KR20220052980A - Secondary batteries and devices comprising secondary batteries - Google Patents
Secondary batteries and devices comprising secondary batteries Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20220052980A KR20220052980A KR1020227009816A KR20227009816A KR20220052980A KR 20220052980 A KR20220052980 A KR 20220052980A KR 1020227009816 A KR1020227009816 A KR 1020227009816A KR 20227009816 A KR20227009816 A KR 20227009816A KR 20220052980 A KR20220052980 A KR 20220052980A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- secondary battery
- additive
- electrolyte
- mass ratio
- organic solvent
- Prior art date
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- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- QJMMCGKXBZVAEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphate Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OP(=O)(O[Si](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C QJMMCGKXBZVAEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- -1 R 42 Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Si] Chemical compound [O].[Si] OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido-oxo-(oxomanganiooxy)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Mn](=O)O[Mn]=O VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000572 Lithium Nickel Cobalt Manganese Oxide (NCM) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002009 alkene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001924 cycloalkanes Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VNLMVEHAAAAZPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(triethylsilyl) phosphate Chemical compound CC[Si](CC)(CC)OP(=O)(O[Si](CC)(CC)CC)O[Si](CC)(CC)CC VNLMVEHAAAAZPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XCGWLSWJFSFGKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris[ethenyl(dimethyl)silyl] phosphate Chemical compound C=C[Si](C)(C)OP(=O)(O[Si](C)(C)C=C)O[Si](C)(C)C=C XCGWLSWJFSFGKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZPFAVCIQZKRBGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)OCCO1 ZPFAVCIQZKRBGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Propane sultone Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCO1 FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IFDLFCDWOFLKEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutylbenzene Chemical compound CCC(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 IFDLFCDWOFLKEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UMVBXBACMIOFDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[Si] Chemical compound [N].[Si] UMVBXBACMIOFDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ILXAVRFGLBYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium;manganese(2+);phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Mn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O ILXAVRFGLBYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxonickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni]=O URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002153 silicon-carbon composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PFYQFCKUASLJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni].[Li] Chemical compound [Co].[Ni].[Li] PFYQFCKUASLJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- SYRDSFGUUQPYOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]B([O-])[O-].FC(=O)C(F)=O Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]B([O-])[O-].FC(=O)C(F)=O SYRDSFGUUQPYOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- DVATZODUVBMYHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium;iron(2+);manganese(2+);phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Mn+2].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O DVATZODUVBMYHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 36
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006259 organic additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum lithium cobalt(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Co++].[Ni++] NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002961 polybutylene succinate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004631 polybutylene succinate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- YZYKZHPNRDIPFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(trimethylsilyl) borate Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OB(O[Si](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C YZYKZHPNRDIPFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910015872 LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012258 LiPO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SSBFISCARUPWGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].C(C(=O)F)(=O)F Chemical compound [Li].C(C(=O)F)(=O)F SSBFISCARUPWGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEERNBBWTNUCAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].N#[N+][O-] Chemical compound [Si].N#[N+][O-] QEERNBBWTNUCAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000398 iron phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000009916 joint effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NPWKAIACYUAHML-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [Li+].[O-2].[Ni+2] NPWKAIACYUAHML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011871 silicon-based negative electrode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009461 vacuum packaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
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- C07D307/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D307/56—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D307/60—Two oxygen atoms, e.g. succinic anhydride
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D309/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07D313/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings of more than six members having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
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- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
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- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
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Abstract
본 출원은 이차 배터리 및 이차 배터리를 포함하는 장치를 제공한다. 이차 배터리는 음극판 및 전해액을 포함하며, 상기 음극판은 음극 활물질을 포함하고, 상기 전해액은 전해질염, 유기 용매 및 첨가제를 포함하며; 여기서, 상기 음극 활물질은 실리콘계 물질을 포함하며; 유기 용매는 에틸렌 카보네이트(EC) 및 디에틸 카보네이트(DEC)를 포함하고, 유기 용매 중 에틸렌 카보네이트(EC)의 질량비는 20%이하이고, 유기 용매 중 디에틸 카보네이트(DEC)의 질량비는 20%이하이며; 첨가제는 첨가제 A 및 첨가제 B를 포함하며; 첨가제 A는 하기 식 1 및 식 2로 표시되는 화합물 중 하나 이상에서 선택되며; 첨가제 B는 하기 식 3으로 표시되는 화합물 중 하나 이상에서 선택된다. 본 출원의 이차 배터리 및 이차 배터리를 포함하는 장치는 높은 에너지 밀도의 전제 하에서 우수한 고온 사이클 성능, 고온 저장 성능 및 낮은 직류 저항을 동시에 고려할 수 있다.
식1, 식2
식3The present application provides a secondary battery and a device including the secondary battery. the secondary battery includes a negative electrode plate and an electrolyte, the negative electrode plate includes an anode active material, and the electrolyte includes an electrolyte salt, an organic solvent and an additive; Here, the negative active material includes a silicon-based material; The organic solvent includes ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC), the mass ratio of ethylene carbonate (EC) in the organic solvent is 20% or less, and the mass ratio of diethyl carbonate (DEC) in the organic solvent is 20% or less is; Additives include Additive A and Additive B; Additive A is selected from one or more of the compounds represented by the following formulas 1 and 2; Additive B is selected from one or more of the compounds represented by the following formula (3). The secondary battery of the present application and the device including the secondary battery may simultaneously consider excellent high-temperature cycle performance, high-temperature storage performance, and low DC resistance under the premise of high energy density.
Equation 1, Expression 2
Expression 3
Description
본 출원은 배터리 기술 분야와 관련되며, 특히 이차 배터리 및 이차 배터리를 포함하는 장치에 관한 것이다.This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more particularly to secondary batteries and devices including secondary batteries.
화석 에너지의 고갈이 증가하고 환경 오염에 대한 압력이 증가함에 따라 자동차 산업은 이를 구동하기 위한 새로운 유형의 에너지가 시급히 요구되고 있다. 이차 배터리는 높은 에너지 밀도, 무기억 효과 및 높은 작동 전압으로 인해 현재 신에너지 자동차의 동력 공급 장치로 1순위 선택으로 두각을 나타내고 있다. 그러나 전자 제품의 시장 수요가 확대되고 동력 및 에너지 저장 장치의 발달로 이차 배터리에 대한 사람들의 요구가 지속적으로 증가하고 있어 에너지 밀도가 높은 이차 배터리의 개발이 최우선 과제가 되었다.As the depletion of fossil energy increases and the pressure on environmental pollution increases, the automobile industry is urgently in need of new types of energy to drive it. Secondary batteries are currently emerging as the first choice as the power supply for new energy vehicles due to their high energy density, memory effect, and high operating voltage. However, as the market demand for electronic products expands and people's demands for secondary batteries continue to increase due to the development of power and energy storage devices, the development of secondary batteries with high energy density has become a top priority.
이차 배터리의 음극 활물질로 비용량이 큰 실리콘계 물질을 사용하면 이차 배터리의 에너지 밀도를 효과적으로 향상시킬 수 있지만, 충방전 사이클 과정에서, Li-Si 합금의 가역적 생성 및 분해는 100% 이상의 부피 변화를 동반하여 이차 배터리의 전기 화학적 성능이 급격히 저하된다.When a silicon-based material with a high specific capacity is used as the negative active material of a secondary battery, the energy density of the secondary battery can be effectively improved, but during the charge/discharge cycle, the reversible generation and decomposition of the Li-Si alloy is accompanied by a volume change of 100% or more. The electrochemical performance of the secondary battery is rapidly deteriorated.
배경기술에 존재하는 문제점을 고려하여, 본 출원은 더 높은 에너지 밀도를 전제로 우수한 고온 사이클 성능, 고온 저장 성능 및 낮은 직류 내부 저항을 동시에 고려할 수 있는 이차 배터리 및 이차 배터리를 포함하는 장치를 제공한다.In consideration of the problems existing in the background, the present application provides a secondary battery capable of simultaneously considering excellent high-temperature cycle performance, high-temperature storage performance, and low DC internal resistance on the premise of a higher energy density, and a device including the secondary battery .
