KR20210137576A - Recycled Polyethylene-Polypropylene Blend with Compatibilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a polyethylene-polypropylene composition, said polyethylene-polypropylene composition comprising a blend (A) which is a recycled material, and a compatibilizer (B) which is a copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene, said composition comprising: The blend includes polypropylene and polyethylene. Furthermore, the present invention relates to an article comprising said polyethylene-polypropylene composition and to a method for preparing said polyethylene-polypropylene composition. The present invention also relates to the use of a compatibilizer (B) which is a copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene, said use for improving the impact-stiffness balance and morphology of the blend (A).

Description

Recycled Polyethylene-Polypropylene Blend with Compatibilizer

The present invention relates to a polyethylene-polypropylene composition, said polyethylene-polypropylene composition comprising a blend (A) which is a recycled material, and a compatibilizer (B) which is a copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene, said composition comprising: The blend includes polypropylene and polyethylene. Furthermore, the present invention relates to an article comprising said polyethylene-polypropylene composition and to a method for preparing said polyethylene-polypropylene composition. The present invention also relates to the use of a compatibilizer (B) which is a copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene, said use for improving the impact-stiffness balance and morphology of the blend (A).

Mechanical recycling or polymer waste from various collection systems is a major target of current development in the field. Mixed recycling of chemically similar polymers, such as styrene homopolymers and copolymers or polyamides, is often seen as one way among the classification dilemmas limiting the process. Polypropylene and polyethylene are clearly candidates for such mixtures, but their inherently limited compatibility and compatibility usually requires some kind of compatibilization to obtain compositions with good mechanical performance. application will be made mandatory.

Higher impact strength can be achieved through the addition of elastomers, such as ethylene-propylene rubber, which act as compatibilizers, but this is well known in the art to limit the stiffness of the resulting composition. Moreover, many of these elastomers are only available as higher molecular weight versions or in non-pelletized forms, which require special mixing equipment. WO 2015/169690 provides an alternative approach through the use of heterophasic ethylene-propylene copolymers as compatibilizers. The heterophasic copolymer comprises a crystalline matrix and an elastomeric component, which limits stiffness loss but at the same time requires rather large additions.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a composition comprising recycled polypropylene and polyethylene which is characterized by a high impact strength while the stiffness is also maintained at a high level.

Accordingly, the present invention relates to a polyethylene-polypropylene composition,

a) 75.0 to 94.0% by weight of a blend (A), based on the total weight of the polyethylene-polypropylene composition, wherein the blend (A) comprises:

i) polypropylene, and

ii) polyethylene

includes,

The weight ratio of polypropylene: polyethylene is in the range of 3:7 to 7:3,

blend (A), wherein the blend (A) is recycled material and is recovered from post-consumer-derived waste plastic material and/or industrial waste;

and

b) Based on the total weight of the polyethylene-polypropylene composition, 6.0 to 25.0% by weight of a compatibilizer (B) as a compatibilizer (B), which is a copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene,

It can be obtained by blending

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene, as determined according to ISO 1183, is 930 kg/m ³ or less, preferably 860 to 925 kg/m ³ , more preferably 880 to 920 kg/m ³ , even more preferably in the range from 890 to 915 kg/m ³ .

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene, as determined according to ISO 1133, is from 1.0 to 20.0 g/10 min, preferably from 1.5 to 15.0 g/10 min, more preferably from 2.0 _{and a melt flow rate MFR 2} (190° C., 2.16 kg) in the range of from 3.0 to 10.0 g/10 min, even more preferably from 3.0 to 10.0 g/10 min.

According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene is at least 70.0% by weight, preferably 70.0 to 92.0% by weight, more preferably, based on the total weight of the copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene, preferably has a 1-butene content in the range from 75.0 to 90.0% by weight, even more preferably from 80.0 to 88.0% by weight.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene, as determined according to ISO 11357, is less than 130°C, preferably from 90°C to less than 130°C, more preferably from 100°C to 125°C, further More preferably it has a melting temperature Tm in the range of 105°C to 115°C.

According to a first embodiment of the present invention, the blend (A), as determined by using solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME-GC-MS), is from 1 ppm to 100 ppm, preferably from 1 ppm to It has a limonene content in the range of 50 ppm, more preferably 2 ppm to 50 ppm, most preferably 3 ppm to 35 ppm. In a second embodiment, blend (A) is 0.10 ppm to less than 1 ppm, preferably 0.10 to less than 0.85 ppm, most preferably 0.10 as determined by using solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME-GC-MS). It has a limonene content in the range of from to less than 0.60 ppm.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, blend (A) contains, based on the total weight of said blend (A), the relative amount of units derived from ethylene of greater than 20% by weight, preferably greater than 27% by weight, more preferably greater than 30% by weight, even more preferably greater than 35% by weight and most preferably greater than 40% by weight.

In particular, blend (A), based on the total weight of said blend (A),

i) up to 6.0% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 6.0% by weight of polystyrene, and/or

ii) up to 3% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 3% by weight of talc, and/or

iii) up to 5.0% by weight, preferably from 0.2 to 5.0% by weight of polyamide, and/or

iv) up to 3% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 3% by weight of chalk

It is preferable to contain

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the polyethylene-polypropylene composition, as determined according to ISO 1133, is 0.1 to 50.0 g/10 min, preferably 1.0 to 20.0 g/10 min, more preferably 2.0 to 15.0 g/min. _{It has a melt flow rate MFR 2} (2.16 kg, 230° C.) of 10 minutes, even more preferably in the range of 4.0 to 10.0 g/10 minutes.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the polyethylene-polypropylene composition is at least 6.0 kJ/m ² , preferably 6.0 to 15.0 kJ/m ² , more preferably 7.0 as determined according to ISO 179 / 1eA at 23° C. It has a Charpy notched impact strength in the range of from 10.0 kJ/m ² to 10.0 kJ/m 2 , even more preferably from 7.0 to 9.0 kJ/m ^{2 .}

According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the polyethylene-polypropylene composition, as determined according to ISO 527-2, is at least 600 MPa, preferably 600 to 830 MPa, more preferably 620 to 820 MPa, even more preferably It has a tensile modulus in the range of 640 to 770 MPa.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to an article comprising the polyethylene-polypropylene composition as described above.

