KR20220004838A - Fire-proof board having egg-shell - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a fireproof material comprises a base composition comprising cement; and a flame retarding material comprising fine particles of egg shells lower than fineness and particle size of the cement. According to the present invention, egg shells can be easily supplied and carried.

Description

Fireproof material including eggshell {FIRE-PROOF BOARD HAVING EGG-SHELL}

The following description relates to a refractory material comprising an eggshell.

Due to the recent economic development, buildings for multiple purposes are being built to maximize the size of buildings and high-rise buildings, as well as to maximize urban population concentration and land use. Accordingly, the increase in the use density of buildings is further intensifying, and the risk of disasters is also increasing. As such, when a fire occurs in a building with large-scale, high-rise, and high-use density, it is not just a damage to the building, but is directly linked to a threat to the lives of the occupants, and the severity of the fire is higher.

On the other hand, fires occurring in tunnels, machine rooms, underground structures, etc. are closed spaces, and at the same time, correspond to oil fires, resulting in extremely high temperatures, which further increases damage to concrete structures. In addition, the problem of structural deterioration may occur due to damage to the existing fire-resistance coating caused by the explosion.

Currently, as a measure to prevent the spread of fire in apartment houses, fire spread prevention bands are installed in which inorganic insulation materials are installed between organic insulation materials at regular intervals. However, the fire spread prevention belt is not only complicated to construct, but also sags after construction due to the high temperature and high humidity of Korea, which may create a gap through which flames can penetrate, and there is a problem that it cannot be applied to existing buildings.

In addition, as a fire-resistance measure for buildings and structures, magnesium board and calcium silicate board, which are used as non-combustible finishing materials, are typically used. In addition, since most of the raw materials and materials are produced dependent on imports, the products are also expensive. Due to these problems, in most cases, fire-resistance measures were made with a fire-resistance spray finish rather than a fire-resistance coating (board) finish. However, in the case of refractory spraying, which is generally used, not only fires caused by ultra-high temperature fires or explosions, but also in general cases, after a certain period of time, repair is required, etc., and the durability is weak. Therefore, there is a need for research on fire resistant boards that respond to special situations such as ultra-high temperature fires and have improved performance compared to existing fire resistant coatings.

The content described as the above-mentioned background art is possessed or acquired by the inventor in the process of derivation of the present invention, and cannot necessarily be acknowledged as known technology disclosed to the general public prior to the filing of the present invention.

An object of the embodiment is to provide a fire resistant material including an eggshell that is easy to apply to an existing building, easy to manufacture, and inexpensive.

The problems to be solved in the embodiments are not limited to the problems mentioned above, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

It relates to a refractory material having fire resistance performance according to the embodiment and capable of preventing the spread of fire, and a refractory material including an eggshell will be described.

A refractory material including an eggshell according to an embodiment includes: a base composition including cement; And it is configured to include a flame retardant containing the fine powder of the egg shell lower than the fineness and particle size of cement.

According to one side, the flame retardant includes fine powder of eggshell having a fineness of 2,500 cm 2 /g or less and a particle size of 420 μm or less. And in the flame retardant, the substitution rate of the eggshell with respect to the base composition is 60% or less. Here, in the flame retardant, the substitution rate of the egg shell with respect to the base composition is preferably 45% or less, and more preferably 30% or less.

According to one side, the flame retardant may be mixed as a filler smaller than the fine aggregate.

According to one side, the fire resistant material may be used in the form of a fire resistant coating or fire resistant board or tile of a building. For example, the thickness of the refractory material may be formed to have a thickness of 10 mm or more.

On the other hand, the refractory material including an egg shell according to another embodiment includes fine powder of the egg shell as a filling material in order to improve fire resistance performance and improve physical or chemical properties, and has a porous surface.

According to one side, the filling material includes fine powder of eggshell having a fineness of 2,500 cm 2 /g or less and a particle size of 420 μm or less. In addition, the filling material includes an egg shell having a substitution rate of the egg shell of 60% or less with respect to the base composition.

As seen above, according to the embodiments, since the eggshell is included, the fire resistance performance is excellent, the cost is low, and the weight is light, so that it can be used as a fireproof material and a fireproof material for the exterior wall.

In addition, processing is simpler and easier to process than oyster shells, and transport and supply of egg shells are easy.

