KR20210142166A - Vehicle power unit and method of operating the vehicle power unit - Google Patents

Vehicle power unit and method of operating the vehicle power unit Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20210142166A
KR20210142166A KR1020217034457A KR20217034457A KR20210142166A KR 20210142166 A KR20210142166 A KR 20210142166A KR 1020217034457 A KR1020217034457 A KR 1020217034457A KR 20217034457 A KR20217034457 A KR 20217034457A KR 20210142166 A KR20210142166 A KR 20210142166A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
transmission
electric motor
drive
drive unit
internal combustion
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KR1020217034457A
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Korean (ko)
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로저 폴만
클라우스 레이프니츠
클라우스 뮬바우어
키라쉬 삽제바리
안드레아스 리델
다니엘 쇠넨베르거
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비테스코 테크놀로지스 저머니 게엠베하
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Publication of KR20210142166A publication Critical patent/KR20210142166A/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
    • B60K25/02—Auxiliary drives directly from an engine shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4808—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox output shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4816—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox internal shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
    • B60K2025/005—Auxiliary drives driven by electric motors forming part of the propulsion unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
    • B60K25/02—Auxiliary drives directly from an engine shaft
    • B60K2025/022—Auxiliary drives directly from an engine shaft by a mechanical transmission
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은, 차량(F)용 구동 유닛(1)으로서, - 내연 엔진(2), - 적어도 하나의 전기 모터(3), 및 - 내연 엔진(2)과 전기 모터(3)에 대해 각각 별도의 입력 샤프트(E1, E2)를 갖는 변속기(4)를 포함하고, 전기 모터(3)는 변속기(4)의 출력 유닛(5)에 고정 결합되고, 전기 모터(3)와 출력 유닛(5) 사이의 동력 흐름은 변속기(4)가 중립 위치(N)에 있을 때 중단되지 않는, 구동 유닛에 관한 것이다. 본 발명은 또한 이러한 종류의 구동 유닛(1)을 동작시키는 방법에 관한 것이다.The invention relates to a drive unit 1 for a vehicle F, - an internal combustion engine 2 , - at least one electric motor 3 , and - separately for the internal combustion engine 2 and the electric motor 3 , respectively. a transmission (4) having an input shaft (E1, E2) of the electric motor (3) fixedly coupled to an output unit (5) of the transmission (4) The power flow between them relates to the drive unit, which is not interrupted when the transmission 4 is in the neutral position N. The invention also relates to a method of operating a drive unit 1 of this kind.

Description

차량용 동력 유닛 및 차량용 동력 유닛을 동작시키는 방법Vehicle power unit and method of operating the vehicle power unit

본 발명은 차량용 구동 유닛에 관한 것이다. 본 발명은 또한 이러한 구동 유닛을 동작시키는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a drive unit for a vehicle. The invention also relates to a method of operating such a drive unit.

차량용 구동 유닛, 예를 들어, 하이브리드 구동 유닛, 및 이를 동작시키는 방법은 일반적으로 종래 기술에 알려져 있다.Drive units for vehicles, eg hybrid drive units, and methods of operating them are generally known from the prior art.

본 발명은 종래 기술과 관련하여 개선된, 특히 차량용 컴팩트한 구동 유닛을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 본 발명은 또한 이러한 구동 유닛을 동작시키기 위한 적절한 방법을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims to provide a compact drive unit, which is improved in relation to the prior art, in particular for vehicles. The invention also aims to provide a suitable method for operating such a drive unit.

구동 유닛과 관련하여, 본 목적은 청구항 1에 제시된 특징에 의해 본 발명에 따라 달성된다. 방법과 관련하여, 본 목적은 청구항 10에 제시된 특징에 의해 본 발명에 따라 달성된다.With regard to the drive unit, this object is achieved according to the invention by the features presented in claim 1 . With regard to a method, the object is achieved according to the invention by the features set out in claim 10 .

본 발명의 유리한 구성은 종속 청구항에 제시된다.Advantageous constructions of the invention are presented in the dependent claims.

차량용 본 발명에 따른 구동 유닛은 내연 엔진, 적어도 하나의 전기 모터 및 변속기를 포함하며, 변속기는 내연 엔진과 전기 모터에 대해 각각 별도의 입력 샤프트를 갖는다. 여기서, 전기 모터는 변속기의 출력 유닛에 고정 결합되며, 여기서 변속기가 중립 위치에 있을 때 전기 모터와 출력 유닛 사이의 동력 흐름이 중단되지 않는다.A drive unit according to the invention for a vehicle comprises an internal combustion engine, at least one electric motor and a transmission, the transmission having separate input shafts for the internal combustion engine and the electric motor respectively. Here, the electric motor is fixedly coupled to the output unit of the transmission, wherein the flow of power between the electric motor and the output unit is not interrupted when the transmission is in the neutral position.

구동 유닛은 차량용 하이브리드 구동부로 구성되고, 내연 엔진이 변속기로부터 기능적으로 결합 해제될 때 차량은 순수 전기적 동작을 할 수 있다. 전기 모터가 출력 유닛에 고정 결합되는 것에 의해, 전기 모터를 변속기에 기능적으로 결합하기 위한 클러치 요소가 필요하지 않다. 다시 말해, 전기 모터는 결합 해제 유닛 없이 출력 유닛에 직접 강하비(step-down ratio) 결합된다. 따라서 변속기는 단순하고 컴팩트한 형태로 생산될 수 있어서 구동 유닛이 기존의 구동 유닛보다 비용 효율적이다. 또한, 변속기는 기존의 하이브리드 구동부의 변속기보다 더 적은 구조 공간이 필요하다.The drive unit is configured as a vehicle hybrid drive, and when the internal combustion engine is functionally disengaged from the transmission, the vehicle is capable of purely electrical operation. As the electric motor is fixedly coupled to the output unit, no clutch element is required for functionally coupling the electric motor to the transmission. In other words, the electric motor is directly step-down ratio coupled to the output unit without the decoupling unit. Therefore, the transmission can be produced in a simple and compact form, making the drive unit more cost-effective than the conventional drive unit. In addition, the transmission requires less structural space than the transmission of a conventional hybrid drive unit.

일 예시적인 실시예에 따르면, 변속기는 차량의 모든 런치 과정(launch process) 동안 중립 위치에 있다. 따라서 차량은 모든 런치 과정 동안 필수적으로 전기적으로 구동된다. 이것은 차량의 런치 과정 동안 내연 엔진을 기능적으로 결합시키기 위한 소위 런치 클러치가 필요치 않다는 이점을 갖는다. 이는 변속기의 컴팩트한 설계를 더욱 촉진한다. 또한, 차량이 특정 속도 이상으로 내연 엔진에 의해 구동될 때, 내연 엔진에 의해 생성된 토크는 전기 모터에 의해 생성된 토크에 중첩될 수 있다. 다시 말해, 전기 모터에 의해 생성된 토크는 동작 동안 내연 엔진을 부스트하는 데, 즉, 보조하는 데 사용될 수 있다.According to an exemplary embodiment, the transmission is in the neutral position during all launch processes of the vehicle. The vehicle is therefore essentially electrically driven during all launches. This has the advantage that a so-called launch clutch is not required for functionally engaging the internal combustion engine during the launching process of the vehicle. This further facilitates the compact design of the transmission. Also, when the vehicle is driven by the internal combustion engine above a certain speed, the torque generated by the internal combustion engine may be superimposed on the torque generated by the electric motor. In other words, the torque generated by the electric motor can be used to boost, ie assist, the internal combustion engine during operation.

