KR20210119924A - An automatic controller of nutrient solution using the ISE sensor and machine learning and a method using thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic nutrient solution supply device and an automatic nutrient solution supply method. The present invention can provide an effect of maintaining the optimal composition of a nutrient solution by calculating the optimal concentration of ions useful for the growth of crops and injecting only the appropriate concentration of ions necessary for the growth of crops.

Description

An automatic controller of nutrient solution using the ISE sensor and machine learning and a method using thereof}

The present invention relates to an automatic nutrient solution supply device and an automatic nutrient solution supply method.

It is common for crops to absorb various ions at different rates depending on the species, growth level, and physiological activity. In general, when preparing a nutrient solution, a large amount of ions consumed by crops are added and a small amount of ions consumed a little is added.

The conventional nutrient solution control system has used an organic material replenishment method, an EC-based undiluted solution supply method, etc., but in the case of the organic material replenishment method, it takes time for bacteria to decompose the organic material, so it is difficult to immediately supply the inorganic material needed by the plant. In addition, in the case of the EC-based undiluted solution supply method introduced to improve this, since the undiluted solution is added based on the EC, the ion ratio of the added portion was constant every time. Nutrients that plants do not absorb well are accumulated and the composition of the nutrient solution is damaged.

For this reason, in the case of the undiluted solution supply method based on EC, it was difficult to solve the problem of having to discard and re-create the entire amount of nutrient solution after a certain period of time because crops did not receive proper nutrient supply. In particular, in the case of Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1775136, which is a prior art, a technology for automatically replenishing a nutrient solution at specific times based on EC is disclosed.

Continuous crop failure refers to a phenomenon in which the quality and yield of crops gradually decrease when the same crop is continuously grown on the same soil. It refers to a problem that occurs because the result is not properly inputted. This phenomenon occurs even when the nutrient solution is automatically supplied. Referring to FIG. 1 , (1) and the optimal graph in FIG. 1 mean the ion ratio of the nutrient solution preferred by the crop. Since the ion absorption rate is different for each ion, there is a difference in the content and ratio of each essential component included in the initially supplied optimal nutrient solution and the essential components included in the nutrient solution after time passes. Since the conventional nutrient solution feeders simply continuously supply the culture solution in the optimal state that was initially supplied, the accumulated concentration and ratio of each essential component become different as time goes by. For example, when the absorption rate of component (A) and component (B) is high and the absorption rate of component (C) is low, despite the state as shown in (2) of FIG. 1, when the optimal nutrient solution is continuously supplied The results of (3) to (5) of (3) to (5) are derived, and ultimately, the state of the nutrient solution is determined by the optimum concentration of each essential component in the nutrient solution (dotted blue line) and the ion component contained in the nutrient solution as shown in (6) of FIG. The problem is that there is an imbalance in the quantity. However, in the prior art, there is no attempt to solve this problem.

That is, the EC and pH-based nutrient solution control systems currently on the market have a problem that they are not free from the above-mentioned problems.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1775136

An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic nutrient solution supply device and an automatic nutrient solution supply method capable of preventing unnecessary ion accumulation and supplying optimal ions useful for crop growth in order to solve the above problems.

The present invention is a culturing unit for growing crops; a reference solution storage unit for storing at least one reference solution component concentration; A first sensor unit for measuring the concentration of the nutrient solution contained in the culture unit, including at least one sensor, and generating a comparative solution component concentration by comparing it with the reference solution component concentration stored in the reference solution storage unit; At least one or more a stock solution storage unit for supplying necessary components to the culture unit while storing the source solution; and a control unit controlling the stock solution storage unit to supply the source solution corresponding to the necessary components required for the culture unit to the culture unit by analyzing the component concentration of the comparative solution provided from the first sensor unit; It provides an automatic nutrient solution supply device for controlling the stock solution storage unit so that the ion overlap of the necessary component does not occur or reduces the ion overlap when the stock solution storage unit supplies the source solution.

