum tank 170 is maintained at 0.01 kg/cm2 or less to secure the vacuum pressure at 0.99 kg/cm2 or more. When the vacuum valve 171 of the vacuum tank 170 is opened at the time when vacuum is required, the air pressure of the space 180 and the vacuum tank 170 is simultaneously lowered to 0.5 kg/cm2 or less within 1 second to secure the bonding force. A vacuum pressure of 0.5 kg/cm 2 in the space 180 can be secured within 1 second.

The sealing unit of the interspace 180 constitutes a part of the upper surface of the battery module 200 and constitutes a part of the second adhesion member 210 formed of a closed curve, and the battery coupling part 100, and the second adhesion member ( 210) and the first adhesion member 110 in close contact with each other below a certain gap, including the sealing member 211 for completely sealing the gap between the first adhesion member 110 and the second adhesion member 210, The air of the space 180 can be configured to be sealed.

Since the gap between the first contact member 110 on the side of the battery coupling part 100 and the second contact member 210 on the side of the battery module 200 may be up to about 2 mm, the maximum gap in this way is sealed by the sealing member 211 For this purpose, if the sealing member 211 made of a closed curve is attached on the second contact member 210 of the battery module 200, the battery module 200 separated at each battery exchange step. By checking the state of the sealing member 211 attached to, it is possible to manage and replace the deterioration state of the sealing member 211, so that the vacuum of the space 180 can be ensured, and the material of the sealing member 211 and It is sufficient to use the shape used in a normal vacuum apparatus.

On the other hand, it is possible to reliably configure the coupled state of the battery module 200 and the battery coupling unit 100 by further including a coupling unit that prevents horizontal movement between the battery module 200 and the battery coupling unit 100. To this end, the coupling unit is attached to the upper surface of the battery module 200 and is attached to the lower portion of the upper surface of the first coupling member 120 made of irregularities and the battery coupling portion 100 having a large vertical flexibility, and the first coupling member It consists of a second coupling member 220 made of concavo-convex portions opposite to those of 120, and when the air pressure in the space 180 is lowered to atmospheric pressure or less, the second coupling member 220 moves toward the first coupling member 120, configured to fit tightly.

The coupling member is a member that prevents the battery module 200 and the battery coupling part 100 from sliding in the horizontal direction to keep them coupled, and the coupling force created by the vacuum pressure of the space 180 between them is only in the vertical direction. Therefore, it serves to maintain strong coupling in the horizontal direction by creating concave-convex parts in case a strong external force in the horizontal direction acts shockingly and cannot resist sliding. In this embodiment, the battery fastening part 100 Although the first coupling member 120 is convex and the second coupling member 220 of the battery module 200 is concave, it may be configured in the opposite way depending on circumstances.

The large vertical coupling force created by the vacuum pressure of the interspace 180 acting on the area of the interspace 180 and the horizontal coupling force created by the mechanical coupling of the concavo-convex parts of the coupling member are effective even in situations where the electric vehicle is subjected to any shock or external force. In a situation where the battery module 200 is operated reliably and the battery module 200 is to be separated, when the air valve 150 is opened, the vacuum pressure in the space 180 is removed and the coupling force disappears quickly. configured to be separated.

In addition, the battery module 200 may further include insertion wheels 250 provided at upper corners, as shown in FIG. 2 . The insertion wheel 250 prevents jamming that occurs in the process of inserting the battery module 200 into the battery coupling part 100 by the insertion unit 400 and helps to quickly insert the battery module, as well as the separated battery module. Even in the process of withdrawing 200, it serves to ensure that friction does not occur between the battery coupling part 100 and the battery module 200 so that it can be quickly withdrawn.