상기 목적을 달성하기위해, 본 출원의 제1 측면은 이차 배터리를 제공하며, 상기 이차 배터리는 음극판 및 전해액을 포함하며, 상기 음극판은 음극 집전체 및 음극 집전체의 적어도 일면에 구비되고 음극 활물질을 포함하는 음극 필름을 포함하고, 상기 전해액은 전해질염, 유기 용매 및 첨가제를 포함하며; 여기서, 상기 음극 활물질은 실리콘계 물질을 포함하며; 상기 유기 용매는 에틸렌 카보네이트(EC) 및 디에틸 카보네이트(DEC)를 포함하고, 상기 유기 용매 중 상기 에틸렌 카보네이트(EC)의 질량비는 20%이하이고, 상기 유기 용매 중 상기 디에틸 카보네이트(DEC)의 질량비는 20%이하이며; 상기 첨가제는 첨가제 A 및 첨가제 B를 포함하며; 상기 첨가제 A는 하기 식 1 및 식 2로 표시되는 화합물 중 하나 이상에서 선택되며;In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present application provides a secondary battery, wherein the secondary battery includes a negative electrode plate and an electrolyte, wherein the negative electrode plate is provided on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector and includes a negative electrode active material a negative electrode film comprising: the electrolyte comprising an electrolyte salt, an organic solvent and an additive; Here, the negative active material includes a silicon-based material; The organic solvent includes ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC), the mass ratio of the ethylene carbonate (EC) in the organic solvent is 20% or less, and the diethyl carbonate (DEC) in the organic solvent The mass ratio is 20% or less; the additive comprises additive A and additive B; The additive A is selected from one or more of the compounds represented by the following
식1, 식2
그 중에서, n1의 값은 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 또는 5이고; n2의 값은 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 또는 9이고; R11, R12, R13, R14, R21, R22, R23, R24는 H, F, Cl, Br, I, 치환 또는 비치환된 C1~C10 사슬알칸기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C1~C10 사슬알켄기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C1~C10 사슬알키닐기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C3~C9 고리형 알칸기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C1~C10 알콕시기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C6~C20 아릴기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C3~C20 헤테로아릴기 중 하나에서 각각 독립적으로 선택되고, 치환기는 F, Cl, Br 중 하나 이상에서 선택되며; 상기 첨가제 B는 하기 식 3으로 표시되는 화합물 중 하나 이상에서 선택되며; Among them, the value of n1 is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; the value of n2 is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9; R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 21 , R 22 , R 23 , R 24 is H, F, Cl, Br, I, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 chain alkane group, substituted or unsubstituted A C1~ C10 chain alkene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1~ C10 chain alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3~ C9 cyclic alkane group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1~ C10 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6 ~ C20 aryl group, each independently selected from one of a substituted or unsubstituted C3 ~ C20 heteroaryl group, the substituent is selected from one or more of F, Cl, Br; The additive B is selected from one or more of the compounds represented by the following
식3
그 중에서, R31, R32, R33, R34, R35, R36, R37, R38, R39, R41, R42, R43, R44, R45, R46, R47, R48, R49는 치환 또는 비치환된 탄소수 C1~C20의 알칸기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2~C20 알켄기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2~C20 알키닐기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C6~C20 아릴기 중 하나에서 각각 독립적으로 선택되고, 치환기는 F, Cl, Br 중 하나 이상에서 선택된다. Among them, R 31 , R 32 , R 33 , R 34 , R 35 , R 36 , R 37 , R 38 , R 39 , R 41 , R 42 , R 43 , R 44 , R 45 , R 46 , R 47 . , R 48 , R 49 is a substituted or unsubstituted C1~ C20 alkane group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2~ C20 alkene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2~ C20 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6~ C20 Each is independently selected from one of the aryl groups, and the substituent is selected from one or more of F, Cl, Br.
본 출원의 제2 측면은 장치를 제공하며, 상기 장치는 제1 측면의 상기 이차 배터리를 포함한다.A second aspect of the present application provides a device, the device comprising the secondary battery of the first aspect.
본 출원의 이차 배터리에 있어서, 음극 활물질은 실리콘계 물질을 포함하고, 전해액은 특정 종류 및 함량의 유기 용매를 포함하고, 첨가제는 A 및 B를 모두 포함하며, 전술한 용매 및 첨가제의 조합 작용 하에서, 본 출원의 이차 배터리는 우수한 고온 사이클 성능, 고온 저장 성능 및 낮은 직류 저항을 동시에 고려할 수 있다. 본 출원의 장치는 전술한 이차 배터리를 포함하므로, 적어도 전술한 이차 배터리와 동일한 장점을 갖는다.In the secondary battery of the present application, the negative active material includes a silicon-based material, the electrolyte includes an organic solvent of a specific type and content, and the additive includes both A and B, and under the action of a combination of the solvent and the additive described above, The secondary battery of the present application may simultaneously consider excellent high-temperature cycle performance, high-temperature storage performance, and low DC resistance. Since the device of the present application includes the aforementioned secondary battery, it has at least the same advantages as the aforementioned secondary battery.
도 1은 본 발명의 하나의 실시예에 따른 이차 배터리의 개략도이다.
도 2는 본 발명의 하나의 실시예에 따른 배터리 모듈의 개략도이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 하나의 실시예에 따른 배터리 팩의 개략도이다.
도 4는 도 3의 분해도이다.
도 5는 본 발명의 하나의 실시예에 따른 이차 배터리가 전원으로 사용되는 장치의 개략도이다.1 is a schematic diagram of a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a schematic diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
4 is an exploded view of FIG. 3 .
5 is a schematic diagram of a device in which a secondary battery is used as a power source according to an embodiment of the present invention.
다음은, 본 출원에 따른 이차 배터리 및 이차 배터리를 포함하는 장치에 대하여 상세히 설명한다.Next, a secondary battery and a device including the secondary battery according to the present application will be described in detail.
본 출원의 제1 측면의 이차 배터리에 따르면, 상기 이차 배터리는 음극판 및 전해액을 포함하고, 음극판은 음극 집전체 및 음극 집전체의 적어도 일면에 구비되고 음극 활물질을 포함하는 음극 필름을 포함하며, 전해액은 전해질염, 유기 용매 및 첨가제를 포함한다. 여기서, 음극 활물질은 실리콘계 물질을 포함하며; 유기 용매는 에틸렌 카보네이트(EC) 및 디에틸 카보네이트(DEC)를 포함하고, 유기 용매 중 에틸렌 카보네이트(EC)의 질량비는 20%이하이고, 유기 용매 중 디에틸 카보네이트(DEC)의 질량비는 20%이하이며; 첨가제는 첨가제 A 및 첨가제 B를 포함한다. According to the secondary battery of the first aspect of the present application, the secondary battery includes a negative electrode plate and an electrolyte, and the negative electrode plate is provided on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector and includes a negative electrode film including a negative electrode active material, the electrolyte solution silver electrolyte salts, organic solvents and additives. Here, the negative active material includes a silicon-based material; The organic solvent includes ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC), the mass ratio of ethylene carbonate (EC) in the organic solvent is 20% or less, and the mass ratio of diethyl carbonate (DEC) in the organic solvent is 20% or less is; Additives include Additive A and Additive B.
본 출원의 제1 측면의 이차 배터리에 있어서, 첨가제 A는 식 1 및 식 2로 표시되는 화합물 중 하나 이상에서 선택된다. 그 중에서, n1의 값은 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 또는 5이고; n2의 값은 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 또는 9이고; R11, R12, R13, R14, R21, R22, R23, R24는 H, F, Cl, Br, I, 치환 또는 비치환된 C1~C10 사슬알칸기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C1~C10 사슬알켄기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C1~C10 사슬알키닐기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C3~C9 고리형 알칸기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C1~C10 알콕시기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C6~C20 아릴기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C3~C20 헤테로아릴기 중 하나에서 각각 독립적으로 선택되며, 치환기는 F, Cl, Br 중 하나 이상에서 선택된다.In the secondary battery of the first aspect of the present application, the additive A is selected from one or more of the compounds represented by Formula 1 and Formula 2. Among them, the value of n1 is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; the value of n2 is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9; R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 21 , R 22 , R 23 , R 24 is H, F, Cl, Br, I, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 chain alkane group, substituted or unsubstituted A C1~ C10 chain alkene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1~ C10 chain alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3~ C9 cyclic alkane group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1~ C10 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6 ~ C20 aryl group, each independently selected from one of a substituted or unsubstituted C3 ~ C20 heteroaryl group, the substituent is selected from one or more of F, Cl, Br.