The present invention also relates to a process for preparing a polyethylene-polypropylene composition as described above, said process comprising:

a) providing blend (A) in an amount of 75.0 to 94.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyethylene-polypropylene composition;

b) providing a compatibilizer (B) in an amount of 6.0 to 25.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyethylene-polypropylene composition;

c) melting and mixing the blend of blend (A) and compatibilizer (B), optionally in the presence of 0 to 1.0% by weight of a stabilizer or mixture of stabilizers, and

d) Optionally Pelletizing

includes

In particular, it is preferred that the process comprises a pelletizing step d).

Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of a compatibilizer (B) which is a copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene, wherein the compatibilizer (B) comprises:

i) 930 kg/m ³ or less, preferably 860 to 925 kg/m ³ , more preferably 880 to 920 kg/m ³ , even more preferably 890 to 915 kg/m 3 , as determined according to ISO 1183 ³ range of densities, and/or

ii) 1.0 to 20.0 g/10 min, preferably 1.5 to 15.0 g/10 min, more preferably 2.0 to 12.0 g/10 min, even more preferably 3.0 to 10.0 g/10 min, as determined according to ISO 1133 Melt flow rate MFR ₂ over 10 min range (230°C, 2.16 kg)

has,

Said use is for improving the impact-stiffness balance of blend (A), said blend (A) comprising:

a) polypropylene, and

b) polyethylene

includes,

The weight ratio of polypropylene: polyethylene is in the range of 3:7 to 7:3,

The blend (A) is a recycled material and is recovered from post-consumer derived waste plastic material and/or industrial waste.

In the following, the present invention is described in more detail.

Polyethylene-polypropylene composition

As listed above, the present invention relates to a polyethylene-polypropylene composition comprising a blend of polypropylene and polyethylene (A) and a compatibilizer (B) which is a copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene.

In particular, the polyethylene-polypropylene composition of the present invention, based on the total weight of the polyethylene-polypropylene composition,

a) 75.0 to 94.0% by weight, preferably 76.0 to 92.0% by weight, more preferably 78.0 to 90.0% by weight, even more preferably 80.0 to 85.0% by weight, such as 80.0 to 82.0% by weight of the blend (A), and

b) 6.0 to 25.0% by weight, preferably 8.0 to 24.0% by weight, more preferably 10.0 to 22.0% by weight, even more preferably 15.0 to 20.0% by weight, such as 18.0 to 20.0% by weight of compatibilizer (B)

It can be obtained by blending

The polyethylene-polypropylene composition according to the invention may further comprise an additive (AD).

Accordingly, the polyethylene-polypropylene composition of the present invention is based on the total weight of the polyethylene-polypropylene composition,

a) 75.0 to 94.0% by weight, preferably 76.0 to 92.0% by weight, more preferably 78.0 to 90.0% by weight, even more preferably 80.0 to 85.0% by weight, such as 80.0 to 82.0% by weight of the blend (A),

b) 6.0 to 25.0% by weight, preferably 8.0 to 24.0% by weight, more preferably 10.0 to 22.0% by weight, even more preferably 15.0 to 20.0% by weight, such as 18.0 to 20.0% by weight of compatibilizer (B), and

c) optionally 0.001 to 3.0% by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 2.0% by weight, such as 0.1 to 1.0% by weight of additive (AD)

It is preferable that it is obtainable by blending.

Additives (AD) are described in more detail below.

Furthermore, the weight ratio between blend (A) and compatibilizer (B) is 15:1 to 3:1, more preferably 11:1 to 3:1, even more preferably 9:1 to 8:2, such as A range of 8:2 is preferred.

The polyethylene-polypropylene composition according to the invention, as determined according to ISO 1133, is preferably 0.1 to 50.0 g/10 min, more preferably 1.0 to 20.0 g/10 min, still more preferably 2.0 to 15.0 g/min. _{It has a melt flow rate MFR 2} (230° C., 2.16 kg) in the range of 10 minutes, such as 4.0 to 10.0 g/10 minutes.

As listed above, it is believed that the polyethylene-polypropylene composition according to the present invention is characterized by good impact strength without compromising the stiffness behavior.

Accordingly, the polyethylene-polypropylene composition of the present invention is at least 6.0 kJ/m ² , more preferably 6.0 to 15.0 kJ/m ² , even more preferably 7.0 to 10.0 as determined according to ISO 179 / 1eA at 23° C. It is preferred to have a Charpy notched impact strength in the range of kJ/m ² , such as 7.0 to 9.0 kJ/m ^{2 .}

Further, the polyethylene-polypropylene composition of the present invention, as determined according to ISO 527-2, ranges from at least 600 MPa, more preferably from 600 to 830 MPa, even more preferably from 620 to 820 MPa, such as from 640 to 770 MPa. It is desirable to have a tensile modulus of

In the following, the blend (A) of polypropylene and polyethylene and the compatibilizer (B), which is a copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene, are described in more detail.

