KR20210069451A - Battery management system and controlling method thereof, and battery pack including same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery management system, a control method thereof, and a battery pack having the same. The present invention comprises: a battery module having a plurality of battery cells and configured to provide power to a vehicle; and a battery management system having a first circuit configured to be operated by first voltage supplied from a storage battery mounted in the vehicle and a second circuit configured to be operated by second voltage lower than the first voltage supplied from the storage battery. The second voltage is supplied from the power separately provided from the storage battery to have excellent efficiency and remove noise during operation.

Description

BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND CONTROLLING METHOD THEREOF, AND BATTERY PACK INCLUDING SAME

The present invention relates to a battery management system, a control method thereof, and a battery pack including the same.

Recently, with the spread of electronic devices such as smartphones and the development of electric vehicles, research on secondary batteries as a power supply source is also being actively conducted. The secondary battery is provided in the form of a battery pack including a battery module in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in series and/or in parallel, and a battery management system (BMS) that manages the operation of the battery module.

The battery management system in the battery pack requires a separate power source to operate processors such as a microcomputer or various circuits. In the case of a battery pack applied to a vehicle such as an electric vehicle, power required for the operation of the battery management system was supplied using a low drop out (LDO) regulator or a switched mode power supply (SMPS). That is, power having a voltage of 12V or 24V is supplied from a lead-acid battery provided in the vehicle and converted into a voltage (eg, 5V or 3.3V) required for the operation of the battery management system. However, when the LDO regulator is used, there is a problem in that energy conversion efficiency is lowered. In addition, when SMPS is used, there is no problem in terms of energy conversion efficiency, but there is a problem of generating noise.

The present invention has been made in view of this situation, and a battery management system capable of providing a voltage required by the battery management system with a simple configuration while suppressing a reduction in efficiency or noise generation due to voltage conversion, and a control method thereof, and including the same An object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack that

In order to solve the above technical problem, according to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a battery module including a plurality of battery cells, configured to provide power to the vehicle; and a battery management system including a first circuit configured to operate by a first voltage supplied from a storage battery mounted in the vehicle, and a second circuit configured to operate by a second voltage lower than the first voltage supplied by the storage battery; and, the second voltage is supplied from a power source provided separately from the storage battery.

According to another feature of this embodiment, it may further include a battery for driving the BMS that outputs the second voltage as a separately provided power source.

According to another feature of this embodiment, the battery for driving the BMS may be configured to be rechargeable by a storage battery.

According to another feature of this embodiment, the BMS driving battery may be configured to be charged with power supplied to a USB terminal provided in the vehicle.

According to another feature of this embodiment, power supplied to a USB terminal provided in a vehicle may be used as a separately provided power source.

According to another feature of this embodiment, the battery management system may not include a circuit for converting a voltage different from the second voltage into the second voltage.

According to another feature of this embodiment, power having the second voltage may be directly applied to a terminal provided in the battery management system from a separately provided power source.

According to another feature of this embodiment, the first circuit may be a wake-up circuit of the battery management system or a circuit for controlling a contactor controlling power supply to the vehicle.

According to another feature of this embodiment, the second circuit may include an MCU or a CAN communication circuit.

In order to solve the above technical problem, according to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a first circuit configured to operate by a first voltage supplied from a storage battery mounted in a vehicle; and a second circuit configured to operate by a second voltage lower than the first voltage supplied by the storage battery, wherein the second voltage is supplied from a power source provided separately from the storage battery.

According to another feature of this embodiment, power supplied from a battery for driving the BMS that outputs the second voltage may be used as a separately provided power source.

According to another feature of this embodiment, power supplied to a USB terminal provided in a vehicle may be used as a separately provided power source.

In order to solve the above technical problem, according to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, as a control method of a battery management system for managing a battery module configured to provide power for driving a vehicle, a storage battery mounted on a vehicle For operation of the first circuit configured to operate by the first voltage supplied from To this end, there is provided a control method of a supplied battery management system, characterized in that the second voltage is supplied from a power source provided separately from the storage battery.

