KR20210074266A - Current control system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a current control system for grid-connecting an idle (emergency) generator to commercial power, in which the idle (emergency) generator is grid-connected to the commercial power to be used as a demand management resource in a power supply crisis of the commercial power to mitigate the power supply crisis. To this end, according to the present invention, an MCCB breaker and an ACB breaker are installed in an existing idle (emergency) generator and the current control system controls a current generated from the idle (emergency) generator to be transferred to the commercial power. The current control system does not exceed continuous generation efficiency of the idle (emergency) generator and safely transmits the generated power to the commercial power in synchronization with the idle (emergency) generator. Accordingly, in the power supply crisis, the idle (emergency) generator is remotely operated at a central control room to be grid-connected to the commercial power, thereby providing an effect of smoothly overcoming the power supply crisis. Therefore, the current control system for grid-connecting electricity generated from the idle (emergency) generator to the commercial power is provided.

Description

Current Control System {CURRENT CONTROL SYSTEM}

The present invention manages the supply and demand status of electricity in the power exchange and central control center that manages electricity in Korea in more detail in utilizing the idle (emergency) self-generators nationwide as a demand management resource during a power supply and demand crisis. In resolving the power supply and demand crisis by remotely operating idle (emergency) self-generators across the country when a power supply crisis occurs, more specifically, commercial power by controlling the generation current of idle (emergency) generators The current control system does not exceed the continuous power generation efficiency of the idle (emergency) generator, and synchronizes the idle (emergency) generator to safely transmit the generated power of the idle (emergency) generator to the commercial power source. It relates to a current control system that grid-connects electricity generated from idle (emergency) generators to commercial power.

Generators include rotary generators such as internal combustion engines and gas turbines, and stationary generators such as solar cells and fuel cells. In order to link the generated power to the grid, the frequency and voltage must be basically matched. In general, induction generators and synchronous generators are used most often in rotary generators. In induction generators, since the rotor is excited by the current supplied to the stator, there is no need for a separate power conversion device to connect to the grid. However, in the case of a synchronous generator, the rotor must be operated in synchronization with the frequency of the system. To do this, an exciter and governor must be installed. In the case of an induction generator, the power factor is not good, so synchronous generators are mostly used these days. In the case of stationary types such as solar cells, most of them generate direct current, so an inverter that converts to alternating current and adjusts the frequency and voltage is required. In the case of a generator with a large output fluctuation depending on the size of the wind power, a power converter is required to convert it into DC and then back to AC even if AC power is generated because of large voltage or frequency fluctuations. And all generators connected to the grid must be equipped with a grid protection device. In the event of a system failure during grid-connected operation, the large load on the grid cannot be supplied to a small generator and damage may occur accordingly, so it must be quickly disconnected from the grid.

Components of operation control panel

The operation control panel (diesel engine generator) is a BUS-BAR that monitors and operates the generator power and supplies power to the load. It is composed of an AC circuit and a DC control circuit for starting and stopping and fault detection and instruction based on diesel engine power generation.

(1) CONTROL PANEL

① The control panel consists of various indication instruments, switches, and fault indicator lights for each generator, and various protective relays and accumulators are installed to protect the generator.

② Inside the front of the panel, the relay board, which is installed with auxiliary relays and timers necessary for sequence circuit configuration, and the main circuit breaker, VCB, are attached to the inside of the lower front of the engine, generator, and other external devices.

③ The rear side of the panel is composed of a BUS-BAR for connecting the VCB, generator, and synchronous operation (SYNCHRO PANEL) on the load side, including the transformation air flow such as CT and PT or GPT.

(2) SYNCHRO PANEL

① SYNCHRO PANEL is composed of various indicator instruments, SYNCHRO SCOPE and CONTROL SWITCH types, and switches, lamps, and integrated power meters to control the engine governor are attached.

② The inside of the front of the SYNCHRO PANEL is composed of a relay-board installed as auxiliary relays and timers necessary for sequence circuit configuration, a terminal block for connection with ENGINE and other devices, a GOVERNOR for engine speed control, and an AUTO SYNCHRONIZER for automatic parallel operation. Consists of.

③ The back side of the SYNCHRO PANEL is composed of a BUS-BAR for connecting the circuit breaker (VCB) and the load side, including the transformer currents such as CT and PT or GPT.

(3) AUXILIARY DEVICE PANEL

① DIESEL ENGINE GOVERNOR of AUXILIARY DEVICE PANEL AC VOLT-METER, AC, AMMETER and DC 24(V) to indicate voltage and current for auxiliary power source DC, VOLT-METER, DC AMMETER for BATTERY CHARGER and each DIESEL ENGINE It is composed of switches and lamps to control auxiliary equipment of the GOVERNOR.

② The inner front of the panel is composed of MCCB, MAGNETIC CONTACTOR THERMAL RELAY, AUXILIARY RELAY, TIMER, etc. necessary for the sequence circuit configuration to control the auxiliary equipment of each DIESEL ENGINE GOVERNOR.

③ The central side of the panel is composed of a BUS-BAR to supply the power required to operate the auxiliary equipment of each DIESEL ENGINE GOVERNOR.