Blend (A)

The polyethylene-polypropylene composition according to the invention comprises 75.0 to 94.0% by weight of blend (A). It is essential that blend (A) is obtained from a recycled waste stream. Blend (A) may be post-consumer waste- or industrial waste, such as waste from the automotive industry, or alternatively a combination of both.

It is particularly preferred that the blend (A) consists of recycled post-consumer waste and/or industrial waste.

For the purposes of this specification and the claims that follow, the term "recycled waste" is used to denote material recovered from both post-consumer waste and industrial waste, as opposed to virgin polymer. Post-consumer waste refers to an object that has completed at least a first use cycle (or life cycle), ie has already served its first purpose; Industrial waste refers to manufacturing scrap that does not normally reach consumers.

On the other hand, the term “unused” refers to materials and/or objects that have been newly created and not already recycled before their first use.

Many different types of polyethylene or polypropylene may be present in "recycled waste".

In particular, the polypropylene fraction comprises an isotactic propylene homopolymer, a random copolymer of propylene and ethylene and/or a C4-C8 α-olefin, a propylene homopolymer and/or at least one C2 or C4-C8 α -heterophasic copolymers, including olefin copolymers, and elastomeric fractions comprising copolymers of ethylene and propylene and/or C4-C8 α-olefins, optionally containing traces of dienes can

Likewise, the polyethylene fraction may comprise ethylene homopolymers or random copolymers of ethylene and propylene and/or C4-C8 α-olefins. The polyethylene fraction of recycled material may comprise recycled high density polyethylene (rHDPE), recycled medium density polyethylene (rMDPE), recycled low density polyethylene (rLDPE), recycled linear low density polyethylene (rLLDPE), and mixtures thereof. In certain embodiments, the recycled material is high density PE with an average density ^{of greater than 0.7 g/cm 3} , preferably greater than 0.75 g/cm ³ , most preferably greater ^{than 0.8 g/cm 3 .}

The term “recycled material” as used herein means material that has been reprocessed from “recycled waste”.

A polymer blend is a mixture of two or more polymeric components. In general, blends can be prepared by mixing two or more polymeric components. A suitable mixing procedure known in the art is a post-polymerization blending procedure. Post-polymerization blending can be either dry blending of polymeric components, such as polymer powders and/or compounded polymer pellets, or melt blending by melt mixing of polymeric components.

The polypropylene/polyethylene weight ratio in blend (A) ranges from 7:3 to 3:7.

Preferably, blend (A) is obtained from recycled waste by plastics recycling processes known in the art. Such recycles are commercially available and are available, for example, from Corepla (an Italian consortium for the collection, recovery and recycling of packaging plastic waste), Resource Plastics Corp. (Brampton, ON), Kruschitz GmbH, Plastics and Recycling (AT), Vogt Plastik GmbH (DE), Mtm Plastics GmbH (DE), and the like. Non-exclusive examples of polyethylene rich recycled material include DIPOLEN S (Mtm Plastics GmbH), food grade rHDPE (BIFFA PLC) and a wide range of polyethylene rich materials such as HD-LM02041 from PLASgran Ltd.

In certain preferred embodiments, the recycled polyethylene rich material is DIPOLEN (Mtm Plastics GmbH), such as DIPOLEN S or DIPOLEN H, DIPOLEN PP or DIPOLEN SP, preferably DIPOLEN S. DIPOLEN is obtained from a municipal waste stream (ie it is a product of municipal recycling), for example a “yellow bag” recycling system, which operates in some parts of Germany.

The combined polypropylene and polyethylene fraction of blend (A) is greater than 20% by weight, preferably greater than 27% by weight, more preferably greater than 30% by weight, even more preferably greater than 30% by weight, based on the total weight of said blend (A). preferably greater than 35% by weight and most preferably greater than 40% by weight of ethylene derived units.

In addition, the combined polypropylene and polyethylene fractions of blend (A) may have a relative amount of propylene derived units greater than 30% by weight, but less than 70% by weight, based on the total weight of blend (A).

According to a first embodiment of the present invention, the blend (A) is preferably from 1 ppm to 100 ppm, preferably from 1 ppm to 50 ppm, as determined using solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME-GC-MS). , more preferably from 2 ppm to 50 ppm, most preferably from 3 ppm to 35 ppm. Limonene is commonly found in recycled polyolefin materials and originates from packaging applications in the fields of cosmetics, detergents, shampoos and similar products. Thus, when blend (A) contains material originating from this type of municipal waste stream, this blend (A) contains limonene. In a second embodiment of the present invention, the blend (A) is 0.10 ppm to less than 1 ppm, preferably 0.10 to less than 0.85 ppm, most preferably as determined using solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME-GC-MS) preferably have a limonene content of 0.10 to less than 0.60 ppm. The blend (A) according to the second embodiment can be prepared by subjecting the blend (A) according to the first embodiment to washing and/or aeration. Washing can be performed, for example, by an industrial washer provided by Herbold Meckesheim GmbH. Depending on the origin of the waste stream, several wash cycles may be required. Various aeration processes, such as those described in US 5,767,230, are also known in the art. US 5,767,230 is incorporated herein by reference. The process as described in US 5,767,230 is preferably combined with washing as described above.

The fatty acid content is another indication of the recycling origin of the blend (A).

Due to the recycle origin, blend (A) also contains an amount of up to 4% by weight, based on the weight of said blend (A).

i) organic fillers, and/or

ii) inorganic fillers, and/or

iii) additive

may contain.

Blend (A) is preferably based on the total weight of said blend (A),

(i) up to 6.0% by weight of polystyrene; and/or

(ii) up to 3% by weight of talc; and/or

(iii) up to 5.0% by weight of polyamide; and/or

(v) up to 3% by weight chalk

may contain.

