KR20220068744A - Method of forming oxide nanoparticles through double synthesis - Google Patents
Method of forming oxide nanoparticles through double synthesis Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- YZYKBQUWMPUVEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N zafuleptine Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCC(C(C)C)NCC1=CC=C(F)C=C1 YZYKBQUWMPUVEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 30
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims 15
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002096 quantum dot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G1/00—Methods of preparing compounds of metals not covered by subclasses C01B, C01C, C01D, or C01F, in general
- C01G1/02—Oxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G9/00—Compounds of zinc
- C01G9/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 이중 합성을 통한 산화 나노입자의 형성 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for forming oxidized nanoparticles through dual synthesis.
산화물 나노입자는 금속이 산소와 공유결합을 이루고 있는 무기 소재로 입자의 크기가 작아짐에 따라 마이크론 크기에서 나타나지 않는 광학적, 전기적, 기계적 등 다양한 특성들이 변화한다. 특히 산화물 반도체는 Si, GaAs 기반의 반도체 물질과 비교하면 밴드갭 (bandgap)이 넓으며 이동도가 높고 전기·광학적인 특성이 우수하여 다양한 영역에서 활용할 수 있다. 또한 용액 상태에서의 공정이 가능하여 우수한 특성을 가지면서 저렴한 과정을 통해 우수한 박막의 형성이 가능하다. 특히 Zn이 포함된 산화물 나노입자의 경우, 우수한 광학적, 전기적 특성을 가지며 발광 다이오드, 가스 센서, 평판 다이오드, 디스플레이의 전도막 등 폭넓은 응용 분야에서 연구가 진행되고 있다.Oxide nanoparticles are inorganic materials in which metal forms a covalent bond with oxygen, and as the size of the particles decreases, various properties such as optical, electrical, and mechanical that do not appear at the micron size change. In particular, oxide semiconductors have a wide bandgap compared to Si and GaAs-based semiconductor materials, have high mobility, and have excellent electrical and optical properties, so they can be used in various fields. In addition, since it is possible to process in a solution state, it is possible to form an excellent thin film through an inexpensive process with excellent properties. In particular, oxide nanoparticles containing Zn have excellent optical and electrical properties and are being studied in a wide range of applications such as light emitting diodes, gas sensors, flat panel diodes, and conductive films of displays.
본 발명은 산화물 나노입자의 제조방법을 제공하는 것이다.The present invention provides a method for producing oxide nanoparticles.
상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여,In order to achieve the above object,
본 발명은 산화물 나노입자의 합성법 중 하나인 졸-겔 방식을 반복하여 산화물 나노입자의 제조방법을 제공한다.The present invention provides a method for producing oxide nanoparticles by repeating the sol-gel method, which is one of the synthesis methods of oxide nanoparticles.
본 발명의 방법에 따르면 산화물 나노입자의 합성법 중 하나인 졸-겔 방식을 반복하여 산화물 나노입자를 형성함으로써 한정된 크기 범위를 가졌던 기존의 합성법과 다르게 보다 넓은 범위의 크기를 갖는 효과가 있다.According to the method of the present invention, by repeating the sol-gel method, which is one of the synthesis methods of oxide nanoparticles, to form oxide nanoparticles, there is an effect of having a larger size range, unlike the conventional synthesis method having a limited size range.
도 1은 UV 파장 영역에서 촬영된 합성 산화물 나노입자를 나타낸 것이다( 좌: 기존 합성, 우: 이중 합성).
도 2는 에탄올에 분산된 이중 합성 산화물 나노입자의 박막 형태를 나타낸 것이다.
도 3은 산화물 나노입자의 PL intensity 데이터를 나타낸 것이다.
도 4는 산화물 나노입자의 투과도 데이터를 나타낸 것이다.
도 5는 산화물 나노입자의 흡수도 데이터를 나타낸 것이다.
도 6은 산화물 나노입자의 밴드갭 데이터를 나타낸 것이다.
도 7은 산화물 나노입자를 사용하여 제작한 EOD 데이터를 나타낸 것이다.1 shows synthetic oxide nanoparticles photographed in the UV wavelength region (left: conventional synthesis, right: double synthesis).
Figure 2 shows the thin film form of the double synthetic oxide nanoparticles dispersed in ethanol.
3 shows PL intensity data of oxide nanoparticles.
4 shows the transmittance data of oxide nanoparticles.
5 shows the absorbance data of oxide nanoparticles.
6 shows bandgap data of oxide nanoparticles.
7 shows EOD data prepared using oxide nanoparticles.
