KR20210151601A - Millimeter wave transceiver with asymmetric switch - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a millimeter-wave transmitting and receiving end using an asymmetric switch, which uses an asymmetric switch at the millimeter-wave transmitting and receiving end, in which single antennas are used in the transmitting end and the receiving end, respectively, to enable transmission of high-output signals while minimizing a transmission signal loss, minimizes a noise index generated in a received signal, and prevents performance degradation of the receiving end due to a transmission leakage signal. According to the present invention, the millimeter-wave transmitting and receiving end using an asymmetric switch comprises a low noise amplifier (LNA), a receiving end impedance converter, a receiving end serial switch, a receiving end parallel switch, a transmitting end impedance converter, and a power amplifier (PA). In addition, the receiving end serial switch is disposed between the single antenna and a receiving end port to selectively transmit a signal received from the single antenna to the receiving end. At this time, the impedance is configured such that the impedance between the single antenna and the receiving end or the impedance between the single antenna and the transmitting end is matched since the serial switch of the receiving end is turned on/off.

Description

Millimeter wave transceiver with asymmetric switch

The present invention relates to a millimeter wave transceiver using an asymmetric switch, and more particularly, by using an asymmetric switch in the millimeter wave transceiving end using a single antenna at the transmitting end and receiving end, it is possible to transmit a high output signal while minimizing the loss of the transmit signal. The present invention relates to a millimeter wave transceiver using an asymmetric switch, which minimizes the noise figure generated in the received signal, and can prevent the performance degradation of the receiving end due to the transmission leakage signal.

In general, miniaturization of antennas and increase in data transmission amount require the development of electromagnetic wave application systems in millimeter wave bands of several tens of GHz or more to expand the already limited frequency resources and services provided, and applications such as 5G or IoT that are being commercialized recently. You can clearly see this direction in the system.

In addition, the improvement of the operating frequency enables the miniaturization of the system, but at the same time, there is a limitation in the power that can be transmitted from a single device, and also, the serviceable distance is limited due to the increase in the attenuation characteristic in the air due to the wavelength.

Research and development is in progress for such a constraint as a technology for structuring an array of ultra-small transceivers, such as MIMO (Multi Input Multi Output) or a beam forming technology using a phased array. That is, an electromagnetic wave application system is constructed using a larger number of transmitting and receiving ends than in the prior art.

However, since these systems are also affected by electromagnetic wave transmission and reception characteristics, they are limited by the antenna characteristics whose physical size is determined by the operating frequency. In particular, as a transmitter and a receiver are used, individual antennas must be provided for this purpose, which causes a limiting factor such as a system size constraint.

Therefore, in order to overcome this physical size limitation, a technique for enabling transmission and reception by a transmitting end and a receiving end using a single antenna is proposed. That is, there is provided a technique for reducing the use of an antenna in half by using a structure in which the transmitter and the receiver are not used at the same time, or a structure capable of distinguishing them in the time domain or the frequency domain even when they are used simultaneously.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1704688 (published on February 10, 2017)

Accordingly, the technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is to solve the disadvantages of the prior art, and the purpose is to implement an optimized design of the transmitting and receiving end through the asymmetric switch structure in the millimeter wave front end. Another object of the present invention is to overcome the limit of saturation power due to the characteristics of the switch transistor at the transmitting end and to prevent deterioration of high-output transmission due to the use of an active element. In addition, there is an object to minimize the use of a device for complex impedance matching in order to reduce the insertion loss.

Another object of the present invention is to reduce the input of a control signal for controlling the millimeter wave transceiver terminal in order to reduce the design complexity of the circuit. In addition, the purpose is to realize the line characteristics of the receiving end optimized for the noise figure. In addition, the purpose is to extract and offset the leakage signal leaked from the transmitting end to the receiving end in order to prevent the DC offset generation at the receiving end or deterioration of the characteristics due to the saturation of the received signal.

A millimeter wave transceiver using an asymmetric switch according to an aspect of the present invention for achieving this technical problem includes a low noise amplifier (LNA), a receiving end impedance conversion unit, a receiving end serial switch, a receiving end parallel switch, a transmitting end impedance converting unit and It may include a power amplifier (PA).

The low-noise amplifier (LNA) is connected to the receiving end port to reduce a noise figure (NF) generated in the received signal, and amplifies a signal input from a single antenna. In addition, the power amplifier (PA) is connected to the transmitting end port, amplifies the transmit signal input from the transmitting end and transmits it to a single antenna.