Blend (A) is typically based on the total weight of said blend (A),

(i) 0.1 to 6.0% by weight of polystyrene; and/or

(ii) 0.1 to 3% by weight of talc; and/or

(iii) 0.2 to 5.0% by weight of polyamide; and/or

(v) 0.1 to 3% by weight of chalk

contains

Blend (A) may further contain polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyvinylchloride (PVC). Preferably, blend (A), based on the total weight of said blend (A),

(vi) up to 5.0% by weight, more preferably from 0.2 to 5.0% by weight of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and/or

(vii) 5.0% by weight or less, more preferably 0.2 to 5.0% by weight of polyvinylchloride (PVC)

further contains.

Compatibilizer (B)

The polyethylene-polypropylene composition of the present invention further comprises a compatibilizer (B).

A "compatibilizer" is a component in polymer chemistry that is added to an immiscible blend of polymers to increase its stability.

The compatibilizer (B) according to the invention is a copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene.

The copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene is at least 70.0% by weight, more preferably 70.0 to 92.0% by weight, more preferably 75.0 to 90.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene, It is preferred, for example, to have a 1-butene content in the range from 80.0 to 88.0% by weight.

Furthermore, the copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene, as determined according to ISO 1133, is from 1.0 to 20.0 g/10 min, more preferably from 1.5 to 15.0 g/10 min, even more preferably from 2.0 to 12.0 g/10 min. , for example having a melt flow rate MFR ₂ (230° C., 2.16 kg) in the range from 3.0 to 10.0 g/10 min.

The copolymer of 1-butene with ethylene is preferably below 130°C, more preferably between 90°C and below 130°C, even more preferably between 100°C and 125°C, such as between 105°C and 115°C, as determined according to ISO 11357. It has a melting temperature Tm in the range of °C.

The compatibilizer (B), as determined according to ISO 1183, is ^{not more than 930 kg/m 3} , more preferably 860 to 925 kg/m ³ , even more preferably 880 to 920 kg/m ³ , such as 890 to 915 kg It has a density in the range of /m ^{3 .}

The compatibilizer (B) is preferably a copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene known in the art, for example a copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene of the TAFMER series commercially available from Mitsui.

Additive (AD)

As indicated above, the polyethylene-polypropylene composition according to the present invention may contain additives.

In particular, the polyethylene-polypropylene composition of the present invention may contain up to 1.0% by weight of a stabilizer or mixture of stabilizers. Preferably the stabilizer is contained in an amount of 0.1 to 1.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyethylene-polypropylene composition.

Stabilizers are well known in the art and can be, for example, antioxidants, anti-acids, antiblocking agents, anti-UV, nucleating agents or antistatic agents. have.

Examples of antioxidants commonly used in the art include sterically hindered phenols (such as CAS No. 6683-19-8, Irganox 1010 FF™ by BASF, or Irganox 225 ^™ by BASF), phosphorous ) basic antioxidants (such as CAS No. 31570-04-4, also sold as Hostanox PAR 24 (FF)™ by Clariant or Irgafos 168 (FF)™ by BASF), sulfur-based antioxidants (such as CAS No. 693-36-7, sold as Irganox PS-802 FL™ by BASF), a nitrogen-based antioxidant (such as 4,4'-bis(1,1'-dimethyl-benzyl)-diphenylamine) , or an antioxidant blend.

Acid resistance is also commonly known in the art. Examples include calcium stearate, sodium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium and zinc oxide, synthetic hydrotalcte (eg SHT, CAS-No. 11097-59-9), lactate and lactylate, as well as but calcium stearate (CAS No. 1592-23-0) and zinc stearate (CAS No. 557-05-1).

Common antiblocking agents are natural silicas such as diatomaceous earth (such as CAS No. 60676-86-0 (SuperfFloss™), CAS-No. 60676-86-0 (SuperFloss E™), or CAS-No. 60676-86- 0 (Celite 499™)), synthetic silica (such as CAS-No. 7631-86-9, CAS-No. 7631-86-9, CAS-No. 7631-86-9, CAS-No. 7631-86- 9, CAS-No. 7631-86-9, CAS-No. 7631-86-9, CAS-No. 112926-00-8, CAS-No. 7631-86-9, or CAS-No. 7631-86 -9), silicates (such as aluminum silicate (kaolin) CAS-no. 1318-74-7, sodium aluminum silicate CAS-No. 1344-00-9, calcined kaolin CAS-No. 92704-41-1, aluminum silicate CAS-No. 1327-36-2, or calcium silicate CAS-No. 1344-95-2), synthetic zeolites (such as sodium calcium aluminosilicate hydrate CAS-No. 1344-01-0, CAS-No. 1344-01-0, or sodium calcium aluminosilicate, hydrate CAS-No. 1344-01-0).

Anti-UV is, for example, bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)-sebacate (CAS-No. 52829-07-9, Tinuvin 770); 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxy-benzophenone (CAS-No. 1843-05-6, Chimassorb 81).

Nucleating agents include, for example, sodium benzoate (CAS No. 532-32-1); 1,3:2,4-bis(3,4-dimethylbenzylidene)sorbitol (CAS 135861-56-2, Millad 3988).

Suitable antistatic agents are, for example, glycerol esters (CAS No. 97593-29-8) or ethoxylated amines (CAS No. 71786-60-2 or 61791-31-9) or ethoxylated amides (CAS No. 97593-29-8). 204-393-1).

Usually these stabilizers are added in amounts of 100-2,000 ppm for each individual component of the polymer.

