KR20220049374A - The Engine Using a Liquid Natural Gas - Google Patents

The Engine Using a Liquid Natural Gas Download PDF

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KR20220049374A
KR20220049374A KR1020200132915A KR20200132915A KR20220049374A KR 20220049374 A KR20220049374 A KR 20220049374A KR 1020200132915 A KR1020200132915 A KR 1020200132915A KR 20200132915 A KR20200132915 A KR 20200132915A KR 20220049374 A KR20220049374 A KR 20220049374A
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natural gas
engine
cylinder
suction port
fuel
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KR1020200132915A
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Korean (ko)
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이승준
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(주)한준에프알
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
    • F02B43/10—Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0248—Injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
    • F02B43/10—Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
    • F02B2043/103—Natural gas, e.g. methane or LNG used as a fuel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to an engine using an LNG. The engine using the LNG comprises: a cylinder head having a suction port, through which a fuel is sucked from the outside and connected to a cylinder; and a natural gas sprayer wherein an end is positioned in the suction port of the cylinder head, and which has a nozzle through which a natural gas is sprayed. As things not polluting an air, when the natural gas is combusted, mostly water and carbon dioxide are produced. Therefore, environmental pollution caused by an exhaust gas of an automobile can be reduced.

Description

천연가스(LNG)를 사용하는 엔진{The Engine Using a Liquid Natural Gas}The Engine Using a Liquid Natural Gas

본 발명은 천연가스를 사용하는 엔진에 관한 것으로, 더 상세하게는 불꽃 점화 시스템을 사용하여 압축 발화에 의해 천연가스를 고효율로 연소할 수 있는 천연가스를 사용하는 엔진 및 천연가스 엔진에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an engine using natural gas, and more particularly, to an engine and a natural gas engine using natural gas capable of burning natural gas with high efficiency by compression ignition using a spark ignition system.

천연가스를 압축하여 사용하는 CNG 엔진이 알려져 있다. 이러한 CNG 엔진은 디젤엔진과 같이 실린더 내에서 연료를 직접 분사하여 연료를 압축할 때 발생하는 열로 연소시킨다. 이는 CNG 엔진은 압축된 천연가스를 사용하기 때문에 감압장치를 필요로 하고 감압시 가스의 온도가 낮아지기 때문에 디젤엔진과 같이 실린더 내에서 연료를 직접 분사하여 연료를 압축할 때 발생하는 열로 연소킬 수 없다. CNG engines using compressed natural gas are known. Like a diesel engine, the CNG engine directly injects fuel in a cylinder and burns it with heat generated when the fuel is compressed. Because CNG engines use compressed natural gas, they require a decompression device, and since the temperature of the gas is lowered when depressurizing, it cannot be combusted with the heat generated when fuel is compressed by directly injecting fuel in the cylinder like a diesel engine. .

디젤엔진에서 디젤유와 CNG를 혼합하여 연소시키는 방법이 알려져 있다.A method of mixing and burning diesel oil and CNG in a diesel engine is known.

그러나 이러한 방법은 장치의 구조가 복잡하게 된다는 단점을 가지고 있다.However, this method has a disadvantage in that the structure of the device becomes complicated.

LNG 등 가스엔진에서 연료는 흡입매니폴드의 런너에 장착되는 연료분사기를 통하여 각 실린더에 공급된다. 여기에서 공급된 연료는 흡입매니폴드를 통하여 공급된 공기와 혼합되어 흡입포트와 흡입밸브를 통과하여 각 실린더의 연소실에 공급된다. 흡입매니폴드는 흡입공기의 유동을 안정화시켜주는 서지탱크와 흡입공기를 각 실린더의 연소실에 보내주는 런너로 구성된다. 그런데 터보차아저방식의 디젤엔진이나 농기계와 같이 엔진장착공간의 부족한 일부엔진에서는 흡입매니폴드에 런너가 매우 짧거나 거의 없는 경우가 있다. 따라서 경유엔진을 가스엔진으로 전환하는 경우나 농기계용 엔진에서는 연료분사기를 흡입매니폴드의 런너를 설치하기가 곤란한 경우가 종종 있다.In gas engines such as LNG, fuel is supplied to each cylinder through a fuel injector mounted on the runner of the intake manifold. Here, the supplied fuel is mixed with the air supplied through the intake manifold and passed through the intake port and the intake valve to be supplied to the combustion chamber of each cylinder. The intake manifold consists of a surge tank that stabilizes the flow of intake air and a runner that sends intake air to the combustion chamber of each cylinder. However, in some engines with insufficient engine mounting space, such as turbocharged diesel engines or agricultural machinery, there are cases in which the runner is very short or almost absent in the intake manifold. Therefore, in the case of converting a diesel engine to a gas engine or in an engine for agricultural machinery, it is often difficult to install the runner of the intake manifold for the fuel injector.

