KR20220005797A - Process for removing total phosphorus and total nitrogen from lagoon wastewater using Bacillus spp. - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention a sewage and wastewater treatment technology which solves problems of causing eutrophication, red tide, and green algae phenomena in stagnant lakes and shores due to a fact that nitrogen and phosphorus removal technology contained in sewage and wastewater is weak, thereby damaging the natural environment and causing enormous losses to human life. According to the present invention, in consideration of a fact that many nitrogen and phosphorus removal technologies are avoided because facility cost and facility maintenance cost are high in comparison with treatment efficiency while having been applied so far, the present invention provides a sewage and wastewater treatment plant by Bacillus bacteria and a method thereof, which is a method has similar treatment efficiency and sewage and wastewater treatment facility cost to those of existing facilities, requires lower maintenance cost, and is applied by slightly supplementing the sewage and wastewater facilities installed in the existing facilities. While treating sewage and wastewater by using processes of a pretreatment facility, a reservoir, a reaction pond, a settling pond, a disinfection pond, a sludge enrichment pond, a sludge storage pond, and a dehydrator, the method administrates a microbial spawning agent of Bacillus to an administration pond and returns the sludge of the settling pond to the reaction pond in the course of the reaction pond, wherein Bacillus treats organic wastewater containing nitrogen and phosphorus while repeating a filamentous-sporulation-germination-filament process. A sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus comprises a microbial activator inlet unit administrating a microbial spawning agent of Bacillus to an administration pond.

Description

{Process for removing total phosphorus and total nitrogen from lagoon wastewater using Bacillus spp.}

The present invention relates to a sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus and method by Bacillus bacteria, which removes nitrogen and phosphorus contained in sewage and wastewater using Bacillus bacteria.

In general, the technical field to which the present invention is applied is a water pollution prevention facility stipulated in Article 2 of the Enforcement Rule of the Water Quality Environment Conservation Act, Article 12, and the prior art in this field is from the Cheonggye Sewage Treatment Plant built for the first time in Korea in 1976 to the present. Most of the sewage treatment plants built across the country, except for some small-scale treatment plants, are secondary treatment facilities to which standard activated sludge technology is applied. Removal has not been done satisfactorily.

In response to this, the government began to strengthen the water quality discharge standards on January 1, 1996, so that facilities suitable for the water quality discharge standards including nitrogen and phosphorus were provided. As the domestic situation in which nitrogen and phosphorus removal technologies are weak, advanced foreign technologies are indiscriminately introduced and implemented. In the case of these advanced overseas technologies, there are A/0, A2/O, Bardenpho, VIP, UCT, and SBR among the practical methods. It is a mechanism to remove phosphorus by causing microorganisms to take in excess phosphorus in an aerobic state after increasing phosphorus release in the state.

However, these methods have a nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency of about 70 to 80%, and a stable water quality cannot be obtained due to a sensitive reaction to water temperature and water quality fluctuations. In addition, tremendous power is required for nitrification, and the process is complicated, so advanced technology must be acquired in operation of the facility. In addition, it is necessary to separately install a facility to remove the odor generated in each process, and the corrosion of the facility due to the odor is considerable, and the maintenance cost for this facility is also high.

It solves the problems of the standard activated sludge technology as described above, and supplements the efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus removal technology, an advanced foreign technology that has complex processes and high facility and maintenance costs. at the same time, the odor generated during treatment and fixation is completely removed without a separate facility, and the volume of the final dewatered sludge can be significantly reduced by improving the dewatering efficiency of the sludge incidentally generated during the treatment process. The present invention has been completed by confirming that the sludge to be disposed of is composted and has various effects such that it can be used directly on crops.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to treat the sewage and wastewater using a pretreatment facility, a reservoir, a reaction pond, a settling pond, a disinfection pond, a sludge enrichment pond, a sludge storage pond and a dehydrator process, and react the microbial activator of Bacillus bacteria in the reaction pond process Sewage and wastewater caused by Bacillus bacteria to treat organic sewage and wastewater containing nitrogen and phosphorus while repeating the process of filamentous-sporulation-germination-filament by returning the sludge of the settling paper to the reaction paper It is an object to provide a processing apparatus and method.

In order to achieve the above object,

The present invention provides a sewage and wastewater treatment device using Bacillus bacteria, comprising a microbial activator inlet for introducing a microbial active agent against Bacillus bacteria into the reaction zone as a sewage and wastewater treatment device including a pretreatment facility, a reaction zone and a settling zone can do.