When the battery module 200 ascends by the insertion unit 400 to be inserted into the battery coupling portion 100, between the battery module 200 and the battery coupling portion 100, half of the radius of the insertion wheel 250 For example, when a corresponding position error occurs, the insertion wheel 250 is caught on the battery coupling part 100 at an angle of 60 degrees from the horizontal plane of the insertion wheel 250, and a vertical pushing force is generated. The force in the vertical direction is generated by the force in the center of the insertion wheel 250 and the force in the horizontal direction. When is less than 0.57, the horizontal component force becomes greater than the frictional resistance, so that the battery module 200 slides inside the battery coupling part 100 during the insertion process, and the error is eliminated by automatic horizontal movement, so that the battery module 200 is a battery Insertion into the coupling part 100 is made quickly and accurately. It is more preferable to install a sliding wheel 410, such as a ball caster, which freely rotates in any direction and has a friction coefficient of 0.1 or less, on the upper surface of the insertion unit 400 in order to automatically eliminate the positional error.

Since the insertion wheel 250 can automatically remove a position error corresponding to half of the radius, when using a diameter of 40 mm, there is an effect of removing a position error of 10 mm. The position error of the battery module 200 may be maintained below 10 mm.

By installing the insertion wheel 250 so that the battery module 200 protrudes slightly more than the edge, the battery module 200 is quickly and accurately inserted into the battery coupling part 100 without jamming during the insertion and withdrawal process. can be withdrawn.

A battery electric wiring 230 for connecting electricity and a battery cooling water pipe 240 for connecting coolant are installed at the top of the battery module 200, and the battery coupling part 100 to which the battery module 200 is coupled has them and Corresponding vehicle electrical wiring 130 and vehicle cooling water pipe 140 are installed to connect electricity and cooling water to each other, and the battery coupling part 100 has an edge to accommodate the insertion wheel 250 of the battery module 200. It may be formed to dig deeper into the upper end of the part.

4 is a view schematically showing a state in which a battery module is emergencyly separated from an electric vehicle in a battery coupling and separation system of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. Comparing FIG. 1 and FIG. Battery emergency disconnection status can be easily understood.

As shown in FIG. 1, when a fire occurs in the battery module 200 in the electric vehicle 1 traveling on the driving plane 2 or an emergency of high temperature heating, which is a precursor to a fire, occurs, the electric vehicle that recognizes this (1), when the air valve 150 is opened and air is supplied to the interspace 180 through the air passage 151, the vacuum pressure is quickly removed and the bonding force disappears, and the battery module 200 in the battery coupling part 100 This is separated and pulled out by gravity and falls to the vehicle running plane 2, which is the lower plane of the electric vehicle 1, and becomes separated from the vehicle as shown in FIG. 4.

When a fire occurs in the battery module 200, the electric vehicle 1 opens the air valve 150 to supply air to the interspace 180 to increase the air pressure to atmospheric pressure, the vacuum pressure disappears and the bonding force becomes 0. The battery module 200 is pulled out of the battery coupling part 100 by gravity and falls to the lower plane of the electric vehicle 1 to be separated.

The electric vehicle 1 detecting the fire of the battery module 200 in this way quickly opens the air valve 150 to separate the battery module 200 from the battery coupling part 100 of the electric vehicle 1, and the vehicle moves. By dropping to the plane 2, safety can be ensured even if a battery fire occurs in an electric vehicle by separating so that the fire does not spread to the vehicle even if a fire occurs in the battery module 200 by quickly responding to a battery fire.

In order to respond more safely to the fire of the battery module 200, the electric vehicle 1 is moved to a safe location in an emergency from the position of the burning battery module 200, which is separated and falls on the vehicle driving plane 2, Electricity for moving the electric vehicle from which the battery module 200 is separated may be configured such that low-voltage electricity of the auxiliary battery is stored in a capacitor and supplied to the driving motor 20 as high-voltage electricity.

In the state where the battery module 200 is separated, the high voltage electricity required for emergency movement of the driving motor 20 is supplied by connecting a plurality of capacitors in parallel to store the low voltage electricity of the auxiliary battery, and then the capacitor storing the low voltage electricity in series. It is configured to output high-voltage electricity to the driving motor 20 required for emergency movement by connecting the electric vehicle 1 to a safe place where the electric vehicle 1 quickly escapes from the fire influence area of the separated battery module 200 even when the battery module 200 is separated. Organize it so that it can be evacuated to a place.