이하, 본 발명을 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
본 발명은 산화물 나노입자의 합성법 중 하나인 졸-겔 방식을 반복하여 산화물 나노입자를 형성함으로써 한정된 크기 범위를 가졌던 기존의 합성법과 다르게 보다 넓은 범위의 크기를 갖도록 하는 것에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to forming oxide nanoparticles by repeating the sol-gel method, which is one of the synthesis methods of oxide nanoparticles, to have a larger size range, unlike the conventional synthesis method having a limited size range.
본 발명의 산화물 나노입자는 약 5 ~ 20 nm의 넓은 범위를 가지며 크기에 따라 산화물 나노입자의 에너지 밴드 등의 물성이 변화한다. 크기에 따라 형성된 산화물 나노입자는 반도체, OLEDs(Organic Light-Emitting Didoes), QLEDs(Quantum dot Light-Emitting Diodes) 등에 적용이 가능하다.The oxide nanoparticles of the present invention have a wide range of about 5 to 20 nm, and physical properties such as energy bands of the oxide nanoparticles change depending on the size. Oxide nanoparticles formed according to their size can be applied to semiconductors, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), and quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs).
본 발명은 산화물 나노입자를 제조하는 방법으로, 보다 자세하게는 졸-겔(sol-gel) 방식을 이용한 이중 합성을 통한 산화물 나노입자의 형성에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for preparing oxide nanoparticles, and more particularly, to the formation of oxide nanoparticles through dual synthesis using a sol-gel method.
구체적으로 본 발명은 산화물 나노입자의 합성법 중 하나인 졸-겔 방식을 반복하여 산화물 나노입자를 형성함으로써 한정된 크기 범위를 가졌던 기존의 합성법과 다르게 보다 넓은 범위의 크기를 갖도록 하는 것에 관한 것이다.Specifically, the present invention relates to forming oxide nanoparticles by repeating the sol-gel method, which is one of the synthesis methods of oxide nanoparticles, to have a larger size range, unlike the conventional synthesis method having a limited size range.
본 발명의 산화물 나노입자는 약 5 ~ 20 nm의 넓은 범위를 가지며 크기에 따라 산화물 나노입자의 에너지 밴드 등의 물성이 변화한다. 크기에 따라 형성된 산화물 나노입자는 반도체, OLEDs(Organic Light-Emitting Didoes), QLEDs(Quantum dot Light-Emitting Diodes) 등에 적용이 가능하다.The oxide nanoparticles of the present invention have a wide range of about 5 to 20 nm, and physical properties such as energy bands of the oxide nanoparticles change depending on the size. Oxide nanoparticles formed according to their size can be applied to semiconductors, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), and quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs).
본 발명의 산화물 나노입자는 ZnO, Zn을 포함한 산화물 나노입자를 사용하며, Zn을 포함한 산화물 나노입자의 경우, Zn1-XYXO(이때, 0<X≤0.3, Y는 Mg, Ca 등의 금속)의 구조를 갖는다. ZnO와 Zn을 포함한 산화물 나노입자의 합성 방법에 따라 다양한 크기를 형성할 수 있다.The oxide nanoparticles of the present invention use oxide nanoparticles containing ZnO and Zn, and in the case of oxide nanoparticles containing Zn, Zn1-XYXO (where 0<X≤0.3, Y is a metal such as Mg, Ca) have a structure Depending on the synthesis method of ZnO and Zn-containing oxide nanoparticles, various sizes can be formed.
본 발명의 산화물 나노입자는 졸-겔 법으로 제조되며, 용매에 분산한 형태로 스핀 코팅, 딥 코팅, 드롭 캐스팅 등의 과정을 통해 박막으로 형성할 수 있다.The oxide nanoparticles of the present invention are prepared by a sol-gel method, and in the form of dispersion in a solvent, can be formed into a thin film through processes such as spin coating, dip coating, drop casting, and the like.
산화물 나노입자의 제작은 메커니즘에 따라 물리적, 화학적, 기계적 방법으로 분류된다. 본 발명은 화학적 방법의 하나인 졸-겔 방법을 이용한 것으로 용매에 전구체가 되는 재료를 추가하여 반응시켜 산화물 나노입자를 형성한다.Production of oxide nanoparticles is classified into physical, chemical, and mechanical methods according to the mechanism. The present invention uses a sol-gel method, which is one of chemical methods, and reacts by adding a precursor material to a solvent to form oxide nanoparticles.
본 발명은 이중으로 합성하여 넓은 범위를 갖는 산화물 나노입자의 제조 방법을 제공하고자 한다.An object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing oxide nanoparticles having a wide range by double synthesis.
