KR20220096022A - Burner, water heating apparatus and control method of same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is to implement stable combustion by increasing the settling rate of flame during ignition. A water heating apparatus according to the present invention includes a fuel supply unit provided to supply fuel for a combustion reaction; an air supply unit provided to supply air for the combustion reaction; an ignition unit provided to cause a spark to ignite the supplied fuel and air; and a processor electrically connected to the fuel supply unit, the air supply unit, and the ignition unit, wherein the processor controls the fuel supply unit and the ignition unit to supply fuel for ignition and generate a spark and controls the air supply unit such that a flow rate of air supplied at an air supply time that is after a predetermined delay time from an ignition time is greater than a flow rate of air supplied at the ignition time when the spark is generated and ignited.

Description

Burner, water heater including same, and burner control method {BURNER, WATER HEATING APPARATUS AND CONTROL METHOD OF SAME}

The present invention relates to a burner, a water heater including the same, and a method for controlling the burner.

A water heater is a device that heats a fluid in a vessel. This fluid may be water. The water heater may heat a desired area by discharging heated water to a demand destination or transferring it to a heating flow path.

In order to heat the water of the water heater, the water heater generates a flame and combustion gas by causing a combustion reaction using a burner, and generally has a structure that can heat water using the heat transmitted from the flame and the heat transmitted from the combustion gas. .

A burner needs fuel to initiate a combustion reaction. As the fuel, liquefied petroleum gas or liquefied natural gas, which are a kind of fossil fuel, may be used, but oil-type diesel or kerosene may be used.

When designing a water heater using a burner that generates less nitrogen oxide using oil-type fuel, a method of supplying air together with fuel at high speed may be required. However, when the air and fuel supplied at high speed meet and ignite, the flame may not be located precisely where it should be and the flame may become unstable. In this case, ignition may not be smooth, and incomplete combustion may occur, which may increase the generation of nitrogen oxides. In addition, when incomplete combustion occurs, there is a high possibility that a yellow flame is formed by soot, and passages inside the water heater provided to allow combustion gas to flow in a predetermined path may be blocked.

In addition, when operating a water heater using oil-type fuel, if the supply air amount is momentarily increased while ignited at an appropriate air ratio (for this purpose, the air volume of the blower can be changed from a low stage to a high stage), the air ratio will fluctuate significantly and It may increase the likelihood of a realization.

And if the air ratio is not kept constant even after ignition, the generation of nitrogen oxides may increase due to incomplete combustion.

The present invention has been devised to solve such problems, and it is to provide a burner that realizes stable combustion by increasing a flame settling rate during ignition, a water heater including the same, and a burner control method.

A burner according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a fuel supply unit provided to provide fuel for a combustion reaction; an air supply unit provided to blow air for the combustion reaction; an ignition unit provided to cause a spark to ignite provided fuel and air; and a processor electrically connected to the fuel supply unit, the air supply unit, and the ignition unit, wherein the processor: controls the fuel supply unit and the ignition unit to provide fuel for ignition and generate a spark, The air supply unit is controlled so that the flow rate of the air provided at the time of providing the air after a predetermined delay time from the time of ignition is greater than the flow rate of the air provided at the time of ignition, which is the time when the spark occurs and is ignited.

A water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a fuel supply unit provided to provide fuel for a combustion reaction; a burner structure including an ignition unit provided to generate a spark to ignite fuel and air; a heat exchanger provided to heat water using heat generated by a combustion reaction generated by the burner structure; and a processor electrically connected to the burner structure, wherein the processor controls the fuel supply unit and the ignition unit to provide fuel for ignition and generate a spark, and move to a lower stage when the spark is ignited. While providing air, after a predetermined time, the air supply unit is controlled to provide air at a high stage.

A burner control method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of providing air at a predetermined flow rate; providing fuel; generating a spark to ignite the provided air and fuel; and starting to provide air at a flow rate greater than the predetermined flow rate at an air supply time that is a predetermined time after the spark is generated and ignited.

Accordingly, there is an advantage in that the amount of air rapidly increases when the burner is ignited to prevent the flame from misfire (extinguishes), and stable combustion is possible because the flame is stably seated.

In addition, it is possible to maintain a constant air ratio even after ignition, so that stable combustion is possible and the generation of nitrogen oxides can be reduced.

1 is a conceptual diagram of an internal structure of a water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a perspective view illustrating a burner structure of a water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a perspective view showing a state in which the flame forming part is separated from the burner structure of the water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the flame forming part of the water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a perspective view illustrating a situation in which the blower tube is disassembled from the flame forming part of the water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a flame forming part of a water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a perspective view illustrating a flame holder, a spark plug, a fuel nozzle, and a flame forming cover of a water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a bottom view of a flame forming part of a water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a perspective view illustrating a flameholder of a water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention.
11 is an exploded perspective view illustrating parts related to a blower in a burner of a water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention.
12 is an exploded perspective view of a blower of a water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention.
13 is a graph showing the degree of control of the air supply unit, the fuel supply unit, and the ignition unit of the exemplary water heater on the vertical axis and time on the horizontal axis.
14 is a view showing the degree of control of the air supply unit, the fuel supply unit, and the ignition unit of the water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention as the vertical axis and time as the horizontal axis.
15 is a graph showing oxygen ratios according to time after ignition in an exemplary water heater and a burner of a water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention as a horizontal axis and a vertical axis, respectively.