In addition, the present invention comprises the steps of calibrating the first sensor unit based on the reference solution component concentration stored in the reference solution storage unit; Measuring the concentration of the nutrient solution component supplied from the first sensor unit from the culture unit; generating a comparative solution component concentration by comparing the reference solution component concentration with the nutrient solution component concentration by the first sensor unit; analyzing, by the control unit, the components necessary for the culture unit by analyzing the concentration of the components of the comparative solution; and supplying the stock solution storage unit to the culture unit corresponding to the necessary components under the control of the control unit, wherein the control unit prevents the ion overlap of the necessary components when the stock solution storage unit supplies the source solution. It provides an automatic nutrient solution supply method for controlling the stock solution storage unit so as not to occur or to reduce ion overlap.

The present invention introduces and uses a calibration sensing method to solve problems such as continuous crop failure caused by the existing automatic nutrient solution supply method that continuously supplies the same concentration of nutrient solution based on EC analysis or pH analysis. It is possible to prevent the accumulation phenomenon and provide an effect capable of solving the problem of ion imbalance in the nutrient solution.

In addition, the present invention can provide the effect of maintaining the optimal composition of the nutrient solution by calculating the optimum ion concentration useful for the growth of crops and injecting only the appropriate concentration of ions necessary for the growth of crops.

Therefore, when the automatic nutrient solution supply device and the automatic nutrient solution supply method of the present invention are used, the problem of continuous cultivation can be solved. It is also desirable in that it can have an economic effect because the facility can be operated semi-permanently through replenishment of the nutrient solution without disposal.

In addition, by separating and storing the high-concentration stock solution, it is possible to combine the nutrient solutions required for various crops, thereby achieving the effect of growing various crops with one facility.

1 is a graph showing the change in the concentration of a necessary component in a nutrient solution controlled by a conventional EC and pH-based nutrient solution control system.
2 is a block diagram of an automatic nutrient solution supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a flowchart of an automatic nutrient solution supply method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a flowchart of a method for calculating the additional required amount of the feedstock in the analysis step of the present invention.
5 is a view showing the state of each configuration controlled through the automatic nutrient solution supply device of the present invention.
6 is a diagram for explaining that the state of the nutrient solution controlled by the automatic nutrient solution supply device of the present invention is maintained in the same state as time passes.

Since the present invention can have various changes and can have various embodiments, specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the detailed description. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to a specific embodiment, it should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents or substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Terms including an ordinal number such as 1st, 2nd, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components are not limited by these terms. These terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

When a component is referred to as 'connected' or 'connected' to another component, it may be directly connected or connected to the other component, but other components may exist in between. It should be understood that there is On the other hand, when it is mentioned that a certain element is 'directly connected' or 'directly connected' to another element, it should be understood that the other element does not exist in the middle.

2 is a block diagram of an automatic nutrient solution supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2 , the automatic nutrient solution supply device includes: a culturing unit 110 for growing crops; a reference solution storage unit 120 for storing at least one reference solution component concentration; a first sensor unit 130 including at least one sensor to measure the concentration of the nutrient solution contained in the culture unit and compare the concentration of the component of the reference solution stored in the reference solution storage unit to generate a component concentration of the comparative solution; a stock solution storage unit 140 for supplying necessary components to the culture unit while storing at least one or more source solutions; and a control unit 150 for controlling the stock solution storage unit to supply the source solution corresponding to the necessary components required for the culture unit to the culture unit by analyzing the component concentration of the comparative solution provided from the first sensor unit.

2, the culture unit 110 includes at least one or more incubators, and the incubator is used for cultivating plants by storing a nutrient solution. In addition, the reference solution storage unit 120 includes at least one reference solution tank containing the reference solution, and stores the reference solution for calibrating the sensor included in the first sensor unit. The reference solution may include a reference solution for calibrating a sensor other than the pH sensor and/or a reference solution for calibrating the pH sensor. Sensors other than the pH sensor may be an ISE sensor, and the ISE sensor may detect ion concentrations such as ^{Ca 2+} , K ⁺ , NH ⁴⁺ , NO ^3- and Mg ^{2+ ions.}

The first sensor unit 130 in FIG. 2 is for sensing the component concentration of the nutrient solution, and may include one or more sensors among an EC sensor, a pH sensor, and an ISE sensor. The first sensor unit measures the nutrient solution component concentration supplied from the crop cultivation culture unit, calibrates the sensor of the first sensor unit using the reference solution, and compares the supplied nutrient solution component concentration based on the reference solution component concentration. The measured values are converted into data and transmitted to the control unit. The first sensor unit may measure the component concentration using a voltage, and the first sensor unit may measure ion concentration, pH concentration, and/or EC information, etc. in more detail, using the measured voltage of the reference solution tank. Calibration can be performed by regressing a function that maps to composition. In this case, when the first sensor unit calibrates the sensor using the reference solution, the calibration may be performed using various regression methods such as linear regression, exponential regression, log regression, and artificial neural network method.

