KR20220106586A - null - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a gravel-grass barrier and a gravel-grass preparation method. The gravel-grass barrier according to the present invention is placed long in one direction in a soil loss prevention area, and includes a barrier body that has gravels and a soil coagulant-impregnated carrier mixed and is convexly accumulated on the ground, a net covered on the barrier body, and artificial soil placed on the barrier body to provide vegetation conditions.

Description

Gravel-Ciozoic barrier for soil erosion prevention and gravel-Czorozoic composition method {null}

The present invention relates to a technique for preventing soil runoff or surface erosion, and more particularly, to a method of forming the Cenozoic era by using a plant community to prevent soil runoff and surface erosion.

Soil is eroded and lost by natural phenomena such as wind or precipitation, or by man-made activities such as tillage and civil works. Loss of topsoil due to soil erosion has a problem in that various functions of soil such as plant production, pollution purification, greenhouse gas storage, and flood control are lost.

Since 76% of the country is composed of mountainous areas with a slope of 2% or higher, Korea is very vulnerable to soil erosion due to concentrated rainfall in summer. The annual soil loss per unit area in Korea is estimated to be 41.0 MT/ha/yr for fields, 11.1 MT/ha/yr for orchards, and 3.5 MT/ha/yr for forests. In particular, the soil loss in the highland fields distributed in Gangwon-do is very high at 50-80 MT/ha/yr. The soil erosion risk of Korea (>11 MT/ha/yr) is 22.3%, which is very high compared to 9.8% in the US and 7% in Canada. Considering that it takes more than 200 years to produce 1 cm of soil, soil loss due to rainwater is very serious.

In particular, as shown in the photo of cabbage fields in high altitudes in FIG. 1 , the soil loss in high altitude fields distributed in Gangwon-do is very high at 50-80 MT/ha/yr. The highland fields have been reclaimed since the 1970s, and the soil organic matter content at the time of clearing was 7-9% and the soil depth was 100-150 cm in good condition. In the meantime, the soil has been eroded during the cultivation process, and now the organic matter content is 2-3%, the soil depth is 10-60cm, and the gravel content is 10-50%. The soil is very poor. To overcome the poor harvest caused by the loss of topsoil, farmers carry out excavation every year, and the loss of excavated soil is repeated. The lost soil contains a lot of fertilizers and pesticides that were added during the cultivation process. Soil containing a lot of fertilizers and pesticides moves to the downstream water system, causing water pollution such as eutrophication. There is an urgent need to develop and apply a technology to prevent soil loss from high-altitude fields.

In order to prevent soil erosion and loss, various methods are being used, such as mulching, vegetation cover, contour cultivation, stairs installation, windbreak forest formation, rainwater infiltration zone formation, sedimentation pond and reservoir installation, and vegetation and gravel drainage channel installation. In particular, the soil erosion and loss reduction method using the Early Proterozoic has proven its effectiveness through previous studies and is widely used in the field. The Cenozoic is a plant community planted perpendicular to the slope. It reduces the speed of runoff along the slope to reduce topsoil erosion and reduces the movement of soil moving downstream along the runoff. Depending on the slope of the site, the width and spacing of the Czozoic era are determined and utilized. The size and location of the Czorozoic are determined by rainfall, topography, and Saturn.

For the successful field application of the Early Cenozoic, the survival and maintenance of vegetation is most important. This is because, in the area to which the Early Proterozoic is to be applied, vegetation survival and growth are very unfavorable due to the erosion and loss of topsoil. Topsoil has higher organic matter content, clay content, nutrient content, and moisturizing power than subsoil, which is advantageous for vegetation growth. On the other hand, subsoil is subject to less weathering than topsoil, so it has many coarse particles such as quartz and feldspar, low nutrients and organic matter content, and low adhesion between particles, so it is easily lost by rain and difficult to adhere to food.

Therefore, when the subsoil is exposed to the surface due to soil erosion and attempts to form the Early Proterozoic are made, the failure occurs frequently due to poor vegetation establishment and growth. It is necessary to develop and apply a method for forming the Early Cretaceous period that can be successfully and easily applied to the field in the soil where the subsoil is exposed and the diet and growth are unfavorable.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a gravel-Ciozoic barrier which can effectively prevent soil loss and which is advantageous for vegetation survival, and a gravel-Czorozoic composition method using the same.

