KR20210157020A - Apparatus and method for irrigation decision - Google Patents

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an irrigation determination device and a method which can accurately determine whether or not irrigation is performed by reflecting the state of a crop or soil without directly measuring the state of the crop or the soil. One embodiment according to the present invention provides the irrigation determination device which comprises: a crop coefficient calculation unit calculating a crop coefficient of the crop based on information about the crop and temperature information of a cultivation area; a moisture retention calculation unit calculating a moisture retention amount based on the soil information and water supply amount information of the cultivation area; a moisture usage calculation unit calculating a moisture usage amount based on the crop coefficient, the soil information, and the meteorological information of the cultivation area; and an irrigation determining unit determining whether or not the irrigation is performed based on a moisture requirement amount calculated based on the moisture retention amount and the moisture usage amount.

Description

Apparatus and method for determining irrigation {APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR IRRIGATION DECISION}

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for determining irrigation, and to an apparatus and method for automatically determining whether to irrigate a crop in consideration of characteristics such as a type of crop, a cultivation area, and a cultivation method.

Conventionally, there is an irrigation device or system for determining whether to irrigate, the amount of irrigation, and the irrigation timing based on the cultivation environment. The conventional irrigation determining apparatus cannot determine the exact amount of irrigation or the irrigation time as it determines whether to irrigate based on the evaporation amount provided by the Korea Meteorological Administration. In addition, there are cases in which water resources are wasted or irrigated less than the appropriate value due to inaccurate decisions. According to this, there is a problem in that the growth and characteristics of crops, cultivation methods, cultivation environments, etc. are not reflected.

In addition, the conventional method for determining irrigation to increase accuracy has a problem in that it requires a separate labor force because it is necessary to directly check the state of the crop or measure the moisture state of the cultivated soil.

Accordingly, there is a need for a method or apparatus for accurately determining whether to irrigate by reflecting the state of crops, cultivation conditions, etc. without input of additional labor.

The above-mentioned background art is technical information that the inventor possessed for the derivation of the embodiments of the present invention or acquired in the process of derivation, and it cannot be said that it is necessarily known technology disclosed to the general public prior to the filing of the embodiments of the present invention. none.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an irrigation determining apparatus and method capable of accurately determining whether to irrigate by reflecting the state of a crop or soil without directly measuring the state of the crop or soil, in order to solve the above-described problem.

However, the problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned problems, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

In order to achieve the above object, an apparatus for determining irrigation according to the present invention includes: a crop coefficient calculation unit configured to calculate a crop coefficient of the crop based on information about the crop and temperature information of the cultivation area; a water retention calculation unit for calculating a water retention amount based on soil information and water supply information of the plantation; a water usage calculator configured to calculate the water usage based on the crop coefficient, the soil information, and the meteorological information of the plantation; and an irrigation determination unit for determining whether to irrigate based on the water retention amount and the water requirement calculated based on the water usage amount.

The details of other embodiments are included in the detailed description and drawings.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the irrigation determination device can determine the amount of evapotranspiration according to the type and growth state of the crop without directly checking the amount of evapotranspiration, and determines whether to irrigate by reflecting the cultivation environment, so more accurate irrigation determination is possible. . Furthermore, by irrigating an appropriate amount, it is possible to save water resources and achieve improvement in the quantity and quality of crops.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the irrigation determination device can calculate the water retention amount without directly irradiating the soil moisture in the farmland, thereby saving resources and labor.

1 is a block diagram of an apparatus for determining irrigation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 and 3 are diagrams for explaining crop counting according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a flowchart of a method for determining watering according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the embodiments disclosed in the present specification will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the same or similar components are assigned the same reference numbers regardless of reference numerals, and redundant description thereof will be omitted. The suffixes "module" and "part" for components used in the following description are given or mixed in consideration of only the ease of writing the specification, and do not have distinct meanings or roles by themselves. In addition, in describing the embodiments disclosed in the present specification, if it is determined that detailed descriptions of related known technologies may obscure the gist of the embodiments disclosed in this specification, the detailed description thereof will be omitted. In addition, the accompanying drawings are only for easy understanding of the embodiments disclosed in the present specification, and the technical idea disclosed herein is not limited by the accompanying drawings, and all changes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention , should be understood to include equivalents or substitutes.

Terms including an ordinal number such as 1st, 2nd, etc. may be used to describe various elements, but the elements are not limited by the terms. The above terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

When an element is referred to as being “connected” or “connected” to another element, it is understood that it may be directly connected or connected to the other element, but other elements may exist in between. it should be On the other hand, when it is said that a certain element is "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that the other element does not exist in the middle.

The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

In the present application, terms such as “comprises” or “have” are intended to designate that a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification exists, but one or more other features It should be understood that this does not preclude the existence or addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

1 is a block diagram for explaining the configuration of an irrigation determination apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The irrigation determination apparatus 100 according to the embodiment of FIG. 1 includes a crop count calculation unit 110 , a water retention calculation unit 130 , a water usage calculation unit 120 , an irrigation determination unit 140 , and an irrigation performing unit (150). Unlike the embodiment of FIG. 1 , the irrigation determination apparatus 100 does not include the irrigation performing unit 150 , and includes a crop count calculation unit 110 , a water retention calculation unit 130 , a water usage calculation unit 120 , and only the watering determination unit 140 .