The stock solution storage unit 140 in FIG. 2 includes at least one stock solution tank, and the stock solution containing high concentration ions for supplying the nutrient solution is stored in the stock solution tank. The source solution ^{includes a source solution containing Ca 2+} , a source solution containing K ⁺ , a supply solution ^{containing NO 3} , a source solution ^{containing NH 4+} , a source solution ^{containing Mg 2+} , and the like. do.

The source solution is more specifically, a first source solution containing _{KNO 3 ;} a second source solution comprising Ca(NO ₃ ) _{2 ;} a third feed solution comprising at least one of a KNO _{3 agent and NaFeEDTA;} a fourth feedstock comprising at least one of NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ and MgSO _{4 ;} H ₃ BO ₃ , MnSO ₄ , ZnSO ₄ , CuSO ₄ and Na ₂ MoO ₄ may be at least one source selected from the fifth source solution comprising at least one. The stock solution is separated and stored separately in the stock solution storage unit.

The first source solution is for supplying potassium and nitrate ions in the nutrient solution, and can be measured by a ^{K +} sensor and/or a NO ^{3 sensor among the ISE sensors.} The second supply solution is for supplying calcium and nitrate ions in the nutrient solution, and can be measured by a ^{Ca 2+} sensor and/or a NO ^{3 sensor among the ISE sensors.} The third supply solution is for supplying iron ions, can be replaced with iron sulfate, and can be measured with a ^{K +} sensor and/or a NO ^{3 sensor among the ISE sensors.} The reason that NO ^3- ions are added to the third source solution is to check the composition of the third source solution by measuring the concentration of ^{NO 3} that does not form sediment instead of NaFeEDTA because it is difficult to measure by ISE. . The fourth source solution is for supplying phosphorus and nitrogen in the nutrient solution, and HNO ₃ may be added to serve to control acidity. The fourth source solution may be measured by an ^{NH 4+} sensor and/or a NO ^{3- sensor among the ISE sensors.} The _{reason HNO 3} is included in the fourth source solution is that, unlike other ions, PO ₄ ^4- ions are combined with H ions depending on the surrounding pH and exist in various forms (PO ₄ ^3- ,HPO). ₄ ^2- ,H ₂ PO ₄ ^- ,H ₃ PO ₄ etc.), PO ^{4- Because} of these properties, whenever the temperature around the tank changes, the number of free ions in the tank greatly changes due to the change in pH, which is important for EC measurement. Since there are difficulties, nitric acid is added to keep the environment acidic, so that most ions are combined with hydrogen ions. As described above, when nitric acid is included in the fourth source solution, as a result, EC measurement accuracy can be improved. The fourth source solution may be measured by a ^{Ca 2+} sensor and a NO ^{3- sensor among the ISE sensors.} The fifth feed solution supplies trace elements and magnesium. ^{The concentration can be measured by the Mg 2+} sensor among the ISE sensors, and the fifth source solution includes all ions having a sulfate group. In _{the case of SO 4} ^2- , since it may combine with other ions to form sediment, a component having a sulfuric acid group is included only in the fifth source solution in order to suppress this sediment-forming reaction.

The control unit 150 of FIG. 2 controls the stock solution storage unit so that the ion overlap of the necessary component does not occur or reduces the ion overlap when the undiluted solution storage unit 140 supplies the supply solution supplied to the culture unit. After determining the necessary component to be the ion superposition in the stock solution, it may be controlled through a method of calculating the required amount of the feed solution so that the ion superposition of the necessary component does not occur or reduces the ion superposition.

