KR20220098833A - Smart Battery - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a charging device for preventing explosion of and extending life of an electric mobility (e-mobility) battery, and a method thereof. The charging device for preventing explosion of and extending life of an e-mobility battery according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a battery inspection unit which compares at least one of the internal resistance, temperature, and voltage of a battery mounted in e-mobility with reference information to check a state of the battery; a charging/discharging unit which supplies charging current to the battery or discharges the battery; and a control unit which selects whether to charge the battery according to inspection information of the battery, and increases or decreases the charging current according to a change in a charging voltage of the battery when charging the battery.

Description

Smart Battery

The present invention embodied a circuit of a battery to which a protection circuit unit for performing an on/off operation when overdischarge, overcharge or overtemperature of the battery occurs in a smart battery that is detachably formed on an electric kickboard is added, and the immobility battery explodes Disclosed is a device for preventing and extending lifespan and a method for charging the same, and more particularly, a technology for automatically adjusting a charging current by inspecting the state of charge of a battery of a mobile means.

Recently, the use of batteries for electric mobility (e-mobility) is increasing. By using electricity, e-mobility is attracting attention because it can reduce environmental pollution and reduce noise caused by engine operation. It is used in various fields such as industrial equipment, home equipment, and automobiles that use batteries as an independent energy source.

It is being actively dealt with in ESS (Energy Storage System) and electric vehicle technology fields.

For example, a battery of an electric vehicle is composed of a module battery through series connection of a plurality of cell cells, and a plurality of module cells constitute a battery pack through series and parallel connection. In general, charging and discharging of a battery pack is performed at once, and there is a deviation between module cells constituting the battery pack, which is inefficient in terms of utilization and lifespan.

That is, the accumulated heat and the emitted heat are different depending on the location of the module cell packaged in the battery pack, so that the temperature of each module is different. This causes a problem that the voltage read from the sensor in the BMS that manages the battery and the voltage of the actual module battery are different. Therefore, accurate control through the controller is not possible, so the utilization rate for each module battery

There are various problems such as reduction, reduction of efficiency, and reduction of lifespan.

Among the prior art, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1956254 (registered on March 04, 2019) relates to a balancing control system by changing the current command according to the voltage value of each module of the electric vehicle battery, and manages the battery of the electric vehicle in module unit As a technical feature, it guarantees a higher life expectancy than before by controlling and charging the required output current amount.

do.

However, the conventional technique is charging by individually controlling the output current amount of each battery module, and there is a limitation in that the charging current cannot be adjusted according to the relationship between the charging current and the charging voltage.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a battery charge test device for e-mobility that can extend the life of a battery by determining whether to charge based on a relatively change in the charging voltage while varying the charging current according to the state of the battery is to do

In addition, it is to provide a battery charge inspection device for e-mobility that can prevent fire or explosion due to overcharging, etc. while increasing or decreasing the charging current until fully charged while inspecting the state of the battery while charging the battery.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery charge test apparatus for e-mobility capable of predicting the lifespan of a battery by detecting whether the e-mobility moves and evaluating the battery discharge performance during movement.

Explosion prevention and life extension charging apparatus for an immobility battery according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a battery inspection unit that compares at least one or more of internal resistance, temperature, and voltage of a battery mounted in e-mobility with reference information to inspect the state; A charging/discharging unit for supplying a charging current to or discharging the battery, selecting whether to charge the battery according to inspection information of the battery, and increasing or decreasing the charging current according to a change in the charging voltage of the battery when charging the battery includes a control unit.

In addition, the battery inspection unit obtains first temperature information by contacting the surface of the battery, and obtains second temperature information by detecting the infrared rays of the battery, and the control unit obtains the first temperature information and the second temperature information of the battery. By comparing the change information of the temperature information, when it is within a preset error range, the first temperature information is determined as the temperature of the battery, and when it exceeds the error range, the second temperature information can be determined as the temperature of the battery. have.

In addition, the control unit may stop charging the battery and output a fault signal when the charging voltage does not increase by more than a preset value while increasing the charging current.

In addition, the battery may further include a noise sensing unit for detecting noise around the battery, and the control unit may terminate the driving of the charging/discharging unit when the noise information exceeds the reference noise information.

