KR20210130979A - Wind speed interlocking blade type wind power generator - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a wind speed interlocking blade type wind power generator. The wind power generator provided with a plurality of blades comprises: a hub plate positioned in front of a nacelle of the wind power generator; a connection plate having one side hinge-coupled to the hub plate and the other side on which a blade is installed; a rotary shaft connecting the hub plate to the nacelle; a linear bush formed to be movable in the axial direction on the rotary shaft; a shaft spring inserted between the hub plate of the rotary shaft and the linear bush; and a fixation bar connecting the connection plate to the linear bush. According to the present invention, an elastic force of the shaft spring is transmitted to the connection plate in accordance with a wind speed so that a blade engagement angle is varied.

Description

Wind speed interlocking blade type wind power generator

The present invention relates to a wind power generator that can be operated even at high wind speeds, and more particularly, by elastically coupling the blades to a hub plate, the pitch of the blades can be adjusted at high wind speeds, and the pitch control of the blades through compression or tension of the shaft spring. The range can be expanded, and by adjusting the length of the turnbuckle, the pitch control range of the blade can be further extended according to the wind speed of the environment where the wind turbine is installed, so that it can be operated without damage to the mechanical structure even at high wind speed. is about

Wind power generation refers to a device that operates a device such as a turbine with wind power, converts it into mechanical energy, and uses this to produce electricity. Wind energy has recently been in the spotlight as a new and renewable energy, and its demand is gradually increasing worldwide. Winds are widely distributed and constantly regenerated, and the resources are plentiful and clean. Also, since there is no greenhouse gas emission when using it, it is attracting attention as an energy source that can cope with the depletion of fossil energy.

Wind power generators that cause such wind power generation are generally divided into horizontal axis and vertical axis generators. The vertical axis wind generator has the advantage of being simple in structure and easy to maintain without being affected by the wind direction as the blades rotate around the vertical axis, but the efficiency is high. As a problem, horizontal axis wind turbines are widely used, ranging from small to medium-sized generators.

The horizontal axis wind turbine consists of a tower, a nacelle installed at the top of the tower, and a rotating body installed at the tip of the nacelle. The rotating body is provided with a blade, and the nacelle is composed of a gearbox, a generator, and the like.

On the other hand, such a horizontal axis wind power generator has a problem in that the mechanical structure is damaged due to overheating when a strong wind with an excessive wind speed exceeding the rated wind speed blows. In order to prevent this, when a strong wind of excessive wind speed blows, various types of overwind speed control devices are used, such as moving the rotating body and the nacelle away from the wind direction or reducing the number of rotations of the rotating body.

As a technology for such a blade inclination angle control device of a wind power generator, in 'a wind power generator blade inclination angle control device including a rear movable housing (registration number: 10-1528500)', in order to prevent damage due to excessive wind speed, the housing is damaged by the wind. Disclosed is a blade inclination angle adjusting device of a wind power generator that minimizes physical loss by allowing the inclination angle of the blade to be adjusted as it moves backward by the wind turbine.

However, as the housing is moved backward, the sliding member coupled to the feathering shaft of the blade, which is a technical configuration for effectively reducing the shock generated by the excessive wind speed, is limited to the interval of each stopper located on the upper and lower surfaces, so the angle adjustment range of the blade Since there is a limitation in that the range of applicable overwind speed is also limited, the development of new technology is urgently required.

US 10-1528500 B1

The present invention is to solve the above problems, it is possible to adjust the pitch of the blades at high wind speed by elastically coupling the blades to the hub plate, and to extend the pitch control range of the blades through compression or tension of the shaft spring, By adjusting the length of the turnbuckle to further expand the pitch control range of the blades according to the wind speed of the environment in which the wind turbine is installed, it relates to a wind power generator that enables operation without damage to the mechanical structure even at high wind speeds.

According to a feature of the present invention for achieving the above object, the hub plate is located in front of the nacelle of the wind power generator; a connecting plate having one side hinge-coupled to the hub plate and a blade installed on the other side; a rotating shaft connecting the hub plate and the nacelle; a linear bush formed to be movable in the axial direction on the rotating shaft; a shaft spring inserted between the hub plate of the rotary shaft and the linear bush; and a fixing bar connecting the connecting plate and the linear bush to each other so that the elastic force of the shaft spring is transmitted to the connecting plate according to the wind speed to vary the blade engagement angle.

