KR20220039490A - Wireless-base solar power plant system - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a solar power generating system based on Internet of Things (IoT) and a wireless communication device technology. The solar power generating system of the present invention relates to a management system of a solar power generation facility. The management system of the solar power generation facility comprises: at least one solar power generation facility; a server; a sever gateway communicatively connected to the at least one solar power generation facility and the server in a wired or wireless manner and connected to an air electric communication network in a wired or wireless manner; and at least one manager terminal communicatively connected to the server gateway through the air electric communication network.

Description

Wireless-driven solar power generation system {WIRELESS-BASE SOLAR POWER PLANT SYSTEM}

The present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation system, and more particularly, to a photovoltaic power generation system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) and wireless communication device technology.

Solar power generation facilities, which have a lifespan of about 20 years, started to be distributed about 10 years ago and are now gradually being established. there is.

Since the solar cell, which is the core of the above-described solar power generation facility, is installed outside, it is exposed to various foreign substances such as natural snow, rain, and dust. These foreign substances are easy to accumulate on the solar cell, and the accumulated foreign substances physically block the sunlight, reducing the amount of power generation of the solar cell, and ultimately leads to a decrease in the overall power generation of the solar power generation facility. The possibility of individual failure of the solar power generation facility to which the solar cell is connected increases.

Therefore, maintenance before and after the operation of the photovoltaic power plant is essential, and in the maintenance of such photovoltaic power plant, it is most important for the manager to detect an abnormality or failure of the photovoltaic power plant.

In particular, it is important to individually determine which of the multiple solar cells included in the photovoltaic power generation facility is faulty and which one is faulty. This is because they are installed on a wide area of land, and these facilities are operated unmanned.

Therefore, there is a need for a means for diagnosing each solar cell's fault or operation abnormality and condition from a remote location, and means for diagnosing the failure diagnosis or operation abnormality of these solar cells are developed and provided in various forms. is becoming For example, Patent Registration No. 10-1023445 provides a solar cell module remote monitoring and control system. The registered patent includes a solar cell module control device including a sensor sensing unit and a switching unit for sensing voltage and current, a connection terminal box equipped with the solar cell module control device, and a central control system, the central control system Provided is a solar cell module remote monitoring and control system in which the state of the solar cell module is measured according to a data transmission command, and the central control system controls the operation state of each part accordingly.

In addition, Patent Publication No. 10-2014-0111744 provides a method for setting a wireless communication network of a solar power monitoring system.

The above patent discloses a method of configuring a digital wireless network to operate as a single gigantic network by combining a plurality of independent digital wireless communication networks identified by PAN IDs, installing a super network on the upper layer.

In addition, Patent Publication No. 10-2016-0126844 discloses a sequential wireless transmission system of monitoring data for solar power generation facilities, and Patent Registration No. 10-1777195 discloses a connection panel for a solar power generation device having a photovoltaic power generation fault diagnosis remote monitoring monitoring system. is starting

It was determined that the above-mentioned registered patents and published patents have different specific components or operation methods from the present invention, and in addition, the solar cell monitoring and control methods disclosed in various ways are also configured and operated differently from the present invention. were judged to be different.

The present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation system of a different type from the above technologies, and more particularly, in a complex sensor module implemented by fusion of communication device technology with each sensor module of smoke and temperature and humidity sensors and current and voltage sensors. The purpose is to provide a solar power generation system that transmits the acquired data to a server through a wired/wireless communication module and monitors the entire data by sharing information for each power generation system.

One or more solar power generation facilities and a server, and a server-side gateway and the server-side gateway that are communicatively connected to the server and the one or more solar power generation facilities by wire or wirelessly and are also connected to a public telecommunication network by wire or wirelessly As a management system of a solar power generation facility comprising one or more manager terminals that are communicatively connected through a gateway and a public telecommunication network,

Each of the one or more solar power generation facilities includes one or more solar cells; a connection panel that is communicatively connected to the one or more solar cells and one or more wires or wirelessly; and a power generation-side gateway communicatively connected to the connection panel by wire or wirelessly, wherein the server includes: a communication unit communicatively connected to the server-side gateway by wire or wirelessly; a database unit for classifying and storing one or more data received through the communication unit; and a control unit for performing fault diagnosis and analysis using one or more data stored in the database unit, generating a result, and transmitting the result to the manager terminal,

The one or more manager terminals each include a display that visually provides information to a user and provides an interface for the user to input and output; control applications; And it provides a management system of the solar power generation facility including a terminal communication unit for communication with the server-side gateway.

In the above, the one or more solar cells may each include a power generation measuring device for measuring the power generation amount of the corresponding solar cell; voltage meter to measure voltage; current meter to measure current; And it includes a communication device for transmitting the amount of power generation, voltage and current data generated by the measurement of the power generation measuring device, the voltage measuring device, and the current measuring device.

At least three solar cells are configured in the above, and any one of the respective communication devices included in the three or more solar cells is communicatively connected to the connection panel by wire or wirelessly, and the other two or more communication devices and the connection It is preferable that the communication device connected to the panel be wirelessly connected to each other in the form of a linear network topology.

