KR20220020289A - Reducer capable of adjusting backlash - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclose is a decelerator capable of adjusting a backlash. The decelerator includes: a casing; a first fixing gear part including a first rotary shaft installed in the casing to be rotatable, and a first gear fixed to the first rotary shaft; a first support block and a second support block installed to be movable in a specific direction in the casing; a first variable gear part including a relay gear shaft combined with the first support block to be rotatable, a first relay gear fixed to the relay gear shaft and geared to the first gear, and a second relay gear fixed to the relay gear shaft; a second variable gear part including a second rotary shaft combined with the second support block to be rotatable, and a second gear fixed to the second rotary shaft and geared to the second relay gear; a first position adjustment part moving the first support block in the specific direction to adjust a center distance between the first gear and the first relay gear; and a second position adjustment part moving the second support block in the specific direction to adjust a center distance between the second gear and the second relay gear.

Description

Reducer capable of adjusting backlash}

The present invention relates to a speed reducer that transmits power from a driving shaft or an input shaft to a driven shaft or an output shaft and at the same time appropriately reduces the number of rotations. In particular, the present invention relates to a speed reducer capable of reducing noise and enabling smooth power transmission by adaptively and easily adjusting backlash between a pair of meshed gears.

As is known, a reduction gear is a power transmission device that reduces the rotational force of a prime mover or a motor to a predetermined reduction ratio and transmits it to a driven machine. At this time, the reduction ratio is also called "speed transmission ratio", and taking the simplest first gear mechanism as an example, the speed transmission ratio can be calculated as in Equation 1 below.

[Formula 1]

Velocity transfer ratio = Z ₂ / Z ₁ = n ₁ / n ₂

Here, Z ₁ is the number of teeth of the driving gear, Z ₂ is the number of teeth of the driven gear, n ₁ is the number of rotations of the driving gear, and n ₂ is the number of rotations of the driven gear, respectively. In the speed reducer, the number of teeth Z ₂ of the driven gear is larger than the number of teeth Z ₁ of the driving gear, so the speed transmission ratio is _{greater than 1 .} do. At this time, the rotational torque increases by the reduced number of rotations.

On the other hand, an appropriate backlash is required in order for the pair of meshed gears to rotate smoothly, and "backlash" refers to a gap between the tooth surfaces when the pair of gears are meshed. In general, such backlash may be classified into circumferential backlash, normal backlash, angular backlash, radial backlash, and the like. If the backlash is large, the vibration of the gear train during power transmission is severe and noise is generated, and there is a risk of aggravating the wear of the tooth surface.

Therefore, it is very important to set the appropriate backlash in the design and manufacture of the reducer. In general, when designing the reducer, set the backlash within the allowable value and precisely machine the tooth surface of the gear to match it, and then place the processed gears in the reducer casing. Fix it and make it fit.

However, as the gear teeth of the gear reducer are designed and manufactured in this way, as the tooth surfaces of the gears are gradually worn over a long period of time, a gap between the teeth surfaces is widened, leading to a situation in which it is difficult to maintain the initially set backlash. In particular, in the case of a reducer employed in a machining center or a precision plate cutting machine, high-precision, low-noise operation is required due to the nature of the work.

However, according to the prior art, the reducer is manufactured in a form in which a series of gear trains are accommodated and fixed in the casing, and then sealed or closed after injecting lubricant such as grease into the casing. In order to adjust, it is necessary to disassemble the casing, disassemble the gear, and then replace or rearrange it again, which requires a lot of time, money, and labor.

In order to overcome this limitation of the conventional reducer, various configurations of reducers capable of adjusting the backlash have been proposed (refer to Korean Patent No. 10-0658598, Korean Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-2020-0064405, etc.), but these are also complicated Since it includes a structure and a mechanism, it not only takes a lot of cost to manufacture, but also has a problem in that long-term driving reliability cannot be sufficiently secured.

The present invention was devised in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a reducer capable of easily adjusting backlash by adopting a structure capable of simply adjusting the center distance between a pair of gears to be meshed.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a speed reducer capable of adaptively adjusting the backlash according to the operating situation of the device without disassembling the casing or disassembling the gear train.

In order to achieve the above object, the speed reducer according to an aspect of the present invention includes a casing; a fixed gear unit including a first rotating shaft rotatably installed on the casing and a first gear fixed to the first rotating shaft; a support block installed to be movable in a specific direction inside the casing; a variable gear unit including a second rotation shaft rotatably coupled to the support block and a second gear fixed to the second rotation shaft and meshed with the first gear; And it may include a position adjusting unit for moving the support block in a specific direction to adjust the center distance between the first gear and the second gear.

The reducer according to an embodiment may further include a locking unit for locking and fixing the position-adjusted support block.

The reducer according to an embodiment may further include a guide unit for guiding the support block to move in a specific direction.

