KR20210076625A - Organic light emitting diode display including solar cell - Google Patents

Abstract

According to one embodiment of the present invention, provided is an organic light emitting diode display having a solar cell, which includes: an organic light emitting layer including an organic light emitting element; an organic solar cell layer coupled to a lower surface of the organic light emitting layer; a polarizing layer coupled to one surface of the organic solar cell layer; and an encapsulation layer coupled to the upper surface of the organic light emitting layer.

Description

Organic light emitting diode display having a solar cell {ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DIODE DISPLAY INCLUDING SOLAR CELL}

The present invention relates to an organic light emitting diode display having a solar cell.

Recently, as society enters the information age in earnest, interest in information displays that process and display a large amount of information is heightened, and as the demand to use portable information media increases, the display field has developed rapidly. In response to this, various light and thin flat panel display devices have been developed and are in the spotlight.

Specific examples of such a flat panel display device include a liquid crystal display device (LCD), a plasma display panel device (PDP), a field emission display device (FED), and an electroluminescence display device. (Electroluminescence Display device; ELD), Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLED display), etc. are mentioned, and these flat panel display devices show excellent performance of thinness, light weight, and low power consumption. ; CRT) is rapidly being replaced.

The organic light emitting diode display has high luminance and low operating voltage characteristics. In addition, since it is a self-luminous type that emits light by itself, the contrast ratio is large, it is possible to implement an ultra-thin display, and it is easy to implement a moving image with a response time of several microseconds (㎲), there is no limitation of the viewing angle, and it is stable even at low temperature. and it is driven with a low voltage of 5 to 15 V of DC, so it is easy to manufacture and design a driving circuit. In addition, since the manufacturing process of the organic light emitting device is simple, there is an advantage in that the production cost can be greatly reduced compared to the conventional liquid crystal display device.

The inventor of the present invention has researched for a long time on a multifunctional organic light emitting diode display and has completed the present invention after trial and error.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a multifunctional organic light emitting diode display.

Other objects not specified in the present invention will be further considered within the scope that can be easily inferred from the following detailed description and effects thereof.

According to an aspect of the present invention, an organic light emitting layer comprising an organic light emitting device; an organic solar cell layer coupled to a lower surface of the organic light emitting layer; a polarizing layer coupled to one surface of the organic solar cell layer; and an encapsulation layer coupled to the upper surface of the organic light emitting layer, an organic light emitting diode display having a solar cell is provided.

The polarizing layer may include a polarizing film coupled to a lower surface of the organic solar cell layer.

The polarization layer may be integrally formed with the organic solar cell layer, and the polarization layer may be coupled to a lower surface of the organic light emitting layer.

The polarizing layer may be integrally formed with the organic solar cell layer, and the polarizing layer may include a plurality of parallel metal lines formed on the electrodes of the organic solar cell layer.

The polarizing layer is integrally formed with the organic solar cell layer, the polarizing layer is a transparent conductive film laminated on the transparent substrate of the organic solar cell layer; and a plurality of parallel metal lines formed on the transparent conductive film.

A protective film layer coupled to the lower surface of the organic solar cell layer may be further included.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, an organic light emitting diode display capable of generating power is provided.

On the other hand, even if it is an effect not explicitly mentioned herein, it is added that the effects described in the following specification expected by the technical features of the present invention and their potential effects are treated as described in the specification of the present invention.

1 is a view showing an organic light emitting diode display including a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 to 5 are views showing various detailed configurations of FIG. 1 .
6 is a view showing an organic light emitting diode display including a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a view showing a detailed configuration of FIG. 6 .
8 is a view showing a polarizing structure of the present invention.
9 and 10 are views showing an example in which the polarizing structure of FIG. 8 is applied to FIG. 6 .
11 is a view showing the principle of the solar cell and the organic light emitting diode of the present invention.
12 is a view showing the structure of the organic light emitting layer of the present invention.
It is revealed that the accompanying drawings are exemplified by reference for understanding the technical idea of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

In the description of the present invention, if it is determined that the subject matter of the present invention may be unnecessarily obscured as it is obvious to those skilled in the art with respect to related known functions, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The terms used in the present application are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present application, terms such as “comprise” or “have” are intended to designate that a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification exists, but one or more other features It should be understood that this does not preclude the existence or addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

Hereinafter, an organic light emitting diode display including a solar cell according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and in the description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the same or corresponding components are given the same reference numerals, A duplicate description will be omitted.