In addition, in the present invention, in treating sewage and wastewater through a sewage and wastewater treatment device including a pretreatment facility, a reaction pond and a settling pond, the microbial activator for Bacillus bacteria is introduced into the reaction zone, Bacillus bacteria It is possible to provide a method for treating sewage and wastewater used.

In addition, the present invention administers the microbial activator of Bacillus bacteria to the reaction site while treating the sewage and wastewater using the pretreatment facility, the reservoir, the reaction pond, the settling pond, the disinfection pond, the sludge concentrate, the sludge reservoir and the dehydrator process. On the other hand, the sludge of the sedimentation basin is returned to the reaction site so that the Bacillus bacteria can process organic sewage and wastewater containing nitrogen and phosphorus while repeating the process of filamentous filaments-sporulation-germination-filaments.

The present invention is a method capable of high-level treatment of sewage and wastewater by inducing logarithmic growth by creating an environment in which only bacteria applied to each sewage and wastewater among Bacillus bacteria can live, and various organic substances and nitrogen contained in sewage and wastewater. Phosphorus is removed by ingesting it as an energy source. At this time, while maintaining the oligotrophic state and reducing dissolved oxygen, endospores are formed and solid-liquid separation in the settling basin is smooth. It can be discarded as a cake with a low moisture content. During this process, no bulking phenomenon occurs, it is strong against flow rate fluctuations and organic matter load fluctuations, has an excellent effect on nitrogen and phosphorus removal, and is an energy-saving type by keeping dissolved oxygen low.

In particular, the present invention has various features, such as no need for a separate odor removal facility, easy operation by simplifying the facility, and low construction cost, as well as being possible with a slight modification of the existing biological treatment facility. In addition, antibiotics are contained in the physiologically active substances generated during the formation of endospores, which have the effect of lysing and killing E. coli and general bacteria contained in the treated water, so the disinfection facility can be omitted.

Therefore, the sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus using Bacillus according to the present invention is significantly higher than the treatment efficiency of the existing technology to remove nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage and wastewater, which can overcome the disadvantage of requiring too high facility and facility maintenance costs. It can be operated with treatment efficiency and low maintenance cost, and can be usefully used because it is easy to apply to existing sewage and wastewater treatment facilities.

1 is a process diagram showing a sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus and method using Bacillus bacteria of the present invention, according to a first embodiment.
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the role of Bacillus bacteria to which the present invention is applied.
3 is a process of forming endospores of Bacillus bacteria according to the present invention.
4 is a schematic diagram of the life cycle of Bacillus bacteria according to the present invention.
5 is a mechanism of sewage and wastewater treatment according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described in detail.

The present invention relates to a sewage and wastewater treatment device including a pretreatment facility, a reaction tank and a settling tank, and a sewage and wastewater treatment device using Bacillus bacteria, including a microbial activator inlet for introducing a microbial active agent against Bacillus bacteria into the reaction zone will be.

In the present invention, the microorganism acting as a main agent is a Bacillus species among the genus Bacillus, and among them, Bacillus anthracis belonging to Group I, B. Lentus (B. Lentus), Bacillus licheniformis (B. Licheniformis) ), Bacillus megaterium (B. Megaterium), Bacillus permirus (B. Pumlus), Bacillus subtilis (B. Subtilis), Bacillus thuringiensis (B. Thuringiensis) and Bacillus albei belonging to group II (B) Alvei), Bacillus azotofixans (B. Azotofixans), Bacillus meserans (B. Macerans), Bacillus borimyxa (B. Polymyxa), Bacillus papilli (B. Popilliae) and Bacillus coagulans belonging to group III ( B. Coagulans), Bacillus paridus (B. Pallidus), Bacillus Smithil (B. Smithil), Bacillus Stearorhermophilus (B. Stearorhermophilus) and Bacillus acidocaldarius belonging to group IV (B. Acidocaldarius), Bacillus B. Acdoterriesteris and B. Alginalyticus belonging to group V, B. Badius and B. Gordonae belonging to group VI, Bacillus purpurea belonging to group VI B. Fusiformis, B. Marinus, B. Pasteurii, B. Sphaericus, and B. Fastidiosus and Bacillus nagano of an unidentified group Protozoa (eg, Voricella, Epistylis, Opercularia, Carchesium, Jutanium) represented by mixed microorganisms such as B. Naganoensis and the food chain. (Zoothaniam, Podophrya, etc.) and Welfare-dong Water (e.g. Rotoria, Lepadella, Colurella, Lecone, Chaetonous, Diplogaster, etc.) but is not limited thereto.