This wind speed interlocking blade type wind power generator further comprises an elastic hinge for deforming the blade engagement angle by an elastic force on the other side of the connecting plate.

The wind speed interlocking blade type wind power generator is characterized in that the fixed angle of the blade is first deformed by the elastic hinge in the low wind speed section, and the fixed angle of the blade is deformed by the shaft spring in the high wind speed section.

The fixing bar of the wind speed interlocking blade type wind power generator is formed as a turnbuckle whose length is deformed when the shaft rotates, and the blade fixing angle is changed according to the wind speed of the installation area.

The present invention by means of solving the above problems, by elastically coupling the blades of the wind power generator, the fixed angle and the rotation radius of the blades are automatically adjusted according to the change in wind speed to prevent overheating of the wind power generator, and to minimize mechanical and physical losses. can

In addition, since the fixed bar is formed as a length-adjustable turnbuckle, the fixed angle and rotation radius of the blade can be set according to the average wind speed of the environment where the wind power generator is installed, so that the power generation efficiency of the wind generator can be improved even in areas with weak wind. have.

Therefore, it is possible to provide a wind power generator capable of generating power under a wide range of wind speed by easy adjustment of the fixed angle and rotation radius of the blade.

1 is a perspective view of a wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a front view of the wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of A of Fig. 2;
Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the shaft spring coupling portion of the wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is an explanatory view showing the blade angle adjustment by the shaft spring.
6 is an explanatory view showing the angle adjustment of the blade by the fixing bar.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings 1 to 4 . On the other hand, in the drawings and detailed description, blade design in general wind power generation, yaw system Illustrations and references to configurations and actions that can be easily understood by those skilled in this field from others have been simplified or omitted. In particular, in the drawings and detailed descriptions, detailed descriptions and illustrations of specific technical configurations and actions of elements not directly related to the technical features of the present invention are omitted, and only the technical configurations related to the present invention are briefly illustrated or described. did.

The wind power generator that can be operated even at high wind speed according to the present invention is a wind power generator capable of adjusting the angle of the blade 40 according to the wind speed, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a tower 10, a nacelle 20, a hub plate ( 30), including a blade (40).

The tower 10 is formed elongated in the vertical direction to support the nacelle 20 from the supporting surface. The nacelle 20 has a rotation shaft 60 of the hub plate 30 to which the blade 40 is coupled, and includes a gearbox and a generator for converting rotational force by the blade 40 into electric power.

The hub plate 30 is configured to be coupled to the blade 40 . The rotation shaft 60 penetrates and is coupled to the center of the hub plate 30 , and the blade 40 is coupled to each surface bent from the center. In the present embodiment, although the hub plate 30 having a shape in which each surface to which the blade 40 is coupled is described has been described, the shape of the hub plate 30 is not limited thereto. At this time, it is preferable that the blade 40 is coupled to the hub plate 30 using the connecting plate 50 as shown in FIG. 2A .

The connecting plate 50 may be composed of a delta hinge 51 and an elastic hinge 52 as shown in FIG. 3 . The delta hinge 51 is formed of a metal material, and is configured to be fixedly coupled to the hub plate 30 . The elastic hinge 52 is formed of an elastic material, and both ends are coupled to the delta hinge 51 and the blade 40, respectively. In this embodiment, the elastic hinge 52 has been described as being inserted into the root of the blade 40 , but any method is possible as long as the blade 40 is elastically coupled by the elastic hinge 52 .

When the wind speed is strong due to this coupling structure, the pitch control is performed so that the angle of the blade 40 is adjusted while the blade 40 is folded forward by the elasticity of the elastic hinge 52 . At this time, the blade 40 and the delta hinge 51 should be designed so that they do not collide with each other and wear out.

Meanwhile, a fixing bar 90 may be further included as a configuration for supporting the blade 40 . Referring to FIG. 4 , one end of the fixing bar 90 is fixed to the delta hinge 51 to which the blade 40 is coupled, and the other end is fixed to the linear bush 80 formed on the rotating shaft 60 .

