KR20220068129A - Ballast water treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

In accordance with an objective of the present invention, provided is a ballast water treatment apparatus capable of purifying poor quality ballast water. To achieve the objective, in accordance with the present invention, the ballast water treatment apparatus (10) for purifying circulating ballast water includes: an ultraviolet reactor (12) radiating ultraviolet rays to sterilize microorganisms included in ballast water; and a control means (17) controlling the ballast water treatment apparatus (10) through at least two driving modes which are a first mode (M1) and a second mode (M2). Target ultraviolet doses (D1, D2) to be radiated to the ballast water are set for the first and second modes, respectively, and tank retention times (T1, T2), for which the ballast water after treatment needs to be retained in a ballast water tank (2), are set on the modes, respectively, and the target ultraviolet dose (D2) of the second mode (M2) is less than the target ultraviolet dose (D1) of the first mode (M1), and the tank retention time (T2) of the second mode (M2) is longer than the tank retention time of the first mode (M1).

Description

Ballast water treatment equipment {BALLAST WATER TREATMENT APPARATUS}

The present invention relates to a ballast water treatment apparatus equipped with an ultraviolet reactor.

A vessel such as a tanker stores water, usually called ballast water, in a ballast tank in order to balance the vessel during sailing when sailing again toward a destination after unloading crude oil. In order to prevent the destruction of the ecosystem by the main drainage of ballast water, such a ship is provided with the ballast water treatment apparatus which purifies the ballast water.

As a kind of ballast water treatment apparatus, there exists a thing equipped with an ultraviolet-ray reactor, and killing microorganisms in ballast water by irradiating an ultraviolet-ray (for example, refer patent document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2014-227063

However, such a ballast water treatment apparatus secures the required amount of ultraviolet irradiation (target ultraviolet irradiation amount) to the ballast water by adjusting, for example, the output of the ultraviolet reactor, the treatment flow rate, etc. according to the quality of the water. However, the purification treatment could not be performed when the required amount of ultraviolet irradiation could not be secured even if the water quality was poor, for example, by maximizing the output of the ultraviolet reactor and reducing the treatment flow rate to the minimum.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a ballast water treatment apparatus capable of performing a purification treatment of ballast water even in a water area with poor water quality.

According to the present invention, there is provided a ballast water treatment apparatus for purifying flowing ballast water, comprising: an ultraviolet reactor that kills and treats microorganisms contained in the ballast water by irradiating ultraviolet rays; and at least two operation modes: a first mode and a second mode a control means for controlling the ballast water treatment device by a tank holding time is set, wherein the target UV irradiation amount in the second mode is less than the target UV irradiation amount in the first mode, and the tank holding time in the second mode is the above in the first mode A ballast water treatment device with a longer tank holding time is provided.

The present inventors have come to the knowledge that since the amount of ultraviolet irradiation to the ballast water is small, even if the microorganisms do not die immediately after irradiation with the ultraviolet reactor, the microorganisms irradiated with ultraviolet light gradually weaken thereafter and die while the ballast water is stored in the ballast tank. Based on it, the tank holding time corresponding to the ultraviolet irradiation amount was set, and it was made so that the stored ballast water was not discharged|emitted from the ballast tank until the said tank holding time passed. That is, according to the present invention, by setting the tank holding time to be long when the amount of UV irradiation is small, it is possible to perform purification treatment of the ballast water even when the amount of UV irradiation cannot be sufficiently secured due to, for example, poor water quality. . In addition, when a quick departure is required for the operation of a ship, it is preferable to set a mode with a short tank holding time, but even in this mode, the purification process of ballast water can be performed.

Hereinafter, various embodiment of this invention is illustrated. Embodiments shown below can be combined with each other.

Preferably, flow rate adjustment means for adjusting the treatment flow rate of the circulating ballast water, and transmittance acquisition means for acquiring the ultraviolet transmittance of the circulating ballast water are provided, wherein the ultraviolet reactor is capable of adjusting an output, and the control means, the output of the ultraviolet reactor and the amount of ultraviolet radiation to the ballast water estimated by the output of the ultraviolet reactor, the treatment flow rate of the ballast water, and the ultraviolet transmittance of the ballast water to be equal to or greater than the target ultraviolet radiation amount Controls the processing flow.

Preferably, the control means determines that the appropriate operation mode is the second mode when the ultraviolet transmittance is equal to or less than a lower transmittance that can be purified by the first mode.