Communication for determining whether a transmission destination value and a reception communication device value are the same in order to transmit data to another communication device connected thereto with respect to at least three or more communication devices connected by wireless communication in the form of a linear network topology as described above connection confirmation step (S11); In the step (S11), if the two values are the same, a data packet transmission step (S13) of transmitting a data packet (DP) including the position variable value (m) of the solar cell; a response packet transmission step (S14) in which the communication device that has received the data packet (DP) through the step (S13) transmits a response packet (RP) to the communication device that has transmitted the data packet (DP); an arrival comparison step (S15) of determining whether the position variable value (m) of the data packet (DP) matches the communication device number (n) of the communication device connected to the connection panel after the step (S14); And if the location variable value m is the same as the communication device number n in step S15, the data packet DP is transmitted to a connection panel to which the communication device receiving the data packet DP is connected. to complete the communication, and if the position variable value (m) is not the same as the communication device number (n) in the step (S15), a position variable adjustment step (S16) of adding 1 to the position variable value (m) ; After performing the step (S16), the receiver transmits the notice packet (AP) to another communication device wirelessly connected with the data packet (DP) after performing the notice step (S17), the communication A connection check step (S11) is performed.

In the above, in the communication connection confirmation step (S11), if the transmission destination value and the receiving communication device value are not the same, a communication failure notification step (S12) of determining a communication error and notifying the result to the terminal 500 of the manager is carried out .

In the above, the data packet DP includes power generation amount, voltage, and current data of the solar cell, a unique address of the solar cell, and a location variable value of the solar cell.

In the above, the database unit includes an external DB for storing data provided through a public telecommunication network; a power generation DB for classifying and storing data provided by the solar power generation facility; And it is preferable to include a processing DB for storing the data processed by the control unit.

In the above, the control unit may include: a data cleaning program for removing or correcting defective or missing data according to a predetermined defect criterion with respect to one or more data stored in the database unit; a data standardization program for generating new data by converting and processing one or more data stored in the database unit for easy analysis, and storing the data in the database unit; a failure diagnosis program for determining whether a solar cell in the photovoltaic power generation facility has a failure according to a predetermined failure criterion with respect to one or more data stored in the database unit; and an analysis and prediction program for generating target data by analyzing and predicting using one or more data stored in the database unit, and providing it to the manager terminal.

Any one of the failure criteria determined above is that the generation amount threshold Pn is less than the minimum threshold Pmin compared with the preset minimum threshold Pmin and maximum threshold Pmax with respect to the generation amount threshold Pn. Or, if it exceeds the maximum threshold (Pmax), it may be determined as a failure, otherwise it may be determined as a normal operation.

In the above, any one of the predetermined failure criteria is to determine that the accumulated power generation amount obtained by accumulating the power generation amount Pw is determined to be a failure if the accumulated power generation amount is 0 or decreased, otherwise it is determined as a normal operation. can

In the above, the analysis and prediction program actually analyzes and predicts data in order to generate the data desired by the manager and calculates the target data, and performs data mining on the predicted data and the data accumulated and stored in the database unit Therefore, it is desirable to include two functions: a function to increase the accuracy of prediction.

The analysis and prediction program in the above includes a neural network algorithm, and the analysis and prediction program is the analysis and prediction program of the specific data predetermined in the analysis and prediction program through the manager terminal in order to calculate the data desired by the manager. data generation request step (S21) for requesting generation; After the step (S21), a neural network configuration step (S22) of constructing a neural network in which the analysis and prediction program is divided into an input layer and an output layer; a data analysis step (S23) of analyzing data based on the neural network generated in the step (S22); After the step (S23), a data generating step (S24) of generating at least two or more data, including the target data and the by-product data, and storing the by-product data in the external DB; And a terminal transmission step (S25) of transmitting the target data to the terminal of the manager is performed.

According to the present invention, by minimizing the communication wired line between the solar cells of the power generation facility, it is possible to minimize the risk of communication failure or disconnection and safety accidents due to the failure of the physical line, and also it is possible to effectively provide failure information to the manager. and the administrator can provide the desired information.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system of the present invention;
2 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication connection of the system of the present invention;
Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the communication connection within the solar power generation facility of the present invention.
4 is a structural diagram of data transmission/reception between communication devices according to the present invention;
5 is a flowchart of data transmission/reception steps between communication devices according to the present invention.
6 is a detailed structural diagram of a server and a terminal according to the present invention.
7 is a flowchart of steps for generating target data in the server of the present invention;
8 to 10 are exemplary diagrams of a terminal control application of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description is provided to help the understanding and practice of the present invention, but is not intended to limit the present invention thereto. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications or variations can be made within the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims below.