변속기는 특히 다수의 변속기 기어비를 갖는 기어휠 구동식 자동 수동 변속기로 구성된다. 자동 수동 변속기는 비교적 간단한 기계적 구조와 우수한 효율을 특징으로 한다. 또한, 변속기 기어비의 수는 종래 기술에 비해 감소될 수 있다. 이러한 방식으로 구성된 구동 유닛의 경우, 예를 들어, 4개의 변속기 기어비로도 기존의 구동 유닛에 비해 구동 편의성 저하 없이 충분하다. 2개의 또는 3개의 변속기 기어비도 생각할 수 있다.The transmission consists in particular of a gearwheel driven automatic manual transmission with a plurality of transmission gear ratios. Automatic manual transmissions are characterized by a relatively simple mechanical structure and excellent efficiency. Also, the number of transmission gear ratios can be reduced compared to the prior art. In the case of a drive unit configured in this way, for example, even a gear ratio of four transmissions is sufficient without compromising drive convenience compared to a conventional drive unit. Two or three transmission gear ratios are also conceivable.

변속기는 내연 엔진에 기능적으로 결합된, 특히 운동 측면에서 결합된 구동 샤프트를 더 포함한다. 구동 샤프트와 평행하게 카운터 샤프트(countershaft)가 배치되고, 카운터 샤프트는 특히 기어휠을 통해 구동 샤프트와 맞물릴 수 있다. 평행하게 배치된 카운터 샤프트에 의해, 변속기의 동력 흐름에서 구동 샤프트의 회전 속도가 감소될 수 있고 토크가 증가될 수 있다. 여기서 카운터 샤프트는 출력 유닛을 직접 구동할 수 있는 기어휠 구동 최종 변속비를 포함한다. 출력 유닛은 예를 들어 차량의 구동 휠용, 예를 들어, 전방 구동 휠용 액슬 구동 샤프트를 구동하는 차동 변속기이다.The transmission further comprises a drive shaft functionally coupled to the internal combustion engine, in particular kinetically coupled. A countershaft is arranged parallel to the drive shaft, which can be engaged with the drive shaft, in particular via a gearwheel. By means of the countershafts arranged in parallel, the rotational speed of the drive shaft in the power flow of the transmission can be reduced and the torque can be increased. Here, the counter shaft includes a gearwheel drive final transmission ratio that can directly drive the output unit. The output unit is, for example, a differential transmission that drives an axle drive shaft for a drive wheel of a vehicle, for example a front drive wheel.

변속기는 적어도 하나의 변속기 기어비를 변속하기 위한 적어도 하나의 도그 클러치(dog clutch)를 더 포함한다. 도그 클러치는 간단하고 비용 효율적인 형태로 생산될 수 있으며, 구동 유닛의 변속기의 간단하고 컴팩트한 구성을 촉진한다.The transmission further includes at least one dog clutch for shifting the at least one transmission gear ratio. The dog clutch can be produced in a simple and cost-effective form, facilitating a simple and compact construction of the transmission of the drive unit.

또한, 전기 모터는 카운터 샤프트를 통해 출력 유닛에 결합된다. 따라서 전기 모터는 내연 엔진에 결합된 구동 샤프트와 독립적으로 출력 유닛을 구동할 수 있다.Further, the electric motor is coupled to the output unit via a counter shaft. The electric motor can thus drive the output unit independently of the drive shaft coupled to the internal combustion engine.

다른 실시예에서, 전기 모터는 제1 변속기 기어비를 위해 적어도 하나의 도그 클러치에 의해 출력 샤프트에 회전 가능하게 맞물려 연결 가능한 기어휠을 통해 카운터 샤프트에 연결된다. 따라서 전기 모터는 이미 내연 엔진에 사용되는 변속기 부품에 의해 카운터 샤프트에 결합된다. 변속기 부품을 다수 사용하면 변속기의 구조 공간 요건을 더욱 감소시킨다.In another embodiment, the electric motor is connected to the countershaft via a gearwheel connectable to the output shaft by means of at least one dog clutch for a first transmission gear ratio. The electric motor is thus coupled to the countershaft by a transmission component already used in internal combustion engines. The use of a large number of transmission components further reduces the structural space requirements of the transmission.

여기서, 제1 변속기 기어비를 위해 기어휠은 적어도 하나의 도그 클러치가 개방 상태에 있을 때 구동 샤프트에 대해 회전 가능하다. 특히, 도그 클러치가 개방 상태에 있을 때 제1 변속기 기어비의 기어휠로부터 구동 샤프트로 동력이 전달되지 않고, 이 상태에서 내연 엔진이 변속기로부터 기능적으로 결합 해제된다. 이에 의해 제1 변속기 기어비를 위해 기어휠은 내연 엔진을 변속기에 결합시키는 데에도 사용되고 전기 모터만을 변속기에 결합시키는 데에도 사용될 수 있다. 따라서 전기 모터는 또한 도그 클러치가 일시적으로 개방되는 변속 과정 동안 구동 조립체의 기능을 수행할 수 있다. 이에 의해 고가의 동기화 유닛을 생략하면서 견인력의 중단 없이 변속할 수 있다.Here, for the first transmission gear ratio the gearwheel is rotatable relative to the drive shaft when the at least one dog clutch is in the open state. In particular, when the dog clutch is in the open state, no power is transmitted from the gearwheel of the first transmission gear ratio to the drive shaft, and in this state, the internal combustion engine is functionally disengaged from the transmission. Thereby, for the first transmission gear ratio, the gearwheel can also be used for coupling the internal combustion engine to the transmission and also for coupling only the electric motor to the transmission. The electric motor can thus also perform the function of the drive assembly during a shift process in which the dog clutch is temporarily opened. This makes it possible to shift without interruption of traction while omitting an expensive synchronization unit.

전기 모터와 출력 유닛의 결합은 소위 강하비에 의해 더 수행되며, 이 경우 변속기의 동력 흐름 방향으로 회전 속도는 감소되지만 전달 토크는 증가한다. 이를 위해, 전기 모터의 회전 속도와 출력 유닛의 회전 속도 사이의 변속비의 크기는 1보다 크다. 이에 의해 전기 모터의 회전 속도를 최적의 런치 동작에 필요한 휠 회전 속도로 상승(step-up)시킬 수 있다. 또한, 기어비 변경 동안 견인력의 중단 없이 전기 모터에 의해 토크 강하를 보상할 수 있다.The coupling of the electric motor and the output unit is further performed by a so-called drop-off ratio, in which case the rotational speed in the direction of the power flow of the transmission is reduced but the transmitted torque is increased. For this purpose, the magnitude of the transmission ratio between the rotational speed of the electric motor and the rotational speed of the output unit is greater than one. Accordingly, it is possible to step-up the rotational speed of the electric motor to the wheel rotational speed required for the optimal launch operation. It is also possible to compensate for torque drop by the electric motor without interruption of traction during gear ratio changes.