1 : is a conceptual diagram which shows the form which introduce|transduced the ballast water treatment apparatus 10 by one Embodiment of this invention, and this into the ballast apparatus 1 of a ship.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the main configuration of the ballast water treatment apparatus 10 of FIG. 1 .
3 is a graph showing the relationship between the ultraviolet transmittance, the processing flow rate, and the output of the ultraviolet reactor 12 specified in each of the first mode M1 and the second mode M2.
4 is a graph showing a relationship between a tank holding time and a target UV irradiation amount.
5 is a graph showing the relationship between the UV transmittance and the target UV irradiation amount.
6 is a flowchart showing an algorithm for determining an appropriate operation mode by the ballast water treatment apparatus 10 of FIG. 1 .
7 : is a figure which shows the flow path at the time of the ballast operation of the ballast apparatus 1 of FIG.
FIG. 8 is a view showing a flow path during the ballast operation of the ballast apparatus 1 of FIG. 1 .
9 : is a figure which shows the flow path at the time of the preliminary operation of the ballast apparatus 1 of FIG.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiment of this invention is described. Various characteristics shown in the embodiments shown below can be combined with each other. In addition, an invention is established independently about each characteristic.

1. Configuration of the ballast device (1)

1 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a ballast water treatment apparatus 10 as a liquid treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is introduced into the ballast apparatus 1 of a ship. The ballast apparatus 1 of this application is equipped with the ballast tank 2 and the ballast pump 3, The ballast pump 3 performs main drainage of ballast water with respect to the ballast tank 2. In addition, the operation of injecting water into the plurality of ballast tanks 2 by introducing non-ship water such as seawater into the ship from the sea chest SC1 is a ballast operation, The operation of draining from SC2) is called deballasting operation. In addition, with respect to "ballast water" in this specification, all water introduced into a ship is "ballast water" regardless of whether it is introduced (inflow) into the ballast tank 2 or after it is discharged (outflowed) from the ballast tank 2 ' to express In addition, the ballast water introduced into the ship shall include seawater, freshwater, brackish water, and the like.

As shown in FIG. 1, the ballast apparatus 1 connects each component, and the line La - the line Le through which ballast water flows, and the on-off valve Va - the on-off valve Vf provided on these lines. ) is provided. Here, "line" is a generic term for a line through which a fluid can flow, such as a flow path, a path, and a pipeline.

When the connection relationship of each line is described in detail, the line La is a line which connects the sea chest SC1 and the ballast pump 3, and has the on-off valve Va. The line Lb and the line Lc are lines connecting the ballast pump 3 and the ballast tank 2 . Since the ballast water treatment device 10 is disposed between the ballast pump 3 and the ballast tank 2, the upstream side of the ballast water treatment device 10 is the line Lb, the downstream side of the ballast water treatment device 10. is the line Lc. The line Lb has an on-off valve Vb, and the line Lc has an on-off valve Vc and an on-off valve Vd. Lines (La) to (Lc) are collectively referred to as a ballast line.

The line Ld has one end connected to the line La at a position between the on-off valve Va and the ballast pump 3, and the other end of the line Lc on the ballast tank 2 side rather than the on-off valve Vc. ) is connected with An on-off valve Ve is installed in the line Ld. The line Ld is a line used during a deballasting operation, and is also referred to as a deballasting line. One end of the line Le is connected to the line Lc at a position between the ballast water treatment apparatus 10 and the on-off valve Vc, and the other end is connected to the outboard outlet SC2. An on-off valve Vf is installed in the line Le.

In addition, the structure of the above-mentioned ballast apparatus 1 only shows an example of the ballast apparatus which is the object which introduces the ballast water treatment apparatus 10 by this invention, The ballast water treatment apparatus 10 demonstrated below is arbitrary It is possible to apply to the ballast system of the composition of

2. Configuration of the ballast water treatment device (10)

Next, the structure of the ballast water treatment apparatus 10 is demonstrated. The ballast water treatment apparatus 10 is introduced in order to reduce the content of microorganisms and foreign matter contained in the ballast water by treating the ballast water introduced into the ship and the ballast water discharged from the inside of the ship. As shown in FIG. 1, the ballast water treatment apparatus 10 of this embodiment is provided between the ballast pump 3 and the ballast tank 2 (or ship outboard outlet SC2). Here, with respect to the flow path of the ballast water treatment apparatus 10, the connection part on the side of the ballast pump 3 connected to the line Lb is the upstream connection part P1, the ballast tank 2 side connected to the line Lc. The connecting portion is referred to as a downstream connecting portion P2.