식1, 식2
본 출원의 제1 측면의 이차 배터리에 있어서, 첨가제 B는 식 3으로 표시되는 화합물 중 하나 이상에서 선택된다. 그 중에서, R31, R32, R33, R34, R35, R36, R37, R38, R39, R41, R42, R43, R44, R45, R46, R47, R48, R49는 치환 또는 비치환된 탄소수 C1~C20의 알칸기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2~C20 알켄기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2~C20 알키닐기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C6~C20 아릴기 중 하나에서 각각 독립적으로 선택되며, 치환기는 F, Cl, Br 중 하나 이상에서 선택된다. In the secondary battery of the first aspect of the present application, the additive B is selected from one or more of the compounds represented by Formula 3. Among them, R 31 , R 32 , R 33 , R 34 , R 35 , R 36 , R 37 , R 38 , R 39 , R 41 , R 42 , R 43 , R 44 , R 45 , R 46 , R 47 . , R 48 , R 49 is a substituted or unsubstituted C1~ C20 alkane group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2~ C20 alkene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2~ C20 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6~ C20 Each is independently selected from one of the aryl groups, and the substituent is selected from one or more of F, Cl, and Br.
식3
본 출원의 제1 측면의 이차 배터리에 있어서, 바람직하게, 첨가제 A는 하기 화합물 중 하나 이상에서 선택될 수 있다.In the secondary battery of the first aspect of the present application, preferably, additive A may be selected from one or more of the following compounds.
화합물 A-1 Compound A-1
화합물 A-2 compound A-2
화합물 A-3 compound A-3
화합물 A-4 compound A-4
본 출원의 제1 측면의 이차 배터리에 있어서, 바람직하게, 첨가제 B는 트리스(트리메틸실릴)포스페이트, 트리스(트리에틸실릴)포스페이트, 트리스(비닐디메틸실릴)포스페이트 중 하나 이상에서 선택되며; 더욱 바람직하게, 첨가제 B는 트리스(트리메틸실릴)포스페이트로부터 선택된다.In the secondary battery of the first aspect of the present application, preferably, additive B is selected from one or more of tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphate, tris(triethylsilyl)phosphate, and tris(vinyldimethylsilyl)phosphate; More preferably, additive B is selected from tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphate.
본 출원의 연구원들은 광범위한 연구를 통해 다음을 발견하였다: 이차 배터리의 음극 활물질이 실리콘계 물질을 포함하고, 전해액이 에틸렌 카보네이트(EC) 및 디에틸 카보네이트(DEC)를 포함하는 유기 용매를 동시에 만족할 때, 유기 용매 중 에틸렌 카보네이트(EC)의 질량비는 20% 이하이고, 유기 용매 중 디에틸 카보네이트(DEC)의 질량비는 20% 이하이다. 또한, 첨가제가 첨가제 A와 첨가제 B를 포함할 때, 이차 배터리의 가스 생성을 효과적으로 줄일 수 있고, 배터리의 저항을 크게 줄일 수 있으므로, 이차 배터리가 우수한 고온 사이클 성능, 고온 저장 성능 및 낮은 직류 저항을 동시에 고려할 수 있다. The researchers of the present application have found the following through extensive research: when the negative active material of the secondary battery contains a silicon-based material, and the electrolyte simultaneously satisfies an organic solvent containing ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC), The mass ratio of ethylene carbonate (EC) in the organic solvent is 20% or less, and the mass ratio of diethyl carbonate (DEC) in the organic solvent is 20% or less. In addition, when the additive includes additive A and additive B, it is possible to effectively reduce the gas generation of the secondary battery and significantly reduce the resistance of the battery, so that the secondary battery has excellent high-temperature cycle performance, high-temperature storage performance and low direct current resistance. can be considered at the same time.
본 출원의 제1 측면의 이차 배터리에 있어서, 바람직하게, 유기 용매 중 에틸렌 카보네이트(EC)의 질량비는 10%~20%이다. 에틸렌 카보네이트(EC)의 함량이 상기 범위 내인 경우, 배터리의 고온 사이클 성능을 보다 잘 향상시킬 수 있다.In the secondary battery of the first aspect of the present application, preferably, the mass ratio of ethylene carbonate (EC) in the organic solvent is 10% to 20%. When the content of ethylene carbonate (EC) is within the above range, the high-temperature cycle performance of the battery may be better improved.
본 출원의 제1 측면의 이차 배터리에 있어서, 바람직하게, 유기 용매 중 디에틸 카보네이트(DEC)의 질량비는 10%~20%이다. 디에틸 카보네이트(DEC)의 함량이 상기 범위 내인 경우, 이차 배터리의 가스 발생을 보다 잘 감소시킬 수 있고, 배터리의 고온 저장 성능을 향상시킬 수 있다.In the secondary battery of the first aspect of the present application, preferably, the mass ratio of diethyl carbonate (DEC) in the organic solvent is 10% to 20%. When the content of diethyl carbonate (DEC) is within the above range, gas generation of the secondary battery may be better reduced, and high temperature storage performance of the battery may be improved.
본 출원의 제1 측면의 이차 배터리에 있어서, 바람직하게, 전해액 중의 첨가제 A의 질량비는 1% 이하이다. 첨가제 A의 함량이 주어진 범위 내이면, 배터리의 고온 사이클 성능 및 고온 저장 성능을 효과적으로 향상시킬 수 있으며; 첨가제 A의 함량이 너무 높으면, 양극 및 음극 표면에 형성된 보호막의 저항이 크게 증가함과 동시에 배터리의 고온 저장 성능에 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 보다 바람직하게, 전해액 중 첨가제 A의 질량비는 0.1%~0.5%이다.In the secondary battery of the first aspect of the present application, preferably, the mass ratio of the additive A in the electrolyte is 1% or less. When the content of additive A is within a given range, it is possible to effectively improve the high-temperature cycle performance and high-temperature storage performance of the battery; If the content of the additive A is too high, the resistance of the protective film formed on the surfaces of the positive and negative electrodes is greatly increased, and at the same time, it may affect the high-temperature storage performance of the battery. More preferably, the mass ratio of the additive A in the electrolyte is 0.1% to 0.5%.
본 출원의 제1 측면의 이차 배터리에 있어서, 바람직하게, 전해액 중의 첨가제 B의 질량비는 2% 이하이다. 첨가제 B의 함량이 주어진 범위 내이면 배터리의 저항을 효과적으로 감소시킬 수 있으며; 첨가제 B의 함량이 너무 높으면 음극 표면에 더 많은 LiPO3 및 (CH3)3SiF가 생성되어, 이차 배터리의 고온 저장 성능에 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 보다 바람직하게, 전해액 중 첨가제 B의 질량비는 0.1%~1%이다.In the secondary battery of the first aspect of the present application, preferably, the mass ratio of the additive B in the electrolyte is 2% or less. If the content of the additive B is within a given range, it is possible to effectively reduce the resistance of the battery; If the content of additive B is too high, more LiPO 3 and (CH 3 ) 3 SiF are generated on the surface of the anode, which may affect the high-temperature storage performance of the secondary battery. More preferably, the mass ratio of the additive B in the electrolyte is 0.1% to 1%.
본 출원의 제1 측면의 이차 배터리에 있어서, 바람직하게, 유기 용매는 에틸 메틸 카보네이트(EMC)를 더 포함하며, 유기 용매 중 에틸 메틸 카보네이트(EMC)의 질량비는 50%보다 크고; 보다 바람직하게, 유기 용매 중 에틸 메틸 카보네이트(EMC)의 질량비는 55%~65%이다.In the secondary battery of the first aspect of the present application, preferably, the organic solvent further comprises ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), and the mass ratio of ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) in the organic solvent is greater than 50%; More preferably, the mass ratio of ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) in the organic solvent is 55% to 65%.
본 출원의 제1 측면의 이차 배터리에서, 바람직하게, 첨가제는 플루오로에틸렌 카보네이트(FEC)를 더 포함하며, 전해액 중 플루오로에틸렌 카보네이트(FEC)의 질량비는 8% 이하이고; 보다 바람직하게, 전해액 중 플루오로에틸렌 카보네이트(FEC)의 질량비는 5%~8%이다.In the secondary battery of the first aspect of the present application, preferably, the additive further comprises fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), and the mass ratio of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) in the electrolyte is 8% or less; More preferably, the mass ratio of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) in the electrolyte is 5% to 8%.
본 출원의 제1 측면의 이차 배터리에 있어서, 바람직하게, 첨가제는 에틸렌 설페이트(DTD), 1,3-프로판 설톤(PS), 1,3-프로펜 설톤(PST), 리튬 디플루오로옥살레이트 보레이트(LiDFOB), 리튬 디플루오로비스옥살레이트 포스페이트(LiDFOP) 중 하나 이상을 더 포함한다.In the secondary battery of the first aspect of the present application, preferably, the additive is ethylene sulfate (DTD), 1,3-propane sultone (PS), 1,3-propene sultone (PST), lithium difluorooxalate and borate (LiDFOB) and lithium difluorobisoxalate phosphate (LiDFOP).
