KR20210071775A - Programable constant current pulse (pwm) charging apparatus and method - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a device for charging a constant current pulse (PWN) with an adjustable current value in a programmable manner, which comprises: a constant current supply unit for charging a battery with a supply power in a constant current pulse (PWM); a control unit for controlling a constant current value in accordance with a charge state of the battery, and generating the constant current pulse (PWM); and a low-pass filter unit for performing low-pass filtering on a PWM signal generated from the control unit to convert the same into a DC voltage level, supplying the same to a positive (+) terminal of a comparator of the constant current supply unit to be used as a reference voltage, and adjusting the constant current value to implement the constant current pulse. The optimal method for fast charging with a large amount of current is a constant current charging method in which a charging current value can be arbitrarily adjusted. When a current duration is maintained for 200 ms or more, the current duration causes a polarization phenomenon due to overcurrent. Also, when the duration of a charging current is equal to or less than 100 ms, the charging current is not limited, and an electron movement speed increases to be in an optimal state for fast charging, and thus, the constant current pulse charging with an adjustable charging current value is the best fast charging method.

Description

{PROGRAMABLE CONSTANT CURRENT PULSE (PWM) CHARGING APPARATUS AND METHOD}

The present invention relates to a battery charging device, and more particularly, to a PWM charging device using a constant current, and more particularly, to a PWM charging device using a constant current in which a constant current value can be programmed.

The battery charging method may be basically divided into a constant voltage charging method and a constant current charging method. The constant voltage charging method is rarely used because of the problem that the charging time is too long, and the constant current charging method is not used due to the problem that the storage battery cannot be fully charged. A recent general charging method is a method of charging with a constant current at the beginning of charging and charging with a constant voltage after a certain amount of charging is achieved. In the initial stage of charging, fast charging is possible by charging with a constant charging current. After a certain amount of charging, the battery is charged with a constant voltage because the charging voltage of the battery has risen.

On the other hand, in the pulse charging method, unlike constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) charging, since the accumulation of charges is reduced, the concentration polarization phenomenon in the electrode can be minimized. This not only improves the charging speed of the storage battery, but also maintains a long lifespan by preventing the concentration polarization phenomenon. However, since it is necessary to use a voltage higher than the charging voltage, it is not used because it may cause damage to the built-in charger if it needs to be charged through a built-in charger such as a smartphone.

Although the pulse (PWM) charging method has advantages in terms of charging speed and lifespan, it has a fatal disadvantage that it cannot be used for charging devices with a built-in charger IC.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a charging device of a constant current pulse (PWM) method in which a current value is programmable.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a charging method of a constant current pulse (PWM) method in which the current value is programmable.

The programmable constant current pulse (PWM) charging device with adjustable current value according to the object of the present invention as described above receives the charging supply power and outputs a programmable constant current pulse (PWM) whose current value can be adjusted so that a battery or a charger IC is built-in. A constant current supply unit that charges a battery (hereinafter referred to as a battery), a charging voltage sensing unit that detects the charging voltage, and a PWM for generating and controlling the battery charging current and charging pulse (PWM) by receiving a signal from the charging voltage sensing unit The control unit may be configured to include a low-pass filter that converts the PWM signal supplied from the control unit into a DC signal and provides the same to the constant current supply unit.

Here, the constant current supply unit includes a comparator and a switching device, and the switching device includes a plurality of semiconductor switching devices and includes at least one of a transistor, a field effect transistor (FET), and an insulated gate bipolar mode transistor (IGBT). can be

And the control unit may be configured to adjust the voltage level of the DC signal output from the low-pass filter unit by changing the duty cycle of the PWM signal to control the constant current current value of the constant current supply unit and generate a pulse (PWM) output. have.

The control unit may be configured to vary a duty cycle of the PWM signal according to a preset program.

According to another object of the present invention described above, a method for charging a constant current pulse (PWM) in which a current value is programmable is adjustable, the method comprising: a controller outputting a PWM signal; generating, by a low pass filter, a DC signal of a predetermined voltage level (Level) by receiving the PWM signal output from the control unit and performing low pass filtering; adjusting the output of the output constant current value by supplying the low-pass filter to the positive (+) input terminal of the comparator of the constant current supply unit; It may be configured to include the step of sensing the output voltage of the constant current supply unit and supplying it to the control unit.