More specifically, the method of calculating the required amount of the feed solution so that the ion overlap of the necessary component does not occur or the ion overlap is reduced is performed by a method of determining the calculation priority of the necessary component. The method of determining the calculation priority is to set a source solution including a necessary component for ion superposition to occur between necessary parts included in the source solution as an ion superposition generating source solution,

Based on the number of occurrences of ion superposition for necessary minutes included in the ion superposition generation source solution, the minimum ion superposition generation necessary component is set as the highest priority, and the ion superposition generation source component is set as the highest priority, and the required amount of the ion superposition generation source solution is set It may be due to the method of calculation.

However, in addition to the necessary components causing the ion overlap problem, the necessary components required for the culture section and the method of calculating the required amount of the necessary components required in the original nutrient solution and the necessary components causing the ion overlapping problem are as follows.

First, by comparing the concentration of each necessary component in the raw nutrient solution and the nutrient solution introduced from the culture unit, a necessary component having a lower concentration compared to the appropriate concentration in the raw nutrient solution is selected, and in order to supply the selected necessary component in an appropriate amount, the selection It can be done in a way of calculating the required amount by calculating how much more each necessary component needs to be input. In the present specification, the raw nutrient solution means a nutrient solution containing the necessary components required by plants at an appropriate concentration, and before the plants consume the necessary components in the nutrient solution during the culturing process, the initial state in which the necessary components are included at an optimum concentration. it means.

The automatic nutrient solution supply apparatus of FIG. 2 may further include a distribution unit 210 for distributing at least one of the source solution supplied from the mixing tank and the water supplied from the water supply unit to the culture unit. The distribution unit may be a multi-way valve, and the distribution unit may be adjusted so that only the components necessary from the stock solution tank can be supplied to the mixing tank. In the case of the distribution unit, if necessary, it may be appropriately installed in other configurations of the device of the present invention.

The automatic nutrient solution supply device of FIG. 2 may further include a second sensor unit 310 . The second sensor unit generates the source solution data to measure whether the source solution containing high concentration ions stored in the stock solution tank included in the stock solution storage unit 140 is maintained at an appropriate concentration, and the generated supply The raw solution data is transmitted to the control unit. When the control unit receives the supply solution data, it determines whether management is necessary and sends an alarm. The second sensor unit is for sensing the concentration of components of the stock solution, and may include at least one of an EC sensor, a pH sensor, and an ISE sensor.

The automatic nutrient solution supply device of FIG. 2 may further include a water supply unit 410 for controlling the water level by supplying water to the culture unit. The water supply unit serves to improve the insufficient water level to an appropriate level by adding water to the culture unit. In this process, the nutrient solution in the culture unit may be diluted to lower the concentration of components in the nutrient solution.

The automatic nutrient solution supply device of FIG. 2 may further include a mixing tank 510 capable of mixing the stock solution.

3 is a flowchart of an automatic nutrient solution supply method according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Step S201 of FIG. 3 is a step of calibrating the sensor based on the reference solution component concentration in the first sensor unit. The calibration may specifically measure ion concentration, pH concentration, and/or EC information, and may be performed by regressing a function mapping the measured voltage to the composition of the reference solution tank. In the calibrating step, the calibration may be performed using a linear regression method, an exponential regression method, a log regression method, and an artificial neural network method.

In step S202 of FIG. 3, the first sensor unit measures the concentration of the nutrient solution component supplied from the culture unit. When measuring the concentration of the nutrient solution component, a measurement method by voltage may be used. The first sensor unit may use one or more of an EC sensor, a pH sensor, and an ISE sensor.

In step S203 of FIG. 3 , the first sensor unit compares the reference solution component concentration with the nutrient solution component concentration to generate a comparative solution component concentration.

In step S204 of FIG. 3, the control unit analyzes the component concentration of the comparative solution to analyze the necessary components required for the culture unit.

In step S205 of FIG. 3 , it is determined whether an ion overlap problem occurs when supplying the necessary components to the culture unit analyzed in step S204.

If it is determined in step S205 that an ion overlap problem occurs, in step S206, the control unit controls the stock solution storage unit so that ion overlap of a necessary component does not occur or reduces ion overlap when the stock solution storage unit supplies the source solution, If it is not determined that an overlapping problem occurs, the flow advances to step S207 to supply a supply solution corresponding to the necessary components to the culture unit.