In the present invention, the "microbial activator" is a mixture of calcium oxide, silicic acid, magnesium sulfate, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, manganese sulfate, titanium oxide, iron oxide, sulfur, manganese dioxide, and phosphorus trioxide for the cultivation and proliferation of Bacillus say

The microbial active inlet may be connected to the microbial active dissolving tank.

The microbial activator inlet may be directly connected to the reactor, or connected to the outlet of the flow control tank flowing into the reactor, so that the microbial activator may be administered to the reactor.

The settling tank may include a reaction tank return unit for returning a predetermined amount of the settling sludge to the reaction tank.

The predetermined amount of the sludge returned from the settling tank to the reaction tank through the reaction tank conveying unit may be 50 to 90%, preferably 60% to 80%, more preferably 70% of the flow rate to the flow control tank.

The settling pond may include a pre-treatment facility return unit for returning a predetermined amount of the settled sludge to the pre-treatment facility.

A predetermined amount of the sludge returned from the settling tank to the pretreatment facility through the pretreatment facility return unit may be 0 to 10%, preferably 2 to 7%, and more preferably 5% relative to the inflow to the flow rate control tank.

The sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus may include a sensing unit and a control unit to maintain the mixed suspended solids in the reaction vessel at a predetermined concentration.

The sensing unit is present in the reaction vessel, and the control unit receives a signal from the sensing unit and returns the sludge to the reaction vessel conveying unit and/or the pretreatment facility conveying unit to maintain the mixed suspended solids in the reaction vessel at a constant concentration.

The concentration of the mixed suspended solids in the reactor may be maintained at 1000 to 5000 mg/l, preferably 1500 to 4500 mg/l, more preferably 2000 to 4000 mg/l.

In the present invention, "Mixed Suspended Solids (MLSS)" refers to the concentration of turbid substances in the aeration tank.

A dissolved oxygen control unit may be included in the reaction vessel.

A temperature control unit may be included in the reaction vessel.

The reaction vessel may be divided into, for example, two or more compartments, and each compartment may include a dissolved oxygen amount adjusting unit for reducing the dissolved oxygen amount according to the progress direction of the sludge.

The microbial activator may include one or more selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide, silicic acid, magnesium sulfate and manganese sulfate.

The microbial activator may further include one or two or more selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, iron oxide, sulfur, manganese dioxide and phosphorus trioxide.

The microbial activator is 25 to 38% calcium oxide, 25 to 35% silicic acid, 7 to 15% magnesium sulfate, 7 to 15% aluminum oxide, 5 to 9% magnesium oxide, 1 to 5% manganese sulfate, 1 to titanium oxide 3%, iron oxide 0.1 to 1.0%, sulfur 0.1 to 1.0%, manganese dioxide 0.1 to 1.0%, may be a composition of 0.01 to 0.05% phosphorus trioxide, but is not limited thereto.

The microbial activator may be administered quantitatively by dissolving 0.01 to 0.05 g, preferably 0.015 to 0.045 g, more preferably 0.02 to 0.04 g per 1 kg of biological oxygen demand (BOD) in water.

The reaction medium may be maintained at a culture temperature of 10 to 45 ℃, preferably 15 to 40 ℃, more preferably 20 to 35 ℃.

The reaction paper may be maintained at a dissolved oxygen amount (BOD) of 0 to 1.5 mg/l.

The culture and proliferation of Bacillus bacteria in the reaction medium is 40 to 80% v / v, preferably 45 to 75% v / v, more preferably 50 to 70% v / v of sludge volume (SV) to proceed can

In the present invention, "sludge volume (SV)" means that 1 L of the aeration tank (reaction paper) mixture is left still in a cylinder for 30 minutes, and then the amount of sludge deposited is measured and expressed as a percentage (%).

In the present invention, "sludge volume index (SVI)" refers to an index indicating the settling property of sludge. The sludge volume index can be obtained according to Equation 1 below.

[Equation 1]

The "sludge volume index (SVI)" in the reaction tank may proceed at a sludge volume index (SVI) of 80 to 130, preferably 90 to 120, more preferably 100.

The amount of dissolved oxygen in the reaction paper is, in one embodiment, the reaction paper can be divided into four compartments, the first paper is maintained at a dissolved oxygen of 0.5 to 1.0 mg / l, the second and third paper, the dissolved oxygen is 0.1 It is maintained below mg/l, and the 4th branch can completely spore Bacillus by allowing the dissolved oxygen to become 0 mg/l without injecting air at all, but is not limited thereto.

The sewage and wastewater treatment method of the present invention can be described with reference to FIG. 1 and is roughly as follows.