본 발명에 따른 구동 유닛을 동작시키는 방법의 경우, 출력 유닛을 구동하기 위한 동력은 변속기가 중립 위치에 있을 때 전기 모터로부터만 전달된다. 따라서 내연 엔진이 변속기에 기능적으로 결합되지 않을 때 차량을 순수 전기적으로 구동하는 것이 가능하다. 여기서, 결합 해제 유닛 없이 강하비를 통해 전기 모터를 출력 유닛에 직접 결합하는 것을 통해 간단한 방식으로 변속기로부터 내연 엔진을 기능적으로 결합 해제하고 이에 따라 구동 조립체로서 전기 모터만을 결합시킬 수 있다.In the case of the method of operating the drive unit according to the invention, the power for driving the output unit is transmitted only from the electric motor when the transmission is in the neutral position. It is thus possible to drive the vehicle purely electrically when the internal combustion engine is not functionally coupled to the transmission. Here, it is possible to functionally disengage the internal combustion engine from the transmission in a simple manner through direct coupling of the electric motor to the output unit via a drop-off ratio without the disengagement unit and thus to engage only the electric motor as the drive assembly.

본 방법의 일 실시예에 따르면, 변속기는 모든 런치 과정 동안 중립 위치에 놓이며, 0보다 큰 지정된 속도로부터 진행하여 출력 유닛을 구동하기 위한 동력은 내연 엔진으로부터 전달된다. 따라서 차량의 모든 런치 과정이 전기적으로 구동되기 때문에, 내연 엔진을 변속기에 기능적으로 결합하기 위한 런치 클러치를 생략할 수 있다. 이에 의해 종래 기술과 관련하여 감소된 구조적 공간 요건으로 변속기를 컴팩트하고 단순하게 설계할 수 있어서 보다 비용 효율적인 구동 유닛을 제조할 수 있다.According to one embodiment of the method, the transmission is in the neutral position during all launches, and power to drive the output unit proceeding from a specified speed greater than zero is transmitted from the internal combustion engine. Accordingly, since all launch processes of the vehicle are electrically driven, the launch clutch for functionally coupling the internal combustion engine to the transmission can be omitted. Thereby, it is possible to design a transmission compact and simple with reduced structural space requirements associated with the prior art, thereby manufacturing a more cost-effective drive unit.

내연 엔진은 런치 과정 후에 더 높은 속도를 위한 구동 조립체로 사용된다. 여기서, 0보다 큰 지정된 속도로부터 진행하여 내연 엔진은 출력 유닛을 구동하기 위한 동력이 내연 엔진으로부터 추가적으로 또는 배타적으로 전달되도록 변속기 기어비에 의해 카운터 샤프트에 결합된다. 변속 과정 동안, 전기 모터는 구동 조립체의 기능을 계속 수행할 수 있어서 변속 동안 토크 강하를 거의 피할 수 있다.The internal combustion engine is used as a drive assembly for higher speeds after the launch process. Here, proceeding from a designated speed greater than zero, the internal combustion engine is coupled to the countershaft by a transmission gear ratio such that power for driving the output unit is additionally or exclusively transmitted from the internal combustion engine. During the shift process, the electric motor can continue to perform the function of the drive assembly, so that torque drop during shift is almost avoided.

본 발명의 예시적인 실시예는 도면을 참조하여 아래에서 더 상세하게 논의된다.Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are discussed in greater detail below with reference to the drawings.

도 1은 구동 유닛을 갖는 차량을 개략적으로 도시한다.
도 2는 차량용 구동 유닛을 개략적으로 도시한다.1 schematically shows a vehicle with a drive unit;
2 schematically shows a drive unit for a vehicle.

상호 대응하는 부분은 모든 도면에서 동일한 참조 부호로 표시된다.Corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals in all drawings.

도 1은 구동 유닛(1)을 갖는 차량(F)을 크게 단순화된 형태로 도시한다. 도 2는 내연 엔진(2), 전기 모터(3), 변속기(4) 및 출력 유닛(5)을 갖는 차량(F)의 구동 유닛(1)을 개략적으로 도시한다.1 shows a vehicle F with a drive unit 1 in a greatly simplified form. 2 schematically shows a drive unit 1 of a vehicle F with an internal combustion engine 2 , an electric motor 3 , a transmission 4 and an output unit 5 .

구동 유닛(1)은 차량(F)용, 특히, 자동차용 하이브리드 구동부를 형성하고, 예를 들어, 횡 방향으로 또는 길이 방향으로 설치된 전방 장착 구동 조립체를 갖는 전방 장착 구동부로 또는 후방 장착 구동부로 사용될 수 있다. 차량(F)은 예를 들어 승용차, 오프로드 차량, 다용도 차량 또는 오토바이이다.The drive unit 1 forms a hybrid drive for a vehicle F, in particular for a motor vehicle, and is intended to be used, for example, as a front-mounted drive or as a rear-mounted drive with a front-mounted drive assembly installed in the transverse or longitudinal direction. can The vehicle F is, for example, a passenger car, an off-road vehicle, a utility vehicle or a motorcycle.

도시된 예시적인 실시예에서, 구동 유닛(1)은 구동 조립체로서 내연 엔진(2)과 전기 모터(3)를 갖는다. 내연 엔진(2)과 전기 모터(3)는 각각 전용 입력 샤프트(E1, E2)를 통해 변속기(4)에 결합된다. 전기 모터(3)는 출력 유닛(5)에 고정 결합되고, 여기서 전기 모터(3)와 출력 유닛(5) 사이의 동력 흐름은 변속기(4)가 중립 위치(N)에 있을 때 중단되지 않는다.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the drive unit 1 has an internal combustion engine 2 and an electric motor 3 as drive assemblies. The internal combustion engine 2 and the electric motor 3 are respectively coupled to the transmission 4 via dedicated input shafts E1 and E2. The electric motor 3 is fixedly coupled to the output unit 5 , wherein the flow of power between the electric motor 3 and the output unit 5 is not interrupted when the transmission 4 is in the neutral position N .

또한, 내연 엔진(2)용 입력 샤프트(E1)에 결합되고 입력 샤프트와 동축으로 연장되는 변속기(4)의 구동 샤프트(A)는 전기 스타터 발전기(6)에 결합되고, 스타터 발전기는 내연 엔진(2)을 시동 걸고, 동기화를 보조하며, 차량(F)의 동작 동안 발전기로 사용된다. 여기서, 구동 유닛(1)은 예를 들어 소위 P1 배열 및 P3 배열의 조합을 갖는 병렬 하이브리드 구동부를 형성한다.Further, the drive shaft A of the transmission 4 coupled to the input shaft E1 for the internal combustion engine 2 and extending coaxially with the input shaft is coupled to an electric starter generator 6, the starter generator being connected to the internal combustion engine ( 2) starts the engine, assists in synchronization, and is used as a generator during the operation of the vehicle (F). Here, the drive unit 1 forms, for example, a parallel hybrid drive having a combination of a so-called P1 arrangement and a P3 arrangement.

이 배열의 지정은 구동 유닛(1) 내 전기 모터(3)의 설치 위치에 의존한다. 도시된 예시적인 실시예에서 전기 모터(3)가 변속기(4)의 출력에 직접 결합되기 때문에(아래에서 보다 상세한 설명 참조), P3 배열이 존재한다. P1 배열과의 조합은 구동 샤프트(A)에 고정 연결된 추가 전기 스타터 발전기(6)에서 비롯된다.The designation of this arrangement depends on the installation position of the electric motor 3 in the drive unit 1 . Since in the exemplary embodiment shown the electric motor 3 is coupled directly to the output of the transmission 4 (see more detailed description below), the P3 arrangement exists. The combination with the P1 arrangement results from an additional electric starter generator 6 fixedly connected to the drive shaft A.

아래에서 보다 상세히 설명되는 변속기(4)는 종래 기술에 알려진 자동 수동 변속기, 특히 확실히 맞물리는 변속 요소를 갖는 다수의 비의 스퍼 기어 변속기에 기초한다.The transmission 4 described in more detail below is based on an automatic manual transmission known from the prior art, in particular a multi-ratio spur gear transmission with positively interlocking shift elements.