According to the battery management system according to the embodiments of the present invention as described above, it is possible to remove noise during operation while having good efficiency with a simple configuration.

1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a diagram schematically illustrating a power supply method of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a power supply method of a battery management system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a diagram schematically illustrating a power supply method of a conventional battery management system.
5 is a graph for explaining noise generated in an SMPS during operation of a conventional battery management system.
6 is a diagram schematically illustrating a power supply method of a battery management system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this document, the same reference numerals are used for the same components in the drawings, and duplicate descriptions of the same components are omitted.

For various embodiments of the present invention disclosed in this document, specific structural or functional descriptions are only exemplified for the purpose of describing the embodiments of the present invention, and various embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in various forms. and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described in this document.

Expressions such as "first", "second", "first", or "second" used in various embodiments may modify various components regardless of order and/or importance, do not limit For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be referred to as the second component, and similarly, the second component may also be renamed to the first component.

Terms used in this document are only used to describe specific embodiments, and may not be intended to limit the scope of other embodiments. The singular expression may include the plural expression unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 , a battery system may include a battery pack 1 , an upper controller 2 that is a controller of a vehicle, etc. on which the battery pack 1 is mounted, and a storage battery 3 mounted on a vehicle or the like.

The battery pack 1 is made of one or more battery cells, and is connected in series to a chargeable/dischargeable battery module 10 and a + terminal side or a - terminal side of the battery module 10 to charge/discharge the battery module 10 . A battery management system that controls and manages the switching unit 30 for controlling the current flow, and monitoring the voltage, current, temperature, etc. of the battery cell and/or the battery module 10 to prevent overcharging and overdischarging ( 20) (hereinafter referred to as 'BMS'). In addition, the battery pack 1 according to the present embodiment further includes a battery 40 for driving the BMS.

The battery module 10 includes a plurality of chargeable and dischargeable battery cells 11 . The battery cell 11 may be a lithium ion (Li-ion) battery, a lithium ion polymer battery, a nickel cadmium (Ni-Cd) battery, a nickel hydrogen (Ni-MH) battery, etc., but is not limited thereto. does not Electric energy stored in the battery module 10 may be supplied to a vehicle in which the battery pack 1 is mounted and used as a power source of the vehicle. That is, the battery module 10 may be configured to provide power for driving a vehicle. In addition, the battery module 10 may be used as a power source for various electric fields of the vehicle.

The BMS 20 may control the operation of the switching unit 30 to control charging and discharging of the battery module 10 . In addition, the BMS 20 may monitor the voltage, current, temperature, etc. of the battery module 10 and/or each battery cell 11 included in the battery module 10 . In addition, for monitoring by the BMS 20 , a sensor or various measurement modules not shown may be additionally installed in the battery module 10 , a charging/discharging path, or an arbitrary location such as the battery pack 1 . The BMS 20 may calculate a parameter indicating the state of the battery module 10 , for example, SOC or SOH, based on the monitored measured values such as voltage, current, and temperature.

The BMS 20 controls and manages the overall operation of the battery pack 1 . To this end, the BMS 20 may include various configurations such as a microcomputer as a controller for executing a program and controlling the overall operation of the BMS 20, input/output devices such as sensors or measuring means, and other peripheral circuits.

The BMS 20 includes means for supplying the power necessary for its operation. In this case, the BMS 20 does not include a voltage conversion means to supply a voltage used in a processor such as a microcomputer, and other various circuits. For example, the BMS 20 does not include a circuit for converting the voltage from the storage battery 3 into a voltage required for the operation of the microcomputer. The circuit for converting the voltage refers to, for example, an LDO regulator or an SMPS. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various circuits for voltage conversion may be included here, and such circuits are not included in the BMS 20 . A detailed structure of the BMS 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described later.

The switching unit 30 is a semiconductor switching device for controlling a current flow for charging or discharging of the battery module 10 , and for example, at least one MOSFET may be used.

