KR20210045886A - Fuel Oil Production Equipment of Waste Vinyl Using Non-catalytic Pyrolysis - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fuel oil manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing alternative fuel oil by thermally decomposing plastic waste for agricultural and fisheries use, which is discarded after being used in large quantities in rural areas and fishing villages, and, more particularly, to an apparatus for manufacturing fuel oil of plastic waste using a non-catalytic thermal decomposition reaction for manufacturing alternative fuel oil that maximizes thermal decomposition efficiency while minimizing the generation of low-grade wax through a pressure-circulating continuous thermal decomposition reaction and at the same time as a non-catalytic process. The present invention is left on farmland in rural areas and dryly crushes black mulching plastic waste, which accounts for 80% of inorganic substances and moisture by weight, and undergoes a drying process. After shaking off the inorganic substances, it is melted and stabilized at least 3 times in the pyrolysis tank to separate the inorganic substances, and the generation of wax generated from plastic can be converted into liquid oil through incineration treatment of separated inorganic matter, purification of molten reactants and gases, and pressure pyrolysis by multi-layer spray plate. By using the decomposed gas generated during the emulsification process as an auxiliary fuel, it is possible to reduce fuel consumption.

Description

Fuel Oil Production Equipment of Waste Vinyl Using Non-catalytic Pyrolysis}

The present invention relates to a fuel oil manufacturing apparatus for producing alternative fuel oil by pyrolyzing waste vinyl for agricultural and fishery that is discarded after being used in a large amount in rural areas and fishing villages, and more particularly, a catalyst-free process and a pressure-circulating continuous pyrolysis reaction. The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing fuel oil for waste vinyl using a catalytic pyrolysis reaction that maximizes pyrolysis efficiency while minimizing the generation of low-grade wax.

Waste vinyl and waste plastics, which are discarded after being used in large quantities in farming and fishing villages, are used as substitutes for raw materials that are simple to recycle, and some of the raw materials are crushed and mixed.

However, some of the waste vinyl generated in the above farming and fishing villages is used as a substitute for raw materials, such as those that are clean, such as used as a roof of a green house, but it is severely affected by inorganic and organic substances by spreading seeds or planting seedlings and spraying pesticides by making holes in the ground. Contaminated waste vinyl for mulching is not easy to recycle, so the collected waste vinyl is pre-treated with a wet method. At this time, it is difficult for private companies to recover investment costs due to the high cost of the work.

In order to improve these problems, the state and local organizations are collecting and processing some parts for the public interest.

Waste vinyl treated in the public interest is subjected to dry pretreatment and then incinerated again or supplied to the industry and used as a heat source using waste vinyl in the received business, so at this time, there is a problem of generating secondary environmental pollution again. .

In addition, when the waste vinyl is pyrolyzed without a catalyst, wax is produced, but there are many problems in using such wax as a general fuel, and it is technically inadequate. Therefore, reforming into a liquid fuel using a catalyst is attempted.

However, when reforming using a catalyst is attempted, the coke produced by pyrolysis blocks the pores of the catalyst, resulting in a rapid decrease in catalytic activity, shortening the lifespan, and thus loss of opportunities due to catalyst replacement/regeneration. Due to the high cost burden, the threshold for commercialization is only high.

In addition, the screw feeder is used to facilitate the injection into the pyrolysis device of the waste plastic. However, slipping and clogging of the screw occurs depending on the diversification of raw materials and the moisture content, and depending on the amount of inorganic substances mixed with the raw material, the screw Since the rib wears severely, it has to be replaced or repaired every 2 to 3 months, causing production disruption.

In addition, the agitator type pyrolysis furnace has low heat transfer efficiency, coking in high temperature areas, and the size of the pyrolysis machine, making it impossible to continuously operate a large capacity for a long period of time, and furthermore, due to the proliferation of coking caused by pyrolysis, the continuous operation becomes dissatisfied. The purpose of pyrolysis is to use a thin-film pyrolysis machine with high heat transfer effect.

The present invention was invented to solve the above-described problems, and in particular, since the waste vinyl for mulching is pyrolyzed without a catalyst, the fuel oil of waste vinyl using a catalytic pyrolysis reaction to produce an alternative fuel oil by minimizing the generation of low-grade wax. It aims to provide a manufacturing apparatus.

