KR20210044614A - Depth detection device and dipth detection method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a base material depth detection device which detects depth of a base material buried in the ground, and a depth detection method of the same. The depth detection device comprises: a sensor installed on one surface of a base facility buried in the ground and sensing a signal that a stress wave generated by striking of a striking means on one surface is reflected and returned from the other surface of the base facility; and a processor calculating speed of a compression wave of the stress wave by using the signal and calculating depth between one surface and the other surface by using the speed of the compression wave and a resonant frequency corresponding to the base facility.

Description

Depth detection device and its depth detection method {DEPTH DETECTION DEVICE AND DIPTH DETECTION METHOD THEREOF}

The present invention relates to a depth detection apparatus for detecting the depth of an infrastructure buried in the ground, and a depth detection method thereof.

In general, to prevent settlement areas such as earthworks or railway stations, steel tower foundations, ports, bridges, dams, new constructions, extensions, road construction sites, incisions, etc., grouting work is performed by inserting a reinforcing pile after the primary drilling work. I am doing it.

And, in order to reinforce the ground like this, rock bolts, anchors, soilnailing, micro piles, etc., which are ground reinforcement engineering methods, are inserted into the ground after drilling and buried. As the depth and length cannot be measured due to related pipes, the reliability of the constructor is deteriorated.

There is a problem that the supervisor cannot know exactly how much of the file is inserted after the construction of inserting the file.

In particular, the work of the foundation material of the high-pressure power transmission tower may cause problems such as difficulty in assembling the tower even due to the occurrence of relatively small measurement errors, or reducing the strength of the tower by generating additional stress on the upper part of the tower. In the construction of a steel tower, even though the foundation material (commonly referred to as'plinth material') is responsible for the structural stability of the steel tower structure, it is weak to secure it.

On the other hand, it is necessary to reinforce the steel tower for which the standard of the foundation material is not secured among the towers for overhead transmission. In order to promote efficient reinforcement projects in the future, it is necessary to develop new technology that can predict the specifications of steel towers for which basic standards are not secured.

There are electric resistivity survey, seismic survey (refraction method, reflection method), and electron survey as methods for exploring the lower part of the ground, including the basic standards for steel towers. In the case of electric resistivity survey, the shape and size of the foundation of the pylon cannot be accurately determined, and a large site is required for the exploration. In the case of electronic exploration, the pylon foundation is not conductive, so exploration is impossible. In the case of the refraction method during seismic exploration, a large site is required as in the electric resistivity exploration.

(Patent Document 0001) Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1015878 (2011.02.23.)

It is an object of the present invention to solve the above and other problems.

One object of the present invention

The present invention relates to a depth detection apparatus for detecting the depth of an infrastructure buried in the ground and a depth detection method thereof.

The depth detection device is installed on one surface of an infrastructure buried in the ground, and a sensor for sensing a signal returning by reflecting a stress wave generated as the striking means strikes the one surface is reflected from the other surface of the infrastructure ; And a processor that calculates the compression wave velocity of the stress wave using the signal, and calculates a depth between the one surface and the other surface using a resonance frequency corresponding to the infrastructure and the compression wave velocity. .

According to an embodiment, the processor may convert the signal into a frequency domain signal using a fast Fourier transform, and calculate the resonance frequency from the frequency domain signal.

According to an embodiment, it further includes a memory for storing a plurality of theoretical equations, wherein the processor determines any one of the theoretical equations that best matches the frequency domain signal, and uses the one of the theoretical equations. The resonance frequency can be calculated.

According to an embodiment, the processor calculates the width of the infrastructure by inputting the depth into a preset one-dimensional equation, and the one-dimensional equation may vary depending on the infrastructure.

According to an embodiment, an output unit for outputting at least one of the depth and the width in at least one of visual, auditory and tactile methods may be further included.

According to an embodiment, a user input unit for receiving a thickness of the discarded concrete constructed on a lower surface of the infrastructure may be further included, and the processor may exclude the thickness of the outsole concrete in calculating the depth.