The step of controlling the stock solution storage so that the ion overlap of the necessary component does not occur or the ion overlap of the necessary component in step S206 does not occur or the step of controlling the stock solution storage unit to reduce the ion overlap is performed by a method of determining the calculation priority of the necessary component when supplying the analyzed necessary component can

The method of determining the calculation priority is to solve the problem of ion overlap included in the source solution, and the ion overlap problem is that ions included in the plurality of source solutions included in the stock solution storage are overlapped with the source solution. If included and simply supplying the source solution to the culture unit, it means the problem of excessive supply of overlapping ions.

Specifically, the method of determining the calculation priority is to set a source solution including a necessary component for ion superposition to occur during the necessary minutes included in the source solution as the ion superposition generation source solution, and include it in the ion superposition generation source solution Based on the number of occurrences of ion overlap for the necessary period, the minimum necessary component for ion overlap is set as the highest priority component, and the component necessary for the most ion overlap is set as the last priority component,

This may be accomplished by calculating the required amount of each of the ion superposition generation source liquid in the order of the highest priority component to the lowest priority component.

More specifically, NO ^{3 -} ions are included in the first, second, and third feed solutions, and K ⁺ ions are included in the first and third stock solutions. Therefore, when K ⁺ ions, Ca ^{2+ ions, and FeEDTA- ions are simply supplemented as needed, NO 3-} ions, which are counterions overlappingly included in the first, second, and third source solutions, And it means that the problem of excessive supply of ^{K +} ions overlappingly included in the first and third source solutions occurs.

4 is an embodiment of a method for determining the priority of calculation of necessary components in order to solve the above-described ion overlap problem. The method of determining the priority of calculation of the necessary components is to set the source solution including the necessary components in which ion overlap occurs between the necessary components included in the source solution as the source solution for generating the ion overlap,

Based on the number of times ion overlap occurs for the necessary minutes in the ion overlap generation source solution, the necessary component for which the minimum ion overlap occurs is set as the highest priority, and the necessary component for which the most ion overlap occurs is set as the last priority, and the ion overlap This is done in such a way that the required amount of the generated feedstock is calculated. Specifically, the concept used in the method of determining the calculation priority is to analyze the necessary components for ion superposition to occur, classify the components into ion superposition generating components, and generate ion superposition in a source solution containing the components classified as the ion superposition generating components. Set as the source solution. Thereafter, within the necessary components (which may mean ions here) included in the ion overlap generation source solution, the necessary components that do not cause the ion overlap problem are set as the reference necessary components of the highest priority in the calculation priority and supplied It means calculating the required amount of the stock solution. More specifically, in the calculation sequence in the method of determining the calculation priority, the initial required amount for each necessary component is calculated first, and the source solution in which the ion overlap occurs and the source solution in which the ion overlap problem does not occur are divided. Thereafter, among the necessary components (which may mean ions here) included in the source solution for generating ion superposition, the required amount is calculated by giving priority to a source solution containing a necessary component that does not cause an ion superposition problem. In this case, a necessary component in which ion overlap does not occur among the necessary components included in the ion overlap generation source solution is set as the standard of the first priority so that it is calculated as the highest priority (hereinafter referred to as 'first priority'). Thereafter, the ions with the minimum occurrence of overlap between the ion superposition generating source solutions are set as a sub-priority (hereinafter referred to as 'second priority') necessary component. In setting the calculation priority criterion as described above, the calculation priority is set based on the number of overlapping between the supply solutions, and as the number of overlapping increases, the calculation priority is set as a lower priority. That is, the ions that overlap the most are set as the last priority, and the required amount of the supply solution can be calculated based on this.

Specifically, referring to FIG. 4 , in the first step of controlling the stock solution storage unit of S206, the initial required amount of reference ions is calculated. (S501). In the present specification, the reference ion means an essential ion to be included in the nutrient solution optimized for plant growth, and more specifically, the reference ion is K ⁺ , Ca ²⁺ , NO ^3- , NH ⁴⁺ and Mg ²⁺ etc. can be Thereafter, the calculation priority of the reference ions is determined and calculated.