1 is an overall simplified structural diagram of a management system for a solar power generation facility of the present invention. Hereinafter, the components used in the management system of the photovoltaic power generation facility of the present invention will be briefly described with reference to FIG. 1 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , the management system of the photovoltaic power generation facility of the present invention includes one or more photovoltaic power generation facilities 10 . The photovoltaic power generation facility 10 includes components of currently used photovoltaic power generation facilities, that is, one or more solar cells 100 and connection board 200 that actually generate power, and one or more inverters and converters in addition to them. includes all

Here, the solar power generation facility 10 of the present invention includes a power generation-side gateway 310 for transmitting information or data by communicating with the outside by wire or wirelessly, in addition to the components of the general solar power generation facility as described above. It should contain more than one.

And the system of the present invention is connected to the power generation-side gateway 310 by wire or wirelessly, and one or more server-side gateways 320 that can communicate with each other, and the server-side gateway 320 and wired or wireless information or It includes a server 400 capable of transmitting and receiving data. Accordingly, when the solar power generation facility 10 transmits information through the power generation-side gateway 310 , the server-side gateway 320 receives it and transmits it to the server 400 .

In addition, the server-side gateway 320 is connected to the Internet, ie, a public telecommunication network by wire or wirelessly, and transmits a data request signal to a specific site or server of the public telecommunication network, or transmits information or data to be provided. It can be received and delivered to the server 400 .

And the system of the present invention includes one or more terminals 500 used by an administrator who uses the system of the present invention. The terminal 500 can visually provide a storage device in which a computing device and a program can be installed, a communication device that can be connected to a public telecommunication network by wire or wirelessly, and information, data, or output results to be provided to the manager. It is possible to select and use any one or more of all types of devices including a display. For example, you can use a desktop computer, laptop, tablet, or smartphone.

2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a communication connection state between the solar power generation facility 10, the server 400, the terminal 500, and a public telecommunication network in the system of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 to 5 are It shows in detail the communication connection state and sequence between the solar power generation facility 10 and the server 400 in the system of the present invention. Hereinafter, a communication form in the system of the present invention will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 .

As described above, the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 may provide data to the server 400 through its power generation-side gateway 310, wherein the provided data includes the amount of power generation (Pw) and the measured voltage ( V) and current (I).

As shown in FIG. 3 , each of the solar cells 100 in the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 generates a power generation amount (Pw), a voltage (V), and a current (I) of electric energy produced by their own power generation. In order to measure, a power generation meter 110 , a voltage meter 120 , and a current meter 130 are installed, respectively.

Here, the measuring devices 110 , 120 , and 130 each have a configuration for measuring the amount of power generation (Pw), voltage (V), and current (I), etc. Since the measurement method may also use a method generally used in the prior art, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3 , the solar cells 100 are provided with a communication device 140 for transmitting and receiving various data Pw, V, and I measured by the measuring devices 110 , 120 , 130 , respectively. do.

Here, the measuring devices 110 , 120 , 130 and the communication device 140 are individually mounted in each solar cell 100 . For example, if another solar cell 2 ( 100b ) in addition to the solar cell 1 ( 100a ) is included in the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 , the solar cell 2 ( 100b ) also includes each of the power generation meter 110b and voltage The measuring device 120b, the current measuring device 130b, and the communication device 140b are installed.

As described above, each of the measuring devices 110 , 120 , 130 individually installed in the solar cell 100 includes the individual power generation amounts (Pw1, Pw2...), voltages (V1, V2...), Currents I1, I2... are sent to the connection panel 200 .

At this time, the connection state between the plurality of solar cells is connected in the same state as in FIG. 3 , and the dotted line in FIG. 3 shows the connection state between the communication devices 140 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the communication devices 140 are connected in a linear network topology form, and for data transmission, they are continuously transmitted to the communication devices connected thereto, and finally to the connection panel 200 . It takes the form of handing over. For example, in order for the battery communication device 1 (140a) to finally transmit data to the connection panel 200, the battery communication device 2 (140b), the battery communication device 3 (140c), and the battery communication device 4 It is transmitted to the nth (final) battery communication device 140n connected to the connection panel through (140d)... Transmission of data can be achieved by transmitting data to the connection panel 200 .

The reason for selecting and using the connection type as described above is the connection between the communication devices 140 and the connection between the communication device 140 and the connection panel 200 and the power generation-side gateway 310 in the connection panel 200 . This is because it is preferable to do it wirelessly. As described in the effects of the present invention, one of the objects of the present invention is to completely exclude or minimize the wired communication connection between each component in the solar power generation facility 10 included in the system of the present invention, and all wireless communication This is because it is intended to exclude as much as possible the risk of bad communication or safety accidents due to the shortcomings of wired connection, for example, physical damage or breakdown of the line, short circuit, etc.

However, due to the nature of the power generation facility 10 in which the solar cells 100 are widely spread and arranged, all the communication devices 140 are directly connected one-to-one with the connection panel 200 through short wireless communication. ) It is difficult to build a topological network. Accordingly, by making the network form linear, all the communication devices 140 are connected to transmit data efficiently.