A capacitor is a device that can store electricity using a thin metal plate and is used for various purposes, such as making a phase difference between current and voltage. By selectively using a series connection circuit and a parallel connection circuit to quickly store and quickly supply the stored electricity, it is possible to charge the auxiliary battery with low voltage electricity and supply the high voltage electricity required for the driving motor.

If the device is configured with a capacitor in this way, electricity required for emergency movement of about 50 m can be supplied to the driving motor 20, and the driving performance of the electric vehicle responds to the instantaneous change in the amount of electricity supplied during driving and braking of the electric vehicle. can improve

Autonomous driving technology has been actively developed, and in the fifth stage, fully autonomous driving, the vehicle can drive autonomously while the driver is asleep. Since it can be a problem that greatly threatens the safety of the driver, if the electric vehicle can overcome the danger by emergency separation from the battery fire and emergency movement, the safety and reliability of the electric vehicle can be secured in autonomous driving.

If the battery module 200 is emergency separated and the emergency separation electric vehicle 1 is moved in an emergency, it is possible to secure sufficient safety from an unexpected battery fire in an electric vehicle, which is a self-driving vehicle that drives by itself without a driver driving. Therefore, the electric vehicle battery separation system will greatly contribute to securing the safety of fully autonomous driving using electric vehicles.

5 is a flowchart of a method for coupling and separating a battery of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The method shown in FIG. 5 may be performed by the battery coupling/separation system of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 . Therefore, since the description of the battery coupling and separation system of the electric vehicle for performing the method of coupling and separating the battery of the electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the same reference numerals are used, but overlapping detailed descriptions will be omitted. .

Referring to FIG. 5 , a method for coupling and separating a battery of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an electric vehicle entry step (S100), a battery module separation step (S200), a battery module exchange step (S300), and a battery module coupling step. (S400) and an electric vehicle entry step (S500).

Between the battery coupling part 100 formed at the bottom of the electric vehicle 1, the battery module 200 detachably coupled to the battery coupling part 100, and the battery coupling part 100 and the battery module 200 In the method of coupling and separating a battery of an electric vehicle of an electric vehicle battery coupling and separation system in which the battery module 200 is separated and coupled by changing the air pressure in the space 180, the electric vehicle 1 enters the battery exchange center. In the entry step (S100), air is supplied to the interspace 180 to make the air pressure equal to atmospheric pressure, thereby separating the discharged battery module 200 from the battery coupling part 100 and inserting the separated battery module 200 from the outside. A battery module separation step (S200), which is lowered into the exchange space at the bottom using the unit 400, and a battery module exchange step (S300) of exchanging the discharged battery module 200 in the exchange space with a pre-charged battery module 200. ), the charged battery module 200 exchanged in the exchange space is inserted into the battery coupling part 100 using the insertion unit 400, and the air pressure in the interspace 180 is reduced to atmospheric pressure or less by the vacuum pump 170. It can be configured to include a battery module coupling step (S400) of making and coupling the battery module 200 to the battery coupling unit 100, and an electric vehicle advancing step (S500) in which the electric vehicle 1 moves out of the battery exchange center.

In the battery module separation step (S200), the insertion unit 400 capable of vertically moving the battery module 200 rises vertically in the direction of the battery coupling part 100 by itself, and the insertion unit contacts the discharged battery module 200. 1 rising step (S210), a battery that releases the coupling between the battery coupling part 100 and the discharged battery module 200 by opening the air valve 150 to supply air to the space 180 and removing the vacuum pressure In the module uncoupling step (S220), the insertion unit 400 descends together with the discharged battery module 200, and the first descent of the insertion unit puts the discharged battery module 200 on the horizontal moving unit 300 in the exchange space. It can be configured including step (S230).

