KR20220132157A - Hybrid ventilation system with waste heat recovery and heat storage functions for vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a hybrid ventilation system (10). The hybrid ventilation system (10) can provide a cooling and heating effect of an A/L heat storage exchanger by being mounted to a roof of a vehicle such as a bus or a van and operated with interconnection with an air conditioner to always maintain indoor air and temperature in a fresh state by preventing passengers from being exposed to hot or cold air directly during a ventilation operation, and save energy consumed to adjust air and temperature inside the vehicle by recovering air-conditioned thermal energy to be transmitted to new air flowing into the vehicle through waste heat recovery and heat storage functions. The A/L heat storage-type heat exchanger (20) of the hybrid ventilation system (10) has an enclosure-shaped first body (30). A plurality of filters (36) are disposed in a diamond shape at a central position of an inner space of the first body (30). A heat exchange element (40) is disposed in a space defined by the plurality of filters (36). UV sterilization lamps (42a, 42b) are disposed at positions adjacent to the filters (36). An indoor air vent chamber (80) is integrally mounted on a lower surface of the A/L heat storage-type heat exchanger (20).

Description

Hybrid ventilation system with waste heat recovery and heat storage functions for vehicles

The present invention relates to a ventilation device for a vehicle, and more particularly, it is installed on the roof of a vehicle such as a bus or a van and is operated while interlocking with the air conditioner to provide the cooling and heating effect of the A/L heat storage exchanger, and to provide the cooling and heating effect of the vehicle during ventilation operation By preventing occupants from being exposed to hot or cold air, the indoor air and temperature can always be maintained in a comfortable state. An object of the present invention is to provide a composite ventilation device capable of reducing energy consumed for air temperature control.

Recently, as fine dust/ultra-fine dust is attracting attention as a social problem, interest in indoor air quality management of transportation is increasing. In particular, a car may cause discomfort and adversely affect the health of the occupants due to a sudden deterioration in air quality even when there are few occupants due to a confined space. Accordingly, when adequate ventilation is not performed, a rapid decrease in air quality occurs within a short period of time, resulting in a decrease in the oxygen concentration in the room and an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide and pollutants. As a result, problems such as respiratory discomfort, drowsiness, reduced concentration, increased fatigue, etc. may occur in passengers, and serious health damage may occur in the elderly and the infirm. Therefore, periodic ventilation is required to improve indoor air quality as well as cooling/heating operation.

However, when the window is opened for ventilation while driving, harmful pollutants of the road environment contained in the outside air such as soot, fine dust, and CO enter the vehicle as it is, seriously threatening the health of vehicle occupants. Although a number of technologies for reducing fine dust in automobiles are being developed, most of them are focused on reducing fine dust generated during vehicle operation or reducing external fine dust. Regarding the indoor air quality of vehicles, there is no standard for ventilation of vehicles such as buses or vans, and it is urgent to establish measures to improve and manage the indoor air quality of vehicles.

In the current situation where ventilation has become a necessity rather than an option in all facilities (closed and dense spaces) used by the public, it is a situation that ventilation measures for vans that are often operated by public transportation such as buses or children's school vehicles must be limited as soon as possible. In-vehicle ventilation method is required to break away from the existing method and establish an innovative ventilation plan for clean indoor air quality management. demands a new paradigm of ventilation system.

Meanwhile, due to the interest and efforts of countries around the world to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and create a carbon-free society, internal combustion engine vehicles such as gasoline and diesel vehicles, which have been active as key means of transportation for a long time, are in the process of being phased out. and eco-friendly vehicles such as hydrogen electric vehicles are in the spotlight.

However, in the case of an electric vehicle, there is a problem in that the mileage decreases because electricity from the battery is used for cooling and heating the indoor air. In particular, the effect of heating during winter is significant, resulting in a 30-50% reduction in mileage compared to mileage at room temperature. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce energy loss caused by ventilation during heating and cooling operation.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1678380 (registration date: November 1, 2016) is equipped with a counter-current sensible heat exchanger for electric vehicles that reduces the power consumption of vehicles using electric energy and extends the mileage of the vehicle. A waste heat recovery ventilation system is disclosed. In the above patent registration, through the design change of the intake-side structure and the exhaust-side structure, the damper selectively opens or closes when the vehicle is driving or when there is air flow from the front direction of the vehicle, thereby reducing the electric consumption of the vehicle to a minimum. Techniques for maintaining an appropriate indoor temperature have been introduced.