본 출원의 제1 측면의 이차 배터리에서, 바람직하게, 상기 전해질염은 리튬 헥사플루오로포스페이트, 리튬 비스플루오로술폰이미드, 리튬 테트라플루오로보레이트 및 리튬 퍼클로레이트 중 하나 이상을 포함하며; 보다 바람직하게, 전해질염은 리튬 헥사플루오로포스페이트 및 리튬 비스플루오로술폰이미드 중 하나 이상을 포함한다.In the secondary battery of the first aspect of the present application, preferably, the electrolyte salt comprises at least one of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium bisfluorosulfonimide, lithium tetrafluoroborate and lithium perchlorate; More preferably, the electrolyte salt comprises at least one of lithium hexafluorophosphate and lithium bisfluorosulfonimide.
본 출원의 제1 측면의 이차 배터리에서, 바람직하게, 전해액 중의 전해질염의 농도는 1.0mol/L-1.3mol/L, 보다 바람직하게는 1.0mol/L-1.2mol/L이다.In the secondary battery of the first aspect of the present application, preferably, the concentration of the electrolyte salt in the electrolyte is 1.0 mol/L-1.3 mol/L, more preferably 1.0 mol/L-1.2 mol/L.
본 출원의 제1 측면의 이차 배터리에 있어서, 바람직하게, 25℃에서 전해액의 전도도는 7mS/cm~9.5mS/cm이고; 보다 바람직하게, 25℃에서 전해액의 전도도는 7mS/cm~8.5mS/cm이다.In the secondary battery of the first aspect of the present application, preferably, the conductivity of the electrolyte at 25 ° C is 7 mS / cm ~ 9.5 mS / cm; More preferably, the conductivity of the electrolyte at 25° C. is 7 mS/cm to 8.5 mS/cm.
본 출원의 제1 측면에 따른 이차 배터리에 있어서, 바람직하게, 25℃에서 전해액의 점도는3mPa.s~4.5mPa.s이며; 보다 바람직하게, 25℃에서 전해액의 점도는 3mPa.s~3.5mPa.s이다.In the secondary battery according to the first aspect of the present application, preferably, the viscosity of the electrolyte at 25° C. is 3 mPa.s to 4.5 mPa.s; More preferably, the viscosity of the electrolyte at 25° C. is 3 mPa.s to 3.5 mPa.s.
25℃에서 전해액의 전기 전도도는 당업계에 공지된 방법으로 시험할 수 있으며, 사용되는 시험 기구는 낙뢰 자기 전도도 장치일 수 있다.The electrical conductivity of the electrolyte at 25° C. may be tested by a method known in the art, and the test instrument used may be a lightning magnetic conductivity device.
25℃에서 전해액의 점도는 당업계에 공지된 방법으로 시험할 수 있으며, 사용되는 시험 기구는 점도계일 수 있다.The viscosity of the electrolyte at 25° C. may be tested by a method known in the art, and the test instrument used may be a viscometer.
본 출원의 제1 측면의 이차 배터리에서, 상기 실리콘계 물질은 규소 원소, 규소-탄소 복합물, 규소-산소 화합물, 규소-질소 화합물 및 규소 합금 중 하나 이상을 포함하며; 바람직하게, 실리콘계 물질은 규소-산소 화합물을 포함한다.In the secondary battery of the first aspect of the present application, the silicon-based material includes at least one of elemental silicon, a silicon-carbon composite, a silicon-oxygen compound, a silicon-nitrogen compound, and a silicon alloy; Preferably, the silicone-based material comprises a silicon-oxygen compound.
본 출원의 제1 측면의 이차 배터리에 있어서, 바람직하게, 음극 활물질은 탄소 재료를 더 포함하고, 탄소 재료는 천연 흑연, 인조 흑연, 소프트 카본 및 하드 카본 중 하나 이상을 포함하며; 보다 바람직하게, 탄소 재료는 천연 흑연 및 인조 흑연 중 하나 이상을 포함한다.In the secondary battery of the first aspect of the present application, preferably, the anode active material further comprises a carbon material, and the carbon material comprises at least one of natural graphite, artificial graphite, soft carbon, and hard carbon; More preferably, the carbon material comprises at least one of natural graphite and artificial graphite.
본 출원의 제1 측면의 이차 배터리에서, 음극 집전체의 종류는 특별히 제한되지 않으며, 실제 필요에 따라 선택될 수 있다. 구체적으로, 음극 집전체는 동박과 같은 금속박으로부터 선택될 수 있다.In the secondary battery of the first aspect of the present application, the type of the negative current collector is not particularly limited, and may be selected according to actual needs. Specifically, the negative electrode current collector may be selected from a metal foil such as a copper foil.
본 출원의 제1 측면에 기재된 이차 배터리에서, 바람직하게, 이차 배터리는 양극판을 더 포함하며, 상기 양극판은 양극 집전체 및 양극 집전체의 적어도 일면에 구비되고 양극 활물질을 포함하는 양극 필름을 포함한다. In the secondary battery described in the first aspect of the present application, preferably, the secondary battery further includes a positive electrode plate, wherein the positive electrode plate is provided on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector and the positive electrode current collector and includes a positive electrode film including a positive electrode active material .
본 출원의 제1 측면에 따른 이차 배터리에 있어서, 바람직하게, 상기 양극 활물질은 리튬 니켈 코발트 망간 산화물 및 리튬 니켈 코발트 알루미늄 산화물 중 하나 이상을 포함한다. 리튬 니켈 코발트 망간 산화물과 리튬 니켈 코발트 알루미늄 산화물은 이차 배터리의 양극 활물질로서 높은 비용량과 긴 사이클 수명의 장점을 가지고 있으며, 실리콘계 물질의 음극 활물질과 함께 사용되어 배터리의 전기 화학적 성능을 더욱 향상시킨다.In the secondary battery according to the first aspect of the present application, preferably, the positive active material includes at least one of lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide and lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide. Lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide and lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide have advantages of high specific capacity and long cycle life as positive active materials for secondary batteries, and they are used together with silicon-based negative electrode active materials to further improve the electrochemical performance of batteries.
본 출원의 제1 측면의 이차 배터리에 있어서, 바람직하게, 양극 활물질은 LiaNibCocMdM'eOfAg 또는 표면에 적어도 부분적으로 코팅층이 형성된 LiaNibCocMdM'eOfAg 중 하나 이상을 포함한다. 그 중에서, 0.8≤a≤1.2, 0.5≤b<1, 0<c<1, 0<d<1, 0≤e≤0.1, 1≤f≤2, 0≤g≤1이고; M은 Mn 및 Al 중 하나 이상에서 선택되고; M'은 Zr, Al, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mg, Fe, V, Ti 및 B 중 하나 이상에서 선택되고; A는 N, F, S 및 Cl 중 하나 이상에서 선택된다.In the secondary battery of the first aspect of the present application, preferably, the positive active material is Li a Ni b Co c M d M' e O f A g or Li a Ni b Co c M d at least partially formed with a coating layer on the surface M' e O f A g or more. Among them, 0.8≤a≤1.2, 0.5≤b<1, 0<c<1, 0<d<1, 0≤e≤0.1, 1≤f≤2, 0≤g≤1; M is selected from at least one of Mn and Al; M' is selected from one or more of Zr, Al, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mg, Fe, V, Ti and B; A is selected from at least one of N, F, S and Cl.
양극 활물질의 코팅층은 탄소층, 산화물층, 무기염층 또는 전도성 고분자층일 수 있다. 양극 활물질의 표면 코팅을 변성하여 이차 배터리의 사이클 성능을 더욱 향상시킬 수 있다.The coating layer of the positive electrode active material may be a carbon layer, an oxide layer, an inorganic salt layer, or a conductive polymer layer. By modifying the surface coating of the positive electrode active material, the cycle performance of the secondary battery may be further improved.