Reducer according to another aspect of the present invention is a casing; a first fixed gear unit including a first rotating shaft rotatably installed on the casing and a first gear fixed to the first rotating shaft; a first support block and a second support block installed to be movable in a specific direction inside the casing; A first variable gear comprising a relay gear shaft rotatably coupled to the first support block, a first relay gear fixed to the relay gear shaft and meshed with the first gear, and a second relay gear fixed to the relay gear shaft wealth; a second variable gear unit including a second rotation shaft rotatably coupled to the second support block, and a second gear fixed to the second rotation shaft and meshed with the second relay gear; a first position adjusting unit for moving the first support block in a specific direction to adjust a center distance between the first gear and the first relay gear; and a second position adjusting unit for moving the second support block in a specific direction to adjust the center distance between the second relay gear and the second gear.

The reducer according to an embodiment includes a first locking unit for locking and fixing the position-adjusted first support block; and a second locking unit for locking and fixing the position-adjusted second support block.

The reducer according to the embodiment of the present invention adopts a structure in which the center distance between a pair of gears to be meshed can be easily adjusted from the outside of the casing, so that the device can be operated according to the operating situation without disassembling the casing or disassembling the gear train. It provides the effect of easy and simple adjustment of backlash adaptively.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings below, but since these drawings show embodiments of the present invention, the technical spirit of the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited only to the drawings.
1 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of a speed reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which some components are omitted or cross-sectioned.
2 is a plan sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a speed reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a partially cut-away perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a speed reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a partial perspective view showing a meshing structure of support blocks and gears in a speed reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' of FIG. 1 showing a schematic configuration of a speed reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a view for explaining an example of adjusting the center distance between a pair of gears in the reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of a speed reducer according to another embodiment of the present invention, in which some components are omitted or cross-sectioned.
8 is a plan sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a speed reducer according to another embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a partially cut-away perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a speed reducer according to another embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a partial perspective view showing a meshing structure of support blocks and gears in a speed reducer according to another embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B' of FIG. 7 showing a schematic configuration of a speed reducer according to another embodiment of the present invention.
12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C' of FIG. 7 showing a schematic configuration of a speed reducer according to another embodiment of the present invention.

In the detailed description of the present invention, "adjusting the backlash" means adjusting the tooth surface distance (gap) between a pair of gears meshed with each other. To this end, the gear on the other side (eg, the driven gear or the driving gear) may be relatively repositioned with respect to the gear on the one side (eg, the driving gear or the driven gear), which in turn adjusts the center distance between the pair of gears can be interpreted in the same sense as Accordingly, "adjusting the center distance between a pair of gears" in the detailed description and claims may be interpreted as adjusting the backlash.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the reducer according to various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 5 are, according to any one of the embodiments in which the present invention can be implemented (hereinafter, simply abbreviated as "one embodiment"), a first stage configured by meshing a pair of gears It shows the reducer of the gear structure. Specifically, FIG. 1 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of a speed reducer having a first gear structure. In FIG. 1, the front plate of the casing, which will be described later, is omitted while only the keyway and the long hole are displayed, and the upper plate, lower plate and side plate of the casing and some other components are shown in cross section. In addition, FIG. 2 is a view schematically showing a cross-sectional view of the reducer shown in FIG. 1 from above, FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the schematic configuration of the reducer shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is shown in FIG. In the reduced speed reducer, it is a partial perspective view showing the meshing structure of the support block and the gears, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the reducer shown in FIG. 1 taken along the line A-A'.

Referring to the above drawings together, the speed reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a casing 10; a fixed gear unit 20 that is rotatably installed in the casing 10; And the variable gear unit 30 interlocked with the fixed gear unit 20 is rotatably installed, and the support block 40 is installed to be relatively movable within a predetermined range with respect to the casing 10 to adjust the backlash. may include

The casing 10 constitutes the exterior of the reducer according to an embodiment, and includes a front plate 11 , a rear plate 12 , an upper plate 13 , a lower plate 14 , and both sides plates 15 and 16 . can be configured. Referring to the casing 10 as each configuration is only for convenience of description, and structural separation or functional limitation is not intended. Accordingly, at least a portion of the casing 10 may be integrally formed by an operation such as casting or welding. Gears and a support block 40, which will be described in detail below, are accommodated inside the casing 10, and the casing 10 may be formed in a size suitable for accommodating these components.