1 is a view showing an organic light emitting diode display including a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. 11 is a view showing the principle of the solar cell and the organic light emitting diode of the present invention. 12 is a view showing the structure of the organic light emitting layer 100 of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 , an organic light emitting diode display including a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an organic light emitting layer 100 , an organic solar cell layer 200 , a polarization layer 300 and an encapsulation layer 400 . may include.

The organic light emitting layer 100 is a layer including an organic light emitting diode (OLED) emitting light. The color realization of the display becomes possible through the combination of red, green, and blue emitted from the organic light emitting diode.

The organic light emitting device includes an anode electrode (anode) 110 , a cathode electrode (cathode) 120 , and an organic thin film 130 .

The anode electrode 110 may be implemented as a transparent electrode, and may be formed of a transparent and conductive material. The anode electrode 110 is at least one selected from ITO (Induim Tin Oxide), ITO / Ag, ITO / Ag / ITO, ITO / Ag / IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide), ATD (ITO / Ag alloy / ITO) and its equivalents One may be formed, but the material of the anode electrode 110 is not limited in the present invention.

The cathode electrode 120 may be formed of a conductive material or may be formed of a metal. The cathode electrode 120 may be at least one selected from Al, MgAg alloy, MgCa alloy, and equivalents thereof, but the material of the cathode electrode 120 is not limited in the present invention.

On the other hand, for the top emission type of the organic light emitting layer 100, the thickness of the cathode electrode 120 may be extremely thin. In addition, in order to realize a transparent organic light emitting device, the cathode electrode 120 may also be implemented as a transparent electrode.

The organic thin film 130 is disposed between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode, and the anode electrode 110 , the organic thin film 130 , and the cathode electrode 120 form a sandwich structure. The organic thin film 130 is made of a plurality of films, and the thickness of the film may be a nano size. At least one layer of the organic thin film 130 may be made of a low molecular weight polymer.

The organic thin film 130 is an emission layer (EML) that emits light by combining electrons and holes to form an exciton, an electron injection layer (EIL) for injecting electrons, and hole injection for injecting holes It may include a hole injection layer (HIL), an electron transport layer (ETL) that transports electrons, and a hole transport layer (HTL) that transports holes. The light emitting layer is made of an organic material, and may emit one of red, green, and blue light.

In terms of the flow of electrons, it becomes a coherent circuit such as cathode electrode - electron injection layer (EIL) - electron transport layer (ETL) - light emitting layer (EML) - hole transport layer (HTL) - hole injection layer (HIL) - anode electrode.

Referring to Figure 11 (a), when power is supplied from the organic light emitting device, electrons move from the cathode electrode to the organic thin film, and move to the light emitting layer with the help of the electron transport layer. In addition, in the anode electrode, holes are moved to the light emitting layer with the help of the hole transport layer. The electrons and holes met in the light emitting layer combine to form an excitation, and as the exciton falls to a low energy state, energy is emitted and light of a specific wavelength is generated.

Referring to FIG. 12 , the organic light emitting layer 100 may include a substrate S1 , and the above-described organic light emitting device may be implemented in a manner in which it is stacked on the upper surface of the substrate S1 .

The substrate S1 may have an upper surface and a lower surface parallel to each other, and a thickness between the upper surface and the lower surface may be about 0.05 to 1 mm. The substrate S1 may be formed of any one selected from a glass substrate, a plastic substrate, a metal substrate, a polymer substrate, and the like, and may be made of a transparent material, but the present invention is not limited to such a substrate material.

For example, the substrate S1 may be formed of transparent polyimide (PI), and when formed of polyimide, the organic light emitting layer 100 may be bent.

