KR20220137268A - Path forming device for bone screw - Google Patents

Abstract

A path forming device for a bone screw according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a main body part having an internal space and extending in one direction, and having a perforation part on one side; an incision part formed on one side of the perforation part; and a detection part inserted into an inner space and positioned opposite to the incision part, wherein the detection part, when the perforation part is inserted into the bone, may detect a position of the perforation part within the bone. Therefore, the present invention is capable of preventing a phenomenon of a deviation to the outside.

Description

PATH FORMING DEVICE FOR BONE SCREW

The present invention relates to a path forming apparatus for a bone screw, and more particularly, to a path forming apparatus for a bone screw provided to visually sense an insertion path of a bone screw using ultrasound.

Treatment of diseases related to the spine includes an indirect treatment method through physical therapy and a direct treatment method in which a separate fixing device is installed on the damaged spine to correct the spine. Physical therapy is performed for mild cases of spinal disease. However, if the disease is severe in the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and intervertebral discs that make up the spine, a separate spinal fixation device is used for treatment.

In general, as shown in FIG. 9 , the spinal fixation device includes a screw 90 inserted at a predetermined angle and depth into the vertebra S to fix the damaged spine to a normal state and then fix it without movement, a plurality of It is composed of a rod 91 and the like for connecting the screws. After inserting and fixing the screw 90 to the vertebra (S) in an appropriate direction and position for the treatment of the damaged spine, the rod 91 is used to correct the spine to a normal state to complete the treatment.

On the other hand, as an example for fixing the screw to the vertebra (S), the operator inserts the needle pin into the vertebra (S) at a preset angle of entry in order to fix the screw (90) to the vertebra (S), x -Ray is taken, and based on the x-ray picture, find out the difference between the insertion site and the angle of entry of the hour needle pin and the location of the drilling where the screw should be inserted and the angle of entry. That is, the screw 90 is measured with the eye of the operator and manually adjusted, so the accuracy of the drilling position and the angle of entry is low. There is a problem that an abnormality may occur.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-0994184

The present invention is to solve the above problems, by receiving a signal reflected by the bone through the cutout formed in the perforation, confirming whether the perforation is properly formed in the inside of the bone, muscle, blood, An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for forming a path for a bone screw capable of determining whether a blood vessel is detected or the like.

In addition, to provide a path forming device for a bone screw that monitors the process of inserting the perforation part in real time through the sensing unit and increases the accuracy of the insertion position, insertion depth, and insertion angle of the perforation part to prevent damage to the spine or neurological abnormalities. There is a purpose.

The apparatus for forming a path for a bone screw according to an embodiment of the present invention has an internal space and extends in one direction, and is inserted into the main body part with a perforation on one side, a cutout formed on one side of the perforation, and an internal space, and the cutout and a sensing unit positioned opposite to, and the sensing unit may detect the position of the perforation within the bone when the perforation is inserted into the bone.

The sensing unit may receive the reflected wave of the ultrasonic wave transmitted through the cutout to detect the insertion path of the perforation unit. The cutout may be formed on the circumferential surface of the perforation and may have a cut angle of 20° to 180° opened around the center of the centrifugal portion of the perforation.

It is inserted into the inner space and may further include a guide tube having an inclined portion formed at one end. The sensing unit may be inserted into the guide tube and positioned to face the inclined unit. It may further include a fixing portion connected to the guide tube and fixing the guide tube to the body portion. The fixing part may include a fastening part including a fastening hole therein, and a holding part through which the guide pipe passes through the inside and one side is inserted into the fastening hole to hold the guide pipe.

The fixing part may include a movement preventing part inserted into the body part in a direction perpendicular to one direction and fixing the guide tube and the sensing part to the body part. It may further include an output unit electrically connected to the sensing unit and outputting the converted reflected wave into a cross-sectional image of the bone.