A pre-treatment facility (2) for removing contaminants or suspended matter contained in the incoming sewage and wastewater, and a flow rate adjustment device (4, omitted in the case of large-capacity) for regulating the supply of sewage and wastewater flowing in from the pre-treatment facility (2) in a predetermined amount Bacillus bacteria, which flow into the reactor 7 in the state of flow rate and equal water quality while staying in the reactor 7 and form the main species in the reactor 7, are contaminated by mixing by the inflow sewage and wastewater and the injected air. The material is cultured and multiplied as a nutrient source to form flocs, then it flows into the settling tank 15 and stagnates for a certain period of time, resulting in solid-liquid separation. A part of the sludge is returned to the first reaction pond 8 to keep the concentration of microorganisms in the reaction tank 7 constant, and a small amount of sludge is sent to the pretreatment facility 2 to reduce odor and the remaining sludge is sludge. It is sent to the thickener 22 to be concentrated, and then, after staying in the thickened sludge storage 25, it is introduced into the dehydrator 27 to be dehydrated and then discarded in the form of a cake.

The growth of Bacillus bacteria in the reaction medium 7 is performed in the following manner, with reference to FIG. 1 .

In the present invention, the most core process is performed in the reaction paper 7 , and the reaction paper 7 at this time can be divided into four compartments.

First, it is necessary to create an environment in which Bacillus, a migratory bacillus, can live well in the first reaction paper (8). When the dissolved oxygen (DO) is maintained at 0.5 to 1.0 mg/l by controlling the amount of injected air in the first reaction paper (8), the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) becomes 200 to 250 mV, and the Bacillus bacteria ingests an alkaline substance and thus hydrogen ions The concentration (pH) is adjusted to 6.0 to 6.9. Since the mixed suspended solids (MLSS) concentration should be maintained at 2,000 to 4,000 mg/l, the amount of sludge is variably returned through the reaction vessel return unit 16 in the settling tank 15 to control the amount. In this way, the living environment of Bacillus bacteria is improved, and the concentration of mixed cells ^{is cultured at 10 6} to 10 ⁹ cells/ml, so that the demand for high-concentration organic matter and nutrients is further increased, and contaminants are effectively removed. . This is because 0.12 kg of nitrogen and 0.025 kg of phosphorus are required to synthesize 1 kg of cells, assuming that the cell components are C ₅₀ H ₈₇ O ₂₃ N _{12 P.}

Bacillus bacteria mainly use organic matter as a carbon source and energy source, but some Bacillus species (such as Bacillus liceformis, Bacillus pestidios, Bacillus pasteuri, etc.) decompose urea, uric acid, purine and ammonium salt into nitrogen and energy sources. Intake of biological phosphorus is maximized when dissolved oxygen (DO) is 0.5mg/l, and organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage and wastewater are effectively removed.

Bacillus bacteria consist of 50% carbon, 20% oxygen, 14% nitrogen, and 3% phosphorus. In addition, during logarithmic growth, Bacillus secretes powerful hydrolytic enzymes such as Catalase and Super Oxide Dismutase to decompose difficult-to-decompose polysaccharides, nucleic acids, proteins and lipids. It is used as an electron donor, and these enzymes play a role in destroying toxic active oxygen derivatives.

On the other hand, as a method of removing nitrogen in all existing biological treatment methods of sewage and wastewater, nitrogen is nitrified while maintaining 2 to 3 mg/l of dissolved oxygen in the aeration tank, and then it is removed by inducing nitrogen gas through anaerobic and anoxic processes. However, this results in consuming 4.457 kg of dissolved oxygen per 1 kg of nitrogen, which in turn burdens a huge amount of power. However, in the present invention, since the dissolved oxygen in the reaction vessel 7 is maintained at 1 mg/l or less, in the competition between the nitrifying microorganism and the heterotrophic microorganism (Bacillus), the nitrifying microorganism is hit, so that nitrification does not occur at all. _{Hydrogen emulsification (H 2} S), amine compounds, ammonium salts, and ammonia nitrogen contained in sewage and wastewater are consumed as they are and are converted into cell constituents.

Into the reaction vessel 7, for example, for components including both essential and non-essential components of the microbial activator, it can be included in the form shown in Table 1 below, and the microbial activator of the corresponding form is introduced into the biological oxygen demand (BOD) By dissolving 0.02 to 0.04 g in water per 1 kg per day, it induces and promotes the growth and sporulation of filamentous Bacillus filaments. Among the properties of the injected microorganism activator, silicic acid is involved in the growth of filamentous bodies and facilitates the intake of phosphorus, and magnesium is involved in stabilizing the structures of ribosomes, spore membranes, nucleic acids, etc. in the sporulation process, and various enzymes, especially phosphoric acid It is also required for the activity of transferase, and manganese acts as an activator of many enzymes and is involved in the secretion of a disproportionation enzyme (superoxide dismutase) that has an important role in detoxifying active oxygen derivatives toxic to microorganisms, and calcium is involved in sporulation It is consumed as a component of the epidermis and is also involved in phosphorus removal by binding with the remaining phosphorus components and precipitating.