The ballast water treatment apparatus 10 of this embodiment is equipped with the filtering apparatus 11 which filters ballast water with a filter as a purification means, and the ultraviolet-ray reactor 12 which irradiates ultraviolet-ray to the ballast water to sterilize microorganisms. do. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the ballast water treatment apparatus 10 includes a flow meter 13, an ultraviolet sensor 14, an input device 15, a transmittance acquisition means 16, and a control means 17, , a determination result output means 18 is provided. In addition, the filtration apparatus 11 can apply any known structure, and can also abbreviate|omit the filtration apparatus 11. As shown in FIG.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the ballast water treatment apparatus 10 connects each component, and the 1st line L1 - 5th line L5 which distributes ballast water, and the on-off valve V1 provided in these. to V4), and a flow control valve (FCV) as a flow control means.

The first line L1 is a line (bypass line) that bypasses the purification means (the filtering device 11 and the ultraviolet reactor 12) and connects the upstream connection P1 and the downstream connection P2, It has an on/off valve V1. The 2nd line L2 is a line which connects the 1st line L1 and the filtering device 11, and has the on-off valve V2. The 3rd line L3 is a line which connects the filtering device 11 and the ultraviolet-ray reactor 12, and has the on-off valve V3. In addition, the fourth line (L4) has one end at a position downstream from the connection position of the first line (L1) with the second line (L2), and is connected to a position on the upstream side rather than the on-off valve (V1), and the other end It is connected to the position downstream of the on-off valve V3 of this 3rd line L3. The fourth line L4 has an on/off valve V4. The fifth line L5 has one end connected to the ultraviolet reactor 12 and the other end connected to a position downstream of the on/off valve V1 of the first line L1. A flow meter 13 and a flow control valve FCV capable of adjusting the opening degree are installed in the fifth line L5 (see also FIG. 2 ).

The ultraviolet reactor 12 is configured by arranging a plurality of ultraviolet lamps 12a (refer to FIG. 2 ) inside a treatment tank (not shown). The ultraviolet-ray reactor 12 irradiates ultraviolet-ray with the ultraviolet-ray lamp 12a with respect to the ballast water which flows through the inside of a processing tank, and sterilizes microorganisms. In the ultraviolet reactor 12 of this embodiment, the intensity|strength of the ultraviolet-ray irradiated with ballast water can be adjusted by controlling the on-off and/or power supplied of each ultraviolet-ray lamp 12a.

The flow meter 13 measures the flow rate of the ballast water flowing through the ultraviolet reactor 12 . In this embodiment, although the flow meter 13 is provided in the 5th line L5, if it is on the flow path of the ballast water at the time of performing the killing process by the ultraviolet-ray reactor 12, you may provide in another position. By adjusting the opening degree of the flowmeter 13 and the flow control valve FCV mentioned above, it becomes possible to adjust the flow volume (henceforth a process flow volume) of the ballast water which flows through the ballast water treatment apparatus 10.

The ultraviolet sensor 14 is installed in the ultraviolet reactor 12, and measures the illuminance of ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet lamp 12a through ballast water.

The input device 15 is a device that receives various inputs from users such as seafarers. Examples of the input device 15 include a mouse connected to an information processing device such as a personal computer, a keyboard or a display capable of input using a touch panel, and an audio input device. However, any device can be used as long as it can accept various inputs from the user. The various inputs received from the user here are information on the current position of the vessel, information on the total amount of ballast water that needs to be stored, information on the destination (destination) of the vessel, and the time from when the vessel enters port until departure. Information, such as information on the (estimated) time from when a moored vessel departs from port to arrival at the destination.

In addition, the allowable discharge time until discharge|emitted after storing the ballast water after a process in the ballast tank 2 is computable from time from time until the ship in anchoring departs from a sailing destination. Therefore, the input device 15 of this embodiment is an allowable discharge time acquisition means for acquiring the allowable discharge time from storing the ballast water after treatment by the ultraviolet reactor 12 in the ballast tank 2 to discharging it. function In addition, on the other hand, if the sailing time to the next port is long, the permissible discharge time has little effect. On the other hand, if the sailing time to the next port is short, the ballast water can be discharged and unloaded from the port in relation to the tank holding time described later. It is important because there is no problem. The input device 15 is suitably installed in a ballast controller that controls the operation of the ballast device 1 .