Referring to FIG. 12 , the organic light emitting layer 100 may further include a buffer layer B, a semiconductor layer 140 , a gate electrode 150 , a source/drain electrode 170 , and insulating layers 161 , 162 , and 180 . can

The buffer layer (B) may be formed on the upper surface of the substrate (S1). This buffer layer (B) serves to prevent moisture (H ₂ O), hydrogen (H ₂ ), or oxygen (O ₂ ) from penetrating through the substrate S1 toward the semiconductor layer 140 or the organic light emitting device. do To this end, the buffer layer (B) may be formed _{of at least one selected from a silicon oxide film (SiO 2} ), a silicon nitride film (Si ₃ N ₄ ), an inorganic film, and the like, which can be easily formed during a semiconductor process, but these materials is not intended to limit the present invention. Of course, the buffer layer B may be omitted depending on the structure of the semiconductor layer 140 .

The semiconductor layer 140 may be formed on the upper surface of the buffer layer (B). The semiconductor layer 140 is a thin film transistor, and may include source/drain regions 142 formed on opposite sides of each other and a channel region 144 formed between the source/drain regions 142 .

Such thin film transistors include amorphous Si thin film transistors, poly Si thin film transistors, organic thin film transistors, micro Si (silicon having a grain size between amorphous silicon and polycrystalline silicon) thin film transistors, and equivalents thereof. It may be formed of at least one selected from among, but the type of the thin film transistor is not limited in the present invention.

The gate electrode 150 applies an electric field to the channel region 144 of the semiconductor layer 140 so that a channel of holes or electrons is formed in the channel region 144 , and this structure is called a Field Effective Transistor (FET). And, referring to the structure of the present invention in more detail, it is called MOS-FET (Metal Oxide Silicon Field Effective Crystalization). In addition, the gate electrode 150 is formed of at least one selected from a metal catalyst (Mo, MoW, Ti, Cu, Al, AlNd, Cr, Mo alloy, Cu alloy, Al alloy, etc.), doped polycrystalline silicon, and equivalents thereof. However, the material is not limited here.

A gate insulating layer 161 may be formed between the semiconductor layer 140 and the gate electrode 150 . In this case, the gate electrode 150 may be formed on the gate insulating layer 161 corresponding to the channel region 144 of the semiconductor layer 140 . The gate insulating film 161 may be formed of at least one selected from a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, an inorganic film, or an equivalent thereof, but the material thereof is not limited here.

An interlayer insulating layer 162 , which is another insulating layer, may be formed on the gate electrode 150 and the gate insulating layer 161 . The interlayer insulating film 162 may be formed of at least one selected from a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, an inorganic film, or an equivalent thereof, but the material thereof is not limited here.

The source/drain electrodes 170 are formed on the upper surface of the interlayer insulating film 162 by, for example, any one method selected from plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD), sputtering, and equivalent methods. do.

The source/drain electrodes 170 may be formed on the upper surface of the interlayer insulating layer 162 . Also, a conductive contact 176 passing through the interlayer insulating layer 162 may be formed between the source/drain electrode 170 and the semiconductor layer 140 . That is, the source/drain region 142 of the semiconductor layer 140 and the source/drain electrode 170 are electrically connected to each other by the conductive contact 176 . In addition, the source/drain electrode 170 may be formed of the same metal material as the gate electrode 150 , but the material is not limited here.

Meanwhile, the semiconductor layer 140 (ie, thin film transistor) as described above may be defined as a coplanar structure. However, the semiconductor layer 140 disclosed in the present invention is not limited to a coplanar structure, and has an inverted coplanar structure, a staggered structure, an inverted staggered structure, and the like. At least one selected from among equivalent structures is possible, and the structure of the semiconductor layer 140 is not limited in the present invention.

The insulating layer 180 may be formed on the top surfaces of the source/drain electrodes 170 and the interlayer insulating layer 162 . The insulating film 180 may again include a passivation film 182 and a planarization film 184 formed on the upper surface of the passivation film 182 .