1 , the crop count calculation unit 110 , the water retention calculation unit 130 , the water usage calculation unit 120 , and the irrigation determination unit 140 may each be configured as independent calculation units. Unlike the embodiment of FIG. 1 , the crop count calculation unit 110 , the water retention calculation unit 130 , the water usage calculation unit 120 , and the irrigation determination unit 140 may be combined into one processor. In this case, each operation and calculation may be performed on the processor.

The crop count calculation unit 110 , the water retention calculation unit 130 , the water usage calculation unit 120 , and the irrigation determination unit 140 may be devices or parts that perform calculation, control, and determination, respectively. For example, the crop count calculation unit 110 , the water retention calculation unit 130 , the water usage calculation unit 120 , and the irrigation determination unit 140 may include application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) and digital signals (DSPs), respectively. processors), DSPDs (digital signal processing devices), PLDs (programmable logic devices), FPGAs (field programmable gate arrays), processors, Micro Processors, ICs (Integrated Circuits), CPUs (Central Processing Units) , microcontroller unit (MCU), electronic control unit (ECU) controllers, micro-controllers, microprocessors, and other electrical units for performing other functions. .

The watering determination apparatus 100 may include a separate memory (not shown). In this case, the memory may be electrically connected to the crop count calculation unit 110 , the water retention calculation unit 130 , the water usage calculation unit 120 , and the irrigation determination unit 140 . The memory, in terms of hardware, may be various storage devices such as ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash drive, hard drive, and the like. The memory is the first half of the irrigation determination device 100, such as a program for processing or controlling the crop count calculation unit 110, the water retention amount calculation unit 130, the water usage calculation unit 120, and the irrigation determination unit 140 It can store various data for the operation of Alternatively, the crop count calculator 110 , the water retention calculator 130 , the water usage calculator 120 , and the irrigation determiner 140 may each include a separate memory. Various information mentioned below may be stored in a memory.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the watering determination apparatus 100 may include a separate input unit (not shown) or a communication unit (not shown). The watering determination apparatus 100 may acquire and transmit various information necessary for calculation and determination of each calculation unit through an input unit or a communication unit. Also, the irrigation determination apparatus 100 may transmit a command related to irrigation to the irrigation performing unit 150 that is separately present through the communication unit.

Hereinafter, each calculation unit of the water supply determination apparatus 100 according to the present invention will be described in detail.

The crop coefficient calculation unit 110 may calculate a crop coefficient of a cultivated crop based on the information on the crop and the temperature information of the cultivation area. The crop coefficient calculation unit 110 may obtain crop information and temperature information through at least one of a memory, a communication unit, and an input unit.

Information on crops includes information on planting dates, intrinsic basic temperature for growth, growth stages corresponding to growth days, and crop coefficients for each growth stage, and other various characteristics corresponding to crop types. can do.

The information on the planting date of the crop is information on the date on which the crop is planted in the cultivation area. The crop count exudate may calculate a growing period of the crop based on the information on the planting date of the crop.

The intrinsic base temperature (base line) for the growth of crops is the basic temperature required to start growth and development according to the species of the crop. The base temperature is also referred to as the reference temperature. The base temperature has a different value for each crop. For example, the basic temperature of a crop that grows even at low temperatures, such as autumn vegetables, may be 5°C. The basic temperature of summer crops in general temperate regions may be 10°C. The basic temperature for crops that require high temperatures for growth may be 15°C. This may be a value determined by experiment. Information on the intrinsic basic temperature for the growth of crops may be provided to the crop coefficient calculating unit 110 by being composed of a data set.

The information on the growth stage corresponding to the date of growth is a data set for a growth stage preset in response to the date of growth. Growing Degree Day (GDD) is to indicate the amount of energy required for crop growth. (Highest daily temperature + Daily minimum temperature) / 2 - Base temperature from the planting date to the growing period values are summed up. The growth degree date is designed to predict the cultivability of a specific crop according to the climate of a specific area or to predict the growth stage of a crop under cultivation. Accordingly, the growth stage may be determined according to the growth day of the crop. The growth stage determined according to the growth date may be determined by a test or a preset value. The data set for the growth stage preset corresponding to the growth day may be stored in the memory or obtained through the communication unit or the input unit.

The crop coefficient calculation unit 110 may calculate the growth degree of the crop based on the planting date and the information on the inherent basic temperature for growth and the temperature information of the cultivation area. In an embodiment of the present invention, the crop coefficient calculating unit 110 calculates a period during which a crop is grown from the planting date of the crop, and (day maximum temperature value + daily minimum temperature value) / 2 during the calculated growth period - By summing the basic temperature values, the growth days of crops can be calculated.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the temperature information of the plantation includes temperature information for each time zone of the plantation, and the crop coefficient calculating unit 110, when calculating the growth day of the crop, is based on the intrinsic basic temperature for growth. It is possible to calculate the date of growth of crops based on the information about the temperature and the temperature information for each time period. Specifically, the crop coefficient calculation unit 110 may calculate a difference value between the temperature and the basic temperature for each time period, and calculate the daily average value of the calculated temperature-basic temperature difference value for each time period as the growth day of the crop. . According to this embodiment, the prediction accuracy of the growth date can be further improved.