Dry crushed and dried white or black mulching waste vinyl, which is left unattended in rural areas and accounts for 80% by weight of inorganic matter and moisture, and puts the inorganic matter into a melting device to melt it three times or more to stabilize it, and separate and incinerate the inorganic matter. Simplification of waste treatment by minimizing the regeneration of the treated waste, and the above process is a catalyst-free process, and at the same time, the molten reactant is recycled and re-decomposition is induced by different heat sources, maximizing pyrolysis efficiency and a thin-film spray plate structure. Its purpose is to adopt a pressure pyrolysis method that minimizes the generation of low-grade wax and adopts the process of.

The present invention is capable of catalytic emulsification and uses a conventional screw, thus improving the shortcomings caused by frequent wear of the screw rib due to the supply of waste vinyl containing a large amount of inorganic and moisture, and performing thermal decomposition with a thin film multi-layer spray plate for a long period of time. It is a pressure type and a circulation type of pyrolysis, so it is possible to convert the generation of wax from vinyl into liquid oil, and vacuum distillation is intended, so that even if only a small amount of additional thermal energy is supplied, it is distilled. The thermoeconomic features of the process and the use of the decomposition gas generated during the emulsification process as auxiliary fuel can reduce the consumption of fuel, and supply it as heat of fusion and decomposition, and the waste heat of the exhaust gas that is discarded is moistened and contains inorganic matter. Since vinyl is used as a heat source for drying, it is a useful invention that exhibits features that can maximize energy efficiency.

1 is an explanatory view of a waste vinyl supply unit for compressing and supplying dried mulching waste vinyl of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a process diagram by the thermal decomposition reaction of the mulching waste vinyl without catalyst of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus for producing fuel oil of waste vinyl using a catalytic pyrolysis reaction according to the present invention.

The present invention is a waste vinyl supply unit for supplying crushed waste vinyl to achieve the above object, a melting unit connected to one side of the waste vinyl supply unit to melt the introduced waste vinyl, and on one side of the waste vinyl melting unit A pyrolysis unit connected to and installed to pyrolyze the introduced waste vinyl, a purification unit connected to one side of the pyrolysis unit to purify the decomposed gas with a vacuum, and a terminal of the purification unit to provide a vacuum of the purification unit and supply uncondensed gas as an auxiliary fuel Compressor 65 that compresses for use as a furnace, consisting of a sludge treatment unit connected to one side of the melting unit to reduce the amount of waste in the ash furnace by combusting inorganic substances such as soil and non-emulsified non-emulsified substances contained in waste vinyl. The unit is composed of first, second, and third melting tanks operated at 250 to 425°C, and is configured to circulate and supply the high-temperature reactants generated in the pyrolysis unit to the melting bath.

The pyrolysis reaction means in the above uses a drum-type reactor for storing high-temperature reactants and a circulation pump to continuously inflow and inject the reactants of the drum-type reactor to the upper spray plate of the thin film pyrolysis machine, and the wall by the rotation of the spray plate. The microscopic droplets sprayed toward the side contain a cyclone that separates the decomposed gas generated by evaporation by contact with the heated wall and the undecomposed product that follows.

Since the droplets sprayed onto the wall do not evaporate completely and some of the droplets come out, it is possible to maximize the decomposition effect by performing the decomposition process in multiple times by the rotating multi-layered spray plate installed in several stages below. I did.

The decompression distillation means is preferably operated at a pressure of 400 to 600 mmHg lower than normal pressure, and the uncondensed gas recovered from the decompression distiller is compressed to 5 atmospheres and stored as a heat source that supplies the heat of decomposition of the multilayer thin-film spray plate pyrolysis machine. Is used.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is an explanatory diagram of a waste vinyl supply unit for compressing and supplying dried mulching waste vinyl according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a process diagram according to a catalytic pyrolysis reaction of waste mulching vinyl according to the present invention.