본 출원의 제1 측면의 이차 배터리에 있어서, 바람직하게, 상기 양극 활물질은 리튬 니켈 산화물(예: 니켈 리튬 옥사이드), 리튬 망간 산화물(예: 스피넬형 리튬 망간 옥사이드, 층상 리튬 망간 옥사이드 등), 리튬 인산 철, 리튬 인산 망간, 리튬 코발트 옥사이드, 및 이의 도핑/코팅 변성된 화합물 중 하나 이상을 더 포함할 수 있다.In the secondary battery of the first aspect of the present application, preferably, the positive active material is lithium nickel oxide (eg, nickel lithium oxide), lithium manganese oxide (eg, spinel-type lithium manganese oxide, layered lithium manganese oxide, etc.), lithium It may further include one or more of iron phosphate, lithium manganese phosphate, lithium cobalt oxide, and doping/coating-modified compounds thereof.
본 출원의 제1 측면의 이차 배터리에서, 양극 집전체의 종류는 특별히 제한되지 않으며, 실제 필요에 따라 선택될 수 있다. 구체적으로, 양극 집전체는 알루미늄박과 같은 금속박으로부터 선택될 수 있다.In the secondary battery of the first aspect of the present application, the type of the positive electrode current collector is not particularly limited, and may be selected according to actual needs. Specifically, the positive electrode current collector may be selected from a metal foil such as an aluminum foil.
본 출원의 제1 측면에 따른 이차 배터리에서, 이차 배터리는 분리막을 더 포함한다. 분리막의 종류는 특별히 제한되지 않으며, 실제 필요에 따라 선택될 수 있다. 구체적으로, 분리막은 폴리에틸렌 필름, 폴리프로필렌 필름, 폴리비닐리덴 플루오라이드 필름 및 이들의 다층 복합 필름 중 하나 이상으로부터 선택될 수 있다.In the secondary battery according to the first aspect of the present application, the secondary battery further includes a separator. The type of the separation membrane is not particularly limited and may be selected according to actual needs. Specifically, the separator may be selected from at least one of a polyethylene film, a polypropylene film, a polyvinylidene fluoride film, and a multilayer composite film thereof.
일부 실시예에서, 이차 배터리는 양극판, 음극판 및 전해액을 밀봉하기 위한 외부 패키지를 포함할 수 있다. 하나의 예로서, 양극편, 음극편 및 분리막을 적층 또는 권취하여 적층형 구조의 전극조립체 또는 권취형 구조의 전극조립체를 형성할 수 있으며, 전극조립체는 외부 패키지 내에 포장되며, 전해액은 전극 조립체에 침투된다. 이차 배터리의 전극조립체의 수는 하나 또는 여러 개일 수 있으며 필요에 따라 조정할 수 있다.In some embodiments, the secondary battery may include a positive plate, a negative plate, and an external package for sealing the electrolyte. As an example, a positive electrode piece, a negative electrode piece, and a separator may be stacked or wound to form an electrode assembly having a stacked structure or a wound electrode assembly, and the electrode assembly is packaged in an external package, and the electrolyte penetrates into the electrode assembly do. The number of electrode assemblies of the secondary battery may be one or several, and may be adjusted as necessary.
일부 실시예에서, 이차 배터리의 외부 패키지는 파우치형 소프트 패키지와 같은 소프트 패키지일 수 있다. 소프트 패키지의 재료는 플라스틱일 수 있으며, 예를 들어 폴리프로필렌(PP), 폴리부틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PBT), 폴리부틸렌 숙시네이트(PBS) 등 중 하나 이상을 포함할 수 있다. 이차 배터리의 외부 패키지는 알루미늄 케이스와 같은 하드 케이스일 수도 있다.In some embodiments, the external package of the secondary battery may be a soft package such as a pouch-type soft package. The material of the soft package may be plastic, and may include, for example, one or more of polypropylene (PP), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polybutylene succinate (PBS), and the like. The external package of the secondary battery may be a hard case such as an aluminum case.
본 출원에서 이차 배터리의 형상은 특별히 제한되지 않으며, 원통형, 각형 또는 기타 임의의 형상일 수 있다. 도 1은 하나의 예로서 각형 구조의 이차 배터리(5)이다.The shape of the secondary battery in the present application is not particularly limited, and may be cylindrical, prismatic, or any other arbitrary shape. 1 is an example of a
일부 실시예에서, 이차 배터리는 배터리 모듈로 조립될 수 있고, 배터리 모듈에 포함되는 이차 배터리의 개수는 복수일 수 있으며, 구체적인 개수는 배터리 모듈의 용도 및 용량에 따라 조정될 수 있다.In some embodiments, the secondary battery may be assembled into a battery module, the number of secondary batteries included in the battery module may be plural, and the specific number may be adjusted according to the use and capacity of the battery module.
도 2는 하나의 예시로서의 배터리 모듈(4)이다. 도 2를 참조하면, 배터리 모듈(4)에서, 복수의 이차 배터리(5)가 배터리 모듈(4)의 길이 방향을 따라 순차적으로 배열될 수 있다. 물론, 다른 방식으로도 배열될 수 있다. 또한, 복수의 이차 배터리(5)는 패스너로 고정될 수 있다.2 is a
선택적으로, 배터리 모듈(4)은 복수의 이차 배터리(5)가 수용되는 수용 공간을 갖는 하우징을 더 포함할 수 있다.Optionally, the
일부 실시예에서, 배터리 모듈은 배터리 팩으로 조립될 수도 있으며, 배터리 팩에 포함되는 배터리 모듈의 개수는 배터리 팩의 용도 및 용량에 따라 조절될 수 있다.In some embodiments, the battery module may be assembled into a battery pack, and the number of battery modules included in the battery pack may be adjusted according to the use and capacity of the battery pack.
도 3 및 도 4는 하나의 예시적인 배터리 팩(1)이다. 도 3 및 도 4를 참조하면, 배터리 팩(1)은 배터리 박스 및 배터리 박스에 구비되는 복수의 배터리 모듈(4)을 포함할 수 있다. 배터리 박스는 상부 박스(2)와 하부 박스(3)를 포함하며, 상부 박스(2)는 하부 박스(3)를 덮고 배터리 모듈(4)을 수용하기 위한 폐쇄된 공간을 형성할 수 있다. 복수의 배터리 모듈(4)은 임의의 방식으로 배터리 박스에 배열될 수 있다.3 and 4 are one
본 출원의 제2 측면은 본 출원의 제1 측면의 이차 배터리를 포함하는 장치를 제공한다. 이차 배터리는 장치의 전원으로 사용할 수 있으며, 상기 장치의 에너지 저장 장치로도 사용할 수 있다. 상기 장치에는 모바일 장치(예: 휴대폰, 노트북 등), 전기 자동차(예: 순수 전기 자동차, 하이브리드 전기 자동차, 플러그인 하이브리드 전기 자동차, 전기 자전거, 전기 스쿠터, 전기 골프 차량, 전기 트럭 등), 전기 기차, 선박 및 위성, 에너지 저장 시스템 등이 포함되나 이에 한정되지는 않는다.A second aspect of the present application provides a device including the secondary battery of the first aspect of the present application. The secondary battery may be used as a power source for the device and may also be used as an energy storage device for the device. Such devices include mobile devices (eg cell phones, laptops, etc.), electric vehicles (eg pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, electric bicycles, electric scooters, electric golf vehicles, electric trucks, etc.), electric trains, ships and satellites, energy storage systems, and the like.
상기 장치는 사용 요구 사항에 따라 이차 배터리, 배터리 모듈 또는 배터리 팩을 선택할 수 있다.The device may select a secondary battery, a battery module or a battery pack according to usage requirements.
도 5는 하나의 예시적인 장치이다. 이 장치는 순수 전기 자동차, 하이브리드 전기 자동차, 플러그인 하이브리드 전기 자동차 등이다. 장치용 이차 배터리의 고전력 및 고에너지 밀도 요구 사항을 충족시키기 위해 배터리 팩 또는 배터리 모듈을 사용할 수 있다.5 is one exemplary device. These devices are pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, etc. Battery packs or battery modules can be used to meet the high power and high energy density requirements of secondary batteries for devices.
다른 예시로서, 상기 장치는 모바일 폰, 태블릿 컴퓨터, 랩탑 컴퓨터 등일 수 있다. 일반적으로 이 장치는 얇고 가벼운 것이 요구되며, 이차 배터리를 전원으로 사용할 수 있다.As another example, the device may be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, or the like. In general, this device is required to be thin and light, and a secondary battery can be used as a power source.
본 출원은 실시예를 참조하여 이하에서 더 설명될 것이다. 이들 실시예는 단지 본 출원을 예시하기 위해 사용된 것이며 본 출원의 범위를 제한하지 않는다는 것을 이해해야 한다.The present application will be further described below with reference to Examples. It should be understood that these examples are used only to illustrate the present application and do not limit the scope of the present application.