The transmittance acquisition means 16 acquires the ultraviolet transmittance of the ballast water flowing through the ultraviolet reactor 12 . In this embodiment, the transmittance|permeability acquisition means 16 is a transmittance|permeability measuring sensor which can measure the ultraviolet transmittance of ballast water. It is not necessary to provide a transmittance|permeability measurement sensor on the flow path of the ballast water in the ballast water treatment apparatus 10, and it is provided in the arbitrary position where introduction of the seawater in a ship is easy.

The control means 17 controls the opening and closing of the on-off valves Va-Vf, the on-off valves V1-V4, and the flow control valve FCV described above, whereby the ballast water circulating in the ballast water treatment device 10 is Adjust the flow rate (process flow rate). Further, the control means 17 controls the output of the ultraviolet reactor 12 (the output of the ultraviolet lamp 12a).

The control means 17 is specifically provided with the information acquisition part 70, the memory|storage part 71, the determination part 72, and the operation|movement control part 73, as shown in FIG.

The information acquisition unit 70 acquires the flow rate of the ballast water flowing from the flow meter 13 , acquires various inputs from the source inputted to the input device 15 , and receives the ultraviolet rays of the ballast water from the transmittance acquisition means 16 . The transmittance is obtained.

The storage unit 71 has a function of storing various data. The storage unit 71 stores a processing flow rate defined for each ultraviolet transmittance in each of the first mode M1 and the second mode M2, which will be described later. In addition, the storage unit 71 stores the target ultraviolet irradiation amount D1 of the first mode M1 and the target ultraviolet irradiation amount D2 of the second mode M2. In addition, the storage unit 71 stores a tank holding time T1 in the first mode M1 and a tank holding time T2 in the second mode M2, which will be described later.

The determination unit 72 determines an appropriate operation mode from the information acquired by the information acquisition unit 70 and the information stored in the storage unit 71 .

The operation control unit 73 controls the opening degree of the flow control valve FCV and the intensity of the ultraviolet lamp 12a of the ultraviolet reactor 12 in the first mode M1 or the second mode M2.

In addition, the control means 17 of the said structure can be specifically comprised by the information processing apparatus provided with a CPU, a memory (for example, flash memory), an input part, and an output part, for example. And the processing by each of the above-mentioned components of the control means 17 constituted by the information processing apparatus is performed by the CPU reading and executing the program stored in the memory. As the information processing apparatus, for example, a personal computer, a programmable logic controller (PLC), or a microcomputer is used. However, you may configure so that some functions of the control means 17 may be performed on the cloud connected by arbitrary communication means.

And the control means 17 of the said structure is comprised so that the ultraviolet-ray irradiation amount with respect to the circulating ballast water may be adjusted by controlling the processing flow rate of the ballast water and the output of the ultraviolet-ray reactor 12. FIG. The ultraviolet irradiation amount is the output of the ultraviolet reactor 12 , the treated flow rate of the ballast water measured by the flow meter 13 adjusted by control of the flow control valve FCV, and the ballast acquired by the transmittance acquisition means 16 . It is the amount of ultraviolet ray irradiation to the ballast water per unit flow rate estimated based on the ultraviolet transmittance of water.

Specifically, when the output of the ultraviolet reactor 12 is high, the amount of ultraviolet irradiation increases, and when the output of the ultraviolet reactor 12 is low, the amount of ultraviolet irradiation decreases. Moreover, when there is much processing flow rate, the ultraviolet irradiation amount will decrease, and when there is little processing flow rate, the ultraviolet irradiation amount will increase. Moreover, when the ultraviolet transmittance of ballast water is high, the ultraviolet irradiation amount will increase, and when the ultraviolet transmittance of ballast water is low, the ultraviolet irradiation amount will decrease. In summary, the UV irradiation amount is proportional to the output of the UV reactor 12 and the UV transmittance of the ballast water, and is inversely proportional to the flow rate of the ballast water. In addition, when this is formulated, the amount of ultraviolet irradiation = k x the output of the ultraviolet ray reactor x the ultraviolet transmittance / the processing flow rate (however, k is an integer).