Hereinafter, some embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to exemplary drawings. In adding reference numerals to the components of each drawing, it should be noted that the same components are given the same reference numerals as much as possible even though they are indicated on different drawings. In addition, in describing the embodiment of the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known configuration or function interferes with the understanding of the embodiment of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In addition, in describing the components of the embodiment of the present invention, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), (b), etc. may be used. These terms are only for distinguishing the component from other components, and the essence, order, or order of the component is not limited by the term. When it is described that a component is “connected”, “coupled” or “connected” to another component, the component may be directly connected or connected to the other component, but another component is between each component. It will be understood that may also be "connected", "coupled" or "connected".

1 is a conceptual diagram of the internal structure of a water heater 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the water heater 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 , the water heater 1 is a device for heating water through heat exchange between combustion gas and water generated therefrom after generating heat. The water heater 1 includes a combustion chamber 30 , a burner structure 20 , a pipe 40 and a processor P. The water heater 1 may include a case 10 , an enclosure 60 , and a buffalo plate 50 . The case 10 may be formed in a cylindrical shape, but the shape is not limited thereto. The burner may include a burner structure 20 and a processor P.

A combustion chamber 30 providing a combustion space 300, which is a space in which a combustion reaction occurs, may be provided inside the case 10 containing other components, and the burner structure 20 is disposed in the combustion space 300 It can produce heat and combustion gases through a combustion reaction. The combustion chamber 30 may be provided on the lower side of the case 10 , but the position thereof is not limited thereto.

The combustion chamber 30 may communicate with one end of the pipe 40 . A hollow 70 disposed outside the combustion chamber 30 and the tube 40 to allow water to flow around the combustion chamber 30 and the tube 40 may be formed in the case 10 . While the combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber 30 is discharged to the other end of the tube 40 through the tube 40, water flowing in the hollow 70 around the tube 40 and the combustion chamber 30 is discharged from the combustion gas. It can be heated and discharged by receiving heat.

The pipe 40 may extend along the vertical direction of FIG. 1 , and water may flow therethrough. A buffalo plate 50 may be disposed inside the tube 40 . The buffalo plate 50 is disposed so that the path through which the combustion gas flowing in the pipe 40 flows can be determined.

The pipe 40 is a component in which the combustion gas is provided to flow therein, and a plurality of water heaters may be disposed as shown. A buffalo plate 50 is inserted in the tube 40 . One end of the pipe 40 may communicate with the combustion chamber 30 . The pipe 40 may be arranged such that the other end of the pipe 40 crosses the hollow 70 to discharge the combustion gas to the outside. One end of the tube 40 may be a lower end located at the lower side, and the other end may be an upper end located at the upper side.

The burner structure 20 is provided to cause a combustion reaction from air and fuel. The fuel used by the burner structure 20 of the water heater 1 may be an oil type. That is, the water heater 1 may be an oil boiler. The end of the burner structure 20 to which fuel is injected is located in the combustion chamber 30 , so that a combustion reaction may occur in the combustion space 300 of the combustion chamber 30 .

The enclosure 60 is a component that houses the internal structures of the water heater 1 described in FIG. 1 . The enclosure 60 may have a rectangular parallelepiped shape as shown, but the shape is not limited thereto. A processor P may be installed in the enclosure 60 .

The processor P is a component including an element capable of performing a logical operation for performing a control command, and may include a central processing unit (CPU) or the like. The processor P may be connected to various components to transmit a signal according to a control command to each component, and may receive information obtained by being connected to various sensors or acquisition units in the form of signals. Therefore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the processor (P) may be electrically connected to the air supply unit 22, the ignition unit 24, the fuel nozzle 23, etc. included in the water heater (1). Since the processor (P) may be electrically connected to each of the components, it may be connected with a conducting wire or may further have a communication module capable of wireless communication to communicate with each other.

The water heater 1 may further include a storage medium, so that the control commands performed by the processor P are stored in the storage medium and utilized. The storage medium may be a device such as a hard disk drive (HDD), a solid state drive (SSD), a server, a volatile medium, a non-volatile medium, and the like, but the type is not limited thereto. In addition to this, the storage medium may further store data necessary for the processor P to perform a task.

3 is a perspective view showing the burner structure 20 of the water heater 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The burner structure 20 is a component causing a combustion reaction, and includes a fuel nozzle 23 , an ignition unit 24 , and an air supply unit 22 . The burner structure 20 may further include a housing 21 , a flame holder 25 , a tube frame 28 , a blower tube 26 , and a fuel pump 27 .