The battery 40 for driving the BMS is a power source provided separately from the battery module 10 and the storage battery 3 . The BMS driving battery 40 is a rechargeable battery. The BMS driving battery 40 outputs a voltage different from the voltage output from the storage battery 3 . The voltage output from the BMS driving battery 40 is the same voltage as the voltage required for the operation of a processor such as a microcomputer of the BMS 20 and various circuits. That is, the voltage output by the BMS driving battery 40 is configured so that there is no need to transform the voltage to be used in a processor such as a microcomputer of the BMS 20 and various circuits.

Although not shown, the BMS driving battery 40 is configured to be chargeable using power from the storage battery 3 . That is, a charging circuit for charging the BMS driving battery 40 may be further included. Such a charging circuit may be provided inside the BMS 20 . However, when voltage conversion is required for charging the BMS driving battery 40 , a circuit for voltage conversion should be provided outside the BMS 20 .

The battery pack 1 may further be communicatively connected with an external upper controller 2 . That is, the battery pack 1 may transmit various data about the battery pack 1 to the host controller 2 , and may receive a control signal related to the operation of the battery pack 1 from the host controller 2 .

The host controller 2 may be a vehicle controller for controlling a vehicle such as an electric vehicle in which the battery pack 1 is mounted.

The storage battery 3 is a battery for supplying electric power to the electric field of the vehicle. The electrical energy stored in the storage battery 3 may be converted into an appropriate voltage and used as a power source of power supplied to the USB terminal of the vehicle. The storage battery 3 may be a lead acid battery or the like, but is not limited thereto.

2 is a diagram schematically illustrating a power supply method of the battery management system 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2 , the battery pack 1a includes a BMS 20 and a battery 40 for driving the BMS. And the BMS 20 includes a circuit (first circuit) configured to operate by a voltage supplied from the storage battery 3 and a circuit configured to operate by a voltage lower than the voltage supplied by the storage battery 3 (second circuit). include Here, the voltage output from the storage battery 3 may be, for example, 12V or 24V. In addition, the voltage output from the BMS driving battery 40 may be, for example, 5V or 3.3V. Alternatively, the BMS driving battery 40 may be configured to output a plurality of voltages. Alternatively, the BMS driving battery 40 may be configured by combining a plurality of batteries each capable of outputting one voltage.

The second circuit may include an MCU 21 which is a microcomputer, a CAN module 22 including a CAN communication circuit for CAN communication, and the like. In addition, various circuits not shown necessary for the operation of the BMS 20 may be included in the BMS 20 as the second circuit. The MCU 21 and the CAN module 22 are circuits configured to be operable with the voltage output from the BMS driving battery 40 . In other words, the voltage output by the BMS driving battery 40 is configured so that the MCU 21 and the CAN module 22 can use it as it is without converting the voltage. Therefore, the LDO regulator or SMPS is not included in the BMS 20 .

The voltage output by the BMS driving battery 40 is lower than the voltage output by the storage battery 3 .

Meanwhile, the BMS 20 is also supplied with power from the existing storage battery 3 . However, in the case of power from the storage battery 3 , the BMS 20 is supplied to the first circuit that can use the voltage output from the storage battery 3 as it is. The first circuit may include a wake-up circuit of the BMS 20 and a circuit for controlling a contactor that controls power supply to the vehicle. These wake-up circuits, circuits for controlling the contactors, and the like are circuits configured to be operable with the voltage output from the storage battery 3 .

In this way, the BMS 20 receives a voltage corresponding to the voltage required by each circuit for the operation of the first circuit and the second circuit from the storage battery 3 and the BMS driving battery 40 . Therefore, the BMS 20 does not need to include a voltage conversion means such as an LDO regulator or SMPS therein.

The BMS driving battery 40 is configured to be chargeable by the storage battery 3 . For this purpose, a charging circuit (not shown) may be additionally included. Such a charging circuit may include a switch for controlling charging and discharging and a circuit for converting a voltage. In this case, the switch may be included in the BMS 20 , but a circuit for converting a voltage may be preferably provided outside the BMS 20 .