The crop coefficient calculator 110 may determine the growth stage of the crop based on the information on the growth stage corresponding to the growth date of the crop and the calculated growth date.

The crop coefficient calculation unit 110 may calculate the crop coefficient of the crop based on the information on the crop coefficient for each growth stage of the crop and the determined growth stage. The crop coefficient may be a basal crop coefficient (Kcb).

The information on the crop coefficients for each growth stage may be a dataset for a crop coefficient preset in response to the growth stage. For example, several growth stages may exist depending on the type of crop, and respective crop coefficients corresponding to various growth stages of a specific crop may exist. The crop coefficient according to this growth stage may be determined experimentally. The graph of FIG. 2 (c) shows the basic crop coefficient (Kcb) that changes according to the growth stage. Referring to the graph (c) of FIG. 2 , the corresponding crop has various crop coefficients as it grows. The information on the crop coefficient for each growth stage indicates a crop coefficient value for each growth stage according to the type of crop.

The crop coefficient may be a basal crop coefficient (Kcb) applied to the Penman-Monteith equation. The Penman-Monteith equation is a simple way to calculate the evapotranspiration of crops using crop coefficients. Referring to FIG. 2 (b), according to the FAO Penman-Monteith method, the evapotranspiration amount of crops is calculated based on standard plants (grass, grass) (ETo), and the crop coefficient (Kc) tailored to the growth stage of the target crop is calculated. Multiplying, the amount of moisture required for a crop (ETc) can be easily estimated. Using the calculated evapotranspiration and crop weight, Water Usage Effectiveness (WUE) can be obtained, and a model for predicting crop demand according to the moisture environment can be calculated using this.

Figure 2 (a) is an equation representing the amount of evapotranspiration in a state in which water is sufficiently supplied on a surface having a reflectance of 0.23, and a hypothetical crop having a height of 12 cm covers all of the ground surface. (FAO Penman-Monteith equation) The meaning of each variable in the FAO Penman-Monteith equation is as follows.

ETo: reference evapotranspiration or potential evapotranspiration [mm day-1],

Rn: net radiation at the crop surface [MJ m-2 day-1],

G: soil heat flux density [MJ m-2 day-1],

T: mean daily air temperature at 2 m height [°C],

u ₂ : wind speed at 2 m height [m s-1],

e _s : saturation vapor pressure [kPa],

e _a : actual vapor pressure [kPa],

Δ: slope vapor pressure curve [kPa °C-1],

γ: wet-bulb constant (psychrometric constant [kPa °C-1]).

3 is a graph showing the change in the evaporation amount according to the growth period in an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to the graph of FIG. 3 , the evaporation amount may vary according to the growth period and temperature. For example, if ETo (18 / 12 °C) is applied to the initial Kcb value, and ETo (23 / 17 °C) is applied to the intermediate Kcb and late Kcb values, Kcb initial value = 0.11, Kcb intermediate value = 0.86 and Kcb late value = 0.43 can be calculated.

The crop count calculator 110 may transmit the calculated crop count to the water usage calculator 120 .

The water retention calculation unit 130 may calculate the water retention amount based on the soil information and the water supply amount information of the cultivation area. The water retention calculation unit 130 may obtain soil information and water supply amount information through at least one of a memory, a communication unit, and an input unit.

The soil information of the cultivation area may include information on the physical properties of the cultivated soil and the state of the field covering.

The physical properties of the soil are concepts representing the soil (sand, loam, loam, loam, etc.), hardness, structure, voids, and the like. Information on the physical properties of the cultivated soil may include various values indicating the physical properties of the cultivated soil. For example, the water retention calculation unit 130 may determine the pavement capacity of the soil in the cultivation area, based on the soil physical property information.

The information on the pavement covering state of the cultivated soil is information indicating how much the cultivation site is covered with what kind of pavement. Various field covering methods (hereinafter referred to as cultivation methods) can be used when cultivating crops. For example, cultivation methods that affect evapotranspiration include tunnel cultivation and mulching cultivation. In the case of tunnel cultivation, crops are planted inside the plastic house, and even if evapotranspiration occurs inside the plastic house, it circulates only inside. Mulching is a method of covering the soil with plastic. In the case of mulching cultivation, it has an effect of keeping heat or preventing weeds from forming. When mulching cultivation is performed, the soil evaporation coefficient (Ke) may be zero. For example, if the soil is covered with black vinyl, evapotranspiration does not occur, so the soil evaporation coefficient (Ke) is assumed to be 0. In mulching cultivation, Ke may vary depending on the type of covering material or the coverage area. In addition to vinyl, there is a cultivation method using a non-woven fabric to cover, and in this case, adjustment of the soil evaporation coefficient (Ke) may be performed. In addition to this, there are various cultivation methods such as cultivation methods that suppress the growth of crops, which may affect crop growth and evapotranspiration.