In addition, the receiving end impedance converter is disposed between the receiving end port and the single antenna to set the impedance between the single antenna and the receiving end. In addition, the transmitting end impedance converter is disposed between the single antenna and the transmitting end to set the impedance between the single antenna and the transmitting end.

In addition, the receiving end serial switch is disposed between the single antenna and the receiving end port to selectively transmit a signal received from the single antenna to the receiving end. In this case, the impedance is configured such that the impedance between the single antenna and the receiving end or the impedance between the single antenna and the transmitting end is matched according to the on/off of the serial switch of the receiving end.

In addition, the receiving end parallel switch selectively connects the receiving end impedance converter to the ground (GND) in order to implement impedance matching characteristics between the transmitting end and the receiving end according to the transmit mode and the receiving mode.

In addition, the SIC (Self-Interference Cancelator) circuit according to another aspect of the present invention is a Signal Combining Circuit (SCC) module, a receiving end PD (Power detect), a transmitting end PD (Power detect), combining PD, a phase difference detection module and SIC signal generation It can contain modules.

The SCC module receives the received signal of the receiving end and the transmit signal of the transmitting end, and outputs a combining signal generated according to the size of the combined signal of the two signals. In addition, the receiving end PD detects the received signal of the receiving end, the transmitting end PD detects the transmit signal of the transmitting end, and the combined PD detects the combined signal output from the SCC module.

In addition, the phase difference detection module may extract an amplitude difference and a phase difference between the received signal of the receiving end and the transmitted signal of the transmitting end using the signals detected by the receiving end PD, the transmitting end PD, and the combined PD. In addition, the SIC signal generation module generates an offset signal for canceling the leakage signal generated at the receiving end under the influence of the transmit signal based on the amplitude difference and the phase difference between the two signals detected by the phase difference detection module, and supplies it to the receiving end. .

In addition, the millimeter wave transceiver using an asymmetric switch according to another aspect of the present invention includes a low noise amplifier (LNA), a receiving end impedance conversion unit, a receiving end serial switch, a receiving end parallel switch, a transmitting end impedance converting unit, and a power amplifier ( PA, Power Amplifier) and SIC.

The low-noise amplifier (LNA) is connected to the receiving end port to reduce a noise figure (NF) generated in the received signal, and amplifies a signal input from a single antenna. In addition, the power amplifier (PA) is connected to the transmitting end port, amplifies the transmit signal input from the transmitting end and transmits it to a single antenna.

In addition, the receiving end impedance converter is disposed between the receiving end port and the single antenna to set the impedance between the single antenna and the receiving end. In addition, the transmitting end impedance converter is disposed between the single antenna and the transmitting end to set the impedance between the single antenna and the transmitting end.

In addition, the receiving end serial switch is disposed between the single antenna and the receiving end port to selectively transmit a signal received from the single antenna to the receiving end. In this case, the impedance is configured such that the impedance between the single antenna and the receiving end or the impedance between the single antenna and the transmitting end is matched according to the on/off of the serial switch of the receiving end.

In addition, the receiving end parallel switch selectively connects the receiving end impedance converter to the ground (GND) in order to implement impedance matching characteristics between the transmitting end and the receiving end according to the transmit mode and the receiving mode. In addition, the SIC unit generates an offset signal corresponding to the leakage signal and supplies it to the receiving end in order to remove the leakage signal generated at the receiving end due to the influence of the transmitting signal of the transmitting end.

As described above, in the millimeter wave transceiver using an asymmetric switch according to the present invention, an optimized design of the transceiver can be implemented by using the asymmetric switch structure in the millimeter wave front end. In addition, by configuring the transmitting end without using an active element on the transmitting end path, there is an effect that can prevent deterioration due to the characteristics of the active element at high output power output. In addition, there is an effect of reducing the insertion loss by minimizing the use of a device used for complex impedance matching.

In addition, there is an advantage in that it is possible to reduce the design complexity of the circuit by reducing the input of the control signal for controlling the millimeter wave transceiver terminal. In addition, there is an effect that the noise figure optimization design can be implemented by using the impedance of the shunt switch in the off state at the receiving end. In addition, by extracting and offsetting the leakage signal leaking from the transmitting end to the receiving end based on power, there is an effect that can prevent deterioration of characteristics due to DC offset generation.