In the battery module coupling step (S400), the insertion unit 400 capable of vertically moving the battery module 9200 moves the charged battery module 200 located in the horizontal movement unit 300 of the exchange space toward the battery coupling unit 100. Insertion unit 2nd lifting step (S410) to vertically raise the battery charged by the insertion wheel 250 installed on the charged battery module 200 while the charged battery module 200 is inserted into the battery coupling part 100 A positional error elimination step (S420) in which the positional error between the module 200 and the battery coupling part 100 is eliminated, the air valve 150 of the space 180 is closed to stop air movement, and the charged battery module 200 ) The battery module fixing step (S430) of fixing the battery module to the battery coupling unit 100, the vacuum pump 160 makes the air pressure of the interspace 180 less than atmospheric pressure, and the charged battery module 200 to the battery coupling unit ( 100), the battery module fastening step (S440), and the insertion unit 400 can be configured to include a second lowering step (S450) of lowering the insertion unit alone.

Referring to the detailed description of the process of coupling and separating the battery module 200 to the external insertion unit 400 using FIG. 3, the insertion unit 400 from the lower part of the electric vehicle 1 When the lower part of the battery module 200 connected to is supported, the air valve 150 is opened in the electric vehicle to remove the vacuum pressure that generates the bonding force that couples the battery module 200 to separate the battery module 200. The weight disappears and the battery module 200 is loaded on the insertion unit 400, and in this state, when the insertion unit 400 is lowered, the battery module 200 descends and the exchange space where the horizontal movement units 300 are disposed. come down to

In the exchange space, the discharged battery module 200 and the charged battery module 200 move to the horizontal moving unit 300 and are exchanged with each other, and the exchanged charged battery module 200 is moved to the insertion unit 400. The battery module 200 is inserted into the battery coupling part 100 by raising it, and when the insertion is completed, the air valve 150 is blocked to block air movement to fix the battery module 200, and the space between the fixed spaces 180 The air is sucked into the vacuum pump 160 to create vacuum pressure and couple the battery module 200 to the battery coupling part 100.

In the exchange of the battery module 200, the fixing, coupling, and separation of the battery module and the battery coupler are performed by the air valve 150 and the vacuum pump 160 of the electric vehicle 1, and the lift for coupling the battery module 200 And insertion and withdrawal and lowering of the separated battery module 200 are performed by the insertion unit 400, which is an external device, so that the electric vehicle 1 and the insertion unit 400, which is an external device, share roles with each other to obtain a battery within 1 minute. The module 200 can be replaced.

The battery module replacement is performed by the horizontal movement unit 300. In this process, the horizontal movement unit 300 reduces the insertion error between the battery coupling part 100 and the battery module 200 by 10 mm by using the rotational combination of the mecanum wheels. Since the movement of the battery module 200 can be controlled to be within the range, it is preferable to use the diameter of the insertion wheel 250 of the battery module 200 to be 40 mm or more, which is four times the maximum insertion error.

When a fire occurs in the battery module 200, when the battery module 200 is separated by supplying air to the space 180 in the electric vehicle 1, it is withdrawn from the battery coupling part 100 by gravity and the electric vehicle 1 ) Emergency separation step of dropping the electric vehicle (1) from which the battery module 200 was separated to a safe location away from the battery module 200 that fell due to fire using the electricity stored in the auxiliary battery An emergency movement step of moving the electric vehicle 1 may be further included.

The emergency separation step is to open an air valve to remove the vacuum pressure in the space between the battery modules 200 in the electric vehicle 1 recognizing the emergency situation, thereby removing the coupling force so that the battery module 200 is actively in the electric vehicle 1. This step is to separate the module 200 and drop it to the driving plane 2. Prior to the emergency separation step, an alarm generation step capable of notifying the occurrence of a fire and emergency separation of the battery module 200 around the electric vehicle 1 through an emergency light or an alarm may be additionally configured.