The linear bush 80 is provided on the rotation shaft 60 between the nacelle 20 and the hub plate 30 and is configured to be linearly moved forward and backward along the rotation shaft 60 .

A shaft spring 70 is provided on the rotation shaft 60 between the linear bush 80 and the hub plate 30 .

A method of changing the fixed angle of the blade in conjunction with the wind speed can be described by dividing it into a low wind speed section and a high wind speed section as shown in FIG. 5 .

The present invention aims to maintain the blade rotation speed by changing the fixed angle of the plate according to the wind speed, and in the low wind speed section, the blade fixing angle is changed depending on the elastic force of the elastic hinge 52, and in the high wind speed section The elastic force of the elastic hinge and the elastic force of the shaft spring are designed so that the blade fixing angle is changed depending on the elastic force of the shaft spring 70 .

Hereinafter, this will be described in detail.

Since the low wind speed section and the high wind speed section are divided based on the wind speed of 9 to 13 m/sec, the wind speed of 9 to 13 m/sec is defined as the reference wind speed.

In the low wind speed section, pitch control is performed by adjusting the angle of the blade 40 by the elasticity of the elastic hinge 52 to maintain the rotational speed of the blade 40 .

As such, the fixed angle of the blade 40 is first deformed by the elastic hinge 52, and then the blade 40 by the shaft spring 70 at a wind speed of 9 to 13 m/sec, which is the boundary range between the low wind speed section and the reference wind speed section. ) the fixed angle change begins.

Within the reference wind speed section, the fixed angle deformation of the blade 40 by the elastic hinge 52 and the fixed angle deformation of the blade 40 by the shaft spring 70 are paralleled, and the blade 40 is fixed by the elastic hinge 52 . After each deformation is maximized, the fixed angle of the blade 40 is deformed only by the shaft spring 70 .

In detail, it is possible to enter into a high wind speed section such as a sudden increase in wind speed while the pitch control is performed by adjusting the angle of the blade 40 by the elasticity of the elastic hinge 52 in the low wind speed section, and can be adjusted with the elastic hinge 52 When the limit value is reached, the linear bush 80 moves toward the hub plate 30 while compressing the shaft spring 70 . At this time, the fixed bar 90 rotates the delta hinge 51 of the connecting plate 50 so that the angle adjustment range of the blade 40 can be wider, and accordingly, the rotation radius of the blade 40 can be adjusted. have.

That is, in the low wind speed section, the pitch control is performed only with the elastic force of the elastic hinge 52 coupled to the blade 40 without tensile or compressive force acting on the shaft spring 70, whereas in the high wind speed section, the blade 40 A strong wind pressure is applied, and the linear bush 80 is linearly moved toward the hub plate 30 while compressing the shaft spring 70 . At this time, the hinge angle of the delta hinge 51 connected to the other end of the fixing bar 90 is adjusted while the fixing bar 90 fixed to the linear bush 80 moves together to support the blade 40, Accordingly, the fixed angle and the rotation radius of the blade 40 are adjusted, so that mechanical and physical losses applied to the blade 40 can be minimized.

When the wind speed returns to the reference wind speed section or the low wind speed section, such as when the wind speed weakens again, the compression force applied to the shaft spring 70 is released and the linear bush 80 moves to the nacelle 20 side, and the fixed bar 90 moves to the delta By returning the hinge 51, the fixed angle of the blade 40 is returned to its original state.

On the other hand, the fixed bar 90 may be formed of a turnbuckle that is deformed in length when the shaft rotates.

A turnbuckle is one of the clamping mechanisms used to clamp a steel rod connected between two points, and it is a device with a screw rod on the left and right and a threaded part connected with a common nut. The male thread on one side is a right-hand thread, and the male thread on the other side is a left-hand thread. When a nut with a female thread is rotated, the two male threads on both sides approach each other, and when the nut is rotated counterclockwise, the two male threads move away from each other. will be transformed

When the fixed bar 90 is formed as a turnbuckle, there is an advantage that the rotational diameter of the blade 40 can be set by setting the length of the fixed bar 90 according to the average wind speed of the place where the wind power generator is installed. Alternatively, even in the same place, in an area where the strength of wind speed varies greatly depending on seasons, etc., the mechanical and physical losses applied to the blade 40 can be minimized by adjusting the length of the fixing bar 90 in advance.