4 is a diagram illustrating data movement between the communication devices 140 , and FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating the data movement sequence of FIG. 4 . Hereinafter, a data transmission sequence between the communication devices 140 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 .

As described above, since a linear network topology is formed between the communication device 140, the connection panel 200, and the power generation-side gateway 310, it is important to check exactly at which point data is transmitted between data transmissions. It is important. If the data generated and transmitted by the solar cell 1 ( 100a ) is transformed into that generated by another solar cell while going back and forth between various communication devices, this is the measurement content of the solar cell 1 ( 100a ) that is the subject of data transmission The possibility of such an accident should be excluded because not only cannot know whether there is a failure by concealing the solar cell, but also incorrectly inform the manager that other normal solar cells are in a failure state.

Even if the extreme situation as described above is not assumed, a large amount of data must be processed in one direction through wireless communication, but there is a possibility of communication failure due to overlapping signals of transmission and reception packets. It becomes necessary to specify and use the protocol of

Accordingly, communication is performed as shown in FIG. 4 . As shown in FIG. 4 , the battery communication device 1 ( 140a ) wirelessly connects to the battery communication device 2 ( 140b ) the data generated by measuring the detectors ( 110 to 130a ) of the solar cell 1 ( 100a ). ) to transmit data wirelessly, a communication connection confirmation step (S11) of determining whether the transmission destination value and the receiving communication device value are the same is performed prior to transmission.

In the above step (S11), if the two values are not the same, it means that communication is not smooth. inform

And, if the two values are the same in step S11, it means that communication is smoothly performed, so a data packet transmission step S13 of transferring the data packet DP to the battery communication device 2 140b is performed. do

The data packet DP transmitted in the step S13 is the amount of power generation Pw1 and the voltage V1 of the solar cell 1 100a measured and derived by various measuring instruments connected to the battery communication device 1 140a. ) and the current (I1) data, the solar cell 1 which is uniquely determined in advance by the administrator and is an ID or unique number that can exclusively identify the solar cell 1 (100a) in the solar power generation facility 10 It is preferable to include the unique address (addr) of and the position variable value (m) of the corresponding solar cell 1. For example, the position variable value (m) of the solar cell may be set to 1 as shown in FIG. 4, and the position variable value (m) is a value that increases as the transmission between communication devices is repeated. .

As described above, since the unique address addr and the location variable value m are included in the data packet DP, the server 400 can recognize where the data packet DP was issued, and also The data packet DP can be stably transmitted to the connection panel 200 .

As described above, if the data packet DP is transmitted to the second battery communication device 140b by performing the step S13 of transmitting the data packet DP, the second battery communication device 140b is connected to itself. and performs a response packet transmission step (S14) of transmitting a response packet (RP) informing that the data packet (DP) has been received to the battery communication device 1 (140a) that has transmitted the data packet (DP) to itself do.

By receiving the response packet RP, the battery communication device 1 140a can recognize that the data packet DP it has transmitted has been successfully delivered.

After the step S14, an arrival comparison step S15 of comparing the position variable value m in the data packet DP with the last communication device number n is performed.

If, in step S15, the position variable value (m) is the same as the last communication device number (n), communication is completed, and the last communication device (140n) sends the data packet (DP) to the connection panel. you just have to send

And if the location variable value m and the last communication device number n do not match, it means that the data packet DP has not yet reached the last communication device 140n, so the location variable value m ) and the position variable adjustment step (S16) of adding 1 is performed.

Through the above step (S16), the data packet (DP) moves in one direction along the connected wireless communication network while the position value (m) is cumulatively increased, so that it can finally move to the last communication device (140n). .

After the step (S16), the communication device having the current data packet (DP), in this case, the battery communication device 2 is connected to itself, and notices that the data packet will be transmitted to the battery communication device 3, which has a communication device number 1 higher than itself A notice step (S17) of transmitting an advance notice packet (AP), which is a notice signal, is performed.

After the step (S17), the data packet (DP) moves to the last communication device (140n) along the network set step by step after confirming whether the communication is smooth by performing the communication connection check step (S11) recursively after the step (S17), Communication can be completed by performing step S18 in the last communication device 140n.

As described above, when the data packet DP including each generation amount (Pw), voltage (V) and current (I1) data is transmitted to the connection panel 200, the connection panel 200 is the power generation-side gateway Transmits it to 310, the power generation-side gateway 310 transmits it to the connected server-side gateway 320, and the server-side gateway 320 receives the power generation amount (Pw), voltage (V) and current (I) By transmitting data to the server 400 , the respective power generation data Pw, V, I in the solar power generation facility 10 is transmitted to the server 400 .

In addition, the server 400 may collect and receive various data from an external electric communication network for fire detection, fault diagnosis, and data analysis of the corresponding solar power generation facility. Preferably, the temperature (t), atmospheric pressure (p), humidity (wt), Insolation (wq), wind (wn), total cloudiness (c), sunrise time (sr), and sunset time (ss) data can be provided through the Korea Meteorological Administration data and open API (Application Programming Interface) such as OpenWeather.