실시예 1-31 및 비교예 1-5의 이차 배터리는 다음과 같은 방법으로 제조된다.The secondary batteries of Examples 1-31 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were manufactured in the following manner.
(1) 양극판의 제조(1) Preparation of positive plate
양극 활물질(LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2), 도전제 Super P, 바인더 폴리비닐리덴 플루오라이드을 98:1:1의 질량비로 혼합한 후, 용매 N-메틸피롤리돈을 첨가하고, 시스템이 균일하고 투명해질 때까지 진공 믹서로 교반하여 양극 슬러리를 수득하며; 양극 슬러리를 양극 집전체 알루미늄박에 균일하게 도포하고; 알루미늄박을 상온에서 건조시킨 후 오븐에 옮겨 건조시킨 다음 냉압착 절단하여 양극판을 얻는다.After mixing the positive active material (LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 ), the conductive agent Super P, and the binder polyvinylidene fluoride in a mass ratio of 98:1:1, the solvent N-methylpyrrolidone is added, and the system is uniform and stirred with a vacuum mixer until transparent to obtain a positive electrode slurry; uniformly applying the positive electrode slurry to the positive electrode current collector aluminum foil; After drying the aluminum foil at room temperature, it is transferred to an oven to dry, then cold-pressed and cut to obtain a positive electrode plate.
(2) 음극판의 제조(2) Preparation of negative electrode plate
음극 활물질 아산화 규소와 인조 흑연을 2:8의 질량비로 혼합한 후, 도전제 Super P, 증점제 카르복시메틸 셀룰로오스 나트륨(CMC-Na), 바인더 스티렌 부타디엔 러버(SBR)와 92:2:2:4의 질량비로 혼합한 후, 탈이온수를 첨가하고, 진공 믹서의 작용 하에서 음극 슬러리를 수득하며; 음극 슬러리를 음극 집전체 동박에 균일하게 도포하고; 동박을 상온에서 건조시킨 후 오븐에 옮겨 건조시킨 다음 냉압착 절단하여 음극판을 얻는다.After mixing the negative active material silicon nitrous oxide and artificial graphite in a mass ratio of 2:8, the conductive agent Super P, the thickener sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), the binder styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) and 92:2:2:4 After mixing in the mass ratio, deionized water is added, and a negative electrode slurry is obtained under the action of a vacuum mixer; uniformly applying the negative electrode slurry to the negative electrode current collector copper foil; After drying the copper foil at room temperature, it is transferred to an oven to dry, then cold-pressed and cut to obtain a negative electrode plate.
(3) 전해액의 제조(3) Preparation of electrolyte solution
함수율이 10ppm 미만인 아르곤 분위기 글로브 박스에서, 혼합 유기 용매를 제조한 후, 완전히 건조된 전해질염을 혼합 유기 용매에 용해시킨 후 첨가제를 첨가하여 균일하게 혼합된 전해액을 얻는다. 전해액에 사용되는 유기 용매 및 첨가제의 구체적인 종류와 함량은 표 1과 같다. 표 1에서 각 유기 용매는 유기 용매의 총 질량을 기준으로 계산된 질량 백분율이고, 각 첨가제의 함량은 전해액의 총 질량을 기준으로 계산된 질량 백분율이다.After preparing a mixed organic solvent in an argon atmosphere glove box having a moisture content of less than 10 ppm, a completely dried electrolyte salt is dissolved in the mixed organic solvent, and then an additive is added to obtain a uniformly mixed electrolyte solution. Specific types and contents of organic solvents and additives used in the electrolyte are shown in Table 1. In Table 1, each organic solvent is a mass percentage calculated based on the total mass of the organic solvent, and the content of each additive is a mass percentage calculated based on the total mass of the electrolyte solution.
(4) 분리막의 제조(4) Preparation of separation membrane
분리막은 폴리에틸렌 필름을 사용한다.The separator uses a polyethylene film.
(5) 이차 배터리의 제조:(5) manufacture of secondary battery:
양극편, 분리막 및 음극편을 차례로 적층하여 양극편과 음극편 사이에 분리막을 위치시켜 절연의 역할을 하게 한 다음, 권취하여 전극조립체를 획득하고; 전극조립체를 외부 패키지에 넣고, 제조된 전해액을 건조된 배터리에 주입하고, 진공 패키징, 정치, 화성 및 성형의 과정을 거쳐 이차 배터리를 획득한다. stacking an anode piece, a separator, and a cathode piece in sequence to position the separator between the anode piece and the cathode piece to play the role of insulation, and then winding to obtain an electrode assembly; The electrode assembly is placed in an external package, the prepared electrolyte is injected into the dried battery, and a secondary battery is obtained through vacuum packaging, stationary, chemical formation, and molding.
=20%:60%:20%EC:EMC:DEC
=20%:60%:20%
=20%:60%:20%EC:EMC:DEC
=20%:60%:20%
=20%:60%:20%EC:EMC:DEC
=20%:60%:20%
=20%:60%:20%EC:EMC:DEC
=20%:60%:20%
=20%:60%:20%EC:EMC:DEC
=20%:60%:20%
=20%:60%:20%EC:EMC:DEC
=20%:60%:20%
=20%:60%:20%EC:EMC:DEC
=20%:60%:20%
=20%:60%:20%EC:EMC:DEC
=20%:60%:20%
=20%:60%:20%EC:EMC:DEC
=20%:60%:20%
=5%:75%:20%EC:EMC:DEC
=5%:75%:20%
다음은, 이차 배터리의 시험 과정을 설명한다.Next, a test process of the secondary battery will be described.
(1) 고온 저장 성능 시험(1) High temperature storage performance test
25°C에서 이차 배터리를 0.5C 정전류로 4.25V에 도달할 때까지 충전한 후, 4.25V의 정전압으로 전류가 0.05C이 될 때까지 충전하고, 배수법으로 측정하여 이 때의 이차 배터리의 부피를 V1으로 기록하고; 이차 배터리를 60℃항온상자에 넣고 30일 동안 보관한 후 꺼내 이 때의 이차 배터리 부피를 측정하여 V2로 기록한다.After charging the secondary battery at 25°C with a constant current of 0.5C until it reaches 4.25V, charge it with a constant voltage of 4.25V until the current becomes 0.05C, and measure the volume of the secondary battery at this time by multiplying is recorded as V1; Put the secondary battery in a 60℃ constant temperature box, store it for 30 days, take it out, measure the volume of the secondary battery at this time, and record it as V2.
60°C에서 30일 보관 후 이차 배터리의 부피 팽창률(%) = [(V2-V1)/V1]×100%Volume expansion rate (%) of secondary battery after storage at 60°C for 30 days = [(V 2 -V 1 )/V 1 ]×100%
(2) 고온 사이클 성능 시험(2) High temperature cycle performance test
45°C에서 이차 배터리를 1C의 정전류로 4.25V에 도달할 때까지 충전한 후, 4.25V의 정전압으로 전류가 0.05C이 될 때까지 충전하고, 5분간 방치한 후 1C 정전류로 2.5V에 도달할 때까지 방전한다. 이것이 이차 배터리의 첫 번째 사이클 충전/방전 과정이며, 이 때의 방전 용량을 이차 배터리의 첫 번째 사이클의 방전 용량으로 기록하며, 전술한 과정에 따라 이차 배터리를 800 사이클 충전/방전 시험을 진행하고, 800 사이클 후에 이차 배터리의 방전 용량을 기록한다.At 45°C, charge the secondary battery with a constant current of 1C until it reaches 4.25V, then at a constant voltage of 4.25V until the current becomes 0.05C, leave it for 5 minutes, and then reach 2.5V with a constant current of 1C discharge until This is the first cycle charge/discharge process of the secondary battery, and the discharge capacity at this time is recorded as the discharge capacity of the first cycle of the secondary battery, and the secondary battery is subjected to 800-cycle charge/discharge test according to the above-described process, Record the discharge capacity of the secondary battery after 800 cycles.
45℃에서 800 사이클 후 이차 배터리의 용량 유지율(%) = (800 사이클 후 이차 배터리의 방전 용량/첫 번째 사이클에서 이차 배터리의 방전 용량)×100%.Capacity retention rate (%) of the secondary battery after 800 cycles at 45°C = (discharge capacity of the secondary battery after 800 cycles/discharge capacity of the secondary battery in the first cycle)×100%.
