KR20210094900A - Apparatus and Method for determining the price of electricity sales for electricity trading - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are an apparatus and a method that allow a power provider to select a power consumer, out of a unilateral or consumer-centered power pricing method in a power transaction between a power consumer and a power provider, thereby having a selling price of electricity determined according to the amount of electric power supplied. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus for determining a selling price of electricity for a power transaction comprises: a demand receiving unit configured to receive the amount of electricity demand from an electricity consumer; a supply receiving unit configured to receive the amount of electricity supply from a renewable energy power plant to the electricity consumer; a storage unit configured to store a unit cost of production and a reference unit price of the renewable energy power plant; and a price-determining unit configured to determine a price of electricity using a ratio between the unit cost of production and the reference unit price and a ratio between the amount of electricity demand and the amount of electricity supply.

Description

Apparatus and Method for determining the price of electricity sales for electricity trading

The present invention relates to a power trading technology, and more particularly, to an apparatus and method for determining a power sale price in a power transaction between a power supplier and a power consumer.

Electricity bills can be reduced by measuring the surplus power sent back to the power supplier's distribution network through small-scale distributed resource power generation facilities in general households in the low-voltage voltmeter. This power trading method is called power offset trading. The conventional power offset transaction is a system that measures the back-transmission power through a power-receiving meter and reduces it from the fee, but currently only small-scale solar installations with a capacity of 1000 kW or less can participate, and such small-scale power cannot actually be connected to the high-voltage distribution network. That is, in the conventional power offsetting transaction, only small-scale photovoltaic facilities can be used, and large-scale photovoltaic power generation operators cannot perform power offsetting transactions.

Currently, energy storage system (ESS)-linked solar power generation operators sell electricity to KEPCO or KPX (Korea Power Exchange) as customers. It sells electricity through a Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) with KEPCO, and sells electricity at an hourly SMP (System Marginal Price) with KPX. These minority sales practices limit the diversity of power providers' customer choices. Accordingly, through market diversification in the future, the diversity of solar power generation operators' choice of customers and transaction fees will be emphasized, but there is no way to optimize the profits of power providers. That is, if electricity is traded in the same way as in the present, the electricity supplier has no choice but to sell electricity at the unit price determined unilaterally or by the consumer.

The present invention has been proposed to solve the above-described problems, and in a power transaction between a power consumer and a power provider, the power provider selects a power consumer and selects a power consumer, deviating from the method of determining the price unilaterally or centered on the power consumer, and according to the amount of power supplied It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for determining a selling price.

An apparatus for determining a power sale price for power transaction according to an embodiment includes: a demand quantity receiving unit configured to receive a power demand amount from a power consumer; a supply amount receiving unit for receiving the amount of power supplied from the renewable energy power plant to the power consumer; a storage unit for storing the production unit price and the standard rate unit price of the renewable energy power plant; and a price determination unit configured to determine a power price by using a ratio between the production unit price and the reference unit price and a ratio between the power demand amount and the power supply amount.

The price determination unit inputs a product of a ratio between the production unit price and the reference price unit price and a ratio between the power demand amount and the power supply amount into a function that outputs a value between a predetermined maximum value and a minimum value according to the input value. You can determine the price of electricity by inputting the calculated value.

The price determination unit may apply a weight to the function based on the power demand amount and the power supply amount.

The function may be an arctangent function.

The price determination unit,

The power price may be determined according to Equation 1 below.

(Equation 1)

here,

pricemax is the maximum base rate unit price,

pricemin is the minimum production unit price,

n is the weight,

.

.

A method for determining a sales price of electricity for a power transaction in an apparatus for determining a sales price of electricity according to an embodiment includes the steps of: storing a unit price of production and a unit price of a reference fee of the renewable energy power plant; receiving power demand from a power consumer; Receiving the power supply amount from the renewable energy power plant to the power consumer; and determining the power price by using a ratio between the production unit price and the reference rate unit price and a ratio between the power demand amount and the power supply amount.

The determining step includes inputting a product of the ratio between the production unit price and the reference fee unit price and the ratio between the power demand amount and the power supply amount into a function that outputs a value between a predetermined maximum value and a minimum value according to the input value By inputting the calculated value, it is possible to determine the power price.

The determining may include applying a weight to the function based on the power demand amount and the power supply amount.

The function may be an arctangent function.

In the determining step, the power price may be determined according to Equation 2 below.

(Equation 2)

here,

pricemax is the maximum base rate unit price,

pricemin is the minimum production unit price,

n is the weight,

The present invention can promote the revitalization of eco-friendly renewable energy business by optimizing supplier-oriented transactions by determining the electricity sales price centered on the power supplier rather than determining the electricity sales price centered on the power consumer.