On the other hand, other objects not specified in the present invention will be further considered within the range that can be easily inferred from the following detailed description and effects thereof.

The gravel-Cozoic barrier according to the present invention for achieving the above object is to be arranged long in one direction in the soil loss prevention area, and the barrier body in which gravel and a carrier containing a soil coagulant are mixed and convexly stacked on the ground ; a mesh covering over the barrier body; and artificial soil installed on the barrier body to provide vegetation conditions.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the carrier may be used as an organic material that functions as a compost as it decays, for example, wood chips or crushed cornstalk may be used. In addition, the soil coagulant may use PAM (Polyacrylamide). More specifically, in an example of the present invention, wood chips or crushed cornstalks are immersed in a liquid PAM soil coagulant and processed and used.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the carrier may be mixed in an amount of 20 to 30% by volume in the total mixture of the gravel and the carrier.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the artificial soil is blended in a weight ratio of 70 to 80% of soil and 20 to 30% of mature compost, and the compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is applied to the entire mixture of the soil and mature compost. 2~4kg/ton, seeds can be mixed at a rate of 0.6~1kg/ton.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the mesh is made of coconut fiber.

The gravel-Cozoic composition method according to the present invention for achieving the above object installs a plurality of gravel-Czozoic barriers along the inclination direction of the soil loss prevention area, but the gravel-Czozoic barrier is any one of the barriers described above can be used

And the barrier body is preferably arranged along a contour line.

More specifically, the barrier body is disposed in plurality along the inclination direction of the soil loss prevention area, and when the inclination of the soil loss prevention area is less than 8%, at intervals of 20 to 30 m, when the inclination is in the range of 8 to 17% It can be arranged at intervals of 15 to 25 m, and at intervals of 10 to 20 m when the inclination exceeds 17%.

The gravel-Cerozoic barrier according to the present invention effectively prevents the loss of soil and soil by storm water on the slope. In other words, the runoff flowing along the slope is primarily caught by the convexly rising gravel-Czozoic barrier, slowing it down, and stopping because the sediment in runoff is blocked by the barrier. The soil introduced into the barrier is coagulated by the PAM coagulant and does not pass through the barrier. Accordingly, it is possible to effectively prevent soil loss along with rainwater.

Since the gravel-Czozoic barrier according to the present invention is composed only of natural materials that can be obtained directly from the field, it is environmentally friendly as well as economically advantageous. In addition, wood chips and nets are all organic materials, and when corroded, they function as compost and have the added advantage of helping vegetation.

On the other hand, even if it is an effect not explicitly mentioned herein, it is added that the effects described in the following specification expected by the technical features of the present invention and their potential effects are treated as described in the specification of the present invention.

1 is an actual photograph of a high altitude cabbage field.
2 is a view for explaining the construction sequence of the gravel-Ciozoic composition method according to an example of the present invention.
3 is a table showing the installation interval of the barrier in the gravel-Ciozoic composition method according to an example of the present invention.
4 is an actual photograph of a mesh woven from coconut fibers used in an example of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a view showing the state of the gravel-Czozoic barrier in a state in which the plant has germinated and established.
※ It is revealed that the accompanying drawings are exemplified as a reference for understanding the technical idea of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

In the description of the present invention, when it is determined that the subject matter of the present invention may be unnecessarily obscured as it is obvious to those skilled in the art with respect to related known functions, the detailed description will be omitted.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a 'gravel-Ciozoic barrier' according to an example of the present invention and a gravel-Ciozoic composition method using the same will be described in more detail.

2 is a view for explaining the construction sequence of the gravel-Ciozoic composition method according to an example of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2 , a barrier body is first formed in the gravel-Czozoic composition method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The barrier body is formed by mixing gravel and a carrier impregnated with a soil coagulant and convexly stacking it on the ground surface of the soil loss prevention area. The barrier body is disposed elongated in one direction, and may be mainly disposed along a direction perpendicular to the inclination direction of the soil loss prevention region, or may be disposed along a contour line.