The housing 21 surrounds the components of the burner structure 20 or is coupled to the case 10 after being combined with each component to fix the relative positions of the components of the burner structure 20 with respect to the case 10 is a component The housing 21 is coupled to the combustion chamber cover 211 and the combustion chamber cover 211 that are coupled to the case 10 to cover the opening of the combustion chamber 30 and the flame forming part is coupled to the air supply unit 22 and the flame forming unit. It may include a flame-forming cover 212 that covers it. In addition, the combustion chamber cover 211 may be provided with a blower coupling part 213 provided so that the air supply part 22 is coupled from the outside of the case 10 may be formed.

The fuel pump 27 is a device for pressurizing fuel provided from the outside or stored in a separate fuel tank to the fuel nozzle 23 through the fuel supply pipe 273 . Accordingly, the fuel pump 27 generates and provides power to be driven by the fuel pressure forming unit 271 including a device capable of pressurizing fuel, and by electric power, the fuel pressure forming unit 271 being driven. It may include a fuel motor 272 that does.

The burner structure 20 may further include a flame confirmation unit. The flame check unit is a component that can check the presence or absence of a flame formed by the combustion reaction, and may be electrically connected to the processor (P). The flame confirmation unit may include a UV sensor capable of confirming whether ultraviolet rays are generated by the flame, but the means that the flame confirmation unit may include to confirm the flame is not limited thereto. The flame confirmation unit may pass through the flame forming cover 212 and be coupled to the flame forming cover 212 .

4 is a perspective view showing a state in which the flame forming part is separated from the burner structure 20 of the water heater 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. 5 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the flame forming part of the water heater 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention to be revealed. 6 is a perspective view illustrating a situation in which the blower tube 26 is disassembled from the flame forming part of the water heater 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the flame forming part of the water heater 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. 8 is a perspective view showing the flame holder 25, the ignition unit 24, the fuel nozzle 23 and the flame forming cover 212 of the water heater 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. 9 is a bottom view of the flame forming part of the water heater 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The flame forming unit may include a flame holder 25 , a tube frame 28 , a blower tube 26 , a fuel nozzle 23 , and an ignition unit 24 . In the flame forming part, fuel and air are mixed to generate a flame so that the flame is disposed in the combustion space 300 of the combustion chamber 30 .

Flame forming part - fuel nozzle (23)

The fuel supply unit may include a fuel nozzle 23 and a fuel pump 27 . The fuel nozzle 23 is a component that sprays oil-type fuel into the combustion space 300 . Therefore, the fuel nozzle 23 is connected to the fuel pump 27 through the fuel supply pipe 273, and can receive oil-type fuel from the fuel pump 27, and the fuel pump 27 pressurizes the fuel. The fuel is sprayed into the combustion space 300 by pressure. Let the direction in which the fuel nozzle 23 sprays fuel into the combustion space 300 be a reference direction (D). The reference direction D may be a direction in which the burner structure 20 is inserted into the case 10 or a direction in which the fuel nozzle 23 extends.

The flow rate at which the fuel nozzle 23 sprays fuel may be determined by the fuel pump 27 . The fuel nozzle 23 may be disposed through the flame forming cover 212 . The inner end 231 of the nozzle, which is the end of the fuel nozzle 23 on the reference direction (D) side and where the outlet through which the fuel is injected is formed, may be located inside the combustion chamber 30 as shown, and in the reference direction ( While extending from the columnar nozzle body 232 passing through the housing 21 along D), the cross-sectional area in a cross-section cut in a plane perpendicular to the reference direction D may be reduced.

Flame forming part - ignition part (24)

The ignition unit 24 is a component that ignites a mixed material in which the atomized fuel and the injected air are mixed. In an embodiment of the present invention, the ignition unit 24 is described as an ignition plug-in, but a device that ignites in a manner other than the spark plug may be used as the ignition unit 24 . The ignition unit 24 may generate an electric spark to ignite and ignite the mixed material. As the oil-type fuel is sprayed and air is sprayed and mixed in the flame forming unit and the combustion space 300 to form a mixed material, an electric spark is generated, thereby forming a flame.

The plug body 242 passes through the housing 21 in the reference direction D, and an end opposite to the reference direction D of the ignition unit 24 may be electrically connected to the processor P or a power source. The plug inner end 241 that is the end of the ignition unit 24 on the reference direction (D) side may be disposed adjacent to the nozzle inner end 231 inside the combustion chamber 30 . The fuel nozzle 23 may be disposed at the center of the blower tube 26 when viewed along the reference direction D, and the ignition unit 24 may be disposed around the fuel nozzle 23 . The plug inner end 241 may be inclined in a direction approaching the nozzle inner end 231 from the plug body 242 in the reference direction D. A spark may be formed at the inner end 241 of the plug.