④ The back side of the panel consists of a battery and a battery charger to supply power for the sequence circuit of each panel and power to the ENGINE LOCAL PANEL.

Control and auxiliary power

① DC 24(V): It is used as a control power source to operate each ENGINE and CONTROL PANEL circuit.

② DC 110(V) : It is composed of power supply for closing/closing VCB of each DIESEL ENGINE GOVERNOR CONTROL PANEL.

③ AC 380/220V, 60 (HZ): 3-phase AC 380V is used as the control power for auxiliary equipment of each DIESEL ENGINE GOVERNOR and the power for the CONTROLLER, LIGHTING and SPACE HEATER of each CONTROL PANEL.

General notes

① When the connector is disconnected, open the control power or AC input and connect.

② Semiconductors generally have a shorter lifespan at high temperatures. Because some parts deteriorate with temperature, the ambient temperature should be maintained at 0 ~ 40℃.

③ If the humidity is high, it may cause poor insulation or poor contact, and it may cause rust.

④ If dust adheres, it absorbs moisture and may cause poor insulation or poor contact, so check and remove it from time to time.

⑤ Vibration loosens the tightening part or the connection part, causing poor contact and may also cause malfunction of relays.

⑥ The area around the switchboard should be kept neat and tidy at all times.

⑦ In principle, the line or equipment should be stopped before checking or changing the setting value of the protective relay.

⑧ Even if an accident occurs unexpectedly, take it calmly and calmly, deal with it, and recheck the auxiliary relay and protective relay of the related circuit.

⑨ In the event of an accident, check and record the type of operation protection relay by phase and the indication board of the related instrument.

⑩ Since there are many cases where two or more types of protective relays operate at the same time, find the junction as soon as possible, check the related protective relays, and take action.

How to operate and operate a generator

1) Start ENGINE

Check if there is any abnormality in DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR and check the function of PANEL, then the control power S/W should be selected in the manual or automatic position.

(1) MANUAL start

After placing the ENGINE CONTROL SELECTOR SWITCH (MANU-OFF-AUTO) in each DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR CONTROL PANEL to MANU POSITION, select the DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR you want to start and press the ENGINE START PUSH BUTTON to start the ENGINE.

(2) AUTO start

① When the ENGINE CONTROL SELECTOR SWITCH (MANU-OFF-AUTO) in each DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR CONTROL PANEL is set to the AUTO POSITION and the power of KEPCO is turned OFF due to a power outage or other accident on the KEPCO side, the 27T TIMER in the SYNCHRO PANEL is a blackout signal. After detecting a power failure for about 3 seconds, the engine is started by sending a start signal to the DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR CONTROL PANEL.

② In general, if the engine cranks for several tens of seconds, it reaches the speed of 170 ~ 300(rpm) by itself and rotates at the rated speed unless there is an error, and the AIR SOLENOID VELVE is closed by the crank completion signal. However, if the rated rpm is not reached even if the crank generator is continued, the crank generator is stopped and after a certain period of time, it can try to start 3 times by repeating the MODULE. This number can be controlled by the sett generator time of the timer attached to each die generator control panel, and if it exceeds 3 times, it is stopped by a FAIL SIGNAL. In this case, since there is an abnormality in the ENGINE state, it is necessary to restart after taking sufficient measures.

2) Stop ENGINE

(1) Emergency stop

If the engine needs to be stopped urgently due to a malfunction or dangerous condition while driving the DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR, press the ENGINE EMERGENCY STOP PUSH BUTTON attached to the upper part of each DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR CONTROL PANEL to make an emergency stop. The STOP fault lamp turns on. If you want to start the engine, after finding the fault point and removing the fault condition, you must press the BUZZER STOP PUSH BUTTON and FAIL RESET PUSH BUTTON in the DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR CONTROL PANEL to release the BUZZER and LAMP and drive the DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR.

(2) Manual stop

When you want to stop the DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR during load operation, trip each DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR BREAKER (VCB) and operate it for a few minutes with no load, then turn on the ENGINE CONTROL SELECTOR SWITCH (MANU-OFF-AUTO) in each DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR CONTROL PANEL. If you put it on MANU POSITION and press ENGINE STOP PUSH BUTTON S/W, ENGINE stops.

(3) Automatic stop

When commercial power is restored during load operation, the DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR is automatically stopped after 5 minutes of no-load operation after the circuit breaker is cut off.

① ENGINE CONTROL SELECTOR SWITCH AUTO POSITION

② BREAKER CONTROL SELECTOR SWITCH AUTO POSITION

③ Commercial power return signal

④ Breaking circuit breaker for DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR

3) How to operate a circuit breaker (VCB) for generator power

① Each generator power circuit breaker (VCB) is installed on each DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR CONTROL PANEL, and the secondary side of each breaker is connected to the SYNCHRO PANEL by COMMON and BUS-BAR to be connected to the load side. In consideration of the interlock between the SYGNAL PANEL and the SYGNAL PANEL, it is necessary to understand the correct operation method and then operate it.

② Since breaker closing (ON or CLOSE)/blocking (OFF or OPEN) is possible with automatic closing/manual closing and auto shutoff/manual shutoff, the driver must fully understand the SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM in the DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR CONTROL PANEL and SYNCHRO PANEL and then to be able to manipulate

③ When the circuit breaker is closed, the VCB ON (or CLOSE) red lamp in the DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR CONTROL PANEL and SYNCHRO PANEL turns on.