According to one embodiment, the fixed gear unit 20 may be rotatably installed inside the casing 10 . The fixed gear unit 20 includes a first rotating shaft R1 that is rotatably installed in the casing 10 by a bearing 22 (shown only on one side for convenience of the drawing), and a first rotating shaft R1 fixed to the first rotating shaft R1. It may be configured as the first gear G1. The name "fixed gear part" implies that the engagement position of the first rotational shaft R1 with respect to the casing 10 is fixed, and thus the position of the first gear G1 is also fixed. Here, the positions of the first rotation shaft R1 and the first gear G1 are fixed, and there is no change in the point that they are still rotatable for power transmission.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the first rotating shaft R1 may be rotatably supported between the front plate 11 and the rear plate 12 of the casing 10 , for example, by a bearing 22 . there is. The first rotating shaft R1 has one end extending outward through the front plate 11 to transmit the reduced rotational force while being connected to a driven mechanism (for example, a circular saw blade of a metal plate cutting device) not shown. output shaft". In this case, the first rotation shaft R1 and the driven mechanism (not shown) may be directly or indirectly connected to each other, and the coupling method is not particularly limited by the present invention.

According to one embodiment, a support block 40 that is relatively movable within a predetermined range with respect to the casing 10 may be installed inside the casing 10 , and the support block 40 has a fixed gear unit 20 ) and the variable gear unit 30 interlocked may be installed to be rotatable. Specifically, the support block 40 may include a front plate 41 , a rear plate 42 , an upper plate 43 , and a lower plate 44 . However, the division of the support block 40 into each configuration is for convenience of explanation only, and structural separation or functional limitation thereof is not intended.

Between the front plate 41 and the rear plate 42 of the support block 40, the second gear G2 meshed with the first gear G1 may be rotatably installed. To this end, a second rotating shaft R2 is installed between the front plate 41 and the rear plate 42 of the support block 40 to be rotatable by the bearing 32 , and the second rotating shaft R2 has a second The gear G2 may be fixed. The second rotating shaft R2 has a through hole (see 12h in FIG. 5 ) formed in the rear plate 12 of the casing 10 so that one end thereof penetrates the rear plate 42 of the support block 40 and at the same time corresponds to it. ), and may be an "input shaft" that receives rotational force while being connected to the drive shaft of a prime mover or drive motor (not shown). In this case, the second rotating shaft R2 and the driving shaft (not shown) of the prime mover or the driving motor may be directly or indirectly connected to each other, and the coupling method is not particularly limited by the present invention. For example, a driven pulley (not shown) is coupled to the end of the second rotating shaft (R1) extending outside the casing 10, and the driven pulley is coupled to the driving shaft (not shown) of the prime mover or the driving motor (not shown) It is interconnected by a belt (not shown) and a belt (not shown) to receive rotational force.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the first and second rotation shafts (R1, R2) and the first and second gears (G1, G2) are described separately from each other, but this is not for physical separation of the rotation shaft and the gear, and the shaft It is only with the functional division of gear and gear in mind. Therefore, regardless of whether the rotation shaft and the gear are separately manufactured and assembled or manufactured integrally, or regardless of whether the shape is distinguished, the examples having the function of the shaft forming the rotation center and the gear for power transmission are all examples It should be understood to be included in the construction of the invention.

As described above, when the first rotation shaft R1 functions as an output shaft and the second rotation shaft R2 functions as an input shaft, the number of teeth of the first gear G1 (Z ₂ in Equation 1) Corresponding) may be more than the number of teeth (corresponding to Z ₁ in Equation 1) of the second gear G2. In this case, since the number of revolutions of the first gear G1 (corresponding to n ₂ in Equation 1) becomes smaller than the number of revolutions (corresponding to n ₁ in Equation 1) of the second gear G2, a deceleration effect may be obtained.

In the above embodiment, a configuration in which the first rotation shaft R1 is an output shaft and the second rotation shaft R2 is an input shaft is described as an example, but the configuration of the present invention is not limited thereto, and as another alternative, the first The rotation shaft R1 may be an input shaft, and the second rotation shaft R2 may be an output shaft. In this case, the number of teeth and the number of rotations of the first gear G1 and the second gear G2 may be set opposite to those of the above-described example.

In addition, the through-hole (12h in FIG. 5) formed in the casing 10 so that the second rotation shaft R2 passes through the support block 40 and the second rotation shaft R2 in a specific direction within a predetermined range, as will be described later. It may be formed to be of sufficient size or length to permit movement. For example, the through hole 12h may be formed of a long hole extending along the moving direction of the support block 40 .

According to one embodiment, the support block 40 is configured to be movable in a specific direction within a predetermined range with respect to the casing 10 to adjust the center distance between the first gear G1 and the second gear G2. can (ie the backlash can be adjusted). To this end, the reducer according to an embodiment includes a position adjusting unit 50 for adjusting the position by moving the support block 40 in a specific direction (eg, vertical direction) within the casing 10 , and the position adjusted It may further include a locking unit 60 for locking and fixing the support block 40 .