The polyethylene-polypropylene composition preferably contains 1.0 to 2.0% by weight PO ash.

Way

The method according to the invention for providing a polyethylene-polypropylene composition comprises:

a) providing blend (A) in an amount of 75.0 to 94.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyethylene-polypropylene composition;

b) providing a compatibilizer (B) in an amount of 6.0 to 25.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyethylene-polypropylene composition;

c) melting and mixing the blend of blend (A) and compatibilizer (B), optionally in the presence of 0 to 1.0% by weight of a stabilizer or mixture of stabilizers, and

d) Optionally Pelletizing

includes

In particular, it is preferred that the process comprises a pelletizing step d).

Accordingly, a method for providing a polyethylene-polypropylene composition is

a) providing blend (A) in an amount of 75.0 to 94.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyethylene-polypropylene composition;

b) providing a compatibilizer (B) in an amount of 6.0 to 25.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyethylene-polypropylene composition;

c) melting and mixing the blend of blend (A) and compatibilizer (B), optionally in the presence of 0 to 1.0% by weight of a stabilizer or mixture of stabilizers, and

d) Pelletizing Steps

It is preferable to include

All preferred aspects, definitions and embodiments as described above should also apply to the method.

purpose

Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of a compatibilizer (B) which is a copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene, wherein the compatibilizer (B) comprises:

i) a density of not more than ^{930 kg/m 3 as} determined in accordance with ISO 1183, and/or

_{ii) melt flow rate MFR 2} (230°C, 2.16 kg) in the range from 1.0 to 20.0 g/10 min, as determined according to ISO 1133

has,

Said use is for improving the impact-stiffness balance of blend (A), said blend (A) comprising

a) polypropylene, and

b) polyethylene

includes,

The weight ratio of polypropylene: polyethylene is in the range of 3:7 to 7:3,

The blend (A) is a recycled material and is recovered from post-consumer derived waste plastic material and/or industrial waste.

All preferred aspects, definitions and embodiments as described above should also apply to use.

experimental section

The following examples are included to demonstrate certain aspects and embodiments of the invention as set forth in the claims. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the following description is merely exemplary and should not be taken in any way as a limitation of the present invention.

Test Methods

Tensile modulus (TM) was calculated using injection molded specimens (dog bone shape, 4 mm thickness) described in EN ISO 5247-2 in ISO 527-2 (crosshead speed = 1 mm/min for determination of modulus) , then switched at 50 mm/min until break at 23° C.). Measurements were performed after 96 h conditioning time of the samples.

Impact strength was determined as Charpy notched impact strength (NIS) according to ISO 179-1 eA at +23° C. on injection molded specimens of 80 x 10 x 4 mm prepared according to EN ISO 1873-2. Samples are tested after 96 hours according to these standards.

Comonomer content poly(co-butene-co-ethylene)

Quantitative nuclear-magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to quantify the comonomer content of the polymer.

Quantitative ¹³ C{ ¹ H} NMR spectra were recorded in solution-state using a Bruker Advance III 400 NMR spectrophotometer operating at 400.15 and 100.62 MHz for ¹ H and ^{13 C respectively. All spectra were recorded using a 13} C optimized 10 mm extended temperature probehead at 125° C. using nitrogen gas for all pneumatics. Approximately 200 mg of the material was dissolved in 3 ml of 1,2-tetrachloroethane-d2 (TCE-d2) with chromium-(III)-acetylacetonate (Cr(acac) _{3 ) to 65 mM in solvent} This resulted in a relaxant solution {singh09}.

Approximately 3 mg of BHT (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, CAS 128-37-0) was added as a stabilizer. To ensure a homogeneous solution, after initial sample preparation in a heat block, the NMR tube was further heated in a rotary oven for at least 1 hour. Upon insertion into the magnet, the tube was rotated at 10 Hz. This setup was chosen primarily for high resolution and quantitatively needed for accurate ethylene content quantification. Standard single-pulse excitation was used without NOE using an optimized tip angle, 1 second recycle delay, and a bi-level WALTZ16 decoupling scheme {zhou07,busico07}. A total of 6144 (6 k) transients were acquired per spectrum.

Quantitative ¹³ C{ ¹ H} NMR spectra were processed, integrated, and relevant quantitative properties determined from integrals. All chemical shifts were indirectly referenced to the central methylene group of the ethylene block (EEE) at 30.00 ppm using a chemical shift of the solvent. This approach allowed similar references even when no such structural unit was present.

A characteristic signal corresponding to the isolated incorporation of ethylene was observed, and the number per comonomer or the integral of the signal at 24.4 ppm assigned to the Sββ site describing the reporting nuclei was used for quantification of the ethylene content. .

fmolE = ISββ

Butene content was quantified using the integral of the Sαα signal between 41.3 ppm and 39.0 ppm {brandolini01} describing the reported nucleus per monomer.

For each isolated ethylene group, one butene group is missing. Compensation is performed by adding one Sββ to the mole fraction of butene (fmolB).

fmolB = ISαα + ISββ

Ethylene mole percent (mol % E) and butene mole percent (mol % B) were calculated from the mole fractions, respectively:

mol%E = fmolE * 100 / (fmolE + fmolB)

mol%B = fmolB * 100 / (fmolE + fmolB).

Ethylene weight percent (E [wt. %]) and butene weight percent (B [wt. %]) were each calculated from mole %:

E [wt%] = 100 * mol%E * 28.05 / [(mol%E * 28.05) + (mol%B * 56.11)]

B [wt%] = 100 * mol %B * 56.11 / [(mol %E * 28.05) + (mol %B * 56.11)].

references:

Ratio of C2 and C3 derived units : The ethylene content of blend (A) was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), calibrated with results obtained from ^{quantitative 13 C NMR spectroscopy.}

The thin film was compressed at 190° C. to a thickness of 300 to 500 μm, and the spectrum was recorded in transmission mode. The relevant instrument settings include a spectral window of 5000 to 400 wave-numbers (cm ^{−1 ), a resolution of 2.0 cm −1} and 8 scans.