④ When an electrical or mechanical failure occurs during operation of the DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR, the circuit breaker is automatically cut off. At this time, the VCB OFF (or OPEN/TRIP) green lamp on each DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR CONTROL PANEL and SYNCHRO PANEL turns on.

SYNCHRONIZED OPERATION method

If a smooth power supply to the load is not possible due to single generator operation, a synchronous operation panel (SYNCHRO PANEL) is prepared so that the generator automatically synchronously operates, so the driver must understand the synchronous operation system before operating.

1) Configuration

① SYNCHRO SCOPE and SYNCHRO LAMP

② Operation MODE SELECTOR SWITCH

③ ENGINE SPEED CONTROLLER : 2301A ELECTRONIC LOAD SHARING AND SPEED CONTROL

④ Various METERs: FREQUENCY, VOLTMETER

⑤ ENGINE GOVERNOR CONTROL SWITCH

⑥ CONTROL SWITCH

⑦ GENERATOR / VCB CONTROL SWITCH

⑧ Display LAMPs

2) Synchronous operation method

Since this DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR is configured so that the generator is automatic/manual parallel operation, the driver should understand the parallel operation conditions and then operate in parallel. Parallel operation is detailed in the SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM of SYNCHRO PANEL and the LOGIC DIAGRAM of COMMON DRAWING. After fully understanding it, perform synchronous operation.

3) Load adjustment during synchronous operation

☞ No-load condition

(1) Both KW and AMMETER become ZERO in normal state.

(2) When both KW-METERs indicate + and - respectively

① This occurs because the engine speed is different during single operation, and + is due to high speed and - is caused by slow speed.

② Check whether the frequency is correct by operating each individually.

③ If the speed is different, adjust the engine speed equally.

(3) KW-METER indicates ZERO, but when current appears in AMMETER

① This occurs due to different voltages during single operation, and in this case, the readings of the power factor meter are opposite to each other.

② The generator displayed in the LAG state has a high voltage, and the generator in the LEAD state has a low voltage.

③ Operate each independently, check that the secondary voltage of PT is 110V, and adjust the same using the voltage regulator (90G).

④ Both KW and AMMETER indicate ZERO, but the power factor meter is different as LAG and LEAD. This can be generated by a small voltage difference when there is no load, and there is no problem in operation, so you can use it by connecting a load. After load connection, it operates at the same power factor according to the overall load power factor.

☞ Load condition

During load operation, two generators should be operated with the same KW and current, and if more than 10% of the rated KW and current of each generator occurs, adjust as follows and stay within the same range.

(1) When KW is different

① Adjust LOAD-GAIN POTENTIOMETER of 2301A GOVERNOR in the same way.

② If it is difficult during synchronous operation, connect the same KW to the generator in independent operation and measure DC VOLTAGE at 13(+) and 12(-) of 2301A so that the same LOAD SIGNAL comes out.

(2) When the KW is the same but the current is different

① Adjust the voltage regulator to make the distribution of reactive power equal.

② If it is difficult during synchronous operation, adjust the DROOP with the DROOP adjuster attached to the AVR as follows at the same KW and LAG power factor in the single operation state.

※ When SYNCHRO CONTROL S/W 43S1 (SINGLE-SYNCHRO) is set to SINGLE POSITION, it is the same as the voltage at no-load. When 43S1(SINGLE-SYNCHRO) is set to SYNCHRO, measure the PT secondary voltage fluctuation and adjust it using DROOP so that the voltage fluctuation of each generator is the same.

☞ The distribution of active and reactive power must be uniform for each generator input to the COMMON BUS.

(1) Reactive power distribution

It is made according to the DROOP characteristics of the voltage regulator (AVR) of each generator, and the distribution of reactive power is determined according to the adjusted voltage level before synchronous operation.

(2) Active power distribution

It is determined according to the engine speed and automatically generates the same engine output ratio by the function of the 2301A LOAD SHARING GOVERNOR connected to each engine speed controller. should be adjusted in the same way.

It does not return even if you press .

☞ Notice

(1) In either case of automatic and manual closing, the no-load voltage of the generator should be adjusted in advance. If the generator's no-load voltage differs from the BUS value by more than 5%, the reactive circulating current flows excessively after SYNCHRO input, so be careful.

(2) The voltage adjustment of the generator is 90G, and it is always adjusted in the same way when there is no load.

(3) The engine speed is always adjusted the same when no load as ENGINE SPEED ADJUST (90E1, 90E2) at the bottom of the SYNCHRO PANEL.

(4) This DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR is equipped with a LOAD SHARING function and the load sharing of each DIESEL ENGINE GENERATOR is uniformly adjusted. If the load sharing is excessively different during use, adjust the load with the LOAD-GAIN POTENTIOMETER in the 2301A GOVERNOR. The share can be adjusted equally.

Fault circuit detection and diagnosis

If there is an error in the generator or engine, the relay operates for each failure, and the failure relay continues to be ON even if the abnormal signal is extinguished by the holding circuit.