The apparatus for forming a path for a bone screw according to the present invention transmits and receives ultrasound in real time through an incision when a bone is perforated, detects a perforated area inserted into the bone, and monitors the perforation process to prevent the perforation from falling outside the pedicle and the spine damage or neurological abnormalities can be prevented in advance.

In addition, the apparatus for forming a path for a bone screw according to the present invention outputs an abnormal signal when the pedicle is separated from the outside of the pedicle or is highly likely to be separated while determining the position of the perforation, surrounding muscles, blood, blood vessels, etc. in real time. The insertion path of the perforation part can be adjusted.

1 is a view schematically showing an application example of a path forming apparatus for a bone screw according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is an exploded view schematically showing a form of a path forming apparatus for a bone screw according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a perspective view schematically showing one form of a path forming apparatus for a bone screw according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a form of a perforation and a cutout of the apparatus for forming a path for a bone screw according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a perspective view schematically showing one form of a fixing part of the apparatus for forming a path for a bone screw according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing one form of a movement preventing unit of the apparatus for forming a path for a bone screw according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 and 8 are Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) image photographs to which a path forming apparatus for a bone screw according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

Advantages and features of the present invention and methods of achieving them will become apparent with reference to the embodiments described below in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but will be embodied in various different forms, and only these embodiments allow the disclosure of the present invention to be complete, and common knowledge in the art to which the present invention pertains It is provided to fully inform those who have the scope of the invention, and the present invention is only defined by the scope of the claims.

Hereinafter, a path forming apparatus 1 for a bone screw according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8 . In describing the present invention, detailed descriptions of related well-known functions or configurations are omitted so as not to obscure the gist of the present invention.

1 is a view schematically showing an application example of an apparatus for forming a path for a bone screw according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a view schematically showing a form of an apparatus for forming a path for a bone screw according to an embodiment of the present invention It is an exploded view showing, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing a form of a path forming apparatus for a bone screw according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a cloth of a path forming apparatus for a bone screw according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a form of a study and an incision, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view schematically showing a form of a fixing part of a path forming apparatus for a bone screw according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is an embodiment of the present invention A cross-sectional view schematically showing a form of a movement preventing unit of a path forming apparatus for a bone screw according to an embodiment, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) to which a path forming apparatus for a bone screw according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. It's a video picture.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the apparatus 1 for forming a path for a bone screw may include a main body 10 and a sensing unit 20 . The body portion 10 may have a cylindrical shape extending along one direction and having a space therein. One side of the body portion 10 may have a perforated portion 11 formed thereon, and an operation portion 13 may be formed on the other side thereof.

The perforation 11 has a cylindrical shape, and a thread may be formed on the outer surface. The perforation 11 may be inserted into the vertebra 60 to puncture the vertebra 60 . The perforation 11 may be made of titanium, a titanium alloy, a stainless steel alloy material, a biocompatible material, or the like.

The manipulation unit 13 may rotate the body unit 10 and the perforation unit 11 . When the manipulation unit 13 is manual, the operator may hold the manipulation unit 13 and rotate the body unit 10 to insert the perforation unit 11 into the vertebra 60 . When the manipulation unit 13 is automatic, the manipulation unit 13 may be connected to a driving device (not shown) to automatically rotate according to the control of the driving device.

The sensing unit 20 may be connected to the extension unit 21 , and the extension unit 21 may pass through the body unit 10 to be electrically connected to the output unit 50 . The sensing unit 20 and the output unit 50 may be connected by wire or wirelessly. When the perforation 11 is inserted into the vertebra 60 , the sensing unit 20 receives the reflected wave for the ultrasonic wave transmitted toward the vertebra 60 , and the perforation 11 in the vertebra 60 . ) can be detected.

The output unit 50 may convert the bones, blood vessels, surrounding muscles 63 , and blood 64 adjacent to the perforated area into images through the reflected wave detected by the sensing unit 20 and output the converted images. The output unit 50 may output an abnormal signal when the perforation unit 11 is separated from the outside of the pedicle 61 or is in a state with a high probability of being separated. The abnormal signal may be a visual or audible notification. The operator determines the position of the perforation unit 11 inserted into the vertebrae 60, the surrounding muscles 63, the blood 64, etc. in real time with the image of the output unit 50, and the insertion path of the perforation unit 11 can be adjusted.