Characteristics of microbial activators ingredient Concentration (% w/w) ingredient Concentration (% w/w) calcium oxide 25-28 titanium oxide 1-3 silicic acid 25-35 iron oxide 0.1-1.0 magnesium sulfate 7-15 brimstone 0.1-1.0 aluminum oxide 7-15 manganese dioxide 0.1-1.0 magnesium oxide 5-9 phosphorus trioxide 0.01-0.05 manganese sulfate 1-5

Here, as for the conditions in the reaction vessel 7, the application temperature range is 10 to 45°C, but the optimum temperature range is 20 to 35°C. SV is between 50 and 70% v/v, and SVI of 100 is suitable. Therefore, the microbial phase in the reaction site forms filamentous bodies and coexists with Bacillus bacteria, endospores that have been returned, and protozoans and metazoans appearing by the food chain.

Second, in the second reaction paper (9) and the third reaction paper (10), Bacillus bacteria are sporulated as a preliminary step, and as a nutrient source for microorganisms in the first reaction paper (8), there is a sudden shortage of organic matter and inorganic nutrients. As a means of survival for filamentous Bacillus bacteria under oligotrophic conditions, straight rod-shaped cells begin to form one spore per cell with strong resistance to bad environments. At this time, if dissolved oxygen is present, spore formation is delayed, so the amount of injected air is rapidly reduced to control the dissolved oxygen to be 0.1 mg/l or less. In this way, when organic substances and inorganic nutrients are reduced and dissolved oxygen is reduced, the living environment deteriorates and endospores start to form. Floc) gets larger and the specific gravity increases. In addition, protozoa ingest non-agglomerated dispersed cells, and metazoans ingest non-precipitated microbial mass.

What is noteworthy in this state is that when spores enter the stationary phase after formation, Bacillus bacitracin, Bacillus porimycin (B. Polymyxin), Bacillus tyrosidine (B. Tyrocidin), Bacillus gramicidine ( B. Granicidin) and B. Ciraulin, etc. are secreted in large amounts to lyse and kill E. coli and general bacteria and cause a disinfection effect on treated water. In particular, B. Thuringiensis produces a toxic crystal protein (Crystali Neprotein) during spore formation, which prevents the occurrence and growth of insects (flies, mosquitoes, etc.), which are invertebrates contained in the sludge. , SV should be about 40 to 50%.

Third, in the fourth stage 11 of the reaction, the surrounding living environment of Bacillus is in the worst state, and the vegetative cells of almost all cells form endospores and change to a state in which solid-liquid separation can easily occur (endospore formation). ability never occurs during vegetative growth). On the other hand, it is preferable to install an underwater stirrer capable of mechanically stirring in order to prevent settling.

The sporulation time proceeds from 20 minutes to several hours depending on the surrounding conditions.

In this way, Bacillus bacteria continue to divide and grow logarithmically while forming filaments at first, and when the surrounding conditions are bad, they form endospores, and when the surrounding conditions are good, they germinate to form filaments, repeating the process of treating sewage and wastewater. is made

The life cycle of these Bacillus bacteria is shown in FIG. 4 .

On the other hand, since hydrogen emulsion (H ₂ S), mercaptan, and various nitrogen compounds are ingested and removed during the treatment of sewage and wastewater, no odor is generated and a separate deodorization facility is not required. It is desirable to send a portion of the sludge to a pretreatment facility to reduce odors in the facility.

And the mechanism (Mechanism) of the sewage and wastewater treatment according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 5 .

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following examples are only examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto. A plurality of examples may exist, and the objects, features, and advantages of the present invention may be better understood through these examples.

1 is a process diagram showing a sewage and wastewater treatment apparatus and method according to the present invention, according to a first embodiment.

First, the sewage and wastewater flowing in through the inlet pipe (1) are removed from contaminants and relatively bulky suspended matter in the pre-treatment facility (2), and then flowed into the flow rate adjustment tank (4) and the water quality is equalized while staying for a certain period of time. ㆍAfter introducing a certain amount of wastewater into the reaction vessel 7, the organic substances and inorganic nutrients contained therein are in contact with the high-concentration Bacillus bacteria, ingested and oxidatively decomposed by metabolism, and the Bacillus bacteria grow logarithmically in the form of filaments. do.