In addition, the depth detection method performed by the computing device uses a sensor installed on one side of the infrastructure buried in the ground, and the stress wave generated as the striking means strikes the one side is transmitted from the other side of the infrastructure. Sensing the reflected and returned signal; Calculating a compression wave velocity of the stress wave using the signal; And calculating a depth between the one surface and the other surface by using the resonance frequency corresponding to the infrastructure and the compression wave speed.

According to an embodiment, the calculating of the depth may include converting the signal into a frequency domain signal using a fast Fourier transform; And calculating the resonant frequency from the frequency domain signal.

According to an embodiment, the calculating of the resonant frequency may include determining one of a plurality of theoretical equations stored in a memory that best matches the frequency domain signal; And calculating the resonant frequency by using any one of the theoretical equations.

According to an embodiment, the step of calculating the width of the infrastructure by inputting the depth to a preset one-dimensional equation, the one-dimensional equation may be varied depending on the infrastructure.

According to an embodiment, the step of outputting at least one of the depth and the width in at least one of visual, auditory and tactile methods may be further included.

According to an embodiment, the step of receiving a thickness of the discarded concrete constructed on a lower surface of the infrastructure may be further included, and in the step of calculating the depth, the thickness of the outsole concrete may be excluded from the depth.

A depth detection method for detecting a depth of an infrastructure using the above-described subsoil detection device includes: installing the sensor on one surface of the infrastructure; Generating the stress wave by hitting the one surface using the striking means; And detecting a distance between one surface and the other surface of the infrastructure on which the sensor is installed at the depth using the stress wave.

According to the present invention, the depth of an infrastructure buried in the ground can be detected in a non-destructive manner. Accordingly, accurate information on the infrastructure can be obtained without dismantling the steel tower installed on the infrastructure.

1 is a view for explaining a state in which the infrastructure of a steel tower is constructed in an inverted T type according to a conventional method
2A is an exemplary diagram showing a time domain signal sensed by a sensor
FIG. 2B is an exemplary diagram illustrating a frequency domain signal converted through a fast Fourier transform of the time domain signal of FIG. 2A
3 is a block diagram illustrating a depth detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
4 is a flowchart illustrating a depth detection method by the depth detection apparatus of FIG. 3
5 is a diagram for explaining a method of searching for the most approximate theoretical equation in the frequency domain
6 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the depth and the width of an infrastructure buried in the ground
7 is a diagram for explaining characteristics of signals sensed by sensors installed at different locations
8 is an exemplary diagram showing actual experimental data

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments disclosed in the present specification will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the same reference numerals are assigned to the same or similar elements regardless of the reference numerals, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted. The suffixes "module" and "unit" for constituent elements used in the following description are given or used interchangeably in consideration of only the ease of preparation of the specification, and do not have meanings or roles that are distinguished from each other by themselves. In addition, in describing the embodiments disclosed in the present specification, when it is determined that a detailed description of related known technologies may obscure the subject matter of the embodiments disclosed in the present specification, the detailed description thereof will be omitted. In addition, the accompanying drawings are for easy understanding of the embodiments disclosed in the present specification, and the technical idea disclosed in the present specification is not limited by the accompanying drawings, and all changes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention It should be understood to include equivalents or substitutes.

Terms including ordinal numbers such as first and second may be used to describe various elements, but the elements are not defined by the terms. The above terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another component.

When a component is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another component, it is understood that it may be directly connected or connected to the other component, but other components may exist in the middle. It should be. On the other hand, when a component is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another component, it should be understood that there is no other component in the middle.

Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

In this application, terms such as "comprises" or "have" are intended to designate the presence of features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, but one or more other features. It is to be understood that the presence or addition of elements or numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof does not preclude in advance.

The terminal described in the present invention may correspond to at least one of a mobile terminal and a fixed terminal. Mobile terminals include mobile phones, smart phones, laptop computers, digital broadcasting terminals, personal digital assistants (PDAs), portable multimedia players (PMPs), navigation, slate PCs, and tablet PCs. PC), ultrabook, etc. may be included. The fixed terminal may include a desktop computer, a server, and the like.