In the emergency movement step, electricity is supplied to the driving motor 20 using the auxiliary battery and condenser installed in the electric vehicle 1, and the emergency separation is performed in a safe place away from the burning battery module 200 on the moving plane 2 of the vehicle. This is the stage in which the vehicle moves to When high-voltage electricity is required for emergency movement of the driving motor 20, electricity supply stores the low-voltage electricity of the auxiliary battery in a plurality of capacitors, and then connects the low-voltage capacitors in series to supply the high-voltage electricity required for emergency movement to the driving motor 20. If configured to output as , the electric vehicle 1 can evacuate to a safe place away from a fire point even in a state in which the battery module 200 is separated.

Thereafter, a post-processing step of extinguishing the fire of the battery module 200 where the fire occurred and cooling the high heat of the battery module may be included, and water is sprayed on the burning battery module 200 that falls on the driving plane 2 of the vehicle and fires. Consisting of a battery extinguishing step of suppressing the embankment, an embankment installation step of installing an embankment outside the battery module 200 placed on the vehicle driving plane 2, and a battery cooling step of cooling the battery module 200 by filling the inside of the embankment with water can do.

Since the battery module 200, once ignited, can continue to emit heat for up to 24 hours, so that a fire can continue to occur, the battery module 200 is immersed in water to cool, and the heat is completely released for more than 24 hours to prevent recurrence of fire. If the fire is prevented and the battery residue is recovered as much as possible, the cause of the battery fire can be more accurately identified, which can be used for future battery fire prevention technology development.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described with reference to the drawings as described above, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and the subject matter without departing from the subject matter of the present invention claimed in the claims. Of course, various modifications and implementations are possible by those skilled in the art to which the invention belongs, and these modifications should not be individually understood from the technical spirit or perspective of the present invention.

1: Electric vehicle
2: driving plane
10: driving wheel
20: driving motor
100: battery coupling part
110: first adhesion member
120: first coupling member
130: vehicle electrical wiring
140: vehicle cooling water pipe
150: air valve
151: air passage
160: vacuum pump
170: vacuum tank
171: vacuum valve
180: Interspace
200: battery module
210: second adhesion member
211: sealing member
220: second coupling member
230: battery electrical wiring
240: battery coolant pipe
250: insertion wheel
300: horizontal movement unit
400: insertion unit
410: sliding wheel

Claims (13)