Here, the flow rate adjustment section 4 may be omitted if the quantity and quality of the incoming sewage and wastewater are constant. Then, a small amount of microbial activator is administered to the reaction first paper 8 to promote the growth of filamentous bodies by vegetative cell division of Bacillus and promote sporulation and germination of spores.

In addition, the amount of air is adjusted so that the dissolved oxygen (DO) of the first reaction paper 8 is 1 mg/l or less, and the concentration of the mixed suspended solids (MLSS) is 2,000 to 4,000 mg/l. The amount of returned sludge is variably controlled and introduced through the The hydrogen ion concentration (pH) is 6.0 to 6.9, and the water temperature is optimal at 20 to 35 ° C. At this time, the concentration of Bacillus bacteria is 10 ⁶ to 10 ⁹ cells/ml, and organic substances and inorganic nutrients are used as nutrients. When ingested and pollutants in sewage and wastewater are removed and introduced into the reaction 2 (9) and reaction 3 (10), the nutrient source of Bacillus bacteria is almost depleted, and the living environment deteriorates and the cells for survival One endospore starts to form per one, and to further promote this, the amount of aeration is greatly reduced so that the dissolved oxygen (DO) is 0.1 mg/l or less.

Thereafter, in order to spore all filamentous bodies of the remaining Bacillus bacteria in the reaction 4 paper 11 as much as possible, the dissolved oxygen (DO) is reduced as much as possible without injecting air at all, and the reaction 4 paper stirring device 13 is operated to prevent sedimentation. By preventing it, almost all cells become endospores while maintaining the living environment of the cells in the worst state.

In addition, E. coli and general bacteria are mostly lysed and killed by the physiologically active substances secreted as endospores progress, and after sporulation, adhesive substances are secreted around the endospores. The solid-liquid separation is well accomplished by attaching it to form a large floc and increasing the specific gravity.

In the next process, the settling tank 15, solid-liquid separation occurs while staying for a certain period of time. The sludge transferred from the settling tank to the reaction tank, the pretreatment facility, and the sludge enrichment zone is all controlled according to the concentration of the mixed suspended solids (MLSS) in the reaction zone. The symbol water 19 is discharged 21 through the disinfection paper 20, and a part of the settled sludge is transferred to the first reaction pond 8, compared to the inflow to the flow control pond 4 through the reaction paper return unit 16 It is returned to 50 to 90%, which is variably operated to adjust the concentration of the mixed suspended solids (MLSS) of Bacillus bacteria in the reaction first paper 8 to 2,000 to 4,000 mg/l, and to the flow rate adjustment paper 4 Sludge of 0 to 10% of the inflow is sent to the pretreatment facility 2 through the pretreatment facility return unit 17 to reduce odors. When the concentration of the mixed suspended solids in the reaction paper becomes 4,000 mg/l or more, the surplus sludge 18 is sent to the sludge thickener 22, and the concentrated sludge 23 is stored in the thickened sludge storage 25, and then a certain amount It is introduced into the dehydrator 27 and dehydrated, and then taken out as a sludge cake 29 and used for incineration, landfill or composting.

The sewage and wastewater treatment process may be continuously and continuously (continuous) proceeding. The total inflow into the flow control tank 4 and the total outflow from the settling tank 15 to the symbol water 19 and the surplus sludge 18 are the same, maintained at 1Q (Quantity).

Therefore, it is natural that there is no need to install a separate deodorizing facility as the odor generated from the sewage and wastewater treatment facility, which is thoroughly rejected by local residents as a resident-loathing facility, is ingested and decomposed by Bacillus throughout the entire process.

Table 2 shows a comparison between the process of the present invention described above and the existing treatment process.

process of the present invention Activated sludge process recently introduced
Advanced treatment process Related microorganisms Dominant Bacillus aerobic fungi that live in water Aquatic aerobic and anaerobic fungi treatment process Pretreatment → weakly aerobic biological treatment Pretreatment → Aerobic Biological Treatment Pretreatment → Anaerobic Biological Treatment → Anaerobic Treatment → Aerobic Biological Treatment dissolved oxygen 0.5 to 1.0 mg/l 2mg/l or more 0mg/l, 2mg/l or more bulking phenomenon does not occur occurred occurred mixed suspended solids 2,000 to 4,000 mg/l 1,500mg/l 1,500 to 5,000 mg/l Nitrogen Removal Principle Bacillus ingests ammonia nitrogen or nitrogen in the form of ammonia salt and converts it into cell constituents Only the necessary amount of nitrogen is taken in by the fungus, and the nitrogen from the tree is released as nitrogen oxides. It becomes nitrogen oxide by aeration and nitric acid bacteria, and degassing from anaerobic state to nitrogen state Phosphorus Removal Principle Bacillus bacteria are removed using the growth conditions in which the microorganisms consume phosphorus most vigorously when DO is 0.5mg/l. Ingest only the necessary amount of phosphorus and release the rest Inducing phosphorus release in anaerobic conditions and removing it as sludge by ingesting excessive amounts in the process of aerobicity how to deodorize not needed Incineration, chemical cleaning, activated carbon adsorption, soil deodorization Incineration, chemical cleaning, activated carbon adsorption, soil deodorization