Quantitative ¹³ C{ ¹ H} NMR spectra were recorded in solution-state using a Bruker Advance III 400 NMR spectrometer operating at 400.15 and 100.62 MHz ^{for 1} H and ^{13 C respectively. All spectra were recorded using a 13} C optimized 10 mm extended temperature probehead at 125° C. using nitrogen gas for all geometries. Approximately 200 mg of the material was dissolved in 3 ml of 1,2-tetrachloroethane-d2 (TCE-d2) with chromium-(III)-acetylacetonate (Cr(acac)3) to give 65 mM of This resulted in a relaxant solution (Singh, G., Kothari, A., Gupta, V., Polymer Testing 28 5 (2009), 475). To ensure a homogeneous solution, after initial sample preparation in a heat block, the NMR tube was further heated in a rotary oven for at least 1 hour. Upon insertion into the magnet, the tube was rotated at 10 Hz. This setup was chosen primarily for high resolution and quantitatively needed for accurate ethylene content quantification. Standard single-pulse excitation was used without NOE using an optimized tip angle, 1 second recycle delay, and a bi-level WALTZ16 decoupling scheme (Zhou, Z., Kuemmerle, R., Qiu). , X., Redwine, D., Cong, R., Taha, A., Baugh, D. Winniford, B., J. Mag. Reson. 187 (2007) 225, Busico, V., Carbonniere, P., Cipullo, R., Pellecchia, R., Severn, J., Talarico, G., Macromol. Rapid Commun. 2007, 28, 1128). A total of 6144 (6 k) transients were acquired per spectrum. Quantitative ¹³ C{ ¹ H} NMR spectra were processed, integrated, and relevant quantitative properties determined from integrals. All chemical shifts were indirectly referenced to the central methylene group of the ethylene block (EEE) at 30.00 ppm using the chemical shift of the solvent. This approach allowed similar references even when no such structural unit was present. A quantitative signal corresponding to ethylene incorporation was observed (Cheng, HN, Macromolecules 17 (1984), 1950) and the ethylene fraction was calculated as the fraction of ethylene in the blend relative to all monomers in the polymer: fE = ( E / ( P + E )). ^{The ethylene fraction was quantified through the integration of multiple signals over the entire spectral region in the 13} C{ ¹ H} spectrum using the method of Wang et al. (Wang, WJ., Zhu, S., Macromolecules 33 (2000), 1157). ). This method was chosen for its robust nature and ability to account for the presence of regio defects, if necessary. The integral region was slightly adjusted to increase applicability over the full range of encountered comonomer content. The mole percent of ethylene was calculated from the mole fraction: E [mol %] = 100 * fE. The comonomer incorporation weight percent was calculated from the mole fraction: E [wt%] = 100 * ( fE * 28.06 ) / ( (fE * 28.06) + ((1-fE) * 42.08))

iPP, PE, PS, PA and PE content :

Calibration standards were made by blending iPP and HDPE and generating calibration curves. The thickness of the film of the calibration standard was 300 μm. For quantification of iPP, PS and PA 6 content in samples, quantitative IR spectra were recorded in solid-state using a Bruker Vertex 70 FTIR spectrometer. Spectra were recorded on a 25x25 mm square film with a thickness of 50-100 μm prepared by compression molding at 190° C. and 4 - 6 mPa. Spectral range of 4000-400 cm ^-1 , aperture of 6 mm, ^{spectral resolution of 2 cm -1} , 16 background scans, 16 spectral scans, interferogram zero filling factor of 32 and standard transmission FTIR spectroscopy using Norton Beer strong apodisation.

The absorption of the band at 1167 cm ⁻¹ in iPP is measured, and the iPP content is quantified according to a calibration curve (iPP content expressed in weight % versus thickness expressed in absorption/cm).

The absorption of the bands at 1601 cm ^-1 (PS) and 3300 cm ^-1 (PA6) was measured, and the PS and PA6 contents were quantified according to a calibration curve (thickness expressed in absorption/cm vs. PA content expressed in wt %) . The PE content is obtained by subtracting iPP, PS and PA6 from 100. The analysis is performed as a double determination.

Talc and chalk content: determined by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA); Experiments were performed with a Perkin Elmer TGA 8000. Approximately 10-20 mg of material was placed in a platinum pan. The temperature was equilibrated at 50° C. for 10 minutes and then raised to 950° C. under nitrogen at a heating rate of 20° C./min. A weight loss between approximately 550° C. and 700° C. (WCO _{2 ) was assigned to CO 2} evolving from _{CaCO 3} , and thus chalk content was assessed as follows:

Chalk content = 100/44 x WCO ₂ .

The temperature was then lowered to 300° C. at a cooling rate of 20° C./min. After that, the gas was converted to oxygen and the temperature was raised again to 900°C. The weight loss at this stage was assigned to carbon black (Wcb). Knowing the carbon black and chalk content, the ash content excluding chalk and carbon black was calculated as follows:

Ash content = (ash residue) - 56/44 x WCO ₂ - Wcb.

Here, the ash residue is the weight percent measured at 900° C. in the first stage carried out under nitrogen. The ash content is assumed to be equal to the talc content for the irradiated recycle.