상기 과제를 해결하기 위한 천연가스(LNG)를 사용하는 엔진은, 외부로부터 연료가 흡입되고 실린더로 연결되는 흡입포트를 구비한 실린더 헤드와; 상기 실린더 헤드의 흡입포트 내에 끝단이 위치하고 천연가스가 분사되는 노즐을 구비한 천연가스 분사기를 구비한 구성에 의해 달성된다.An engine using natural gas (LNG) for solving the above problems, the fuel is sucked from the outside, and a cylinder head having a suction port connected to the cylinder; It is achieved by a configuration having a natural gas injector having a nozzle positioned at an end in the suction port of the cylinder head and through which natural gas is injected.

상기 구성에서 실린더 헤드의 흡입포트는 흡입 매니폴드의 런너로 연결되어 흡입공기는 흡입매니폴드의 런너를 지나 실린더헤드의 흡입포트를 지나게 되는데 실린더로 연결되는 흡입포트에는 천연가스를 분사하는 천연가스 분사노즐의 끝단이 위치하여 흡입포트를 지나는 공기와 혼합되어 실린더의 내부로 공급된다.In the above configuration, the suction port of the cylinder head is connected to the runner of the intake manifold, so that the intake air passes through the runner of the intake manifold and the suction port of the cylinder head. Natural gas injection that injects natural gas into the suction port connected to the cylinder The tip of the nozzle is located so that it is mixed with the air passing through the suction port and supplied to the inside of the cylinder.

이때 공기가 흡입포트를 지날 때 천연가스를 분사하는 천연가스 분사노즐의 끝단으로부터 천연가스는 벤투리효과에 자동적으로 흡입포트로 분사되어 공기와 혼합된다.At this time, natural gas from the end of the natural gas injection nozzle that injects natural gas when air passes through the suction port is automatically injected into the suction port due to the venturi effect and mixed with air.

터보차아저방식의 경유엔진을 LNG 등 가스엔진으로 전환하는 경우나 농업용 트랙터와 같이 엔진장착공간이 협소하여 흡입매니홀드를 소형화하여 설치해야 하는 경우에도 연료주입연결관을 실린더헤드의 흡입포트에 설치하여 연료를 각 실린더에 공급할 수 있어서 다점분사식 가스엔진의 설계가 가능하여 연소효율향상 등 엔진의 성능향상이 가능하다.When converting a turbocharger diesel engine to a gas engine such as LNG or when the engine mounting space is narrow, such as in an agricultural tractor, the intake manifold must be miniaturized and installed. Therefore, fuel can be supplied to each cylinder, allowing the design of a multi-point injection gas engine to improve engine performance, such as improving combustion efficiency.

도면 1은 흡입 매니폴드의 구조를 나타낸다.
도면 2는 종래기술에 의한 천연가스가 분사되는 구조를 나타낸다.
도면 3은 본 발명에 따르는흡입포트 2에 천연가스의 분사기가 설치된 구조를 나타낸다.
도면 4는 천연가스의 분사기가 설치되는 구조의 확대도이다.1 shows the structure of the intake manifold.
Figure 2 shows a structure in which natural gas is injected according to the prior art.
Figure 3 shows a structure in which an injector of natural gas is installed in the suction port 2 according to the present invention.
4 is an enlarged view of a structure in which an injector of natural gas is installed.

먼저 도면 1에서 흡입 매니폴드(1)는 상부에 위치하는 서지탱크(2)와 흡입공기를 각 실린더로 분배해주는 런너(3)로 구성된다. First, in Figure 1, the intake manifold (1) is composed of a surge tank (2) located on the upper portion and a runner (3) for distributing the intake air to each cylinder.

또 도면 2을 참조하면, 기존의 다점분사식 가스엔진에서는 연료분사기(5)는 흡입매니폴드(1)의 런너 (3)의 끝단에 설치되어 연료는 공기와 혼합되어 흡입포트(12)를 지나 흡입밸브(13)을 통과하여 실린더헤드(16)의 연소실(14)에 공급된다. Also, referring to FIG. 2, in the conventional multi-point injection gas engine, the fuel injector 5 is installed at the end of the runner 3 of the intake manifold 1, so that the fuel is mixed with air and sucked through the intake port 12. It is supplied to the combustion chamber 14 of the cylinder head 16 through the valve 13.

도면 1에서 흡입 매니폴드(1)는 흡입공기의 유동을 안정화시켜주는 서지탱크(2)와 흡입공기를 각 실린더에 분배하여 주는 런너(3)로 구성되며, 일반적으로 연료분사기는 런너(3)의 끝단에 설치된다. 흡입매니폴드의 런너(3)가 짧거나 없어서 런너에 연료분사기(8)를 설치할 수 없는 경우에는 실린더의 연소실(7)에 연료주입연결관을 설치하여 이곳에 연료분사기(8)를 연결하여 설치함으로써 연료를 흡입포트에 공급하고 공기와의 혼합공기는 흡입밸브(6)를 통하여 연소실(7)에 공급된다. In Figure 1, the intake manifold (1) is composed of a surge tank (2) that stabilizes the flow of intake air and a runner (3) that distributes intake air to each cylinder. In general, the fuel injector is a runner (3) installed at the end of If the fuel injector (8) cannot be installed on the runner because the runner (3) of the intake manifold is short or missing, install a fuel injection connection pipe in the combustion chamber (7) of the cylinder and connect the fuel injector (8) here. By doing so, fuel is supplied to the intake port, and mixed air with air is supplied to the combustion chamber (7) through the intake valve (6).