According to an embodiment, the position adjusting unit 50 may include an adjusting screw 52 installed on the upper plate 13 of the casing 10 to be freely rotatable in place. By “the adjustment screw 52 is freely rotatable” it is meant that the adjustment screw 52 can rotate while its position (eg, height) remains unchanged. For example, a thread is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the adjusting screw 52 , and may extend into the casing 10 through a hole 13h formed in the upper plate 13 of the casing 10 . At this time, the head 52a of the adjusting screw 52 may be configured to rotate freely by being supported by the auxiliary washer 54 . The adjusting screw 52 extending into the casing 10 may be fastened to the nut hole 43h formed on the upper plate 43 of the support block 40 . Since a thread corresponding to the thread of the adjusting screw 52 is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the nut hole 43h, the adjusting screw 52 may be screwed to the upper plate 43 of the support block 40 . In this coupled state, when the adjusting screw 52 is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise from the outside of the casing 10, the support block 40 rises or Its position can be adjusted while descending.

Although, in the embodiment of the present invention, the configuration for adjusting the position by moving the support block 40 in a specific direction using the adjusting screw 52 is described, the configuration of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the casing 10 ) It should be understood that various configurations that can move the support block 40 in a specific direction can be employed, and the term “position adjustment unit” is used to encompass such various configurations. For example, although not shown in the drawings, a position adjusting unit is provided at the lower portion of the casing 10 to push up or lower the support block 40 .

According to an embodiment, a guide part 70 for guiding the movement of the support block 40 moving in a specific direction inside the casing 10 may be further provided. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5 , the guide part 70 includes a key groove 72 formed on an inner wall of at least one of the front plate 11 and the rear plate 12 of the casing 10 , the key groove 72 . ) to correspond to the key groove 74 formed on the outer wall of at least one of the front plate 41 and the rear plate 42 of the support block 40, and a key 76 inserted into these key grooves 72 and 74. can be configured. The key grooves 72 and 74 formed on the inner wall of the casing 10 and the outer wall of the support block 40 extend in a specific direction, so that the support block 40 and the variable gear unit 30 are specific during the positioning operation. It can be configured to move in a direction. Although the specific key grooves 72 and 74 and the key 76 are shown and described as the configuration of the guide part 70 in the embodiment of the present invention, the guide part 70 is not limited to this configuration, and the support block ( It should be understood that various configurations for guiding the 40) to move smoothly in a specific direction within the casing 10 may be employed. For example, a guide rail (not shown) is installed on any one of the inner wall of the casing 10 and the outer wall of the support block 40, and a guide protrusion (not shown) coupled to the guide rail is formed on the other. The movement of the support block 40 may be guided.

As used in the detailed description and claims of the present invention, the term "specific direction" refers to a variable gear unit ( 30) indicates the relative movement direction. Therefore, although in the embodiment of the present invention, a specific direction is shown and described in a vertical direction, that is, a direction in which the support block 40 rises or falls with reference to FIG. It should be noted that this is not intended to be specific. As another example, although not shown, the support block 40 and the variable gear unit 30 installed therein may be configured to move in the left-right direction (horizontal direction) with reference to FIG. 1 .

According to an embodiment, the reducer of the present invention may further include a locking unit 60 to fix the position of the position-adjusted support block 40 . The configuration of the locking part 60 is well shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 .

Referring to the above drawings, the locking unit 60 may include a fixing bolt 62 screwed to the outer wall of at least one of the front plate 41 and the rear plate 42 of the support block 40 . The fixing bolt 62 may be coupled to the support block 40 from the outside of the speed reducer through a long hole 11a formed in at least one of the front plate 11 and the rear plate 12 of the casing 10 . In addition, the long hole 11a formed in the casing 10 is extended by a predetermined length in a specific direction (eg, vertical direction) in which the support block 40 moves, and thus the casing 10 by the positioning unit 50 In the support block 40, for example, when lifting or lowering in the vertical direction, the fixing bolt 62 is also movable without interference.

When the position of the support block 40 is adjusted and set by the positioning unit 50, the support block 40 is no longer moved by tightening the fixing bolt 62 coupled through the long hole 11a of the casing 10. It can be fixed so that The locking unit 60 according to the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment, and it should be understood that any configuration can be employed as long as it is a configuration capable of fixing the position-adjusted support block 40 with respect to the casing 10 . do.

Hereinafter, a procedure for adjusting the backlash of the reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention having the above configuration will be described. 6 is a view for explaining an example of adjusting the center distance between a pair of gears in the reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The initially designed and manufactured reducer may be in a state in which the backlash of the gears to be meshed is properly adjusted. However, it may be necessary to adjust the backlash due to long-term use, external impact, etc. The center distance can be adjusted.

In FIG. 6 , the upper view shows a state in which backlash between a pair of meshed gears G1 and G2 is out of an appropriate range. For example, the center distance between the pair of gears G1 and G2 is spaced apart by "C", and the gap between the tooth surfaces is in a state of being widened by "δ". In order to adjust the center distance and the tooth gap between the gears G1 and G2, first, the support block 40 is fixed by the locking part 60 to release the state in which the support block 40 is freely movable. can be made to become Specifically, the fixing state of the support block 40 may be released by loosening the fixing bolt 62 of the locking unit 60 .