도시된 변속기(4)에서는 소위 카운터 샤프트(V)가 구동 샤프트(A)와 평행하게 이어지도록 배치되고, 카운터 샤프트는 동시에 변속기(4)의 출력 샤프트를 형성하고, 2개의 기어휠(Z1, Z2)로 구성된 최종 변속비를 통해 출력 유닛(5)을 직접 구동한다. 출력 유닛(5)은 예를 들어 자동차의 구동 휠용, 예를 들어, 전방 구동 휠용 액슬 구동 샤프트를 구동하는 차동 변속기이다.In the shown transmission 4, a so-called counter shaft V is arranged so as to run parallel to the drive shaft A, which simultaneously forms the output shaft of the transmission 4, and two gear wheels Z1, Z2 ) directly drives the output unit 5 through the final transmission ratio composed of The output unit 5 is, for example, a differential transmission that drives an axle drive shaft for a drive wheel of a motor vehicle, for example a front drive wheel.

다수의 기어휠(Z3 내지 Z6)이 구동 샤프트(A)에 배치되고, 이 기어휠은 카운터 샤프트(V)에 배치된 기어휠(Z7 내지 Z10)과 쌍을 이루는 방식으로 항상 맞물리고, 따라서 상이한 기어비로 상이한 변속비를 제공한다. 도시된 예시적인 실시예에서, 변속기(4)는 4개의 변속기 기어비(G1 내지 G4)를 갖는다. 대안적으로, 변속기(4)는 또한 4개 미만의 변속기 기어비(G1 내지 G4), 예를 들어, 2개 또는 3개의 변속기 기어비(G1 내지 G4)를 가질 수 있다. 4개 초과의 변속기 기어비(G1 내지 G4)도 생각할 수 있다.A number of gearwheels Z3 to Z6 are arranged on the drive shaft A, which are always meshed in a pairwise manner with gearwheels Z7 to Z10 arranged on the counter shaft V, and thus different The gear ratio provides different transmission ratios. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the transmission 4 has four transmission gear ratios G1 to G4. Alternatively, the transmission 4 may also have less than 4 transmission gear ratios G1 to G4, for example 2 or 3 transmission gear ratios G1 to G4. More than four transmission gear ratios G1 to G4 are also conceivable.

각각의 기어휠 쌍에서 기어휠(Z3 내지 Z10) 중 각 경우에 하나의 기어휠은 대응하는 샤프트, 즉 구동 샤프트(A) 또는 카운터 샤프트(V)에 회전 가능하게 맞물려 배치되고, 기어휠(Z3 내지 Z10) 중 다른 기어휠은 대응하는 샤프트에서 자유롭게 회전하고 축 방향으로 고정된 방식으로 배치된다.One gearwheel in each case of the gearwheels Z3 to Z10 in each pair of gearwheels is arranged in rotatable engagement with the corresponding shaft, ie the drive shaft A or the counter shaft V, and the gearwheel Z3 to Z10), the other gearwheels rotate freely on the corresponding shafts and are arranged in an axially fixed manner.

도시된 예시적인 실시예에서, 제4 변속기 기어비(G4)를 위한 기어휠 쌍은 구동 샤프트(A)에 고정 배치된 기어휠(Z6)(고정 기어라고도 함)과, 카운터 샤프트(V)에 느슨하게 배치된 기어휠(Z10)(아이들러 기어라고도 함)을 포함한다. 구동 샤프트(A)에 고정 배치된 기어휠(Z6)은 또한 스타터 발전기(6)의 입력 샤프트(E3)에 연결된 기어휠(Z11)과 항상 맞물린다. 느슨하게 배치된 기어휠(Z10)은 특히 카운터 샤프트(V)의 샤프트 구획(V1)에 배치되고, 이 샤프트 구획은 예를 들어 중공 샤프트의 형태이고, 카운터 샤프트(V)에 회전 가능하게 맞물려 축 방향으로 변위 가능한 방식으로 체결되는 제1 도그 클러치(K1)를 포함한다.In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the gearwheel pair for the fourth transmission gear ratio G4 is a gearwheel Z6 (also referred to as a fixed gear) fixedly disposed on the drive shaft A, and loosely on the countershaft V. and an arranged gear wheel Z10 (also called idler gear). A gearwheel Z6 fixedly arranged on the drive shaft A also always meshes with a gearwheel Z11 connected to the input shaft E3 of the starter generator 6 . The loosely arranged gearwheel Z10 is arranged in particular in a shaft section V1 of the counter shaft V, which is for example in the form of a hollow shaft and is rotatably engaged with the counter shaft V in the axial direction and a first dog clutch K1 engaged in a displaceable manner.

제3 변속기 기어비(G3)를 위한 기어 쌍은 구동 샤프트(A)에 고정 배치된 기어휠(Z5)과, 카운터 샤프트(V)에 느슨하게 배치된 기어휠(Z9)을 포함한다. 느슨하게 배치된 기어휠(Z9)은 마찬가지로 카운터 샤프트(V)의 제1 도그 클러치(K1)를 포함하는 추가 샤프트 구획(V2)에 배치된다.The gear pair for the third transmission gear ratio G3 includes a gearwheel Z5 fixedly disposed on the drive shaft A, and a gearwheel Z9 loosely disposed on the counter shaft V. As shown in FIG. The loosely arranged gearwheel Z9 is arranged in a further shaft section V2 which likewise contains the first dog clutch K1 of the countershaft V.

제2 변속기 기어비(G2)를 위한 기어휠 쌍은 기어휠(Z4)을 포함하고, 기어휠(Z4)은 구동 샤프트(A)에 느슨하게 배치되고, 예를 들어, 구동 샤프트(A)의 중공 샤프트 형태의 구동 샤프트 구획(A1)에 배치된다. 상기 구동 샤프트 구획(A1)은 제2 도그 클러치(K2)를 포함한다. 제2 변속기 기어비(G2)를 위한 기어휠 쌍은 카운터 샤프트(V)에 고정 배치된 기어휠(Z8)을 더 포함한다.The gearwheel pair for the second transmission gear ratio G2 comprises a gearwheel Z4, the gearwheel Z4 being loosely disposed on the drive shaft A, for example a hollow shaft of the drive shaft A It is arranged in the drive shaft section A1 of the form. The drive shaft section A1 comprises a second dog clutch K2. The gear wheel pair for the second transmission gear ratio G2 further includes a gear wheel Z8 fixedly disposed on the counter shaft V.

제1 변속기 기어비(G1)를 위한 기어휠 쌍은, 구동 샤프트(A)에 느슨하게 배치되고, 마찬가지로 구동 샤프트(A)의 제2 도그 클러치(K2)를 포함하는, 추가 구동 샤프트 구획(A2)에 배치된 기어휠(Z3)과, 또한 카운터 샤프트(V)에 고정 배치된 기어휠(Z7)을 포함한다.The gearwheel pair for the first transmission gear ratio G1 is arranged loosely on the drive shaft A and likewise comprises a second dog clutch K2 of the drive shaft A in a further drive shaft section A2. It includes a gear wheel Z3 arranged and also a gear wheel Z7 fixedly arranged on the counter shaft V.