1 is a view for explaining a state in which the infrastructure of a steel tower is constructed in an inverted T type according to a conventional method.

In the construction of a transmission pylon that supports the transmission line, a rock anchor structure for the transmission pylon, which is the foundation facility of the pylon, is installed. Conventionally, the inverted T-type method, in which a base reinforced concrete structure was installed on the floor after extensive excavation of the infrastructure, and then cured by successively pouring the pillars with the angled material, and filling 6 feet of the excavation part for compaction work. It has been specified and constructed as a basic type.

After extensive excavation of the infrastructure area, the base reinforced concrete structure (1) is installed on the floor, and then the pillars (3) with the square inserts (2) are continuously poured and cured, and then the excavation part (4) is refilled for compaction work. Should be done.

The characteristic of such a conventional method is that the size of the foundation of the pylon is determined by the design load of the pylon (upper member). In general, in the case of a 765kV class average pylon, the amount of excavation in the excavation section 4 is usually determined depending on the size of the bottom, the depth is about 7-10m, and the width of the bottom is about 5-10m × 5-10m in the forward direction.

As the depth of the square grain 2 becomes longer, it is difficult to install the basic square grain, and there is an excavation part and a backfill part, which entails thorough work on the construction quality such as thorough compaction during the backfill work.

The present invention proposes an impact echo technique for calculating the depth (or depth) of an inverted T-type infrastructure that could not be solved by the prior art. More specifically, we propose an apparatus and method capable of accurately detecting the specifications of the inverted T-type infrastructure by measuring the waveform reflected and returned from the interface at the bottom of the inverted T-type infrastructure and analyzing the frequency response characteristics.

The present invention proposes a method of predicting specifications for an inverted T-type foundation (2 to 7 m) among the foundations of a pylon using an impact echo technique.

The stress wave propagating along the medium generates a volume wave (P wave, S wave) propagating inside the specimen with a spherical wavefront and a surface wave (R wave) propagating along the surface of the medium with a cylindrical wavefront. The distinction between a volume wave and a surface wave is distinguished by the behavioral characteristics and propagation speed of the medium particles in which the wave propagates.

Since the compressed wave arrives first after oscillation, it is called'Pimary' or P wave. In the P wave, the particle motion moves back and forth parallel to the wave's traveling direction, and the wjseksqus-type up causes only volume deformation.

When the lateral displacement is constrained, the compression wave velocity (Vp) is determined by [Equation 1] by the elastic modulus and density of the medium. The compressed wave velocity may be referred to as the P wave velocity.

[Equation 1]

On the other hand, the Impact Echo Method measures the surface displacement in a resonant state caused by multiple reflections between the surface and discontinuous surfaces such as cracks and cavities by applying a mechanical impact to one side of a member. It is based. The main application field is the non-destructive evaluation method for the maintenance of structures.

FIG. 2A is an exemplary diagram illustrating a time domain signal sensed by a sensor, and FIG. 2B is an exemplary diagram illustrating a frequency domain signal in which the time domain signal of FIG. 2A is converted through fast Fourier transform.

The sensor senses the surface displacement in the resonance state caused by multiple reflections between the surface of the base material and the outer interface, and generates a time domain signal shown in FIG. 2A.

The processor converts a time domain signal (Time Domain Data) into a frequency domain signal (Frequency Domain Data) shown in FIG. 2B by a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The processor may calculate a peak frequency using the frequency domain signal.

The present invention is a method of grasping the depth (or thickness) of an inverted T-type infrastructure, which is a relatively shallow thickness among the foundations of a steel tower, using an impact echo technique.

A sensor for signal measurement is installed on the surface of an inverted T-type infrastructure, and a stress wave is generated by hitting the surface with a hammer, and the stress wave that has entered the foundation is reflected from the lower boundary of the foundation and returns to the foundation. Detect the depth of the facility.