(3) 직류 저항 시험(3) DC resistance test
25°C에서 이차 배터리를 0.5C 정전류/정전압으로 50% SOC로 충전하고, 10분간 방치한 후 0.1C 정전류(I1)로 10초 동안 방전한 후, 방전 후 이차 배터리의 전압을 U1으로 기록한 다음, 이차 배터리를 4C 정전류(I2)로 30초 동안 방전한 후, 방전 후 이차 배터리의 전압을 U2로 기록한다. At 25°C, charge the secondary battery at 50% SOC with 0.5C constant current/constant voltage, leave it for 10 minutes, discharge it with 0.1C constant current (I 1 ) for 10 seconds, and then change the voltage of the secondary battery to U 1 after discharging Then, after discharging the secondary battery with 4C constant current (I 2 ) for 30 seconds, the voltage of the secondary battery after discharging is recorded as U 2 .
이차 배터리의 직류 저항 DCR = (U1-U2)/(I2-I1). DC resistance of secondary battery DCR = (U 1 -U 2 )/(I 2 -I 1 ).
표 2의 시험결과 분석으로부터 본 출원의 실시예 1-31의 전해액에서 유기 용매는 에틸렌 카보네이트(EC)와 디에틸 카보네이트(DEC)를 포함함을 알 수 있다. 유기 용매 중 에틸렌 카보네이트(EC)와 디에틸 카보네이트(DEC)의 질량비는 20%를 초과하지 않으며, 또한, 첨가제는 첨가제 A와 첨가제 B를 동시에 포함하며, 전술한 유기 용매와 첨가제의 공동 작용 하에서, 본 출원의 이차 배터리는 우수한 고온 사이클 성능, 고온 저장 성능 및 낮은 직류 저항을 동시에 달성할 수 있다.From the analysis of the test results in Table 2, it can be seen that the organic solvent in the electrolyte solution of Examples 1-31 of the present application includes ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC). The mass ratio of ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) in the organic solvent does not exceed 20%, and the additive includes additive A and additive B at the same time, and under the joint action of the aforementioned organic solvent and additive, The secondary battery of the present application may simultaneously achieve excellent high-temperature cycle performance, high-temperature storage performance, and low DC resistance.
비교예 1의 전해액에는 첨가제 A만을 첨가한 것으로, 배터리의 고온 저장 성능 및 고온 사이클 성능은 향상되지만 배터리의 직류 내부 저항은 증가한다.When only additive A was added to the electrolyte of Comparative Example 1, high-temperature storage performance and high-temperature cycle performance of the battery were improved, but DC internal resistance of the battery was increased.
비교예 2의 전해액에는 첨가제 B만을 첨가한 것으로, 배터리의 직류 내부저항은 상대적으로 향상되나 첨가제 B만을 사용함으로써 이차 배터리 내 (CH3)3SiF 및 LiPOF3의 함량이 상대적으로 높아, 배터리 고온 저장 성능 및 고온 사이클링 성능은 악화된다.Only additive B was added to the electrolyte of Comparative Example 2 , and the DC internal resistance of the battery was relatively improved . Performance and high temperature cycling performance deteriorate.
비교예 3에서, 유기 용매 중 전해액의 에틸렌 카보네이트(EC)의 질량비가 20%를 초과하면 배터리의 고온 보존 성능이 저하된다. In Comparative Example 3, when the mass ratio of ethylene carbonate (EC) in the electrolyte in the organic solvent exceeds 20%, the high temperature storage performance of the battery is deteriorated.
비교예 4에서, 유기 용매 중 전해액의 디에틸 카보네이트(DEC) 질량비가 20%를 초과하면, 배터리의 고온 사이클 성능이 저하된다. In Comparative Example 4, when the diethyl carbonate (DEC) mass ratio of the electrolyte in the organic solvent exceeds 20%, the high-temperature cycle performance of the battery deteriorates.
비교예 5에서, 전해액의 첨가제 B는 트리스(트리메틸실릴)보레이트이며, 결과적으로 배터리의 전반적인 성능이 열등하다. In Comparative Example 5, the additive B of the electrolyte is tris(trimethylsilyl)borate, and as a result, the overall performance of the battery is inferior.
요약하면, 유기 용매 및 첨가제의 공동 작용 하에서, 본 출원의 전해액은 이차 배터리가 우수한 고온 사이클 성능, 고온 저장 성능 및 낮은 직류 저항을 동시에 고려하도록 할 수 있다. In summary, under the synergistic action of the organic solvent and the additive, the electrolyte solution of the present application can make the secondary battery consider excellent high-temperature cycle performance, high-temperature storage performance, and low DC resistance at the same time.
1: 배터리 팩, 2: 상부 박스, 3: 하부 박스, 4: 배터리 모듈, 5: 이차 배터리1: battery pack, 2: upper box, 3: lower box, 4: battery module, 5: secondary battery
Claims (16)
여기서,
상기 음극 활물질은 실리콘계 물질을 포함하며;
상기 유기 용매는 에틸렌 카보네이트(EC) 및 디에틸 카보네이트(DEC)를 포함하고, 상기 유기 용매 중 상기 에틸렌 카보네이트(EC)의 질량비는 20%이하이고, 상기 유기 용매 중 상기 디에틸 카보네이트(DEC)의 질량비는 20%이하이며;
상기 첨가제는 첨가제 A 및 첨가제 B를 포함하며;
상기 첨가제 A는 하기 식 1 및 식 2로 표시되는 화합물 중 하나 이상에서 선택되며;
식1, 식2
그 중에서,
n1의 값은 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 또는 5이고;
n2의 값은 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 또는 9이고;
R11, R12, R13, R14, R21, R22, R23, R24는 H, F, Cl, Br, I, 치환 또는 비치환된 C1~C10 사슬알칸기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C1~C10 사슬알켄기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C1~C10 사슬알키닐기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C3~C9 고리형 알칸기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C1~C10 알콕시기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C6~C20 아릴기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C3~C20 헤테로아릴기 중 하나에서 각각 독립적으로 선택되고, 치환기는 F, Cl, Br 중 하나 이상에서 선택되며;
상기 첨가제 B는 하기 식 3으로 표시되는 화합물 중 하나 이상에서 선택되며;
식3
그 중에서, R31, R32, R33, R34, R35, R36, R37, R38, R39, R41, R42, R43, R44, R45, R46, R47, R48, R49는 치환 또는 비치환된 탄소수 C1~C20의 알칸기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2~C20 알켄기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2~C20 알키닐기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C6~C20 아릴기 중 하나에서 각각 독립적으로 선택되고, 치환기는 F, Cl, Br 중 하나 이상에서 선택되는, 이차 배터리. a negative electrode plate and an electrolyte, wherein the negative electrode plate is provided on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector, and includes a negative electrode film including a negative electrode active material, wherein the electrolyte includes an electrolyte salt, an organic solvent and an additive;
here,
the negative active material includes a silicon-based material;
The organic solvent includes ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC), the mass ratio of the ethylene carbonate (EC) in the organic solvent is 20% or less, and the diethyl carbonate (DEC) in the organic solvent The mass ratio is 20% or less;
the additive comprises additive A and additive B;
The additive A is selected from one or more of the compounds represented by the following formulas 1 and 2;
Equation 1, Expression 2
Among them,
the value of n1 is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;
the value of n2 is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9;
R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 21 , R 22 , R 23 , R 24 is H, F, Cl, Br, I, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 chain alkane group, substituted or unsubstituted A C1~ C10 chain alkene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1~ C10 chain alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3~ C9 cyclic alkane group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1~ C10 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6 ~ C20 aryl group, each independently selected from one of a substituted or unsubstituted C3 ~ C20 heteroaryl group, the substituent is selected from one or more of F, Cl, Br;
The additive B is selected from one or more of the compounds represented by the following formula 3;
Expression 3
Among them, R 31 , R 32 , R 33 , R 34 , R 35 , R 36 , R 37 , R 38 , R 39 , R 41 , R 42 , R 43 , R 44 , R 45 , R 46 , R 47 . , R 48 , R 49 is a substituted or unsubstituted C1~ C20 alkane group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2~ C20 alkene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2~ C20 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6~ C20 A secondary battery, each independently selected from one of the aryl groups, and the substituents are selected from one or more of F, Cl, Br.
상기 유기 용매 중 상기 에틸렌 카보네이트(EC)의 질량비는 10%~20%인, 이차 배터리. The method according to claim 1,
The mass ratio of the ethylene carbonate (EC) in the organic solvent is 10% to 20%, the secondary battery.