The determination result output means 18 is for presenting the appropriate operation mode determined by the determination part 72 of the control means 17 to a user. As the determination result output means 18, a display device, such as a display, is used, for example. When the input device 15 has a display, it is also suitable to share it.

3. Operation of the ballast water treatment device (10)

In the ballast water treatment apparatus 10 of this embodiment, the control means 17 is equipped with two operation modes of 1st mode M1 and 2nd mode M2. When the ballast water treatment device 10 performs a purification treatment of ballast water performed in the ballast operation, the control means 17 first determines an appropriate operation mode by the mode determination step and then selects the determined operation mode, thereby performing a purification process this is executed

In the present embodiment, target ultraviolet irradiation doses D1 and D2 are set in the first mode M1 and the second mode M2, respectively. In each operation mode, the treatment flow rate of the ballast water and the output of the ultraviolet reactor 12 are set according to the ultraviolet transmittance (for each ultraviolet transmittance) so that the ultraviolet irradiation amount is equal to or greater than the target ultraviolet irradiation amounts D1 and D2 (see Fig. 3) . Moreover, tank holding times T1 and T2 which are the time required to hold|maintain the ballast water after a process in the ballast tank 2 are set in 1st mode M1 and 2nd mode M2, respectively.

The target ultraviolet irradiation doses D1 and D2 are the ultraviolet irradiation doses required (minimum) in order to kill microorganisms in ballast water reliably by ultraviolet irradiation. The control means 17 of this embodiment controls the output of the ultraviolet-ray reactor 12 and the processing flow rate of the ballast water so that an ultraviolet-ray irradiation amount becomes the target ultraviolet-ray irradiation amount D1, D2 or more in each operation mode. Specifically, for example, as shown in the graph of FIG. 3 , the control means 17 increases the treatment flow rate in order to shorten the purification treatment time when the water quality is good and the ultraviolet transmittance of the ballast water is high in each operation mode. . In addition, when the UV transmittance is high and even if the processing flow rate is maximized, when the target UV irradiation doses D1 and D2 are exceeded (in the graph, when the UV transmittance is greater than or equal to the predetermined value Ux), the output of the UV reactor 12 is suppressed. reduce the amount of power On the other hand, the control means 17 increases the output of the ultraviolet reactor 12 when the water quality is poor and the ultraviolet transmittance of the ballast water is low. In addition, when the UV transmittance is high and even when the output of the UV reactor 12 is maximized, the target UV irradiation doses D1 and D2 are lower than the target UV radiation doses (in the graph, the UV transmittance is below the predetermined value Ux), by suppressing the processing flow rate. UV irradiation doses (D1, D2) are maintained.

In addition, the graph of FIG. 3 only exemplifies the change of the processing flow rate and the output of the ultraviolet reactor 12 according to the ultraviolet transmittance in each operation mode, and the numerical value itself shown by the graph does not have meaning. For example, the predetermined value Ux (position at which the graph is bent) of the ultraviolet irradiation amount may be different from the first mode M1 and the second mode M2.

On the other hand, the tank holding times T1 and T2 are focused on the fact that the surviving microorganisms contained in the ballast water after the purification treatment stored in the ballast tank 2 gradually weaken and die while being stored in the ballast tank 2 . This is the set time. By not discharging the stored ballast water from the ballast tank 2 until the tank holding times T1 and T2 have elapsed, it becomes possible to discharge the ballast water in the ballast tank 2 in a state in which microorganisms are killed.

And the target ultraviolet irradiation amounts D1, D2 and tank holding time T1, T2 of each operation mode of this embodiment are set so that it may become the relationship shown in the graph of FIG. That is, in the present embodiment, the target ultraviolet irradiation amount D2 in the second mode M2 is less than the target ultraviolet irradiation amount D1 in the first mode M1, and the tank holding time T2 in the second mode M2. ) is longer than the tank holding time T1 in the first mode M1 (D1>D2, T1<T2). As shown in FIG. 4, as the (target) UV irradiation amount increases, the tank holding time is completed short because the microorganisms die soon, and if the (target) UV irradiation amount is small, it takes time until the microorganisms die. It is based on the knowledge that it is necessary to take a long time.

