KR20220073495A - Water piping system having function of hammer preventing system using dual tank - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a water shock prevention system, and more particularly, to prevent water shock with two pressure tanks, but detect when there is an abnormality in one of the pressure tanks so that it can operate independently as a normal pressure tank, and the pump of the water pipe In case of sudden stop, the water stored in the two pressure tanks is ejected at high pressure in the main flow direction of the main pipe, thereby delaying the reverse flow of the pipe water and reducing the pressure applied to the check valve to induce complete closing of the check valve, causing the check valve to slam and drain. It relates to a dual tank water pipe system that can mitigate the impact.

Description

Dual tank water piping system with pressure tank abnormality detection and slam prevention function {WATER PIPING SYSTEM HAVING FUNCTION OF HAMMER PREVENTING SYSTEM USING DUAL TANK}

The present invention relates to a water shock prevention system, and more particularly, to prevent water shock with two pressure tanks, but detect when there is an abnormality in one of the pressure tanks so that it can operate independently as a normal pressure tank, and the pump of the water pipe In case of sudden stop, the water stored in the two pressure tanks is ejected at high pressure in the main flow direction of the main pipe, thereby delaying the reverse flow of the pipe water and reducing the pressure applied to the check valve to induce complete closing of the check valve, causing the check valve to slam and drain. It relates to a dual tank water pipe system that can mitigate the impact.

In the case of a sudden stop of the pump or sudden closing of the valve in the circulation piping system for heating and cooling, water shock caused by a sudden change in flow rate/flow rate is prevented, or damage to the piping system due to the expansion/contraction of piping water in the circulation piping system is prevented. In order to prevent it, a water shock prevention device or a pressure maintenance device (or expansion tank) each including a pressure tank is provided.

Incompressible fluid and compressible gas coexist inside the pressure tank, and when expansion/contraction or water shock occurs in the piping system, the incompressible fluid inside the pressure tank is discharged to the piping system using the compressible gas, or the incompressible fluid in the piping system is transferred to the pressure tank. By introducing it into the inside, the high pressure generated in the piping system is relieved and low or negative pressure is prevented.

The capacity of the pressure tank is determined through the review of pipelines and flow analysis, and the amount of compressed gas required inside the pressure tank is also determined, but this compressed gas is not permanent, and some of it is consumed through leakage from the junction, Some are consumed by dissolving in an incompressible fluid. In addition, the volume of the compressible gas changes according to the pressure of the incompressible fluid in the piping system, which changes the level of the incompressible fluid inside the pressure tank.

The fluctuation of the water level in the pressure tank means the fluctuation of the reference pressure of the entire piping system. When the pressure rises, the equipment or piping in the piping system may be damaged. If the pressure in the piping system decreases to less than the saturated vapor pressure of the liquid, During recombination, the shock wave may damage equipment or piping. Therefore, in order to stably maintain the piping system, the pressure inside the pressure tank and the level of the incompressible fluid should be controlled so that it is always maintained in an appropriate range.

The water level control of the pressure tank is performed by filling or exhausting compressed air or a compressible gas such as nitrogen in the pressure tank. That is, as shown in FIG. 1 , a level transmitter LT is installed in the pressure tank 100 connected to the piping system, and the level of the pressure tank 100 is sensed in real time by the level transmitter LT. When the water level inside the pressure tank 100 rises, the control unit 400 opens the filling valve S1 and fills the pressure tank 100 with a compressible gas from the gas supply device 200 such as an air compressor or nitrogen generator to make it incompressible. The level of the incompressible fluid inside the pressure tank 100 is adjusted by lowering the level of the fluid to an appropriate level, and when the water level is lowered, the exhaust valve S2 is opened to exhaust the gas from the pressure tank 100 to the outside to raise the water level. is maintained in a preset appropriate range.