On the other hand, the charging method of the battery explosion prevention and life extension charging device compares at least one of internal resistance, temperature, and voltage of a battery mounted in electric mobility (e-mobility) with reference information to check the state. A battery inspection step, a charging/discharging step of supplying a charging current to the battery or discharging the battery, selecting whether to charge the battery according to the inspection information of the battery, and charging the battery to change the charging voltage of the battery and a control step of increasing or decreasing the charging current accordingly.

Accordingly, it is possible to extend the life of the battery by determining whether to charge the battery based on the change in the charging voltage while changing the charging current according to the state of the battery.

In addition, it is possible to prevent fire or explosion due to overcharging by increasing or decreasing the charging current until fully charged while inspecting the state of the battery while charging the battery.

In addition, it is possible to estimate the life of the battery by detecting whether the e-mobility moves and evaluating the battery discharge performance during the movement.

1 is a block diagram of an e-mobility system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The terms used are terms selected in consideration of functions in the embodiment, and the meaning of the terms may vary depending on the intention or precedent of the user or operator. Therefore, the meaning of the terms used in the embodiments to be described below, when specifically defined in the present specification,

In accordance with the above, if there is no specific definition, it should be interpreted as a meaning commonly recognized by those skilled in the art.

1 is a block diagram of an e-mobility system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the e-mobility system includes e-mobility, a user terminal, and a charging device.

Electric Mobility (e-mobility) is used to encompass transportation means driven by electricity, such as electric vehicles, electric kickboards, and electric bicycles. The e-mobility is equipped with a battery composed of a plurality of cells inside. A charging device for charging and discharging the battery is installed inside the e-mobility. The e-mobility may be formed in a removable battery or a fixed type. It is also possible that the immobility is formed in a hybrid manner.

The user terminal communicates with the e-mobility or charging device. In this case, it is preferable that an application capable of communicating with the e-mobility or charging device is installed in the user terminal. The user terminal may be a terminal used by a user who uses e-mobility or an administrator who manages battery charging. The user terminal may be provided with battery charge state information. In this case, it is preferable that an application capable of communicating with the e-mobility or charging device is installed in the user terminal.

The charging device is mounted inside the e-mobility to control the charging and discharging of the battery and to check the state of the battery. The charging device may control the amount of charging current according to the state of the battery. The charging device may communicate with an external user terminal to provide inspection information and control information of the battery. The charging device can also output inspection information and control information of the battery through the display mounted on the e-mobility. Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 1

The charging device will be described in detail.

1 is a block diagram of an apparatus for preventing explosion and extending the life of an e-mobility battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 , an apparatus for preventing explosion and extending life of an e-mobility battery according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a battery inspection unit, a charging/discharging unit, and a control unit.

The battery inspection unit compares at least one of internal resistance, temperature, and voltage of a battery mounted in the e-mobility with reference information to inspect the state. In this case, the battery may be composed of a plurality of cells, and the battery sensing unit may generate inspection information through various sensors. The battery inspection department conducts an initial inspection before charging the battery.

You can create personal information. For example, the battery inspection unit may output a warning signal when a voltage deviation between battery cells, a temperature deviation, an internal resistance deviation, or a voltage change due to a short circuit exceeds a preset value in comparison with the reference information. This is to prevent charging when the battery is initially unstable.

Also, the battery inspection unit may inspect the state of the battery while charging is in progress. For example, the battery inspector compares at least one of internal resistance, temperature, and voltage of the battery with reference information at a preset time period to inspect the state. Compared with the reference information during charging, if the voltage deviation between the battery cells, the temperature deviation, the internal resistance deviation, and the voltage change according to the charging current exceed the preset value, the charging current is reduced. In this case, the battery inspection unit inspects the state of the battery again even in the state of the reduced charging current and compares it with the reference information. The battery inspection unit may output a warning signal to terminate charging when the inspection information of the battery exceeds the reference information and a preset value.

Also, when the battery inspection information is within the reference information and the preset value during charging, the battery inspection unit inspects whether overcharging occurs due to an increase in the charging current. The battery inspection unit determines whether overcharging occurs while the battery is being charged or fully charged. In this case, when the battery is overcharged, the charging/discharging unit or the control unit discharges it.

to output the inspection information. If the battery inspection unit does not overcharge the battery, charging proceeds until the timer reaches a preset value. This is to detect a surge in voltage due to damage to a specific cell while the battery is fully charged. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent a fire due to overcharging of the battery.