That is, at low wind speed, the length of the fixed bar 90 is set to be short, and accordingly the hinge angle of the delta hinge 51 is adjusted to increase the rotation radius of the blade 40, and at high wind speed, the length of the fixed bar 90 is long. It is set and the hinge angle of the delta hinge 51 is adjusted accordingly, so that the rotation radius of the blade 40 can be reduced.

For example, in the case of being installed in an area where the average low wind speed blows, as shown in FIG. 6 , when the hinge angle of the delta hinge 51 is adjusted by setting the length of the fixing bar 90 to be short, the blade 40 is Fixed angle and turning radius can be adjusted.

Power generation efficiency can be improved by making the blade 40 easy to rotate even in a relatively weak wind by the above-described method. On the other hand, in an area where the wind blows strongly, by setting the length of the fixed bar 90 to be long and adjusting the fixed angle and the rotation radius of the blade 40 through the hinge angle adjustment of the delta hinge 51, the load of the blade 40 increases. The effect can be obtained, and it is possible to prevent overheating of the blade 40 even in strong winds.

Therefore, by adjusting the fixed angle and rotation radius of the blade 40 through the setting of the length of the fixed bar 90 formed as a turnbuckle, overheating of the wind turbine is prevented in a strong windy area, and power generation efficiency in a weak windy area It can be installed in both areas with strong wind speed and areas with weak wind speed. In addition, in an area with a large change in wind speed for each season, there is an effect that power can be generated under a wide range of wind speed by setting the length of the fixed bar 90 in advance according to the season in which strong wind blows and the season in which weak wind blows.

In addition, the wind power generator according to the embodiment of the present invention is preferably provided with a yaw system capable of responding to a yaw error in which the energy utilization is reduced because the rotor rotational surface and the wind direction are not perpendicular to each other due to a change in the wind direction. The wind direction blowing to the wind turbine by the yaw system can always be kept constant.

As described above, although the wind power generator operable even at high wind speed according to the embodiment of the present invention is illustrated according to the above description and drawings, this is merely an example and within the scope not departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications are possible.

10: Tower
20: Nacelle
30: hub plate
40: blade
50: connection plate
51: delta hinge
52: elastic hinge
60: axis of rotation
70: shaft spring
80: linear bush
90: fixed bar

Claims (4)

In the wind power generator provided with a plurality of blades,
a hub plate 30 positioned in front of the nacelle 20 of the wind power generator;
a connecting plate 50 on which one side is hinged to the hub plate 30 and a blade 40 is installed on the other side;
a rotating shaft 60 connecting the hub plate 30 and the nacelle 20;
a linear bush (80) formed to be movable in the axial direction on the rotating shaft (60);
a shaft spring 70 inserted between the hub plate 30 of the rotary shaft 60 and the linear bush 80; and
and a fixing bar 90 connecting the connecting plate 50 and the linear bush 80 to each other.
Wind speed interlocking blade type wind power generator, characterized in that the wind pressure applied to the connecting plate (50) according to the wind speed is transmitted to the shaft spring (70) to change the blade (40) engagement angle. According to claim 1,
Wind speed interlocking blade type wind power generator, characterized in that it further comprises; on the other side of the connecting plate (50), an elastic hinge (52) for deforming the coupling angle of the blade (40) by an elastic force. 3. The method of claim 2,
When a wind speed of 9 to 13 m/sec is set as a reference wind speed, in a wind speed section lower than the reference wind speed, the fixed angle of the blade 40 is first deformed by the elastic hinge 52,
Wind speed interlocking blade type wind power generator, characterized in that the fixed angle of the blade (40) is deformed by the shaft spring (70) in the section of wind speed higher than the reference wind speed. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The fixing bar 90,
Wind speed interlocking blade type wind power generator, characterized in that it is formed as a turnbuckle whose length is deformed when the shaft rotates, and the angle of fixation of the blade 40 is changed according to the wind speed of the installation area.

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