Effects of the refractory material including the egg shell according to the embodiment are not limited to those mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

1 is a block diagram illustrating a method of manufacturing a refractory material including an eggshell according to an exemplary embodiment.
2 is a graph showing a heating test result of a refractory material including an egg shell according to an embodiment.
3 is a graph showing the results of a heating experiment according to the substitution rate of the egg shell in a refractory material including an egg shell according to an embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to exemplary drawings. In adding reference numerals to the components of each drawing, it should be noted that the same components are given the same reference numerals as much as possible even though they are indicated on different drawings. In addition, in the description of the embodiment, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known configuration or function interferes with the understanding of the embodiment, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In addition, in describing the components of the embodiment, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), (b), etc. may be used. These terms are only for distinguishing the elements from other elements, and the essence, order, or order of the elements are not limited by the terms. When it is described that a component is "connected", "coupled" or "connected" to another component, the component may be directly connected or connected to the other component, but another component is between each component. It will be understood that may also be "connected", "coupled" or "connected".

Components included in one embodiment and components having a common function will be described using the same names in other embodiments. Unless otherwise stated, a description described in one embodiment may be applied to another embodiment, and a detailed description in the overlapping range will be omitted.

Hereinafter, a fire resistant material 100 including an eggshell according to an exemplary embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 .

The fire resistant material 100 according to the present embodiments may be used for fire resistant coatings or fire boards of buildings.

The refractory material 100 is composed of a base composition 111 including cement and a flame retardant material 113 including an egg shell.

The flame retardant 113 includes an eggshell, and the eggshell included in the flame retardant 113 has a fineness of 2,500 cm2/g or less and a particle size of 420 μm or less. It can be utilized as a filling material of (100). Here, the eggshell has a fineness of about 2,226 cm 2 /g, which is a fine powder having a lower fineness than that of cement 3,300 cm 2 /g. In addition, the refractory material 100 has a particle size range of 0.163 to 419.582 μm, and is a fine powder having a smaller particle size than that of cement with a particle size of 1 to 20 μm.

In addition, the egg shell is a material containing calcium carbonate as a main raw material, and has excellent flame retardancy and nonflammability performance. Referring to Table 1, it can be seen that the content of calcium carbonate in eggshell is very high at 90.17%.

XRF analysis result of eggshell powder order number ingredient result(%) One

90.17 2

3.62 3

2.38 4

1.86 5

0.64 6

0.53 7

0.46 8

0.25 9

0.09 total - 100

Looking at the results of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of eggshell, the mass showed a slow decrease at 270℃ or higher, and it decreased rapidly from about 700~730℃. This result is due to the endothermic reaction of eggshell powder, and it can be seen that the weight of the eggshell decreases by 47wt% due to the thermal decomposition of CO2 during the pyrolysis of CO2. In addition, since eggshell itself contains very few organic foreign substances, impurities can be removed just by heating to 150~200℃, high-quality calcium carbonate can be obtained, and high cost and complicated pretreatment process are required. don't

In addition, since the eggshell is a thin, porous, and soft material, it is easy to grind and manufacture with fine powder, so it has good processability and is easy to manufacture to a desired particle size.

In addition, as shown in Tables 2 and 3, eggshell has an advantage in that it can reduce the manufacturing cost of the refractory material 100 using the eggshell in that the daily production is very large, it is easily available, and it is an inexpensive material.

Average daily production of edible eggs (2010-2019) division 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Production (EA) 36,749,987 37,382,466 37,196,209 37,770,798 39,082,278 division 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Production (EA) 41,813,373 42,722,155 34,917,157 43,188,854 44,113,408

Average daily eggshell production (2010-2019) division 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Generation (ton) 220 224 223 226 234 division 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Generation (ton) 250 256 209 259 265

For example, if the average daily eggshell production is calculated based on the average daily production of edible eggs shown in Table 2, the results shown in Table 3 can be obtained. Here, the production amount of eggshells shown in Table 3 was calculated as daily egg production × 60 g (egg weight) × 0.1 (egg shell ratio).

Referring to Tables 2 and 3, egg shells are produced in a very large amount of about 260 tons per day, but they are discarded as waste, so they can be easily obtained at low cost. In addition, the use of eggshell has advantages in terms of resource recycling and cost in terms of recycling waste. In addition, in the case of eggshells, since eggshells are generated relatively evenly across the country, it is easy to supply and receive eggshells regardless of location and distance, which is advantageous in terms of transportation and supply of materials.

The refractory material 100 uses fine egg shell powder as a filling material, and the fine egg shell powder replaces the binder (ie, cement) in the base composition 111 . Specifically, in the refractory material 100, the egg shell substitution rate is 45% or less, and preferably, the substitution rate is 30% or less.