If it is determined whether an ion overlap problem occurs based on the first to fifth source solutions in the present specification, an overlap problem of K ⁺ and NO ³ ions occurs in the first to third source solutions. If necessary, a component having an ion overlap problem in the calculation process may be classified into a component necessary for setting a calculation priority and a necessary component not having an ion overlap problem may be classified into an independent necessary component. According to the above classification criteria, the necessary components for setting the calculation priority that cause the ion overlap problem are K ⁺ and NO ^3- ions, and the independent necessary components that do not cause the ion overlap problem are NH ⁴⁺ , Mg ²⁺ ions. .

^{However, NO 3 -} ions, which cause an ion overlap problem in the above necessary components, are included in the first to third source solutions, and among the necessary components included in the first to third source solutions, ions that do not cause an ion overlap problem are Ca ²⁺ ion, and the Ca ²⁺ ion is set as the first priority ion having the highest priority. Since the ion in which the subsequent overlap occurs is K ⁺ ion, it is set as the second-order ion, and the NO ^3- ion, which is the ion with the most overlap, is set as the last-order to calculate the required amount of the feed solution containing each of the above ions. can

More specifically, referring to the flowchart of FIG. 4 , in the step of calculating the required amount of the feed solution containing the first priority ions, the reference ions become Ca ²⁺ , so it is determined whether the addition of the ^{Ca 2+ component is necessary (S502).} . ^{If the initial required amount of Ca 2+} ions determined in step S502 is 0 or more, the first additional required amount of the second source solution is calculated (S602), and ^{when it is determined in step S502 that Ca 2+} ions are not required, secondary ions ( Hereinafter referred to as 'second order ion'), the process proceeds to step S503 of determining whether additional K ⁺ voice part is required or not.

Specifically, in step S602, i) the first additional required amount of the second source solution is calculated based on the initial required amount of ^{Ca 2+ ions, and ii) NO 3 -} ions included in the first additional required amount of the second source solution ^{Calculate the NO 3} -ion content in the first additional required amount of the second feedstock content. Thereafter, iii) the first addition of the feedstock comprising secondary ions after reducing the ^{NO 3} -ion content in the first additional requirement of the second feedstock calculated in step ii) from ^{the NO 3 -initial requirement} Calculate the required amount.

The reference ion in the step of calculating the additional required amount of the second order ion becomes the K ⁺ ion, and it is determined whether the addition of the ^{K + component is necessary (S503).} If it is determined in step S503 that K ⁺ ions are not needed, the flow advances to step S504 in which it is determined whether the last ion is required to be added, and it is determined whether the addition of NO ³ -component is necessary.

When the K ⁺ component needs to be added, the first additional required amounts of the first and third source solutions are calculated in consideration of the first additional required amounts of the second source solution (S603).

In the step S603, iv) comparing the first required amount NO ^3- or said iii) The step of supplying the secondary stock solution containing the ion content in the required amount first added ^3- NO and the necessary amount calculated in the first K ^+, K ^{+ K +} if the initial requirement is greater, by reducing the initial requirement, the NO ^{3 -} initial requirement or a numerical value equal to the ^{NO 3} content in the first additional requirement of the feedstock containing secondary ions calculated in step iii) above to calculate the correction K ⁺ required amount. After v) when the modified K ⁺ required amount is greater than 0, the concentration of necessary components in the original nutrient solution of the nutrient solution composition currently controlled (the nutrient solution composition may be different for each crop) is determined, and K ⁺ required in the original nutrient solution Calculate the titer of the component by dividing the concentration of FeEDTA ^- ions (based on iron ions in case of replacing iron sulfate) (hereinafter referred to as 'AC proportionality ratio'). vi) Multiplying the AC proportionality by the modified K ⁺ required amount to calculate FeEDTA ⁻ required compared to current K ^{+ required. Let the FeEDTA −} requirement relative to the current K ⁺ requirement be the first additional requirement of the third feedstock. ^{vii) the amount of K +} ions included in the first additional requirement of the third feedstock is subtracted from the K ⁺ initial requirement to calculate a second modified K ^{+ requirement. viii) the amount of NO 3 -} ions included in the first additional requirement of the third feed solution is subtracted from the NO ^{3 -} initial requirement to calculate the modified NO ^{3 -requirement.} _{ix) If the KNO 3} required amount corresponding to ^{the second corrected K +} required amount calculated in step vii) is calculated, this value becomes the first additional required amount of the first feedstock solution.