Properties of sewage, wastewater and treated water
Unit: mg/l biological oxygen
Demand (BOD) suspended matter
(SS) chemical oxygen
Demand (COD) total nitrogen
(T-N) total phosphorus
(T-P) enemy 190 210 152 49 5 treated water 5 5 6 4 0.5 Treatment efficiency (%) 97.4 97.7 96.1 91.9 90

Sewage and wastewater having the properties shown in Table 3 and passing through the pretreatment facility (2) is subjected to biological treatment by Bacillus bacteria in the reaction tank (7) after the water quality is equalized in the flow rate adjustment tank (4) and then solid-liquid separated in the settling tank (15) Afterwards, the symbol water (settling cell effluent) 19 is discharged 21 through the disinfection paper 20 . As shown in Table 3, the treatment efficiency showed high values of BOD 97.4%, SS 97.7%, COD 96.1%, T-N 91.9%, and T-P 90%. In addition, about 5% of the settled sludge was sent to the pretreatment facility (2), and 50 to 100% of the settled sludge was returned to the first reaction pond (8) according to the concentration of the mixed suspended solids in the reaction tank (7). , the surplus sludge was sent to the sludge thickener 22 . The operating conditions for this are shown in Table 4.

driving conditions flow
(m ³ /d) quiet amount
(m ³ ) BOD volumetric load
(kg/m ³ .d) F/M ratio
(kg/kg.d) MLSS
(mg/l) residence time
(hr) sludge
shipping cost
(%) sleep load
(m ³ /m ² ) reaction paper 600 150 0.6 0.22 3,000 6 50 to 100 15 sedimentation basin 600 94 - - - 3.8 - 16

The following Table 5 gives an example of ^{100 m 3} treatment of food wastewater having the same properties as in Table 3 per day.

Characteristics of raw water and treated water
Unit: mg/l biological oxygen
Demand (BOD) suspended matter
(SS) chemical oxygen
Demand (COD) Normal Hexane
Extract (n-H) total nitrogen
(T-N) total phosphorus
(T-P) enemy 915 820 960 87 81 35 treated water 5 5 7 One 5 One Treatment efficiency (%) 99.5 99.4 99.3 98.9 93.8 97.1

As a result of treating raw water having properties as shown in Table 5 in the treatment process of the present invention, high values of BOD 99.5%, SS 99.4%, COD 99.3%, n-H 98.9%, T-N 97.5%, and T-P 97.1% were shown.

In particular, in the case of the n-hexane extract material, it is remarkable for obtaining the above-mentioned treatment efficiency without going through an oil treatment process. In addition, no odor was generated during the treatment process.

The operating conditions for this are shown in Table 6.

driving conditions flow
(m ³ /d) quiet amount
(m ³ ) BOD volumetric load
(kg/m ³ .d) F/M ratio
(kg/kg.d) MLSS
(mg/l) residence time
(hr) sludge
shipping cost
(%) sleep load
(m ³ /m ² ) reaction paper 100 114 0.8 0.2 4,000 27 50-100 - sedimentation basin 100 15.2 - - - 3.6 - 12

1: Inlet pipe
2: Pretreatment facility
3: Pre-treatment facility effluent
4: flow control paper
5: Flow control area aeration device
6: Outflow from the flow control area
7: reaction paper
8: reaction first sheet
9: Reaction Chapter 2
10: reaction 3
11: Reaction Chapter 4
12: Reactor aerator
13: Reaction 4th paper stirring device
14: reaction paper effluent
15: settling tank
16: reaction paper conveying unit
17: Pre-treatment facility return unit
18: surplus sludge
19: clarifier effluent
20: disinfection paper
21: effluent
22: sludge thickening paper
23: effluent thickened sludge
24: separation solution
25: thickened sludge reservoir
26: dehydrator inflow thickened sludge
27: dehydrator
28: Talyak
29: Take out sludge cake
30: microbial active dissolution tank
31: microorganism active inlet