On the other hand, egg shells are weaker in strength than oyster shells, so processability is good. In particular, oyster shells require multiple washing processes because salt, coated sand, and organic impurities are mixed, whereas in egg shells, oyster shells Compared to that, the washing process can be omitted.

Hereinafter, the performance of the refractory material 100 including the egg shell will be described.

In order to test the performance of the refractory material 100, the egg shell was crushed to make fine powder, used as a filling material, and a mortar was manufactured by varying the substitution rate for cement, and then the performance was tested. As a curing method of the mortar for the test, air, water, and autoclave were used, and the flow, compressive strength, and flexural strength of the mortar were tested. The formulation design for the performance test of the refractory material 100 is described in Table 4. In Table 4, the binder is cement, and S is ISO Sand.

Combination design for performance test of refractory materials W/C (%) Substitution rate (%) binder (g) eggshell (g) W (g) Aggregate (g) S 40 0 450 0 180 1,350 ¹⁵ 382.5 51.81 30 315 103.6 45 247.5 155.42 60 162 207.2 50 0 450 0 225 1,350 15 382.5 51.81 30 315 103.6 45 247.5 155.42 60 162 207.2 60 0 450 0 270 1,350 15 382.5 51.81 30 315 103.6 45 247.5 155.42 60 162 207.2

The flow of the refractory material 100 including the eggshell in the mortar state increased as the replacement rate of the eggshell increased. Specifically, that is, in the base composition 111, the flow increases up to a substitution rate of 30%, and the flow decreases at a substitution rate of 45% or more. This is because the flow increases as the viscosity of the cement paste decreases as the eggshell replaces the binder until the substitution rate is 30%. However, from the substitution rate of 45% or more, the absorption rate of eggshells is higher than that of sand, so the flow decreases.

And the flexural strength and compressive strength of the refractory material 100 shows a tendency to decrease the strength as the substitution rate increases. However, all of the refractory materials 100 showed the highest strength when the W/C was 40%, regardless of the curing method and age. For example, in the case of flexural strength based on the autoclave curing method, a substitution rate of 0% was 10.94 MPa, a substitution rate of 15% was 8.59 MPa, 30% was 6.88 MPa, 45% was 5.16 MPa, and 60% was 3.75 MPa. Compressive strength was measured as 0 81.65 MPa, 15% 54.33 MPa, 30% 34.83 MPa, 45% 21.33 MPa, 60% 14.77 MPa.

In the experiment on the fire resistance performance of the refractory material 100 including the egg shell, the W/C was fixed at 50%, the replacement ratio of the egg shell to the cement was changed to prepare a test specimen, and a simple heating test was performed. The formulation for the performance test is described in Table 5, and the measurement results are described in Table 6. In addition, FIG. 2 is a graph showing the RABT ZTV curve and the heating surface temperature and the back surface temperature in the heating experiment, and FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of the heating experiment according to the substitution rate of the eggshell.

Here, the heating experiment was conducted by manufacturing a simple heating furnace, heating with a torch, and heating for 30 minutes by referring to the RABT ZTV curve, and checking the temperature of the heating surface and the temperature of the back surface.

Here, FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of a heating test for the refractory material 100 when the egg shell replacement rate is 60%. Referring to FIG. 2 , as a result of heating the surface of the refractory material 100 including the eggshell at 1200± 30° C. for 30 minutes, the back temperature was measured to be 66.8° C., which increased from 22.3° C. to 44.5° C., and the flame did not penetrate during the heating time. was able to confirm

In addition, FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of a heating experiment for the refractory material 100 according to the replacement rate of the eggshell, and the replacement rate of the eggshell is 0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, and 60%, respectively. Referring to FIG. 3 , in the heating experiment, as the substitution rate of the eggshell with respect to the binder increased, the back surface temperature showed a tendency to decrease. In addition, the temperature of the back surface had the highest substitution rate from 0% to 91.5℃, and in the case of substitution rates of 45% and 60%, it was measured to be higher than 0% from 6 minutes to 17 minutes of heating time, but started to be lower than 0% after 18 minutes. Therefore, at 30 minutes, 70.0°C and 66.8°C were measured, respectively.