1 is a block diagram illustrating a millimeter wave transceiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a circuit diagram of a millimeter wave transceiver terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a diagram illustrating a transmission mode of a millimeter wave transceiver terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a diagram illustrating a reception mode of a millimeter wave transceiver terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a block diagram illustrating a millimeter wave transceiver according to another embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a circuit diagram of a millimeter wave transceiver terminal according to another embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a circuit diagram of a Self-Interference Cancelator (SIC) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a signal combining circuit (SCC) circuit diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a block diagram showing a power coupling device.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains can easily implement them. However, the present invention may be implemented in several different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. And in order to clearly explain the present invention in the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted, and similar reference numerals are attached to similar parts throughout the specification.

Throughout the specification, when a part "includes" a certain element, it means that other elements may be further included, rather than excluding other elements, unless otherwise stated. In addition, terms such as “…unit”, “…group”, and “…module” described in the specification mean a unit that processes at least one function or operation, which is implemented by hardware or software or a combination of hardware and software. can be

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by describing preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Like reference numerals in each figure indicate like elements.

1 is a block diagram illustrating a millimeter wave transceiver terminal 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the millimeter wave transceiver terminal 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In general, a technique for sharing a transmitting end and a receiving end using a single antenna 1 (not shown) is possible with a method of distinguishing in a time domain and a method of distinguishing in a frequency domain from a case in which simultaneous transmission and reception occur. Among these techniques, a technique commonly used in a recent application system is a time division duplex (TDD) method for distinguishing in the time domain.

The transceiver terminal for this purpose connects the transmission line and the reception line as necessary through switch operation control. That is, when a high-speed switch is turned ON/OFF and connected to the transmission line, it is configured in the transmission mode, and the reception line and the antenna are not connected at this time. In addition, when connected to a receiving line, the transmission line is not connected to the antenna by configuring the receiving mode.

A general switch used for this purpose is called a Single Pole Double Throw (SPDT) switch, an antenna is placed in a portion corresponding to a single, and a transmitter and a receiver are respectively connected to the double throw.

In general, in the SPDT, the transmitting end and the receiving end are symmetrical to each other so that the transmitting end and the receiving end have the same configuration. At this time, both the transmitting end and the receiving end lines are designed to reduce the insertion loss that occurs when each line is connected, and when each line is connected, the isolation characteristic to prevent signal leakage to other lines is increased. it is preferable

However, the characteristics required by the transmitting end and the receiving end are different. In particular, since the transmitter needs to transmit a high-output signal, a high saturated power characteristic is required for this purpose, and the signal leakage to the receiver due to the high output signal has a relatively large magnitude.

In addition, in both lines, it is necessary to minimize the use of elements used to reduce insertion loss. The impedance matching required at the transmitting end is to convert the low impedance of the output end element into the antenna reference impedance, and the receiving end has a low impedance even if there is a loss in impedance matching. It is desirable to perform complex matching with an impedance having a noise figure characteristic.

That is, it is impossible to implement an optimized design suitable for each characteristic of a transmitter and a receiver with a symmetrical SPDT, and the optimization design direction varies depending on the connection state and circuit of the transmitter and receiver.

Therefore, the millimeter wave transceiver terminal 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention proposes a structure having optimization characteristics based on a switch having an asymmetric characteristic instead of an SPDT having symmetry in the front end structure using such a single antenna 1 do.

The millimeter wave transceiver terminal 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a low noise amplifier (LNA) 100, a reception terminal impedance converter 200, a reception terminal serial switch 300, and a reception terminal parallel switch 400. , a transmitter impedance converter 500 and a power amplifier (PA, Power Amplifier) 600 .

The low noise amplifier (LNA) 100 is connected to the receiving end port 11 to reduce a noise figure (NF) generated in the received signal, and amplifies the signal input from the single antenna 1 . In addition, the power amplifier (PA) 600 is connected to the transmitting end port 13, amplifies the transmit signal input from the transmitting end and transmits it to the single antenna (1).

In this case, the power amplifier (PA) 600 has a structure capable of on/off control in order to amplify the transmission signal of the transmitting end and selectively transmit it to the antenna.

In addition, the receiving end impedance converter 200 is disposed between the receiving end port 11 and the single antenna 1 to set the impedance between the single antenna 1 and the receiving end. In addition, the transmitting end impedance converting unit 500 is disposed between the single antenna 1 and the transmitting end to set the impedance between the single antenna 1 and the transmitting end.

In addition, the receiving end serial switch 300 is disposed between the single antenna 1 and the receiving end port 11 to selectively transmit a signal received from the single antenna 1 to the receiving end.