3 is a block diagram illustrating a depth detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The depth detection apparatus 100 includes at least one of a sensor 110, a user input unit 130, a memory 150, an output unit 170, and a processor 190.

The sensor 110 is installed on one side of an infrastructure buried in the ground, and senses a signal returned by a stress wave generated as the striking means strikes the one side by being reflected from the other side of the infrastructure. The sensed signal is an analog signal and means a time domain signal.

The user input unit 130 generates input data according to a control command for controlling the operation of the depth detection apparatus 100 applied from a user. The user input unit 130 may include a key pad, a dome switch, a touch pad (positive pressure/electrostatic), a jog wheel, a jog switch, a microphone, and the like.

The memory 150 is a flash memory type, a hard disk type, a multimedia card micro type, a card type memory (eg, SD or XD memory, etc.), and RAM. (random access memory; RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), magnetic memory, magnetic It may include at least one type of storage medium among a disk and an optical disk. The depth detection apparatus 100 may be operated in connection with a web storage that performs a storage function of the memory 150 over the Internet.

The output unit 170 is for generating output related to visual, auditory or tactile sense, and may include a display unit, an audio output module, an alarm unit, and a haptic module.

The processor 190 typically controls the overall operation of the depth detection apparatus 100.

Although not shown in the drawing, a power supply may be further provided, and the power supply receives external power and internal power under the control of the processor 190 to supply power required for operation of each component.

Various embodiments described herein may be implemented in a recording medium that can be read by a computer or a similar device using, for example, software, hardware, or a combination thereof.

According to hardware implementation, the embodiments described herein include application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). , Processors, controllers, micro-controllers, microprocessors, and electric units for performing other functions may be used. In some cases, the embodiments described herein may be implemented by the processor 190 itself.

According to software implementation, embodiments such as procedures and functions described in the present specification may be implemented as separate software modules. Each of the software modules may perform one or more functions and operations described herein.

The software code is a software application written in an appropriate programming language, and the software code can be implemented. The software code may be stored in the memory 150 and executed by the processor 190.

4 is a flowchart illustrating a depth detection method by the depth detection apparatus of FIG. 3.

The sensor 110 is installed on one surface of an infrastructure buried in the ground, and a stress wave generated as the striking means strikes the one surface is reflected from the other surface of the infrastructure and senses a signal returning ( S310).

The stress wave is repeatedly reflected from the other side and one side of the basic line of sight like an echo. At this time, the magnitude of the stress wave decreases as the reflection is repeated. The sensor 110 attached to the one surface may sense a signal reflected from the other surface and return and/or a signal reflected from the one surface and directed toward the other surface in real time, and output a waveform thereof. The processor 190 receives a signal sensed by the sensor 110.

The processor 190 calculates the compression wave velocity of the stress wave by using the signal (S330).

The processor 190 calculates the compressed wave velocity (Vp) using the above-described [Equation 1], or specifies a first frequency (f ₁ ) and a period (T) reflected from the signal for the first time and returned, The compressed wave velocity (Vp) can be calculated using [Equation 2]. In other words, the value obtained by multiplying the first frequency by 2 periods is calculated as the compressed wave velocity (Vp).

[Equation 2]

Vp = 2Tf ₁

Meanwhile, the processor 190 may convert the signal into a frequency domain signal using a fast Fourier transform. In addition, the resonance frequency may be calculated from the frequency domain signal.

For example, a plurality of theoretical equations may be stored in the memory 150. The processor 190 may determine one of the theoretical equations that most match the frequency domain signal, and calculate the resonance frequency using the one of the theoretical equations.

As another example, the processor 190 may derive a theoretical equation that most matches the frequency domain signal using [Equation 3], and calculate the resonance frequency from the theoretical equation.

[Equation 3]

In [Equation 3], k is the spring constant, D is the damping ratio, fn is the resonance frequency, and f is the frequency.