However, although there is an effect of reducing electricity consumption to some extent even with the patented technology, there is an urgent need to develop a ventilation system using waste heat of a new paradigm that can solve both the clean indoor air quality management problem and the energy saving problem of the vehicle as mentioned above. need.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1678380 (Registration Date: November 1, 2016) Republic of Korea Utility Model Registration No. 20-0189294 (Registration Date: May 4, 2000)

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to improve the indoor air quality of a vehicle by installing it on the roof of a vehicle used by multiple people, such as a bus or a van, and implementing complex functions such as ventilation of the vehicle, air purification, and reduction of fine dust. An object of the present invention is to provide a complex type clean ventilation system with waste heat recovery and heat storage functions that can be managed in an optimal state.

In addition, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to recover the indoor air conditioning thermal energy that is inevitably discharged when ventilating the indoor air of a vehicle such as a bus or a van and transfer it to the new air introduced into the vehicle, thereby improving the air temperature in the vehicle interior. An object of the present invention is to provide a complex type clean ventilation system with waste heat recovery and heat storage functions that can reduce energy consumption and minimize energy consumption due to ventilation system operation/cooling/heating operation.

In order to solve the technical problems as described above, the present invention,

A combined ventilation system with waste heat recovery and heat storage functions for vehicle air quality management,

A/L regenerative heat exchanger - The heat exchanger has a housing-shaped first body, and a plurality of filters are arranged in a rhombus shape in a central position of the inner space of the first body, and a space defined by the plurality of filters A total heat exchange element is disposed on the first body, and a UV sterilization lamp is disposed adjacent to the filters in the central position of the inner space of the first body, and the UV sterilization lamp is disposed on the left and right sides of the filters on the first bottom of the first body symmetrically placed -; and

It provides an indoor air vent chamber integrally coupled to the lower surface of the A/L regenerative heat exchanger.

In the composite ventilation device, the internal space of the first body is a first compartment (first compartment), a second compartment (second compartment) with the UV germicidal lamp and the first sidewall of the first body as a boundary. compartment) and a third compartment, an intake fan and an internal cleaning operation control damper are disposed in the first compartment, and the total heat exchange element and the filters are disposed in the second compartment and an exhaust fan and a heat storage system control damper are disposed in the third compartment.

In the composite ventilation device, an outdoor air intake port (OA) is installed on one side of the first sidewall adjacent to the first compartment, and the intake fan is disposed to communicate with the outdoor air intake port (OA); A bet discharge port (EA) is installed on the other side of the first sidewall adjacent to the first compartment, and a bet suction port (RA) is installed on one side of the first floor adjacent to the third compartment, the The bet suction port (RA) is formed to extend by a predetermined length in a vertical downward direction from the first floor, and the exhaust fan is disposed to communicate with the bet suction port (RA), and the third compartment adjacent to the third compartment An outdoor air supply port (SA) is installed on the other side of the first floor, and the outdoor air supply port (SA) is formed to extend by a predetermined length in a vertical downward direction from the first floor.

In the combined ventilation device, the indoor air vent chamber is mounted on the lower surface of the A/L regenerative heat exchanger so as to surround the indoor air intake port (RA) and the outdoor air supply port (SA). .

The indoor air vent chamber has a second body in the shape of an enclosure with an open top, and at least one outdoor air supply port is formed on the second sidewall of the second body, and a plurality of bets are provided on the second bottom of the second body. It is characterized in that the suction ports are formed.