Conventionally, accuracy is low because the operator grasps the drilling position and entry angle with the naked eye and manually adjusts the position and angle of the drilling part, and when the drilling part is inserted in an inaccurate position, the fixing force of the drilling part may be lowered. . There is a possibility that the pedicle 61 may escape the outer wall or damage the nerve 62 .

On the other hand, the path forming apparatus 1 for a bone screw can monitor the process in which the perforation part 11 is inserted through the sensing unit 20 and the output unit 50 in real time, and the perforation unit 11 is a pedicle. (61) When there is a high possibility that deviation to the outside occurs, an abnormal signal is automatically generated to adjust the depth and direction of the perforation portion 11 immediately. Therefore, since the path forming apparatus 1 for a bone screw can increase the accuracy of the insertion position, insertion depth, and insertion angle of the perforation part 11, it is possible to prevent damage to the spine or neurological abnormalities in advance.

Hereinafter, the path forming apparatus 1 for a bone screw will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6 .

2 and 3 , the apparatus 1 for forming a path for a bone screw may include a main body 10 , a sensing unit 20 and a guide tube 30 . The sensing unit 20 may be an ultrasonic transducer. The sensing unit 20 may irradiate ultrasonic waves and detect a reflected wave signal of the reflected ultrasonic waves, and the sensed signal may be transmitted to the output unit 50 wirelessly or by wire through the extension unit 21 .

The detection unit 20 or the guide tube 30 into which the detection unit 20 is inserted may be inserted into the body unit 10 . A perforation 11 may be formed at one side of the main body 10 . The perforation 11 may have a pointed front end to facilitate bone perforation, and may have an outer surface on which a helical thread 14 is formed.

The perforation 11 may include a cutout 12 . The cutout 12 may be formed on a circumferential surface that is an outer side of the perforation 11 . The cutout 12 is an area in which a part of the circumferential surface of the perforation part 11 is opened, and a part of the sensing part 20 inserted into the body part 10 or a part of the guide tube 30 may be exposed. .

The sensing unit 20 may be inserted into the guide tube 30 . The guide tube 30 may be positioned to extend along one direction and surround the extension 21 . The extension 21 may have flexibility. The guide tube 30 may be made of metal, and may guide the extension 21 in the body 10 while supporting the outside of the flexible extension 21 .

When the perforation 11 is inserted into the bone, a rotational force or an external force may be applied to the body portion 10, and the guide tube 30 prevents the detection portion 20 and the extension portion 21 from being twisted by the rotational force. can be supported, and the sensing unit 20 and the extension unit 21 can be protected from external forces.

The guide tube 30 may include an inclined portion 31 . The inclined portion 31 may be inclined from one side of the guide tube 30 toward the other side facing the other side. When the guide tube 30 has a cylindrical shape, the inclined cross-section of the inclined portion 31 may have an elliptical shape.

The guide tube 30 may be inserted into the main body 10 , and the sensing unit 20 may be inserted into the guide tube 30 . In this case, the cutout 12 may be positioned to face the inclined part 31 , and the inclined part 31 may be positioned to face the sensing part 20 . The sensing unit 20 may form the ultrasonic region A in a state of being opened to the outside of the perforation portion 11 through the inclination portion 31 and the cutout portion 12 .

When the perforation 11 is inserted into the bone, the sensing unit 20 irradiates an ultrasonic wave to the ultrasonic region A, receives a reflected wave signal on the same plane reflected by the bone, and detects a signal for the internal structure of the bone. can The sensed signal is output to the output unit 50 through the extension unit 21, and the operator checks the bones, blood vessels, muscles 63, blood 64, etc. It is possible to determine the insertion path of the study (11).