The battery 40 for driving the BMS needs to be charged using the power of the storage battery 3 only enough to output the voltage (eg, 5V) required by the first circuit. When the output voltage of the BMS driving battery 40 exceeds 5V, the switch of the charging circuit is turned off to prevent overcharging. Conversely, when the output voltage of the BMS driving battery 40 is lower than the voltage required by the first circuit, charging is started so that the BMS 20 is not turned off or down.

3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a power supply method of the battery management system 1a according to another embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the configuration of the battery pack 1a is the same as that of FIG. 2 . Accordingly, the battery pack 1a includes a BMS 20 and a battery 40 for driving the BMS. In addition, the BMS 20 includes a first circuit operated by the voltage supplied from the storage battery 3 and a second circuit operated by the voltage supplied from the BMS driving battery 40 . These first and second circuits are operated using power supplied from the storage battery 3 and the BMS driving battery 40 without voltage conversion, respectively.

However, in this embodiment, the battery 40 for driving the BMS is configured to be chargeable with power supplied to the USB terminal of the vehicle. That is, the BMS driving battery 40 is connected to the USB power supply 4 provided in the vehicle. And when charging is required, the battery 40 for driving the BMS is charged with power from the USB power source 4 .

In this embodiment, as in FIG. 2 , a charging circuit may be additionally included. Such a charging circuit may include a switch for controlling charging and discharging and a circuit for converting a voltage. In this case, the switch may be included in the BMS 20 , but a circuit for converting a voltage may be preferably provided outside the BMS 20 . However, since the voltage supplied by the USB power source 4 is approximately 5V, voltage conversion may not be necessary to charge the BMS driving battery 40 . In this case, only a switch for charging and discharging may be included in or outside the BMS 20 .

4 is a diagram schematically illustrating a power supply method of the conventional battery management system 100 .

Referring to FIG. 4 , a circuit such as an SMPS 130 for voltage conversion has been conventionally provided in the BMS 100 . The SMPS 130 converts the voltage output from the storage battery 200 into a voltage required by the MCU 110 or the CAN module 120 , and supplies the converted voltage to the MCU 110 or the CAN module 120 . did. However, as described above, the SMPS 130 generates a lot of noise during operation. Although noise removal is attempted by adding a Pi-fileter or an optimized design of the SPMS 130 , the noise cannot be completely removed, and the noise source itself cannot be removed as long as the SPMS 130 exists.

5 is a graph for explaining what is generated in the SMPS during operation of the conventional battery management system 100 .

As can be seen from FIG. 5 , a lot of noise is generated. The SMPS 130 generates a voltage with a PWM signal, and a lot of ringing occurs due to various parasitic components and characteristics of the pulse itself. As a result, the SMPS 130 generates a large amount of electromagnetic noise. Accordingly, noise generated during the operation of the BMS 100 may affect various circuits.

However, as described above, the BMS 20 according to the embodiments of the present invention does not include a voltage conversion circuit such as the SMPS 130 therein. Accordingly, electromagnetic noise as described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 cannot be generated, and reliability of the operation of the BMS 20 can be improved.

6 is a diagram schematically illustrating a power supply method of the battery management system 20 according to another embodiment of the present invention.

As in the previous embodiments, the BMS 20 includes a first circuit operated by a voltage supplied from the storage battery 3 and a second circuit operated by a voltage lower than the voltage supplied from the storage battery 3 . includes a circuit. And the first circuit is operated by using the power supplied from the storage battery 3 without converting the voltage.

However, in the present embodiment, the battery pack 1b does not include the BMS driving battery 40 therein. Accordingly, the second circuit uses the USB power source 4 provided outside the battery pack 1b as a power source. That is, the second circuit is operated using the power supplied to the USB terminal provided to the vehicle as a power source provided separately from the storage battery 4 . The second circuits are mainly circuits operating at 5V, and since 5V is also supplied to the USB terminal, the BMS 20 does not need to provide a circuit for voltage conversion therein. That is, in the present embodiment, the voltage required for the operation of the second circuit is directly applied to the terminal provided in the BMS 20 from the USB power source.