다음은 본 발명에 대하여 설명한다. Next, the present invention will be described.

본 발명에 따르는 도면 3을 참조하면 흡입 매니폴드(23)는 실린더의 연소실(27)으로 연결된다. Referring to Figure 3 according to the present invention, the intake manifold 23 is connected to the combustion chamber 27 of the cylinder.

천연가스(LNG)를 사용하는 엔진은, 외부로부터 연료가 흡입되고 실린더로 연결되는 흡입포트(22)를 구비한 실린더 헤드(25)와; 상기 실린더 헤드(25)의 흡입포트(22) 내에 끝단이 위치하고 천연가스가 분사되는 노즐을 구비한 천연가스 분사기로 구성된다.An engine using natural gas (LNG) includes a cylinder head 25 having a suction port 22 connected to a cylinder through which fuel is sucked from the outside; The end is located in the suction port 22 of the cylinder head 25 and is composed of a natural gas injector having a nozzle through which natural gas is injected.

상기 구성에서 실린더 헤드의 흡입포트는 흡입 매니폴드의 런너로 연결되어 흡입공기는 흡입매니폴드의 런너를 지나 실린더헤드의 흡입포트를 지나게 되는데 실린더로 연결되는 흡입포트에는 천연가스를 분사하는 천연가스 분사노즐의 끝단이 위치하여 흡입포트를 지나는 공기와 혼합되어 실린더의 내부로 공급된다.In the above configuration, the suction port of the cylinder head is connected to the runner of the intake manifold, so that the intake air passes through the runner of the intake manifold and the suction port of the cylinder head. Natural gas injection that injects natural gas into the suction port connected to the cylinder The tip of the nozzle is located so that it is mixed with the air passing through the suction port and supplied to the inside of the cylinder.

이때 공기가 흡입포트를 지날 때 천연가스를 분사하는 천연가스 분사노즐의 끝단으로부터 천연가스는 벤투리효과에 자동적으로 흡입포트로 분사되어 공기와 혼합된다.At this time, natural gas from the end of the natural gas injection nozzle that injects natural gas when air passes through the suction port is automatically injected into the suction port due to the venturi effect and mixed with air.

공기와 혼합되어 실린더의 내부로 공급된 천연가스는 피스톤에 의해서 압축되어 전기점화장치의 불꽃에 의해 연소되어 폭발하게 된다.Natural gas mixed with air and supplied to the inside of the cylinder is compressed by the piston and is combusted by the spark of the electric ignition device and explodes.

실린더의 내에서 흡입, 압축, 폭발 및 배기과정은 통상의 가솔린 엔진에서의 과정과 동일하다.The intake, compression, explosion, and exhaust processes in the cylinder are the same as those in a normal gasoline engine.

천연 가스가 가지고 있는 최대의 장점은, 대기를 오염시키지 않는다는 것으로 천연가스가 연소될 때 발생하는 것은 대부분이 물과 이산화탄소 뿐이므로 자동차의 배기가스로 인한 환경오염을 줄일 수 있는 효과가 있다.The greatest advantage of natural gas is that it does not pollute the atmosphere, and since most of what is generated when natural gas is combusted is only water and carbon dioxide, it is effective in reducing environmental pollution caused by automobile exhaust gases.

22: 흡입포트 23: 흡입 매니폴드 26: 실린더 헤드 27: 연소실22: suction port 23: intake manifold 26: cylinder head 27: combustion chamber

Claims (3)

외부로부터 연료가 흡입되고 실린더로 연결되는 흡입포트를 구비한 실린더 헤드와;
상기 실린더 헤드의 흡입포트 내에 끝단이 위치하고 천연가스가 분사되는 노즐을 구비하 천연가스 분사기를 구비한 천연가스(LNG)를 사용하는 엔진
a cylinder head having a suction port through which fuel is sucked from the outside and connected to the cylinder;
An engine using natural gas (LNG) having a natural gas injector having an end positioned in the suction port of the cylinder head and having a nozzle through which natural gas is injected
 청구항 1항에 있어서,
흡입포트를 지나는 공기와 천연가스는 벤투리효과에 자동적으로 혼합되는 천연가스(LNG)를 사용하는 엔진
The method according to claim 1,
An engine using natural gas (LNG) where air and natural gas passing through the intake port are automatically mixed into the venturi effect.
 청궁항 1항 또는 2항에 있어서,
실린더의 내부로 공급된 천연가스는 불꽃에 의해 압축 발화되는 천연가스(LNG)를 사용하는 엔진
According to claim 1 or 2, Cheonggung Port,
An engine using natural gas (LNG), which is ignited by compression by a spark, the natural gas supplied into the cylinder
KR1020200132915A 2020-10-14 2020-10-14 The Engine Using a Liquid Natural Gas KR20220049374A (en)

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