5 is a diagram for explaining a method of searching for the most approximate theoretical equation in the frequency domain.

In FIG. 5, the result indicated by the solid line is the original data, and the result indicated by the circle indicates the theoretical equation having the closest shape by comparing the original data with [Equation 3] of the frequency response curve. Since the original data cannot clearly know the resonance frequency due to noise, the resonance frequency is analyzed by deriving the theoretical equation closest to the original data using [Equation 3].

As another example, a plurality of resonant frequencies corresponding to different materials may be stored in the memory 150 assuming that the materials used to construct the infrastructure are the same. In this case, the processor 190 may select any one of the plurality of resonance frequencies based on the material information of the infrastructure input through the user input unit 130.

The processor 190 calculates a depth between the one side and the other side by using the resonance frequency and the compressed wave speed corresponding to the infrastructure (S350).

In this case, the processor 190 may receive the thickness of the discarded concrete installed on the lower surface of the infrastructure through the user input unit 130. The processor 190 may exclude the thickness of the sole concrete in calculating the depth.

More specifically, the processor 190 calculates the depth using [Equation 4]. In [Equation 4], D is the depth, Vp is the P wave velocity of the stress wave, n is the resonance frequency number, and SC is the thickness of the outsole concrete poured under the inverted T-type infrastructure.

[Equation 4]

Outsole concrete is the concrete that is thinly applied before the foundation is installed. It is intended to indicate the position of the foundation and mold regardless of the structure. It refers to concrete that is laid under the foundation of about 6cm in thickness in order to make ink streaks on the foundation such as rubble compaction, gravel compaction, etc. Outsole concrete is sometimes referred to as discarded concrete. The outsole concrete varies with each construction, and according to the above-described depth detection method, the thickness of the outsole concrete may be included in the thickness of the infrastructure.

In order to prevent such an error from occurring, the depth detection device may receive the thickness of the outsole concrete through a user input unit. The processor can control the inputted thickness of the sole concrete to be excluded from the depth.

In FIG. 5, three resonant frequencies are shown. When the first frequency is f ₁ , it can be seen that f ₂ is twice as large as _{f 1 , and f 3} is three times as large as _{f 1.} The depth of the steel tower infrastructure can be analyzed through [Equation 4] using this integer multiple relationship of the resonance frequency.

Meanwhile, the processor 190 may calculate the width of the infrastructure by inputting the depth into a preset one-dimensional equation. In this case, the one-dimensional equation may vary depending on the infrastructure. For example, the one-dimensional equation may vary depending on the type of pylon installed on the infrastructure.

6 is a view for explaining the relationship between the depth and the width of the infrastructure buried in the ground. The relationship between the depth and the width of the infrastructure according to the depth of the foundation of the steel towers poured under the ground of 40 inverted T-type pylons installed nationwide is shown in FIG. 6. For example, the relationship between depth and width may be defined by [Equation 5]. In [Equation 5], x is the depth and y is the width.

[Equation 5]

y=0.431x+1.2686

7 is a diagram for describing characteristics of signals sensed by sensors installed at different locations.

7 shows the data obtained in the field as a time domain graph. Several sensors can be used depending on the measurement frequency range of the sensor, but if the resonant frequency range of the structure is within the measurement frequency range of the sensor, it can be confirmed that there is no significant difference in the survey results. That is, the location where the sensor is installed does not affect the detection result.

8 is an exemplary diagram showing actual experimental data.

The processor 190 may detect the depth using the first resonance frequency or may detect the depth using an average value calculated from a plurality of resonance frequencies. The final result of the prediction of the basic specifications of the steel tower using the impact echo method is shown in FIG. 8. It can be seen that there is no significant difference between the final results analyzed from _{f 1} , f ₂ , and f _3.

Through this patent, the depth of penetration of the tower foundation and the width of the bottom plate can be calculated by measuring the seismic wave propagating from the surface of the tower to the inside of the tower foundation, and based on this, the steel tower foundation reinforcement work can be performed.