As such, the battery inspection unit firstly inspects the state of the battery before starting charging, secondaryly inspects the state of the battery during charging, and tertiarily inspects the state of the battery even when the battery is fully charged. Through the three-step battery inspection process, it is more stable and can charge the battery for e-mobility.

In addition, the battery inspection unit sets a characteristic signal and a response signal to the characteristic signal in the battery. The battery inspection unit is a second test signal obtained by applying a first evaluation signal obtained by adding the plurality of first test signals to the intrinsic characteristic signal and a second test signal obtained by superimposing the plurality of first test signals on the intrinsic characteristic signal at a preset time interval Compare the evaluation signals. Here, the first test signal or the second test signal may be a DC signal or an AC signal. The battery inspection unit may supply the first test signal and the second test signal before, during, or after charging.

In addition, the battery inspection unit acquires the first temperature information by contacting the surface of the battery. This is to prevent overheating of the battery. The battery inspection unit acquires second temperature information by detecting the battery in infrared light. In this case, the battery inspection unit may be formed with an infrared camera at a location spaced apart from the battery. The battery inspection unit may acquire the first temperature information and the second temperature information in a preset time period and generate the information as the inspection information. The battery inspection unit outputs the first temperature information and the second temperature information to the control unit at a preset time period.

The charging/discharging unit 120 supplies a charging current to the battery in the charging mode. The charging/discharging unit supplies a charging current that is a constant current to the battery. The charging/discharging unit may increase or decrease the charging current according to the state of the battery. For example, the charging/discharging unit reduces the charging current when the voltage deviation between the battery cells, the temperature deviation, the internal resistance deviation, and the voltage change due to a short circuit exceed the preset value. In this case, the charging current of the charging/discharging unit may be controlled by the control unit. The charging/discharging unit reduces the charging current when the rising width of the charging voltage relative to the charging current exceeds a preset value. The charging/discharging unit increases the charging current when the battery inspection information is normal while charging the battery.

Also, the charging/discharging unit discharges the battery. The charging/discharging unit discharges current from the battery to an external load in the discharging mode. This is to prevent a fire if the battery is overcharged while charging. In this case, the load may be configured to consume current using electrical resistance. The charging/discharging unit cuts off the charging current in the discharging mode and electrically switches the battery with the load to supply the current to the outside. The charging/discharging unit may operate in a discharging mode at any time when overcharging occurs until the battery reaches a fully charged state.

The control unit controls the battery inspection unit and the charging/discharging unit. The control unit receives the inspection information from the battery inspection unit to be practicable. The control unit determines the state of the battery based on the inspection information, and controls the charging/discharging unit. For example, when an abnormality occurs in the battery within a predetermined time after the start of charging, the controller does not start charging and ends the charging. At the beginning of charging, if the voltage rises rapidly due to a cell voltage deviation of the battery, a rise in the battery cell temperature, a change in internal resistance, or a short circuit in the battery cell, charging is immediately stopped. The control unit may output a failure signal through a display or a speaker to notify the user.

In addition, the control unit receives the test information of the battery in real time while charging is continued after a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of charging. The control unit decreases the charging current when the cell voltage deviation of the battery, the battery cell temperature rise, the change in internal resistance, and the rise width of the charging voltage compared to the charging current exceed a preset value among the inspection information. This is to induce the stabilization of the chemical substance of the battery cell during charging. In other words, instead of continuously increasing the charging current, the charging current is decreased while waiting until the battery is stabilized. This is to extend the battery cycle life.

In addition, the control unit stops charging and outputs a fault signal when the charging voltage does not increase by more than a preset value while increasing the charging current. In this case, the controller determines that the battery cell or the charging/discharging unit is abnormal.

The control unit may automatically decrease the charging current and then increase the charging current again. The control unit may check the charging voltage again while increasing the charging current by a certain level or more and stop charging if it does not increase. This is to prevent a fire or explosion accident of the battery by supplying more than necessary charging current to increase the charging voltage.