Then, by rotating the adjusting screw 52 of the positioning unit 50 from the outside of the casing 10, the support block 40 and the variable gear unit 30 are raised or lowered in a specific direction, for example, in a vertical direction, while the fixed gear The position relative to the part 20 can be adjusted. At this time, the support block 40 may be moved in a direction in which the center distance between the meshed first gear G1 and the second gear G2 decreases (ie, in a direction in which the backlash decreases), as shown in FIG. 1 . In the example of the first gear structure, the position of the support block 40 may be adjusted to descend. The movement of the support block 40 may be guided in a specific direction according to the above-described guide part 70 . At this time, according to the rise or fall of the support block 40, the fixing bolt 62 coupled to the support block 40 can also move up and down without interference along the long hole 11a formed in the casing 10, and the through hole ( The second rotation shaft R2 extended to the outside of the casing 10 through 12h) may also move up and down without interfering with the through hole 12h.

According to this position adjustment, as shown in the lower part of FIG. 6, the center distance between the first gear G1 and the second gear G2 is reduced by "α", and the tooth gap is also reduced by "ε". As a result, backlash is reduced.

As described above, when the position adjustment of the support block 40 and the variable gear unit 30 is completed, the fixing bolt 62 of the locking unit 60 is tightened to fix the support block 40 to the casing 10 . .

7 to 12, according to another embodiment of the present invention, shows a speed reducer having a two-stage gear structure configured by meshing two pairs of gears. Specifically, FIG. 7 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of a speed reducer having a second gear structure. In FIG. 7 , the front plate of the casing 100 to be described later is omitted while only the keyway and the long hole are shown, and the upper plate, the lower plate and the side plate of the casing 100 and some other components are shown in cross section. In addition, FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing a cross-sectional view of the reducer shown in FIG. 7 from above, FIG. 9 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the schematic configuration of the reducer shown in FIG. 7, and FIG. 10 is shown in FIG. In the reduced speed reducer, it is a partial perspective view showing the meshing structure of the support block and the gears, FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the reducer shown in FIG. It is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C'.

Referring to the above drawings together, the reducer according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a casing 100; a fixed gear unit 110 that is rotatably installed in the casing 100; A first support block in which the first variable gear unit 120 interlocked with the fixed gear unit 110 is rotatably installed, and is installed to be relatively movable within a predetermined range with respect to the casing 100 in order to adjust the backlash. (130); and a second variable gear unit 140 interlocked with the first variable gear unit 120 is rotatably installed, and is installed to be relatively movable within a predetermined range with respect to the casing 100 to adjust backlash. 2 support blocks 150 may be included.

The casing 100 constitutes the exterior of the speed reducer according to an embodiment, and includes an upper plate 101 , a lower plate 102 , both side plates 103 and 104 , and a front plate 105 and a rear plate 106 . can be Referring to the casing 100 as each configuration is only for convenience of description, and structural separation or functional limitation thereof is not intended. Gears and support blocks 130 and 150, which will be described in detail below, are accommodated inside the casing 100, and the casing 100 may be formed in an appropriate size to accommodate these components.

According to an embodiment, the fixed gear unit 110 may be rotatably installed inside the casing 100 . The fixed gear unit 110 includes a first rotating shaft R1 that is rotatably installed in the casing 100 by a bearing 112 (shown only on one side for convenience of the drawing), and a first rotating shaft R1 fixed to the first rotating shaft R1. It may be configured as the first gear G1. Here, the positions of the first rotation shaft R1 and the first gear G1 are fixed, and there is no change in the point that they are still rotatable for power transmission.

According to an embodiment, the first rotation shaft R1 may be rotatably supported between the front plate 105 and the rear plate 106 of the casing 100 , for example, by a bearing 112 . The first rotating shaft R1 has one end extending outward through the front plate 105 to transmit the reduced rotational force while being connected to a driven mechanism (eg, a circular saw blade of a metal plate cutting device) not shown. output shaft". In this case, the first rotation shaft R1 and the driven mechanism (not shown) may be directly or indirectly connected to each other, and the coupling method is not particularly limited by the present invention.

According to one embodiment, inside the casing 100, the first and second support blocks 130 and 150 that are relatively movable within a predetermined range with respect to the casing 100 may be installed, and these first and second The first variable gear unit 120 and the second variable gear unit 140 may be rotatably installed on the support blocks 130 and 150 , respectively. Specifically, referring to FIGS. 9 and 10 , in which the configuration of the first and second support blocks 130 and 150 are relatively well shown, the first and second support blocks 130 and 150 are respectively connected to the front plate 131 . , 151 ), rear plates 132 and 152 , upper plates 133 and 153 , and lower plates 134 and 154 . However, referring to each of the support blocks as such is for convenience of explanation only, and structural separation or functional limitation is not intended.