For example, if the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 is installed in Sejong City, the weather data (t, p, wt, wq, wn, c, sr, ss) of Sejong City are transmitted through the Meteorological Agency data and OpenWeather API. should be provided.

In addition, the manager's terminal 500 may also receive the processed data from the server 400 through a public telecommunication line such as the Internet.

6 is a structural diagram illustrating specific components of the server 400 and the terminal 500 . Hereinafter, specific components and operations of the server 400 and the terminal 500 will be described with reference to FIG. 6 .

Prior to the description, the server 400 includes one or more arithmetic devices and memory devices for performing the functions and operations described below, which can be achieved using a general server computer or other computer devices. Descriptions of components and operations will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 6, the server 400 is connected to the server-side gateway 320 by wire or wirelessly, and a communication unit 410 capable of receiving data transmitted from the server-side gateway 320; And it includes a database unit 420 for storing the data received through the communication unit 410, the solar power generation facility 10 and public telecommunication lines such as the Internet.

In this case, the database unit 420 preferably includes an external DB 421, a power generation DB 422, and a processing DB 423. The external DB 421 is the data provided by the public telecommunication line. , preferably, the weather data (t, p, wt, wq, wn, c, sr, ss) is stored separately by date.

If there are two or more solar power generation facilities 10, and it is necessary to store weather data (t, p, wt, wq, wn, c, sr, ss) of two or more regions, the weather DB ( 421), it is desirable to configure sub-databases divided by region and store them individually.

In addition, it is preferable that the power generation DB 422 stores the power generation data Pw, V, I provided by the solar power generation facility 10 by date.

If there are two or more solar power generation facilities 10, it is necessary to store the respective power generation data (Pw, V, I) provided by the two or more solar power generation facilities 10, the power generation DB ( 421), it is desirable to organize sub-databases divided by facilities and store them individually.

In addition, the power generation data (Pw, V, I), as described above, in the photovoltaic power generation facility 10, each solar cell 100 has its own individual power generation amount (Pw1, Pw2...), electric power (V1) , V2...) and currents I1, I2...) are individually sent to the server 400, and the power generation DB 422 is each 10), it is preferable to separate and store the respective power generation data (Pw, V, I). For example, in order to individually store the power generation data Pw1, V1, I1 for the solar cell 1 100, the power generation DB 421 is preferably divided into three layers and stored. The layer for the solar power generation facility 10 in the entire power generation DB 421, which is a layer, is divided into a layer for the individual solar cells 100 as a lower layer, and the power generation data Pw1, V1 of the solar cells 100 , I1) are preferably stored separately.

The reason for doing this is to enable individual fire detection and fault diagnosis for each of the solar cells 100 in the solar power generation facility 10 .

In addition, the server 400 includes a control unit 430 for generating data by performing fire detection, fault diagnosis, and analysis using various data stored in the database unit 420 .

The control unit 430 includes a data cleaning program 431 , a data shaping program 432 , a failure diagnosis program 433 , and an analysis and prediction program 434 to perform the above operations.

The components in the control unit 430 are described. The data cleaning program 431 removes and corrects defective or missing data according to a predetermined defect criterion for various data stored in the database unit 420 . It is a program that can be used for data analysis.

In this case, the determined defect criterion set in the data cleaning program 431 may be determined and input by an administrator. For example, if an excessively low or high value continues with respect to the amount of power generation (Pw) of any of the above data, it may be a failure of the corresponding solar cell or a failure of the measuring device. If it loses, it is determined as noise, and the data cleaning program 431 removes it and corrects it according to the determined defect criterion.

As described above, the data that has passed through the data cleaning program 431 is updated and stored in the database unit 420 in which it is stored.

In addition, the data standardization program 432 is a program that converts and processes various data stored in the database unit 420 for easy analysis.

Here, the newly produced data processed through the data standardization program 432 is a separate database allocated to a lower layer in the database unit 420, for example, a separate processing as shown in FIG. 6 . It may be stored in the DB 423 .

In addition, the failure diagnosis program 433 is a program for judging the failure of various data stored in the database unit 420 according to a predetermined failure criterion and notifying the manager's terminal 500 .

In this case, the failure criteria set in the failure diagnosis program 433 may be determined and input by the administrator. For example, if an excessively low or high value continues with respect to the amount of power generation (Pw) of any solar cell in the above data, it may be a failure of the corresponding solar cell or the measuring device is in a malfunctioning state. is to make it

Table 1 below is an example of a failure diagnosis standard that can be used in the failure diagnosis program 433 .

data state explanation normal If data reception is smooth and there is no fault condition, it is judged as “normal”. breakdown generation threshold exceeded (Proportional to facility capacity)
1. Current generation threshold (Pn) = Last data time and current data time difference × power generation per minute
2. Power generation per minute (Pw/m) = Power generation capacity (Pw) / min
3. Minimum and maximum threshold settings, fault determination when the current generation threshold is less than the minimum threshold or exceeds the maximum threshold protocol error 1. When the data in the communication device does not conform to the specified protocol (when the data size does not match or when the power factor exceeds 100%)
2. When the accumulated power generation (or production) is Null accumulated value 0 1. When the accumulated power generation (or production) is 0 Accumulated value decrease 1. In case the accumulated power generation (or production) has decreased compared to the previous value transmission value error 1. When the value to be transmitted does not come

If described with the failure criteria in Table 1 as an example, first, there may be an error determination with respect to the amount of power generation (Pw). 100), a power generation per minute (Pw/m) and a current generation amount threshold Pn may be calculated with respect to the power generation amount Pw.