In electric vehicles that charge by exchanging battery modules,
a battery module separated from and coupled to the electric vehicle;
a battery coupling unit accommodating the battery module from the bottom of the vehicle to the lower side of the electric vehicle;
A sealing unit for sealing between the battery module and the battery coupling part;
a space formed between the battery module, the battery coupling part, and the sealing unit;
an air valve opening and closing an air passage installed in the interspace;
a vacuum pump that closes the air valve and sucks air in the interspace to make the air pressure in the interspace a vacuum pressure equal to or less than atmospheric pressure; including
A battery coupling and separation system for an electric vehicle that couples and separates batteries by changing the air pressure in the interspace. According to claim 1,
Battery coupling and separation system of an electric vehicle, characterized in that the coupling force created by the vacuum pressure acting on the area of the space between is configured to be more than three times the weight of the battery module to maintain the coupling of the battery module and the battery coupling part . According to claim 1,
A battery coupling/separation system for an electric vehicle comprising a vacuum tank installed between the interspace and the vacuum pump to instantaneously lower the air pressure in the interspace. According to claim 1,
The battery module is an electric vehicle battery coupling and separation system, characterized in that it further comprises an insertion wheel provided at the upper edge. According to claim 1,
The sealing unit,
A first contact member constituting a part of the upper surface of the battery module and made of a closed curve;
A second contact member constituting a part of the battery coupling part and in close contact with each other at a predetermined gap or less with the first contact member;
A sealing member for completely sealing the gap between the first and second close contact members; including
Battery coupling and separation system of an electric vehicle, characterized in that configured to seal the air in the interspace. According to claim 1,
a coupling unit preventing horizontal movement between the battery module and the battery coupling unit; additionally includes
The coupling unit is
a first coupling member attached to an upper surface of the battery module and made of a concave-convex portion;
A second coupling member attached to the lower portion of the upper surface of the battery coupling portion having high vertical flexibility and comprising a concave-convex portion opposite to the first coupling member; made up of
The battery coupling and separation system of an electric vehicle, characterized in that when the air pressure in the interspace is lowered to atmospheric pressure or less, the second coupling member moves toward and adheres to the first coupling member. According to claim 1,
When an emergency situation of fire occurs in the battery module,
When the air valve is opened in the electric vehicle to supply air to the interspace to increase the air pressure to atmospheric pressure, the battery module is pulled out of the battery coupling part by gravity and falls to the lower plane of the electric vehicle to be separated. A battery coupling and separation system for an electric vehicle. According to claim 7,
Electricity for moving the electric vehicle from which the battery module is separated is stored in a condenser to supply low-voltage electricity from an auxiliary battery to a driving motor as high-voltage electricity. According to any one of claims 1 to 8,
The battery coupling and separation system of an electric vehicle, characterized in that the electric vehicle is an autonomous vehicle that drives by itself without a driver driving. An electric vehicle that separates and combines the battery module by changing the air pressure in the space between the battery coupling part formed in the lower part of the electric vehicle, the battery module detachably coupled to the battery coupling part, and the battery coupling part and the battery module. In the battery coupling separation method of the electric vehicle of the battery coupling separation system,
an electric vehicle entry step in which the electric vehicle enters a battery exchange center;
By supplying air to the interspace, the air pressure is made atmospheric, the discharged battery module is separated from the battery coupling part, and the separated and discharged battery module is lowered into the lower exchange space using an external insertion unit. separation step;
a battery module exchanging step of exchanging the discharged battery module with the pre-charged battery module in the exchanging space;
The charged battery module exchanged in the exchange space is inserted into the battery coupling part by using the insertion unit, and the air pressure in the interspace is lowered to atmospheric pressure by a vacuum pump, so that the charged battery module is inserted into the battery coupling part. Battery module coupling step of coupling;
an electric vehicle advancing step in which the electric vehicle moves out of the battery exchange center; A battery coupling separation method of an electric vehicle comprising a. According to claim 10,
The battery module separation step,
A first lifting step of the insertion unit in which the insertion unit capable of vertically moving the battery module vertically rises toward the battery coupling part by itself and contacts the discharged battery module;
A battery module coupling release step of releasing the coupling between the battery coupling portion and the discharged battery module by opening an air valve to supply air to the interspace to remove vacuum pressure; and
a first lowering step of the insertion unit in which the insertion unit descends together with the discharged battery module and lowers the discharged battery module onto the horizontal moving unit of the exchange space; A battery coupling separation method of an electric vehicle comprising a. According to claim 10,
The battery module coupling step,
a second insertion unit raising step in which the insertion unit capable of vertically moving the battery module vertically raises the charged battery module located in the horizontal movement unit of the exchange space toward the battery coupling part;
A position error elimination step of removing a position error between the charged battery module and the battery coupling portion by an insertion wheel installed on the charged battery module while the charged battery module is inserted into the battery coupling portion;
a battery module fixing step of fixing the charged battery module to the battery coupling part by closing an air valve in the interspace to stop air movement;
A battery module fastening step of fastening the charged battery module to the battery coupling part by making the air pressure in the interspace below atmospheric pressure with the vacuum pump;
a second lowering step of the insertion unit in which the insertion unit descends alone; A battery coupling separation method of an electric vehicle comprising a. According to claim 10,
When a fire occurs in the battery module, an emergency separation step of separating the battery module by supplying air to the space between the electric vehicle, pulling it out from the battery coupling part by gravity, and dropping it to a lower plane of the electric vehicle;
an emergency moving step of moving the electric vehicle from which the battery module is separated to a safe location away from the battery module that has fallen due to fire using electricity stored in an auxiliary battery; Battery coupling separation method of an electric vehicle, characterized in that it further comprises.

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