After calculating the first additional required amount of the first source solution and the first additional required amount of the third source solution, ^{it is determined whether the NO 3} -component, which is the last-order ion, is additionally required (S504). The step S504 is specifically, x) calculates a second corrected NO ^3- required amount to reduce the amount of NO ^3- ions contained in the first feed raw liquid from the edit NO ^3- necessary amount. After the calculation of the additional required amount of the first and second order ions, xi) if the second modified NO ³ -required amount is a positive number in the step S504, the first to third source solution additional required amounts are calculated (S604). In step S604, xii) the second modified NO ^{3 -required amount is proportionally distributed according to the NO 3} concentration of the first source solution, the second source solution, and the third source solution itself, so that the first source solution, the second source solution and It may be to calculate the required amount of correction addition of the third feedstock.

In the present invention, when NH ⁴⁺ and Mg ²⁺ ions among the reference ions are to be further included in the nutrient solution, the additional required amount of the fourth source solution is calculated according to ^{the NH 4+ initial required amount, and Mg 2+} according to the initial required amount The additional required amount of the fifth feedstock can be calculated. The feedstock is supplied according to the required amount of the first to fifth feedstocks calculated through the above-described process.

The automatic nutrient solution supply method of the present invention may be implemented even if some ISE sensors among the ISE sensors are omitted, and in this case, the control target may be controlled based on the composition of necessary components in the original nutrient solution of the nutrient solution composition. Specifically, the required input amount of the reference ion for which the concentration can be accurately known due to the presence of the ISE sensor is first calculated. Thereafter, a method of calculating the (target ion) / (ion with an ion sensor) value in the original nutrient solution composition and taking the value multiplied by the initial required amount of the initially calculated necessary component can be used to indirectly calculate the required amount of ions. have.

In addition, in step S204 of the present invention, the method may further include the step of adjusting the supply order of the source solution by determining whether a sedimentation reaction occurs between the source solution containing the necessary component after the analysis of the necessary component.

In the present invention, when the source solution containing high concentration ions is mixed at the same time, the sediment-forming reaction may proceed by the inter-ionic reaction, and a problem of precipitation of salts that are not soluble in the mixed solution during the mixing process by the sediment-forming reaction may occur. can Accordingly, the step of adjusting the supply order may further include grouping the source liquids that do not cause sedimentation reaction between the source liquids, so that the grouped source liquids can be supplied to the mixing tank. Control the supply order.

Specifically, the first source solution, the second stock solution, and the third source solution (hereinafter referred to as 'the first group source solution') may be simultaneously added, but the first group source solution includes the fourth source solution and the fifth source solution. (hereinafter referred to as 'second group feed solution') may cause denaturation. In addition, although the second group supply liquids can be added simultaneously, there is a risk of denaturation when the second group supply liquid comes into contact with the first group supply liquid. Therefore, when the first group feed solution is supplied, the second group feed solution is not supplied so that the first group feed solution and the second group feed solution are not mixed at the same time, and when the second group feed solution is supplied, the first group feed solution is supplied. Adjust the feeding sequence so that it is not supplied to the group feed solution.

In step S207 of FIG. 3, the supply solution corresponding to the necessary component is supplied to the culture unit in consideration of the result calculated through the steps S204 to S206.

The automatic nutrient solution supply method of the present invention comprises a mixed solution preparation step of preparing a mixed solution by mixing the source solution in a mixing tank before supplying the feed solution to the culture section when the feed solution corresponding to the necessary component is supplied to the culture section may further include.

In addition, the automatic nutrient solution supply method of the present invention may further include the step of adjusting the water level by adding water to the culture unit.

5 is a state display diagram of each configuration controlled through the automatic nutrient solution supply device of the present invention, and is an exemplary view of the display screen of the control unit. The control unit indicates that it is possible to control a plurality of automatic nutrient solution supply devices. The control unit can check the stock solution tank, the air solution tank, and the nutrient solution level and the nutrient solution status of the culture unit, and each configuration can be controlled through the status displayed on the display of the control unit.

6 is a diagram for explaining that the state of the nutrient solution controlled by the automatic nutrient solution supply device of the present invention is maintained in the same state over time. As can be seen in FIG. 5 , the display screen of the control unit may indicate the state of the nutrient solution of a plurality of culture units, and the nutrient solution state of the culture unit controlled by the automatic nutrient solution supply device of the present invention has a constant ratio of necessary components even after time passes. It can be confirmed that it can be maintained.