In addition, the control unit operates the charging/discharging unit in the charging mode. In this case, the controller determines whether overcharging of the battery occurs while the charging current increases. The control unit may switch the charging/discharging unit to a discharging mode when overcharging of the battery occurs from the inspection information. This is to prevent the battery from overcharging and causing a fire. After switching the charging/discharging unit to the discharging mode, the control unit stops the discharging mode when the battery reaches a normal charging voltage. When overcharging does not occur in the battery, the controller performs charging until the timer reaches a preset value. In this case, the timer may be set according to the capacity of the battery.

In addition, the control unit compares the plurality of first evaluation signals and the second response signals and determines that the battery performance is normal when the principle of superposition is established. The controller compares the plurality of first evaluation signals and the second response signals, and when the principle of overlap is not established, the control unit may determine performance degradation by using the difference. When the control unit detects performance degradation of any one of the batteries, the control unit may control the charging/discharging unit to reduce or stop the charging current. This is to extend the life of the battery by periodically determining the performance of the battery based on the electrical response signal and charging it according to the state.

In addition, the controller compares the change information of the first temperature information and the second temperature information of the battery and determines whether it is within a preset error range. For example, when the change information of the first temperature information and the second temperature information is within a preset error range, the controller determines the first temperature information as the temperature of the battery. When the change information of the first temperature information and the second temperature information exceeds a preset error range, the controller determines the second temperature information as the temperature of the battery. The control unit may reduce or stop the charging current by controlling the charging/discharging unit according to the temperature of the battery.

Also, the control unit may use big data for charging current control information of the battery. In this case, charging current control information under similar battery state conditions can be collected as big data from an external management server. The control unit may acquire charging current control information used in Tie Mobility and control the charging current based on current battery inspection information.

This is to obtain an optimal charging current control method in a similar environment by using e-mobility's battery charging current big data. Accordingly, it is possible to charge the battery under optimal conditions while extending the life of the battery.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the charging device first checks the initial state of the battery. In this case, the initial state of the battery may be checked while the initial charging current is applied. For example, the state is checked by comparing at least one of internal resistance, temperature, and voltage of the battery with reference information. The charging device determines whether the battery state is within a preset normal range. In this case, the charging device checks the state of the battery when the battery starts charging when the state of the battery is normal. If the state of the battery is abnormal, charging is terminated. In this case, the charging device may output a warning signal to the outside.

The charging device determines whether the state of the battery is within a normal range during charging of the battery. If the charging state of the battery is abnormal, the charging current of the battery is reduced. This is to extend the life of the battery and wait until the battery is stable. The charging device increases the charging current in stages when the battery state is normal.

Thereafter, the charging device determines whether the battery is in an overcharge state. When the battery is overcharged, the charging device operates the battery in a discharging mode. This is to prevent fire or explosion due to overheating of the battery. The charging device determines whether the battery is fully charged when the battery is not overcharged. In this case, charging is terminated when the battery is fully charged, and if not fully charged, the process moves to step S150 and repeats until fully charged.

All.

Meanwhile, the device for preventing explosion and extending life of an immobility battery according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a noise detecting unit.

The noise detection unit detects noise around the battery and determines whether there is an abnormality. For example, while charging a battery, it detects an explosion or a small noise from a specific cell. In this case, the noise sensing unit generates noise information generated around the battery cell and outputs it to the control unit. The control unit compares this noise information with reference noise information. When the noise information received from the noise detection unit exceeds the reference noise information, the control unit may terminate the driving of the charging/discharging unit. This is to prevent in advance that a fire or the like may occur due to noise generated due to swelling of the battery cell or a short circuit.

1 is an exemplary diagram for explaining whether or not to replace the battery in the e-mobility battery explosion prevention and life extension charging device.

Referring to FIG. 1 , an apparatus for preventing explosion and extending life of an immobility battery according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a communication unit.

The communication unit communicates with the user terminal. In this case, the user terminal may be formed as a mobile or fixed type, and network communication with the charging device is possible. The communication unit may transmit the charging/discharging mode of the battery to the user terminal. It is also possible that the communication unit transmits the state of the battery during charging to the user terminal. In this case, the control unit may output the failure signal to the user terminal when the failure signal occurs. When the user terminal acquires and transmits the identification code formed on the battery, the control unit may confirm replacement of the corresponding battery. This will force the problem battery cell to be replaced to verify that the actual replacement has taken place.

it is for When a cell of a new battery is replaced, the controller may re-examine the battery state from the beginning.