도그 클러치(K1, K2)는 변속기 기어비(G1 내지 G4)를 변속하는 역할을 한다. 여기에서, 도그 클러치(K1, K2)는 각각 구동 샤프트(A) 또는 카운터 샤프트(V)에 회전 가능하게 맞물려 각각 배치된 제1 도그 요소(K1.1, K2.1)를 갖는다. 특히, 제1 도그 요소(K1.1, K2.1)는 구동 샤프트(A) 또는 카운터 샤프트(V)와 맞물려 회전하지만 구동 샤프트(A)에 대해 또는 카운터 샤프트(V)에 대해 각각 축 방향으로 변위 가능하도록 배치된다.The dog clutches K1 and K2 serve to shift the transmission gear ratios G1 to G4. Here, the dog clutches K1 and K2 have first dog elements K1.1 and K2.1 respectively disposed in rotatable engagement with the drive shaft A or the counter shaft V, respectively. In particular, the first dog elements K1.1 , K2.1 rotate in engagement with the drive shaft A or the counter shaft V but axially relative to the drive shaft A or to the counter shaft V respectively. arranged to be displaceable.

도그 클러치(K1, K2)는 각각 2개의 제2 도그 요소(K1.2, K2.2)를 더 가지며, 이 2개의 제2 도그 요소는 각각 구동 샤프트(A)와 카운터 샤프트(V)에서 제1 도그 요소(K1.1, K2.1)와 반대쪽에 동축으로 배치된다. 또한, 제2 도그 요소(K1.2 및 K2.2)는 각각 기어휠(Z9, Z10 및 Z3, Z4)과 단일 부품으로 형성된다. 즉, 예를 들어, 하나의 도그 클러치(K2)의 제2 도그 요소(K2.2)는 제1 변속기 기어비(G1)의 기어휠(Z3)과 단일 부품으로 형성된다. 상기 도그 클러치(K2)의 다른 제2 도그 요소(K2.2)는 제2 변속기 기어비(G2)의 기어휠(Z4)과 단일 부품으로 형성되고, 다른 도그 클러치(K1)의 제2 도그 요소(K1.2)는 제3 변속기 기어비(G3)의 기어휠(Z9)과 단일 부품으로 형성된다. 다른 도그 클러치(K1)의 다른 제2 도그 요소(K1.2)는 제4 변속기 기어비(G2)의 기어휠(Z10)과 단일 부품으로 형성된다.The dog clutches K1 and K2 further have two second dog elements K1.2 and K2.2, respectively, and these two second dog elements are first in the drive shaft A and the counter shaft V, respectively. 1 Arranged coaxially opposite to the dog elements (K1.1, K2.1). Further, the second dog elements K1.2 and K2.2 are formed as a single piece with the gear wheels Z9, Z10 and Z3, Z4, respectively. That is, for example, the second dog element K2.2 of one dog clutch K2 is formed as a single piece with the gear wheel Z3 of the first transmission gear ratio G1. The other second dog element K2.2 of the dog clutch K2 is formed as a single piece with the gear wheel Z4 of the second transmission gear ratio G2, and the second dog element K of the other dog clutch K1 ( K1.2) is formed as a single piece with the gear wheel Z9 of the third transmission gear ratio G3. Another second dog element K1.2 of the other dog clutch K1 is formed as a single piece with the gear wheel Z10 of the fourth transmission gear ratio G2.

기어휠(Z3, Z4)을 향하는 제1 도그 요소(K2.1)의 표면은 각각 다수의 도그 톱니(더 자세히 설명하지 않음)를 갖는다. 마찬가지로, 각각 제1 도그 요소(K2.1)를 향하는 제2 도그 요소(K2.2)의 표면에는 도그 톱니가 서로 맞물릴 수 있도록 다수의 대응하는 도그 톱니가 형성된다.The surface of the first dog element K2.1 facing the gearwheels Z3, Z4 each has a number of dog teeth (not described in more detail). Likewise, a plurality of corresponding dog teeth are formed on the surface of the second dog element K2.2, each facing the first dog element K2.1, so that the dog teeth can mesh with each other.

도 2에 도시된 예시적인 실시예에서, 2개의 도그 클러치(K1, K2)는 개방 상태에 있는 것으로 도시되어 있다. 즉, 변속기(4)는 중립 위치(N)에 있으며, 여기서 변속 가능한 기어휠(Z3, Z4) 중 어느 것도 구동 샤프트(A)에 연결되어 있지 않고, 변속 가능한 기어휠(Z9, Z10) 중 어느 것도 카운터 샤프트(V)에 연결되어 있지 않다. 따라서, 내연 엔진(2)으로부터 구동 샤프트(A)로 동력이 전달되지 않는다. 따라서 내연 엔진(2)은 변속기(4)에 기능적으로 결합되지 않고 따라서 변속기(4)에 운동 측면에서 결합되어 있지 않다.In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , the two dog clutches K1 , K2 are shown in an open state. That is, the transmission 4 is in the neutral position N, where none of the shiftable gearwheels Z3, Z4 is connected to the drive shaft A, and any of the shiftable gearwheels Z9, Z10 is It is also not connected to the counter shaft (V). Accordingly, no power is transmitted from the internal combustion engine 2 to the drive shaft A. The internal combustion engine 2 is therefore not functionally coupled to the transmission 4 and therefore not kinetically coupled to the transmission 4 .

제1 변속기 기어비(G1)의 변속을 위해, 제2 도그 클러치(K2)는 제1 변속기 기어비(G1)를 위해 기어휠(Z3)의 방향으로 이동된다. 그 결과, 제1 변속기 기어비(G1)의 기어휠(Z3)과 단일 부품으로 형성된 제2 도그 요소(K2.2)의 도그 톱니와, 제1 도그 요소(K2.1)의 도그 톱니는 서로 상호 맞물리게 된다. 그 결과, 제1 변속기 기어비(G1)를 위해 기어휠(Z3)은 제2 도그 클러치(K2)에 의해 구동 샤프트(A)에 회전 가능하게 맞물려 연결되어, 카운터 샤프트(V)가 제1 변속기 기어비(G1)를 위한 기어휠 쌍에 의해 기어휠(Z1, Z2)에 기능적으로 연결되고 운동 측면에서 이 기어휠(Z1, Z2)에 결합된다. 변속기(4)는 이제 제1 기어비 위치로 변속되었다.For the shift of the first transmission gear ratio G1, the second dog clutch K2 is moved in the direction of the gear wheel Z3 for the first transmission gear ratio G1. As a result, the gear wheel Z3 of the first transmission gear ratio G1, the dog teeth of the second dog element K2.2 formed as a single part, and the dog teeth of the first dog element K2.1 are mutually mutually exclusive. will be intertwined As a result, for the first transmission gear ratio G1, the gearwheel Z3 is rotatably engaged and connected to the drive shaft A by the second dog clutch K2, so that the counter shaft V is connected to the first transmission gear ratio It is functionally connected to the gearwheels Z1, Z2 by means of a pair of gearwheels for G1 and is coupled in terms of motion to these gearwheels Z1, Z2. Transmission 4 has now shifted to the first gear ratio position.