Claims (9)

a culture unit for growing crops;
a reference solution storage unit for storing at least one reference solution component concentration;
a first sensor unit including at least one sensor to measure the concentration of the nutrient solution contained in the culture unit and to generate a comparative solution component concentration by comparing it with the reference solution component concentration stored in the reference solution storage unit;
a stock solution storage unit for supplying necessary components to the culture unit while storing at least one or more source solutions; and
A control unit for controlling the stock solution storage unit to supply the source solution corresponding to the necessary components necessary for the culture unit to the culture unit by analyzing the component concentration of the comparative solution provided from the first sensor unit;
The control unit controls the stock solution storage unit so that ion overlap of the necessary component does not occur or reduces ion overlap when the stock solution storage unit supplies the source solution,
Automatic Nutrient Supply Device.
The method according to claim 1,
After determining the necessary component that becomes the ion overlap in the source solution supplied to the culture unit, the control unit calculates the required amount of the source solution so that ion overlap of the necessary component does not occur or reduces ion overlap,
Automatic Nutrient Supply Device.
3. The method according to claim 2,
Calculating the required amount of the feed solution so that ion overlap of the necessary component does not occur or reduces the ion overlap is achieved by prioritizing the calculation of the necessary component,
Automatic Nutrient Supply Device.
The method according to claim 1,
The stock solution storage unit includes a first source solution containing _{KNO 3;} a second source solution comprising Ca(NO ₃ ) _{2 ;} a third feed solution comprising at least one of a KNO _{3 agent and NaFeEDTA;} a fourth feedstock comprising at least one of NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ and MgSO _{4 ;} at least one of a fifth source solution comprising at least one of H ₃ BO ₃ , MnSO ₄ , ZnSO ₄ , CuSO ₄ and Na ₂ MoO _{4 ;}
The source solution is stored separately in the stock solution storage unit,
Automatic Nutrient Supply Device.
The method according to claim 1,
a mixing tank for mixing the source solution stored in the stock solution storage unit;
a water supply unit for supplying water to the culture unit to control the water level; and
Which further comprises a distribution unit for distributing at least one of the supply solution supplied from the mixing tank and the water supplied from the water supply unit to the culture unit,
Automatic Nutrient Supply Device.
calibrating the first sensor unit based on the reference solution component concentration stored in the reference solution storage unit;
Measuring the concentration of the nutrient solution component supplied from the first sensor unit from the culture unit;
generating a comparative solution component concentration by comparing the reference solution component concentration with the nutrient solution component concentration by the first sensor unit;
analyzing, by the control unit, the components necessary for the culture unit by analyzing the concentration of the components of the comparative solution; and
Comprising the step of supplying the stock solution storage unit to the culture unit, the supply solution corresponding to the necessary components under the control of the control unit,
The control unit controls the stock solution storage unit so that ion overlap of the necessary component does not occur or reduces ion overlap when the stock solution storage unit supplies the source solution,
Automatic Nutrient Supply Method.
7. The method of claim 6,
Controlling the stock solution storage unit so that the ion overlap of the necessary component does not occur or reduces the ion overlap when the supply solution is supplied,
It is made by a method of determining the calculation priority of the necessary components,
The method of determining the calculation priority is to set a source solution including a necessary component for ion superposition to occur between necessary parts included in the source solution as an ion superposition generating source solution,
Based on the number of occurrences of ion overlap for necessary minutes included in the ion overlap generation source solution, the minimum necessary component for ion overlap is set as the highest priority component, and the component necessary for the most ion overlap generation is set as the last priority component,
calculating the required amount of each of the ion-overlapping generation source liquids in the order of the highest-priority needs to the lowest-priority needs;
Automatic Nutrient Supply Method.
7. The method of claim 6,
The calibration is performed using one or more methods selected from a linear regression method, an exponential regression method, a log regression method, and an artificial neural network method,
Automatic Nutrient Supply Method.
7. The method of claim 6,
That the water supply unit further comprises the step of controlling the water level by supplying water to the culture unit,
Automatic Nutrient Supply Method.

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