Therefore, the millimeter wave transceiver terminal 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention uses the receiving end serial switch 300 and the on/off controllable power amplifier (PA) 600 provided at the receiving end. Each of the transmitting end and the receiving end may be selectively connected to a single antenna 1 .

At this time, the millimeter wave transceiver terminal 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention matches the impedance between the single antenna 1 and the reception terminal through a switch operation (On/Off) of the serial switch 300 at the reception terminal. ) or impedance matching between the single antenna 1 and the transmitting end is configured to be implemented. This is described in detail as follows.

3 is a diagram illustrating a transmission mode of the millimeter wave transceiver terminal 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a reception mode of the millimeter wave transceiver terminal 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3, in the transmission mode in which the transmission signal of the transmitting end is output through the single antenna 1, the power amplifier (PA) 600 of the transmitting end is turned on (ON), so that the output voltage of the power amplifier (PA) 600 is single It is output through the antenna (1).

At this time, in order to improve the separation characteristic for preventing the transmission signal transmitting high power from leaking to the receiving end, when the transmitting end is connected, the impedance seen in the direction of the receiving line is set to an open state. That is, by turning off the serial switch 300 at the receiving end, the transmit signal is not transmitted to the receiving end.

In addition, in the transmission mode, impedance matching of the transmitting end using the impedance of the receiving end impedance block 15 formed when the receiving end serial switch 300 is turned off and the impedance of the transmitting end impedance converting unit 500 as shown in FIG. 3 is used in the transmit mode. ) is implemented.

That is, in the transmission mode in which the receiving end serial switch 300 is turned off, impedance matching of the transmitting end is implemented using the impedance seen in the direction of the receiving line and the preset impedance of the transmitting end impedance converting unit 500 .

Here, the receiving end impedance block 15 may include a low noise amplifier (LNA) 100 , a receiving end impedance converter 200 , a receiving end serial switch 300 , and a receiving end parallel switch 400 .

In addition, the receiving end impedance block 15 may implement more accurate impedance matching characteristics by using the receiving end parallel switch 400 . That is, in the transmitting mode, the receiving end parallel switch 400 is turned on to connect the receiving end impedance converting unit 200 to the ground (GND) 14 .

In addition, by connecting the receiving end impedance converter 200 to the ground (GND) 14 through the receiving end parallel switch 400, it is possible to additionally remove the leakage signal generated at the receiving end. In addition, in order to prevent the problem of the saturation characteristic that it is difficult to increase the saturation power due to the characteristics of the switch transistor, the transmission terminal is configured by using only passive elements without a separate active element in the transmission terminal line.

In the receiving end parallel switch 400 , a shunt switch may be used to reduce the use of devices for optimizing the noise figure of the receiving end. In addition, the millimeter wave transceiver terminal 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is designed to minimize loss due to a transmission line in which the transmitting end and the receiving end are connected in an ON state, respectively, in order to reduce insertion loss.

In addition, in the reception mode in which the signal received from the single antenna 1 is transmitted to the receiving end as shown in FIG. 4 , the receiving end serial switch 300 is turned on, and the signal received from the single antenna 1 is transmitted to the receiving end.

At this time, when the reception line is connected, the power amplifier (PA) 600 is in an OFF state, and the impedance seen in the output direction of the transmission terminal is opened to minimize the influence on the reception line connection characteristic.

In addition, in the receiving mode, the impedance of the receiving end is matched using the impedance of the transmitting end impedance block 16 formed by turning on the receiving end serial switch 300 and the impedance of the receiving end impedance converting unit 200 as shown in FIG. 4 in the receive mode. ) is implemented.

That is, in the reception mode in which the serial switch 300 of the reception terminal is turned on, impedance matching of the reception terminal is implemented using the impedance seen in the output direction of the transmission terminal and the impedance of the reception terminal impedance converter 200 set in advance.

Here, the transmitting end impedance block 16 may include a transmitting end impedance converting unit 500 and a power amplifier (PA) 600 .

In addition, in the receiving mode, the receiving end parallel switch 400 of the receiving end is turned OFF, and the COFF//ROFF characteristic of the shunt switch is utilized for noise figure optimization impedance matching, thereby reducing the use of devices for this purpose and noise figure due to insertion loss. deterioration can be prevented.

As described above, in the millimeter wave transceiver 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, impedance matching is implemented by determining the impedance of the transmitting end and the receiving end according to the switch operation (ON/OFF) of the serial switch 300 at the receiving end.