Flame forming part - blower tube (26)

The blower tube 26 surrounds a portion of the fuel nozzle 23 inserted into the combustion chamber 30 and the ignition unit 24 and is connected to the air supply unit 22 . The blower tube 26 may have an internal space through which the air pressurized by the air supply unit 22 flows, and an exhaust opening that is an opening open toward the combustion space 300 . Accordingly, the fuel sprayed by the fuel nozzle 23 and the air compressed by the air supply unit 22 may be discharged to the combustion space 300 through the discharge opening, and sparks may form to form a flame. The discharge opening may be at least partially covered by the flameholder 25 .

The blower tube 26 may include a straight tube portion 262 having a cylindrical appearance and having an end opposite to the reference direction D coupled to the housing 21 . The blower tube 26 is a tapered portion ( 261) may be included. That is, the tapered portion 261 may correspond to the tube end region, which is a region adjacent to the end of the blower tube 26 in the reference direction (D). A flame holder 25 may be disposed on the inside of the tapered portion 261 . A tube frame 28 is disposed inside the straight pipe part 262 , and the tube frame 28 may be coupled to the inner surface of the straight pipe part 262 .

The inner surface of the tapered portion 261 of the blower tube 26 and the outer surface of the flame holder 25 may be spaced apart from each other at a predetermined distance. That is, the blower tube 26 and the flame holder 25 may not contact each other, and the flame holder 25 may not completely cover the discharge opening. The predetermined interval may be 0.8 mm or more and 1.8 mm or less, but may vary depending on the amount of heat generated by the burner structure 20 or other characteristics. When looking at the blower tube 26 and the flame holder 25 along the reference direction (D), the discharge opening and the flame holder 25 may form a concentric circle.

Flame Forming Part - Tube Frame (28)

The tube frame 28 is a component arranged to fix the relative position of the components within the flame forming section. The tube frame 28 is connected to the tube connection part 281 coupled to the inner surface of the straight pipe part 262 of the blower tube 26, and the tube connection part 281, and the holder connection part 282 is coupled to the flame holder 25. ) may be included. Therefore, the tube frame 28 is spaced apart from the blower tube 26 and the flame holder 25 without contacting each other, and when viewed along the reference direction (D), a relative positional relationship that can draw concentric circles can be maintained. .

The tube connecting portion 281 may be formed in a disk shape so as to be coupled to and in contact with the inner surface of the straight tube portion 262 . An opening is formed in the center of the tube connection part 281 so that the fuel nozzle 23 can be inserted and fixed. The holder connection portion 282 may be formed in a shape such as a pillar to protrude along the reference direction (D) from the tube connection portion 281 and be coupled to the flame holder 25, and stably the flame holder 25. A plurality may be disposed to support it. The end of the holder connection part 282 in the reference direction (D) is inserted into the coupling hole 256 formed in the flame holder 25 , or is coupled with the fastener inserted into the coupling hole 256 and coupled with the flame holder 25 . can be

Since the tube frame 28 is for maintaining the relative positional relationship between the blower tube 26 and the flame holder 25, it may include a plurality of holes formed to reduce the weight. The ignition part 24 may pass through one of these holes.

Flame Forming Part - Flame Holder (25)

10 is a perspective view showing the flame holder 25 of the water heater (1) according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The flame holder 25 is a component disposed for smooth flame formation. The flame holder 25 may include a holder plate 251 and a holder circumference 252 . The flame holder 25 may further include a central opening 253 , a vortex opening 254 , a coupling hole 256 , and a vortex blade 255 formed in the holder plate 251 .

The holder plate 251 is formed in a plate shape and is a component arranged to at least partially cover the discharge opening formed in the blower tube 26 . In one embodiment of the present invention, although it is illustrated that the holder plate 251 is formed in a disk shape, the shape is not limited thereto.

The holder circumference 252 is a portion extending from the circumference of the holder plate 251 in the reference direction D, and in an embodiment of the present invention, since the holder plate 251 is formed in a disk shape, the holder plate 251 ) may have a ring shape protruding in the reference direction (D) along the circumference. However, the shape of the holder peripheral portion 252 is not limited thereto.

The central opening 253 is an opening formed in the center of the holder plate 251 so that the fuel sprayed by the fuel nozzle 23 reaches the combustion space 300 . Air may be discharged through the central opening 253 . The central opening 253 may be formed in a circular shape, but may be formed in an incomplete circular shape in which a portion of the periphery is linearly formed as shown, and the shape is not limited thereto.

The vortex opening 254 is another opening formed in the holder plate 251, and may be formed in plurality. The vortex opening 254 may be radially formed around the central opening 253 . In one embodiment of the present invention, the four vortex openings 254 are described based on the drawings shown as being arranged to form an equal angle of 90 degrees, but the number and arrangement are not limited thereto. As the vortex opening 254 is formed, the air provided to the blower tube 26 by the air supply unit 22 moves to the combustion space 300 to form a vortex to form a flame together with the fuel.