Here, in order to determine whether there is a failure with the current generation threshold Pn, the minimum threshold Pmin and the maximum threshold Pmax are set, which are calculated and input by the administrator when the system of the present invention is built. is the value The control unit 430 compares the current generation threshold Pn with the minimum threshold Pmin and the maximum threshold Pmax, and if the current generation threshold Pn is less than the minimum threshold Pmin, or the maximum If it has a value exceeding the threshold Pmax, it is determined as a failure and notifies to the terminal 500 of the manager. Otherwise, it is determined as normal.

Another failure criterion is a communication protocol error. If step S12 is performed due to an error between the communication devices 140 or another communication error is detected, it may be determined as a failure of the communication device.

As another example, the failure criterion relates to the accumulated value of the amount of power generation. In the database unit 420, the generation amount (Pw) of the day continuously measured for a certain solar cell will be stored for each hour, and the cumulative amount of generation (or production) for the day, which is the sum of these, is a trend that continues to increase even if there is a deviation. It can be seen that it is operating normally only by showing . However, if the accumulated power generation (or production) is 0 or decreases, this means that the measured power generation Pw is 0 or has a negative value, which means that the solar cell is malfunctioning or the measuring device Since there is a possibility of a failure of the terminal 500 , it is determined as a failure and can be notified to the terminal 500 .

Alternatively, when data to be received and stored in the database unit 420 is not received every time, it is determined as a failure because there is a possibility that one or more of the measuring instrument or the data transmission/reception component is malfunctioning and the terminal 500 is sent to the terminal 500 . you will be notified of this.

And, if it is not included in the failure criteria as described above, it may be determined as a normal operating state.

And the analysis and prediction program 434 uses various data stored in the database unit 420 and various data stored in the processing DB 423 to analyze and predict to generate the data required by the manager. It functions to provide this to the terminal 500 .

In this case, the data required by the manager is set in the controller 430 in advance when the manager builds the system of the present invention. In addition, in order for the analysis and prediction program 434 to generate the data required by the manager, the data shaping program 432 generates data that is a basis for calculating the data required by the manager as processed data. and stored in the processing DB 423 .

Accordingly, the data transmitted from the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 to the server 400, the data received from a public telecommunication network such as the Internet, and the data generated and stored by the data standardization program 432 are all It is determined by the administrator when constructing the system of the present invention, and all of the data in the above description is a preferred example. Likewise, the data presented below are also exemplary, and those skilled in the art will be able to understand these processes and products.

When the operation and output of the analysis and prediction program 434 are described as an example, the analysis and prediction program 434 largely includes two functions, one of which is to analyze data to generate data that the manager actually wants. and to calculate the data desired by the manager, and the other is to increase the accuracy of prediction by performing data mining on the predicted data and the data accumulated and stored in the existing database unit 420 .

Therefore, for the latter function, the analysis and prediction program 434 preferably includes a neural network algorithm that is easy to learn, and the analysis and prediction program 434 is based on prediction in the processing DB 423. It is desirable to accumulate the result data and store it separately.

If the operation of the analysis and prediction program 434 is described as an example based on the above two functions, among the data that the analysis and prediction program 434 produces and provides to the terminal 500 , Either one may be a power generation trend analysis and prediction data (Power Estimate Data; PED).

The sequence for producing the generation amount trend analysis data (PED) as described above is shown in FIG. 7 . Hereinafter, how the power generation trend analysis data (PED) is generated in the analysis and prediction program 434 will be described with reference to FIG. 7 .

Prior to the description, it is an exemplary part to describe the generation of the generation trend analysis and prediction data (PED) as an example below, and the remaining data in addition to the generation trend analysis and prediction data (PED) are in the same order as the following. method, and those skilled in the art will be able to understand how data other than the power generation trend analysis and prediction data (PED) is analyzed to derive result data through the following description.

Based on the above description, a data calculation method of the analysis and prediction program 434 will be described.

In order to generate the power generation trend analysis data (PED), a data generation request step (S21) in which the manager requests generation of predetermined specific data, in this case, the power generation trend analysis data (PED) through his/her terminal 500 carry out

When the step S21 is performed, the analysis and prediction program 434 performs the neural network construction step S22 of configuring the neural network in order to generate the target data PED.

In the neural network generated in step S22, the input layer and the output layer may be according to the preset by the administrator when constructing the system of the present invention. For example, in generating the power generation trend analysis data PED, it is preferable that the input layer be meteorological data and the output layer be power generation data.