In addition, the millimeter wave transceiver terminal 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention has the effect of enabling high power transmission and low insertion loss required for transmission line characteristics, and noise figure optimization impedance matching required for reception line characteristics.

In addition, it is possible to secure the separation characteristic of preventing the transmission signal transmitting high power from leaking to the receiving end without a separate element or additional circuit. In addition, it is possible to lower the complexity of the front end for the control by reducing the configuration of the control signal used for control than the conventional SPDT switch.

In addition, since it is possible to obtain high output characteristics without using a transistor element that has to turn on/off a high output signal, it can be applied to a semiconductor process having a lower output characteristic in order to secure the output characteristic.

5 is a block diagram illustrating the millimeter wave transceiver terminal 20 according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the millimeter wave transceiver terminal 20 according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The millimeter wave transceiver terminal 20 according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a low noise amplifier (LNA) 100 , a receiving end impedance converter 200 , a receiving end serial switch 300 , and a receiving end parallel switch 400 . , a transmitter impedance converter 500 , a power amplifier (PA) 600 , and an SIC unit 700 .

In this case, the low noise amplifier (LNA, Low Noise Amplifier) 100 , the receiving end impedance converting unit 200 , the receiving end serial switch 300 , the receiving end parallel switch 400 , and the transmitting end impedance converting unit 500 are as described above.

In addition, the SIC unit 700 according to an embodiment of the present invention may generate an offset signal corresponding to the leakage signal to remove the leakage signal generated at the receiving end under the influence of the transmit signal and supply it to the receiving end.

7 is a circuit diagram of a Self-Interference Canceler (SIC) according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a Signal Combining Circuit (SCC) according to an embodiment of the present invention.

7, the SIC unit 700 includes a Signal Combining Circuit (SCC) module 710, a receiving end PD (Power detect) 720, a transmitting end PD (Power detect) 730, and a combined PD (Power detect) 740. , a phase difference detection module 750 and an SIC signal generation module 760 may be included.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 , the SCC (Signal Combining Circuit) module 710 receives the received signal of the receiving end and the transmit signal of the transmitting end, and the two signals are combined according to the size of the combined signal. Combining signal to output

In addition, the receiving end PD (Power detect) 720 detects the received signal of the receiving end (Detect). In addition, the transmitting end PD (Power detect) 730 detects the transmit signal of the transmitting end. In addition, the combined PD 740 detects a combined signal output from the Signal Combining Circuit (SCC) module 710 .

At this time, the receiving end PD 720, the transmitting end PD 730, and the combined PD 740 convert the detected vector signal into a scalar signal having an absolute value. In addition, the phase difference detection module 750 uses the signals detected by the receiving end PD 720, the transmitting end PD 730, and the combined PD 740 to detect the amplitude difference and the phase difference between the receiving signal of the receiving end and the transmitting signal of the transmitting end. can be extracted.

In addition, the SIC signal generating module 760 generates an offset signal for canceling the leakage current of the receiving end using the amplitude difference and the phase difference between the two signals detected by the phase difference detection module 750 and supplies it to the receiving end.

Here, the phase difference detection module 750 may extract the phase difference and the amplitude difference between the two signals only by detecting the power of the receiving end and the transmitting end. This will be described in more detail as follows.

9 is a configuration diagram showing the power coupling device (800). That is, FIG. 9 shows a power combining device 800 for verifying a process of extracting a phase difference and an amplitude difference between a received signal and a transmitted signal through power detection of the receiving end and the transmitting end in the phase difference detection module 750 .

As shown in Figure 9, the power combining device 800 is a first input port (Port1) 810 and two input signals input through a second input port (Port2) 820 (S ₁ , S ₂ ) A power combiner 860 for combining, and a power measurer 870 for measuring the _{output signal S m that} is coupled in the power combiner 860 and output through the output port (Port3) 830 Can include have.

At this time, a first attenuator 840 and a second attenuator 850 for respectively attenuating a large input signal may be further included between the first input port 810 and the second input port 820 and the power combiner 860 . have.

이고, 위상 차이가

인 경우 신호 S₂는 아래의 [수학식 1]과 같이 나타낼 수 있다.The amplitude difference between two equal frequency input signals S ₁ and S _{2 is}

, and the phase difference is

In the case of , the signal S ₂ may be expressed as in [Equation 1] below.