In this embodiment, the maximum output and minimum processing flow rate of the ultraviolet reactor 12 in the first mode M1 and the maximum output and minimum processing flow rate in the second mode M2 are respectively same. 5, the target ultraviolet irradiation amount D2 of the second mode M2 is set lower than the target ultraviolet irradiation amount D1 of the first mode M1. Therefore, as described above, since the ultraviolet irradiation amount is proportional to the ultraviolet transmittance of the ballast water, it is higher than the lower limit transmittance U1 of the ballast water that can be purified in the first mode M1 in the second mode (M2). The lower limit transmittance (U2) side of the ballast water becomes smaller. That is, when compared with the 1st mode M1, the 2nd mode M2 side has worse water quality, and it is possible to perform a purification process even if it is ballast water with a low ultraviolet transmittance.

<Mode judgment process>

Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 6, an example of the algorithm of the mode determination process which determines an appropriate operation mode is demonstrated. The mode determination process is started at the timing when a crew member etc. requested|required a mode determination, or the timing when a ship entered a port.

In the mode determination process, first, the information acquisition part 70 of the control means 17 acquires the ultraviolet transmittance of the ballast water taken in from the transmittance|permeability acquisition means 16 in step S1. The determination unit 72 determines whether the acquired ultraviolet transmittance is less than the lower limit transmittance U2 (refer to FIG. 5) of the second mode M2. If the ultraviolet transmittance is less than the lower limit transmittance U2 of the second mode M2, the determination unit 72 determines that the purification treatment cannot be performed in either operation mode because the water quality is too bad, and the determination result output means 18 Notifies the user of that effect. If the ultraviolet transmittance is not less than the lower limit transmittance U2 of the second mode M2, the process proceeds to the next step S2.

Next, in step S2, the determination unit 72 determines whether the acquired ultraviolet transmittance is less than the lower limit transmittance U1 (refer to FIG. 5) of the ultraviolet transmittance that can be purified in the first mode M1. If the ultraviolet transmittance is less than the lower limit transmittance U1 of the first mode M1, the determination unit 72 cannot operate in the first mode M1 (refer to FIG. 5). Therefore, the appropriate operation mode is the second mode M2. judgment, and the mode judgment process is finished. If the ultraviolet transmittance is not less than the lower limit transmittance U1 of the first mode M1, the process proceeds to the next step S3.

Next, the information acquisition part 70 acquires the allowable discharge time input into the input device 15 in step S3. Further, the information acquisition unit 70 reads the tank holding time T2 in the second mode M2 (which is longer than the tank holding time T1 in the first mode M1) from the storage unit 71 . When the allowable discharge time is less than the tank holding time T2 in the second mode M2, that is, in the second mode M2, when it is necessary to maintain the ballast water exceeding the allowable discharge time, appropriate It is determined that the operation mode is the first mode M1 in which the tank holding time is short, and the mode determination process is ended.

In step S3, if the allowable discharge time is longer than the tank holding time T2 in the second mode M2, the operation is possible in any operation mode, so other conditions (for example, power consumption in each operation mode) etc.), an appropriate mode is determined, and the mode determination process is ended. In addition, in step S3, when the allowable discharge time is longer than the tank holding time T2 of the second mode M2, the determination result output means 18 notifies that the operation is possible in any operation mode. You may make it complete the determination process.

After the appropriate operation mode is determined by the steps S1 to S3 of the above-described mode determination process, the control means 17 presents the determined appropriate operation mode to the user such as a sailor by the determination result output means 18 . The user selects in which operation mode to actually perform the ballast operation with reference to the determination result presented to the determination result output means 18, and inputs the operation mode to be executed by the input device 15 . The operation control unit 73 of the control means 17 starts the purification process (ballast operation) shown below according to the input operation mode. In addition, without displaying the determined appropriate operation mode on the determination result output means 18, you may configure so that the determined operation mode may be automatically selected and a ballast operation may be started.

<Purification process>

Next, the purification process according to the determined operation mode will be described. In addition, although each operation of the purification process is controlled by the control means 17, it is also possible to manually perform some or all of the operations by a source.