본 발명의 산화물 나노입자의 제조는 졸-겔법을 이용하여 형성한다. 실제 예로 ZnO의 경우를 서술한다. 첫 번째로 DMSO(dimethyl sulfoixde) 용액 안에 전구체가 되는 zinc acetate dihydrate를 용해한다. 두 번째로 TMAH (tetramethylammoniumhydroixde)를 에탄올(ethanol)을 용해하여 두 가지의 용액을 준비한다. The oxide nanoparticles of the present invention are prepared using a sol-gel method. The case of ZnO is described as an actual example. First, zinc acetate dihydrate as a precursor is dissolved in DMSO (dimethyl sulfoixde) solution. Second, prepare two solutions by dissolving tetramethylammoniumhydroixde (TMAH) in ethanol.
Zn을 포함한 산화물 나노입자의 합금은 Mg, Ca 등이 있으며 전구체가 되는 zinc acetate dihydrate와 함께 DMSO 용액에 용해한다. 합금의 농도 범위는 0 ~ 30 %까지 가능하다.The alloy of oxide nanoparticles containing Zn contains Mg and Ca, and is dissolved in DMSO solution together with zinc acetate dihydrate as a precursor. The concentration range of the alloy is possible from 0 to 30%.
준비 된 DMSO 용액에 TMAH 용액을 추가하여 투명한 용액임을 확인하고 원하는 크기의 산화물 나노입자의 제조를 위해 0 ~ 48 hr 동안 스터링(stirring)을 진행한다.TMAH solution is added to the prepared DMSO solution to confirm that it is a transparent solution, and stirring is performed for 0 to 48 hr to prepare oxide nanoparticles of a desired size.
핵 성장을 중단시키기 위해 극성이 다른 용매(예: ethyl acetate)를 추가하면 성장이 완료된 산화물 나노입자가 침전된다.When a solvent with a different polarity (eg, ethyl acetate) is added to stop nuclear growth, the grown oxide nanoparticles are precipitated.
침전된 산화물 나노입자를 원심분리하여 젤 상태로 모아둔다.The precipitated oxide nanoparticles are collected in a gel state by centrifugation.
이중 합성을 위해 합성이 완료된 산화물 나노입자를 DMSO 용액에 용해하고 TMAH가 용해된 에탄올을 준비한다. 에탄올을 DMSO 용액에 추가한 후 0 ~ 48 hr 동안 스터링을 진행한다.For double synthesis, the synthesized oxide nanoparticles are dissolved in DMSO solution, and ethanol in which TMAH is dissolved is prepared. After adding ethanol to the DMSO solution, stirring is performed for 0 to 48 hr.
합성을 종료하기 위해 극성이 다른 용매를 추가하여 산화물 나노입자를 침전시킨다.To complete the synthesis, a solvent with a different polarity is added to precipitate the oxide nanoparticles.
침전이 완료된 산화물 나노입자를 원심분리한 후 용매(ethanol, toluene 등)에 분산한다.After the precipitated oxide nanoparticles are centrifuged, they are dispersed in a solvent (ethanol, toluene, etc.).
이중 합성된 산화물 나노입자의 실시예는 (사진첨부)에 추가되어 있으며, 이는 기존의 합성 방법으로 형성된 8 nm의 ZnO와 비교하였다.An example of the double synthesized oxide nanoparticles is added (photo attached), which was compared with 8 nm ZnO formed by the conventional synthesis method.
형성된 산화물 나노입자는 기존 합성법으로 형성된 산화물 나노입자와 비교하면 투과도와 흡수도의 차이를 크게 보이지 않으나 밴드갭의 차이를 보인다. 본 발명의 한 예로 합성된 산화물 나노입자가 다양한 밴드갭을 보임에 따라 주입과 이동 특성을 고려한 산화물 나노입자의 선택을 통해 발광 다이오드의 charge balance를 조절하여 특성을 향상할 수 있다.Compared with oxide nanoparticles formed by the conventional synthesis method, the formed oxide nanoparticles do not show a significant difference in transmittance and absorbance, but show a difference in bandgap. As an example of the present invention, as synthesized oxide nanoparticles exhibit various band gaps, properties can be improved by controlling the charge balance of the light emitting diode through selection of oxide nanoparticles in consideration of injection and migration characteristics.