[Equation 1]

Through this, an amplitude difference and a phase difference between the two signals may be calculated based on a change in signal power. At this time, when the two inputs are the first input port (Port1) 810 and the second input port (Port2) 820, and the output is the output port (Port3) 830, the S-parameter is the following [Equation 2] ] and [Equation 3].

[Equation 2]

[Equation 3]

과

는 진폭 손실이고,

과

는 입력 포트에서 출력 포트까지의 위상 변화이며,

는 전력 결합 장치(800)의 두 신호 경로 사이의 위상 차이를 나타낸다. 즉, A_m1은 입력신호(S₁)의 출력포트(Port3)(830) 신호(S₃)에 대한 진폭 손실이고, A_m2는 입력신호(S₂)의 출력포트(Port3)(830) 신호(S₃)에 대한 진폭 손실이다.From here,

class

is the amplitude loss,

class

is the phase change from the input port to the output port,

denotes the phase difference between the two signal paths of the power combining device 800 . That is, A _m1 is the input signal (S ₁₎ output port (Port3) (830) and the amplitude loss of the signal (S _3), A _m2 is the output port (Port3) (830) signal from the input signal (S ₂₎ of the Amplitude loss for (S _{3 ).}

과

간의 관계는 아래의 [수학식 4] 및 [수학식 5]와 같이 나타낼 수 있다.For example, if one signal is connected to an input port and the other input port is terminated by a reference impedance, each output signal

class

The relationship between them can be expressed as [Equation 4] and [Equation 5] below.

[Equation 4]

[Equation 5]

는 아래의 [수학식 6]과 같이 나타낼 수 있다.In addition, when [Equation 4] and [Equation 5] are summarized, the amplitude difference

can be expressed as in [Equation 6] below.

[Equation 6]

과

는 측정 장비를 이용하여 각각 제1 입력포트(Port1)(810)와 제2 입력포트(Port2)(820)에서 측정된 신호 전력(Signal power)이다.From here,

class

is a signal power measured at the first input port (Port1) 810 and the second input port (Port2) 820, respectively, using a measuring device.

과

의 벡터 합과 같다고 가정할 수 있다.At this time, when the two input signals (S ₁ , S ₂ ) are simultaneously connected to the power combining device 800, the combined output signal (S _m ) is two signals as shown in [Equation 7] below.

class

can be assumed to be equal to the vector sum of

[Equation 7]

In addition, [Equation 7] can be expressed as the following [Equation 8] using the amplitudes of the input signal and the output signal.

[Equation 8]

는 아래의 [수학식 9]와 같이 나타낼 수 있다.In addition, if summarized using [Equation 8], the phase difference

can be expressed as [Equation 9] below.

[Equation 9]

는 코사인(cos) 함수의 특성으로 인해

와

사이의 범위를 갖는다.Here, P _S is the two input signals (S _1, S ₂₎ the signal power (Signal power) measured by the power coupling device 800. Also, in [Equation 9], the phase difference

is due to the nature of the cosine function

Wow

has a range between

)와 위상 차이(

)를 산출하는 과정을 다시 정리하면 다음과 같다.The difference in amplitude between these two input signals (S ₁ , S _{2 ) (}

) and the phase difference (

), the process of calculating it is summarized as follows.

1. Measure the S-parameters for the two input signals (S ₁ , S _{2 ) of the power coupling device 800 .}

2. Measure the power for each input signal (S ₁ , S _{2 ).}

3. When the two input signals (S ₁ , S ₂ ) are simultaneously connected to the power combining device 800 , the power of the two input signals ( S ₁ , S ₂ ) is measured.

)와 위상 차이(

)를 산출한다.4. Based on the measurement result in No. 3 above, using [Equation 6] and [Equation 9], the amplitude difference (

) and the phase difference (

) is calculated.

In this way, the millimeter wave transceiver terminals 10 and 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention form an open state in which the impedance in which the transmitter and the receiver face each other according to the operation of the serial switch 300 at the receiver end is formed. It is possible to reduce the insertion loss by preventing the deterioration of high-power transmission due to the use of an active element in the structure of the transmitter while exhibiting the separation characteristic according to the line connection, and minimizing the use of the element used by the complex impedance matching.

In addition, the same operation is possible while reducing the number of switch transistors controlled by the conventional SPDT, the design complexity can be reduced by reducing the input of the control signal, and each characteristic desired by the transmitter and the receiver can be optimized.

Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be easily changed by a person skilled in the art from the embodiment of the present invention to equivalent Including all changes to the extent recognized as

1: single antenna 10, 20: millimeter wave transmitting and receiving end
11: receiving end port 12: antenna port
13: Transmitter port 14: GND
15: receiving end impedance block 16: transmitting end impedance block
100: low noise amplifier (LNA) 200: receiving end impedance conversion unit
300: receiving end serial switch 400: receiving end parallel switch
500: Transmitting end impedance conversion unit 600: Power amplifier (PA)
700: SIC unit 710: SCC (Signal Combining Circuit)
720: Receiver PD (Power detect) 730: Combined PD (Power detect)
740: Transmitting end PD (Power detect) 750: Phase difference detection module
760: SIC signal generation module 800: power combining device
810: first input port 820: second input port
830: output port 840: first attenuator
850: second attenuator 860: power combiner
870: power meter

Claims (13)

In a millimeter wave transceiver for transmitting or receiving a signal using a single antenna,
a low noise amplifier (LNA) coupled to the receiving end;
a power amplifier (PA) connected to the transmitting end;
a receiving end impedance converter disposed between the low noise amplifier (LNA) and a single antenna to set an impedance between the antenna and the receiving end;
a transmitting end impedance converter disposed between the power amplifier (PA) and a single antenna to set an impedance between the antenna and the transmitting end; and
A receiving end serial switch disposed between the single antenna and the receiving end to selectively transmit a signal received from the single antenna to the receiving end,
A millimeter wave transceiver using an asymmetric switch, characterized in that the impedance between the single antenna and the receiving end or the impedance between the single antenna and the transmitting end is matched according to the on/off of the receiving end serial switch.
According to claim 1,
In the transmission mode in which the transmission signal of the transmitting end is output through a single antenna, the serial switch of the receiving end is in an open state so that the impedance seen in the direction of the receiving line is in an open state in order to prevent the transmit signal that transmits high power from leaking to the receiving end A millimeter wave transceiver terminal using an asymmetric switch, characterized in that it is turned off.
3. The method of claim 2,
In the transmitting mode, the impedance of the receiving end impedance block and the preset impedance of the transmitting end impedance converter are combined in a state in which the receiving end serial switch is turned off, so that the impedance is configured such that the impedance matching between the single antenna and the transmitting end is achieved. millimeter wave transceiver using an asymmetric switch.
According to claim 1,
In the reception mode in which the signal received from the single antenna is transmitted to the receiving end, the power amplifier PA is turned OFF to prevent an effect on the reception line connection characteristics by making the impedance seen in the output direction of the transmitting end open. ) state, and a millimeter wave transceiver using an asymmetric switch, characterized in that the receiving end serial switch is turned on.
5. The method of claim 4,
In the receiving mode, the impedance of the transmitting end impedance block and the preset impedance of the receiving end impedance conversion unit are combined to achieve impedance matching between the single antenna and the receiving end in a state in which the receiving end serial switch is turned on. millimeter wave transceiver using an asymmetric switch.
According to claim 1,
In order to implement impedance matching characteristics between the transmitting end and the receiving end according to the transmission mode in which the transmit signal of the transmitting end is output through a single antenna and the receiving mode in which the signal received from the single antenna is transmitted to the receiving end, the receiving end impedance converter is selectively grounded Millimeter wave transceiver end using an asymmetric switch, characterized in that it further comprises a receiving end parallel switch connected to (GND).
SCC (Signal Combining Circuit) module that receives the reception signal of the receiving end and the transmission signal of the transmitting end, and adds the received signal and the transmit signal to generate a combining signal;
A receiving end PD (Power detect) for detecting the received signal of the receiving end,
Transmitting end PD (Power detect) for detecting the transmit signal of the transmitting end,
Combined PD (Power detect) for detecting the combined signal of the SCC module,
A phase difference detection module for extracting the amplitude difference and phase difference between the received signal of the receiving end and the transmitted signal of the transmitting end using the signals detected by the receiving end PD, the transmitting end PD, and the combined PD; and
SIC signal generation module that generates an offset signal for canceling the leakage signal generated at the receiving end under the influence of the transmit signal based on the amplitude difference and the phase difference between the received signal and the transmit signal detected by the phase difference detection module and supplies it to the receiving end SIC circuit comprising a.
8. The method of claim 7,
The phase difference detection module is
The combined signal (S _m ) and the received signal detected through the receiving end PD (

) and the transmitted signal detected through the transmitting end PD (

) set to the relation, or
Signal power (P _S ) measured using the received signal (S ₁ ) and the transmission signal (S ₂ ), and signal power measured at the receiving end using a measuring device (Signal power) (