According to the present invention, the power sales price can be determined in a way that is beneficial to both the power consumer and the power provider by determining the power selling price according to the ratio of the power demand and the power supply.

The present invention prevents the electric power supplier from at least causing damage by not setting the electric power sale price lower than the minimum production unit price even when the electric power sale price is determined according to the ratio of electric power demand and electric power supply, and thus the activation of eco-friendly renewable energy business can be promoted

1 is a diagram illustrating a power trading system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a diagram showing the configuration of a power selling price determination device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a diagram illustrating a graph of an arc tangent (acrtan(x)) function.
4 is a flowchart illustrating a method of determining a sales price of electricity in an apparatus for determining a sales price of electricity according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The above-described objects, features, and advantages will become more apparent through the following detailed description in relation to the accompanying drawings, whereby those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains can easily implement the technical idea of the present invention. There will be. In addition, in the description of the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a known technology related to the present invention may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted. Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a diagram illustrating a power trading system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1 , the power trading system according to the present embodiment includes photovoltaic power plants 110 and 120 , a local power transmission network 130 , a power consumer 140 , and a power selling price determining device 150 .

The photovoltaic power plants 110 and 120 collect light energy from the sun, convert the light energy into electrical energy and output the photovoltaic power generation source 110 , and store the power generated by the photovoltaic power source 110 . And it includes an energy storage device (ESS: Energy Storage System) 120 for discharging to the system.

The photovoltaic power source 110 may include a photovoltaic panel, an inverter, and the like. The photovoltaic power source 110 may convert the power produced by the photovoltaic panel into an AC voltage through an inverter and supply it directly to the local power transmission network 130 , or use the power generated from the photovoltaic panel into the energy storage device 120 . can be stored in Preferably, the power generated from the photovoltaic power generation source 110 is once stored in the energy storage device 120 and then, if necessary, to the power system through the energy storage device 120, that is, to the local power grid 130 in this embodiment. is supplied

The energy storage device 120 is a system that increases energy efficiency by supplying power generated from the photovoltaic power generation source 110 to the power system, that is, the local power transmission network 130 or storing active power as needed. As shown in FIG. 1 , the energy storage device 120 includes a Power Conversion System (PCS) 121 , a battery 122 , an Energy Management System (EMS) 123 , and a battery. and a Battery Management System (BMS) 124 .

The power conversion system (PCS) 121 receives power from the energy storage device 120 and stores it in the battery 122 or discharges it to the power system, that is, the local power grid 130. It is a system that converts voltage, AC/DC). For example, the power conversion system 121 converts (eg, DC-DC conversion, or DC-AC conversion) the voltage of power produced by the solar power source 110 and stores it in the battery 122 , and also the battery When the power stored in 120 is supplied to the power system, direct current is converted into alternating current.

The battery 122 stores power output from the power conversion system 121 and outputs the stored power to the power conversion system 121 as necessary. Battery 122 is, for example, a lithium battery.

The energy management system (EMS) 123 controls the amount and time of charging and discharging of the energy storage device 120 through the control of the power conversion system 121 and the battery management system 124 . The energy management system 123 may be implemented as software, stored in a memory, and executed by a processor. Preferably, the energy management system 123 is interlocked with sensors and measuring equipment to analyze charge/discharge data of the energy storage device 120 and control the energy storage device 120 to operate with optimum efficiency.

In this embodiment, the energy management system 123 controls the charging and discharging of the battery 122 according to the output ratio to the maximum capacity of the power conversion system 121 according to the input of the manager. Preferably, the ratio is suitably 75%. That is, the energy management system 120 stores some of the power produced by the photovoltaic power generation source 110 in the battery 122 and the rest when the output ratio of the maximum capacity of the power conversion system 121 is 75% or more. Electric power is released and sold to the local power grid 130, and when the ratio is less than 75%, all of the power produced by the solar power generation source 110 and the power stored in the battery 122 are emitted to the local power grid 130 together. Sell.

The energy storage device 120 includes a wired/wireless communication module and has a communication function. The energy storage device 120 , preferably the energy management system 123 , transmits the amount of power supplied and sold to the local power transmission network 130 to the power selling price determining device 150 through a communication function. Alternatively, a smart meter is connected to the energy storage device 120 , and the smart meter measures the amount of power supplied to the energy storage device 120 , specifically, the power conversion system 121 through the power conversion system 121 to the local power transmission network 130 to measure the electricity selling price. It may be transmitted to the determination device 150 .