7 : is a figure which shows the flow path of the ballast water at the time of the ballast operation|movement by the ballast apparatus 1. As shown in FIG. Lines La to Lc indicated by thick lines are flow paths through which the ballast water flows, and during this operation, the on-off valves Va-Vd of the ballast device 1 are opened, and the other on-off valves Ve, Vf ) is closed. At this time, in the ballast water treatment device 10, the operation control unit 73 of the control means 17 opens the on-off valves V2 and V3 and the flow control valve FCV, and the on-off valves V1 and V4 Control to close. Accordingly, the ballast water flows through a part of the first line (L1), the second line (L2), the third line (L3), and the fifth line (L5), and the filtration device 11 and the ultraviolet reactor 12 ) is distributed. At this time, the operation control unit 73 also outputs a start command for the filtering device 11 and the ultraviolet reactor 12 . The operation control unit 73 controls the opening degree of the flow control valve FCV and the intensity of the ultraviolet lamp 12a so that the treated flow rate of the ballast water and the ultraviolet irradiation amount of the ballast water are the values specified in the operation mode selected in the mode determination process. adjust as much as possible. By such control, the ballast water is purified by flowing through the filter device 11 and the ultraviolet reactor 12 , and is stored in the ballast tank 2 .

In addition, FIG. 8 is a figure which shows the flow path at the time of the deballasting operation|movement of the ballast apparatus 1. As shown in FIG. Part of line La, line Lb, part of line Lc, line Ld, and line Le, indicated by thick lines, are flow paths through which ballast water flows during deballasting operation, and open/close during this operation The valves Vb and Vd to Vf are opened, and the other on-off valves Va and Vc are closed. At this time, in the ballast water treatment apparatus 10, the operation control unit 73 of the control means 17 opens the on-off valve V4 and the flow rate control valve FCV, and closes the on-off valves V1 to V3. control Accordingly, the ballast water flows through a part of the first line (L1), the fourth line (L4), a part of the third line (L3), and the fifth line (L5), and bypasses the filtration device (11). and only the ultraviolet reactor 12 is circulated. In addition, the operation control unit 73 also outputs a start command of the ultraviolet reactor 12 . By distributing the ballast water stored in the ballast tank 2 to the ultraviolet reactor 12, it becomes possible to purify microorganisms and foreign substances that have propagated during storage. In addition, the reason that the filtration process by the filtration apparatus 11 is not performed to the ballast water discharged|emitted to the outside of a ship is because the ballast water in the ballast tank 2 is performing a filtration process once at the time of a ballast operation.

4. action effect

As mentioned above, in the ballast water treatment apparatus 10 of this embodiment, the control means 17 is equipped with the 1st mode M1 and the 2nd mode M2, In each operation mode, the target ultraviolet irradiation amount D1, D2. and tank holding times T1 and T2 are set, the target UV dose D2 in the second mode M2 is less than the target UV dose D1 in the first mode M1, and the second mode M2 The tank holding time T2 is set longer than the tank holding time T1 of the first mode M1. With such a configuration, it is not possible to secure the UV irradiation dose exceeding the target UV dose D1 due to poor water quality, etc., and even when the purification treatment cannot be performed in the first mode M1, the target UV dose D2 is low. It is possible to perform the purification process by using the second mode M2. In the second mode M2, the ballast water stored in the ballast tank 2 cannot be discharged until the tank holding time T2 has elapsed. It is not necessary to consider the influence by the inability to discharge ballast water.

Moreover, in the ballast water treatment apparatus 10 of this embodiment, the control means 17 is equipped with the mode determination process, The ultraviolet transmittance of the ballast water taken in from the transmittance|permeability acquisition means 16, and input to the input device 15 It has become possible to determine an appropriate operation mode by acquiring the allowed discharge time.

5. Variants

In addition, this invention can be implemented also with the following embodiment.

In the above embodiment, as the transmittance acquisition means 16 for obtaining the transmittance of the ballast water, a transmittance measuring sensor disposed at a location different from that of the ultraviolet reactor 12 was used. However, instead of installing a transmittance measuring sensor as the transmittance acquisition means 16, the control means 17 calculates the ultraviolet transmittance in the preliminary operation (refer to Fig. 9) in which the ballast water is discharged without being stored in the ballast tank 2 It is also possible to do Specifically, in the preliminary operation, the ultraviolet lamp 12a is turned on and the intensity of the ultraviolet lamp 12a is measured by the ultraviolet sensor 14 . This makes it possible for the control means 17 to calculate the ultraviolet transmittance from the intensity of the ultraviolet lamp 12a and the illuminance of the ultraviolet light measured by the ultraviolet sensor 14 .