The vortex blade 255 is a portion disposed on the holder plate 251 adjacent to the vortex opening 254 . The vortex blades 255 may have a number corresponding to the number of the vortex blades 255 . The vortex blades 255 may be disposed to guide the air so that the air discharged through the vortex opening 254 rotates in the same direction, protruding from the circumference of the vortex opening 254 .

The vortex blade 255 may protrude from the circumference of the vortex opening 254 to the outside of the combustion space 300 , that is, in the opposite direction to the reference direction (D). The vortex blade 255 may be formed to be inclined in one direction with respect to the direction opposite to the reference direction (D). Specifically, when the flame holder 25 is viewed along the reference direction D, the perimeter of each of the vortex openings 254 is a clockwise edge and a counterclockwise edge extending radially from the central opening 253 . can have The plurality of vortex blades 255 protrude from the corners in a common direction among the clockwise corners or counterclockwise corners of the plurality of vortex openings 254, counterclockwise with respect to the direction opposite to the reference direction (D). It may have a shape inclined in a direction or a clockwise direction. Therefore, when the flame holder 25 is viewed along the reference direction D, the vortex wings 255 may cover at least a portion of the vortex opening 254 . In one embodiment of the present invention shown in the drawings, the plurality of vortex openings 254 protrude from the clockwise side corners, and have a shape inclined counterclockwise with respect to the direction opposite to the reference direction (D).

Due to the shape of the vortex blade 255 and the vortex opening 254 described above, the air discharged from the internal space of the blower tube 26 through the flame holder 25 is whirled along the shape of the vortex blade 255 . It can form a vortex and better create a mixed material with the atomized fuel. Accordingly, the flame is smoothly formed, and the occurrence of a lifting phenomenon in which the flame is separated from the flame holder 25 can be reduced.

A coupling hole 256 is formed in the holder plate 251 to be coupled to the holder connection portion 282 of the tube frame 28 described above. The coupling holes 256 may be formed in plurality, and the flame holder 25 may be supported in a balanced manner, and may be arranged at equal intervals and at an angle to each other based on the center of the holder plate 251 .

Air supply unit (22)

11 is an exploded perspective view illustrating parts related to the air supply unit 22 in the burner structure 20 of the water heater 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. 12 is an exploded perspective view of the air supply unit 22 of the water heater 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The air supply unit 22 is a device for pressurizing air supplied from the outside to the combustion space 300 . The air supply unit 22 generates a rotational driving force for rotating the impeller 224 and the impeller 224 for compressing air and delivering it to the blower tube 26, and a blower motor 223 for transferring it to the impeller 224. ) may be included. The air supply unit 22 includes an impeller cover 222 that can cover the impeller 224 built in the blower coupling unit 213 and a motor cover 221 that covers the blower motor 223 seated on the impeller cover 222 . ) may be included.

The motor cover 221 may be formed to accommodate the blower motor 223 therein. The motor cover 221 may be coupled and fixed to the housing 21 while the blower motor 223 is embedded therein. The motor cover 221 may include a motor built-in part 2211 in which the blower motor 223 is built, and an air inlet part 2212 which is a passage through which air is introduced from the outside. Air may be introduced into the motor built-in part 2211 from the outside through the air inlet 2212 , and the introduced air may be delivered to the impeller 224 to be pressurized to the blower tube 26 .

The blower motor 223 may include a stator 2232 , a shaft 2234 , a rotor 2233 , and a motor frame. A stator 2232 and a rotor 2233 are disposed in the motor frame, and the motor frame is coupled to the impeller cover 222 to fix the blower motor 223 with respect to other components. The stator 2232 is formed in an annular shape and may be formed in a shape in which a conductive coil is wound a plurality of times. The rotor 2233 is inserted into an opening formed open along the reference direction D at the center of the stator 2232 , and may be formed of a conductive material. When power is applied to the blower motor 223 , the rotor 2233 may rotate in the axial direction in the reference direction D by electromagnetic interaction between the stator 2232 and the rotor 2233 .

A shaft 2234 extending along the reference direction D is inserted into the center of the rotor 2233 . The shaft 2234 may be coupled to the power transmission unit 2242 of the impeller 224 to be described later, and may transmit the rotation of the rotor 2233 to the impeller 224 . That is, the impeller 224 may also rotate in the reference direction (D) in the axial direction.

The impeller cover 222 may be formed in an annular plate shape. The impeller cover 222 may be coupled to the housing 21 while covering the impeller 224 built in the blower coupling part 213 . A blower motor 223 may be coupled to an upper surface of the impeller cover 222 , and a motor cover 221 may be coupled to the impeller cover 222 . Air introduced through the motor cover 221 may be delivered to the center of the impeller 224 through a hole formed in the center of the impeller cover 222 . The shaft 2234 may be coupled to the power transmission unit 2242 of the impeller 224 through a hole formed in the center of the impeller cover 222 .