1) Fault circuit operation

(1) HEAVY FAULT

Engine stops and BREAKER is tripped, BUZZER sounds, and white lamp turns on on the fault set indicator.

(2) MEDIUM FAULT

BREAKER TRIP and BUZZER sound, and the white lamp is turned on on the fault group indicator, and 3 minutes after the BREAKER TRIP, the engine stops.

(3) LIGHT FAULT

Only the BUZZER sounds and the fault group indicator lights up with a white lamp.

2) Stop alarm sound

When a malfunction occurs, an alarm sound is generated to inform the driver of the abnormal condition. Press the BUZZER STOP PUSH BUTTON (3-B) PUSH BUTTON S/W to stop the alarm sound.

3) Break down

(1) When a failure occurs, press (3-B) PUSH BUTTON S/W to stop the alarm sound.

(2) Indication of fault group indicator lamps After identifying fault contents according to the LAMP, remove the cause of the fault.

(3) After removing the cause of the failure, press FAULT RESET BUTTON S/W (3-R) to return to the normal state. It does not return even if you press RESET BUTTON S/W in the state where the fault continues.

emergency generator facility

1. A place where an emergency generator is needed

In case of emergency power outage of commercial power, a minimum reserve power source (emergency generator, storage battery) must be installed in accordance with the Building and Fire Protection Act to prevent disasters caused by lighting, air conditioning, water supply and drainage, elevators, etc.

(Emergency ones must be capable of supplying power to firefighting equipment, etc. within 40 seconds, and medical emergency generators in emergency rooms and operating rooms must be able to establish and supply voltage within 10 seconds)

1. Conditions to be provided by spare power equipment

□ It must be a power supply facility suitable for the purpose of using the emergency load.

□ Reliability must be high.

□ Easy to handle, operate and operate.

□ It must be economical.

2. Where you need it

□ Bank, office building: computer room, waiting room, safe, elevator, etc.

□ Department Store: Cash machines, stores, refrigeration facilities, etc.

□ Hospital: Operating room, hospital room, hallway, kitchen, elevator, computer equipment, and freezer.

□ Theater: Hallway, audience, speaker circuit,

□ Factory: important production facilities

□ Wireless receiving station: broadcasting station, newspaper company

□ A place where commercial power cannot be supplied.

□ Emergency power in case of accidental and planned power outages

□ For auxiliary power generation at peak times

□ Other major facilities

2. Type of emergency generator load

Type of load Description Legal minimum operating time

power and transmission

오수,배수,양수펌프

Sewage, drainage, pumping water

소화펌프,자동화재설비 전원

Fire pump, automatic fire equipment power supply

엘리베이터,환기 팬,충전기

Elevator, ventilation fan, charger

컴퓨터,중앙감시 제어반

computer, central monitoring control panel

기타 보안상 필요한 부하

Other security necessary loads

30분

30 minutes

light load

보안등(계단,복도,비상등)

Security lights (stairs, hallways, emergency lights)

지하실,무창층 및 창이없는 방의 전등

Lighting in basements, windowless floors and rooms without windows

변전실,전화교환실

Transformer room, telephone exchange room

각 사무실의 전등부하

light load in each office

기타 보안상 필요한 부하

Other security necessary loads

30분

30 minutes

load by fire law

소화설비(소화전,스프링 쿨러)

Fire extinguishing equipment (fire hydrant, spring cooler)

비상 콘센트설비,

emergency outlet equipment,

배연설비

smoke facility

자탐설비,비상경보설비,유도등

Self-detection equipment, emergency alarm equipment, guidance, etc.

무선통신 보조설비 증폭기

Wireless Communication Auxiliary Equipment Amplifier

30분 이상

more than 30 minutes

load by building code

비상용 조명장치

emergency lighting device

배연설비

smoke facility

비상용 배수설비

emergency drainage system

비상용 엘리베이터

emergency elevator

30분 이상

more than 30 minutes

단, 엘리베이터는 1시간

However, the elevator takes 1 hour.

Power facility installation standards for telecommunication facilities other than business facilities

구내교환설비로서 국선용량이 10회선 이상의 것(정전이 되어도 국선으로부터의 호출에 대하여 응답이 가능한 것은 제 외한다)

As an intra-premises exchange facility, the capacity of the CO line is 10 or more (excluding those that can answer calls from the CO line even in the event of a power outage)

최번시 소비전류로서 3시간 이상 유지

Busy hour current consumption for more than 3 hours

load by medical law

수술실 등..

operating room, etc.

용량(의료법 시행규칙별표3)

Dosage (Annex 3 of the Enforcement Regulations of the Medical Act)

Even if public electric facilities are not used, self-generation facilities that can supply necessary places to the relevant medical institution shall be provided.

성능 : 10초 이내에 정격전압을 확립할 수 있을 것.

Performance: It should be able to establish the rated voltage within 10 seconds.

UPS 적용.

UPS application.

3. Classification of emergency generators

1. Classification according to load function

□ Emergency generator (diesel)

□ Commercial generator (diesel, gas turbine)

□ For PECK-CUT,

□ Generator for co-generation.