Claims (21)

As a sewage and wastewater treatment device including a pretreatment facility, a reaction tank and a settling tank,
Comprising a microbial active inlet for introducing a microbial active against Bacillus bacteria into the reaction zone,
Sewage and wastewater treatment equipment using Bacillus bacteria. According to claim 1,
That the microbial active inlet is connected to the microbial active dissolving tank
Sewage and wastewater treatment equipment using Bacillus bacteria. According to claim 1,
The settling pond includes a reaction paper return unit for returning a predetermined amount of the settled sludge to the reaction site,
Sewage and wastewater treatment equipment using Bacillus bacteria. 4. The method of claim 3,
A predetermined amount of the sludge returned from the settling tank to the reaction tank through the reaction tank return unit is,
50 to 90% of the inflow to the flow control site,
Sewage and wastewater treatment equipment using Bacillus bacteria. According to claim 1,
The settling pond includes a pretreatment facility return unit that returns a predetermined amount of the settled sludge to the pretreatment facility,
Sewage and wastewater treatment equipment using Bacillus bacteria. 6. The method of claim 5,
A predetermined amount of sludge returned from the settling tank to the pre-treatment facility through the pre-treatment facility return unit is
0 to 10% of the inflow to the flow control site,
Sewage and wastewater treatment equipment using Bacillus bacteria. According to claim 1,
The sewage and wastewater treatment device includes a sensing unit and a control unit for maintaining the mixed suspended solids in the reaction vessel at a constant concentration,
Sewage and wastewater treatment equipment using Bacillus bacteria. 8. The method of claim 7,
The sensing unit is present in the reaction paper,
The control unit receives a signal from the sensing unit to convey the sludge to the reaction vessel conveying unit and/or the pretreatment facility conveying unit to maintain the mixed suspended solids in the reaction vessel at a constant concentration
Sewage and wastewater treatment equipment using Bacillus bacteria. 8. The method of claim 7,
The concentration of the mixed suspended solids (MLSS) in the reactor is to be maintained at 2000 to 4000 mg / l,
Sewage and wastewater treatment equipment using Bacillus bacteria. According to claim 1,
The sewage and wastewater treatment device comprises a dissolved oxygen control unit in the reactor,
Sewage and wastewater treatment equipment using Bacillus bacteria. According to claim 1,
The sewage and wastewater treatment device includes a temperature control unit in the reaction vessel,
Sewage and wastewater treatment equipment using Bacillus bacteria. In treating sewage and wastewater through a sewage and wastewater treatment device including a pretreatment facility, a reaction tank, and a settling pond,
Including introducing a microbial activator for Bacillus bacteria into the reaction zone so that Bacillus bacteria treat organic wastewater,
Sewage and wastewater treatment method using Bacillus bacteria. 13. The method of claim 12,
Including returning a predetermined amount of the sludge deposited in the settling tank to the reaction tank,
Sewage and wastewater treatment method using Bacillus bacteria. 13. The method of claim 12,
Including returning a predetermined amount of the sludge deposited in the settling pond to a pretreatment facility,
Sewage and wastewater treatment method using Bacillus bacteria. 13. The method of claim 12,
The microbial activator is
containing one or two or more selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide, silicic acid, magnesium sulfate and manganese sulfate,
Sewage and wastewater treatment method using Bacillus bacteria. 16. The method of claim 15,
The microbial activator is
Further comprising one or two or more selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, iron oxide, sulfur, manganese dioxide and phosphorus trioxide,
Sewage and wastewater treatment method using Bacillus bacteria. 13. The method of claim 12,
The microbial activator is
Biological oxygen demand (BOD) per kg of 0.01 to 0.05 g dissolved in water and quantitatively administered,
Sewage and wastewater treatment method using Bacillus bacteria. 13. The method of claim 12,
The reaction paper,
maintained at a culture temperature of 10-45 °C,
Sewage and wastewater treatment method using Bacillus bacteria. 13. The method of claim 12,
The reaction paper,
maintained at a dissolved oxygen amount (DO) of 0 to 1.5 mg/l,
Sewage and wastewater treatment method using Bacillus bacteria. 13. The method of claim 12,
The culture and proliferation of Bacillus bacteria in the reaction medium,
Proceeding at a sludge volume (SV) of 40 to 80% v/v,
Sewage and wastewater treatment method using Bacillus bacteria. 13. The method of claim 12,
The culture and proliferation of Bacillus bacteria in the reaction medium,
conducted at a sludge volume index (SVI) of 80 to 130,
Sewage and wastewater treatment method using Bacillus bacteria.

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