제2 변속기 기어비(G2)의 변속을 위해, 예를 들어, 제2 도그 클러치(K2)의 제1 도그 요소(K2.1)가 차량(F)이 주행하는 동안 제2 변속기 기어비(G2)를 위해 기어휠(Z4) 방향으로 이동되고, 제2 변속기 기어비(G2)의 기어휠(Z4)과 단일 부품으로 형성된 제2 도그 요소(K2.2)의 도그 톱니와, 제1 도그 요소(K2.1)의 도그 톱니는 서로 상호 맞물리게 된다. 그 결과, 제2 변속기 기어비(G2)를 위해 기어휠(Z4)은 제2 도그 클러치(K2)에 의해 구동 샤프트(A)에 회전 가능하게 맞물려 연결되어, 카운터 샤프트(V)가 제2 변속기 기어비(G2)를 위한 기어휠 쌍에 의해 기어휠(Z1, Z2)에 기능적으로 연결되고 특히 운동 측면에서 이 기어휠(Z1, Z2)에 결합된다. 변속기(4)는 이제 제2 기어비 위치로 변속되었다.For the shift of the second transmission gear ratio G2, for example, the first dog element K2.1 of the second dog clutch K2 adjusts the second transmission gear ratio G2 while the vehicle F is traveling. The dog teeth of the second dog element K2.2, which is moved in the direction of the gear wheel Z4 for the The dog teeth of 1) are meshed with each other. As a result, for the second transmission gear ratio G2, the gearwheel Z4 is rotatably engaged and connected to the drive shaft A by the second dog clutch K2, so that the counter shaft V is connected to the second transmission gear ratio It is functionally connected to the gearwheels Z1 , Z2 by means of a pair of gearwheels for G2 and is coupled to these gearwheels Z1 , Z2 in particular in terms of movement. Transmission 4 has now shifted to the second gear ratio position.

제3 및 제4 변속기 기어비(G3, G4)의 변속을 위해, 전술한 절차는 제1 도그 클러치(K1)와 유사한 방식으로 이루어진다.For shifting the third and fourth transmission gear ratios G3 and G4, the above-described procedure is performed in a similar manner to that of the first dog clutch K1.

기존의 구동 유닛(1)의 경우, 예를 들어, 도그 클러치(K1, K2)에서 측방에 배치된 싱크로나이저 링 형태의 동기화 유닛은 원활한 변속 과정을 실현하기 위해 사용된다. 기어비의 맞물림 전에, 상기 동기화 유닛은 대응하는 기어휠(Z1 내지 Z13)의 회전 속도를 대응하는 샤프트의 회전 속도로 조정한다. 이러한 동기화 유닛은 본 발명에 따른 구동 유닛(1)의 경우에 생략될 수 있다.In the case of the conventional drive unit 1, for example, a synchronization unit in the form of a synchronizer ring disposed laterally in the dog clutches K1 and K2 is used to realize a smooth shifting process. Before the gear ratio meshing, the synchronization unit adjusts the rotational speed of the corresponding gearwheels Z1 to Z13 to the rotational speed of the corresponding shaft. Such a synchronization unit can be omitted in the case of the drive unit 1 according to the invention.

또한, 구동 유닛(1)에 고정 결합된 것으로 인해, 전기 모터(3)는 변속 과정에서 차량(F)의 구동을 수행함으로써 변속 과정 동안 일반적으로 발생하는 토크 강하를 보상할 수 있다. 이를 위해, 전기 모터(3)는 카운터 샤프트(V)에 직접 연결될 수 있어서, 변속기(4)의 최종 변속비를 포함하고 출력 유닛(5)을 구동하는 기어휠(Z1, Z2)에 직접 연결될 수 있다. 이에 대해서는 아래에서 보다 자세히 설명한다.Further, due to being fixedly coupled to the drive unit 1, the electric motor 3 can compensate for the torque drop that normally occurs during the shifting process by performing the driving of the vehicle F in the shifting process. To this end, the electric motor 3 can be connected directly to the counter shaft V, so that it can be connected directly to the gearwheels Z1 , Z2 which contain the final transmission ratio of the transmission 4 and drive the output unit 5 . . This will be described in more detail below.

전기 모터(3)는 예를 들어 전기 견인 기계이다. 전기 모터(3)는 별도의 입력 샤프트(E2)를 통해 변속기(4)에 기계적으로 연결된다. 이를 위해, 변속기(4)는 기어휠(Z12, Z13)을 포함하는 중간 기어휠 쌍을 포함한다. 기어휠(Z13)은 제1 변속기 기어비(G1)의 기어휠(Z3)과 항상 맞물리고, 기어휠(Z3)은 구동 샤프트(A)에 배치되고, 카운터 샤프트(V)에 배치된 제1 변속기 기어비(G1)의 기어휠(Z7)과 항상 맞물린다.The electric motor 3 is, for example, an electric traction machine. The electric motor 3 is mechanically connected to the transmission 4 via a separate input shaft E2 . For this purpose, the transmission 4 comprises an intermediate gearwheel pair comprising gearwheels Z12 and Z13. The gearwheel Z13 always meshes with the gearwheel Z3 of the first transmission gear ratio G1, the gearwheel Z3 is disposed on the drive shaft A, and the first transmission disposed on the counter shaft V It always meshes with the gear wheel Z7 of the gear ratio G1.

제2 도그 클러치(K2)가 개방 상태에 있는 경우, 변속기(4)는 중립 위치(N)에 있고, 내연 엔진(2)은 변속기(4)에 기능적으로 결합되어 있지 않다. 즉, 동력 전달은 전기 모터(3)로부터 카운터 샤프트(V)로 직접 발생하고, 카운터 샤프트는 기어휠(Z1, Z2)에 의해 최종 변속비를 통해 출력 유닛(5)을 구동한다. 다시 말해, 전기 모터(3)는 내연 엔진(2)이 변속기(4)에 기능적으로 결합되어 있지 않은 한, 출력 유닛(5)을 직접 구동한다.When the second dog clutch K2 is in the open state, the transmission 4 is in the neutral position N and the internal combustion engine 2 is not functionally coupled to the transmission 4 . That is, power transmission occurs directly from the electric motor 3 to the counter shaft V, which drives the output unit 5 through the final transmission ratio by the gear wheels Z1 and Z2. In other words, the electric motor 3 directly drives the output unit 5 unless the internal combustion engine 2 is functionally coupled to the transmission 4 .

따라서 전기 모터(3)는 변속기(4)에 고정된 변속비로 고정 연결되고, 여기서 구동 조립체로서 전기 모터(3)만이 변속기(4)에 연결되어 있는 한, 변속기 기어비(G1 내지 G4)의 변속은 불가능하다.Accordingly, the electric motor 3 is fixedly connected to the transmission 4 at a fixed transmission ratio, wherein, as long as only the electric motor 3 as a drive assembly is connected to the transmission 4, the shifting of the transmission gear ratios G1 to G4 is impossible.

변속비는 구동 조립체, 이 경우, 전기 모터(3)의 회전 속도와, 출력 유닛(5)의 회전 속도의 몫으로 결정된다. 변속비의 크기가 1보다 크면, 이는 소위 강하비라고 하며, 이 경우 변속기(4)의 동력 흐름 방향으로 회전 속도가 감소하지만, 전달 토크는 증가한다. 도시된 구동 유닛(1)의 예시적인 실시예에서, 전기 모터(3)는 강하비에 의해 출력 유닛(5)에 결합된다.The transmission ratio is determined by the quotient of the rotational speed of the drive assembly, in this case the electric motor 3 , and the rotational speed of the output unit 5 . When the magnitude of the transmission ratio is greater than 1, this is called a so-called drop-off ratio, and in this case, the rotational speed in the power flow direction of the transmission 4 decreases, but the transmission torque increases. In the exemplary embodiment of the illustrated drive unit 1 , the electric motor 3 is coupled to the output unit 5 by a drop-off ratio.