2. Classification according to driving method

□ Diesel type, gasoline type, gas turbine type

3. Classification according to installation method

□ Fixed type, mobile type (less than 200kVA)

4. Classification according to the starting method

□ Electric type: general use, easy to operate

□ Pneumatic: Requires a pressure tank with a starting capacity of more than 6 times. (Applied to explosion-proof areas, etc.) 22~30 (kg/㎠) pressure holding device is required.

5. Classification according to cooling method

□ Air cooling type: small capacity (suitable for small capacity less than 500KVA)

□ Water cooling type: Applied to over 500KVA (circulation type, cooling tower circulation type, discharge type)

6. Classification according to driving method

6-1. single operation method

□ Requires a power supply breaker, generator breaker and interlock device. (In principle, emergency generators are not operated in parallel with regular power.)

6-2. 2 or more parallel operation method

□ SYNCHRO DEVICE REQUIRED

6-3. KEPCO parallel operation method

□ A relay and SYNCHRO device are required to prevent reverse transmission, consultation with KEPCO is required, and power costs can be reduced due to peak cut.

6-3-1. Generator parallel operation conditions

1) The magnitude of the electromotive force must be the same.

When the magnitude of the electromotive force of the two generators in parallel operation is different, a reactive circulating current flows between the two generators due to the voltage due to the difference in the electromotive force, which increases the loss and causes the temperature of the generator to rise. This reactive circulating current demagnetizes the generator with a small electromotive force and lowers the voltage so that the terminal voltage of both generators becomes the same.

In parallel operation of KEPCO, it is better to make the AVR automatic and the generator voltage to be higher than the grid voltage. (If the grid voltage is higher than the generator voltage and feed-in is performed, the field current decreases. If the difference is large, the rectifier of the excitation current is blocked and the field error A voltage may be generated. Normally, there is no problem as long as the voltage ratio between the two is within 0.95.)

2) The frequency must be the same.

When the frequency of both generators is different, the moment when the magnitude of the electromotive force changes occurs repeatedly, so that the reactive cross flow periodically flows, which causes hunting. In parallel operation with KEPCO, it is recommended to set the generator slightly higher than the grid frequency (0.1-0.2Hz) to avoid motoring at the moment of feeding-in.

3) The phase of the electromotive force should be the same.

When two generators are out of phase during parallel operation with the same voltage, the synchronization current flows by the difference voltage due to the phase difference. This current increases the rotational speed by reducing the load on the generator with a late phase, and slows the speed on the generator with a high phase so that the phase between the two generators becomes the same.

In parallel operation of KEPCO, it should be fed at a point where the phase difference with the system is small. (The electric torque and excessive current generated in the generator by asynchronous feed-in are at a fairly high level, so the effect on the rotor shaft system and the stator winding is very severe. In case of synchronous operation, the generator voltage should be adjusted to the system voltage and input should be made so that the phase angle is minimized, and the phase difference normally allowed is 10° or less

4) The waveform of the electromotive force should be the same.

Even if the effective value and phase of the electromotive force of both generators are the same, when the waveform is different, the instantaneous value of each instantaneous value is different, so a reactive cross current flows between the two generators. This current increases the armature loss and causes overheating.

5) The phase rotation direction should be the same

It becomes a short circuit state at some point, which is unthinkable in parallel operation. However, it must be checked at least once during the first feed-in during test operation.

6) Other matters

When the total capacity of synchronous generators is 30MW or more and the power supply is continuously synchronized with KEPCO, the main protection method of the transmission line should be installed using a pilot wire method or a carrier relay method.

7. Classification according to the number of revolutions

□ Low speed: 900 rpm or less

□ High-speed type: 1,200 rpm or more

In general, a rotating field type or a rotating armature type for small capacity is used.

8. The Woman Way

□ In general, this is done in a self-directed method.

9. Operation control method

□ Manual start, manual stop method

□ Control method by Push-Button

□ Semi-automatic

□ Fully automatic

According to KEPCO, the installed capacity of emergency generators nationwide was 13.54 million kW as of the end of last year, equivalent to the capacity of 13 nuclear power plants. At the level of 17.7% of domestic power generation facilities, 53% of emergency generators are concentrated in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. However, these generators have a low utilization rate of whether they operate once or twice a year, and their participation in KEPCO's demand management system is only 1.7%, so their contribution to electricity supply and demand is insignificant.

The Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy entrusted the Korea Electric Safety Corporation with the facility improvement project to secure electricity by immediately operating an emergency generator in the event of a power supply and demand crisis, and provided a budget of KRW 12.5 billion, including KRW 9.6 billion for facility improvement and KRW 1.1 billion for the integrated control center. However, in the fact-finding survey, where 59 million won was invested, problems with the establishment of the integrated control center were revealed due to security issues, and insufficient advance preparations such as an increase in the unit cost of facility improvement are hindering the execution of the project.

Analysts also analyzed that it is possible to secure more than 500,000 kW of supply resources if the necessary facilities are equipped within three months even now. However, opinions differ as to the effectiveness of this measure. In order to supply power to the outside by connecting the emergency generator to the power system, it is necessary to modify the facility, such as installing a synchronizer to match the frequency.

The integrated control center tried to control the emergency generator with a wireless control method, but as a security problem was pointed out, it could not be built, and the facility improvement was not performed accordingly.