The impeller 224 compresses and blows the introduced air by rotating. Therefore, the impeller 224 may have a special shape, and may be formed in such a way that a plurality of spiral blades are disposed spaced apart from each other on the outer surface of the body formed in a gentle cone or truncated cone shape. However, the shape of the impeller 224 is not limited thereto.

The inlet of the impeller 224 is a region corresponding to the vertex of the cone or the upper surface of the truncated cone. That is, an annular hole formed between the power transmission unit 2242 formed in the center of the impeller 224 and the shroud 2241 according to an embodiment of the present invention may act as an inlet of the impeller 224 . Air introduced through the inlet of the impeller 224 is transmitted to the outlet of the impeller 224 formed in the radial direction of the impeller 224 through the space between the blades and the blades according to the rotation of the impeller 224, and compressed can be released from the state. The impeller 224 may further include a shroud 2241 covering the wings. An air passage communicating the blower coupling part 213 and the blower tube 26 may be formed in the housing 21 . The outlet of the impeller 224 blows compressed air into this air passage.

The air supply unit 22 may be controlled so that the air is sent under pressure to the blower tube 26 at a plurality of different wind speeds. The processor P may control the air providing unit 22 so that the air providing unit 22 operates in a low stage or a high stage. The processor P may control the blower motor 223 to operate in a low stage or a high stage by providing currents of different magnitudes to the blower motor 223 . At a low stage, the processor P may provide a predetermined low stage current to the blower motor 223 , and at a high stage, the processor P may provide a higher stage current greater than the low stage current to the blower motor 223 . The processor (P) may control the air supply unit 22 to operate in a low stage at the time of ignition and in a high stage after ignition.

The low stage means a state in which the blower motor 223 rotates at a low stage speed so as to provide air at a low stage wind speed that is a predetermined wind speed. The low stage speed may be determined according to the low stage air ratio of the burner structure 20 or the amount of heat generated. The high stage means a state in which the blower motor 223 rotates at a high stage speed greater than the low stage speed to provide air at a high stage wind speed greater than the low stage wind speed. Here, the low speed may be 20% to 60% of the high speed. For example, the low speed may be 1400 rpm or more and 2600 rpm or less, and the high speed may be 3000 rpm or more and 3400 rpm or less. As described above, the air supply unit 22 is controlled differently at the time of ignition and after ignition to prevent the lifting of the flame that may occur due to the wind speed of the excessively strong air during ignition, but to obtain a high amount of heat after ignition. It can provide air with strong wind speed.

13 is a graph showing the state of the air supply unit, the fuel supply unit, and the flame of the exemplary water heater on the vertical axis and time on the horizontal axis. 14 is a view showing the state of the air supply unit 22, the fuel supply unit, and the flame of the water heater 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention as the vertical axis and time as the horizontal axis. 15 is a graph showing the oxygen ratio of combustion gas according to time after ignition in an exemplary water heater and a burner of the water heater 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention as the horizontal axis and the vertical axis, respectively.

The graphs shown in FIG. 13 are respectively the flow rate of air provided by the air supply unit of the exemplary water heater (thin solid line), the state of the flame confirmed by the flame confirmation unit (thick solid line), and the flow rate of fuel provided by the fuel supply unit ( The dotted line) is plotted with time. 14 shows a graph for the same data as in FIG. 13, but differs from FIG. 13 in that it is data about the air supply unit 22 and the fuel supply unit of the water heater 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. there is The flame state means that the higher the value, the weaker the flame intensity is confirmed.

In Figure 15, the oxygen ratio (thin solid line) expressed as a percentage over time that can be confirmed in the combustion gas after ignition in the burner of the exemplary water heater, and after ignition in the burner of the water heater 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention It shows the oxygen ratio (thick solid line) over time that can be confirmed in the combustion gas. The oxygen ratio means a composition ratio of oxygen in the combustion gas generated as a combustion reaction is caused by the air and fuel provided by the air supply unit 22 and the fuel supply unit in the burner. However, the numerical value in FIG. 15 is presented for illustration, and the oxygen ratio for stable combustion of the water heater 1 is not necessarily limited to this numerical value.

The burner control method according to an embodiment of the present invention may be performed according to the control contents of the processor P to be described below.

13 and 15 , in the exemplary water heater, at the ignition time t ₁ , which is the point of P2 where a spark is generated and ignited for ignition, the air supply unit blows air to a high stage, and the ignition unit generates a spark It can be controlled by the processor. However, when such control is performed, after too much oxygen is rapidly supplied at the ignition time point (t ₁ ), in a situation where the oxygen supply amount is maintained, the proportion of gas other than oxygen in the combustion gas increases, and the composition ratio of oxygen in the combustion gas It can be seen that is continuously decreasing. In this way, when the air supplied at high speed meets the fuel and ignites, the flame may not be accurately positioned where the flame should be, causing the flame to become unstable or a misfire (extinguishment) may occur.

Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 14, the processor P of the water heater 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention controls the fuel supply unit and the ignition unit 24 to provide fuel for ignition and generate a spark, The flow rate of air provided at the air supply time (t ₂ ), which is after a predetermined delay time from the ignition time (t ₁ ), is higher than the flow rate of air provided at the ignition time (t ₁ ), which is the time when the spark is ignited. It is possible to control the air supply unit 22 so as to In other words, the processor (P) controls the air supply unit 22 to provide air to the low stage at the ignition time (t ₁ ), and to provide air to the high stage from the air supply time (t ₂ ) after a predetermined time. can do. Air can be provided to the lower stage even before sparking occurs. Therefore, in the water heater 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen ratio of the initial P1 position can be obtained. When the graph of the thick solid line in FIGS. 13 and 14 is maintained at a high position and then descends to a predetermined position at the ignition time t ₁ and is maintained, the flame does not exist before the ignition time t ₁ , It can be seen that the flame is ignited after the ignition point (t ₁ ).

The air supply time (t ₂ ) may be determined according to the oxygen ratio. Specifically, when the air-provided oxygen ratio, which is the oxygen ratio located in P3 of FIG. 15 for the first time after the ignition point (t ₁ ) is reached, it is considered that the air-supplied time point (t ₂ ) has been reached, and the processor (P) Study 22 can be controlled to operate at a high level. The air-provided oxygen ratio may be higher than the target oxygen ratio, which is an oxygen ratio that the water heater 1, located at P4, wants to finally reach. After the target oxygen ratio is reached, the processor P may control the fuel supply unit and the air supply unit 22 so that the flow rates of the provided fuel and the air are fixed.

The processor (P) experimentally obtains and stores the delay time (t ₂ -t ₁ ), which is the interval between the air supply time (t ₂ ) and the ignition time (t ₁ ) at which this air-supplied oxygen ratio can be achieved, and can be stored and used. have. However, the water heater (1) according to an embodiment of the present invention can obtain the oxygen ratio and further includes a means electrically connected to the processor (P), the oxygen ratio is monitored by the processor (P) to provide oxygen When the ratio is reached, the air supply unit 22 may be controlled to operate at a high stage.

As the air is provided with a delay from the ignition point (t ₁ ), it is possible to maintain a relatively constant oxygen ratio compared to the exemplary water heater as shown in FIG. 15 . Therefore, the situation in which the flame is blown at the ignition time (t ₁ ) or a lifting phenomenon that is not normally maintained in the flame holder 25 occurs can be reduced, and stable combustion can be achieved after ignition.

The processor P may control the fuel supply unit so that the flow rate of the provided fuel increases with the passage of time from the ignition point t ₁ . The processor P controls the fuel supply unit to start providing fuel at the fuel supply time t ₃ , which is a predetermined time before the ignition timing t ₁ , at which the ignition unit 24 is controlled to generate a spark for ignition. can do. Thereafter, the processor P may control the fuel supply unit so that the flow rate of the provided fuel increases with the passage of time from the fuel supply time t ₃ .

The processor (P) is, from the ignition point (t ₁ ) to the air supply time (t ₂ ), the first increase amount that is an increase per hour of the flow rate of the fuel provided from the air supply time (t ₂ ) per hour of the flow rate of the fuel provided The fuel supply unit may be controlled so that the second increase amount, which is the increase amount, is large. The processor (P), the relationship between the flow rate and time of the fuel provided from the ignition time point (t ₁ ) to the air supply time point (t ₂ ) and the air supply time point (t ₂ ) has a linear relationship between the flow rate and time of the fuel provided It is possible to control the fuel supply unit in such a way that it becomes a positive relationship. That is, the fuel flow rate graph in FIG. 14 may be formed linearly. Since the second increase amount is greater than the first increase amount, the slope of the fuel flow graph in FIG. 14 may increase based on the air supply time t ₂ .

As can be seen from the leftmost side of the air flow graph of FIGS. 13 and 14 , the processor (P) controls the air supply unit 22 so that when the operation of the air supply unit 22 starts, the operation starts in a high-level state. can do. In addition, the processor (P) may control the air supply unit 22 to operate in the low stage after a predetermined time from the time when the air supply unit 22 starts to operate in the high stage. If the air supply unit 22 operates in the low stage from the moment it starts to operate, the operation may not be smoothly performed.

As can be seen in FIG. 15 , when an exemplary water heater is used, the oxygen ratio rapidly increases at the ignition time (t ₁ ), and as the flow rate of the provided fuel increases, oxygen continues until the target oxygen ratio located at P4 is reached. ratio may decrease. Therefore, the combustion is not made stably, but the flame explodes explosively at the ignition point (t ₁ ), and after that, the flame is maintained unstable and may gradually find stability over time.