As mentioned above, according to the present invention, according to the present invention, the internal space of the heat exchanger is divided into three compartments, and an intake fan and an exhaust fan are respectively disposed on the outdoor air inlet side and the ventilation inlet side, and the outdoor air sucked into the room and the outdoor air By arranging a heat exchange element in the central compartment so that indoor air discharged from By transferring it to the air, it is possible to reduce the energy consumed in controlling the air temperature inside the vehicle.

In addition, the problem that the occupants of the vehicle are exposed to the hot or cold air as it is because the outside air flows into the interior of the vehicle as it is during ventilation in the bus or van is fundamentally solved. In addition, it is also possible to solve the problem that the indoor temperature is rapidly increased or decreased according to the temperature of the outside air.

In addition, in the composite ventilation device according to the present invention, when air conditioning is operated, the ventilation operation and the outside introduction are blocked, and air cooled or warmed through indoor cooling or heating is provided to the A/L regenerative heat exchanger when outside air is introduced ( = Ventilation operation) It is possible to bring in at a temperature as close to the room temperature as possible. The composite ventilation device according to the present invention can be used in ventilation systems such as electric vehicles, specially equipped vehicles, and large public transportation systems in the future, and can greatly reduce energy loss caused by ventilation during cooling and heating operations.

1 and 2 are views showing the inside of an A/L regenerative heat exchanger among the combined ventilation system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
3 is a view of the inside of the A/L regenerative heat exchanger shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from the front;
4 is a view showing a bottom surface of the A/L regenerative heat exchanger shown in FIG. 1;
5 is a view showing a state in which the indoor air vent chamber is mounted on the bottom surface of the A/L regenerative heat exchanger shown in FIG. 4;
Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the indoor air vent chamber shown in Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is a side view of the indoor air vent chamber shown in Fig. 5;
Fig. 8 is a plan view of the indoor air vent chamber shown in Fig. 5;
9 and 10 are views showing the configuration and operating state of the composite ventilation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; and
11 is a view showing a state in which the composite ventilation device according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention is applied to the roof of the vehicle.

The composite ventilation device for a vehicle according to the present invention discharges indoor pollutants such as fine dust and VOC to the outside through the application of a mechanical forced (=active) ventilation system, and introduces fresh and new air into the room, such as a bus or a van It is possible to maintain the indoor air condition of the used vehicle in a comfortable state.

In addition, since the waste heat recovery function and heat storage function are possible through the A/L regenerative heat exchanger, it recovers the indoor air conditioning heat energy that is inevitably discharged when ventilating the indoor air of a vehicle such as a bus or a van, and transfers it to the new air introduced into the vehicle. It is possible to reduce the energy consumed to control the air temperature inside the vehicle, thereby minimizing the energy consumption by operating the ventilation system / operating the air conditioner.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail with respect to the composite ventilation device 10 for air quality management for a vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The hybrid ventilator 10 is configured to be suitable to be installed on the roof of a vehicle used by multiple people, such as a bus or a van. The composite ventilation device 10 includes an A/L regenerative heat exchanger 20 and an indoor air vent chamber 80 integrally coupled to the lower surface of the A/L regenerative heat exchanger 20 (FIG. 5). Reference).

1 to 4 show the configuration of the A/L regenerative heat exchanger 20 among the combined ventilation system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

1 to 4 , the A/L regenerative heat exchanger 20 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a first body 30 having a housing shape. The first body 30 is composed of a first bottom 32 , a first sidewall 34 and a top cover (not shown). An upper cover is operably mounted on an upper portion of the first sidewall 34 . For convenience of description, the upper cover is omitted in the drawings. A plurality of filters 36 such as a hepa filter are disposed in a central position of the inner space of the first body 30 defined by the first bottom 32 and the first sidewall 34 .

The plurality of filters 36 are capable of removing even ultra-fine dust, so that H12 grade or higher is applied to maximize the effect of removing harmful pollutants, and a carbon nano-coated non-woven fabric pre-filter specially developed to remove odors and strengthen sterilization functions installed and used. The plurality of filters 36 are effective in preventing the spread of carbon dioxide and viruses in indoor air as well as removing harmful pollutants from the road environment contained in outdoor air, such as soot, fine dust, and CO. Preferably, the plurality of filters 36 are arranged in a rhombus shape at an inner central position of the first body 30 . At this time, a separate space is defined by the plurality of filters 36 at the inner central position of the first body 30 , and the heat exchange element 40 is disposed in this space. The heat exchange element 40 allows indoor and outdoor air having a temperature difference to pass through different flow paths, but causes heat exchange by heat exchanging sensible heat by high-efficiency heat exchange membranes forming layers of different flow paths.