After the step (S22) is performed, a data analysis step (S23) of analyzing data based on the neural network generated in the step (S22) is performed.

Here, as described above, in the data analysis step S23, the input layer to the neural network for generating the target data PED becomes weather data, wherein the weather data is stored in the external DB 421. It may be any one of various weather data, for example, the above-described weather data (t, p, wt, wq, wn, c, sr, ss).

In addition, the weather data may be weather forecast data provided by a public telecommunication network such as the Internet, and since the weather data stored in the external DB 321 is generally confirmed weather data in the past, the forecast data is It is desirable to receive it through the telecommunications network of

In addition, the data usable in the step (S23) is the predicted power generation data stored in the processing DB 423, produced in the past. The predicted power generation data produced in the past is stored by dividing the predicted power generation data generated as a by-product while producing the targeted power generation trend analysis data (PED) through the steps shown in FIG. 9 in the past, and the weather at that time The prediction and the predicted power generation calculated accordingly, and the hit rate according to the weather and power generation prediction are displayed, so you can check how accurate the derived weather and power generation data was. The analysis and prediction program 434 uses a plurality of predicted generation data in the processing DB 423 and adjusts related variables to increase the hit rate.

As described above, by repeating the process of continuously generating the predicted power generation data and calculating the hit ratio by measuring the error accordingly, it is possible to increase the hit ratio of the weather prediction and the calculated predicted power generation data in the predicted power generation data as a result.

A data generation step (S24) of deriving data is performed through the step (S23). Here, it is preferable to generate at least two or more data, preferably target data and by-product data.

For example, among the data produced in the above process, the by-product data is the predicted generation data produced in this step, and the target data is the generation amount trend analysis data (PED).

The predicted power generation data is stored in a separate space in the external DB 421, and after a time elapses, the hit rate of the weather prediction and the calculated predicted power generation data in the predicted power generation data generated through the step S4 is to some extent It is calculated and stored by adding it in the external DB 421 . The predicted power generation data generated through the completed step S4 can be used for the next operation of the analysis and prediction program 434 .

In addition, since the generated power generation trend analysis data (PED) is the target data, a terminal transmission step (S25) of transmitting it to the terminal 500 is performed to end all steps.

Power generation trend analysis data (PED) can be generated through the above steps (S21 to S25), and other data can also be generated through the same steps (S21 to S25). For example, if it is desired to generate reverse transmission cost prediction data, the system limit price value (SMP), which changes every hour, is accumulated and stored for each hour in the power generation DB 422, and when there is a request, the system limit price Using any one or more data stored in the power generation DB 422, such as the value (SMP) and the amount of power generation (Pw) as an input layer, and the reverse transmission ratio predicted value as an output layer, the reverse transmission ratio prediction data can be generated, Here, the reverse power transmission ratio prediction data accumulated and stored in the processing DB 423 may be used, and the reverse power transmission ratio prediction data generated this time may be stored in the processing DB 423 .

And the terminal 500 receives the data provided from the server 400 as described above and visually provides it to the manager, and also provides an input interface for the manager to request specific data required from the server 400 In order to provide information, a display 510 and a control application 520 that visually provide information to the user and an interface necessary for input and output by the user, and a terminal communication unit 530 for communication with the server-side gateway 320 are provided. include

8 to 10 are exemplary screens of the control application 520 . 6 shows the overall operation status, FIG. 7 is a failure distribution and location of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 belonging to the present invention, and FIG. 8 shows the installation location of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 belonging to the present invention. will be.

10: solar power generation facility. 100: solar cell.
200: junction panel. 310: power generation-side gateway.
320 : Server-side gateway. 400 : Server.
410: communication department. 420: database unit.
421: External DB. 422: Development DB.
423: processing DB. 430: control unit.
431: data cleaning program. 432: data shaping program.
433: Troubleshooting program. 434: Analysis and forecasting programs.
500 : terminal. 510: display.
520: control application. 530: terminal communication unit.

Claims (12)