In addition, the cost of facility improvement increased by 58.3% compared to the plan, and the contents of the project were significantly changed. The project target increased the cost of facility improvement from 60,000 won per kW to 95,000 won per kW, as the project recipients requested full-scale remodeling instead of partial remodeling of the emergency generator. In particular, the scope of this project was reduced to public institutions as support for private companies led to preferential treatment.

This problem has been raised in some areas by claiming to secure sufficient reserve power by utilizing the neglected emergency generator as commercial power generation during a difficult time in power supply.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, and an emergency generator using oil as a fuel consists of an engine and a generator. It maximizes the output efficiency of the generator, and even if it generates continuously, it should not be a burden to the engine and generator. Absolutely maintaining the continuous output state of the generator is the key technology to commercialize the (B) idle (emergency) generator.

Accordingly, in the present invention, the maximum continuous output of the generator is 80 to 85% of the maximum output. If this continuous output (generation control) fails, the generator winding fires and the engine block is broken due to overload of the generator. For example, a generator with a maximum output of 1,000 kW/h has the purpose of generating 800-850 kW/h continuously and grid-connected power generation with commercial power.

The present invention as a technical idea for achieving the above object is a current control system for grid-connecting (A) an idle (emergency) generator to a commercial power source in the existing (B) idle (emergency) generator facility and (G) ) Install ACB breaker and (H)MCCB breaker. (G) ACB circuit breaker is a circuit breaker that connects (B) idle (emergency) generator and commercial power. (A) As a control of current control system that connects idle (emergency) generator to commercial power, (B) idle (emergency) When starting the generator, A. After pressing the engine ready start button B. If you press the engine start button, the engine starts and rotates the generator to form frequency and power. If the synchronization conditions are automatically integrated, check visually D. ACB switch When the ON operation button is pressed, the (G)ACB breaker is automatically turned on, and the power generated from the (B)idle (emergency) generator is transmitted to the commercial power source. At this time, the (B)idle (emergency) generator is Power is generated below the continuous output due to the current control of the current control system that connects to the commercial power source. When the connected grid power generation is finished E. If the ACB breaker OFF operation button is pressed, the generated power connected to the grid is short-circuited (cut off). After that, if you press the engine maintenance button (B), the idle (emergency) generator is automatically stopped.

(H) The MCCB breaker should always be turned on before operating the idle (emergency) generator, and (G) the ACB breaker is installed on the secondary, and finally (B) the power generated from the idle (emergency) generator is connected to the grid with commercial power. Thus, (B) the power generated from the idle (emergency) generator is transmitted to commercial power.

(B) Idle (emergency) generator operation is characterized in that all operations of (B) idle (emergency) generators can be operated at the facility site where the generator is installed and remotely with a computer or mobile phone.

According to the current control system for grid-connecting the electricity generated by the (B) idle (emergency) generator according to the present invention configured as described above to the commercial power source, (B) the idle (emergency) generator as a demand management resource in times of power supply and demand crisis Because it can be utilized, the power supply crisis can be solved without power restriction measures, and the (A) idle (emergency) generator is grid-connected to the commercial power source to the emergency generator installed in government offices, buildings, hospitals, and apartments. , (G)ACB breaker and (H)MCCB breaker are additionally installed and partial remodeling is performed to maximize the economical and efficient method, and there is an advantage in escaping the power supply and demand crisis.

1. Features

◎ Pollution-free, clean energy

◎ High energy density compared to other alternative energy sources

◎ Excellent economic feasibility compared to other energy sources

2. Necessity

By utilizing idle (emergency) self-generation facilities nationwide as a demand management resource in times of power supply and demand crisis, it is possible to overcome the electricity supply and demand crisis.

The installed capacity of emergency generators nationwide was 13.54 million kW as of the end of last year, which is equivalent to the capacity of 13 nuclear power plants.

◎ Compared to existing power plants (nuclear power, thermal power, hydro power, etc.)

○ Easy to secure an installation point

○ There are few complaints (compensation fees, etc.)

○ Insufficient damage to the ecosystem

◎ It is possible to secure more than 500,000 kW of supply resources if the necessary facilities are equipped within 3 months even now.

(Development capacity: 1,354,000kW, development capacity: 1,000,000kW)

○ Good topographical and environmental conditions

◎ Active development of idle (emergency) generators and obsolete equipment objects through localization technology of current control system

◎ Stabilize energy supply and demand by reducing crude oil in preparation for the era of high oil prices

◎ Means of actively responding to international environmental regulations by using clean energy

3. Economical

◎ The facility and maintenance costs are low.

◎ Reduced site cost, easy installation and maintenance, low facility cost

◎ Small capacity can be produced

◎ Long lifespan of the equipment due to the durability of the product

4. Treatment efficiency and safety

◎ Due to the technical elements of the patent part, a lot of efficiency is obtained even with a small flow rate.

◎ It can produce stable power even during long-term operation.

◎ Ease of maintenance (easy to maintain)

◎ It is automatic operation, and it operates without any problem even in 24 hours light.

◎ It is easy to operate and can be managed without specialized knowledge.