The battery management system (BMS) 124 monitors status information of the battery 122 and controls the battery 122 . The battery management system 124 may measure a state of charge (SOC) or state of health of the battery 122 , monitor abnormality, and report it to the energy management system 123 .

The local power transmission network 130 is a 154 kV power transmission network in this embodiment and delivers the power supplied from the photovoltaic power plants 110 and 120 to power consumers such as industrial complexes, factories, and buildings. In the present embodiment, a 154kV power transmission network is exemplified, but is not limited thereto, and may include all of the power transmission networks connecting the photovoltaic power plants 110 and 120 and power consumers. In addition, although industrial complexes, factories, buildings, etc. are exemplified as electricity consumers, electricity transactions may be made for various electricity consumers.

The power selling price determining device 150 determines the price of power traded between the photovoltaic power plants 110 and 120 and the power consumer 140 . The power selling price determination device 150 receives the power demand amount of the power consumer 140, and also receives the power supply amount supplied to the power consumer 140 from the solar power plants 110 and 120, for example, a smart meter. do. The power selling price determining device 150 determines the power selling price by using the ratio between the unit price of production and the standard price of the solar power plants 110 and 120 and the ratio between the power demand and the power supply. This will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 2 .

2 is a diagram showing the configuration of a power selling price determination device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The power selling price determination device 150 includes a memory, a memory controller, one or more processors (CPU), a peripheral interface, an input/output (I/O) subsystem, a display device, an input device, and a communication circuit. These components communicate via one or more communication buses or signal lines. The various components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both hardware and software, including one or more signal processing and/or application specific integrated circuits. The memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include one or more magnetic disk storage devices, non-volatile memories such as flash memory devices, or other non-volatile semiconductor memory devices. In some embodiments, the memory is a storage device located remotely from one or more processors, such as communication circuitry, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network (LAN), a wide LAN (WLAN), a storage area network (SAN), etc.; or a network attached storage device accessed via a communication network (not shown), such as a suitable combination thereof. Access to the memory by other components of the mobile terminal, such as the processor and peripheral interface, may be controlled by the memory controller. The peripheral interface connects the input/output peripheral device of the power selling price determination device 150 to the processor and the memory. One or more processors execute various software programs and/or instruction sets stored in the memory to perform various functions for the power selling price determination device 150 and process data. The I/O subsystem provides an interface between an input/output peripheral device of the power selling price determination device 150 , such as a display device and an input device, and a peripheral interface. The processor is a processor configured to perform an operation related to the power selling price determining device 150 and to execute instructions, for example, input and output between components of the power selling price determining device 150 using instructions retrieved from a memory. You can control the reception and manipulation of data. In some embodiments, the software component is loaded (installed) in memory with an operating system, a graphics module (instruction set), and an application (instruction set). The operating system may be, for example, a built-in operating system such as Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, OS X, WINDOWS or VxWorks, Android, etc., and performs general system tasks (eg, memory management, storage various software components and/or devices that control and manage device control, power management, etc.), and facilitate communication between the various hardware and software components. As shown in FIG. 1 , the power selling price determining unit 150 includes a demand quantity receiving unit 210 , a supply quantity receiving unit 220 , a storage unit 230 , and a price determining unit 240 , which are implemented as a program. may be stored in a memory and executed by a processor, or may be implemented and executed by the hardware and software described above.

The demand amount receiving unit 210 may receive the power demand amount from the power consumer 140 . The demand receiving unit 210 may periodically receive the power demand for each time period, or may receive the power demand in real time.

The supply amount receiving unit 220, the solar power plant (110, 120), for example, from the energy storage device 123 of the photovoltaic power plant (110, 120) or from a smart meter to the local power grid 130, power for each time period supplied The supply amount may be received periodically, or the power supply amount may be received in real time.

The storage unit 230 stores the production unit price of the solar power plants 110 and 120 and the standard unit price of electricity sales. Here, the production unit price includes a minimum production unit price and an average production unit price. In addition, the base rate unit price includes a maximum price and a minimum price as a price list, and prices in various stages in between. The unit price may mean, for example, a price per kW. Preferably, the standard rate unit price may be a rate table distributed by Korea Electric Power Corporation. The power selling price determining device 150 may receive the production unit price and the standard rate unit price from the manager through the input device and store it in the storage unit 230, or through a communication network between the operators of the solar power plants 110 and 120 and Korea It can be received from the power system.

The price determination unit 240 determines the electricity sales price by using the ratio between the unit price of production and the unit price stored in the storage unit 230 and the ratio between the amount of power demanded and the amount of power supplied. More specifically, the price determination unit 240 may determine the electricity sales price according to the following (Equation 1).