One or more solar power generation facilities and a server, and a server-side gateway and the server-side gateway that are communicatively connected to the server and the one or more solar power generation facilities by wire or wireless, and are also connected to a public telecommunication network by wire or wirelessly As a management system of a solar power generation facility comprising one or more manager terminals that are communicatively connected through a gateway and a public telecommunication network,
Each of the one or more solar power generation facilities includes one or more solar cells;
a connection panel that is communicatively connected to the one or more solar cells and one or more wires or wirelessly;
and a power generation-side gateway that is communicatively connected to the connection panel by wire or wirelessly,
The server may include: a communication unit communicatively connected to the server-side gateway by wire or wirelessly;
a database unit for classifying and storing one or more data received through the communication unit;
and a control unit for performing fault diagnosis and analysis using one or more data stored in the database unit, generating a result, and transmitting the result to the manager terminal,
The one or more manager terminals each include a display that visually provides information to the user and provides an interface for the user to input and output; control applications; and a terminal communication unit for communication with the server-side gateway. According to claim 1, wherein each of the one or more solar cells is a power generation amount measuring device for measuring the amount of power generation of the corresponding solar cell; voltage meter to measure voltage; current meter to measure current; and a communication device for transmitting the generation amount, voltage, and current data generated by the generation amount measuring device, the voltage measuring device, and the current measuring device. 3. The method of claim 2,
The solar cell is composed of at least three or more, and any one of the communication devices included in the three or more solar cells is communicatively connected to the connection panel by wire or wirelessly, and the other two or more communication devices are connected to the connection panel A management system for a solar power plant, characterized in that the communication devices are wirelessly communicatively connected to each other in a linear network topology form. 4. The method of claim 3,
In order to transmit data to at least three or more communication devices connected to each other in a wireless communication method in a linear network topology form as described above, to another communication device connected thereto,
a communication connection confirmation step of determining whether the transmission destination value and the reception communication device value are the same (S11);
In the step (S11), if the two values are the same, a data packet transmission step (S13) of transmitting a data packet (DP) including the position variable value (m) of the solar cell;
a response packet transmission step (S14) in which the communication device that has received the data packet (DP) through the step (S13) transmits a response packet (RP) to the communication device that has transmitted the data packet (DP);
an arrival comparison step (S15) of determining whether the position variable value (m) of the data packet (DP) matches the communication device number (n) of the communication device connected to the connection panel after the step (S14);
And if the position variable value m is the same as the communication device number n in step S15, the data packet DP is transmitted to the connection panel to which the communication device receiving the data packet DP is connected. to complete the communication,
a position variable adjustment step (S16) of adding 1 to the position variable value (m) if the position variable value (m) is not the same as the communication device number (n) in the step (S15);
After performing the step (S16), the receiver transmits the notice packet (AP) to another communication device wirelessly connected to the receiver for the data packet (DP), after performing the notice step (S17), the communication A management system of a solar power generation facility, characterized in that performing the connection confirmation step (S11). 5. The method of claim 4,
In the communication connection confirmation step (S11), if the transmission destination value and the receiving communication device value are not the same, a communication failure notification step (S12) of determining a communication error and notifying the manager's terminal 500 of the result is performed A management system for solar power generation facilities. 5. The method of claim 4,
The data packet (DP) is a solar cell power generation amount, voltage and current data, a unique address of the solar cell, the solar cell management system, characterized in that it includes the location variable value of the solar cell. The method of claim 1,
The database unit includes an external DB for storing data provided through a public telecommunication network; a power generation DB for classifying and storing data provided by the solar power generation facility; and a processing DB for storing the data processed by the control unit, the solar power generation facility management system. The method of claim 1,
The control unit may include: a data cleaning program for removing or correcting defective or missing data according to a predetermined defect criterion with respect to one or more data stored in the database unit;
a data standardization program for generating new data by converting and processing one or more data stored in the database unit for easy analysis, and storing the data in the database unit;
a failure diagnosis program for determining whether a solar cell in the photovoltaic power generation facility has a failure according to a predetermined failure criterion for one or more data stored in the database unit;
and an analysis and prediction program for generating target data by analyzing and predicting using one or more data stored in the database unit, and providing it to the manager terminal, the solar power generation facility management system. 9. The method of claim 8,
Any one of the predetermined failure criteria is that the generation amount threshold Pn is less than the minimum threshold value Pmin as compared with the preset minimum threshold Pmin and maximum threshold Pmax with respect to the generation amount threshold Pn, or If the maximum threshold value (Pmax) is exceeded, it is determined as a failure, otherwise it is determined as a normal operation, the solar power generation facility management system. 9. The method of claim 8,
Any one of the predetermined failure criteria, with respect to the accumulated power generation obtained by accumulating the power generation amount (Pw), when the accumulated power generation amount is 0 or decreases, it is determined as a failure, otherwise it is determined as a normal operation. A management system for solar power generation facilities. 9. The method of claim 8,
The analysis and prediction program actually analyzes and predicts data in order to generate the data desired by the manager and predicts the target data by performing data mining on the predicted data and the data accumulated and stored in the database unit. A management system of a solar power plant, characterized in that it includes two functions of a function to increase the accuracy of the. 12. The method of claim 11,
The analysis and prediction program includes a neural network algorithm,
In order to calculate the data desired by the manager, the analysis and prediction program
a data generation request step (S21) in which the manager requests the generation of predetermined specific data to the analysis and prediction program through the manager terminal;
After the step (S21), a neural network configuration step (S22) of constructing a neural network in which the analysis and prediction program is divided into an input layer and an output layer;
a data analysis step (S23) of analyzing data based on the neural network generated in the step (S22);
After the step (S23), a data generating step (S24) of generating at least two or more data, including the target data and the by-product data, and storing the by-product data in the external DB;
And, the management system of a solar power generation facility, characterized in that performing a terminal transmission step (S25) of transmitting the target data to the terminal of the manager.

Images