The gravel required to make the barrier body can be obtained directly from the soil loss prevention area. In the soil loss prevention area, there are many places where the gravel is widely distributed and exposed as a lot of topsoil is lost, like the cabbage field in the high cold region of FIG. 1 . In general, the topsoil of highland fields contains gravel in the range of 10-50%. Therefore, as shown in (1) and (2) of Fig. 2, it is possible to obtain gravel (stone) of various sizes while performing the work of leveling the ground surface (surface leveling) at the site.

When the gravel is piled up, the empty space inside is filled with a carrier. The carrier includes a soil coagulant. More specifically, in this example, as a carrier, crushed/pulverized wood chips or cornstalks made by cutting waste wood or organic matter is used. It is made approximately 5 cm in size. In the total mixture of gravel and carrier, the carrier is mixed at 20-30% by volume.

When wood chips or cornstalks are immersed in a liquid soil coagulant for a certain period of time (approximately 24 hours), the soil coagulant permeates the inside of the wood chips and is applied to the surface. In this embodiment, PAM (polyacrylamide) is used as a soil coagulant. PAM aggregates soil particles that migrate with rainwater, ie clay or silt particles, and filtrates into the barrier body. Among various types of PAM, products used as coagulants in water purification or wastewater treatment can be used.

Except for the soil coagulant, all materials for forming the barrier body are natural products that can be obtained directly from the field, and have the advantage of being eco-friendly and very economical. In particular, wood chips or corn stalks used as carriers have an advantage in that they rot over time and function as compost for plants growing in the gravel-ezozoic era.

When a carrier containing gravel and a soil coagulant is prepared, they are mixed to form a barrier body. As shown in (3) of FIG. 2, a plurality of barrier bodies are convexly installed on the ground surface at regular intervals along the slope of the soil loss prevention area. Since the carrier is disposed in the pores inside the gravel, it is not easily lost to the outside. The barrier body may be installed long in a direction perpendicular to the inclined surface or installed parallel to the contour line. The barrier body is formed with a width of about 20-30 cm and a length of 10-30 m. And the spacing between the barrier bodies varies depending on the inclination of the soil loss prevention area. As shown in the table of Figure 3, the steeper the slope, the denser the composition. In the present invention, when the slope of the soil loss prevention area is less than 8%, it is arranged at intervals of 20 to 30 m, when the slope is in the range of 8 to 17%, at intervals of 15 to 25 m, and when the slope exceeds 17%, at intervals of 10 to 20 m. .

When all of the barrier body is formed as above, a coil net is covered and fixed on the barrier body, and artificial soil is laid on the barrier body with a thickness of 1-3 cm.

In this embodiment, the net is made of natural fibers, and in particular, a net woven from coconut fibers as shown in the photo of FIG. 4 may be used in one layer or by overlapping. You can use coconut fiber woven nets because they are ready-made. As shown in FIG. 4 , the coconet fibers have coarse fibers, so that the voids between the weft and warp fibers are also closed by the coconut fibers, thereby preventing the loss of the artificial soil laid on the barrier body.

As shown in FIG. 2 , since the surface of the coconut fibers is very rough due to the fine fibers, it is easily entangled with the soil and settled on the ground. Above all, since coconut fiber is a natural fiber, it is not only eco-friendly, but also has the advantage of preventing the loss of soil and soil during the vegetation growth process, and corroding after the planting process is completed and functioning as compost.

Artificial soil provides a basis for plant seeds to thrive. To this end, in this example, functional soil is mixed in a ratio of 70 to 80 wt% of good quality soil and 20 to 30 wt% of mature compost. And here, a complex fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is additionally mixed at a rate of 2-4 kg/ton. In addition, plant seeds are additionally mixed at a rate of 0.6 to 1 kg/ton. It is also possible to additionally mix limestone powder. Limestone powder is additionally mixed at a ratio of 3 to 7 wt% based on the total mixture of soil and mature fertilizer.

Soil should have physical properties suitable for vegetation establishment and growth, i.e., moisture retention, drainage, and breathability. For this purpose, sandy loam consisting of 45 - 70% sand, 10 - 50% silt and 10 - 20% clay is used.