It is expected that overseas competitiveness in related fields will be strengthened and exported by inventing a new analysis, by deviating from the limitations that could not be measured with the existing analysis method for the base of the steel tower (reverse T type) of the impact echo test.

The present invention can be implemented as a computer-readable code on a medium on which a program is recorded. The computer-readable medium includes all types of recording devices that store data that can be read by a computer system. Examples of computer-readable media include hard disk drives (HDDs), solid state disks (SSDs), silicon disk drives (SDDs), ROMs, RAM, CD-ROMs, magnetic tapes, floppy disks, optical data storage devices, etc. There is also a carrier wave (for example, transmission over the Internet) also includes the implementation of the form. In addition, the computer may include a terminal.

Therefore, the detailed description above should not be construed as restrictive in all respects and should be considered as illustrative. The scope of the present invention should be determined by reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all changes within the equivalent scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

100: depth detection device 110: sensor
130: user input unit 150: memory
170: output unit 190: processor

Claims (13)

A sensor installed on one surface of an infrastructure buried in the ground, and sensing a signal returned by a stress wave generated by hitting the one surface by a striking means being reflected from the other surface of the infrastructure; And
Depth including a processor that calculates the compression wave velocity of the stress wave using the signal, and calculates a depth between the one surface and the other surface using a resonance frequency corresponding to the infrastructure and the compression wave velocity Detection device. The method of claim 1,
The processor,
And converting the signal into a frequency domain signal by fast Fourier transform, and calculating the resonant frequency from the frequency domain signal. The method of claim 2,
Further comprising a memory for storing a plurality of theoretical equations,
The processor,
Depth detection apparatus, characterized in that to determine any one of the theoretical equations most matched to the frequency domain signal, and calculate the resonant frequency by using the one of the theoretical equations. The method of claim 1,
The processor,
A depth detection device, characterized in that the width of the infrastructure is calculated by inputting the depth to a preset one-dimensional equation, and the one-dimensional equation is variable according to the infrastructure. The method of claim 4,
And an output unit configured to output at least one of the depth and the width in at least one of visual, auditory and tactile methods. The method of claim 1,
Further comprising a user input unit for receiving the input of the thickness of the abandoned concrete constructed on the lower surface of the infrastructure,
The processor,
In calculating the depth, the depth detection device, characterized in that the thickness of the outsole concrete is excluded. A depth detection method performed by a computing device, comprising:
Sensing a signal returning by reflecting a stress wave generated as a strike means strikes the one surface by using a sensor installed on one surface of the infrastructure buried in the ground, reflected from the other surface of the infrastructure;
Calculating a compression wave velocity of the stress wave using the signal; And
And calculating a depth between the one surface and the other surface using a resonance frequency corresponding to the infrastructure and the compression wave velocity. The method of claim 7,
The step of calculating the depth,
Converting the signal into a frequency domain signal using a fast Fourier transform; And
And calculating the resonant frequency from the frequency domain signal. The method of claim 8,
The step of calculating the resonance frequency,
Determining one of the plurality of theoretical equations stored in the memory that best matches the frequency domain signal; And
And calculating the resonant frequency using any one of the theoretical equations. The method of claim 7,
And calculating a width of the infrastructure by inputting the depth into a preset one-dimensional equation, wherein the one-dimensional equation is variable according to the infrastructure. The method of claim 10,
And outputting at least one of the depth and the width in at least one of visual, auditory and tactile methods. The method of claim 7,
Further comprising the step of receiving input of the thickness of the abandoned concrete constructed on the lower surface of the infrastructure,
The depth detection method, characterized in that in the step of calculating the depth, the thickness of the sole concrete is excluded from the depth. A depth detection method for detecting the depth of an infrastructure using the subsoil detection device of claim 1,
Installing the sensor on one surface of the infrastructure;
Generating the stress wave by hitting the one surface using the striking means; And
And detecting a distance between one surface and the other surface of the infrastructure on which the sensor is installed as the depth by using the stress wave.

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