On the other hand, the capacity of the pressure tank 5 may vary depending on the size of the water pipe system, and when one large-capacity pressure tank is to be installed in a large-scale system, it is difficult to manufacture and transport it because the volume of the pressure tank is very large. , there is a limitation of the installation space, and when one tank is damaged or an abnormality occurs in the pressure or water level sensor, the function of the pressure tank is completely stopped, so that the system cannot be operated.

In addition, the water shock may be caused by a slam phenomenon caused by the sudden closing of the check valve. As shown in FIG. 2, the slam phenomenon occurs when the disk 4a constituting the check valve 4 is rotated and opened in the pipe water transfer direction as shown in 'A' during the operation of the pump 1, and then the pump 1 is suddenly stopped. It is abruptly closed to the 'B' position by the backflowing pipewater, and the velocity energy of the backflowing pipewater is converted into pressure energy (refer to Equation (1) below). It refers to the closing phenomenon. The shock wave caused by such a slam phenomenon may be transmitted to the main pipe 2 and the pump 1 and lead to damage to the water pipe system.

ΔH = (C/g)ΔV Formula (1)

(here, H: head, C: shock wave transmission speed according to pipe material characteristics, g: gravitational acceleration, V: fluid velocity)

In the related art, for water shock relief, as shown in FIG. 2 , water is stored in the pressure tank 100 , and when a cavity occurs in the pipe at the rear end of the pump 2 due to the sudden stop of the pump 1 , the stored By preventing the cavity with water, the method of preventing the pressure drop in the pipe and damping the shock wave caused by the backflow of the pipe water has been widely applied to alleviate the water shock. However, through the installation of the pressure tank 5, it is possible to prevent the cavitation of the pipe and to attenuate the shock wave of the backflowing pipewater to some extent, but it is not possible to completely block the backflow of the pipewater, as well as the pressure It was found that the check valve 4 was quickly closed by the water discharged from the tank 100 at a high pressure, resulting in a slam phenomenon. With this slam phenomenon, the existing piping water and the water discharged from the pressure tank 100 are combined and flow back to transmit a larger shock wave to the check valve 4, so the installation of the pressure tank 100 rather causes a water shock. appeared to occur. That is, in order to alleviate the water shock, the check valve 4 should be completely closed (slowly closed) at the last moment so that the slam phenomenon of the check valve 4 does not occur when the pipe water flows back. Due to the installation, the check valve 4 is rather quickly closed, resulting in slam and water shock. The development of a water piping system in which the check valve 4 is completely closed is required even when the pressure tank 100 is installed. to be.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1069126 Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-0868908 Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1538728

The present invention was devised to solve the problem of the conventional water pipe water shock prevention system as described above, and by installing two pressure tanks with the same capacity in parallel to operate the two pressure tanks at the same time in normal times to prevent water shock, , the purpose of this is to provide a water piping system that can prevent system operation interruption by using another pressure tank with no abnormality even in the event of damage or abnormality in one pressure tank. In addition, in a water piping system having a pressure tank for preventing water shock, when the pump is suddenly stopped, the check valve is prevented from being closed and closed by the pressure of water discharged from the pressure tank. An object of the present invention is to provide a water piping system that can be mitigated.

The present invention for achieving the object as described above, the pump; a main pipe for transferring the fluid discharged from the pump; two pressure tanks connected to the main pipe and arranged in parallel to prevent water shock and configured with the same capacity; a pressure equalization pipe connecting the upper portions of the two pressure tanks to communicate with each other; a pressure tank branch pipe connected to the lower part of each pressure tank; a pressure tank connection pipe branched from the main pipe and connected to each of the pressure tank branch pipes, the end extending into the main pipe and the end opening facing the main flow direction of the pipe water; a first three-way valve installed in the pressure equalization pipe; a second three-way valve installed at a position where each of the pressure tank branch pipes and the pressure tank connection pipe intersect; a level transmitter for detecting the water level inside each of the pressure tanks; a pressure transmitter for sensing the pressure of the gas inside each of the pressure tanks; a gas supply device connected to the lower end of the first three-way valve; an exhaust valve for exhausting gas inside each of the pressure tanks; A control unit for automatically controlling the operation of the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the gas supply device, and the exhaust valve by detecting abnormalities in the pressure tank based on the detection signals of the level transmitter and the pressure transmitter, and according to the detection result includes