UV sterilization lamps 42a and 42b are disposed adjacent to the plurality of filters 36 in the central position of the inner space of the first body 30 . The UV sterilization lamps 42a and 42b sterilize the outside air as well as the air discharged to the outside. UV germicidal lamps 42a and 42b are symmetrically disposed on the left and right sides of the plurality of filters 36 on the first bottom 32 of the first body 30 , with respect to the longitudinal direction of the first body 30 . It is arranged to extend across the first bottom 32 of the first body 30 in a vertical direction.

The internal space of the first body 30 includes the UV sterilization lamps 42a and 42b installed across the first floor 32 of the first body 30 for convenience of explanation and the first of the first body 30 . It can be divided into three spaces by the side wall 34 as a boundary, and these three spaces are for convenience a first compartment 51 , a second compartment 52 and a second compartment. It can be divided into three compartments (first compartment) 53 (see FIG. 7 ).

6 and 7 show the configuration and operating state of the composite ventilation device 10 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

6 and 7, the first compartment 51 and the second compartment 52 along the left to right direction of the drawing for convenience of explanation of the inner space of the first body 30 divided into three ) and a third compartment 53 . The heat exchange element 40 and the filters 36 described above are located in the second compartment 52 .

The A/L regenerative heat exchanger 20 is installed on the roof of a vehicle such as a bus or a van, and the inner space of the first body 30 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the first body 30 . Based on the UV germicidal lamps 42a and 42b arranged to extend across the , the first compartment 51 is exposed to the outside and the third compartment 53 is installed to be exposed to the inside.

An intake fan 61 and an internal cleaning operation control damper 62 are disposed in the first compartment 51 , and one side of the first side wall 34 adjacent to the first compartment 51 controls outdoor air 1 An outdoor air intake port (OA) 71 for sucking into the main body 30 is installed. The intake fan 61 is disposed to communicate with the outside air intake port (OA) 71 . In addition, on the other side of the first sidewall 34 adjacent to the first compartment 51, an inside exhaust port (EA) 72 for discharging the indoor air sucked into the first body 30 to the outside is installed.

An exhaust fan 63 and a heat storage system control damper 64 are disposed in the third compartment 53 , and one side of the first floor 32 adjacent to the third compartment 53 absorbs indoor air. A bet suction port (RA) 73 for sucking into the first body 30 is installed. The bet suction port (RA) 73 is formed to extend by a predetermined length in the vertical downward direction from the first floor 32 . The exhaust fan 63 is disposed to communicate with the internal suction port (RA) 73 .

In addition, an outdoor air supply port (SA) 74 for supplying the sucked outdoor air into the room is installed on the other side of the first floor 32 adjacent to the third compartment 53 . The outdoor air supply port (SA) 74 is formed to extend by a predetermined length in the vertical downward direction from the first floor 32 . The inside suction port (RA) 73 and the outside air supply port (SA) 74 are well illustrated in FIG. 4 showing the bottom of the A/L regenerative heat exchanger 20 .

Outside of the bet suction port (RA) 73 and the outside air supply port (SA) 74, an indoor air vent chamber 80 is provided with the inside suction port (RA) 73 and the outside air supply port (SA). (74) is mounted to enclose it.

5 is a view showing a state in which the indoor air vent chamber 80 is mounted on the bottom surface of the A/L regenerative heat exchanger 20 . 6 to 8 show the structure of the indoor air vent chamber 80 in detail.

5 to 8 , the indoor air vent chamber 80 has a second body 82 in the shape of a housing with an open top. One or more outdoor air supply ports 84 are formed. The second bottom 83 of the second body 82 is formed with a plurality of bet suction ports 86.