MFR : Melt flow rate was measured with a _{load of 2.16 kg (MFR 2} ) at 230°C or 190°C as indicated. The melt flow rate is the amount of polymer, expressed in grams, standardized to ISO 1133 with the test equipment being extruded in 10 minutes under a load of 2.16 kg at a temperature of 230°C (or 190°C).

The melting temperature was determined by DSC according to ISO 11357.

The glass transition temperature Tg is determined by dynamic mechanical analysis according to ISO 6721-7. Measurements are carried out in torsion mode on a ^{compression molded sample (40x10x1 mm 3} ) from -100°C to +150°C with a heating rate of 2°C/min and a frequency of 1 Hz.

Density was determined according to ISO 1183.

Limonene content in DIPOLEN

measurement

Limonene quantification was performed by standard addition using solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME-GC-MS).

Weigh 50 mg of ground sample into 20 mL headspace vials, and after addition of limonene at different concentrations and on a glass-coated magnetic stir bar, the vials are placed with a magnetic cap lined with silicone/PTFE. closed Using a microcapillary (10 pL), diluted limonene standards of known concentration were added to the samples. Additions of 0, 2, 20 and 100 ng are equivalent to 0 mg/kg, 0.1 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg limonene, plus 6.6 mg/kg, 11 mg/kg and 16.5 mg/kg A standard amount of limonene was used in combination with some of the samples tested in this application. For quantification, Ion-93 obtained in SIM mode was used. Enrichment of the volatile fractions was performed by headspace solid phase microextraction with 2 cm stable flex 50/30 pm DVB/Carboxen/PDMS fibers at 60° C. for 20 min. Desorption was performed directly at the heated injection port of the GCMS system at 270°C.

GCMS parameters:

Column: 30 m HP 5 MS 0.25*0.25

Injector: splitless with 0.75 mm SPME liner, 270°C

Temperature program: -10℃ (1 min)

Carrier gas: Helium 5.0, 31 cm/s linear velocity, constant flow

MS: Single quadrupole, direct interface, 280°C interface temperature

Acquisition: SIM Scan Mode

Scan parameters: 20-300 amu

SIM parameters: m/Z 93, 100 ms dwell time

Table 1: Limonene content in DIPOLEN (blend (A))

Sample Limonene [mg/kg]
HS-SPME-GC-MS ^[1] Dipolen S 31.5±2.6

^[1] Headspace solid phase microextraction, material available from mtm plastics GmbH, according to 2018 specification.

Total free fatty acid content

Fatty acid quantification was performed by standard addition using headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME-GC-MS).

Fifty mg of ground sample was weighed into 20 mL headspace vials, and after addition of limonene at different concentrations and on a glass-coated magnetic stir bar, the vials were closed with magnetic caps lined with silicone/PTFE. Using a 10 μL microcapillary, a standard of a diluted free fatty acid mix (acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, pentanoic acid, hexanoic acid and octanoic acid) of known concentration was added to the samples at three different levels. Additions of 0, 50, 100 and 500 ng equal 0 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg of each individual acid. For quantification, ion 60 obtained in SIM mode was used for all acids except propanoic acid, and ion 74 was used for propanoic acid.

GCMS parameters:

Column: 20 m ZB Wax Plus 0.25*0.25

Injector: 5:1 split with glass lined split liner, 250°C

Temperature program: 40°C (1 min) @6°C/min to 120°C, @15°C to 245°C (5 min)

Carrier: Helium 5.0, 40 cm/s linear velocity, commutation

MS: single quadrupole, direct interface, 220°C interface temperature

Acquisition: SIM Scan Mode

Scan parameters: 46-250 amu 6.6 scans/s

SIM parameters: m/z 60.74, 6.6 scans/s

Table 2: Total Fatty Acid Content in Dipolen (Blend (A))

Sample Total fatty acid concentration [mg/kg] ^[1] Dipolen S 70.6

^[1] The concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, pentanoic acid, hexanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, and decanoic acid in each sample were added together to give a total fatty acid concentration value.

Experiment

As blend (A), many blends were prepared with material according to DIPOLEN S, a polyethylene-polypropylene blend from Mtm Plastics GmbH, August 2018 specifications.

In each blend, 5-10% by weight of the reactor-derived compatibilizer (B) was added. As compatibilizer (B), the following commercially available copolymers were used:

Table 3: Properties of compatibilizer (B)

compatibilizer B1 B2 Tafmer BL3110 Tafmer BL3450 MFR [g/10 min] 3.0 9.0 Tm [℃] 110 110 density [kg/m ³ ] 910 900 C2 [weight%] 12.0 17.0 C4 [weight%] 88.0 83.0

The composition was prepared by melt blending 0.3 wt % Irganox B225F (AO) as a stabilizer in a co-rotating twin screw extruder. The polymer melt mixture was drained and pelletized. To test the mechanical properties, specimens are prepared and tested with 1eA notched specimens according to ISO 179 to determine the Charpy notched impact strength (NIS) and tested with 1A specimens according to ISO 527-1/2 at room temperature. Tensile properties were measured. The results are summarized in Table 4.

Table 4: Compositions and properties of Examples and Comparative Examples of the present invention

CE1 CE2 IE1 IE2 CE3 IE3 IE4 A [weight%] 99.7 94.7 89.3 79.3 94.7 89.3 79.3 B1 [weight%] - 5 10 20 B2 [weight%] - 5 10 20 AO [weight%] 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 NIS [kJ/m ² ] 5.7 6.2 6.6 8.4 5.8 6.7 7.6 TM [MPa] 850 796 762 698 793 739 690

As can be gathered from Table 4, the compositions according to the examples of the present invention have a higher impact strength than the standard without compatibilizer, while maintaining a high level of tensile modulus.