As shown in the above drawing, the present invention is a waste product having an injector 10 for collecting various waste vinyls that are discarded after use in rural areas, fishing villages, etc., crushing and drying them with a known cutter, and supplying dried waste vinyl for mulching. Composes the vinyl supply unit 100, but if the pressure is excessive in the process of transferring the waste vinyl to the air, since it causes an obstacle to the transfer, a weight type safety plate 11 is provided to remove the excessive pressure at the top of the feeder, and the supplied waste Each of the first and second pushers (13, 13-1) is provided in the pair of input passages (12, 12-1) for compressing and supplying vinyl, and the first and second pushers (13, 13-1) Injector 10 having first and second gate valves 14 and 14-1 for controlling the waste vinyl bundle A obtained by first compressing the supplied waste vinyl while descending, and the first and second gates The secondary compression cylinder 20 and the compression piston 21 for secondary compression of the waste vinyl bundles (A) transferred through the valves 14 and 14-1 are the first and second gate valves 14 and 14-1. ) And the knife gate valve 22 is configured at the tip to supply the secondary compressed waste vinyl bundles (A) to the first melting tank 31 to be described later, and the compression cylinder 20 is compressed in the forward direction. Compressed piston 21 provided with a safety valve 23 for removing the air, and the first and second pushers 13 and 13-1 are provided with a position limit not shown in the shortest lowering position to stop and transfer The return and first and second gate valves 14 and 14-1 are controlled, and a position limit (not shown) is further provided in the secondary compression cylinder 20 to control the compression piston 21.

A first melting tank (31) configured by being connected to the compression cylinder (20) to melt the waste vinyl bundle (A) transferred through the knife gate valve (22) of the compression cylinder (20) 31), and the third melting bath 33 heated by the burner 32 and the second melting bath 34 heated by the residual heat of the third melting bath 33 sequentially from the first melting bath 31 The melting unit 30, which is configured with a stirrer 35 for increasing the melting effect, and the first melting tank 31 are set at 250°C to prevent fire caused by spontaneous ignition of waste vinyl, and the second melting tank 34 ) Is preferably heated to 350°C and the third melting tank 33 is heated to 425°C, and the second melting tank 34 according to the level at which the waste vinyl bundles (A) supplied to the first melting tank 31 are melted. The second melting tank 34 is supplied to the third melting tank 33 and the melting effect is increased by sequential melting, and the sludge such as non-melting is discharged from the second melting tank 34 to the incinerator 41 It goes to the sludge treatment unit 40 for incineration treatment.

The reaction oil stabilized in the third melting tank 33 is transferred to the first pyrolysis tank 51, heated and decomposed at 450°C, and sent to the second pyrolysis tank 52 for secondary decomposition at 500°C. )Wow,

The first pyrolysis tank 51 includes a stirrer 35 and includes a small rectifying tower 55, and the second pyrolysis tank 52 rotates the multi-layered spray plate 53 that is rotated to provide melting. Oil is injected into the inner surface of the second pyrolysis tank 52 to increase the decomposition effect.

That is, by stirring by the stirrer 35, it is heated and decomposed at a pressure of about 450° C. and 5 atm. It is supplied through the upper injection pipe 56 of the second pyrolysis tank 52, and falls through the injection pipe 56. The reactant is fixed to the rotation shaft of the spray plate rotation motor 57 and falls on the spinning jet plate 53, which is rotated and radiated to the inner wall surface according to the rotation of the jet plate 53 to descend.

At this time, the inner wall surface of the second pyrolysis tank 52 forms an inclined jaw 58, and a spray plate 53 and a second spray plate 53-1 are formed in the upper and lower portions of the inclined jaw 58 to spray a plurality of I did it.

As a result, undecomposed products in the gas pyrolyzed at about 5 atmospheres are separated and re-decomposed in the small rectification tower 55 provided in the cyclone 54 and the first pyrolysis tank 51, and the gas flows into the vacuum distillation tower 61. It is separated according to the evaporation temperature, and the heat of the remaining high boiling point oil is recycled to replenish the heat of fusion of the melting unit 30.

The reaction oil and gas decomposed while the molten oil melted in the above melting part 30 passes through the pyrolysis part 50 are supplied to the vacuum distillation tower 61 through the heat exchanger 62, and the vacuum of the vacuum distillation tower is maintained to reduce the Gas, LO (Light Oil), MO (Medium Oil), HO (Heavy Oil)

Oil), the gas and LO separated from the purification unit are used as heat sources required in the process of emulsifying waste vinyl for mulching, which is the process of the present invention. And MO and HO with a flash point of 42℃ or higher are used as industrial fuels.

At this time, the gas generated in the vacuum distillation tower 61 is cooled with compression 65 through a cooler 63 and a separation drum 64 and stored in a gas storage tank 70 to be used as burner fuel. ), the LO oil separated in the LO storage tank 71 is stored in the LO storage tank 71, and the oil separated by boiling points is stored in the MO storage tank 72 and the HO storage tank 73 through a separation drum, a cooler, and a separation drum.

In addition, the heat supplied and exhausted from the melting unit 30 and the pyrolysis unit 50 of the present invention is supplied to the waste vinyl drying system 80 for drying wet vinyl in the present invention to be used as a drying heat source. .