As shown in FIG. 4 , the cutout 12 may be formed on the circumferential surface of the perforation 11 . The cutout 12 may be a cutout area D in which a part of the side surface of the perforation 11 is opened. The yz cross-section of the cutout 12 may have a circular arc shape. The opened incision angle (R) of the cutout portion 14 may be 20° to 180° with the center of the centrifugal portion of the perforation portion 11 .

Since the perforation unit 11 perforates the bone while rotating 360°, the sensing unit 20 inserted into the perforation unit 11 also rotates and transmits and receives ultrasound through the incision 12, and transmits and receives ultrasound waves through the perforation area, including bones, blood vessels, It is possible to detect the muscle 63, blood 64, and the like in the area around the puncture. That is, even if the cutout 12 is formed only in a partial area of the perforated portion 11 , the cross-sectional structure of the perforated area can be sensed over the entire area while the sensing unit 20 rotates 360°.

On the other hand, when the open incision angle R of the incision portion 14 is less than 20° with respect to the center of the distal portion of the perforation portion 11, the incision area D is small and the time to detect the bone in the perforation area may be longer. . In addition, when the open incision angle (R) of the incision (14) exceeds 180 ° with respect to the center of the distal portion of the perforation (11), the area of the thread (14) becomes smaller, so that the bone perforation efficiency of the perforation (11) is reduced. may be lowered, and the durability of the perforation portion 11 may be reduced. Accordingly, it is preferable to adjust the opening angle R of the cutout 14 in the above-described range.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 , the path forming apparatus 1 for bone screws may include a fixing unit 40 for fixing the guide tube 30 and the sensing unit 20 to the body unit 10 . have. The fixing part 40 may include a fastening part 41 and a holding part 43 . The fastening part 41 and the holding part 43 may be inserted into the body part 10 in a state in which the guide tube 30 is held by being coupled to each other. In this case, the fastening part 41 and the holding part 43 may be located in the operation part 13 .

A plurality of ribs 44 may be formed on one side of the holding part 43 . The plurality of ribs 44 may have elasticity so as to be separated from each other or to be in close contact with each other. The rib 44 may have a prismatic shape having a cross section such as a sector shape having one arc edge, a curved trapezoid shape having two arc edges, and the like. When the plurality of ribs 44 are in close contact, the overall cross-section of the plurality of ribs 44 may be circular. Here, the meaning of the prototype means that it can be recognized as a prototype at a glance when viewed as a whole rather than a prototype in a mathematically perfect sense.

When the guide tube 30 is inserted between the plurality of ribs 44 , the ribs 44 may be in contact with the outer surface of the guide tube 30 in a state of being spaced apart from each other. When the fastening part 41 and the holding part 43 are coupled in this state, the ribs 44 may be inserted into the fastening hole 42 . The outer surfaces of the ribs 44 are in close contact with the inner surfaces of the fastening holes 42 to compress the guide tube 30 and the extension portion 21 inserted into the guide tube 30 . Accordingly, the flow in the x-axis direction of the guide tube 30 , the extension 21 inserted into the guide tube 30 , and the sensing unit 20 connected to the extension 21 can be prevented.

The fixing part 40 may include a movement preventing part 45 . The movement preventing part 45 may be inserted into the body part 10 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the body part 10 . The movement preventing part 45 has a bolt shape and may be fastened to the body part 10 along the z-axis direction. The movement preventing unit 45 may be fixed to the main body 10 while pressing one side of the extension 21 and the guide tube 30 . The movement preventing unit 45 controls the flow in the y-axis or z-axis direction of the guide tube 30 , the extension 21 inserted into the guide tube 30 , and the sensing unit 20 connected to the extension 21 . can be prevented

In summary, the bone screw path forming device 1 is a guide tube 30 using the fixing portion 40 , the extension portion 21 inserted into the guide tube 30 , and a sensing unit connected to the extension portion 21 . (20) can be firmly fixed to the body portion (10). The bone screw path forming device 1 can primarily prevent the movement of the guide tube 30 in the longitudinal direction of the guide tube 30 by combining the fastening portion 41 and the holding portion 43, The movement of the guide tube 30 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the guide tube 30 can be prevented secondarily by using the movement preventing unit 45 .