Meanwhile, referring back to FIG. 1 , the charging device for e-mobility according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a movement detecting unit.

The movement detection unit detects whether the e-mobility is moved. For example, the movement detecting unit may obtain movement information of at least one of a speed, an acceleration, and a slope of the e-mobility. The movement detection unit generates movement information to determine the performance of the battery while the e-mobility is actually driven. In this case, the control unit analyzes the discharge performance of the battery according to the movement information. The control unit determines the replacement cycle of the battery according to the discharge performance. For example, the controller 130 may determine the deterioration state of the battery by measuring the time from the fully charged state to the discharging of the battery. Accordingly, it is possible to determine the replacement cycle by analyzing the discharge performance of the battery.

On the other hand, the battery explosion prevention and life extension charging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a vision inspection unit.

The vision inspection unit may determine whether there is an abnormality by acquiring vision image information about the battery at a preset time period and comparing it with preset normal information. In this case, it is preferable that the vision camera is mounted at a position spaced apart from the battery. The vision image information of the battery is information for detecting the change in the cell volume due to performance degradation. In this case, the arcane sword

The master divides the vision image for the battery into preset regions to generate a plurality of divided vision images, and processes the pixel values of the generated divided vision images into binary data based on a preset threshold to generate a binary image to the controller. print out

In this case, the controller may set an inspection target region for the generated binary image, and may finally determine whether the battery is defective by analyzing the set inspection target region with preset reference region information and patterns. The controller may stop the operation of the charging/discharging unit when an error between the normal information and the preset value is generated in the vision image information of the battery. This is to avoid the risk of fire or explosion by quickly identifying external cracks or changes in volume of the battery.

In the above, the present invention has been mainly described with reference to the preferred embodiments described with reference to the drawings, but is not limited thereto. Therefore, the present invention should be interpreted by the description of the claims intended to cover obvious modifications that can be derived from the described embodiments.

100: charging device
110: battery inspection unit
120: charge/discharge unit
130: control unit
140: noise detection unit
150: communication department
160: movement detection unit
170: vision inspection unit
500: identification code

Claims (5)

a battery inspection unit that compares at least one of internal resistance, temperature, and voltage of a battery mounted in electric mobility (e-mobility) with reference information and inspects the state; a charging/discharging unit supplying a charging current to the battery or discharging the battery; and a control unit that selects whether to charge the battery according to the inspection information of the battery, and increases or decreases the charging current according to a change in the charging voltage of the battery when the battery is charged,
The battery inspection unit,
Acquire first temperature information by contacting the surface of the battery, and obtain second temperature information by sensing the battery with infrared rays,
The control unit is
When it is within a preset error range by comparing the change information of the first temperature information and the second temperature information of the battery
determines the first temperature information as the temperature of the battery, and when it exceeds the error range, the second temperature information
Explosion prevention and life extension charging device for an immobility battery determined by the temperature of the battery. The method of claim 1,
The memory of the control unit stores the reference temperature range, the standard charge/discharge rate per hour, the reference capacity range, and the reference voltage deviation, a smart battery monitoring system for e-mobility. According to claim 1,
The control unit, while increasing the charging current, when the charging voltage does not increase by more than a preset value, stops charging the battery and outputs a failure signal. According to claim 1,
Further comprising a noise detection unit for detecting the noise around the battery,
The control unit is
Explosion prevention and life extension charging device for an e-mobility battery that terminates the operation of the charging/discharging unit when the noise information exceeds the reference noise information. In the charging method of the battery explosion prevention and life extension charging device,
a battery inspection step of comparing at least one of internal resistance, temperature, and voltage of a battery mounted in electric mobility (e-mobility) with reference information to inspect a state; a charging/discharging step of supplying a charging current to the battery or discharging the battery; and a control step of selecting whether to charge the battery according to the test information of the battery, and increasing or decreasing the charging current according to a change in the charging voltage of the battery when the battery is charged, wherein the battery test step includes a surface of the battery to obtain first temperature information by contacting the
The control step is
By comparing the change information of the first temperature information and the second temperature information of the battery, the first temperature information is determined as the temperature of the battery when it is within a preset error range, and when it exceeds the error range, the Explosion prevention and life extension charging method of an e-mobility battery for determining the second temperature information as the temperature of the battery.

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