The water supply information may include rainfall amount and irrigation amount information for the cultivated area. In more detail, the water supply information may include information on the amount of rainfall for each time period and information on the amount of irrigation for each time period.

The water retention calculation unit 130 may calculate the amount of water for pavement of the cultivated soil based on the physical property information of the cultivated soil.

The field water capacity refers to the amount of water remaining after completely excluding gravity water while preventing evaporation in the soil in a water-saturated state. Packing capacity is also called minimum water-holding capacity. For example, this may correspond to a moisture state in which one day has passed since the soil was supplied with moisture due to rainfall or irrigation in a state where the water level in the ground was low and the soil permeability was medium. Since more than the field capacity is gravity water, it inhibits the air permeability of the soil, and thus may act as a factor impeding the growth of crops. When the water retention of the soil is the same as the field capacity of the soil, the moisture has escaped from the large pores in the soil, so that the roots of the crop can breathe smoothly, and the water that can be absorbed by the crop is present in the small pores in the soil. This can be seen as optimal for growth.

The water retention calculation unit 130 may calculate the field water quantity based on preset field water quantity data corresponding to the physical properties of the cultivated soil.

The field capacity data may be a preset data set corresponding to the physical properties of the cultivated soil. To this end, information on the physical properties of soils in lots across the country may exist, and data on the amount of pavement capacity for each soil may exist. These data may be values determined by experiments. For example, the preset pavement capacity data for each soil may represent the pavement capacity of the soil for each region of Korea. In this case, when a specific geographic location is input, the water retention calculation unit 130 may determine the amount of water for pavement at the input location based on preset pavement quantity data for each soil.

The water retention calculation unit 130 may calculate the water retention amount based on the calculated amount of water for pavement, information on the state of pavement covering, and information on the amount of rainfall and irrigation. Specifically, the water retention calculation unit 130 calculates the water supply amount for the plantation based on the pavement covering state information and the rainfall and irrigation amount information, and when the pavement water quantity is greater than the calculated water supply amount, the water supply amount is the water retention amount , and when the amount of packaging water is smaller than the calculated water supply amount, the amount of packaging water can be calculated as the water retention amount. To this end, the water retention calculation unit 130 calculates the initial water supply to the plantation based on the rainfall and irrigation information, and based on the rainfall and irrigation amount information and the pavement covering state information, water that does not flow into the plantation The supply limit value may be calculated, and a value obtained by subtracting the water supply limit value from the initial water supply amount may be calculated as the water supply amount for the cultivated land. This is to take into account the moisture that does not flow into the plantation due to the pavement covering, and accordingly, the accuracy of determining the supply amount of moisture that is sequentially introduced into the plantation can be improved. In addition, since the field capacity is the maximum moisture retention of the soil, if the water supply is larger than the field capacity, the field capacity will be the moisture retention of the plantation. have.

The water usage calculation unit 120 may calculate the water usage amount based on the crop coefficient calculated by the crop coefficient calculation unit 110 , soil information of the cultivation area, and meteorological information of the cultivation area. The water usage calculation unit 120 may acquire soil information and weather information through at least one of a memory, a communication unit, and an input unit. The water usage calculator 120 may receive the crop count calculated from the crop count calculator 110 . To this end, the meteorological information of the plantation may include information on temperature, humidity, insolation, and wind speed. The soil information may include information about the state of the field cover of the cultivation area.

Referring to FIG. 2B , the water usage calculation unit 120 will be described. According to the embodiment of FIG. 2 (b), the water usage calculation unit 120 applies the Penman-montieth equation to the crop coefficient (Kcb) and the weather information to calculate the empirical divergence amount (ETo * Kcb) of the crop. have. To this end, the water usage calculation unit 120 may receive the basic crop coefficient Kcb of the crop from the crop coefficient calculation unit 110 . The water usage calculation unit 120 may calculate the potential evapotranspiration (ETo) by applying the weather information of the plantation to the Penman-montieth equation. The water usage calculation unit 120 may calculate the actual evapotranspiration amount of the crop by multiplying the potential evapotranspiration amount (ETo) by the basic crop coefficient (Kcb) of the crop. In addition, the water usage calculation unit 120 may calculate the evaporation amount of the cultivated land based on the pavement covering state information and weather information. The moisture usage calculator 120 may calculate a soil evaporation coefficient (Ke) based on the pavement covering state information. The pavement covering state information may include information on the material of pavement and the width and shape of the area covered on the plantation site. The moisture usage calculator 120 may calculate the soil evaporation coefficient Ke based on the preset soil evaporation coefficient Ke data in response to the pavement covering state information. To this end, the pavement covering state information may include the preset soil evaporation coefficient (Ke) dataset corresponding to the pavement covering state. For example, the soil evaporation coefficient (Ke) may be preset to zero in the case where the entire cultivation area is covered with vinyl in the condition of the pavement covering. In this case, the water usage calculation unit 120 may calculate the soil evaporation coefficient Ke as 0 when it is determined that the entire cultivation area is covered with vinyl based on the pavement covering state information. For example, the soil evaporation coefficient (Ke) in the case where half of the cultivation area is covered with a nonwoven fabric may be preset to 0.13. The soil evaporation coefficient (Ke) dataset preset corresponding to the pavement covering state may be determined by an experiment. The water usage calculation unit 120 may calculate the evaporation amount of the cultivated land by multiplying the potential evapotranspiration amount ETo by the soil evaporation coefficient Ke.