That is, the guide tube 30 , the extension part 21 inserted into the guide tube 30 , and the sensing part 20 connected to the extension part 21 are x-axis, y-axis, z-axis inside the body part 10 . The position of the axis may be fixed. Therefore, even though the bone screw path forming apparatus 1 rotates as a whole and the bone is punctured, the fixed position does not change, so the detection reliability of the sensor 20 and the output stability of image conversion may be increased.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail using experimental examples. These experimental examples are merely for illustrating the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

Experimental Example 1

7 and 8 show Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) images obtained by capturing a scene in which the path forming device for bone screws manufactured according to FIG. 1 of the present invention is inserted into animal bones and punctures animal bones in real time.

Fig. 7 (a) is an IVUS image in the air before the device for forming a path for a bone screw is inserted into an animal bone, and Figs. 7 (b), (a) and (b) are a path for a bone screw. This is an IVUS image of an animal bone puncture scene after the forming device is inserted into the animal bone.

As shown in (b) of FIG. 7 , when the path forming apparatus for a bone screw is inserted into the bone, the reflected wave of the transmitted ultrasound may be received and the cross-section of the bone and blood may be checked in the image. In addition, as shown in (a) of FIG. 8, the muscles around the puncture area into which the path forming device for bone screws is inserted can also be identified.

As shown in (b) of Figure 8, the bone screw path forming device is inserted while checking the location of the cross section of the bone. Accordingly, it can be seen that the apparatus for forming a path for a bone screw can be accurately inserted into a preset position of a bone, and drilling can be performed while checking a cross-section of a bone and surrounding muscles in real time.

Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and improvements by those skilled in the art using the basic concept of the present invention as defined in the following claims are also provided. is within the scope of the

10: body part
11: perforation
12: incision
13: control panel
14: thread
20: sensing unit
21: extension
30: Guide Hall
31: inclined part
40: fixed part
41: fastening part
42: fastener
43: holding unit
44: rib
45: movement prevention unit
50: output unit
60: vertebrae
61: pedicle
62: nerve
63: muscle
64: blood

Claims (9)

A body portion having an inner space and extending in one direction, a perforation portion is provided on one side;
An incision formed on one side of the perforation, and
A sensing unit inserted into the inner space and positioned to face the cutout,
including,
When the sensing unit is inserted into the bone, the bone screw path forming device, characterized in that for detecting the position of the perforation within the bone. According to claim 1,
The sensing unit, the bone screw path forming apparatus, characterized in that for detecting the insertion path of the perforation by receiving the reflected wave of the ultrasonic wave transmitted through the cutout. 3. The method of claim 2,
The incision is formed on the circumferential surface of the perforation, and the incision angle opened around the distal end of the perforation is 20° to 180°. 4. The method of claim 3,
Path forming apparatus for a bone screw further comprising a guide tube inserted into the inner space and formed with an inclined portion at one end. 5. The method of claim 4,
The sensing unit is inserted into the guide tube and the path forming device for a bone screw, characterized in that located opposite to the inclined portion. 6. The method of claim 5,
Path forming apparatus for a bone screw connected to the guide tube and further comprising a fixing part for fixing the guide tube to the main body. 7. The method of claim 6,
The fixing part, a fastening part including a fastening hole therein, and a holding part through which the guide tube passes through the inside and one side is inserted into the fastening hole to hold the guide tube. 8. The method of claim 7,
The fixing part is inserted into the main body in a direction perpendicular to the one direction and includes a movement preventing part for fixing the guide tube and the sensing part to the main body part. 9. The method of claim 8,
The apparatus for forming a path for a bone screw further comprising an output unit electrically connected to the sensing unit and outputting the converted wave into a cross-sectional image of the bone.

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