도시된 예시적인 실시예에서 또한 알 수 있는 바와 같이, 변속기(4)는 런치 클러치를 갖지 않는다. 따라서, 차량(F)은 런치 과정 동안 전기 모터(3)에 의해 필수적으로 구동된다. 특정 구동 속도로부터 진행하여, 제1 변속기 기어비(G1)는 내연 엔진(2)이 변속기(4)에 기능적으로 연결되도록 맞물릴 수 있다. 변속기(4)에 고정 연결된 것으로 인해, 전기 모터(3)는 항상 상기 변속기에 연결되고, 따라서 런치 과정에 추가하여 변속 과정 동안 차량(F)에 대한 구동 조립체로서 일시적으로 사용될 수 있다. 또한, 차량(F)의 후진 과정은 전기 모터(3)에 의해 구동되어 변속기(4)의 후진 기어비도 마찬가지로 생략될 수 있다.As can also be seen in the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the transmission 4 does not have a launch clutch. Accordingly, the vehicle F is essentially driven by the electric motor 3 during the launch process. Proceeding from a particular drive speed, the first transmission gear ratio G1 can be engaged such that the internal combustion engine 2 is functionally connected to the transmission 4 . Due to being fixedly connected to the transmission 4 , the electric motor 3 is always connected to said transmission and thus can be temporarily used as a drive assembly for the vehicle F during the shift process in addition to the launch process. In addition, the reverse process of the vehicle F is driven by the electric motor 3 , so that the reverse gear ratio of the transmission 4 can likewise be omitted.

런치 클러치를 생략하고 예를 들어 동기화 유닛 및 후진 기어비와 같은 고가의 변속기 부품을 생략하면 구동 유닛(1)을 특히 컴팩트하게 설계할 수 있고, 여기서, 특히 변속기(4)는 종래 기술과 관련하여 단순화되고 따라서 보다 비용 효율적인 형태로 제조될 수 있다. 전기 모터(3)를 구동 조립체로 일시적으로 사용함으로써 구동 편의성이 거의 제한되지 않거나 전혀 제한되지 않는다. 이는 특히 전기 모터(3)에 의해 차량(F)이 전기적으로 동작하여, 편한 런치 과정을 경험할 수 있고 거의 토크 강하 없이 변속할 수 있다는 점에서 달성된다.Omitting the launch clutch and omitting expensive transmission parts, such as, for example, the synchronization unit and the reverse gear ratio, allows the drive unit 1 to be designed particularly compact, where the transmission 4 in particular is simplified in relation to the prior art. and thus can be manufactured in a more cost-effective form. By temporarily using the electric motor 3 as the drive assembly, drive convenience is little or no limited. This is achieved in particular in that the vehicle F is electrically operated by the electric motor 3 so that a comfortable launch process can be experienced and shifting can be performed with little torque drop.

전기 모터(3)가 제1 변속기 기어비(G1)를 위한 기어휠 쌍을 통해 출력 유닛(5)에 연결될 수 있다는 사실에 의해 컴팩트한 디자인을 더 촉진할 수 있다. 특히, 구동 샤프트(A)에 느슨하게 배치된 기어휠(Z3)은 변속기(4)의 변속 요소로 사용되고, 또한 전기 모터(3)를 출력 유닛(5)에 연결하기 위한 중간 휠로 사용된다. 따라서 내연 엔진(2)에 이미 존재하는 이 변속기 부품은 전기 모터(3)로부터 출력 유닛(5)으로 동력을 전달하는 데 사용될 수 있다.A compact design can be further facilitated by the fact that the electric motor 3 can be connected to the output unit 5 via a pair of gearwheels for the first transmission gear ratio G1 . In particular, a gearwheel Z3 loosely disposed on the drive shaft A is used as a shifting element of the transmission 4 and also as an intermediate wheel for connecting the electric motor 3 to the output unit 5 . This transmission component already present in the internal combustion engine 2 can thus be used to transmit power from the electric motor 3 to the output unit 5 .

또한, 구동 샤프트(A)에 느슨하게 배치된 기어휠(Z3, Z4)과 대향 배치된 출력 유닛(5)의 배열로 인해, 차량(F)의 휠 세트 폭이 감소될 수 있다. 이에 의해 또한 전기 모터(3)를 위한 중간 기어로서 기어휠(Z3)을 사용할 수 있다.Further, due to the arrangement of the gear wheels Z3 and Z4 loosely disposed on the drive shaft A and the output unit 5 disposed oppositely, the wheel set width of the vehicle F can be reduced. It is thereby also possible to use the gearwheel Z3 as an intermediate gear for the electric motor 3 .

카운터 샤프트(V)에 느슨하게 배치된 제3 및 제4 변속기 기어비(G3, G4)의 기어휠(Z9, Z10)의 배열에 의해, 구조적 공간의 이유 때문에 그리고 변속기(4)의 필요한 변속비를 실현하기 위해 스타터 발전기(6)를 직접 연결할 수 있다.By the arrangement of the gear wheels Z9, Z10 of the third and fourth transmission gear ratios G3, G4 loosely arranged on the counter shaft V, for reasons of structural space and to realize the required transmission ratio of the transmission 4 It is possible to directly connect the starter generator 6 for this purpose.

설명된 구동 유닛(1)은 대안적으로 직렬 하이브리드 구동부로서도 사용될 수 있다. 여기서, 전기 모터(3)와 출력 유닛(5) 사이의 동력 흐름은 내연 엔진(2)이 동작 및 실행 동안 변속기(4)가 중립 위치(N)에 있을 때 중단되지 않으며, 여기서 내연 엔진(2)은 출력 유닛(5)으로부터 결합 해제되고, 차량(F)의 배터리(도시되지 않음)는 스타터 발전기(6)에 의해 충전된다. 대안적으로 또는 추가적으로, 스타터 발전기(6)는 또한 전기 모터(3)에 직접 에너지를 제공할 수 있다.The described drive unit 1 can alternatively also be used as a series hybrid drive. Here, the power flow between the electric motor 3 and the output unit 5 is not interrupted when the transmission 4 is in the neutral position N during the operation and execution of the internal combustion engine 2 , where the internal combustion engine 2 ) is disconnected from the output unit 5 , and the battery (not shown) of the vehicle F is charged by the starter generator 6 . Alternatively or additionally, the starter generator 6 may also provide energy directly to the electric motor 3 .

스타터 발전기(6)는 마찬가지로 여기서 변속 동작 동안 내연 엔진(2)의 회전 속도를 동기화하기 위해 사용된다. 따라서 기계적 동기화 요소는 여기서 생략될 수도 있고, 구조적 공간의 감소 및 변속기(4)의 비용 감소 및 또한 변속 손실의 감소가 가능하다.The starter generator 6 is likewise used here for synchronizing the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine 2 during shift operation. The mechanical synchronization element may thus be omitted here, and a reduction in structural space and a reduction in the cost of the transmission 4 and also a reduction in transmission losses are possible.

또한, 스타터 발전기(6)에 의해, 크랭크샤프트 스타터, 특히 크랭킹 모터 및 기존의 교류 발전기 모두를 생략할 수 있다. 특히, 구동 샤프트(A)에 고정 배치된 제4 변속기 기어비(G4)의 기어휠(Z6)을 통해 스타터 발전기(6)를 내연 엔진(2)의 구동 샤프트(A)에 연결함으로써, 스타터 발전기(6)는 필요한 변속비와 구조적 공간을 고려하여 최소한의 추가 부품으로 변속기(4)에 통합될 수 있다.In addition, the starter generator 6 makes it possible to dispense with both a crankshaft starter, in particular a cranking motor and a conventional alternator. In particular, by connecting the starter generator 6 to the drive shaft A of the internal combustion engine 2 via the gearwheel Z6 of the fourth transmission gear ratio G4 fixedly disposed on the drive shaft A, the starter generator ( 6) can be integrated into the transmission 4 with a minimum of additional parts in consideration of the required transmission ratio and structural space.