Between the front plate 131 and the rear plate 132 of the first support block 130 , the first variable gear unit 120 interlocked with the fixed gear unit 110 may be rotatably installed. Specifically, the first variable gear unit 120 is a relay gear shaft RX installed to be rotatable by a bearing 122 between the front plate 131 and the rear plate 132 of the first support block 130 . and a first relay gear GR1 and a second relay gear GR2 fixed to the relay gear shaft RX. Here, the first relay gear GR1 is meshed with the first gear G1 of the fixed gear unit 110 , and the second relay gear GR2 is a second gear ( ) of the second variable gear unit 140 to be described later. G2) can be interlocked.

Also, between the front plate 151 and the rear plate 152 of the second support block 150, the second variable gear unit 140 interlocked with the first variable gear unit 120 may be rotatably installed. there is. To this end, the second variable gear unit 140 includes a second rotation shaft R2 rotatably installed between the front plate 105 and the rear plate 106 of the second support block 150, and a second rotation shaft ( It may include a second gear (G2) fixed to R2). Here, the second gear G2 may be meshed with the second relay gear GR2 of the first variable gear unit 120 . The second rotation shaft (R2) has a through hole formed in the rear plate 106 of the casing 100 so that one end thereof penetrates the rear plate 152 of the second support block 150 and at the same time corresponds thereto (FIG. 12). 106h) may be an “input shaft” that extends to the outside and receives rotational force while being connected to a drive shaft of a prime mover or drive motor (not shown). In this case, the second rotating shaft R2 and the driving shaft (not shown) of the prime mover or the driving motor may be directly or indirectly connected to each other, and the coupling method is not particularly limited by the present invention. For example, a driven pulley (not shown) is coupled to the end of the second rotation shaft (R1) extending outside the casing 100, and the driven pulley is coupled to a drive shaft (not shown) of the prime mover or the driving motor (not shown) It is interconnected by a belt (not shown) and a belt (not shown) to receive rotational force.

As described above, when the first rotation shaft R1 is the output shaft and the second rotation shaft R2 is the input shaft, for example, the number of teeth of the first gear G1 (corresponding to Z ₂ in Equation 1) is It may be more than the number of teeth of the first relay gear GR1 (corresponding to Z ₁ in Equation 1), and the number of teeth of the second relay gear GR2 (corresponding to Z ₂ in Equation 1) is the number of teeth of the second gear G2. It may be more than the number of teeth (corresponding to Z ₁ in Equation 1). In this case, through two decelerations, the number of revolutions of the first gear G1 (corresponding to n ₂ in Equation 1) is finally smaller than the number of revolutions of the second gear G2 (corresponding to n ₁ in Equation 1) through two decelerations. It can have a slowing effect.

In the above embodiment, a configuration in which the first rotation shaft R1 is an output shaft and the second rotation shaft R2 is an input shaft is described as an example, but the configuration of the present invention is not limited thereto, and as another alternative, the first The rotation shaft R1 may be an input shaft, and the second rotation shaft R2 may be an output shaft. In this case, the number of teeth and the number of rotations of the first gear G1 , the first and second relay gears GR1 , GR2 , and the second gear G2 may be set opposite to those of the above-described example.

In addition, the through hole 106h formed in the casing 100 so that the second rotation shaft R2 passes through is to allow the second support block 150 and the second rotation shaft R2 to move in a specific direction, as will be described later. It may be formed to have a sufficient size or length. For example, the through hole 106h may be formed of a long hole extending along the moving direction of the second support block 150 .

According to an embodiment, the first and second support blocks 130 and 150 are configured to move in a specific direction with respect to the casing 100 , and the center distance between the first gear G1 and the first relay gear GR1 . and the center distance between the second relay gear GR2 and the second gear G2 may be adjusted respectively (that is, the backlash may be adjusted). To this end, the reducer according to an embodiment moves the first and second support blocks 130 and 150 inside the casing 100 in a specific direction (for example, a vertical direction), respectively, to adjust the position of the first, It may further include two position adjustment units (160, 170), and first and second locking units (180, 190) for locking and fixing the position-adjusted support blocks (130, 150).