As shown in FIG. 8 , the hybrid ventilation device 10 configured as described above is installed and operated on the roof of a vehicle V such as a bus or a van. The indoor air of the bus or van is discharged to the outdoors through the air intake port (RA) 73 and the air exhaust port (EA) 72 of the A/L heat storage type heat exchanger 20 body of the composite ventilation device 10 After exhaust, fresh outdoor air can be supplied to the interior of the bus or van through the outdoor air intake port (OA) 71 and the outdoor air supply port (SA) 74 .

Hereinafter, the operation process of the combined ventilation device 10 configured as described above will be briefly described.

When the combined ventilation device 10 is operated, the intake fan 61 disposed in the first compartment 51 in the first body 30 of the A/L regenerative heat exchanger 20 is driven. While new outdoor air is introduced through the outside air intake port (OA) 71, the outside air introduced in this way flows diagonally through the inside of the first body 30 to form an outside air supply port (SA) 74 and It is guided into the interior of the vehicle V, such as a bus or a van, through the outdoor air supply port 84 of the indoor air vent chamber 80 .

On the other hand, while the exhaust fan 63 disposed in the third compartment 51 in the first body 30 of the A/L regenerative heat exchanger 20 is driven, the vehicle's indoor air moves into the indoor air vent chamber. (80) is introduced through the bet suction port (RA) 73 through the bet suction port 86, and the indoor air introduced in this way flows in the diagonal direction inside the first body 30 to the bet discharge port ( It is discharged to the outside through the EA) (72). As a result, indoor pollutants such as fine dust or VOC remaining inside the vehicle may be discharged to the outside, and thus the inside of the vehicle is in a comfortable state.

A suction flow path (SFP) (see FIG. 7) for guiding outdoor air into the interior of the first body 30 of the composite ventilation device 10 and an exhaust flow path (EFP) for guiding the indoor air of the vehicle to the outdoors ( 8) are provided to cross each other diagonally. In detail, the outside air suction port (OA) 71 and the outside air supply port (SA) 74 are fluidly connected to the suction flow path (SFP), and the bet suction port (RA) (73) is connected to the discharge flow path (EFP). And the exhaust port 72 is fluidly connected. According to the operation of the intake fan 61 and the exhaust fan 63 respectively disposed on the suction flow path SFP and the exhaust flow path EFP, the outdoor air and the indoor air move along the intake flow path SFP and the exhaust flow path EFP, respectively. By smoothly flowing, ventilation of the room can be made quickly.

As described above, the suction flow path (SFP) and the discharge flow path (EFP) cross each other midway so that the outdoor air sucked into the room and the indoor air discharged to the outside can exchange heat with each other, and at the intersection point, the suction flow path ( A heat exchange element 40 is disposed so that the air flowing along the SFP and the air flowing along the exhaust passage EFP can exchange heat without being mixed with each other.

When the outside air and the indoor air cross each other while passing through the heat exchange element 40, the heat energy for the indoor air conditioning is recovered and transferred to the new air flowing into the room, thereby reducing the energy consumed for controlling the air temperature inside the vehicle (V). you can save

In a conventional bus or van, when a window is opened for the purpose of ventilation, etc., outside air flows into the interior of the vehicle as it is, and the occupants of the vehicle are exposed to hot or cold air as they are, and feel uncomfortable. However, according to the present invention, the external air and the indoor air exchange heat with each other while passing through the heat exchange element 40 , and this problem is completely solved.

On the other hand, the outdoor air to be introduced into the vehicle is generally low in temperature and low in carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), except for winter, while the indoor air is heated by the body temperature of people on the bus or van. may be relatively high, and the content of carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) may be high by human breathing. The plurality of filters 36 disposed inside the first body 30 of the composite ventilation device 10 not only removes harmful pollutants from the road environment contained in the outdoor air, such as soot, fine dust, and CO, It is also effective in preventing the spread of carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) and viruses in the indoor air.