Here, the control unit switches each end of the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve to an open state during the first system operation, and receives the pressure value of the gas inside the pressure tank sensed by the pressure transmitter provided in each pressure tank. Calculate the differential pressure, determine whether the differential pressure falls within the preset reference value range, and when it is determined that the differential pressure is within the reference value range, the gas supply device and The exhaust valve is controlled to control the filling and exhausting of the gas inside each pressure tank, and when the differential pressure is out of the standard value range, it is determined which pressure tank has an abnormality among both pressure tanks and determined that an abnormality has occurred in one of the pressure tanks. When this occurs, each end of the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve connected to the corresponding pressure tank are closed, and gas filling and exhaust are controlled based on the water level value detected by the level transmitter provided in the normal pressure tank.

And, the determination of the abnormality of the pressure tank is determined by whether or not the water level value of the pressure tank rapidly changes by more than a preset deviation.

In addition, the pressure tank connection pipe is bent so that the end extending into the inside of the main pipe faces the main flow direction of the pipe water, or is arranged in an oblique line.

According to the present invention as described above, by installing two pressure tanks having the same capacity in parallel and connecting them to each other by an equalization pipe, in normal times, two pressure tanks are operated simultaneously like one pressure tank to prevent water shock, Even if one pressure tank is damaged or abnormal, it has an excellent advantage in that it can prevent system operation interruption by using another pressure tank that has no abnormality. In addition, by setting the ejector so that the end opening faces the main flow direction of the piping water, the reverse flow of the piping water is delayed by the ejector effect and the pressure applied to the check valve is relatively low, so that the check valve is completely closed and shock waves and It has an excellent advantage in that the water shock caused by this is alleviated.

1 is a configuration diagram of a conventional general water pipe system;
Figure 2 is a conventional water pipe system configuration diagram for explaining the water shock caused by the check valve slam;
3 is a block diagram of a dual tank system according to the present invention;
4 is an operation flowchart of the dual tank system according to the present invention.
5 is a configuration diagram of a dual tank system according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
6 is a configuration diagram of a dual tank system according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of a dual tank system having a pressure tank abnormality detection and slam prevention function according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 3 , in the water shock prevention system using a dual tank according to the present invention, two pressure tanks 100 and 110 are connected in parallel to each other in the main pipe 2 . More specifically, the pressure tank branch pipes 6 and 7 are respectively connected to the lower portions of the two pressure tanks 100 and 110, respectively, and the pressure tank branch pipes 6 and 7 are bent horizontally and extended to the lower side. It communicates with the provided pressure tank connection pipe (5). And the pressure tank connection pipe (5) is connected to the rear end of the pump (1) of the main pipe (2). Through this configuration, after the water stored in both pressure tanks 100 and 110 is transferred through each pressure tank branch pipe 6 and 7, it can be discharged into the main pipe 2 through the pressure tank connection pipe 5. is composed

Here, the two pressure tanks 100 and 110 have the same capacity, and the upper part is configured to communicate with each other by the pressure equalization pipe 10 . The inner lower side of the pressure tanks 100 and 110 stores piping water, and the upper side is filled with a gas such as compressed air, and the water level inside the pressure tanks 10 and 110 is controlled by filling and exhausting the gas. At this time, when the upper portions of both pressure tanks 100 and 110 are communicated by the equalization pipe 10 as described above, since the pressures inside both pressure tanks 100 and 110 are maintained the same, the two pressure tanks use one pressure tank. It can work in the same way as the case. Accordingly, since two pressure tanks having a relatively small capacity need to be manufactured, transported, and installed, respectively, it is easy to manufacture and transport, and there is less restriction of the installation space than one large-capacity pressure tank. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain the same effect as operating one large-capacity pressure tank, such as combining the capacities of the two pressure tanks by connecting the two pressure tanks 100 and 110 with the pressure equalization pipe 10 . In this way, when two pressure tanks are operated simultaneously in normal times, when an abnormality occurs in one of the pressure tanks or various sensors, the operation of the abnormal pressure tank is stopped, and only the other normal pressure tank is used to operate the system.