Use mature compost for compost. Compost aggregates soil particles and increases moisture retention and breathability. In addition, it supplies nutrients (N, P, S, Mo, B, etc.) of vegetation and improves fertility by increasing the cation exchange capacity of the soil.

Fertilizer uses a compound fertilizer containing N, P, and K.

Limestone powder supplies Ca, an essential nutrient for vegetation. It is also used for the purpose of preventing soil acidification, which may be caused by a large amount of compost. In this example, limestone powder may be mixed in a ratio of 5% (weight ratio) of fine-grained limestone having a particle size of 10 mm or less.

Seeds are mainly perennial herbs. In particular, it has a strong stem, so it slows down the runoff and filters soil and soil to prevent loss. For example, turfgrass may be suitable for soil erosion and loss prevention.

As described above, when a mesh is installed on the barrier body and artificial soil is laid, the gravel-Czozoic barrier is completed, and when a plurality of gravel-Czorozoic barriers are installed to be spaced apart from each other in the soil loss prevention area, the gravel-Czorozoic formation is completed do.

When a certain period of time elapses, when plant seeds in the artificial soil or plant seeds introduced from the outside germinate and become established, the gravel-Czorozoic barrier as shown in FIG. 5 is formed.

When the sediment flows along the slope due to rainwater, runoff is primarily caught by the convex gravel-Crozoic barrier and slows down, and the sediment in runoff is also blocked by the barrier and stops. The soil introduced into the barrier is coagulated by the PAM coagulant and does not pass through the barrier. Accordingly, it is possible to effectively prevent soil loss along with rainwater.

Since the gravel-Czozoic barrier according to the present invention is composed only of natural materials that can be obtained directly from the field, it is environmentally friendly as well as economically advantageous. In addition, wood chips and nets are all organic materials, and when corroded, they function as compost and have the added advantage of helping vegetation.

The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the description and expression of the embodiments explicitly described above. In addition, it is added once again that the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited due to obvious changes or substitutions in the technical field to which the present invention pertains.

Claims (10)

A barrier body that is arranged long in one direction in the soil loss prevention area, gravel and a carrier impregnated with a soil coagulant are mixed and convexly stacked on the ground;
a mesh covering over the barrier body; and
Gravel-Corrozoic barrier, comprising a; artificial soil installed on the barrier body to provide vegetation conditions. According to claim 1,
The soil coagulant is gravel, characterized in that PAM (Polyacrylamide) - Czozoic barrier. According to claim 1,
The carrier rots as an organic material, characterized in that it functions as a compost-Cerrozoic barrier. 4. The method of claim 3,
The carrier is wood chips or crushed cornstalk,
Gravel, characterized in that processing by immersion in the soil coagulant in the liquid - Czozoic barrier. According to claim 1,
Gravel-Czozoic barrier, characterized in that 20 to 30% by volume of the carrier is mixed in the total mixture of the gravel and the carrier. According to claim 1,
The artificial soil is formulated in a weight ratio of 70 to 80% of soil and 20 to 30% of mature compost,
Composite fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is gravel-Czozoic barrier, characterized in that it is additionally mixed at a rate of 2 to 4 kg / ton, and 0.6 to 1 kg / ton of seeds with respect to the total mixture of the soil and the mature compost. . According to claim 1,
The mesh is gravel, characterized in that made of coconut fiber - Czorozoic barrier. A method of installing a plurality of gravel-Czozoic barriers along the inclination direction of the soil loss prevention area, the method comprising:
The gravel-Ciozoic barrier is a gravel-Czorozoic composition method, characterized in that according to any one of claims 1 to 7. 9. The method of claim 8,
The barrier body is gravel, characterized in that arranged along the contour line - Czorozoic composition method. 9. The method of claim 8,
The barrier body is arranged in plurality along the inclination direction of the soil loss prevention area,
When the slope of the soil loss prevention area is less than 8%, it is arranged at intervals of 20 to 30 m, when the slope is in the range of 8 to 17%, at intervals of 15 to 25 m, and when the slope exceeds 17%, at intervals of 10 to 20 m. Gravel-Czorozoic composition method.

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