5. Expected effect

◎ Expect side effects such as ripple effect of related technologies and job creation by developing complex technologies such as machinery, electricity and electronics

◎ Technology protection through patent application for new technology

◎ Effect of nurturing new companies and substituting income by expanding distribution and market creation after installation

◎ Easy operation status analysis for future distribution systems by developing low-cost remote measurement systems

6. Usage plan

◎ Utilization plan as a demand management resource in times of power supply and demand crisis

◎ Securing marketability of motorized generators due to power control system development (renewable oil and petrochemical power generation)

◎ Expansion of application fields to island areas by developing small-scale systems

◎ Used as a business to expand overseas markets targeting endless markets such as Southeast Asia, Europe, and the Americas

◎ Applied to the application of various types of combined power generation systems

◎ Power control establishment and practical implementation plan through demonstration operation

1 is a conceptual diagram of an idle (emergency) generator according to the prior art;
2 is a conceptual diagram of a current control system for grid-connecting electricity generated from an idle (emergency) generator according to the present invention to a commercial power source;
3 is a monitoring screen of a current control system that grid-connects electricity generated from an idle (emergency) generator according to the present invention to a commercial power source;

In order to realize this, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail based on the accompanying drawings.

(A) Connect 1. Generator N phase, 2. Generator W phase, 3. Generator V phase, 4. Generator U phase to the current control system that connects the idle (emergency) generator to the commercial power source, .Connect R phase of commercial power, 6. Phase S of commercial power, 7. Phase T of commercial power, and 8. Phase N of commercial power. Also, by installing a CT on each phase, connect C1(IA), C2(IB), C3(IC), ICOM, connect to 31.ACB breaker ON, 32.ACB breaker OFF, 9.Automatic stop of generator Connect you valve sensor, 10. generator coolant temperature sensor, 11. generator hydraulic pressure sensor, 12. generator oil flow gauge sensor, 13. generator RPM sensor, 14. generator start sensor, 15. generator stop sensor .

Also, connect 16.AVR (automatic power controller) +/ -, 17.GOV (automatic speed controller) +/-, 18. 24V battery power +/-.

In addition, it is connected to the communication ports 32.RS485 SCR, 33.RS485 A(+), 34.RS485 A(-) and consists of a monitoring screen that can operate all operations of the (B)idle (emergency) generator with a computer or mobile phone. do.

The present invention is a current control system that connects electricity generated from an idle (emergency) generator to a commercial power source as described above, manages the power exchange and Korea's power during a power supply crisis, and remotely ( B) It relates to a system that solves the power supply and demand crisis by operating an idle (emergency) generator.

In addition, in the present invention, when a power supply crisis or (B) attempts to operate an idle (emergency) generator, the (B) idle (emergency) generator starts when the A. engine start preparation button is pressed on the monitoring screen and B. the engine start button is pressed It rotates at low speed and then automatically rotates forward after 20~30 seconds. 20~30 seconds after forward rotation, at this time, the generator power of 1, 2, 3, 4 and the used power of 5, 6, 7, 8 are synchronized. D. Press the ACB breaker ON button to (B) idle (emergency) generator 31. ACB circuit breaker is operated by the ON sensor when the synchronization conditions of the and commercial power are matched (B) and the current generated from the idle (emergency) generator is grid-connected to the commercial power. At this time, the system power is connected to the system below the continuous power generation efficiency of the (B) idle (emergency) generator. Continuous power generation efficiency is entered according to the program manual.

Therefore, (B) the continuous power generation efficiency of the idle (emergency) generator is automatically controlled by the 9. generator’s automatic governor valve sensor according to the continuous power generation efficiency, and 16. AVR (automatic power regulator) +/ - The power generation power is automatically controlled by 17.GOV (automatic speed controller) +/- (B) The rotation speed of the idle (emergency) generator is automatically adjusted to achieve the power generation efficiency specified by the program manual, (B) Synchronization conditions between idle (emergency) generators and commercial power can be matched to keep them stable.

In addition, the present invention relates to the monitoring screen: B. capacitor power display, G. Battery power during engine operation, A. Engine RPM, I. Engine coolant temperature, Car. Engine oil pressure, Car. Engine fuel, Other. Generator power generation capacity, wave .Generator generation output current, H.Generator generation output voltage (B) When the idle (emergency) generator is in operation, it is displayed in real time, A.Engine start preparation, B.Engine start, C.Engine stop, D.ACB switch ON operation Button, E. The ACB switch OFF operation button is a button that can remotely operate the (B) idle (emergency) generator.

In addition, the present invention provides (B) when the power of the idle (emergency) generator is under voltage and over voltage, when the coolant temperature exceeds 90 degrees, and when an abnormality in hydraulic pressure occurs (B) when the idle (emergency) generator is immediately automatically stopped.

Therefore, after it is stopped, the system is reset when the engine stop button is pressed twice, solve the reason for the stop, and operate the idle (emergency) generator again (B).

In this way, by utilizing the idle (emergency) generator that is left unattended as commercial power generation during a difficult time in power supply, it is possible to secure sufficient reserve power, and to use the (A) ) A current control system that connects the idle (emergency) generator to the commercial power supply, (G)ACB breaker, and (H)MCCB breaker are additionally installed to manage power and remotely (B) Use an idle (emergency) generator.