And the control unit may be configured to adjust the voltage level of the DC signal output from the low-pass filter unit by changing the duty cycle of the PWM signal to control the constant current current value of the constant current supply unit and generate a pulse (PWM) output. have.

The control unit may be configured to vary a duty cycle of the PWM signal according to a preset program.

According to the constant current pulse (PWM) charging device and method in which the current value can be controlled programmably, the voltage level (Level) of the positive (+) input terminal of the comparator of the constant current supply is configured to be variable as needed, thereby supplying the constant current supply It has the effect of arbitrarily adjusting the constant current current value and generating a constant current pulse (PWM).

In addition, it is configured to select a wide constant current output current value within the charging voltage range as needed, so that various charging methods that can extend the battery life can be implemented as needed.

It is possible to prevent an overvoltage state, and it is possible to change the constant current value as necessary, thereby preventing an overcurrent charging state and preventing battery polarization, thereby prolonging the battery lifespan.

Due to the periodic change of the charging current, the movement speed of electrons is increased, so that the accumulation of charges is reduced and the concentration polarization phenomenon in the electrode can be minimized.

1 is a block diagram of a constant current pulse (PWM) charging device capable of programmably controlling a current value according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention may have various changes and may have various embodiments, and specific embodiments will be illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the specific content for carrying out the invention. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, and it should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention. In describing each figure, like reference numerals have been used for like components.

Terms such as first, second, A, and B may be used to describe various elements, but the elements should not be limited by the terms. The above terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, a first element may be termed a second element without departing from the scope of the present invention, and similarly the terms second and/or refer to a combination of a plurality of related described items or a plurality of related described items. Contains any of the items.

When an element is referred to as being “connected” or “connected” to another element, it is understood that it may be directly connected or connected to the other element, but other elements may exist in between. it should be On the other hand, when it is said that a certain element is "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that no other element is present in the middle.

The terms used in the present application are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present application, terms such as “comprise” or “have” are intended to designate that a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification exists, but one or more other features It should be understood that this does not preclude the existence or addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical and scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related art, and should not be interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal meaning unless explicitly defined in the present application. does not

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram of a constant current pulse (PWM) charging apparatus capable of programmably controlling a current value according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a constant current circuit according to the related art. 3 is an embodiment of a constant current circuit of the present invention in which a constant current value can be arbitrarily adjusted by changing the PWM duty cycle to a DC level using a low-pass filter, and FIG. 4 is voltage sensing according to an embodiment of the present invention. This is the circuit diagram of the module.

Referring to FIG. 1 , a constant current pulse (PWM) charging device capable of programmably controlling a current value according to an embodiment of the present invention may be configured to include a constant current supply unit, a low-pass filter unit, a control unit, and a voltage sensing unit. Hereinafter, a detailed configuration will be described.

The constant current supply part is composed of a constant current circuit composed of a switching element and a comparator, and the constant current current value can be arbitrarily adjusted by arbitrarily adjusting the reference voltage to the positive (+) terminal of the comparator. It can be implemented by changing the reference voltage of the positive (+) input terminal of the comparator to a large current and a small current state such as an Off state.

The global filter unit low-pass filters the PWM signal generated by the control unit, changes it to a DC voltage level, and supplies it as a reference voltage of the positive (+) input terminal of the comparator of the constant current supply unit.

The control unit detects the charging voltage through the voltage sensing unit. When the charging voltage exceeds the charging upper limit voltage, the PWM duty cycle is changed to reduce the constant current current value. If the charging voltage is within the charging fast charging voltage range, the constant current current value is set to the maximum current value. control to be set.

The voltage sensing unit senses the battery charging voltage and supplies a control voltage state to the control unit.

110: constant current supply
111: switching element
112: comparator
120: low-pass filter unit
130: control unit
140: voltage sensing unit

Claims (1)

A constant current supply unit that charges the battery by outputting a constant current pulse from the charging supply power A control unit that detects the battery charge state through a voltage sensing unit to generate a charging constant current current value and a constant current pulse, and converts the PWM signal generated from the control unit to a DC voltage level Programmable constant current pulse (PWM) charging device comprising a low-pass filter unit for converting and supplying the constant current supply unit

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