The passivation layer 182 covers the source/drain electrode 170 and the interlayer insulating layer 162 , and serves to protect the source/drain electrode 170 and the like. Of course, via holes are formed in advance in the passivation layer 182 and the planarization layer 184 by etching a region corresponding to the source/drain electrode 170 . A conductive via 186 is subsequently formed in these via holes. The conductive via 186 serves to electrically connect the anode electrode 110 of the organic light emitting device 100 and the source/drain region 142 of the semiconductor layer 140 .

The organic solar cell layer 200 is a layer including an organic solar cell that generates electric power by receiving light, and is coupled to the lower surface of the organic light emitting layer 100 . The organic solar cell may be implemented in various ways, such as a dye-sensitized solar cell, a perovskite solar cell, and a quantum dot solar cell.

Referring to FIG. 11B , the organic solar cell may have a structure similar to that of the organic light emitting device. Compared with FIG. 11A , the light emitting layer is replaced with a light absorbing layer (light absorbing polymer, light absorption polymer, or photoactive layer), so that electrons can be emitted as the light absorbing layer absorbs light.

The organic solar cell includes an anode electrode (anode) 210 , a cathode electrode (cathode) 220 , and an organic material layer 230 .

The anode electrode 210 may be implemented as a transparent electrode, and may be formed of a transparent and conductive material. The anode electrode 210 is at least any one selected from ITO (Induim Tin Oxide), ITO / Ag, ITO / Ag / ITO, ITO / Ag / IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide), ATD (ITO / Ag alloy / ITO) and its equivalents One may be formed, but the material of the anode electrode 210 is not limited in the present invention.

The cathode electrode 220 may be formed of a conductive material or may be formed of a metal. The cathode electrode 220 may be at least one selected from Al, MgAg alloy, MgCa alloy, and equivalents thereof, but the material of the cathode electrode 220 is not limited in the present invention. Meanwhile, the cathode electrode 220 may also be implemented as a transparent electrode.

The organic layer 230 includes a light absorption layer, an electron injection layer (EIL) for injecting electrons, a hole injection layer (HIL) for injecting holes, and an electron transporting layer (ETL) for transporting electrons. ), and a hole transporting layer (HTL) for transporting holes. At least one layer of the organic material layer may be formed of a low molecular weight polymer.

The organic solar cell layer 200 may further include a substrate S2 , and the above-described solar cells may be implemented in a manner in which they are stacked on the substrate S2 .

The substrate S2 may have an upper surface and a lower surface parallel to each other, and a thickness between the upper surface and the lower surface may be about 0.05 to 1 mm. The substrate S2 may be formed of any one selected from a glass substrate, a plastic substrate, a metal substrate, a polymer substrate, and the like, and may be made of a transparent material, but the present invention is not limited to the substrate material.

2 to 5 are views showing various detailed configurations of FIG. 1 .

Referring to FIG. 2 , the cathode electrode 220 of the organic solar cell layer 200 may be located close to the anode electrode 110 of the organic light emitting device. However, in FIG. 2 , the cathode electrode 220 of the organic solar cell layer 200 is expressed to be in contact with the anode electrode 110 of the organic light emitting device, but this is for the sake of brevity and between the two electrodes, including the above-described insulating films Several layers are interposed.

3, the substrate S1 of the organic light emitting layer 100 and the substrate S2 of the organic solar cell layer 200 are shown.

3, each layer of the organic light emitting layer 100 is stacked on one surface of the substrate S1 of the organic light emitting layer 100, and the organic solar cell layer 200 is formed on the other surface of the substrate S1. have. In particular, the cathode electrode 220 of the organic solar cell layer 200 may be formed on the other surface of the substrate S1. In addition, the substrate S2 of the organic solar cell layer 200 may be positioned on the opposite side and in contact with the anode electrode 210 .

4, each layer of the organic light emitting layer 100 is stacked on one surface of the substrate S1 of the organic light emitting layer 100, and the organic solar cell layer 200 is formed on the other surface of the substrate S1. have. In particular, the anode electrode 210 of the organic solar cell layer 200 may be formed on the other surface of the substrate S1. Here, the substrate S2 of FIG. 3 may be omitted.