In the present embodiment, since it is not necessary to include a separate battery and a charging circuit for charging the same in the battery pack 1b, space utilization of the battery pack 1 can be maximized. In addition, there is no need to provide a separate control logic for charging a separate battery.

As described above, the BMS 20 according to the embodiments of the present invention receives a first voltage from the storage battery 3 for the operation of the first circuit configured to operate by the voltage supplied from the storage battery 3 mounted on the vehicle. A power source (BMS driving battery 40 or USB power supply (BMS driving battery 40) or USB power source (BMS driving battery 40) provided separately from the storage battery 3 for the operation of the second circuit configured to be supplied and operated by a second voltage lower than the first voltage supplied by the storage battery 3 The operation is controlled by receiving the second voltage from 4)).

Accordingly, the BMS 20 according to the embodiments of the present invention does not include a voltage conversion circuit such as an SMPS therein. Accordingly, electromagnetic noise cannot be generated, and reliability of the operation of the BMS 20 can be improved.

In addition, terms such as "include", "compose", or "have" described above mean that the component may be inherent unless otherwise stated, so other components are excluded. Rather, it should be construed as being able to include other components further. All terms, including technical or scientific terms, may be interpreted as having the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, unless otherwise defined. Terms commonly used, such as those defined in the dictionary, should be interpreted as being consistent with the contextual meaning of the related art, and are not interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal meaning unless explicitly defined in the present invention.

The above description is merely illustrative of the technical spirit of the present invention, and various modifications and variations will be possible without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not intended to limit the technical spirit of the present invention, but to explain, and the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention should be interpreted by the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope equivalent thereto should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

1, 1a, 1b battery pack 2 host controller
3 Battery 4 USB Power
10 Battery Module 20 Battery Management System
30 Switching unit 40 BMS driving battery

Claims (13)

a battery module comprising a plurality of battery cells and configured to provide power to a vehicle; and
a battery management system comprising: a first circuit configured to operate by a first voltage supplied from a battery mounted on the vehicle; and a second circuit configured to operate by a second voltage lower than a first voltage supplied by the battery; including,
The second voltage is supplied from a power source provided separately from the storage battery. The method according to claim 1,
The battery pack further comprising a BMS driving battery for outputting the second voltage as the separately provided power source. 3. The method according to claim 2,
The battery pack for driving the BMS is configured to be rechargeable by the storage battery. 3. The method according to claim 2,
The battery pack for driving the BMS is configured to be charged with power supplied to a USB terminal provided by the vehicle. The method according to claim 1,
The battery pack, characterized in that using the power supplied to the USB terminal provided in the vehicle as the separately provided power source. The method according to claim 1,
and the battery management system does not include a circuit for converting a voltage different from the second voltage into the second voltage. The method according to claim 1,
The battery pack, characterized in that the power having the second voltage is directly applied to the terminal provided in the battery management system from the separately provided power source. The method according to claim 1,
The first circuit is a wake-up circuit of the battery management system or a circuit for controlling a contactor controlling power supply to the vehicle. The method according to claim 1,
The second circuit comprises an MCU or a CAN communication circuit. a first circuit configured to operate by a first voltage supplied from a storage battery mounted in the vehicle; and
a second circuit configured to operate by a second voltage lower than the first voltage supplied by the storage battery;
The second voltage is supplied from a power source provided separately from the storage battery. 11. The method of claim 10,
Battery management system, characterized in that using the power supplied from the BMS driving battery that outputs the second voltage as the separately provided power source. 11. The method of claim 10,
The battery management system, characterized in that using the power supplied to the USB terminal provided in the vehicle as the separately provided power source. A control method of a battery management system for managing a battery module configured to provide power for driving a vehicle, comprising:
receiving a first voltage from the storage battery for operation of a first circuit configured to operate by a first voltage supplied from a storage battery mounted on the vehicle;
For the operation of a second circuit configured to operate by a second voltage lower than the first voltage supplied by the storage battery, the second voltage is supplied from a power source provided separately from the storage battery. control method.

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