In the said embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the mode determination process had three steps of step S1 - step S3. However, the mode determination process does not need to have one or more of these steps (S1) - (S3). The above-described mode determination step is merely an example of an algorithm for automatically determining an operation mode, and other algorithms may be used as the algorithm for determining an appropriate operation mode. In addition, the control means 17 may have a structure which does not perform a mode determination process. That is, the present invention relates to the relationship between the tank holding time and the target UV irradiation amount shown by the control means 17 in FIG. 4 (that is, in the operation mode with a large target UV dose, the tank holding time is short, and in the operating mode with a small target UV dose) It is sufficient to have a plurality of operation modes having a long tank holding time), and it is also possible to have a user such as a seafarer manually select an appropriate operation mode from the plurality of operation modes according to the ultraviolet transmittance.

In the above embodiment, the control means 17 has two operation modes, a first mode M1 and a second mode M2. However, the control means 17 may have three or more operation modes. However, in two or more operation modes among the three or more operation modes, the target ultraviolet irradiation amount and the tank holding time are set, and it is assumed that the tank holding time and the target ultraviolet irradiation amount have a relationship as shown in FIG. 4 . For operation modes other than the above two or more operation modes, the relationship between the target UV irradiation amount and the tank holding time may not be satisfied.

Although the above-mentioned embodiment does not stipulate the water area when the ballast water is introduced, it is also suitable to set the target UV irradiation amount and tank holding time in each operation mode to be different, for example, in seawater, brackish water, and freshwater. In this case, since microorganisms in freshwater are generally more resistant to UV rays than microorganisms in seawater, for example, when introducing ballast water in freshwater, increase the target UV irradiation amount and/or reduce the tank holding time. It is long, and when introducing ballast water in seawater, it is suitable to reduce the target ultraviolet irradiation amount and/or shorten the tank holding time.

In the above embodiment, the output of the ultraviolet reactor 12 as the ultraviolet irradiation amount to the ballast water, the treatment flow rate of the ballast water adjusted by the control of the flow control valve FCV and measured by the flow meter 13, and the transmittance acquisition means A value estimated based on the ultraviolet transmittance of the ballast water obtained by (16) was used. However, instead of this, from the flow rate of the ballast water measured by the flowmeter 13, and the illuminance of the ultraviolet-ray measured by the ultraviolet-ray sensor 14, it is good also considering the irradiation amount of ultraviolet-ray per unit flow_rate, and calculating this as an ultraviolet-ray irradiation amount.

1: Ballast unit 2: Ballast tank
3: ballast pump 10: ballast water treatment device
11: filtration device 12: ultraviolet reactor
12a: UV lamp 13: flow meter
14: ultraviolet sensor 15: input device
16: transmittance acquisition means 17: control means
18: judgment result output means 70: information acquisition unit
71: storage unit 72: judgment unit
73: operation control unit D1, D2: target UV irradiation amount
FCV: flow control valves L1 to L5: line
La~Le: line M1: first mode
M2: second mode P1: upstream side connection
P2: downstream side connection S1 to S3: step
SC1: Sea chest SC2: Outboard outlet
T1, T2: tank holding time U1, U2: lower limit permeability
Ux: predetermined value V1 to V4: on/off valve
Va~Vf: on-off valve

Claims (3)

A ballast water treatment device that purifies and treats circulating ballast water,
An ultraviolet reactor that kills and treats microorganisms included in the ballast water by irradiating ultraviolet rays;
control means for controlling the ballast water treatment device by at least two operation modes, a first mode and a second mode;
In the first mode and the second mode, a target UV irradiation amount to be irradiated to the ballast water and a tank holding time, which is a time required to keep the ballast water after treatment, are set in the ballast tank,
The target ultraviolet irradiation amount in the second mode is less than the target ultraviolet irradiation amount in the first mode, and the tank holding time in the second mode is longer than the tank holding time in the first mode. The method of claim 1,
flow rate adjustment means for adjusting the treatment flow rate of the circulating ballast water;
Transmittance acquisition means for acquiring the ultraviolet transmittance of the circulating ballast water,
the UV reactor is adjustable in output,
The control means includes the output of the ultraviolet reactor and the ballast so that the amount of ultraviolet irradiation to the ballast water estimated by the output of the ultraviolet reactor, the treatment flow rate of the ballast water, and the ultraviolet transmittance of the ballast water is equal to or greater than the target ultraviolet irradiation amount. A ballast water treatment device that controls the treatment flow of water. 3. The method of claim 2,
The control means determines that the appropriate operation mode is the second mode when the ultraviolet transmittance is less than or equal to a lower transmittance that can be purified by the first mode.

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