5, each layer of the organic light emitting layer 100 is stacked on one surface of the substrate S1 of the organic light emitting layer 100, and the organic solar cell layer 200 is formed on the other surface of the substrate S1. have. In particular, the cathode electrode 220 of the organic solar cell layer 200 may be formed on the other surface of the substrate S1. Here, the anode electrode 210 of the organic solar cell layer 200 is positioned on the opposite side, and the substrate S2 of FIG. 3 may be omitted.

The polarization layer 300 may function to block externally reflected light when the display is driven. The polarization layer 300 may be formed on one surface of the organic solar cell layer 200 .

1 to 5 , the polarization layer 300 may be formed on the lower surface of the organic solar cell layer 200 . The polarizing layer 300 may include a polarizing film. The polarizing layer 300 may include a polarizing film coupled to the lower surface of the organic solar cell layer 200 .

The polarizing film may be adhered to one surface of the organic solar cell layer 200 by an adhesive member, and may be adhered to the lower surface of the organic solar cell layer 200 as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 . In particular, the polarization layer 300 may be adhered to the lower surface of the substrate S2 of the organic solar cell layer 200 ( FIG. 3 ).

The polarizing film may include at least one of an iodine-based polarizing film, a dye-based polarizing film, a retardation polarizing film, a transflective polarizing film, a highly reflective transflective polarizing film, a surface antireflection film (AG/AR), and a reflective polarizing film. have.

The iodine-based polarizing film is a high-definition polarizing film having high transmittance, high polarization, and characteristics, and is a film using iodine having high dichroism in order to impart visible light region and absorption ability to a transparent PVA film.

The dye-based polarizing film is a highly durable polarizing film with little change in optical properties even under high temperature and high humidity conditions, and has an advantage of high durability.

The retardation polarizing film is a film that corrects the retardation generated in the liquid crystal, and a PC (Polycarbonate) retardation film may be used.

The transflective polarizing film is a transflective polarizing film having the same transmissive and reflective characteristics at the same time.

The highly reflective transflective polarizing film uses a metal catalyst deposition film instead of a conventional pigmented transflective polarizing film to reduce power consumption and make the appearance of the display look cleaner. It is a polarizing film.

There are two types of surface radiation prevention, AG (anti-glare) processing and AR (anti-reflection) processing, as referred to in surface anti-reflection film (AG/AR). AG processing forms an irregular surface on the surface of the film to diffusely reflect external light from the surface to show an anti-reflection effect. AR processing forms several layers of thin films with different reflective indexes on the surface of the film by vapor deposition or coating methods By doing so, an antireflection effect is exhibited.

Meanwhile, the encapsulation layer 400 may be coupled to the upper surface of the organic light emitting layer 100 to protect the organic light emitting device and the like. The encapsulation layer 400 may be formed of glass or polymer. The encapsulation layer 400 may be formed of a bendable material. Due to the encapsulation layer 400 , oxygen, moisture, foreign substances, etc. may not be introduced into the organic light emitting device.

In the display, particularly in the case of a bottom emission type, light emitted from the organic emission layer 100 comes out toward the polarizing plate 300 with reference to FIG. 1 . In addition, external light (such as sunlight) may be reflected back to any layer of the organic light emitting layer 100 (eg, the cathode electrode 120 ), but is removed by the polarizing plate 300 .

6 is a view showing an organic light emitting diode display including a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a view showing a detailed configuration of FIG. 6 . 8 is a view showing a polarizing structure of the present invention. 9 and 10 are views showing an example in which the polarizing structure of FIG. 8 is applied to FIG. 6 .

Referring to FIG. 6 , the polarization layer 240 may be integrally formed with the organic solar cell. That is, the organic solar cell layer 200 may have a polarization function.

The polarization layer 240 may be integrally formed with the organic solar cell layer 200 , and the polarization layer may be coupled to a lower surface of the organic light emitting layer 100 .

The polarization layer 240 is integrally formed with the organic solar cell layer 200 , and the polarization layer 240 includes a plurality of parallel metal wires 241 formed on the electrodes of the organic solar cell layer 200 . can do.