Combination of refractory material mortar W/C (%) Substitution rate (%) binder (g) eggshell (g) W (g) 50 0 450 0 225 15 382.5 51.81 30 315 103.6 45 247.5 155.42 60 162 207.2

Backside temperature according to substitution rate Unit : ℃ heating time
(Min) Substitution rate (%) 0 15 30 45 60 0 23.1 23.9 23.2 22.1 22.3 5 24.3 24.7 24.1 24.2 23.9 6 26.3 26.4 25.9 26.5 28.7 10 38.7 35.5 35.5 40.8 47.2 15 55.6 49.4 49.1 57.8 59.4 18 63.8 56.9 56 63.2 62.8 20 69.6 62.1 60.4 65.4 64.3 25 81.9 75.1 68.3 65.7 65.5 30 91.5 83.5 74 70 66.8

Referring to Table 6, the heat shielding properties of the refractory material 100 are lowered according to the replacement rate of the egg shell. Specifically, the back surface temperature was measured at 91.5 ° C. for 0% substitution, 83.5 ° C. for 15% substitution, 74.0 ° C. for 30% substitution, 70.0 ° C. for 45% substitution, and 66.8 ° C. for 60% substitution. .

From the results shown in Fig. 3 and Table 6, it can be seen that the fire resistant material 100 including the egg shell has improved fire resistance performance as the replacement rate of the egg shell increases, and can be used as a fire resistant material such as fire resistant coatings and fire boards.

The fire resistant material 100 according to the present embodiment can have excellent quality in flame retardant and nonflammable performance because the content of calcium carbonate is increased by using the egg shell as the flame retardant 113 . In addition, eggshell is an easily available and inexpensive material, and has the advantage of being able to reduce the manufacturing cost of the refractory material 100 because the pre-treatment process is easy to handle, and the manufacturing cost is also low. In addition, although the eggshell is light in weight, it has a high content of calcium carbonate and has good moisture absorption, moisture proof, deodorization and coloring, so it can be used for various purposes. For this reason, the fire resistant material 100 including the eggshell can be used as an interior or exterior material or a finishing material of a building, and can be used in various forms such as fillers, fine aggregates, and piles. In addition, the fire resistant material 100 can be used for the purpose of protecting a heat insulating material or a finishing material, and can also be used as a finishing material or exterior material itself by manufacturing a fire resistant board, or can be used as a tile form by extruding.

For example, the fire resistant material 100 may be used as a fire resistant coating or fire resistant board of a tunnel, a machine room, an underground structure, or the like. Alternatively, the fire resistant material 100 may be installed directly on the finishing material or the insulation of the exterior wall of the building in an exterior insulation building using a combustible insulation material. Alternatively, the fire resistant material 100 may be formed in the form of a fire resistant board or tile and used as an interior or finishing material of a building.

Or, for example, when the eggshell is pressed (by hydraulic pressure), it can be formed of various types of building materials such as tile as well as fireproof materials.

As described above, although the embodiments have been described with reference to the limited drawings, various modifications and variations are possible from the above description by those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, the described techniques are performed in an order different from the described method, and/or the described components of structures, devices, etc. are combined or combined in a different form than the described method, or other components or equivalents. An appropriate result can be achieved even if it is substituted or substituted by

Therefore, the spirit of the present invention should not be limited to the described embodiments, and not only the claims described below, but also all of the claims and equivalents or equivalent modifications will be said to belong to the scope of the spirit of the present invention.

100: refractory material
111: base composition
113: flame retardant

Claims (10)

a base composition comprising cement; and
Flame retardant containing fine powder of eggshell lower than the fineness and particle size of cement;
A refractory material comprising an eggshell comprising a.
According to claim 1,
The flame retardant is a fire retardant comprising an egg shell containing fine powder of an egg shell having a powderiness of 2,500 cm 2 /g or less and a particle size of 420 μm or less.
3. The method of claim 2,
The flame retardant is a fire retardant comprising an egg shell in which the substitution rate of the egg shell with respect to the base composition is 60% or less.
4. The method of claim 3,
In the flame retardant, the substitution rate of the egg shell with respect to the base composition is preferably 45% or less, and more preferably 30% or less.
According to claim 1,
The flame retardant is a fire resistant material comprising an egg shell mixed as a filling material smaller than the fine aggregate.
According to claim 1,
The fire resistant material is a fire resistant material including an eggshell used in the form of fire resistant coatings or fire boards or tiles of buildings.
7. The method of claim 6,
The thickness of the fire resistant material comprising an egg shell formed to have a thickness of 10 mm or more.
A fireproofing material comprising an eggshell, characterized in that it contains fine powder of eggshell as a filling material to improve fireproof performance and improve physical or chemical properties, and has a porous surface.
9. The method of claim 8,
The filling material is a refractory material comprising an eggshell containing fine powder of an eggshell having a powderity of 2,500 cm2/g or less and a particle size of 420㎛ or less.
9. The method of claim 8,
The filling material is a fire resistant material comprising an egg shell having a substitution rate of the egg shell with respect to the base composition of 60% or less.

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