The water usage calculation unit 120 may calculate the water usage amount ETc by adding up the evapotranspiration amount of the crop and the evaporation amount of the cultivated land.

Hereinafter, the watering determination unit 140 will be described.

The irrigation determiner 140 may determine whether to irrigate based on the water requirement calculated based on the water retention amount calculated by the water retention calculation unit 130 and the water usage amount calculated by the water usage calculation unit 120 . To this end, the irrigation determination unit 140 may receive the water retention value calculated from the water retention calculation unit 130 , and receive the water usage amount calculated from the water usage calculation unit 120 .

The watering determination unit 140 may calculate the required amount of water by subtracting the amount of water used from the amount of water retained. The irrigation determiner 140 may calculate the irrigation timing and the irrigation amount based on the required amount of moisture.

When the calculated water requirement is positive water, the irrigation determiner 140 may determine the irrigation time as the present and determine the water requirement as the irrigation amount.

When the water requirement is a negative number, the watering determiner 140 may calculate a time point at which the water requirement becomes a positive number to determine the watering time point.

Hereinafter, a method for the irrigation determining unit 140 to determine the irrigation time will be described.

The water retention calculation unit 130 and the water usage calculation unit 120 may acquire weather forecast information through any one of a communication unit, an input unit, and a memory. For example, the water retention calculation unit 130 and the water usage calculation unit 120 may obtain weather forecast information provided by the Meteorological Administration server through the communication unit. Weather forecast information refers to various information on future weather conditions, such as future precipitation, temperature, humidity, and wind speed.

The water retention calculation unit 130 obtains weather forecast information. The water retention calculation unit 130 may calculate an expected water retention amount for each period based on weather forecast information and soil information. Specifically, the water retention calculation unit 130 compares the net supply amount for each period calculated based on the weather forecast information and information on the field cover of the plantation area and the field water quantity calculated based on the soil information to predict the soil for each time period. Water retention can be calculated. The water retention calculation unit 130 may transmit the calculated expected water retention amount to the irrigation determination unit 140 .

The water usage calculation unit 120 may obtain weather forecast information, and calculate the expected water usage for each period based on the weather forecast information, crop coefficients, and soil information. The water usage calculation unit 120 may calculate the expected potential evapotranspiration (ETo) for each period, based on weather forecast information. The water usage calculation unit 120 may calculate the expected water usage for each season based on the expected potential evapotranspiration (ETo) for each season and the expected crop coefficient (Kc) for each time. The water usage calculation unit 120 may transmit the calculated expected water usage for each period to the irrigation determination unit 140 .

The irrigation determiner 140 may calculate a time point at which the required amount of water becomes positive water as the irrigation time based on the expected water retention amount for each season and the expected water usage for each time period.

The irrigation determiner 140 may transmit the calculated irrigation amount and irrigation time to the irrigation performing unit 150 or may directly control the irrigation performing unit 150 to perform irrigation.

4 is a view for explaining a method for determining watering according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The method for determining watering according to an embodiment of the present invention may include calculating steps 11S, 12S, and 13S and determining steps 14S and 15S. The calculation step is a step of calculating various types of information necessary for determining whether to irrigate, and the determining step is a step of determining whether to irrigate based on the information calculated in the calculation step.

The method for determining watering according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include an obtaining step (10S) of obtaining information necessary for each calculation before the calculating step. In the obtaining step 10S, each module included in the watering determination apparatus 100 may obtain various information necessary for calculation and determination through at least one of a communication unit, an input unit, and a memory.

In the calculation step, the crop coefficient calculation unit 110 calculates the crop coefficient of the crop based on the information on the crop and the temperature information of the cultivation area (11S), and the water retention calculation unit 130 performs the soil information and The water retention amount is calculated based on the water supply information (13S), and the water usage calculation unit 120 can calculate the water usage based on the crop coefficient, the soil information, and the meteorological information of the plantation area (12S). Hereinafter, each step included in the calculation step will be described.

11S among the calculation steps of FIG. 4 will be described.

The information on the crop includes information on the planting date of the crop, the intrinsic basic temperature for growth, the growth stage corresponding to the growth day, and the crop coefficient for each growth stage, in the calculation step (11S), The crop coefficient calculation unit 110 calculates the growth degree of the crop based on the information on the planting date and the inherent basic temperature for growth of the crop and the temperature information of the plantation area, and the growth degree of the crop The growth stage of the crop is determined based on the information on the growth stage corresponding to the day and the calculated growth date, and information on the crop coefficient for each growth stage of the crop and the determined growth stage. The crop coefficient of a crop can be calculated. The temperature information of the plantation includes temperature information by time of the plantation, and in the calculation step 11S, the crop coefficient calculating unit 110 when calculating the growth day of the crop is, Based on the information and the temperature information for each time period, a difference value between the temperature and the base temperature for each time period may be calculated, and a daily average value of the calculated difference value for each time period may be calculated as the growth day of the crop.