상기 유기 용매 중 상기 디에틸 카보네이트(DEC)의 질량비는 10%~20%인, 이차 배터리. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2,
The mass ratio of the diethyl carbonate (DEC) in the organic solvent is 10% to 20%, the secondary battery.
상기 전해액 중 상기 첨가제 A의 질량비는 1% 이하이고, 바람직하게, 상기 전해액 중 상기 첨가제 A의 질량비는 0.1%~0.5%인, 이차 배터리. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The mass ratio of the additive A in the electrolyte is 1% or less, preferably, the mass ratio of the additive A in the electrolyte is 0.1% to 0.5%, a secondary battery.
상기 전해액 중 상기 첨가제 B의 질량비는 2% 이하이고, 바람직하게, 상기 전해액 중 상기 첨가제 B의 질량비는 0.1%~1%인, 이차 배터리. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The mass ratio of the additive B in the electrolyte is 2% or less, preferably, the mass ratio of the additive B in the electrolyte is 0.1% to 1%, a secondary battery.
상기 유기 용매는 에틸 메틸 카보네이트(EMC)를 더 포함하며, 상기 유기 용매 중 상기 에틸 메틸 카보네이트(EMC)의 질량비는 50%보다 크고; 바람직하게는 55%~65%인, 이차 배터리. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
the organic solvent further includes ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), and the mass ratio of the ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) in the organic solvent is greater than 50%; Preferably 55% to 65%, the secondary battery.
상기 첨가제 A는 하기 화합물 중 하나 이상에서 선택되는, 이차 배터리:
화합물 A-1
화합물 A-2
화합물 A-3
화합물 A-4.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The additive A is selected from one or more of the following compounds, secondary battery:
Compound A-1
compound A-2
compound A-3
Compound A-4.
상기 첨가제 B는 트리스(트리메틸실릴)포스페이트, 트리스(트리에틸실릴)포스페이트, 트리스(비닐디메틸실릴)포스페이트 중 하나 이상에서 선택되며; 더욱 바람직하게, 상기 첨가제 B는 트리스(트리메틸실릴)포스페이트로부터 선택되는, 이차 배터리. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
the additive B is selected from one or more of tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphate, tris(triethylsilyl)phosphate, and tris(vinyldimethylsilyl)phosphate; More preferably, the additive B is selected from tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphate.
상기 첨가제는 플루오로에틸렌 카보네이트(FEC)를 더 포함하며, 상기 전해액 중 상기 플루오로에틸렌 카보네이트(FEC)의 질량비는 8% 이하이고; 바람직하게, 상기 전해액 중 상기 플루오로에틸렌 카보네이트(FEC)의 질량비는 5%~8%인, 이차 배터리. 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
the additive further includes fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), and the mass ratio of the fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) in the electrolyte is 8% or less; Preferably, the mass ratio of the fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) in the electrolyte is 5% to 8%, the secondary battery.
상기 첨가제는 에틸렌 설페이트(DTD), 1,3-프로판 설톤(PS), 1,3-프로펜 설톤(PST), 리튬 디플루오로옥살레이트 보레이트(LiDFOB), 리튬 디플루오로비스옥살레이트 포스페이트(LiDFOP) 중 하나 이상을 더 포함하는, 이차 배터리. 10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
The additives include ethylene sulfate (DTD), 1,3-propane sultone (PS), 1,3-propene sultone (PST), lithium difluorooxalate borate (LiDFOB), lithium difluorobisoxalate phosphate ( LiDFOP), the secondary battery further comprising one or more.
상기 이차 배터리는 하기 (1)~(3) 중 하나 이상의 조건을 더 충족하는, 이차 배터리:
(1) 25℃에서 상기 전해액의 전도도는 7mS/cm~9.5mS/cm이고; 바람직하게, 25℃에서 상기 전해액의 전도도는 7mS/cm~8.5mS/cm이고;
(2) 25℃에서 상기 전해액의 점도는3mPa.s~4.5mPa.s이며; 바람직하게, 25℃에서 상기 전해액의 점도는 3mPa.s~3.5mPa.s이고;
(3) 상기 전해액 중의 상기 전해질염의 농도는 1.0mol/L-1.3mol/L, 바람직하게, 상기 전해액 중의 상기 전해질염의 농도는 1.0mol/L-1.2mol/L임. 11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
The secondary battery further satisfies one or more of the following conditions (1) to (3), a secondary battery:
(1) the conductivity of the electrolyte at 25 °C is 7 mS / cm ~ 9.5 mS / cm; Preferably, the conductivity of the electrolyte at 25 °C is 7 mS / cm ~ 8.5 mS / cm;
(2) the viscosity of the electrolyte at 25° C. is 3 mPa.s to 4.5 mPa.s; Preferably, the viscosity of the electrolyte at 25° C. is 3 mPa.s to 3.5 mPa.s;
(3) The concentration of the electrolyte salt in the electrolyte is 1.0 mol/L-1.3 mol/L, preferably, the concentration of the electrolyte salt in the electrolyte is 1.0 mol/L-1.2 mol/L.
상기 실리콘계 물질은 규소 원소, 규소-탄소 복합물, 규소-산소 화합물, 규소-질소 화합물 및 규소 합금 중 하나 이상을 포함하며; 바람직하게, 상기 실리콘계 물질은 규소-산소 화합물을 포함하는, 이차 배터리. 12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
the silicon-based material comprises at least one of elemental silicon, a silicon-carbon composite, a silicon-oxygen compound, a silicon-nitrogen compound, and a silicon alloy; Preferably, the silicon-based material comprises a silicon-oxygen compound.
상기 음극 활물질은 탄소 재료를 더 포함하고, 상기 탄소 재료는 천연 흑연, 인조 흑연, 소프트 카본 및 하드 카본 중 하나 이상을 포함하며; 바람직하게, 상기 탄소 재료는 천연 흑연 및 인조 흑연 중 하나 이상을 포함하는, 이차 배터리. 13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12,
the negative active material further includes a carbon material, wherein the carbon material includes at least one of natural graphite, artificial graphite, soft carbon, and hard carbon; Preferably, the carbon material comprises at least one of natural graphite and artificial graphite.
상기 이차 배터리는 양극판을 더 포함하며, 상기 양극판은 양극 집전체 및 양극 집전체의 적어도 일면에 구비되고 양극 활물질을 포함하는 양극 필름을 포함하고, 상기 양극 활물질은 리튬 니켈 코발트 망간 산화물 및 리튬 니켈 코발트 알루미늄 산화물 중 하나 이상을 포함하며;
바람직하게, 상기 양극 활물질은 LiaNibCocMdM'eOfAg 또는 표면에 적어도 부분적으로 코팅층이 형성된 LiaNibCocMdM'eOfAg 중 하나 이상을 포함하며, 그 중에서, 0.8≤a≤1.2, 0.5≤b<1, 0<c<1, 0<d<1, 0≤e≤0.1, 1≤f≤2, 0≤g≤1이고; M은 Mn 및 Al 중 하나 이상에서 선택되고; M'은 Zr, Al, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mg, Fe, V, Ti 및 B 중 하나 이상에서 선택되고; A는 N, F, S 및 Cl 중 하나 이상에서 선택되는, 이차 배터리. 14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13,
The secondary battery further includes a positive electrode plate, wherein the positive electrode plate is provided on at least one surface of a positive electrode current collector and the positive electrode current collector and includes a positive electrode film including a positive electrode active material, wherein the positive electrode active material is lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide and lithium nickel cobalt at least one of aluminum oxide;
Preferably, the positive active material comprises at least one of Li a Ni b Co c M d M′ e O f A g or Li a Ni b Co c M d M′ e O f A g on which a coating layer is formed at least partially. wherein, 0.8≤a≤1.2, 0.5≤b<1, 0<c<1, 0<d<1, 0≤e≤0.1, 1≤f≤2, 0≤g≤1; M is selected from at least one of Mn and Al; M' is selected from one or more of Zr, Al, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mg, Fe, V, Ti and B; A is selected from one or more of N, F, S and Cl, the secondary battery.
상기 양극 활물질은 리튬 니켈 산화물, 리튬 망간 산화물, 리튬 인산 철, 리튬 인산 망간, 리튬 인산 망간 철, 리튬 코발트 옥사이드, 및 이의 변성 화합물 중 하나 이상을 더 포함하는, 이차 배터리. 15. The method of claim 14,
The positive active material further comprises at least one of lithium nickel oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese phosphate, lithium manganese iron phosphate, lithium cobalt oxide, and a modified compound thereof, secondary battery.
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