For the simultaneous operation of the two pressure tanks 100 and 110 connected by the pressure equalization tube 10 as described above, as shown in FIG. 3 , the pressure equalization tube 10 is provided with a first three-way valve S11, and the A second three-way valve (S12) is provided at an intersection where each pressure tank branch pipe (6, 7) and the pressure tank connection pipe (5) meet.

The first three-way valve (S11) has a left end and a right end connected to the flow path of the pressure equalization tube 10 connected to the pressure tanks 100 and 110, respectively, and the lower end is a gas supply device for filling the pressure tanks 100 and 110 with gas. (200) is connected. Here, the gas supply device 200 is preferably an air compressor.

In addition, the left and right ends of the second three-way valve (S12) are connected to the pressure tank branch pipes (6, 7), respectively, and the lower ends are connected to the pressure tank connection pipe (5).

On the other hand, each of the pressure tanks 100 and 110 is provided with level transmitters LT1 and LT2 for detecting the water level and pressure transmitters PT1 and PT2 for detecting the pressure of the gas, and an exhaust valve S21 for exhausting the internal gas. , S22) is provided.

And, based on the detection signals of the level transmitters LT1 and LT2 and the pressure transmitters PT1 and PT2, the first three-way valve S11, the second three-way valve S12, the gas supply device 200 and the exhaust valve It further includes a control unit 400 for automatically controlling the operation of (S21, S22).

4 is an operation flowchart of a water shock prevention system using a dual tank according to the present invention having the configuration as described above. Hereinafter, a method of controlling the shock pants system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 4 .

First, when the first system operation starts, both ends of the first three-way valve S11 and the second three-way valve S12 are switched to an open state. Then, the pressure of the gas inside the pressure tank is sensed by the pressure transmitters PT1 and PT2 provided in each of the pressure tanks 100 and 110 . The control unit 400 calculates a differential pressure between the two sensed pressure values, and determines whether the differential pressure falls within a preset reference value range. As described above, since the pressure tanks 100 and 110 are connected by the pressure equalization pipe 10, the internal pressure is maintained almost uniformly, and there may be slight differences depending on the situation. Accordingly, when each of the pressure tanks 100 and 110 is in a normal operating state, the differential pressure is maintained within the reference value range. As such, when it is determined that the differential pressure is within the reference value range, the control unit 400 calculates an average value of two water level values sensed by the level transmitters LT1 and LT2 provided in each pressure tank 100 and 110 , and based on the calculated water level average value By controlling the gas supply device 200 and the exhaust valves (S21, S22) to control the filling and exhaust of the gas inside each pressure tank (100, 110).

On the other hand, when the differential pressure is out of the reference value range, the control unit 400 determines which pressure tank among the pressure tanks 100 and 110 has an abnormality. The abnormality determination method is based on whether the water level value does not change rapidly beyond a preset deviation. For example, when damage or cracks occur in the pressure tank and leakage of stored water or leakage of gas occurs, the water level suddenly fluctuates. Therefore, it is good to set the normal water level fluctuation deviation in advance, and if the water level fluctuation occurs outside the normal water level fluctuation deviation in a unit time (seconds or minutes), it is judged as an abnormality in the corresponding pressure tank. As such, when it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in one of the pressure tanks, the control unit closes each end of the first three-way valve S11 and the second three-way valve S12 connected to the corresponding pressure tank. Accordingly, the movement of the fluid into and out of the pressure tank determined to be abnormal is stopped, and operation of the normal pressure tank alone is possible. In this way, when operated with one pressure tank, gas filling and exhaust are controlled based on the water level value detected by the level transmitter provided in the corresponding normal pressure tank.