One ; N phase 2 of generator; W phase of generator
3 ; V-phase 4 of the generator; U-phase of generator
5 ; R phase of commercial power 6 ; S-phase of commercial power
7 ; T-phase of commercial power 8 ; N phase of commercial power
9 ; Generator automatic governor valve sensor 10 ; Generator coolant temperature sensor
11 ; Generator hydraulic sensor 12 ; generator fuel gauge sensor
13 ; Generator RPM (revolution speed) sensor 14 ; generator start sensor
15 ; generator stop sensor 16 ; Generator AVR +/-
17 ; Generator GOV +/- 18 ; Generator accumulator +/-
20 ; R-phase current gauge C1 21 ; R-phase current gauge C0
22 ; S-phase current gauge C1 23 ; S-phase current gauge C0
24 ; T-phase current gauge C1 25 ; T-phase current gauge C0
26 ; N-phase current gauge C1 27 ; N-phase current gauge C0
30 ; ACB switch ON 31 ; ACB switch OFF
32 ; RS485 SCR 33 ; RS485 A(+)
34 ; RS485 A(-)
(A) ; Current control system that grid-connects idle (emergency) generators to commercial power
(B) ; Idle (Emergency) Generator
(C) ; Idle (emergency) generator AVR (automatic power regulator)
(D) ; Idle (emergency) generator GOV (automatic speed control)
(E) ; Idle (emergency) generator BAT (generator start and power D/C24V)
(F) ; MCCB Breaker (G) ; ACB Breaker
(H) ; MCCB Breaker (I) ; ATS Breaker
a; Preparing to start the engine b; engine start
All ; engine stop d; ACB switch ON operation button
do not; ACB switch OFF operation button bar ; capacitor power display
s; Battery power when the engine is running; engine RPM
Now ; engine coolant temperature difference; engine hydraulic
ka ; engine fuel burn; generator capacity
wave ; generator power output current ha ; Generator power output voltage

Claims (1)

An ATS circuit breaker (I) for switching the commercial power supply and the load to be connected when the commercial power is out of power, and to connect the emergency generator and the load when the commercial power is out of power;
a grid connection circuit for grid-connecting the power generated by the emergency generator to the commercial power source;
ACB breaker (G) and MCCB breaker (H) for controlling the opening and closing of the grid-connected circuit; and
A current control device (A) that is remotely controllable and controls the operation of the emergency generator (B), the ACB breaker (G) and the MCCB breaker (H)
including,
When the power generated by the emergency generator (B) is grid-connected to the commercial power source, the current control device (A),
Transmitting the power generated by the emergency generator (B) to the commercial power source below the maximum continuous output of the emergency generator (B),
The emergency generator (B) automatically adjusts the fuel, power generation and rotational speed of the emergency generator (B) so that the power generated by the emergency generator (B) is less than or equal to the maximum continuous output of the emergency generator (B), and the emergency generator (B) ) and the synchronization conditions of the commercial power are maintained to match,
The maximum continuous output is 80% to 85% of the maximum output of the emergency generator (B),
When the emergency generator (B) rotates at a low speed and then operates in a forward rotation after engine start of the emergency generator (B), the emergency generator (B) and the commercial power are synchronized,
When the ACB circuit breaker is turned on in a state where the synchronization conditions of the emergency generator (B) and the commercial power are matched, the power generated by the emergency generator (B) is transferred to the commercial power supply through the grid link circuit. connected,
The monitoring screen for monitoring and controlling the current control device (A) includes: a capacitor power display (bar) for displaying a capacitor voltage in a bar graph extending in a horizontal direction;
A bar graph extending in the horizontal direction to display the capacitor voltage during engine operation, indicating battery power during engine operation (G);
Engine RPM display (H) for displaying the RPM size of the engine by a needle-shaped indicator on the RPM size display graph of a shape including a part of a circular arc;
an engine coolant temperature display (ruler) that displays the engine coolant temperature as a bar graph extending in the vertical direction;
engine oil pressure display (car) showing engine oil pressure as a bar graph extending in the vertical direction;
an engine fuel display (car) indicating an engine fuel amount as a bar graph extending in a vertical direction;
Power generation capacity display (other) for displaying the power generation capacity of the generator by a needle-shaped indicator on the power generation capacity (kW) size display graph including a part of the arc;
Generator generation output current display (wave) indicating the magnitude of the generation output current (A) with three bar graphs extending in the vertical direction;
Generator output voltage display (bottom) indicating the magnitude of the generation output voltage (V) with three bar graphs extending in the vertical direction;
an engine start preparation button (A) for preparing the engine start of the emergency generator;
an engine start button (B) for starting the engine of the emergency generator;
Engine stop button (C) for stopping the engine of the emergency generator;
ACB switch ON operation button (D) for the ACB switch ON of the ACB circuit breaker (G); and
ACB switch OFF operation button for ACB switch OFF of the ACB breaker (G) (E)
including,
When the engine coolant temperature of the emergency generator exceeds 90 degrees, the emergency generator is automatically stopped,
When the engine stop button (C) is pressed twice in the stop state of the emergency generator, the current control device is reset.

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