) and the signal power (Signal power) measured at the transmitting end using the measuring equipment (

) between the received signal (S ₁ ) and the transmitted signal (S ₂ ) using the relational expression set as the phase difference (

) SIC circuit characterized in that for extracting.
8. The method of claim 7,
The phase difference detection module is
The received signal detected through the receiving end PD (

) and the transmitted signal detected through the transmitting end PD (

) and a relational expression set _{by the amplitude loss (A m1} ) of the combined signal of the received signal (S _{1 ) and the amplitude loss (A m2} ) of the combined signal of the transmitted signal (S _{2 ), or}
Signal power measured at the receiving end using a measuring device (

) and the signal power (Signal power) measured at the transmitting end using the measuring equipment (

) And the received signal (amplitude loss of the combined signal of S ₁₎ (A _m1) and the transmission signal (the amplitude loss of the combined signal of S _2), (A _m2) receiving the using a relational expression is set to the signal (S ₁ ) and the difference in amplitude between the transmitted signal (S _{2 ) (}

) SIC circuit characterized in that for extracting.
In a millimeter wave transceiver for transmitting or receiving a signal using a single antenna,
a low noise amplifier (LNA) coupled to the receiving end;
a power amplifier (PA) connected to the transmitting end;
a receiving end impedance converter disposed between the low noise amplifier (LNA) and a single antenna to set an impedance between the antenna and the receiving end;
a transmitting end impedance converter disposed between the power amplifier (PA) and a single antenna to set an impedance between the antenna and the transmitting end;
a receiving end serial switch disposed between the single antenna and the receiving end to selectively transmit a signal received from the single antenna to the receiving end; and
In order to remove the leakage signal generated at the receiving end under the influence of the transmitting signal, it includes an SIC unit for generating an offset signal corresponding to the leakage signal and supplying it to the receiving end,
A millimeter wave transceiver using an asymmetric switch, characterized in that the impedance between the single antenna and the receiving end or the impedance between the single antenna and the transmitting end is matched according to the on/off of the receiving end serial switch.
11. The method of claim 10,
The SIC unit
A signal combining circuit (SCC) module that receives the reception signal of the receiving end and the transmission signal of the transmitting end, and adds the received signal and the transmit signal to generate a combining signal;
A receiving end PD (Power detect) for detecting the received signal of the receiving end,
Transmitting end PD (Power detect) for detecting the transmit signal of the transmitting end,
Combined PD (Power detect) for detecting the combined signal of the SCC module,
A phase difference detection module for extracting the amplitude difference and phase difference between the received signal of the receiving end and the transmitted signal of the transmitting end using the signals detected by the receiving end PD, the transmitting end PD, and the combined PD; and
Using the amplitude difference and phase difference between the two signals detected by the phase difference detection module, an asymmetric switch comprising an SIC signal generating module for generating an offset signal for canceling the leakage current of the receiving end and supplying it to the receiving end millimeter wave transceiver.
12. The method of claim 11,
The phase difference detection module is
The combined signal (S _m ) and the received signal detected through the receiving end PD (

) and the transmitted signal detected through the transmitting end PD (

) set to the relation, or
Signal power (P _S ) measured using the received signal (S ₁ ) and the transmission signal (S ₂ ), and signal power measured at the receiving end using a measuring device (Signal power) (

) and the signal power (Signal power) measured at the transmitting end using the measuring equipment (

) between the received signal (S ₁ ) and the transmitted signal (S ₂ ) using the relational expression set as the phase difference (

) millimeter wave transceiver using an asymmetric switch, characterized in that it extracts.
12. The method of claim 11,
The phase difference detection module is
The received signal detected through the receiving end PD (

) and the transmitted signal detected through the transmitting end PD (

) and a relational expression set _{by the amplitude loss (A m1} ) of the combined signal of the received signal (S _{1 ) and the amplitude loss (A m2} ) of the combined signal of the transmitted signal (S _{2 ), or}
Signal power measured at the receiving end using a measuring device (

) and the signal power (Signal power) measured at the transmitting end using the measuring equipment (

) And the received signal (amplitude loss of the combined signal of S ₁₎ (A _m1) and the transmission signal (the amplitude loss of the combined signal of S _2), (A _m2) receiving the using a relational expression is set to the signal (S ₁ ) and the difference in amplitude between the transmitted signal (S _{2 ) (}

) millimeter wave transceiver using an asymmetric switch, characterized in that it extracts.

Images