In addition, in the composite ventilation device 10 according to the present invention, the A/L heat storage type heat exchanger 20 is cooled or warmed through indoor cooling or heating by operating in a state of blocking the ventilation operation and outside introduction during heating and cooling operation. When outdoor air is introduced by providing air (= ventilation operation), it can be brought in at a temperature as close to the indoor temperature as possible.

The composite ventilation device 10 according to the present invention can be used in ventilation systems such as electric vehicles, special vehicles, and large public transportation systems in the future, and can greatly reduce energy loss caused by ventilation during cooling and heating operations. have.

Although the above has been described with reference to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art can variously modify and change the present invention within the scope without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the following claims. You will understand that you can.

10: combined ventilation system 20: A/L regenerative heat exchanger
30,82: body 32,83: bottom
34,81: side wall 36: filter
40: heat exchange element 42a, 42b: UV sterilization lamp
51, 52, 53: compartment 61: intake fan
62: internal cleaning operation control damper 63: exhaust pin
64: heat storage system control damper 71: outside air intake port (OA)
72: bet discharge port (EA) 73: bet suction port (RA)
74: outdoor air supply port (SA) 80: indoor air vent chamber
84: outdoor air supply port 86: bet inlet
V: vehicle

Claims (5)

A composite ventilation device (10) having a waste heat recovery and heat storage function for vehicle air quality management,
A/L regenerative heat exchanger (20) - The heat exchanger (20) has a first body (30) in the shape of a housing, and a plurality of filters (36) are located at the center of the inner space of the first body (30). The heat exchange element 40 is disposed in a space defined by the plurality of filters 36 and disposed in this rhombic shape, and the filters 36 are located at the center of the inner space of the first body 30 . UV sterilization lamps 42a and 42b are disposed at adjacent positions, and the UV sterilization lamps 42a and 42b are symmetrical on the left and right sides of the filters 36 on the first bottom 32 of the first body 30 . Deployed against -; and
an indoor air vent chamber (80) integrally coupled to the lower surface of the A/L regenerative heat exchanger (20);
A combined ventilation system comprising a. According to claim 1, wherein the inner space of the first body (30) is a first compartment with the UV germicidal lamp (42a, 42b) and the first sidewall (34) of the first body (30) as a boundary. It is divided into a first compartment (51), a second compartment (52) and a third compartment (53), and the first compartment (51) has an intake fan (61) ) and an internal cleaning operation control damper 62 are disposed, and the heat exchange element 40 and the filters 36 are disposed in the second compartment 52 , and are disposed in the third compartment 53 . is a combined ventilation system, characterized in that the exhaust fan (63) and the thermal storage system control damper (64) are disposed. According to claim 2, wherein an outdoor air intake port (OA) (71) is installed on one side of the first side wall (34) adjacent to the first compartment (51), the outdoor air intake port (OA) (71) is disposed to communicate with the intake fan 61, and an internal exhaust port (EA) 72 is installed on the other side of the first side wall 34 adjacent to the first compartment 51, and the third computer A bet suction port (RA) 73 is installed on one side of the first floor 32 adjacent to the partition 53 , and the bet suction port RA 73 is vertical from the first floor 32 . It is formed to extend downward by a predetermined length, and the exhaust fan 63 is disposed to communicate with the inside suction port (RA) 73 , and the first floor 32 adjacent to the third compartment 53 . ), an outdoor air supply port (SA) 74 is installed on the other side, and the outdoor air supply port (SA) 74 is formed to extend by a predetermined length in a vertical downward direction from the first floor 32. Combined ventilation system. The A/L regenerative heat exchanger (20) according to claim 3, wherein the indoor air vent chamber (80) surrounds the inside intake port (RA) (73) and the outside air supply port (SA) (74). Composite ventilation device, characterized in that it is mounted on the lower surface of the. According to claim 5, wherein the indoor air vent chamber (80) has a second body (82) in the shape of a housing with an open top, and at least one outside air is provided on the second sidewalls (81) in all directions of the second body (82). A supply port 84 is formed, and the second bottom 83 of the second body 82 is a combined ventilation device, characterized in that a plurality of bet suction ports 86 are formed.

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