1: 구동 유닛
2: 내연 엔진
3: 전기 모터
4: 변속기
5: 출력 유닛
6: 전기 스타터 발전기
A: 구동 샤프트
A1, A2: 구동 샤프트 구획
E1, E2, E3: 입력 샤프트
F: 차량
G1 내지 G4: 변속기 기어비
K1, K2: 도그 클러치
K1.1, K1.2: 제1 도그 요소
K2.1, K2.2: 제2 도그 요소
N: 중립 위치
V: 카운터 샤프트
V1, V2: 샤프트 구획
Z1 내지 Z13: 기어휠1: drive unit
2: Internal combustion engine
3: electric motor
4: gearbox
5: output unit
6: Electric starter generator
A: drive shaft
A1, A2: drive shaft compartment
E1, E2, E3: input shaft
F: vehicle
G1 to G4: transmission gear ratio
K1, K2: Dog Clutch
K1.1, K1.2: first dog element
K2.1, K2.2: second dog element
N: neutral position
V: counter shaft
V1, V2: shaft compartment
Z1 to Z13: gear wheel

Claims (11)

차량(F)용 구동 유닛(1)으로서,
- 내연 엔진(2),
- 적어도 하나의 전기 모터(3), 및
- 상기 내연 엔진(2)과 상기 전기 모터(3)에 대해 각각 별도의 입력 샤프트(E1, E2)를 갖는 변속기(4)
를 포함하되, 상기 전기 모터(3)는 출력 유닛(5)에 고정 결합되고, 상기 전기 모터(3)와 상기 출력 유닛(5) 사이의 동력 흐름은 상기 변속기(4)가 중립 위치(N)에 있을 때 중단되지 않는, 구동 유닛(1). A drive unit (1) for a vehicle (F), comprising:
- internal combustion engine (2),
- at least one electric motor (3), and
- transmission 4 with separate input shafts E1 and E2 respectively for the internal combustion engine 2 and the electric motor 3
wherein the electric motor (3) is fixedly coupled to the output unit (5), and the power flow between the electric motor (3) and the output unit (5) is such that the transmission (4) is in a neutral position (N) Uninterrupted when in the drive unit (1). 제1항에 있어서,
상기 변속기(4)는 상기 차량(F)의 모든 런치 과정(launch process) 동안 중립 위치(N)에 있는, 구동 유닛(1).According to claim 1,
The drive unit (1), wherein the transmission (4) is in the neutral position (N) during all launch processes of the vehicle (F). 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,
상기 변속기(4)는 다수의 변속기 기어비(G1 내지 G4)를 갖는 기어휠 구동식 자동 수동 변속기로 구성된, 구동 유닛(1).3. The method of claim 1 or 2,
The drive unit (1), wherein the transmission (4) consists of a gearwheel driven automatic manual transmission having a plurality of transmission gear ratios (G1 to G4). 제3항에 있어서, 상기 변속기(4)는,
- 상기 내연 엔진(2)에 기능적으로 결합된 구동 샤프트(A),
- 상기 구동 샤프트(A)에 평행하게 배치되고, 상기 구동 샤프트와 맞물릴 수 있고, 출력 유닛(5)을 직접 구동할 수 있는 기어휠 구동 최종 변속비를 포함하는 카운터 샤프트(V), 및
- 적어도 하나의 변속기 기어비(G1 내지 G4)를 변속하기 위한 적어도 하나의 도그 클러치(dog clutch)(K1, K2)
를 더 포함하는, 구동 유닛(1).According to claim 3, wherein the transmission (4),
- a drive shaft (A) functionally coupled to said internal combustion engine (2);
- a counter shaft (V) arranged parallel to said drive shaft (A) and capable of engaging said drive shaft and comprising a gearwheel drive final transmission ratio capable of directly driving an output unit (5), and
- at least one dog clutch (K1, K2) for shifting at least one transmission gear ratio (G1 to G4)
Further comprising, the drive unit (1). 제4항에 있어서, 상기 전기 모터(3)는 상기 카운터 샤프트(V)를 통해 상기 출력 유닛(5)에 결합되는, 구동 유닛(1).The drive unit (1) according to claim 4, wherein the electric motor (3) is coupled to the output unit (5) via the counter shaft (V). 제4항 또는 제5항에 있어서, 상기 전기 모터(3)는 제1 변속기 기어비(G1)를 위해 상기 적어도 하나의 도그 클러치(K2)에 의해 상기 구동 샤프트(A)에 회전 가능하게 맞물려 연결 가능한 기어휠(Z3)을 통해 상기 카운터 샤프트(V)에 연결되는, 구동 유닛(1).6. The electric motor (3) according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the electric motor (3) is rotatably engageable and connectable to the drive shaft (A) by the at least one dog clutch (K2) for a first transmission gear ratio (G1). A drive unit (1) connected to the counter shaft (V) via a gearwheel (Z3). 제6항에 있어서,
상기 제1 변속기 기어비(G1)를 위해 상기 기어휠(Z3)은 상기 적어도 하나의 도그 클러치(K2)가 개방된 상태에 있을 때 상기 구동 샤프트(A)에 대해 회전 가능한, 구동 유닛(1).7. The method of claim 6,
and the gearwheel (Z3) for the first transmission gear ratio (G1) is rotatable relative to the drive shaft (A) when the at least one dog clutch (K2) is in an open state. 제1항 내지 제7항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 전기 모터(3)의 회전 속도와 상기 출력 유닛(5)의 회전 속도 사이의 변속비의 크기는 1보다 큰, 구동 유닛(1).The drive unit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the magnitude of the transmission ratio between the rotational speed of the electric motor (3) and the rotational speed of the output unit (5) is greater than one. 제4항 내지 제8항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 구동 샤프트(A)는 전기 스타터 발전기(6)에 결합되는, 구동 유닛(1).The drive unit (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein the drive shaft (A) is coupled to an electric starter generator (6). 제1항 내지 제9항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 구동 유닛(1)을 동작시키는 방법으로서, 상기 출력 유닛(5)을 구동하기 위한 동력은 상기 변속기(4)가 중립 위치(N)에 있을 때 상기 전기 모터(3)로부터만 전달되는, 구동 유닛을 동작시키는 방법.10. A method of operating a drive unit (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the power for driving the output unit (5) is provided when the transmission (4) is in the neutral position (N). A method of operating a drive unit, which is transmitted only from the electric motor (3). 제10항에 있어서,
- 상기 변속기(4)는 모든 런치 과정 동안 중립 위치(N)에 있고,
- 0보다 큰 지정된 속도로부터 진행하여 상기 내연 엔진(2)은 변속기 기어비(G1)를 통해 결합되고, 상기 출력 유닛(5)을 구동하기 위한 동력은 상기 내연 엔진(2)으로부터 전달되는, 구동 유닛을 동작시키는 방법. 11. The method of claim 10,
- the transmission (4) is in the neutral position (N) during all launches,
- a drive unit, proceeding from a specified speed greater than zero, the internal combustion engine (2) is coupled via a transmission gear ratio (G1), the power for driving the output unit (5) is transmitted from the internal combustion engine (2) how to make it work.
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