이제까지 본 발명에 대하여 그 바람직한 실시예들을 중심으로 살펴보았다. 본 발명이 속하는 기술 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자는 본 발명이 본 발명의 본질적인 특성에서 벗어나지 않는 범위에서 변형된 형태로 구현될 수 있음을 이해할 수 있을 것이다. 그러므로 개시된 실시예들은 한정적인 관점이 아니라 설명적인 관점에서 고려되어야 한다. 본 발명의 범위는 전술한 설명이 아니라 특히 청구범위에 나타나 있으며, 그와 동등한 범위내에 있는 모든 차이점은 본 발명에 포함된 것으로 해석되어야 할 것이다.So far, with respect to the present invention, the preferred embodiments have been looked at. Those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains will understand that the present invention can be implemented in a modified form without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments are to be considered in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense. The scope of the present invention is particularly indicated in the claims rather than the foregoing description, and all differences within an equivalent scope should be construed as being included in the present invention.
Claims (5)
TMAH(tetra methyl ammonium hydroixde)를 에탄올(ethanol) 용매에 첨가한 제2용액을 준비하는 단계(단계 A2);
제1용액 및 제2용액을 혼합하고 교반하며 아연 산화물 나노입자의 핵 성장을 유도하는 단계(단계 A3);
에틸아세테이트를 첨가하여 아연 산화물 나노입자의 핵 성장을 종료시키고, 성장이 완료된 아연 산화물 나노입자를 침전시키는 단계(단계 A4);
침전된 아연 산화물 나노입자를 원심분리하여 젤(gel) 상태로 수집하는 단계(단계 A5);
상기 단계 A5에서 수집한 아연 산화물 나노입자를 DMSO 용매에 용해시킨 제3용액을 준비하는 단계(단계 B1);
TMAH(tetra methyl ammonium hydroixde)를 에탄올(ethanol) 용매에 첨가한 제4용액을 준비하는 단계(단계 B2);
제3용액 및 제4용액을 혼합하고 교반하여 아연 산화물 나노입자의 핵 성장을 추가로 유도하는 단계(단계 B3);
에틸아세테이트를 첨가하여 아연 산화물 나노입자의 핵 성장을 종료시키고, 성장이 완료된 아연 산화물 나노입자를 침전시키는 단계(단계 B4); 및
침전된 아연 산화물 나노입자를 원심분리한 다음, 유기용매에 분산하여 보관하는 단계(단계 B5);를 포함하는,
아연 산화물 나노입자의 합성방법.
preparing a first solution in which zinc acetate dihydrate was added to dimethyl sulfoixde (DMSO) solvent (step A1);
preparing a second solution in which tetra methyl ammonium hydroixde (TMAH) was added to an ethanol solvent (step A2);
mixing and stirring the first solution and the second solution to induce nuclear growth of zinc oxide nanoparticles (step A3);
adding ethyl acetate to terminate the nuclear growth of the zinc oxide nanoparticles, and precipitating the zinc oxide nanoparticles upon which the growth is completed (step A4);
Collecting the precipitated zinc oxide nanoparticles in a gel state by centrifugation (step A5);
preparing a third solution in which the zinc oxide nanoparticles collected in step A5 were dissolved in a DMSO solvent (step B1);
preparing a fourth solution in which tetra methyl ammonium hydroixde (TMAH) was added to an ethanol solvent (step B2);
mixing and stirring the third solution and the fourth solution to further induce nuclear growth of zinc oxide nanoparticles (step B3);
adding ethyl acetate to terminate the nuclear growth of the zinc oxide nanoparticles, and precipitating the grown zinc oxide nanoparticles (step B4); and
Containing; centrifuging the precipitated zinc oxide nanoparticles, and then dispersing and storing them in an organic solvent (step B5);
A method for synthesizing zinc oxide nanoparticles.
상기 단계 A1에서 아연 산화물 나노입자의 합금 원료로서 Mg 및 Ca 중 1종 이상을 추가로 첨가하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 아연 산화물 나노입자의 합성방법.
The method of claim 1,
A method of synthesizing zinc oxide nanoparticles, characterized in that at least one of Mg and Ca is additionally added as a raw material for alloying zinc oxide nanoparticles in step A1.
상기 단계 A3의 교반 시간은 0-48시간인 것을 특징으로 하는, 아연 산화물 나노입자의 합성방법.
The method of claim 1,
The stirring time of step A3 is characterized in that 0-48 hours, the synthesis method of zinc oxide nanoparticles.
상기 단계 B3의 교반 시간은 0-48시간인 것을 특징으로 하는, 아연 산화물 나노입자의 합성방법.
The method of claim 1,
The stirring time of step B3 is a method of synthesizing zinc oxide nanoparticles, characterized in that 0-48 hours.
상기 B5의 유기용매는 에탄올 또는 톨루엔인 것을 특징으로 하는, 아연 산화물 나노입자의 합성방법.The method of claim 1,
The organic solvent of B5 is ethanol or toluene, characterized in that, the synthesis method of zinc oxide nanoparticles.
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