13S among the calculation steps of FIG. 4 will be described.

The soil information of the plantation includes information on the physical properties of the cultivated soil and the state of pavement covering, the water supply information includes information on the amount of rainfall and irrigation for the plantation, and in the calculation step 13S, moisture The holding amount calculation unit 130 calculates the field capacity of the cultivated soil based on the physical property information of the cultivated soil, and based on the field capacity, the field covering state information, and the rainfall and irrigation amount information, the Water retention can be calculated. In the calculation step (13S), the water retention calculation unit 130, based on the field quantity data set in response to the physical properties of the cultivated soil, calculates the pavement quantity, and the pavement covering state information and the rainfall and pipe Calculating the water supply for the plantation based on the quantity information, and calculating the water supply for packaging as the water retention amount, when the amount of water for packaging is greater than the calculated amount of water supply, and calculating the amount of water for packaging as the water retention amount is smaller than the calculated water supply In this case, the packaging capacity may be calculated as the water retention amount.

12S among the calculation steps of FIG. 4 will be described.

The meteorological information of the plantation includes information on temperature, humidity, insolation, and wind speed, the soil information includes information on the state of pavement covering of the plantation, and in the calculation step 12S, calculating the amount of water used The unit 120 calculates the empirical divergence amount of the crop by applying the Penman-montieth equation to the crop coefficient and the weather information, and calculates the evaporation amount of the plantation based on the field covering state information and the weather information, The water usage may be calculated by adding up the evapotranspiration amount of the crop and the evapotranspiration amount of the cultivation area. In the calculation step 12S, the water usage calculation unit 120 applies the weather information of the plantation to the Penman-montieth equation to calculate the potential evapotranspiration (ETo), and to the potential evapotranspiration (ETo), the basic of the crop Calculate the actual evapotranspiration of the crop by multiplying the crop coefficient (Kcb), calculate the soil evaporation coefficient (Ke) based on the field coverage information, and multiply the potential evapotranspiration (ETo) with the soil evaporation coefficient ( Ke) can be multiplied to calculate the evaporation amount of the cultivated land. The pavement covering state information includes information on the material of the pavement and the area and shape of the covered area on the plantation, and in the calculation step 12S, the water usage calculation unit 120, the pavement covering state information If the soil evaporation coefficient (Ke) is calculated based on the soil evaporation coefficient (Ke) data preset in response to The evaporation coefficient (Ke) can be calculated as 0.

The determination step 14S of FIG. 4 will be described.

In the determining step 14S, the irrigation determiner 140 may calculate the required water amount by subtracting the water usage amount from the water retention amount. In the determining step (14S), the water retention calculation unit 130 obtains weather forecast information, calculates an expected water retention for each period based on the weather forecast information and the soil information, and the water usage calculation unit 120, obtains the weather forecast information, calculates the expected moisture usage for each season based on the weather forecast information, the crop coefficient and the soil information, and the irrigation determiner 140, the expected moisture for each period Based on the holding amount and the expected water usage for each period, the estimated water requirement for each period may be calculated.

The determination step 15S of FIG. 4 will be described.

In the determining step 15S, the irrigation determiner 140 may calculate an irrigation timing and an irrigation amount based on the moisture requirement. In the determining step 15S, when the water requirement is a positive number, the watering determination unit 140 determines the time of irrigation as the present, determines the water requirement as the watering amount, and determines that the water requirement is a negative number. In this case, the time point at which the water requirement becomes positive water may be calculated and determined as the watering time point. In the determining step 15S, the irrigation determiner 140 may determine an expected irrigation time and an expected irrigation amount based on the expected moisture requirement for each period.

After the determining step (15S), the irrigation determining unit 140 transmits information on the irrigation time and the irrigation amount to the irrigation performing unit 150 so that irrigation can be performed based on the determined irrigation time and amount of irrigation, The irrigation performing unit 150 may be controlled.

The present invention described above can be implemented as computer-readable codes on a medium in which a program is recorded. The computer-readable medium includes all types of recording devices in which data readable by a computer system is stored. Examples of computer-readable media include Hard Disk Drive (HDD), Solid State Disk (SSD), Silicon Disk Drive (SDD), ROM, RAM, CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, optical data storage device, etc. There is also a carrier wave (eg, transmission over the Internet) that is implemented in the form of. In addition, the computer may include a processor or a control unit. Accordingly, the above detailed description should not be construed as restrictive in all respects but as exemplary. The scope of the present invention should be determined by a reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all modifications within the equivalent scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, various modifications and variations are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that the appended claims cover such modifications and variations as long as they fall within the gist of the present invention.