According to an embodiment, each of the first and second position adjusting units 160 and 170 may include adjusting screws 162 and 172 installed so as to be freely rotatable on the upper plate 101 of the casing 100 . Threads are formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the adjusting screws 162 and 172, and extend into the casing 100 through an opening formed in the upper plate 101 of the casing 100, and the heads 160a, 170a are provided with auxiliary washers 164 , 174) by being supported on each is configured to be able to rotate freely. The adjusting screws 162 and 172 extending into the casing 100 may be respectively fastened to the nut holes 133a and 153a formed on the upper plates 133 and 153 of the first and second support blocks 130 and 150 . Since a thread corresponding to the thread of the adjusting screw 162, 172 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the nut hole 133a, 153a, the adjusting screw 162, 172 is the upper plate of the first and second support blocks 130 and 150 ( 133 and 153) and may be screw-coupled to each other. In this coupled state, when the adjusting screws 162 and 172 are rotated clockwise or counterclockwise, the first and second support blocks 130 and 150 are vertically aligned within the casing 100 according to the action of the screw coupling. Its position can be adjusted while ascending or descending.

According to one embodiment, the guide part 200 for guiding the movement of the first and second support blocks 130 and 150 moving in a specific direction inside the casing 100 may be further provided. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11 , the guide part 200 includes a keyway 202 formed on an inner wall of at least one of the front plate 105 and the rear plate 106 of the casing 100 , the keyway 202 . ) to correspond to the front plate 131 or 151 and the rear plate 132 or 152 of the support block 130 or 150, the key groove 204 formed on the outer wall of at least one, and the key 206 coupled to these key grooves can be composed of The key grooves 202 and 204 formed on the inner wall of the casing 100 and the outer walls of the support blocks 130 and 150 extend in a specific direction, and the support blocks 130 and 150 and the variable gear unit 120 during the positioning operation , 140) may be configured to move in a specific direction.

According to an embodiment, the reducer of the present invention may further include first and second locking units 180 and 190 to respectively fix the positions of the first and second support blocks 130 and 150 whose positions are adjusted. The first and second locking parts 180 and 190 are fixed bolts coupled to the outer wall of at least one of the front plates 131 and 151 and the rear plates 132 and 152 of the first and second support blocks 130 and 150, respectively. (182, 192). Specifically, the fixing bolts 182 and 192 are the first and second support blocks 130 from outside the reducer through the long hole 105a formed in at least one of the front plate 105 and the rear plate 106 of the casing 100 . 150) can be screwed. In this case, the long hole 105a formed in the casing 100 is formed to extend in a specific direction (eg, vertical direction) in which the support blocks 130 and 150 move, and thus the first and second position adjusting units 160 and 170 . ) in the casing 100 by the first and second support blocks 130 and 150, for example, when lifting or lowering in the vertical direction, the fixing bolts 182 and 192 are also movable without interference. When the positions of the first and second support blocks 130 and 150 are adjusted and set by the first and second position adjustment units 160 and 170, the first and second support blocks ( By tightening the fixing bolts 182 and 192 coupled to 130 and 150, the first and second support blocks 130 and 150 may be fixed so as not to move.

Hereinafter, a procedure for adjusting the backlash of the speed reducer having the second gear structure having the above configuration will be described. In the reducer of this embodiment, the backlash between the fixed gear unit 110 and the first variable gear unit 120 and the backlash between the first variable gear unit 120 and the second variable gear unit 140 are each independently and/or sequentially. In other words, the center distance between the first gear G1 and the first relay gear GR1 meshed with each other and the center distance between the second relay gear GR2 and the second gear G2 are each independently and/or sequentially can be adjusted to

When it is necessary to use the reducer for a long period of time, or to adjust the backlash due to external shock or other reasons, the first support block 130 and the second support block 150 are respectively positioned to adjust the center distance between the mutually meshed gears. can be adjusted.

To this end, first, the first and second support blocks 130 and 150 are fixed by the first and second locking units 180 and 190 to release the state in which the support blocks 130 and 150 are freely movable. can For example, the fixing state of the first and second support blocks 130 and 150 may be released by loosening the fixing bolts 182 and 192 coupled to the first and second support blocks 130 and 150 , respectively.

Then, the backlash between the fixed gear unit 110 and the first variable gear unit 120 may be preferentially adjusted. Specifically, by rotating the adjusting screw 162 of the first position adjusting unit 160 provided in the first support block 130 to raise or lower the first support block 130 and the first variable gear unit 120 , A position relative to the fixed gear unit 110 may be adjusted. At this time, the first support block 130 may be moved in a direction in which the center distance between the first gear G1 and the first relay gear GR1 meshed with each other decreases (that is, in a direction in which the backlash decreases). , for example, with reference to FIG. 7 , the position of the first support block 130 may be adjusted to descend. The movement of the first support block 130 may be guided in a specific direction by the above-described guide unit 200 . At this time, according to the rise or fall of the first support block 130, the fixing bolt 182 coupled to the first support block 130 can also move up and down without interference along the long hole 105a formed in the casing 100. .

According to this position adjustment, as previously described with reference to FIG. 6 , the center distance between the first gear G1 and the first relay gear GR1 is reduced by, for example, “α”, and the tooth gap is also reduced by “ε”. reduced, and consequently backlash is reduced.