However, as described above, as the burner according to an embodiment of the present invention is controlled, the range of change is not large from the ignition point (t ₁ ) of P1 through P3 until reaching P4 in which the target oxygen ratio is achieved. can be Accordingly, the formation of an explosive flame at the ignition time (t ₁ ) and the air supply time (t ₂ ) may be prevented, and combustion in a form in which a stable flame is gradually strengthened may be achieved.

In the above, even though it has been described that all components constituting the embodiment of the present invention operate by being combined or combined into one, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this embodiment. That is, within the scope of the object of the present invention, all the components may operate by selectively combining one or more. In addition, terms such as "comprises", "comprises" or "have" described above mean that the corresponding component may be inherent, unless otherwise specified, excluding other components. Rather, it should be construed as being able to further include other components. All terms, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, unless otherwise defined. Terms commonly used, such as those defined in the dictionary, should be interpreted as being consistent with the contextual meaning of the related art, and are not interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal meaning unless explicitly defined in the present invention.

The above description is merely illustrative of the technical spirit of the present invention, and various modifications and variations will be possible without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Accordingly, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not intended to limit the technical spirit of the present invention, but to explain, and the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention should be construed by the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope equivalent thereto should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

1: water heater
10: case
20: burner
21: housing
22: air supply unit
23: fuel nozzle
24: ignition part
25: flame holder
26: blower tube
27: fuel pump
28: tube frame
30: combustion chamber
40 : association
50: buffalo plate
60: enclosure
70: hollow
211 combustion chamber cover
212: flame forming cover
213: blower coupling part
221: motor cover
222: impeller cover
223: blower motor
224: impeller
231: nozzle inner end
232: nozzle body
241: plug inner end
242: plug body
251: holder plate
252: holder circumference
253: central opening
254: vortex opening
255: vortex wing
256: coupling hole
261: taper part
262: straight pipe
271: fuel pressure forming part
272: fuel motor
273: fuel supply pipe
281: tube connection part
282: holder connection part
300: combustion space
2211: Motor built-in part
2212: air inlet
2231: motor frame
2232 : Stator
2233: rotor
2234: shaft
2241 : Shroud
2242: power transmission unit
2243: impeller exit
D: reference direction
P: processor

Claims (10)

a fuel supply unit provided to provide fuel for the combustion reaction;
an air supply unit provided to blow air for the combustion reaction;
an ignition unit provided to cause a spark to ignite provided fuel and air; and
a processor electrically connected to the fuel supply unit, the air supply unit, and the ignition unit;
The processor is:
The fuel supply unit and the ignition unit are controlled to provide fuel for ignition and generate a spark, and a predetermined delay time from the ignition time is later than the flow rate of air provided at the ignition time, which is the time when the spark occurs and is ignited. A burner that controls the air supply unit to increase the flow rate of the air provided at the time of air supply. According to claim 1,
The processor is
A burner for controlling the fuel supply unit so that the flow rate of the supplied fuel increases with the passage of time from the ignition point. 3. The method of claim 2,
The processor controls the fuel supply unit to start supplying fuel at a fuel supply timing that is a predetermined time before the ignition timing,
A burner for controlling the fuel supply unit so that the flow rate of the supplied fuel increases with the passage of time from the fuel supply time. 3. The method of claim 2,
The processor controls the fuel supply unit so that an increase in the flow rate of the fuel provided from the air supply time per hour is greater than the hourly increase amount of the fuel flow rate provided from the ignition time to the air supply time. 5. The method of claim 4,
The processor controls the fuel supply unit so that the relationship between the flow rate and time of the fuel provided from the ignition time to the air supply time and the relationship between the flow rate and time of the fuel provided from the air supply time become a linear relationship, burner. According to claim 1,
The fuel supply unit is provided to provide an oil-type fuel in a spraying manner, a burner. A fuel supply unit provided to provide fuel for the combustion reaction, an air supply unit provided to selectively blow air according to the intensity of any one of the low stage and the high stage, and the provided fuel and air to cause a spark to ignite a burner structure including an ignition unit;
a heat exchanger provided to heat water using heat generated by a combustion reaction generated by the burner structure; and
a processor electrically connected to the burner structure;
The processor is:
The fuel supply unit and the ignition unit are controlled to provide fuel for ignition and generate a spark, and when the spark is generated and ignited, air is provided to a low stage, and then air is supplied to a high stage after a predetermined time. A water heater that controls the provider. providing air at a predetermined flow rate;
providing fuel;
generating a spark to ignite the provided air and fuel; and
A burner control method comprising the step of starting to provide air at a flow rate greater than the predetermined flow rate at an air supply time that is a predetermined time after the spark is generated and ignited. 9. The method of claim 8,
The flow rate of the fuel provided in the step of providing the fuel increases with the passage of time, a burner control method. 10. The method of claim 9,
The step of providing the fuel comprises:
providing fuel at a flow rate increasing by a first increment per hour; and
After the air supply time, comprising the step of providing fuel at a flow rate that increases by a second increment per hour,
and the second increment is greater than the first increment.

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