100: watering determination device
110: crop counting unit
120: water usage calculation unit
130: water retention calculation unit
140: watering decision unit
150: irrigation execution unit

Claims (23)

a crop coefficient calculator configured to calculate a crop coefficient of the crop based on the information on the crop and the temperature information of the cultivation area;
a water retention calculation unit for calculating a water retention amount based on the soil information and water supply information of the plantation;
a water usage calculator configured to calculate the water usage based on the crop coefficient, the soil information, and the meteorological information of the plantation; and
and an irrigation determining unit configured to determine whether to irrigate based on the moisture retention amount and the moisture requirement calculated based on the moisture usage amount.
According to claim 1,
Information about the crop,
Includes information on the planting date of the crop, the intrinsic basic temperature for growth, the growth stage corresponding to the growth day, and the crop coefficient for each growth stage,
The crop count calculation unit,
Calculating the growth day of the crop based on the information on the planting date and the intrinsic basic temperature for growth of the crop and the temperature information of the plantation area,
determining the growth stage of the crop based on the information on the growth stage corresponding to the growth date of the crop and the calculated growth date;
An irrigation determination device for calculating the crop coefficient of the crop based on the determined growth stage and information on the crop coefficient for each growth stage of the crop.
3. The method of claim 2,
The crop count is
Irrigation determination device, which is the basal crop coefficient (Kcb) applied to the Penman-Monteith equation.
3. The method of claim 2,
The temperature information of the plantation includes temperature information for each time zone of the plantation,
The crop count calculation unit,
When calculating the growth date of the crop,
Based on the information on the intrinsic basic temperature for growth and the temperature information for each time period, a difference value between the temperature and the basic temperature for each time period is calculated, and the daily average value of the calculated difference value for each time period is the growth day of the crop Watering determination device that calculates with
According to claim 1,
The soil information of the plantation includes information about the physical properties of the plantation soil and the state of pavement covering,
The water supply information includes rainfall amount and irrigation amount information for the plantation,
The water retention calculation unit,
Calculating the amount of water for packaging of the cultivated soil based on the physical property information of the cultivated soil,
An irrigation determination device for calculating the water retention amount based on the pavement water quantity, the pavement covering state information, and the rainfall and irrigation quantity information.
6. The method of claim 5,
The water retention calculation unit,
Calculating the field quantity based on preset field quantity data corresponding to the physical properties of the cultivated soil,
Calculating the water supply amount for the plantation based on the pavement covering state information and the rainfall and irrigation amount information,
When the amount of water for packaging is greater than the calculated water supply, the water supply is calculated as the water retention,
An irrigation determination device for calculating the amount of water for packaging as the water retention when the amount of water for packaging is smaller than the calculated amount of water supplied.
According to claim 1,
The meteorological information of the plantation includes information about temperature, humidity, insolation, and wind speed,
The soil information includes information about the state of pavement coverage of the plantation,
The water usage calculation unit,
Calculate the empirical divergence of the crop by applying the Penman-montieth equation to the crop coefficient and the weather information,
Calculating the evaporation amount of the cultivated land based on the pavement covering state information and the weather information,
An irrigation determination device for calculating the amount of water used by adding up the evapotranspiration amount of the crop and the evapotranspiration amount of the cultivated land.
8. The method of claim 7,
The water usage calculation unit,
By applying the weather information of the plantation to the Penman-montieth equation, the potential evapotranspiration (ETo) is calculated,
Multiplying the potential evapotranspiration amount (ETo) by the basic crop coefficient (Kcb) of the crop to calculate the actual evapotranspiration amount of the crop,
Calculating a soil evaporation coefficient (Ke) based on the pavement covering state information,
An irrigation determination device for calculating the evaporation amount of the cultivated land by multiplying the potential evapotranspiration amount (ETo) by the soil evaporation coefficient (Ke).
9. The method of claim 8,
The pavement covering state information includes information about the material of the pavement and the area and shape of the area covered on the plantation,
The water usage calculation unit,
Calculating the soil evaporation coefficient (Ke) based on the preset soil evaporation coefficient (Ke) data in response to the pavement covering state information,
When it is determined that the entire cultivated land is covered with vinyl based on the field covering state information, the irrigation determining device calculates the soil evaporation coefficient (Ke) as 0.
According to claim 1,
The watering decision unit,
Calculate the water requirement by subtracting the water usage amount from the water retention amount,
An irrigation determination device for calculating an irrigation timing and an irrigation amount based on the moisture requirement.
11. The method of claim 10,
The watering decision unit,
When the water requirement is positive, the watering time is determined as the present, and the water requirement is determined as the watering amount,
When the water requirement is a negative number, an irrigation determination device for determining a time point at which the water requirement becomes a positive number as the watering time point.
12. The method of claim 11,
The water retention calculation unit,
obtaining weather forecast information, and calculating an expected water retention amount for each period based on the weather forecast information and the soil information,
The water usage calculation unit,
obtaining the weather forecast information, calculating the expected water usage for each period based on the weather forecast information, the crop coefficient, and the soil information;
The watering decision unit,
An irrigation determination device for calculating a point in time when the water requirement becomes positive water based on the expected water retention amount for each time period and the expected water usage amount for each time period.
The crop coefficient calculation unit calculates the crop coefficient of the crop based on the information about the crop and the temperature information of the plantation,
The water retention calculation unit calculates the water retention amount based on the soil information and the water supply amount information of the plantation,
a calculation step of calculating, by the water usage calculation unit, the water usage amount based on the crop coefficient, the soil information, and the meteorological information of the plantation; and
and determining, by the irrigation determining unit, whether to irrigate based on the water retention amount and the water requirement calculated based on the water usage amount.
14. The method of claim 13,
Information about the crop,
Includes information on the planting date of the crop, the intrinsic basic temperature for growth, the growth stage corresponding to the growth day, and the crop coefficient for each growth stage,
In the calculation step,
The crop count calculation unit,
Calculating the growth day of the crop based on the information on the planting date and the intrinsic basic temperature for growth of the crop and the temperature information of the plantation area,
determining the growth stage of the crop based on the information on the growth stage corresponding to the growth date of the crop and the calculated growth date;
An irrigation determination method for calculating the crop coefficient of the crop based on the determined growth stage and information on the crop coefficient for each growth stage of the crop.
15. The method of claim 14,
The temperature information of the plantation includes temperature information for each time zone of the plantation,
In the calculation step,
The crop count calculation unit,
When calculating the growth date of the crop,
Based on the information on the intrinsic basic temperature for growth and the temperature information for each time period, a difference value between the temperature and the basic temperature for each time period is calculated, and the daily average value of the calculated difference value for each time period is the growth day of the crop irrigation determination method calculated by
14. The method of claim 13,
The soil information of the plantation includes information about the physical properties of the plantation soil and the state of pavement covering,
The water supply information includes rainfall amount and irrigation amount information for the plantation,
In the calculation step,
The water retention calculation unit,
Calculating the amount of water for packaging of the cultivated soil based on the physical property information of the cultivated soil,
An irrigation determination method for calculating the water retention amount based on the pavement water quantity, the pavement covering state information, and the rainfall and irrigation quantity information.
17. The method of claim 16,
In the calculation step,
The water retention calculation unit,
Calculating the field quantity based on preset field quantity data corresponding to the physical properties of the cultivated soil,
Calculating the water supply amount for the plantation based on the pavement covering state information and the rainfall and irrigation amount information,
When the amount of water for packaging is greater than the calculated water supply, the water supply is calculated as the water retention,
When the amount of water for packaging is smaller than the calculated amount of water supply, the method of determining watering for calculating the amount of water for packaging as the water retention amount.
14. The method of claim 13,
The meteorological information of the plantation includes information about temperature, humidity, insolation, and wind speed,
The soil information includes information about the state of pavement coverage of the plantation,
In the calculation step,
The water usage calculation unit,
Calculate the empirical divergence of the crop by applying the Penman-montieth equation to the crop coefficient and the weather information,
Calculating the evaporation amount of the cultivated land based on the pavement covering state information and the weather information,
An irrigation determination method for calculating the amount of water used by adding up the evapotranspiration amount of the crop and the evapotranspiration amount of the cultivation area.