As described above, when the position adjustment of the first support block 130 and the first variable gear unit 120 is completed, their positions may be fixed by the first locking unit 180 . That is, by tightening the fixing bolt 182 coupled to the first support block 130 through the long hole 105a from the outside of the casing 100 , the first support block 130 can be fixed with respect to the casing 100 . .

When the position adjustment of the first support block 130 is completed as described above, the backlash between the first variable gear unit 120 and the second variable gear unit 140 may be adjusted next. Specifically, in a state in which the position of the first support block 130 is fixed, the second support block 150 is rotated by rotating the adjusting screw 172 of the second position adjusting unit 170 provided in the second support block 150 . ) and the second variable gear unit 140 may be adjusted relative to the first variable gear unit 120 while raising or lowering. At this time, the second support block 150 may be moved in a direction in which the center distance between the second relay gear GR2 and the second gear G2 meshed with each other decreases (that is, in a direction in which the backlash decreases), For example, the position of the second support block 150 may be adjusted to rise. The movement of the second support block 150 may be guided in a specific direction by the above-described guide unit 200 . At this time, according to the rise or fall of the second support block 150, the fixing bolt 192 coupled to the second support block 150 can also move up and down without interference along the long hole 105a formed in the casing 100. .

According to this position adjustment, as described in FIG. 6 , the center distance and the tooth surface gap between the second relay gear GR2 and the second gear G2 are reduced, and the backlash is reduced by that amount.

As described above, when the position adjustment of the second support block 150 and the second variable gear unit 140 is completed, their positions may be fixed by the second locking unit 190 . That is, by tightening the fixing bolt 192 coupled to the second support block 150 through the long hole 105a from the outside of the casing 100 , the position can be fixed with respect to the casing 100 .

Accordingly, the backlash adjustment procedure between the fixed gear unit 110 , the first variable gear unit 120 , and the second variable gear unit 140 may be completed.

Although the present invention has been described in detail through the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, the technical spirit of the present invention is defined by the matters described in the claims, and various modifications and variations within the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention There may be equivalents.

10, 100: casing
20, 110: fixed gear unit
30: variable gear unit
22, 32, 112, 122: bearing
40: gear block
50: positioning unit
52: adjusting screw
60: locking unit
62, 182, 192: fixing bolts
70, 200: guide part
72, 74, 202, 204: keyway
76, 206: key
120: first variable gear unit
130: first support block
140: second variable gear unit
150: second support block
160, 170: first, second position adjusting unit
180, 190: first and second locking units
G1: 1st gear
R1: first axis of rotation
G2: 2nd gear
R2: second axis of rotation
GR1: first relay gear
GR2: second relay gear
RX: relay gear shaft

Claims (7)

casing;
a first fixed gear unit including a first rotating shaft rotatably installed on the casing and a first gear fixed to the first rotating shaft;
a first support block and a second support block installed to be movable in a specific direction inside the casing;
A relay gear shaft rotatably coupled to the first support block, a first relay gear fixed to the relay gear shaft and meshed with the first gear, and a second relay gear fixed to the relay gear shaft a first variable gear unit;
a second variable gear unit including a second rotation shaft rotatably coupled to the second support block, and a second gear fixed to the second rotation shaft and meshed with the second relay gear;
a first position adjusting unit for moving the first support block in a specific direction to adjust a center distance between the first gear and the first relay gear; and
and a second position adjusting unit for moving the second support block in a specific direction to adjust a center distance between the second relay gear and the second gear. The method of claim 1,
a first locking unit for locking and fixing the position-adjusted first support block; and
The reducer further comprising a; a second locking unit for locking and fixing the position-adjusted second support block. 3. The method of claim 2,
The reducer further comprising a; guide part for guiding the movement of the first support block and the second support block in a specific direction. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The first and second position adjusting parts are installed to be freely rotatable on the upper plate of the casing, are extended into the casing, are fastened to nut holes formed on the upper plates of the first and second support blocks, and are outside the casing A reduction gear comprising an adjustment screw operable in 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The second rotating shaft extends to the outside through a through hole formed in the front plate or the rear plate of the casing so that one end passes through the front plate or the rear plate of the second support block and at the same time corresponds thereto,
The through hole is formed as a long hole to allow the second support block and the second rotation shaft to move in a specific direction. 3. The method of claim 2,
The first and second locking parts include a fixing bolt coupled to the outer wall of at least one of the front and rear plates of the casing from the outside through a long hole formed in at least one of the front and rear plates of the first and second support blocks. A reducer comprising: 4. The method of claim 3,
The guide portion includes a key groove formed on at least one inner wall of the front plate and the rear plate of the casing, and a key groove formed on at least one outer wall of the front and rear plates of the first and second support blocks to correspond to the key groove; , Reducer comprising a key coupled to the key grooves.

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