Reference numeral 19 denotes a pump, 18 denotes a blower, 56 denotes an injection pipe for supplying reactants to the second pyrolysis tank 52, 57 denotes a jet plate for injecting reactants, and 57 denotes a jet plate for rotating the jet plate. The spray plate rotation motor and 53-1 show a second spray plate among a plurality of spray plates.

The operational effects of the present invention configured as described above will be described in detail as follows.

1 is an explanatory diagram of a waste vinyl supply unit for compressing and supplying dried mulching waste vinyl according to the present invention. As shown therein, various waste vinyls that are discarded after use in rural areas, fishing villages, etc. are collected and crushed with a known cutter, The waste vinyl for mulching dried in the waste vinyl drying system 80 is supplied to the injector 10.

When the supplied waste vinyl is loaded into a pair of injection passages (12, 12-1), each of the first and second pushers (13, 13-1) configured in the injection passage descends and the supplied waste vinyl is primary. The compressed and compressed waste vinyl bundle A is supplied to a compression cylinder 20 for secondary compression by opening the first and second gate valves 14 and 14-1.

And while the compression piston 21 is interlocked again, the compressed air in the forward direction is compressed while removing the compressed air in the forward direction with the safety valve 23, and the knife gate valve 22 is opened and secondary compressed to contain lean air. One waste vinyl bundle (A) is supplied to the first melting tank (31).

At this time, the first and second pushers 13 and 13-1 are provided with a position limit not shown in the shortest lowering position to control stop and return, and the first and second gate valves 14 and 14-1, and In addition, a position limit, not shown, is further provided in the secondary compression cylinder 20 to control the compression piston 21.

The waste vinyl bundle (A) is melted at about 250°C by the first melting tank 31, and the molten reactant is transferred to the second melting tank 34 at about 350°C and at 425°C in the third melting tank 33. It is melted sequentially to produce a reactant.

The melt and gas are generated by this melting, and the melt is automatically transferred to the next melting tank according to the liquid level of the melting tank, and the generated gas is transferred to the vacuum distillation tower 61 to undergo a purification process.

In addition, sludge such as non-melting is discharged from the second melting tank 34 to the incinerator 41, and a small amount of sludge transferred from the second melting tank to the third melting tank is periodically discharged from the third melting tank and incinerated.

The uncondensed gas of the reactant gas melted above is used as fuel for the second pyrolysis tank 52.

The reactant melted in the third melting tank 33 is heated and decomposed at a pressure of about 450° C. and 5 atm by stirring by the stirrer 35 of the first pyrolysis tank 51, and the second pyrolysis tank 52 is injected again. It is dropped while falling into the second pyrolysis tank 52 through the pipe 56, and is radiated to the inner wall surface along with the rotation of the spray plate 53 along with the fall on the spray plate 53 that is rotated by the spray plate rotation motor 57. And descend.

At this time, the inner wall surface of the second pyrolysis tank 52 forms an inclined jaw 58, and the reactants flowing from the inclined jaw 58 fall to the second spray plate 53-1 located at the bottom by the flowing speed. It is radiated again by the rotation of the second injection plate 53-1, descending along the inner wall of the second pyrolysis tank 52, and secondarily decomposed at about 500°C and transferred to the vacuum distillation tower 61 of the purification unit 60. do.

In the first pyrolysis tank 51, undecomposed products in the gas pyrolyzed at about 5 atmospheres are separated by a small rectification tower 55 provided at the top of the pyrolysis tank to induce re-pyrrolysis.

In addition, minute droplets sprayed onto the rotating multi-layered spray plate 53 of the second pyrolysis tank 52 and sprayed toward the wall by the rotation of the spray plate 53 are evaporated by contact with the heated wall. The first pyrolysis tank 51 is re-passed through the cyclone separating the decomposed gas and undecomposed products generated here, and some of the droplets hit the wall and protrude, and the multi-layered spray plate 53 is mounted several times. To maximize thermal efficiency.

The reactant gas flows into the vacuum distillation tower 61 and is separated according to the evaporation temperature, and the heat of the remaining high boiling point oil is recycled to replenish the heat of fusion of the melting unit 30.

The reactants melted in the above melting section 30 pass through the pyrolysis section 50 and the decomposed reactants and gas are supplied to the vacuum distillation tower 61 through the heat exchanger 62, and the boiling point difference in the vacuum distillation tower 61 It is classified into Gas, Light Oil (LO), Medium Oil (MO), and Heavy Oil (HO) and stored in each storage tank.