19. The method of claim 18,
In the calculation step,
The water usage calculation unit,
By applying the weather information of the plantation to the Penman-montieth equation, the potential evapotranspiration (ETo) is calculated,
Multiplying the potential evapotranspiration amount (ETo) by the basic crop coefficient (Kcb) of the crop to calculate the actual evapotranspiration amount of the crop,
Calculating a soil evaporation coefficient (Ke) based on the pavement covering state information,
The irrigation determination method for calculating the evaporation amount of the plantation by multiplying the potential evapotranspiration amount (ETo) by the soil evaporation coefficient (Ke).
20. The method of claim 19,
The pavement covering state information includes information about the material of the pavement and the area and shape of the area covered on the plantation,
In the calculation step,
The water usage calculation unit,
Calculating the soil evaporation coefficient (Ke) based on the preset soil evaporation coefficient (Ke) data in response to the pavement covering state information,
When it is determined that the entire cultivated land is covered with vinyl based on the field covering state information, the irrigation determination method for calculating the soil evaporation coefficient (Ke) as 0.
14. The method of claim 13,
In the determining step,
The watering decision unit,
Calculate the water requirement by subtracting the water usage amount from the water retention amount,
An irrigation determination method for calculating an irrigation timing and an irrigation amount based on the moisture requirement.
22. The method of claim 21,
In the determining step,
The watering decision unit,
When the water requirement is positive, the watering time is determined as the present, and the water requirement is determined as the watering amount,
When the water requirement is a negative number, a time point at which the water requirement becomes a positive number is calculated and determined as the watering time point.
23. The method of claim 22,
In the determining step,
The water retention calculation unit,
obtaining weather forecast information, and calculating an expected water retention amount for each period based on the weather forecast information and the soil information,
The water usage calculation unit,
obtaining the weather forecast information, calculating the expected water usage for each period based on the weather forecast information, the crop coefficient, and the soil information;
The watering decision unit,
An irrigation determination method for calculating a time point when the water requirement becomes positive water based on the expected water retention amount for each time period and the expected water usage amount for each time period.

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