Claims (14)

A polyethylene-polypropylene composition comprising:
a) 75.0 to 94.0% by weight of a blend (A), based on the total weight of the polyethylene-polypropylene composition, wherein the blend (A) comprises:
i) polypropylene, and
ii) polyethylene
includes,
The weight ratio of polypropylene: polyethylene is in the range of 3:7 to 7:3,
blend (A), wherein said blend (A) is recycled material and is recovered from post-consumer derived waste plastic material and/or industrial waste;
and
b) 6.0 to 25.0 wt % of a compatibilizer (B), based on the total weight of the polyethylene-polypropylene composition, as a compatibilizer (B), which is a copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene
A polyethylene-polypropylene composition obtainable by blending According to claim 1,
The copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene, as determined according to ISO 1183, is 930 kg/m ³ or less, preferably 860 to 925 kg/m ³ , more preferably 880 to 920 kg/m ³ , even more preferably A polyethylene-polypropylene composition, preferably having a density in the range from 890 to 915 kg/m ^{3 .} According to claim 1,
The copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene, as determined according to ISO 1133, is from 1.0 to 20.0 g/10 min, preferably from 1.5 to 15.0 g/10 min, more preferably from 2.0 to 12.0 g/10 min, even more _{A polyethylene-polypropylene composition, preferably having a melt flow rate MFR 2} (190° C., 2.16 kg) in the range from 3.0 to 10.0 g/10 min. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene is at least 70.0% by weight, preferably 70.0 to 92.0% by weight, more preferably 75.0 to 90.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene, even more preferably having a 1-butene content in the range from 80.0 to 88.0% by weight. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene, as determined according to ISO 11357, is less than 130°C, preferably 90°C to less than 130°C, more preferably 100°C to 125°C, even more preferably 105°C to 115°C. A polyethylene-polypropylene composition having a melting temperature Tm in the range of °C. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The blend (A) is determined by using solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME-GC-MS),
(i) 1 ppm to 100 ppm, preferably 1 ppm to 50 ppm, more preferably 2 ppm to 50 ppm, most preferably 3 ppm to 35 ppm; or
(ii) 0.10 ppm to less than 1 ppm, preferably 0.10 ppm to less than 0.85 ppm, most preferably 0.10 ppm to less than 0.60 ppm
A polyethylene-polypropylene composition having a limonene content in the range. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
said blend (A) has a relative amount of units derived from ethylene, based on the total weight of said blend (A), of greater than 20% by weight, preferably greater than 27% by weight, more preferably greater than 30% by weight, further more preferably greater than 35% by weight, most preferably greater than 40% by weight. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
wherein said blend (A) is based on the total weight of said blend (A),
i) up to 6.0% by weight of polystyrene, preferably from 0.1 to less than 6.0% by weight, and/or
ii) up to 3% by weight of talc, preferably 0.1 to 3% by weight, and/or
iii) up to 5.0% by weight of polyamide, preferably from 0.2 to 5.0% by weight, and/or
iv) up to 3% by weight of chalk, preferably 0.1 to 3% by weight
containing, a polyethylene-polypropylene composition. 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
0.1 to 50.0 g/10 min, preferably 1.0 to 20.0 g/10 min, more preferably 2.0 to 15.0 g/10 min, even more preferably 4.0 to 10.0 g/10 min, as determined according to ISO 1133 A polyethylene-polypropylene composition having a melt flow rate MFR ₂ (2.16 kg, 230° C.) in the range. 10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
^{At least 6.0 kJ/m 2} , preferably 6.0 to 15.0 kJ/m ² , more preferably 7.0 to 10.0 kJ/m ² , even more preferably 7.0 to 9.0 as determined according to ISO 179 / 1eA at 23° C. A polyethylene-polypropylene composition having a Charpy notched impact strength in the range of kJ/m ^{2 .} 11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
Polyethylene-polypropylene having a tensile modulus in the range of at least 600 MPa, preferably 600 to 830 MPa, more preferably 620 to 820 MPa, even more preferably 640 to 770 MPa, as determined according to ISO 527-2 composition. 12. An article comprising the polyethylene-polypropylene composition according to any one of claims 1 to 11. 12. A method for preparing a polyethylene-polypropylene composition according to any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising:
the method
a) providing the blend (A) in an amount of 75.0 to 94.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyethylene-polypropylene composition;
b) providing a compatibilizer (B) in an amount of 6.0 to 25.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyethylene-polypropylene composition;
c) melting and mixing the blend of blend (A) and compatibilizer (B), optionally in the presence of 0 to 1.0% by weight of a stabilizer or mixture of stabilizers, and
d) optionally pelletizing
A method comprising The use of a compatibilizer (B) which is a copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene, comprising:
The compatibilizer (B) is
i) 930 kg/m ³ or less, preferably 860 to 925 kg/m ³ , more preferably 880 to 920 kg/m ³ , even more preferably 890 to 915 kg/m 3 , as determined according to ISO 1183 ³ range of densities, and/or
ii) 1.0 to 20.0 g/10 min, preferably 1.5 to 15.0 g/10 min, more preferably 2.0 to 12.0 g/10 min, even more preferably 3.0 to 10.0 g/10 min, as determined according to ISO 1133 Melt flow rate MFR ₂ over 10 min range (230°C, 2.16 kg)
has,
Said use is for improving the impact-stiffness balance of blend (A), said blend (A) comprising
a) polypropylene, and
b) polyethylene
includes,
The weight ratio of polypropylene: polyethylene is in the range of 3:7 to 7:3,
wherein the blend (A) is a recycled material and is recovered from post-consumer derived waste plastic material and/or industrial waste.