(Equation 1)

here,

pricemax is the maximum base rate unit price,

pricemin is the minimum production unit price,

n is the weight,

.

.

Referring to (Equation 1), the electricity sales price is calculated using an arctangent function. 3 is a diagram showing a graph of the arc tangent (acrtan(x)) function. As shown in FIG. 3 , the maximum value of the y value of the arctangent function is π/2 and the minimum value is -π/2. That is, the y value of the arc tangent function does not increase infinitely but converges to a constant value. Therefore, when the arc tangent function is used as in Equation 1 above, the electricity sales price does not increase infinitely and does not increase beyond a certain value.

In (Equation 1), the constant 'π/2' and the rightmost constant term price _min allow the maximum value of the electricity sales price to be _{price max.} That is, the value of R ^t _m, no matter how large, and the maximum value of arctan (R ^t _m) is π / 2, a constant in the value 'π / 2' is when multiplied by the (equation 1) is finally price _max only remains Therefore, the maximum value of the electricity sales price _{is limited to price max} , that is, the maximum standard rate unit price. In addition, ^{even if arctan(R t} _m ) becomes small, it is possible to maintain the electricity sales price above the minimum production unit _{price by the rightmost constant term price min .}

(Equation 1) uses an arctangent function, but is not limited thereto, and a function in which a maximum value and a maximum value are determined even if an input value increases may be used. However, since the present invention determines the electricity sales price from the point of view of the supplier rather than the point of the consumer, it is preferable to use the arc tangent function representing the upward convex curve in the first quadrant of FIG. 3 .

In (Equation 1), ^{the value of R t} _m is a value obtained by multiplying the ratio between the production unit price and the reference rate unit price and the ratio between the power demand amount and the power supply amount. That is, when the quantity demanded increases, ^{the value of R t} _m increases and the electricity sales price increases. Conversely, when the quantity demand ^{decreases, the value of R t} _m decreases and the electricity sales price decreases. In addition, when the quantity demanded is fixed, when the power supply increases, ^{the value of R t} _m decreases and the electricity sales price decreases, and when the power supply decreases, ^{the value of R t} _m increases and the electricity sales price increases. In addition, when the production unit price decreases, the electric power selling price increases, which gives more benefits to the electric power provider.

In (Equation 1), the exponent applied to the arc tangent function is a weight, and the value of the index can be determined based on the power demand and the power supply, for example, according to the ratio of the power demand and the power supply, Alternatively, the index may be set low if too much benefit is given to the power provider, and the index may be set high if it is necessary to provide an appropriate benefit to the power provider. The price determination unit 240 sets the index according to a predetermined policy.

4 is a flowchart illustrating a method of determining a sales price of electricity in an apparatus for determining a sales price of electricity according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4 , in step S401 , the power selling price determining device 150 stores the unit price of production of the photovoltaic power plants 110 and 120 and the standard unit price of power sales in the storage unit 230 . Here, the production unit price includes a minimum production unit price and an average production unit price. In addition, the base rate unit price includes a maximum price and a minimum price as a price list, and prices in various stages in between. The unit price may mean, for example, a price per kW. Preferably, the standard rate unit price may be a rate table distributed by Korea Electric Power Corporation. The power selling price determining device 150 may receive the production unit price and the standard rate unit price from the manager through the input device and store it in the storage unit 230, or through a communication network between the operators of the solar power plants 110 and 120 and Korea It can be received from the power system.

In step S402 , the power selling price determination device 150 may receive the power demand amount from the power consumer 140 . The power selling price determination device 150 may periodically receive the power demand for each time period, or may receive the power demand in real time. The power selling price determination device 150 may receive the power demand amount from the computing device of the power consumer 140 through a wired/wireless communication network.

In step S403, the power selling price determining device 150 is the solar power plant (110, 120), for example, from the energy storage device 123 of the photovoltaic power plant (110, 120) or from the smart meter to the local power transmission network (130) Receive the amount of power supplied by The power selling price determination device 150 may periodically receive the power supply amount for each time period, or may receive the power supply amount in real time.

In step S404 , the power selling price determining device 150 determines the power selling price by using the ratio between the production unit price and the reference price stored in the storage unit 230 and the ratio between the power demand amount and the power supply amount. . More specifically, the power selling price determining device 150 may determine the power selling price according to Equation 1 above. The power sales price determination device 150 calculates an exponent applied to the arc tangent function in determining the power sales price according to (Equation 1), based on the power demand amount and the power supply amount, for example, power It can be set according to the ratio of the demand and power supply, or it can be set according to a predetermined policy.