On the other hand, it is preferable that the check valve slam prevention function by the ejector effect is applied to the dual tank system as described above. As shown in FIG. 2 and already described above, when water is discharged from the pressure tank 100 installed to alleviate water shock when the pump 1 is suddenly stopped to the main pipe 2, the discharged water is discharged from the check valve 4 ), a shock wave is generated as the disk (4a) of the check valve (4) is rapidly closed by applying pressure to the side, and a water shock is induced. In order to prevent this phenomenon, the present invention introduces an ejector effect. Ejector refers to a kind of jet pump that can send water, steam, air, etc. under pressure from the spout at high speed to send the surrounding fluid to another place. It is also used to discharge or condense steam or water (refer to Naver Knowledge Encyclopedia Environmental Engineering Glossary).

The present invention connects the two pressure tanks 100 and 110 and the main pipe 2 using the function and structure of the ejector. More specifically, a pump (1), a check valve (4) provided on the discharge side of the pump (1), a main pipe (2) for transferring the pipe water discharged from the pump (1), and the main pipe (2) In a water piping system including two pressure tanks 100 and 110 for preventing water shock by being connected to one end, one end is connected to each of the pressure tank branch pipes 6 and 7 and the other end is a check valve ( 4) is connected to the rear end of the pressure tank connection pipe (5) is installed so that the end is extended to the inside of the main pipe (2) and the end opening is directed toward the main flow direction of the pipe water.

Referring to FIG. 5 showing a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure tank branch pipes 100 and 110 of the pressure tanks 100 and 110 are respectively connected to the upper end of the pressure tank connection pipe 5, and the pressure tank connection pipe ( The lower end of 5) is connected to the main pipe (2) and is connected to the rear end (outlet side) of the check valve (4). In addition, the pressure tank connection pipe 5 is formed to extend from the outside to the inside of the main pipe 2, and the end is bent in an elbow shape so that the opening faces the main flow direction of the pipe water.

According to this structure, when a cavity occurs at the rear end of the check valve 4 when the pump 1 is suddenly stopped, water is discharged from the pressure tanks 100 and 110 to the main pipe 2 due to a drop in pressure in the pipe, and the pressure tanks 100 and 110 ), the water stored in the pressure tanks 100 and 110 is ejected at high pressure through the pressure tank branch pipes 6 and 7 and the pressure tank connection pipe 5 by the relatively high pressure inside the pressure tanks 100 and 110, and the pressure tank connection pipe 5 Since the end of the is bent to face the main flow direction of the pipe water, the ejected water is ejected at a high pressure in the opposite direction to the check valve (4). Accordingly, when the piping water flows backward through the main pipe 2, the reverse flow piping water is pressurized (ejector effect) by the water ejected at high pressure in the opposite direction to temporarily move in the piping water main flow direction, and the piping water reverse flow. is delayed, the pressure is relatively lowered at the rear end of the check valve (4). Accordingly, since the pressure transmitted to the disk 4a of the check valve 4 is lowered, the check valve 4 is not closed relatively slowly and is closed relatively slowly, thereby preventing the slam phenomenon of the check valve 4 and having a water shock relief effect. it will come

On the other hand, according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 6, the pressure tank connection pipe 5 may be configured in the form of a straight pipe end. That is, the pressure tank connection pipe 5 may be configured in the form of a straight pipe extending into the main pipe 2 , with the extended end facing the main flow direction of the pipe water in an oblique line. In this structure as well, since the end opening of the pressure tank connection pipe 5 is arranged to face the main flow direction of the piping water, the same effect as that of the first embodiment is obtained. That is, if the end extending into the main pipe 2 of the pressure tank connection pipe 5 is disposed so that the water discharge opening faces the main flow direction of the pipe water, the structure thereof is not particularly limited.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 , it is preferable that a venturi (VT) is formed in the main pipe 2 on the rear side of the end of the pressure tanks 100 and 110 . Venturi (VT) means a tube whose cross section narrows and then widens again. When a fluid passes through a venturi (VT), the cross section narrows and the velocity of the fluid increases by Bernoulli's theorem and the pressure drops accordingly. (VT) It has the effect of sucking the fluid on the rear side, and the pressure rises as the cross section is widened again, resulting in the effect of ejecting the fluid at high pressure.