The gas and LO oil separated by the purification unit are used as a heat source required in the process of emulsifying waste vinyl for mulching, which is the process of the present invention. In addition, MO and HO with a flash point of 42°C or higher are used as industrial fuels, and at this time, the gas generated in the vacuum distillation tower 61 is compressed and cooled through a cooler 63 and a separation drum 64 to be stored in a gas storage tank 70. Stored and used as burner fuel.

The LO oil separated from the separation drum 64 is stored in the LO storage tank 71, and the oil separated by boiling points is stored in the MO storage tank 72 and the HO storage tank 73 through the separation drum, cooler, and separation drum. Do it.

The present invention provides a waste vinyl supply unit for supplying crushed waste vinyl, a melting unit for melting the supplied waste vinyl, a pyrolysis unit for pyrolyzing a molten reactant, a purification unit for purifying the decomposed gas in a vacuum, and A simple device consisting of a sludge treatment unit that burns inorganic substances such as soil and unemulsified unemulsified substances, and circulation by the first, second, and third melting tanks to increase the melting effect and maximize the thermal efficiency due to pyrolysis of the multilayer structure. It is one useful invention.

100: waste vinyl supply unit 10: feeder 11: weight-type safety plate
12,12-1: a pair of input passages 13,13-1: 1st and 2nd pushers
14, 14-1: first and second gate valve 20: compression cylinder 21: compression piston
22: knife gate valve 23: safety valve 25: chimney
30: melting part 31: first melting bath 32: burner
33: 3rd melting tank 34: 2nd melting tank 35: stirrer
40: sludge treatment unit 41: incinerator 50: pyrolysis unit
51: first pyrolysis tank 52: second pyrolysis tank 53: spray plate
54: cyclone 55: small distillation tower 60: purification unit
61: vacuum distillation tower 62: heat exchanger 63: cooler
64: separation drum 65: compressor 70: gas storage tank
71: LO storage tank 72: MO storage tank 73: HO storage tank
80: waste vinyl drying system A: waste vinyl bundles

Claims (3)

A waste vinyl supply unit 100 for supplying crushed waste vinyl to a fuel oil production device for waste vinyl using a catalyst-free pyrolysis reaction to produce alternative fuel oil by pyrolyzing waste vinyl, and a connection and installation to one side of the waste vinyl supply unit A melting unit 30 that melts the introduced waste vinyl, a pyrolysis unit 50 connected to one side of the melting unit to pyrolyze the molten reactants, and a purification unit 60 that purifies the gas decomposed in the pyrolysis unit with a vacuum In the fuel oil production apparatus by the thermal decomposition reaction of non-catalytic waste vinyl composed of a sludge treatment unit 40 and a storage tank for burning and disposing of soil, inorganic matter and non-emulsified unemulsified substances contained in waste vinyl. The waste vinyl supply unit 100 includes first and second pushers 13, 13-1 and compressed waste vinyl bundles (A) for compressing the supplied waste vinyl into a pair of input passages 12 and 12-1. Consisting of an injector 10 having first and second gate valves 14, 14-1 for intermittent control, and a compression cylinder 20 and a compression piston 21 for secondary compression of the waste vinyl bundles (A). , The first melting tank 31, the second melting tank 34, and the third melting tank 33 for melting the waste vinyl bundles (A) transferred through the knife gate valve 22 of the compression cylinder 20. A catalyst-free pyrolysis reaction, characterized in that it consists of a melting unit 30 in which) is sequentially configured and a sludge treatment unit 40 for incineration of unmelted sludge in the second melting tank 34 of the melting unit 30 Fuel oil production device of waste vinyl using the. The method of claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis unit 50 is composed of a first pyrolysis tank 51 including a stirrer 35 and a second pyrolysis tank 52 configured to rotate the multilayered spray plate 53. An apparatus for producing fuel oil of waste vinyl using a catalytic pyrolysis reaction, characterized in that. The method of claim 2, wherein the reactants and gases decomposed while passing through the pyrolysis unit 50 are supplied to the vacuum distillation tower 61, and gas, LO (Light Oil), MO (Medium Oil), HO (Heavy Oil) An apparatus for producing fuel oil of waste vinyl using a catalytic pyrolysis reaction, characterized in that it consists of a purification unit 60 that divides it into oil.

Images