According to the present invention described above, it is possible to activate the eco-friendly renewable energy business by optimizing the supplier-oriented transaction by determining the electricity sales price centered on the power supplier rather than determining the electricity sales price centered on the power consumer. In addition, according to the present invention, the power sales price can be determined in a way that is beneficial to both the power consumer and the power provider by determining the power sales price according to the ratio of the power demand and the power supply. In addition, the present invention prevents the electric power supplier from at least causing damage by not setting the electric power sale price lower than the minimum production unit price even when the electric power sale price is determined according to the ratio of electric power demand and electric power supply, so that the eco-friendly renewable energy business is activated can promote In addition, the power supplier can select the one with the highest electricity sales price among a plurality of demand sources and sell electricity, thereby maximizing profits.

In the above, solar power generation is exemplified as a renewable energy, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the same may be applied to other renewable energy such as wind power generation associated with an energy storage device (ESS).

While this specification contains many features, such features should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention or the claims. Also, features described in individual embodiments herein may be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features described herein in a single embodiment may be implemented in various embodiments individually, or may be implemented in appropriate combination.

Although acts have been described in the drawings in a specific order, it should not be understood that the acts are performed in the specific order as shown, or that all of the described acts are performed in a continuous order, or to obtain a desired result. . Multitasking and parallel processing can be advantageous in certain circumstances. In addition, it should be understood that the division of various system components in the above-described embodiments does not require such division in all embodiments. The program components and systems described above may generally be implemented as a package in a single software product or multiple software products.

The method of the present invention as described above may be implemented as a program and stored in a computer-readable form in a recording medium (CD-ROM, RAM, ROM, floppy disk, hard disk, magneto-optical disk, etc.). Since this process can be easily performed by a person skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains, it will not be described in detail any more.

The present invention described above, for those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains, various substitutions, modifications and changes are possible without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. It is not limited by the drawing.

110: solar power source
120: energy storage device
121: power conversion system (PCS)
122: battery
123: Energy Management System (EMS)
124: Battery Management System (BMS)
130: regional power grid
140: power consumer
150: power sales price determination device

Claims (11)

An apparatus for determining a sales price of electricity for electricity trading, the apparatus comprising:
a demand receiving unit for receiving the demand for power from the power consumer;
a supply amount receiving unit for receiving the amount of power supplied from the renewable energy power plant to the power consumer;
a storage unit for storing the production unit price and the standard rate unit price of the renewable energy power plant; and
and a price determination unit configured to determine a power price using a ratio between the production unit price and the reference unit price and a ratio between the power demand amount and the power supply amount. The method of claim 1,
The price determination unit,
In a function that outputs a value between a predetermined maximum value and a minimum value according to an input value, input the product of the ratio between the production unit price and the reference price unit price and the ratio between the power demand amount and the power supply amount, and input the calculated value to determine the price of electricity. 3. The method of claim 2,
The price determination unit,
Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a weight is applied to the function based on the power demand amount and the power supply amount. 4. The method of claim 3,
wherein the function is an arctangent function. 5. The method of claim 4,
The price determination unit,
A device characterized in that the power price is determined according to Equation 1 below.
(Equation 1)

here,
pricemax is the maximum base rate unit price,
pricemin is the minimum production unit price,
n is the weight,

. A method for determining the sales price of electricity for electricity transaction in the electricity sales price determination device,
storing a production unit price and a standard rate unit price of the renewable energy power plant;
receiving power demand from a power consumer;
Receiving the power supply amount from the renewable energy power plant to the power consumer; and
and determining an electricity price by using a ratio between the production unit price and the reference unit price and a ratio between the power demand amount and the power supply amount. 7. The method of claim 6,
The determining step is
In a function that outputs a value between a predetermined maximum value and a minimum value according to an input value, input the product of the ratio between the production unit price and the reference price unit price and the ratio between the power demand amount and the power supply amount, and input the calculated value to determine the electricity price. 8. The method of claim 7,
The determining step is
Method of applying a weight to the function based on the power demand amount and the power supply amount. 9. The method of claim 8,
The method of claim 1, wherein the function is an arctangent function. 10. The method of claim 9,
The determining step is
A method characterized in that the power price is determined according to Equation 2 below.
(Equation 2)

here,
pricemax is the maximum base rate unit price,
pricemin is the minimum production unit price,
n is the weight,

A computer program recorded on a recording medium as a computer program for executing the method according to any one of claims 6 to 10 through a computer system.

Images