The polarization layer 240 is integrally formed with the organic solar cell layer 200 , and the polarization layer 240 includes a transparent conductive film 242 laminated on the transparent substrate of the organic solar cell layer 200 ; and a plurality of parallel metal lines 241 formed on the transparent conductive film.

Referring to FIG. 7 , the polarization layer 240 may be disposed between the organic light emitting layer 100 and the organic solar cell. The polarization layer 240 may be integrated with the organic solar cell layer 200 . The polarization layer 240 may be formed by patterning the organic solar cell layer 200 .

Referring to FIG. 8 , the polarization layer 240 may include a polarization structure. The polarizing structure may include a plurality of parallel metal lines 241 . A plurality of parallel metal lines 241 may be formed on a transparent conductive film (eg, ITO). The metal line 241 may be formed of gold. The metal line 241 is narrow along the x-axis and has a long shape along the y-axis, and when light passes through the polarization structure, it is polarized along the x-axis (y component is canceled). A distance between adjacent metal lines 241 is formed within one wavelength of incident light.

For example, in order to x-axis polarize incident light having a wavelength of 850 nm, a width (a) of the metal line 241 is 200 nm, a pitch (b) of the metal line 241 is 400 nm, and the The height c may be 200 nm.

Referring to FIG. 9 , the metal line 241 of the polarizing structure may be formed on the electrode of the organic solar cell layer 200 . For example, it may be formed on the anode electrode 210 or the cathode electrode 220 of the organic solar cell. Here, the metal line 241 may protrude toward the organic light emitting layer 100 .

Referring to FIG. 10 , the metal line 241 of the polarizing structure may be formed on the substrate S2 of the organic solar cell layer 200 . For example, an organic solar cell is formed on the upper surface of the substrate S2, a metal line 241 is formed on the lower surface of the substrate S2, and a transparent conductive film (eg, For example, ITO) 242 may be formed.

6 to 10 , a protective film layer 500 may be stacked under the organic solar cell layer 200 . The protective film layer 500 does not have a polarization function. This is because the organic solar cell layer 200 already has a polarization function.

On the other hand, the protective film may be formed of a glass or polymer material. In addition, the protective film may be formed of a material capable of bending.

In the display, particularly in the case of a bottom emission type, light emitted from the organic emission layer 100 comes out toward the protective film 500 side with reference to FIG. 6 . In addition, external light (such as sunlight) may be reflected back to any layer of the organic light emitting layer 100 (eg, the cathode electrode 120 ), but is removed by the organic solar cell layer 200 .

The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the description and expression of the embodiments explicitly described above. In addition, it is added once again that the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited due to obvious changes or substitutions in the technical field to which the present invention pertains.

100: organic light emitting layer
200: solar cell layer
300: polarizing layer
400: encapsulation layer
500: protective film layer
S1, S2: substrate

Claims (6)

an organic light emitting layer including an organic light emitting device;
an organic solar cell layer coupled to a lower surface of the organic light emitting layer;
a polarizing layer coupled to one surface of the organic solar cell layer; and
Comprising an encapsulation layer coupled to the upper surface of the organic light emitting layer,
An organic light emitting diode display having a solar cell. According to claim 1,
The polarizing layer comprises a polarizing film coupled to the lower surface of the organic solar cell layer,
An organic light emitting diode display having a solar cell. According to claim 1,
The polarizing layer is formed integrally with the organic solar cell layer,
The polarizing layer is coupled to the lower surface of the organic light emitting layer,
An organic light emitting diode display having a solar cell. According to claim 1,
The polarizing layer is formed integrally with the organic solar cell layer,
The polarizing layer includes a plurality of parallel metal wires formed on the electrodes of the organic solar cell layer,
An organic light emitting diode display having a solar cell. According to claim 1,
The polarizing layer is formed integrally with the organic solar cell layer,
The polarizing layer is
a transparent conductive film laminated on the transparent substrate of the organic solar cell layer; and
Containing a plurality of parallel metal lines formed on the transparent conductive film,
An organic light emitting diode display having a solar cell. 6. The method according to claim 4 or 5,
Further comprising a protective film layer coupled to the lower surface of the organic solar cell layer,
An organic light emitting diode display having a solar cell.

Images