When the venturi (VT) is installed in the main pipe (2) on the rear side of the end of the pressure tank connection pipe (5) by applying the venturi (VT) effect, the water ejected through the pressure tank connection pipe (5) is discharged from the venturi (VT). ), the speed increases and the surrounding piping water is sucked due to pressure drop. The anti-slam effect of the valve 4 is maximized.

The venturi VT may be integrally formed on the inner wall of the main pipe 2 or may be configured as a separate member such as a venturi diffuser and connected to the main pipe 2 .

In the above, specific embodiments of the present invention have been described. However, the spirit and scope of the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments, and various modifications and variations are possible within the scope that does not change the gist of the present invention. Anyone who has it will understand. Therefore, since the embodiments described above are provided to fully inform those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs the scope of the invention, it should be understood that they are exemplary in all respects and not limiting, The invention is only defined by the scope of the claims.

1: Pump 2: Main pipe
100,110: pressure tank 5: pressure tank connection pipe
6,7: pressure tank branch pipe 10: equalization pipe
200: gas supply device 400: control unit

Claims (4)

with a pump;
a main pipe for transferring the fluid discharged from the pump;
two pressure tanks connected to the main pipe and arranged in parallel to prevent water shock and configured with the same capacity;
a pressure equalization pipe connecting the upper portions of the two pressure tanks to communicate with each other;
a pressure tank branch pipe connected to the lower part of each pressure tank;
a pressure tank connection pipe branched from the main pipe and connected to each of the pressure tank branch pipes, the end extending into the main pipe and the end opening facing the main flow direction of the pipe water;
a first three-way valve installed in the pressure equalization pipe;
a second three-way valve installed at a position where each of the pressure tank branch pipes and the pressure tank connection pipe intersect;
a level transmitter for detecting the water level inside each of the pressure tanks;
a pressure transmitter for sensing the pressure of the gas inside each of the pressure tanks;
a gas supply device connected to the lower end of the first three-way valve;
an exhaust valve for exhausting gas inside each of the pressure tanks;
A control unit for automatically controlling the operation of the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the gas supply device and the exhaust valve by detecting abnormalities in the pressure tank based on the detection signals of the level transmitter and the pressure transmitter, and according to the detection result A dual tank system with a pressure tank abnormality detection and slam prevention function, including: The method of claim 1,
The control unit converts both ends of the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve to an open state during the first system operation, and receives the pressure value of the gas inside the pressure tank sensed by the pressure transmitter provided in each pressure tank to increase the differential pressure Calculation, determining whether the differential pressure is within the preset reference value range, and determining that the differential pressure is within the reference value range to control the filling and exhaust of gas inside each pressure tank, and if the differential pressure is out of the reference value range, it is determined which pressure tank has an abnormality among both pressure tanks. A pressure tank abnormality characterized in that each end of the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve connected to the pressure tank are closed, and the filling and exhausting of gas are controlled based on the water level value detected by the level transmitter provided in the normal pressure tank Dual tank system with detection and anti-slam functions. 3. The method of claim 2,
A dual tank system having a pressure tank abnormality detection and slam prevention function, characterized in that the determination of abnormality in the pressure tank is determined by determining whether the water level value of the pressure tank rapidly changes by more than a preset deviation. The method of claim 1,
The pressure tank connection pipe is a dual tank system having a pressure tank abnormality detection and slam prevention function, characterized in that the end extending into the main pipe is bent to face the main flow direction of the pipe water or is disposed in an oblique line.

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